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Neoplasia – Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre

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class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Início</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Definição" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Definição"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Definição</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Definição-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tipos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tipos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Tipos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tipos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Causas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Causas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Causas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Causas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Neoplasias_em_paleopatologia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Neoplasias_em_paleopatologia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Neoplasias em paleopatologia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Neoplasias_em_paleopatologia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reações_osteológicas_das_neoplasias" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reações_osteológicas_das_neoplasias"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Reações osteológicas das neoplasias</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reações_osteológicas_das_neoplasias-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Diagnóstico_diferencial" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diagnóstico_diferencial"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Diagnóstico diferencial</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Diagnóstico_diferencial-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referências" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referências"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Referências</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referências-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Conteúdo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alternar o índice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alternar o índice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Neoplasia</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir para um artigo noutra língua. Disponível em 51 línguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-51" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">51 línguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gewas_(medies)" title="Gewas (medies) — africanês" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Gewas (medies)" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="africanês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%85" title="ورم — árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ورم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%BE%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85" title="نئوپلاسم — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="نئوپلاسم" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%AE" title="নিওপ্লাজম — bengalês" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="নিওপ্লাজম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoplazma" title="Neoplazma — bósnio" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Neoplazma" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bósnio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neopl%C3%A0sia" title="Neoplàsia — catalão" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Neoplàsia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoplasi" title="Neoplasi — dinamarquês" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Neoplasi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dinamarquês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoplasie" title="Neoplasie — alemão" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Neoplasie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CE%B5%CF%8C%CF%80%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B1" title="Νεόπλασμα — grego" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νεόπλασμα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoplasm" title="Neoplasm — inglês" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Neoplasm" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoplasmo" title="Neoplasmo — esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Neoplasmo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoplasia" title="Neoplasia — espanhol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Neoplasia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasvaja" title="Kasvaja — estónio" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kasvaja" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estónio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoplasia" title="Neoplasia — basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Neoplasia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%BE%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85" title="نئوپلاسم — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نئوپلاسم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A9oplasie" title="Néoplasie — francês" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Néoplasie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoplasma" title="Neoplasma — irlandês" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Neoplasma" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoplasia" title="Neoplasia — galego" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Neoplasia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%96%D7%99%D7%94" title="נאופלזיה — hebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נאופלזיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5" title="फुलाव — hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="फुलाव" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoplasia" title="Neoplasia — húngaro" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Neoplasia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="húngaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%B8%D5%B5%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Նորագոյացություն — arménio" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նորագոյացություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoplasma" title="Neoplasma — indonésio" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Neoplasma" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoplasia" title="Neoplasia — italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Neoplasia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Неоплазма — cazaque" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Неоплазма" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="cazaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BF" title="ಗಂತಿ — canarim" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಗಂತಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="canarim" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%A0%EC%83%9D%EB%AC%BC" title="신생물 — coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="신생물" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoplasma" title="Neoplasma — latim" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Neoplasma" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latim" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoplasia" title="Neoplasia — lombardo" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Neoplasia" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%82" title="നിയോപ്ലാസം — malaiala" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="നിയോപ്ലാസം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malaiala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoplasma" title="Neoplasma — malaio" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Neoplasma" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoplasie" title="Neoplasie — neerlandês" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Neoplasie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoplasi" title="Neoplasi — norueguês nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Neoplasi" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norueguês nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoplasi" title="Neoplasi — norueguês bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Neoplasi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norueguês bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nowotw%C3%B3r" title="Nowotwór — polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nowotwór" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoplasm" title="Neoplasm — romeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Neoplasm" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Искэн — sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Искэн" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoplazma" title="Neoplazma — servo-croata" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Neoplazma" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="servo-croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoplasm" title="Neoplasm — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Neoplasm" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Неоплазма — sérvio" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Неоплазма" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sérvio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoplasi" title="Neoplasi — sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Neoplasi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nowotw%C5%8Dr" title="Nowotwōr — Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Nowotwōr" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF_(%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D)" title="கட்டி (உயிரியல்) — tâmil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கட்டி (உயிரியல்)" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tâmil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81" title="เนื้องอก — tailandês" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เนื้องอก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tailandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCm%C3%B6r" title="Tümör — turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tümör" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Неоплазма — ucraniano" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Неоплазма" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%BE%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%85" title="نیوپلازم — urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نیوپلازم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh%E1%BB%91i_u" title="Khối u — vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Khối u" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B5%98%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="赘生物 — wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="赘生物" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B4%85%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9" title="贅生物 — chinês" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="贅生物" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%98%9C%E8%82%89" title="瘜肉 — cantonês" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="瘜肉" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1216998#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editar hiperligações interlínguas" class="wbc-editpage">Editar hiperligações</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaços nominais"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Neoplasia" title="Ver a página de conteúdo [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artigo</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discuss%C3%A3o:Neoplasia" rel="discussion" title="Discussão sobre o conteúdo da página [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussão</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mudar a variante da língua" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">português</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Vistas"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Neoplasia"><span>Ler</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neoplasia&amp;veaction=edit" title="Editar esta página [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editar</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neoplasia&amp;action=edit" title="Editar o código-fonte desta página [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editar código-fonte</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neoplasia&amp;action=history" title="Edições anteriores desta página. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Ver histórico</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Ferramentas de página"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ferramentas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ferramentas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Ferramentas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mover para a barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ocultar</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Mais opções" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Operações </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Neoplasia"><span>Ler</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neoplasia&amp;veaction=edit" title="Editar esta página [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editar</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neoplasia&amp;action=edit" title="Editar o código-fonte desta página [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editar código-fonte</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neoplasia&amp;action=history"><span>Ver histórico</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Geral </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:P%C3%A1ginas_afluentes/Neoplasia" title="Lista de todas as páginas que contêm hiperligações para esta [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Páginas afluentes</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Altera%C3%A7%C3%B5es_relacionadas/Neoplasia" rel="nofollow" title="Mudanças recentes nas páginas para as quais esta contém hiperligações [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Alterações relacionadas</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Carregar_ficheiro" title="Carregar ficheiros [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Carregar ficheiro</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:P%C3%A1ginas_especiais" title="Lista de páginas especiais [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Páginas especiais</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neoplasia&amp;oldid=67796302" title="Hiperligação permanente para esta revisão desta página"><span>Hiperligação permanente</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neoplasia&amp;action=info" title="Mais informações sobre esta página"><span>Informações da página</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Citar&amp;page=Neoplasia&amp;id=67796302&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informação sobre como citar esta página"><span>Citar esta página</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FNeoplasia"><span>Obter URL encurtado</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FNeoplasia"><span>Descarregar código QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimir/exportar </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Livro&amp;bookcmd=book_creator&amp;referer=Neoplasia"><span>Criar um livro</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=Neoplasia&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>Descarregar como PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neoplasia&amp;printable=yes" title="Versão para impressão desta página [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versão para impressão</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Noutros projetos </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Neoplasms" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1216998" title="Hiperligação para o elemento do repositório de dados [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Elemento Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Ferramentas de página"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspeto"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspeto</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mover para a barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ocultar</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Origem: Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom"><span style="color:#655900;font-weight:bold;">(Redirecionado de <u><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tumor&amp;redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Tumor">Tumor</a></u>)</span></span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="pt" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox infobox_v2" cellpadding="3" border="0" style="width: 20em; text-align: left; font-size: 88%;;width: 26em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" class="topo padrao" style="text-align:center;"><span class="">Neoplasia</span> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><div style="padding-bottom: 5px;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Colon_cancer_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Neoplasia"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Colon_cancer_2.jpg/300px-Colon_cancer_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Colon_cancer_2.jpg/450px-Colon_cancer_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Colon_cancer_2.jpg/600px-Colon_cancer_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="603" /></a><figcaption>Neoplasia</figcaption></figure></div><a href="/wiki/Colectomia" title="Colectomia">Colectomia</a> contendo uma neoplasma maligno, ou seja, um <a href="/wiki/Carcinoma" title="Carcinoma">carcinoma</a> colorretal invasivo (o <a href="/wiki/Tumor" class="mw-redirect" title="Tumor">tumor</a> de forma irregular e cor mais vermelha) </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Especialidade_m%C3%A9dica" class="mw-redirect" title="Especialidade médica">Especialidade</a> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><span><span><a href="/wiki/Anatomia" title="Anatomia">anatomia</a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background-color:transparent;">Classificação e recursos externos </th></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;"><b><a href="/wiki/CID" class="mw-redirect" title="CID">CID</a>-<a href="/wiki/Lista_de_c%C3%B3digos_da_CID-10" class="mw-redirect" title="Lista de códigos da CID-10">10</a></b> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://icd.who.int/browse10/2019/en#/C00">C00</a>-<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://icd.who.int/browse10/2019/en#/D48">D48</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;"><b><a href="/wiki/CID" class="mw-redirect" title="CID">CID</a>-<a href="/wiki/CID-9" class="mw-redirect" title="CID-9">9</a></b> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icd9data.com/getICD9Code.ashx?icd9=140">140</a></span>-<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icd9data.com/getICD9Code.ashx?icd9=239.99">239.99</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;"><b><a href="/wiki/CID" class="mw-redirect" title="CID">CID</a>-ICD-O</b> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><span><span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://codes.iarc.fr/search.php?cx=009987501641899931167%3A2_7lsevqpdm&amp;cof=FORID%3A9&amp;ie=UTF-8&amp;ie=ISO-8859-1&amp;oe=ISO-8859-1&amp;sa=&amp;q=8000/1">8000/1</a></span>, <span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://codes.iarc.fr/search.php?cx=009987501641899931167%3A2_7lsevqpdm&amp;cof=FORID%3A9&amp;ie=UTF-8&amp;ie=ISO-8859-1&amp;oe=ISO-8859-1&amp;sa=&amp;q=800">800</a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;"><b><a href="/wiki/CID" class="mw-redirect" title="CID">CID</a>-<a href="/wiki/CID-11" class="mw-redirect" title="CID-11">11</a></b> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://icd.who.int/browse/latest-release/mms/pt#1630407678">1630407678</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;"><b><a href="/wiki/Diseases_Database" title="Diseases Database">DiseasesDB</a></b> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.diseasesdatabase.com/ddb28841.htm">28841</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;"><b><a href="/wiki/MedlinePlus" title="MedlinePlus">MedlinePlus</a></b> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001310..htm">001310.</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;"><b><a href="/wiki/Medical_Subject_Headings" title="Medical Subject Headings">MeSH</a></b> </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2024/MB_cgi?field=uid&amp;term=D009369">D009369</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background-color:transparent;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Aviso_m%C3%A9dico" title="A Wikipédia não é um consultório médico."><img alt="A Wikipédia não é um consultório médico." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Star_of_life_caution.svg/24px-Star_of_life_caution.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Star_of_life_caution.svg/36px-Star_of_life_caution.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Star_of_life_caution.svg/48px-Star_of_life_caution.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="210" data-file-height="190" /></a></span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Aviso_m%C3%A9dico" title="Wikipédia:Aviso médico"><b>Leia o aviso médico</b></a><span style="padding-left:1em;">&#160;</span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Neoplasia</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> , também chamada <b>neoformação</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup> <b>neoplasma</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup> <b>neoplastia</b><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup> ou <b>tumor</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup> é a <a href="/wiki/Prolifera%C3%A7%C3%A3o_celular" title="Proliferação celular">proliferação celular</a> local, sem que haja causa aparente, de crescimento excessivo, ilimitado e progressivo que ocorre nos tecidos ou nos órgãos. Esta relação é irreversível e com tendência a perda de diferenciação celular.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span>[</span>8<span>]</span></a></sup> Estas afetam todos os organismos vivos, não se resumindo assim, somente ao reino animal.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span>[</span>8<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As neoplasias podem ser classificadas como benignas, malignas e potencialmente malignas (ou tumores de borderline). As benignas normalmente são pouco agressivos, isto é, não invadem os tecidos adjacentes.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup> As potencialmente malignas apresentam características benignas em franco processo de malignização.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span>[</span>8<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definição"><span id="Defini.C3.A7.C3.A3o"></span>Definição</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neoplasia&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Editar secção: Definição" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neoplasia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Definição"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Porque a neoplasia inclui doenças muito diferentes, é difícil encontrar uma definição abrangente.<sup id="cite_ref-titleWhat_is_neoplasm_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-titleWhat_is_neoplasm-9"><span>[</span>9<span>]</span></a></sup> A definição do <a href="/wiki/Oncologia" title="Oncologia">oncologista</a> britânico R.A. Willis é amplamente citada: "Um neoplasma é uma massa anormal de tecido, cujo crescimento excede e é descoordenado com o do tecido normal e persiste no mesmo modo excessivo depois da cessação do estímulo que provocou a alteração."<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span>[</span>10<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tipos">Tipos</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neoplasia&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Editar secção: Tipos" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neoplasia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Tipos"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Uma neoplasma pode ser <a href="/wiki/Tumor_benigno" title="Tumor benigno">benigno</a>, potencialmente maligno (pré-câncer), ou <a href="/wiki/Tumor_maligno" class="mw-redirect" title="Tumor maligno">maligno</a> (<a href="/wiki/C%C3%A2ncer" title="Câncer">câncer</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-titleCancer_-_Activity_1_-_Glossário,_página_4_of_5_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-titleCancer_-_Activity_1_-_Glossário,_página_4_of_5-11"><span>[</span>11<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Os <a href="/wiki/Tumor_benigno" title="Tumor benigno">tumores benignos</a> incluem o <a href="/wiki/Mioma_(doen%C3%A7a)" title="Mioma (doença)">mioma</a> uterino e o <a href="/wiki/Nevo" title="Nevo">nevo</a> melanocítico e tem normalmente característica circunscrita e localizada.<sup id="cite_ref-Abrams_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Abrams-12"><span>[</span>12<span>]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Neoplasias potencialmente malignas incluem o <a href="/wiki/Carcinoma_in_situ" title="Carcinoma in situ">carcinoma in situ</a>.</li> <li>As neoplasias malignas são comumente chamadas de câncer.</li> <li>A neoplasia secundária refere-se a qualquer classe de tumor canceroso que é ou um desdobramento metastático de um tumor primário, ou um tumor aparentemente sem relação que aumenta em freqüência após certos tratamentos de câncer, como a <a href="/wiki/Quimioterapia" title="Quimioterapia">quimioterapia</a> ou a <a href="/wiki/Radioterapia" title="Radioterapia">radioterapia</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Causas">Causas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neoplasia&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Editar secção: Causas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neoplasia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Causas"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Recentemente, o crescimento do tumor tem sido estudado usando matemática e mecânica do contínuo. Os tumores vasculares são, portanto, encarados como sendo amálgamas de um esqueleto sólido formado por células pegajosas e um líquido orgânico preenchendo os espaços em que essas células podem crescer.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span>[</span>13<span>]</span></a></sup> De acordo com este tipo de modelo, as cargas mecânicas podem ser tratadas e sua influência sobre o crescimento do tumor e o tecido envolvente e vasculatura elucidado. Descobertas recentes a partir de experiências que utilizam este modelo mostram que o crescimento ativo do tumor é restrito às arestas exteriores do tumor e que a rigidez do tecido normal subjacente inibe também o crescimento do tumor.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid16793355_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid16793355-14"><span>[</span>14<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Há uma ligação entre as células tumorais e células normais, a célula tumoral é capaz de convencer as outras a produzir substâncias que lhe permitam invadir os <a href="/wiki/Tecidos" class="mw-redirect" title="Tecidos">tecidos</a> vizinhos e migrar pelos tecidos do organismo.<sup id="cite_ref-CH_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CH-15"><span>[</span>15<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <table style="margin: 0 0 1em 1em; border: 1px solid #AAA; float: right; padding:0.3em" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <th style="padding: 0 5px; background: #CCF; text-align: center;">Termos com o sufixo -plasia </th></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px;"><a href="/wiki/Anaplasia" title="Anaplasia"> <b>(Ana)</b>plasia </a> - desdiferenciação </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px;"><a href="/wiki/Hiperplasia" title="Hiperplasia"> <b>(Hiper)</b>plasia</a> - proliferação fisiológica </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"> <b>(Neo)</b>plasia </a> - proliferação anormal </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px;"><a href="/wiki/Displasia" title="Displasia"> <b>(Dis)</b>plasia </a> - maturação anormal </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 90%; padding: 0 5px;"><a href="/wiki/Metaplasia" title="Metaplasia"> <b>(Meta)</b>plasia </a> - conversão de tipo celular </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Neoplasias_em_paleopatologia">Neoplasias em paleopatologia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neoplasia&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Editar secção: Neoplasias em paleopatologia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neoplasia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Neoplasias em paleopatologia"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>O conhecimento de neoplasias em populações passadas depende muito do estudo das manifestações ósseas presentes em esqueletos ou múmias, assim como dos registos médicos, iconografias e outras fontes documentais, porém, estes nem sempre estão disponíveis. </p><p>O estudo de neoplasias no passado passa, maioritariamente, pela análise macroscópica e radiológica das reações osteológicas.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-16"><span>[</span>16<span>]</span></a></sup> Porém, várias doenças que integram este grupo nosológico apresentam alterações ósseas com morfologia e distribuição muito semelhantes entre si.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup> Pelo que o diagnóstico de neoplasias específicas através do esqueleto é bastante difícil. Atualmente, e cada vez mais, outras técnicas, como o estudo molecular e histológico, são usadas para diagnosticar, com maior confiança, o tipo de neoplasia. Porém, quando estas técnicas não estão disponíveis e as evidências ósseas são comuns a várias patologias, deve-se diferenciar apenas entre categorias mais amplas de doenças (neoplásicas, inflamatórias/imunitárias, vasculares, traumáticas, metabólicas, anomalias e inervações).<sup id="cite_ref-:2_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-16"><span>[</span>16<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Neoplasias no registo paleopatológico</b> </p><p>Na última década, vários casos de neoplasias foram registos em contextos arqueológicos, provenientes de várias regiões geográficas e períodos históricos. Estes são apenas alguns exemplos de neoplasias no registo paleopatologico português: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td>Tipo de Neoplasia: </td> <td>Local de Proveniência: </td> <td>Período Histórico: </td> <td>Autor: </td></tr> <tr> <td>Carcinoma Metástico </td> <td>Necrópole de Constância, Santarém (Portugal) </td> <td>Séculos XIV-XIX </td> <td>Assis &amp; Codinha, 2010<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span>[</span>17<span>]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Osteocondroma </td> <td>Igreja de Nossa Senhora da Anunciada, Setúbal (Portugal) </td> <td>Séculos XVI-XIX </td> <td>Antunes-Ferreira et al, 2014<sup id="cite_ref-:3_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-18"><span>[</span>18<span>]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Carcinoma Metástico </td> <td>Coimbra (Portugal) </td> <td>Séculos XV-XX </td> <td>Wasterlain et al, 2011<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span>[</span>19<span>]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reações_osteológicas_das_neoplasias"><span id="Rea.C3.A7.C3.B5es_osteol.C3.B3gicas_das_neoplasias"></span>Reações osteológicas das neoplasias</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neoplasia&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5" title="Editar secção: Reações osteológicas das neoplasias" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neoplasia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Reações osteológicas das neoplasias"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tipos de lesões ósseas: </p> <ul><li>osteoblásticas - quando existe um crescimento ósseo que, por norma está associado a espículas ou tipo coral;</li> <li>osteolíticas - afetam as margens destruindo-as com grandes lesões, contudo há que ter em atenção de que há insetos que fazem o mesmo;</li> <li>osteoclásticas - são lesões menores que podem passar a ser grandes se a pessoa viver durante muito tempo;</li> <li>lesão permeativa - outra verdadeiramente destrutiva, parece que o osso fica roído pelas traças da madeira e pode levar à ausência de partes de osso;</li> <li>existe ainda a hipótese de lesões mistas, cuja distribuição das lesões afetam um osso ou vários, podem ser ou não assimétricas.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span>[</span>20<span>]</span></a></sup> Estas lesões afetam sobretudo as epífises, metáfises ou as diáfises.</li></ul> <p>A análise cuidadosa deste tipo de lesões, a sua localização nos ossos afetados (epífise, metáfise, diáfise, osso cortical ou medular), distribuição no esqueleto, assim como o estudo da idade e sexo do indivíduo, permitem, não só distinguir entre lesões neoplásicas e lesões não-neoplásicas, mas também reduzir significativamente o número de diagnósticos possíveis.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span>[</span>21<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diagnóstico_diferencial"><span id="Diagn.C3.B3stico_diferencial"></span>Diagnóstico diferencial</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neoplasia&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6" title="Editar secção: Diagnóstico diferencial" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neoplasia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Diagnóstico diferencial"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>O tamanho e número de lesões é um importante fator para a distinção entre neoplasias malignas e benignas. Tumores benignos tendem a originar lesões únicas que, embora possam atingir grandes proporções, mais vulgarmente são de tamanho mais reduzido. As lesões malignas, pelo contrário, são caracterizadas por um grande crescimento/destruição local e/ou pela dispersão de várias lesões pelo esqueleto (<a href="/wiki/Met%C3%A1stase" title="Metástase">metástases</a> ósseas).<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span>[</span>22<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-16"><span>[</span>16<span>]</span></a></sup> Metástases ósseas, quer de origem lítica ou clástica, podem ocorrer em virtualmente todos os tumores malignos, mas são particularmente comuns em cancros de progressão lenta e mais frequentemente encontradas em ossos com maior fornecimento sanguíneo.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>No que diz respeito às características morfológicas das lesões osteolíticas, tumores benignos tendem a formar lesões radiologicamente bem circunscritas/focais (geográficas), de margens redondas e bordos bem definidos. Lesões com origem em neoplasias malignas ou metástases, comummente, apresentam áreas de atividade osteolítica difusas e confluentes, margens irregulares (tipo “moth-eaten” ou permeativas) e sem bordo esclerótico. Na presença deste tipo de lesões também se deve considerar doenças de foro infecioso, uma vez que as características das lesões são muito semelhantes às descritas.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Para além da diferenciação entre tumores malignos e benignos, deve-se também ter em consideração que as lesões presentes no esqueleto podem ter outras etiologias. Cistos, anomalias de desenvolvimento como <a href="/wiki/Doen%C3%A7a_de_Paget_do_osso" title="Doença de Paget do osso">doença de Page</a>t, <a href="/wiki/Reum%C3%A1tico" class="mw-redirect" title="Reumático">doenças reumáticas</a> como a artrite e <a href="/wiki/Entesopatia" title="Entesopatia">entesopatias</a>, doenças infeciosas como a <a href="/wiki/Osteomielite" title="Osteomielite">osteomielite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Treponema_pallidum" title="Treponema pallidum">treponematoses</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lepra" title="Lepra">lepra</a> e <a href="/wiki/Tuberculose" title="Tuberculose">tuberculose</a>, e traumas cicatrizados, podem apresentar lesões muito semelhantes às provocadas por neoplasias,<sup id="cite_ref-:2_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-16"><span>[</span>16<span>]</span></a></sup> pelo que a observação cuidada da localização, distribuição e características das lesões presentes é pertinente para a integração ou exclusão destas condições no diagnóstico diferencial.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-18"><span>[</span>18<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <h2 id="Referências" style="cursor: help;" title="Esta seção foi configurada para não ser editável diretamente. Edite a página toda ou a seção anterior em vez disso."><span id="Refer.C3.AAncias"></span>Referências</h2> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.infopedia.pt/dicionarios/lingua-portuguesa/neoplasia">«Neoplasia»</a>. Infopédia: Dicionário da Porto Editora<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 21 de junho de 2021</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ANeoplasia&amp;rft.btitle=Neoplasia&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=Infop%C3%A9dia%3A+Dicion%C3%A1rio+da+Porto+Editora&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.infopedia.pt%2Fdicionarios%2Flingua-portuguesa%2Fneoplasia&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Cooper GM (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.ca/books?id=M_k-NbntrEgC&amp;pg=PA16"><i>Elements of human cancer</i></a>. Boston: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. 16&#160;páginas. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/978-0-86720-191-8" title="Especial:Fontes de livros/978-0-86720-191-8">978-0-86720-191-8</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ANeoplasia&amp;rft.au=Cooper+GM&amp;rft.btitle=Elements+of+human+cancer&amp;rft.date=1992&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-86720-191-8&amp;rft.place=Boston&amp;rft.pub=Jones+and+Bartlett+Publishers&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.ca%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DM_k-NbntrEgC%26pg%3DPA16&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">S.A, Priberam Informática. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dicionario.priberam.org/neoformação">«neoformação»</a>. <i>Dicionário Priberam</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 22 de março de 2023</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ANeoplasia&amp;rft.atitle=neoforma%C3%A7%C3%A3o&amp;rft.aufirst=Priberam+Inform%C3%A1tica&amp;rft.aulast=S.A&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Dicion%C3%A1rio+Priberam&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdicionario.priberam.org%2Fneoforma%C3%A7%C3%A3o&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">S.A, Priberam Informática. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dicionario.priberam.org/neoplasma">«neoplasma»</a>. <i>Dicionário Priberam</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 22 de março de 2023</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ANeoplasia&amp;rft.atitle=neoplasma&amp;rft.aufirst=Priberam+Inform%C3%A1tica&amp;rft.aulast=S.A&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Dicion%C3%A1rio+Priberam&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdicionario.priberam.org%2Fneoplasma&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">S.A, Priberam Informática. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dicionario.priberam.org/neoplastia">«neoplastia»</a>. <i>Dicionário Priberam</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 22 de março de 2023</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ANeoplasia&amp;rft.atitle=neoplastia&amp;rft.aufirst=Priberam+Inform%C3%A1tica&amp;rft.aulast=S.A&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Dicion%C3%A1rio+Priberam&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdicionario.priberam.org%2Fneoplastia&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">S.A, Priberam Informática. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dicionario.priberam.org/tumor">«tumor»</a>. <i>Dicionário Priberam</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 22 de março de 2023</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ANeoplasia&amp;rft.atitle=tumor&amp;rft.aufirst=Priberam+Inform%C3%A1tica&amp;rft.aulast=S.A&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Dicion%C3%A1rio+Priberam&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdicionario.priberam.org%2Ftumor&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-1">b</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-2">c</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-3">d</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-4">e</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-5">f</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Marques, Carina (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-809738-0.00019-3">«Tumors of Bone»</a>. Elsevier: 639–717. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/978-0-12-809738-0" title="Especial:Fontes de livros/978-0-12-809738-0">978-0-12-809738-0</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 21 de junho de 2021</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ANeoplasia&amp;rft.atitle=Tumors+of+Bone&amp;rft.aufirst=Carina&amp;rft.aulast=Marques&amp;rft.date=2019&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-12-809738-0&amp;rft.pages=639-717&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1016%2Fb978-0-12-809738-0.00019-3&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-:1_8-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-:1_8-1">b</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-:1_8-2">c</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Vasconcelos, A. C. (2000). Patologia geral em hipertexto. <i>Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-titleWhat_is_neoplasm-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-titleWhat_is_neoplasm_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dictionary.webmd.com/terms/neoplasm">«Plasma Cell Neoplasms»</a>. WebMD. 16 de maio de 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 8 de janeiro de 2008</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ANeoplasia&amp;rft.btitle=Plasma+Cell+Neoplasms&amp;rft.date=2012-05-16&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=WebMD&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdictionary.webmd.com%2Fterms%2Fneoplasm&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Willis, RA (1952). <i>The Spread of Tumors in the Human Body</i>. London: Butterworth</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ANeoplasia&amp;rft.aufirst=RA&amp;rft.aulast=Willis&amp;rft.btitle=The+Spread+of+Tumors+in+the+Human+Body&amp;rft.date=1952&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.place=London&amp;rft.pub=Butterworth&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-titleCancer_-_Activity_1_-_Glossário,_página_4_of_5-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-titleCancer_-_Activity_1_-_Glossário,_página_4_of_5_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080509064024/http://science.education.nih.gov/supplements/nih1/cancer/other/glossary/act1-gloss4.htm#">«Cancer - Activity 1 - Glossary, page 4 of 5»</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 23 de janeiro de 2014</span>. Arquivado do <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://science.education.nih.gov/supplements/nih1/cancer/other/glossary/act1-gloss4.htm">original</a> em 9 de maio de 2008</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ANeoplasia&amp;rft.btitle=Cancer+-+Activity+1+-+Glossary%2C+page+4+of+5&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscience.education.nih.gov%2Fsupplements%2Fnih1%2Fcancer%2Fother%2Fglossary%2Fact1-gloss4.htm&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Abrams-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Abrams_12-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Abrams, Gerald. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://open.umich.edu/education/med/m1/patientspop-genetics/fall2008/materials">«Neoplasia I»</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 23 de janeiro de 2014</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ANeoplasia&amp;rft.aufirst=Gerald&amp;rft.aulast=Abrams&amp;rft.btitle=Neoplasia+I&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fopen.umich.edu%2Feducation%2Fmed%2Fm1%2Fpatientspop-genetics%2Ffall2008%2Fmaterials&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Ambrosi D, Mollica F (2002). «On the mechanics of a growing tumor». <i>International Journal of Engineering Science</i>. <b>40</b> (12): 1297–316. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2FS0020-7225%2802%2900014-9">10.1016/S0020-7225(02)00014-9</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ANeoplasia&amp;rft.atitle=On+the+mechanics+of+a+growing+tumor&amp;rft.au=Ambrosi+D%2C+Mollica+F&amp;rft.date=2002&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=12&amp;rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Engineering+Science&amp;rft.pages=1297-316&amp;rft.volume=40&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0020-7225%2802%2900014-9&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid16793355-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-pmid16793355_14-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Volokh KY (2006). «Stresses in growing soft tissues». <i>Acta Biomater</i>. <b>2</b> (5): 493–504. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16793355">16793355</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.actbio.2006.04.002">10.1016/j.actbio.2006.04.002</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ANeoplasia&amp;rft.atitle=Stresses+in+growing+soft+tissues&amp;rft.au=Volokh+KY&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=5&amp;rft.jtitle=Acta+Biomater&amp;rft.pages=493-504&amp;rft.volume=2&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.actbio.2006.04.002&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16793355&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CH-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-CH_15-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <cite class="citation journal">Otake, Andréia Hanada; Chammas, Roger; Zatz, Roberto (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150912071703/http://cienciahoje.uol.com.br/revista-ch/revista-ch-2006/223/pdf_aberto/cancer.pdf">«Novos alvos na luta contra o câncer»</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>Ciência Hoje</i>. <b>38</b> (223). 31&#160;páginas<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 26 de novembro de 2014</span>. Arquivado do <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cienciahoje.uol.com.br/revista-ch/revista-ch-2006/223/pdf_aberto/cancer.pdf">original</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> em 12 de setembro de 2015</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ANeoplasia&amp;rft.atitle=Novos+alvos+na+luta+contra+o+c%C3%A2ncer&amp;rft.au=Otake%2C+Andr%C3%A9ia+Hanada%3B+Chammas%2C+Roger%3B+Zatz%2C+Roberto&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=223&amp;rft.jtitle=Ci%C3%AAncia+Hoje&amp;rft.volume=38&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcienciahoje.uol.com.br%2Frevista-ch%2Frevista-ch-2006%2F223%2Fpdf_aberto%2Fcancer.pdf&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> !CS1 manut: Nomes múltiplos: lista de autores (<a href="/wiki/Categoria:!CS1_manut:_Nomes_m%C3%BAltiplos:_lista_de_autores" title="Categoria:!CS1 manut: Nomes múltiplos: lista de autores">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-:2_16-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-:2_16-1">b</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-:2_16-2">c</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-:2_16-3">d</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Ragsdale, Bruce D.; Campbell, Roselyn A.; Kirkpatrick, Casey L. (junho de 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpp.2017.02.002">«Neoplasm or not? General principles of morphologic analysis of dry bone specimens»</a>. <i>International Journal of Paleopathology</i>: 27–40. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1879-9817">1879-9817</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ijpp.2017.02.002">10.1016/j.ijpp.2017.02.002</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 21 de junho de 2021</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ANeoplasia&amp;rft.atitle=Neoplasm+or+not%3F+General+principles+of+morphologic+analysis+of+dry+bone+specimens&amp;rft.au=Campbell%2C+Roselyn+A.&amp;rft.au=Kirkpatrick%2C+Casey+L.&amp;rft.aufirst=Bruce+D.&amp;rft.aulast=Ragsdale&amp;rft.date=2018-06&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issn=1879-9817&amp;rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Paleopathology&amp;rft.pages=27-40&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1016%2Fj.ijpp.2017.02.002&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.ijpp.2017.02.002&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Assis, S.; Codinha, S. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oa.1084">«Metastatic carcinoma in a 14th-19th century skeleton from Constância (Portugal)»</a>. <i>International Journal of Osteoarchaeology</i>: n/a–n/a. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1047-482X">1047-482X</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1002%2Foa.1084">10.1002/oa.1084</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 21 de junho de 2021</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ANeoplasia&amp;rft.atitle=Metastatic+carcinoma+in+a+14th-19th+century+skeleton+from+Const%C3%A2ncia+%28Portugal%29&amp;rft.au=Codinha%2C+S.&amp;rft.aufirst=S.&amp;rft.aulast=Assis&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issn=1047-482X&amp;rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Osteoarchaeology&amp;rft.pages=n%2Fa-n%2Fa&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%2Foa.1084&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Foa.1084&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-:3_18-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-:3_18-1">b</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">ANTUNES-FERREIRA, NATHALIE; CUNHA, EUGÉNIA; MARQUES, CARINA (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1537/ase.140916">«Multiple osteochondromas in a 16th–19th century individual from Setúbal (Portugal)»</a>. <i>Anthropological Science</i> (3): 157–163. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0918-7960">0918-7960</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1537%2Fase.140916">10.1537/ase.140916</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 21 de junho de 2021</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ANeoplasia&amp;rft.atitle=Multiple+osteochondromas+in+a+16th%9319th+century+individual+from+Set%C3%BAbal+%28Portugal%29&amp;rft.au=CUNHA%2C+EUG%C3%89NIA&amp;rft.au=MARQUES%2C+CARINA&amp;rft.aufirst=NATHALIE&amp;rft.aulast=ANTUNES-FERREIRA&amp;rft.date=2014&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issn=0918-7960&amp;rft.issue=3&amp;rft.jtitle=Anthropological+Science&amp;rft.pages=157-163&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1537%2Fase.140916&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1537%2Fase.140916&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Wasterlain, S. N.; Ascenso, B. F.; Silva, A. M. (20 de novembro de 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oa.1130">«Skeletal metastatic carcinoma: A case from 15th-20th century Coimbra, Portugal»</a>. <i>International Journal of Osteoarchaeology</i> (3): 336–346. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1047-482X">1047-482X</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1002%2Foa.1130">10.1002/oa.1130</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 21 de junho de 2021</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ANeoplasia&amp;rft.atitle=Skeletal+metastatic+carcinoma%3A+A+case+from+15th-20th+century+Coimbra%2C+Portugal&amp;rft.au=Ascenso%2C+B.+F.&amp;rft.au=Silva%2C+A.+M.&amp;rft.aufirst=S.+N.&amp;rft.aulast=Wasterlain&amp;rft.date=2009-11-20&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issn=1047-482X&amp;rft.issue=3&amp;rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Osteoarchaeology&amp;rft.pages=336-346&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%2Foa.1130&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Foa.1130&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Marques, Carina; Matos, Vítor; Costa, Tiago; Zink, Albert; Cunha, Eugénia (junho de 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpp.2017.03.005">«Absence of evidence or evidence of absence? A discussion on paleoepidemiology of neoplasms with contributions from two Portuguese human skeletal reference collections (19th–20th century)»</a>. <i>International Journal of Paleopathology</i>: 83–95. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1879-9817">1879-9817</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ijpp.2017.03.005">10.1016/j.ijpp.2017.03.005</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 21 de junho de 2021</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ANeoplasia&amp;rft.atitle=Absence+of+evidence+or+evidence+of+absence%3F+A+discussion+on+paleoepidemiology+of+neoplasms+with+contributions+from+two+Portuguese+human+skeletal+reference+collections+%2819th%9320th+century%29&amp;rft.au=Costa%2C+Tiago&amp;rft.au=Cunha%2C+Eug%C3%A9nia&amp;rft.au=Matos%2C+V%C3tor&amp;rft.au=Zink%2C+Albert&amp;rft.aufirst=Carina&amp;rft.aulast=Marques&amp;rft.date=2018-06&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issn=1879-9817&amp;rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Paleopathology&amp;rft.pages=83-95&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1016%2Fj.ijpp.2017.03.005&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.ijpp.2017.03.005&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Marques, Carina; Santos, Ana Luísa; Cunha, Eugénia (28 de novembro de 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oa.1294">«Better a Broader Diagnosis Than a Misdiagnosis: The Study of a Neoplastic Condition in a Male Individual who Died in Early 20th Century (Coimbra, Portugal)»</a>. <i>International Journal of Osteoarchaeology</i> (6): 664–675. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1047-482X">1047-482X</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1002%2Foa.1294">10.1002/oa.1294</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 21 de junho de 2021</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ANeoplasia&amp;rft.atitle=Better+a+Broader+Diagnosis+Than+a+Misdiagnosis%3A+The+Study+of+a+Neoplastic+Condition+in+a+Male+Individual+who+Died+in+Early+20th+Century+%28Coimbra%2C+Portugal%29&amp;rft.au=Cunha%2C+Eug%C3%A9nia&amp;rft.au=Santos%2C+Ana+Lu%C3sa&amp;rft.aufirst=Carina&amp;rft.aulast=Marques&amp;rft.date=2011-11-28&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issn=1047-482X&amp;rft.issue=6&amp;rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Osteoarchaeology&amp;rft.pages=664-675&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%2Foa.1294&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Foa.1294&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Brothwell, Don (8 de agosto de 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444345940.ch23">«Tumors: Problems of Differential Diagnosis in Paleopathology»</a>. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell: 420–433. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/978-1-4443-4594-0" title="Especial:Fontes de livros/978-1-4443-4594-0">978-1-4443-4594-0</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 21 de junho de 2021</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ANeoplasia&amp;rft.atitle=Tumors%3A+Problems+of+Differential+Diagnosis+in+Paleopathology&amp;rft.aufirst=Don&amp;rft.aulast=Brothwell&amp;rft.date=2012-08-08&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-4443-4594-0&amp;rft.pages=420-433&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%2F9781444345940.ch23&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐f69cdc8f6‐mdz77 Cached time: 20241123115425 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.381 seconds Real time usage: 0.456 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3903/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 57603/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 5754/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 30655/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.119/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3708382/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 390.678 1 -total 54.80% 214.089 1 Predefinição:Info/Doença 53.57% 209.272 1 Predefinição:Info 38.10% 148.830 1 Predefinição:Referências 15.64% 61.100 8 Predefinição:Citar_web 11.62% 45.416 11 Predefinição:Citar_periódico 6.83% 26.672 3 Predefinição:Valor_Wikidata 5.88% 22.957 1 Predefinição:Info/coordx 5.09% 19.899 1 Predefinição:Info/CoordStr 4.59% 17.945 1 Predefinição:Coor_dms/str --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key ptwiki:pcache:idhash:1142674-0!canonical and timestamp 20241123115425 and revision id 67796302. 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