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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Bilateral relations</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse;"><caption class="infobox-title">Myanmar–North Korea relations</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Myanmar_North_Korea_Locator.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Map indicating locations of Myanmar and North Korea"><img alt="Map indicating locations of Myanmar and North Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Myanmar_North_Korea_Locator.png/250px-Myanmar_North_Korea_Locator.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="284" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0f/Myanmar_North_Korea_Locator.png 1.5x" data-file-width="288" data-file-height="327" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightgrey"></th></tr><tr style="height:0.6em"> <td style="background:#339933;"></td> <td style="background:#E08020;"></td> </tr><tr> <th scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/45px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/68px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/90px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a></th> <th scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center; border-left:thin solid lightgrey;"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/60px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/90px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/120px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a></th> </tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> (Burma) and <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a> established bilateral <a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Diplomatic relations">diplomatic relations</a> in May 1975. The history of contacts between the two countries goes back to 1948, the year of the declaration of Burmese independence. Initially, however, Burma under <a href="/wiki/U_Nu" title="U Nu">U Nu</a> favored <a href="/wiki/Syngman_Rhee" title="Syngman Rhee">Syngman Rhee</a>'s government in the south of Korea. During and after the <a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a>, Burma balanced the interest of North and <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a>, taking into consideration the position of China. After the 1975 establishment of diplomatic relations Burma began to shift toward North Korea, which was also nominally socialist and equally wary of Western imperialism.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESelth20045_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESelth20045-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Rangoon_bombing" title="Rangoon bombing">Rangoon bombing</a> on 9 October 1983 was a turning point in Myanmar–North Korea relations. Once it found out that North Koreans were behind the attack, Myanmar cut off diplomatic relations and went as far as withdrawing formal recognition of the country. Relations began to recover during the years of the <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_Policy" title="Sunshine Policy">Sunshine Policy</a> when South Korea encouraged the North's rapprochement with Myanmar. Strategic considerations brought Myanmar and North Korea even closer. Myanmar had natural resources that North Korea needed, and North Korea began supplying Myanmar with military technology. Diplomatic relations were restored on 25 April 2007. </p><p>Military cooperation between North Korea and Myanmar deepened into cooperation with nuclear issues. Myanmar is believed to operate a nuclear weapons program that seeks to emulate the success of North Korea's nuclear weapons capability. The program is supported by North Korean training and equipment. Although the <a href="/wiki/2011%E2%80%932015_Myanmar_political_reforms" title="2011–2015 Myanmar political reforms">2011–2015 Myanmar political reforms</a> have led to the cancellation or downgrading of military ties, reports on suspicious activities have continued as of 2018<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Myanmar%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Myanmar%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Period_of_good_relations">Period of good relations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Myanmar%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Period of good relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_ceremony_celebration_the_relations_between_Burma_and_DPRK,_c.1970s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/A_ceremony_celebration_the_relations_between_Burma_and_DPRK%2C_c.1970s.jpg/220px-A_ceremony_celebration_the_relations_between_Burma_and_DPRK%2C_c.1970s.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/A_ceremony_celebration_the_relations_between_Burma_and_DPRK%2C_c.1970s.jpg/330px-A_ceremony_celebration_the_relations_between_Burma_and_DPRK%2C_c.1970s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/A_ceremony_celebration_the_relations_between_Burma_and_DPRK%2C_c.1970s.jpg/440px-A_ceremony_celebration_the_relations_between_Burma_and_DPRK%2C_c.1970s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2322" data-file-height="1885" /></a><figcaption>A ceremony celebration the relations between Burma and DPRK, c.1970s</figcaption></figure> <p>Burma (<a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a>) and <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a> already had some contacts in 1948 when Burma became independent. <a href="/wiki/U_Nu" title="U Nu">U Nu</a>'s government, however, voted in favor of the motion in the <a href="/wiki/UN" class="mw-redirect" title="UN">UN</a> that recognized <a href="/wiki/Syngman_Rhee" title="Syngman Rhee">Syngman Rhee</a>'s government as the legitimate government over all of Korea.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESelth20041_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESelth20041-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Burma, however, refused to recognize either state and wished to see a peaceful solution to the nascent <a href="/wiki/Korean_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="Korean crisis">Korean crisis</a>. After the <a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a> broke out, Burma enforced the <a href="/wiki/UN_Security_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="UN Security Council">UN Security Council</a> resolution that labeled North Korea as the aggressor. This perceived "<a href="/wiki/Anti-communist" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-communist">anti-communist</a>" stance of Burma perplexed many, because Burma was seen as a country with a non-aligned orientation. Burma did, however, not send troops to fight in Korea.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESelth20042_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESelth20042-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the Korean War escalated and China got involved, Burma with its long border with China, was forced to change its tone. Burma became the only non-communist country along with India not to vote for a motion that recognized China as another aggressor of the Korean War.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESelth20043_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESelth20043-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the war, Burma began to develop contacts in both Koreas on an unofficial setting. By 1961, there were non-ambassadorial consulates of both Koreas in Burma. Burma established formal diplomatic relations with both Koreas in May 1975, after <a href="/wiki/Ne_Win" title="Ne Win">Ne Win</a> had taken power. During the 1970s and 1980s, North and South Korea were fighting for legitimacy in the international arena. This was also reflected in the countries' relations with Burma when both tried to match each other's outreach efforts. Both would match each other's delegations', friendship groups' and cultural troupes' visits to Burma. For the Burmese, these efforts were seen as a nuisance and a strain on its resources, but it sought to treat both Koreas evenly.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESelth20044_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESelth20044-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Relations with North Korea, however, developed to a more cordial level. Both were nominally socialist states and they shared a suspicion of Western imperialism.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESelth20045_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESelth20045-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Burma and North Korea also cooperated through the <a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Non-Aligned Movement">Non-Aligned Movement</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Steinberg_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Steinberg-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the same time, however, North Korea supported Burmese anti-government guerrilla groups, particularly the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Burma" title="Communist Party of Burma">Communist Party of Burma</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESelth20045_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESelth20045-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has been alleged that it was personally important for <a href="/wiki/Kim_Il_Sung" title="Kim Il Sung">Kim Il Sung</a> to support communist revolutionaries. Alternatively, it has been theorised Kim might have wanted to destabilize the Burmese government to please China for political gain.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESelth20047_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESelth20047-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rangoon_bombing_and_aftermath">Rangoon bombing and aftermath</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Myanmar%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Rangoon bombing and aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Rangoon_bombing" title="Rangoon bombing">Rangoon bombing</a> took place on 9 October 1983 when three North Korean agents placed a bomb in the <a href="/wiki/Martyrs%27_Mausoleum" title="Martyrs' Mausoleum">Martyrs' Mausoleum</a> in Rangoon (<a href="/wiki/Yangon" title="Yangon">Yangon</a>). The bomb killed 21 people, including four cabinet ministers of the President of South Korea, <a href="/wiki/Chun_Doo-hwan" title="Chun Doo-hwan">Chun Doo-hwan</a>, who was visiting the country. The president himself narrowly escaped. The authorities of Myanmar hunted down the agents, killing one and capturing two, who were sentenced to death.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeekins2017c452_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESeekins2017c452-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ne Win was angered over the embarrassment that faced him and felt personally betrayed by Kim Il Sung.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESelth200410_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESelth200410-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Myanmar expelled North Korean officials,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWertzOhKim20165_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWertzOhKim20165-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> immediately cut off diplomatic relations and formally withdrew its recognition of the North Korean state on 11 November.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeekins2017c452_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESeekins2017c452-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHoare2012bxxxvi_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoare2012bxxxvi-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> North Korea conducted another act of <a href="/wiki/State_terrorism" title="State terrorism">state terrorism</a> when its agents planted a bomb on <a href="/wiki/Korean_Air_Flight_858" title="Korean Air Flight 858">Korean Air Flight 858</a>, which exploded near Myanmar over the <a href="/wiki/Andaman_Sea" title="Andaman Sea">Andaman Sea</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHoare2012a44_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoare2012a44-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Restoration_of_relations">Restoration of relations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Myanmar%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Restoration of relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Relations gradually began improving and during the years of the <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_Policy" title="Sunshine Policy">Sunshine Policy</a> South Korea encouraged their restoration.<sup id="cite_ref-Steinberg_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Steinberg-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Kanbawza Win: "Self-interest has brought the two countries back together[.] North Korea benefited from Burma's natural resources, such as oil, gas and timber while Burma's rulers need access to military equipment, which has been blocked by US and European sanctions."<sup id="cite_ref-asia_The4_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-asia_The4-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 25 April 2007,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHoare2012bl_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoare2012bl-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/State_Peace_and_Development_Council" title="State Peace and Development Council">State Peace and Development Council</a> (SPDC) that had risen to power following the <a href="/wiki/8888_Uprising" title="8888 Uprising">8888 Uprising</a>, finally formally restored the relations.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeekins2017b307_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESeekins2017b307-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Shwe_Mann" title="Shwe Mann">Shwe Mann</a> visited <a href="/wiki/Pyongyang" title="Pyongyang">Pyongyang</a> the following year in secret.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeekins2017b308_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESeekins2017b308-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Steinberg_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Steinberg-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is said to have signed a memorandum of understanding about further military cooperation with the two countries.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeekins2017b308_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESeekins2017b308-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>North Korea began to support the SPDC by supplying weapons. These included and small arms ammunition, 130 mm field guns, and ship mounted surface-to-surface missiles. North Korean freighters would frequent the ports of Myanmar and technicians would visit the country, including at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Monkey_Point_(Myanmar)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monkey Point (Myanmar) (page does not exist)">Monkey Point</a> naval facility in Yangon.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeekins2017b307_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESeekins2017b307-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Naypyidaw" title="Naypyidaw">Naypyidaw</a>, North Korean military engineers constructed shelters for the <a href="/wiki/Tatmadaw" title="Tatmadaw">Tatmadaw</a>. There were plans to buy a North Korean submarine. These activities caused international alarm.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeekins2017b307_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESeekins2017b307-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cooperation_on_nuclear_issues">Cooperation on nuclear issues</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Myanmar%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Cooperation on nuclear issues"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Myanmar and North Korea are believed to cooperate on nuclear issues with the goal of a nuclear weapons program of Myanmar.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBechtol2009110_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBechtol2009110-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The military of Myanmar was motivated because it "couldn't help but notice how North Korea stood up to the US, a harsh critic of the Burmese regime, mainly due to its nuclear program." There is, however, skepticism in the international community regarding the issue because similar accusations concerning Iraq were proven false.<sup id="cite_ref-yale_Burm_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yale_Burm-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2003, Myanmar sent 30 officials to North Korea to study reactor technology.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBechtol2009110_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBechtol2009110-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another possibility is that they went to North Korea to train using missiles, which Myanmar wanted to buy from the country but could not afford at that point.<sup id="cite_ref-yale_Burm_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yale_Burm-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The SPDC has contemplated purchasing an entire nuclear reactor from North Korea.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeekins2017b308_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESeekins2017b308-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2006, they started buying from North Korea tools required to construct a reactor. North Korea has bought <a href="/wiki/Uranium" title="Uranium">uranium</a> from Myanmar, which in turn has purchased North Korean equipment for <a href="/wiki/Uranium_enrichment" class="mw-redirect" title="Uranium enrichment">uranium enrichment</a> and <a href="/wiki/Plutonium" title="Plutonium">plutonium</a> production. North Korean nuclear experts are working in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tha_Beik_Kyin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tha Beik Kyin (page does not exist)">Tha Beik Kyin</a> area of Myanmar.<sup id="cite_ref-asia_The4_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-asia_The4-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The North Korean cargo ship <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=MV_Bong_Hoafan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MV Bong Hoafan (page does not exist)">MV Bong Hoafan</a></i> was seen in a port of Myanmar in November 2006. Officially, she was sheltering from a storm, but foreign diplomats were concerned about the ship's presence. Next year, just days after diplomatic relations were restored, another North Korean ship, the <i><a href="/wiki/Kang_Nam_1" title="Kang Nam 1">Kang Nam 1</a></i>, arrived at <a href="/wiki/Thilawa_Port" title="Thilawa Port">Thilawa Port</a>. She too was said to shelter from a strom, but after two Burmese journalists hired by a Japanese news agency investigated the ship, they were detained. It is possible that the ship was visiting Myanmar in connection to the country's nuclear program.<sup id="cite_ref-yale_Burm_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yale_Burm-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2008, the US blocked the flight of an <a href="/wiki/Air_Koryo" title="Air Koryo">Air Koryo</a> <a href="/wiki/Ilyushin_Il-62" title="Ilyushin Il-62">Ilyushin Il-62</a> from a stopover in <a href="/wiki/Mandalay" title="Mandalay">Mandalay</a> in Myanmar to Iran,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBechtol2009110_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBechtol2009110-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-yale_Burm_18-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yale_Burm-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> believing it was carrying gyroscopes for missile guidance systems.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBechtol2009110_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBechtol2009110-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In January 2009, a weapons specialist from North Korean died in Myanmar while working on a secret project in <a href="/wiki/Meiktila" title="Meiktila">Meiktila</a>. His remains were quickly repatriated.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBechtol2009110_17-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBechtol2009110-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In June that year, tensions mounted as a US navy ship followed a North Korean vessel near the port of Yangon.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeekins2017axxxiii_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESeekins2017axxxiii-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Myanmar is relying on North Korea for nuclear cooperation because it is worried about ties with Russia. In the eventuality that <a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Myanmar–Russia relations">its relationship with Russia</a> deteriorates, North Korea will remain an important ally in nuclear matters.<sup id="cite_ref-asia_The4_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-asia_The4-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> China, friendly with both Myanmar and North Korea, has not commented negatively on the possible nuclear cooperation between the two states.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With the <a href="/wiki/2011%E2%80%932015_Myanmar_political_reforms" title="2011–2015 Myanmar political reforms">2011–2015 Myanmar political reforms</a>, military ties have been either downgraded or cut.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeekins2017b308_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESeekins2017b308-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2018, however, the UN found that North Korea is selling ballistic and surface-to-air missiles and other weapons to Myanmar through its weapons export arm <a href="/wiki/Korea_Mining_and_Development_Trading_Corporation" title="Korea Mining and Development Trading Corporation">Korea Mining and Development Trading Corporation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-alja_Nort_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-alja_Nort-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Myanmar_and_North_Korea_in_Asia">Myanmar and North Korea in Asia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Myanmar%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Myanmar and North Korea in Asia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Condi_Rice.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Condi_Rice.jpg/220px-Condi_Rice.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="313" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/40/Condi_Rice.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="275" data-file-height="391" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Condoleezza_Rice" title="Condoleezza Rice">Condoleezza Rice</a> called both countries "<a href="/wiki/Outposts_of_tyranny" title="Outposts of tyranny">outposts of tyranny</a>" in 2005.</figcaption></figure> <p>There is a North Korean embassy in Myanmar.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWertzOhKim20162_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWertzOhKim20162-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Myanmar is one of the top-10 recipients of exports from North Korea.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaggardNoland2010554_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaggardNoland2010554-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Myanmar–North Korea relations have affected Myanmar's relations with countries such as the United States and Japan. These countries have supported normalization of relations among themselves and Myanmar so as to deter North Korea from gaining an ally in Southeast Asia.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeekins2017b308_16-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESeekins2017b308-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> Myanmar and North Korea are often compared to one another. Both neighbor China,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAbrahamian20182_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbrahamian20182-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> both are heavily militarized societies with ongoing conflict, and with isolationist policies.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAbrahamian20183_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbrahamian20183-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2005, US Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/Condoleezza_Rice" title="Condoleezza Rice">Condoleezza Rice</a> included both under the term "<a href="/wiki/Outposts_of_tyranny" title="Outposts of tyranny">outposts of tyranny</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAbrahamian20182_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbrahamian20182-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Myanmar has, in the words of, Michael Green and <a href="/wiki/Derek_J._Mitchell" title="Derek J. Mitchell">Derek Mitchell</a> "interest in following the model of North Korea and achieving military autarky by developing ballistic missiles and nuclear weapons".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBechtol2009110_17-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBechtol2009110-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to American historian <a href="/wiki/David_I._Steinberg" title="David I. Steinberg">David I. Steinberg</a>, both countries share a trait of nationalism rooted in insecurity and vulnerability. This characteristics explain, for instance, why the two countries, at one point, decide to change their time-zones to deviate from the international norm by half an hour.<sup id="cite_ref-Steinberg_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Steinberg-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Myanmar%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/32px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/48px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/64px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Myanmar" title="Portal:Myanmar">Myanmar portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/32px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/48px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/64px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:North_Korea" title="Portal:North Korea">North Korea portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Myanmar" title="Foreign relations of Myanmar">Foreign relations of Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_North_Korea" title="Foreign relations of North Korea">Foreign relations of North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction" title="Myanmar and weapons of mass destruction">Myanmar and weapons of mass destruction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%27s_illicit_activities" class="mw-redirect" title="North Korea's illicit activities">North Korea's illicit activities</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Myanmar%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESelth20045-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESelth20045_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESelth20045_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESelth20045_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSelth2004">Selth 2004</a>, p. 5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESelth20041-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESelth20041_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSelth2004">Selth 2004</a>, p. 1.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESelth20042-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESelth20042_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSelth2004">Selth 2004</a>, p. 2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESelth20043-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESelth20043_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSelth2004">Selth 2004</a>, p. 3.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESelth20044-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESelth20044_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSelth2004">Selth 2004</a>, p. 4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Steinberg-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Steinberg_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Steinberg_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Steinberg_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Steinberg_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSteinberg2015" class="citation web cs1">Steinberg, David I. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Nikkei+Asian+Review&rft.atitle=Why+Myanmar%2C+North+Korea+are+keeping+their+own+time&rft.date=2015-08-11&rft.aulast=Steinberg&rft.aufirst=David+I.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fasia.nikkei.com%2FPolitics%2FWhy-Myanmar-North-Korea-are-keeping-their-own-time&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMyanmar%E2%80%93North+Korea+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESelth20047-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESelth20047_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSelth2004">Selth 2004</a>, p. 7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESeekins2017c452-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeekins2017c452_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeekins2017c452_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSeekins2017c">Seekins 2017c</a>, p. 452.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESelth200410-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESelth200410_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSelth2004">Selth 2004</a>, p. 10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWertzOhKim20165-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWertzOhKim20165_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWertzOhKim2016">Wertz, Oh & Kim 2016</a>, p. 5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoare2012bxxxvi-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHoare2012bxxxvi_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHoare2012b">Hoare 2012b</a>, p. xxxvi.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoare2012a44-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHoare2012a44_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHoare2012a">Hoare 2012a</a>, p. 44.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-asia_The4-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-asia_The4_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-asia_The4_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-asia_The4_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWin2008" class="citation web cs1">Win, Kanbawza (21 October 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.asiantribune.com/?q=node/13797">"The 4th Burmese Empire with Nuclear Weapon"</a>. <i>Asian Tribune</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Asian+Tribune&rft.atitle=The+4th+Burmese+Empire+with+Nuclear+Weapon&rft.date=2008-10-21&rft.aulast=Win&rft.aufirst=Kanbawza&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.asiantribune.com%2F%3Fq%3Dnode%2F13797&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMyanmar%E2%80%93North+Korea+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHoare2012bl-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHoare2012bl_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHoare2012b">Hoare 2012b</a>, p. l.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESeekins2017b307-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeekins2017b307_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeekins2017b307_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeekins2017b307_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSeekins2017b">Seekins 2017b</a>, p. 307.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESeekins2017b308-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeekins2017b308_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeekins2017b308_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeekins2017b308_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeekins2017b308_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeekins2017b308_16-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSeekins2017b">Seekins 2017b</a>, p. 308.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBechtol2009110-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBechtol2009110_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBechtol2009110_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBechtol2009110_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBechtol2009110_17-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBechtol2009110_17-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBechtol2009110_17-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBechtol2009">Bechtol 2009</a>, p. 110.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-yale_Burm-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-yale_Burm_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-yale_Burm_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-yale_Burm_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-yale_Burm_18-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLintner2008" class="citation web cs1">Lintner, Bertil (3 December 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201026115126/https://yaleglobal.yale.edu/content/burmas-nuclear-temptation">"Burma's Nuclear Temptation"</a>. <i>YaleGlobal Online</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YaleGlobal+Online&rft.atitle=Burma%27s+Nuclear+Temptation&rft.date=2008-12-03&rft.aulast=Lintner&rft.aufirst=Bertil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fyaleglobal.yale.edu%2Fcontent%2Fburmas-nuclear-temptation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMyanmar%E2%80%93North+Korea+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESeekins2017axxxiii-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESeekins2017axxxiii_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSeekins2017a">Seekins 2017a</a>, p. xxxiii.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNantoManyin2010" class="citation book cs1">Nanto, Dick K.; Manyin, Mark E. 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Washington: Congressional Research Service. p. 4. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/698509823">698509823</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=China-North+Korea+Relations&rft.place=Washington&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=Congressional+Research+Service&rft.date=2010-12-28&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F698509823&rft.aulast=Nanto&rft.aufirst=Dick+K.&rft.au=Manyin%2C+Mark+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffas.org%2Fsgp%2Fcrs%2Frow%2FR41043.pdf%23page%3D7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMyanmar%E2%80%93North+Korea+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-alja_Nort-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-alja_Nort_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2018/02/north-korea-arming-syria-myanmar-report-180203064444145.html">"North Korea arming Syria, Myanmar: UN report"</a>. Al Jazeera. AFP. 3 February 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=North+Korea+arming+Syria%2C+Myanmar%3A+UN+report&rft.pub=Al+Jazeera&rft.date=2018-02-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2018%2F02%2Fnorth-korea-arming-syria-myanmar-report-180203064444145.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMyanmar%E2%80%93North+Korea+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWertzOhKim20162-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWertzOhKim20162_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWertzOhKim2016">Wertz, Oh & Kim 2016</a>, p. 2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaggardNoland2010554-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaggardNoland2010554_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHaggardNoland2010">Haggard & Noland 2010</a>, p. 554.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbrahamian20182-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAbrahamian20182_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAbrahamian20182_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAbrahamian2018">Abrahamian 2018</a>, p. 2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbrahamian20183-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAbrahamian20183_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAbrahamian2018">Abrahamian 2018</a>, p. 3.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Works_cited">Works cited</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Myanmar%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Works cited"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbrahamian2018" class="citation book cs1">Abrahamian, Andray (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BJ1GDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA2"><i>North Korea and Myanmar: Divergent Paths</i></a>. Jefferson: McFarland. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4766-3200-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4766-3200-1"><bdi>978-1-4766-3200-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=North+Korea+and+Myanmar%3A+Divergent+Paths&rft.place=Jefferson&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1-4766-3200-1&rft.aulast=Abrahamian&rft.aufirst=Andray&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBJ1GDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMyanmar%E2%80%93North+Korea+relations" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBechtol2009" class="citation journal cs1">Bechtol, Bruce E. (2009). "Creating Instability in Dangerous Global Regions: North Korean Proliferation and Support to Terrorism in the Middle East and South Asia". <i>Comparative Strategy</i>. <b>28</b> (2): 99–115. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F01495930902799699">10.1080/01495930902799699</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0149-5933">0149-5933</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:154986858">154986858</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Comparative+Strategy&rft.atitle=Creating+Instability+in+Dangerous+Global+Regions%3A+North+Korean+Proliferation+and+Support+to+Terrorism+in+the+Middle+East+and+South+Asia&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=99-115&rft.date=2009&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A154986858%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0149-5933&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F01495930902799699&rft.aulast=Bechtol&rft.aufirst=Bruce+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMyanmar%E2%80%93North+Korea+relations" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaggardNoland2010" class="citation journal cs1">Haggard, Stephan; Noland, Marcus (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.piie.com/publications/working-papers/sanctioning-north-korea-political-economy-denuclearization-and">"Sanctioning North Korea: The Political Economy of Denuclearization and Proliferation"</a>. <i>Asian Survey</i>. <b>50</b> (3): 539–568. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1525%2Fas.2010.50.3.539">10.1525/as.2010.50.3.539</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0004-4687">0004-4687</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asian+Survey&rft.atitle=Sanctioning+North+Korea%3A+The+Political+Economy+of+Denuclearization+and+Proliferation&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=539-568&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1525%2Fas.2010.50.3.539&rft.issn=0004-4687&rft.aulast=Haggard&rft.aufirst=Stephan&rft.au=Noland%2C+Marcus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.piie.com%2Fpublications%2Fworking-papers%2Fsanctioning-north-korea-political-economy-denuclearization-and&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMyanmar%E2%80%93North+Korea+relations" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoare2012a" class="citation book cs1">Hoare, James E. (2012a). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rh5h4bZgkhEC&pg=PA44">"Andaman Sea Bombing"</a>. <i>Historical Dictionary of Democratic People's Republic of Korea</i>. Lanham: Scarecrow Press. p. 44. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-7987-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-7987-4"><bdi>978-0-8108-7987-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Andaman+Sea+Bombing&rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+Democratic+People%27s+Republic+of+Korea&rft.place=Lanham&rft.pages=44&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-8108-7987-4&rft.aulast=Hoare&rft.aufirst=James+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Drh5h4bZgkhEC%26pg%3DPA44&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMyanmar%E2%80%93North+Korea+relations" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoare2012b" class="citation book cs1">— (2012b). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rh5h4bZgkhEC&pg=PR36">"Chronology"</a>. <i>Historical Dictionary of Democratic People's Republic of Korea</i>. Lanham: Scarecrow Press. pp. xxvii–lx. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-7987-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-7987-4"><bdi>978-0-8108-7987-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chronology&rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+Democratic+People%27s+Republic+of+Korea&rft.place=Lanham&rft.pages=xxvii-lx&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-8108-7987-4&rft.aulast=Hoare&rft.aufirst=James+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Drh5h4bZgkhEC%26pg%3DPR36&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMyanmar%E2%80%93North+Korea+relations" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeekins2017a" class="citation book cs1">Seekins, Donald M. (2017a). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Nmc2DgAAQBAJ&pg=PR33">"Chronology"</a>. <i>Historical Dictionary of Burma (Myanmar)</i> (2nd ed.). Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. pp. xxv–xxxv. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-5381-0183-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-5381-0183-4"><bdi>978-1-5381-0183-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chronology&rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+Burma+%28Myanmar%29&rft.place=Lanham&rft.pages=xxv-xxxv&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield+Publishers&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1-5381-0183-4&rft.aulast=Seekins&rft.aufirst=Donald+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNmc2DgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPR33&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMyanmar%E2%80%93North+Korea+relations" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeekins2017b" class="citation book cs1">— (2017b). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Nmc2DgAAQBAJ&pg=PA307">"Korea, Democratic People's Republic of (North Korea), Relations with"</a>. <i>Historical Dictionary of Burma (Myanmar)</i> (2nd ed.). Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. pp. 307–308. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-5381-0183-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-5381-0183-4"><bdi>978-1-5381-0183-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Korea%2C+Democratic+People%27s+Republic+of+%28North+Korea%29%2C+Relations+with&rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+Burma+%28Myanmar%29&rft.place=Lanham&rft.pages=307-308&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield+Publishers&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1-5381-0183-4&rft.aulast=Seekins&rft.aufirst=Donald+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNmc2DgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA307&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMyanmar%E2%80%93North+Korea+relations" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeekins2017c" class="citation book cs1">— (2017c). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Nmc2DgAAQBAJ&pg=PA452">"Rangoon Incident"</a>. <i>Historical Dictionary of Burma (Myanmar)</i> (2nd ed.). Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 452. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-5381-0183-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-5381-0183-4"><bdi>978-1-5381-0183-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Rangoon+Incident&rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+Burma+%28Myanmar%29&rft.place=Lanham&rft.pages=452&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield+Publishers&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1-5381-0183-4&rft.aulast=Seekins&rft.aufirst=Donald+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNmc2DgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA452&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMyanmar%E2%80%93North+Korea+relations" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSelth2004" class="citation book cs1">Selth, Andrew (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sdsc.bellschool.anu.edu.au/sites/default/files/publications/attachments/2016-03/154_Burma_s_north_korean_gambit__A_challenge_to_regional_security_by_Andrew_Selth%2C_76p_0.pdf#page=17"><i>Burma's North Korean Gambit: A Challenge to Regional Security?</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Canberra: Strategic and Defence Studies Centre, Australian National University. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7315-5441-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-7315-5441-8"><bdi>0-7315-5441-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Burma%27s+North+Korean+Gambit%3A+A+Challenge+to+Regional+Security%3F&rft.place=Canberra&rft.pub=Strategic+and+Defence+Studies+Centre%2C+Australian+National+University&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-7315-5441-8&rft.aulast=Selth&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsdsc.bellschool.anu.edu.au%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fpublications%2Fattachments%2F2016-03%2F154_Burma_s_north_korean_gambit__A_challenge_to_regional_security_by_Andrew_Selth%252C_76p_0.pdf%23page%3D17&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMyanmar%E2%80%93North+Korea+relations" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWertzOhKim2016" class="citation book cs1">Wertz, Daniel; Oh, JJ; Kim, Insung (August 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncnk.org/resources/publications/NCNK_Issue_Brief_DPRK_Diplomatic_Relations.pdf"><i>Issue Brief: DPRK Diplomatic Relations</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. The National Committee on North Korea. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161228074114/http://www.ncnk.org/resources/publications/NCNK_Issue_Brief_DPRK_Diplomatic_Relations.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 28 December 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 January</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Issue+Brief%3A+DPRK+Diplomatic+Relations&rft.pub=The+National+Committee+on+North+Korea&rft.date=2016-08&rft.aulast=Wertz&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.au=Oh%2C+JJ&rft.au=Kim%2C+Insung&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncnk.org%2Fresources%2Fpublications%2FNCNK_Issue_Brief_DPRK_Diplomatic_Relations.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMyanmar%E2%80%93North+Korea+relations" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Myanmar%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBabson2001" class="citation journal cs1">Babson, Bradley (2001). "Myanmar and North Korea: Informality in Asia's Pariah States". <i>SAIS Review</i>. <b>21</b> (1): 83–95. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fsais.2001.0003">10.1353/sais.2001.0003</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1088-3142">1088-3142</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:154129715">154129715</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SAIS+Review&rft.atitle=Myanmar+and+North+Korea%3A+Informality+in+Asia%27s+Pariah+States&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=83-95&rft.date=2001&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A154129715%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1088-3142&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1353%2Fsais.2001.0003&rft.aulast=Babson&rft.aufirst=Bradley&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMyanmar%E2%80%93North+Korea+relations" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoare2012" class="citation book cs1">Hoare, James E. (2012). "Myanmar, Relations with". <i>Historical Dictionary of Democratic People's Republic of Korea</i>. Lanham: Scarecrow Press. pp. 268–269. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-7987-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-7987-4"><bdi>978-0-8108-7987-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Myanmar%2C+Relations+with&rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+Democratic+People%27s+Republic+of+Korea&rft.place=Lanham&rft.pages=268-269&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-8108-7987-4&rft.aulast=Hoare&rft.aufirst=James+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMyanmar%E2%80%93North+Korea+relations" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSelth2010" class="citation journal cs1">Selth, Andrew (2010). "Burma and North Korea: conventional allies or nuclear partners?". <i>Australian Journal of International Affairs</i>. <b>64</b> (2): 145–165. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F10357710903544072">10.1080/10357710903544072</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1035-7718">1035-7718</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:154120854">154120854</a>.</cite><span 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relations">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Nepal_relations" title="Myanmar–Nepal relations">Nepal</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Myanmar–Pakistan relations">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Philippines_relations" title="Myanmar–Philippines relations">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_relations" title="Myanmar–Saudi Arabia relations">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Singapore_relations" title="Myanmar–Singapore relations">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93South_Korea_relations" title="Myanmar–South Korea relations">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Sri_Lanka_relations" title="Myanmar–Sri Lanka relations">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Myanmar–Taiwan relations">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Thailand_relations" title="Myanmar–Thailand relations">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Turkey_relations" title="Myanmar–Turkey relations">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Myanmar–Vietnam relations">Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Myanmar_relations" title="Denmark–Myanmar relations">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France%E2%80%93Myanmar_relations" title="France–Myanmar relations">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany%E2%80%93Myanmar_relations" title="Germany–Myanmar relations">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93Myanmar_relations" title="Holy See–Myanmar relations">Holy See</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Myanmar–Russia relations">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Serbia_relations" title="Myanmar–Serbia relations">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Myanmar–Ukraine relations">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations" title="Myanmar–United Kingdom relations">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burma%E2%80%93Yugoslavia_relations" title="Burma–Yugoslavia relations">Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diplomatic missions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Myanmar" title="List of diplomatic missions of Myanmar">Diplomatic missions of Myanmar</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Myanmar" title="List of diplomatic missions in Myanmar">in Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burmese_diaspora" title="Burmese diaspora">Burmese diaspora</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=North_Korea&#124;link=North_Korea_Foreign_relations_of_North_Korea" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link 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Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Korea.svg/46px-Flag_of_North_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_North_Korea" title="Foreign relations of North Korea">Foreign relations of North Korea</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Africa%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Africa–North Korea relations">Africa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Botswana%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Botswana–North Korea relations">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Burkina Faso–North Korea relations">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burundi%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Burundi–North Korea relations">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Central African Republic–North Korea relations">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comoros%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Comoros–North Korea relations">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Egypt–North Korea relations">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equatorial_Guinea%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Equatorial Guinea–North Korea relations">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambia%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Gambia–North Korea relations">Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Ghana–North Korea relations">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Guinea-Bissau–North Korea relations">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Kenya–North Korea relations">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Libya–North Korea relations">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritania%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Mauritania–North Korea relations">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namibia%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Namibia–North Korea relations">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigeria%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Nigeria–North Korea relations">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Rwanda_relations" title="North Korea–Rwanda relations">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Seychelles_relations" title="North Korea–Seychelles relations">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Somalia_relations" title="North Korea–Somalia relations">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93South_Africa_relations" title="North Korea–South Africa relations">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Tanzania_relations" title="North Korea–Tanzania relations">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Togo_relations" title="North Korea–Togo relations">Togo</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_North_Korea.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Emblem of North Korea"><img alt="Emblem of North Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Emblem_of_North_Korea.svg/90px-Emblem_of_North_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Emblem_of_North_Korea.svg/135px-Emblem_of_North_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Emblem_of_North_Korea.svg/180px-Emblem_of_North_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentina%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Argentina–North Korea relations">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazil%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Brazil–North Korea relations">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Canada–North Korea relations">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Cuba–North Korea relations">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenada%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Grenada–North Korea relations">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Mexico–North Korea relations">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Peru_relations" title="North Korea–Peru relations">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="North Korea–United States relations">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="North Korea–Venezuela relations">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Bangladesh–North Korea relations">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodia%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Cambodia–North Korea relations">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="China–North Korea relations">China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sino-Korean_relations" title="History of Sino-Korean relations">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Hong Kong–North Korea relations">Hong Kong</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="India–North Korea relations">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Indonesia–North Korea relations">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Iran–North Korea relations">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Iraq–North Korea relations">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Israel–North Korea relations">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Japan–North Korea relations">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Malaysia–North Korea relations">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolia%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Mongolia–North Korea relations">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepal%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Nepal–North Korea relations">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="North Korea–Pakistan relations">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Palestine_relations" title="North Korea–Palestine relations">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Philippines_relations" title="North Korea–Philippines relations">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Singapore_relations" title="North Korea–Singapore relations">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93South_Korea_relations" title="North Korea–South Korea relations">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Syria_relations" title="North Korea–Syria relations">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="North Korea–Taiwan relations">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Thailand_relations" title="North Korea–Thailand relations">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Turkey_relations" title="North Korea–Turkey relations">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="North Korea–Vietnam relations">Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Albania–North Korea relations">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Denmark–North Korea relations">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Finland–North Korea relations">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="France–North Korea relations">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Germany–North Korea relations">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Hungary–North Korea relations">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iceland%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Iceland–North Korea relations">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Italy–North Korea relations">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Norway_relations" title="North Korea–Norway relations">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Poland_relations" title="North Korea–Poland relations">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Portugal_relations" title="North Korea–Portugal relations">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Romania_relations" title="North Korea–Romania relations">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="North Korea–Russia relations">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Serbia_relations" title="North Korea–Serbia relations">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Spain_relations" title="North Korea–Spain relations">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Sweden_relations" title="North Korea–Sweden relations">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Switzerland_relations" title="North Korea–Switzerland relations">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="North Korea–Ukraine relations">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations" title="North Korea–United Kingdom relations">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Australia–North Korea relations">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="New Zealand–North Korea relations">New Zealand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Yugoslavia_relations" title="North Korea–Yugoslavia relations">Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Multilateralism" title="Multilateralism">Multilateral</a> relations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Korea_and_the_United_Nations" title="Korea and the United Nations">United Nations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Nations_Security_Council_resolutions_concerning_North_Korea" title="List of United Nations Security Council resolutions concerning North Korea">Security Council resolutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanctions_against_North_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanctions against North Korea">Sanctions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Conference_of_Ministers_of_Education_and_Culture_of_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="1983 Conference of Ministers of Education and Culture of the Non-Aligned Movement">1983 NAM Education and Culture Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="North Korea–European Union relations">European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-Korean_Liaison_Office" title="Inter-Korean Liaison Office">Inter-Korean Liaison Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-Korean_summits" title="Inter-Korean summits">Inter-Korean summits</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2000_inter-Korean_summit" title="2000 inter-Korean summit">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_inter-Korean_summit" title="2007 inter-Korean summit">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_2018_inter-Korean_summit" title="April 2018 inter-Korean summit">April 2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_2018_inter-Korean_summit" title="May 2018 inter-Korean summit">May 2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_2018_inter-Korean_summit" title="September 2018 inter-Korean summit">September 2018</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Six-party_talks" title="Six-party talks">Six-party talks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_North_Korea%E2%80%93United_States_Singapore_Summit" title="2018 North Korea–United States Singapore Summit">2018 North Korea–United States Singapore Summit</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_2018_North_Korea%E2%80%93United_States_summit" title="International reactions to the 2018 North Korea–United States summit">reactions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_North_Korea%E2%80%93United_States_Hanoi_Summit" title="2019 North Korea–United States Hanoi Summit">2019 North Korea–United States Hanoi Summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Koreas%E2%80%93United_States_DMZ_Summit" title="2019 Koreas–United States DMZ Summit">2019 Koreas–United States DMZ Summit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_North_Korea" title="List of diplomatic missions of North Korea">Diplomatic missions of</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_North_Korea" title="List of diplomatic missions in North Korea">in North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(North_Korea)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (North Korea)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a> (includes list of ministers)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Myanmar–North_Korea_relations&oldid=1252236558">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Myanmar–North_Korea_relations&oldid=1252236558</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Myanmar%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Category:Myanmar–North Korea relations">Myanmar–North Korea relations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Bilateral_relations_of_Myanmar" 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