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Turan</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Özlem Turan"> <meta name="keywords" content="Özlem Turan"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Özlem Turan"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 114</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Özlem Turan</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">114</span> Sustainable Food Systems and the Importance of Food Safety in Ensuring Sustainability</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%96zlem%20Turan">Özlem Turan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C5%9Eule%20Turhan"> Şule Turhan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> About 1 billion people in the world are suffering from hunger. Approximately 1.3 billion tons of produced food is wasted each year as well. While the waste of industrialized countries is 670 million tons per year, the waste per year in developing countries is estimated as 630 million tons. When evaluated in this respect, the importance of sustainability and food security can be seen clearly. Food safety is defined as taking the necessary measures and eliminating all risk arising from food. The goal of sustainable food security is, protection of consumer health, development of safe food and beverages trade nationally and internationally and to ensure reliable fair trade schemes. In this study, this study will focus on sustainable food systems and food security, by examining the food wastage and losses from environmental and economic point of views and the precautions that need to be taken will be discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food" title="food">food</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20safety" title=" food safety"> food safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20systems" title=" food systems"> food systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37290/sustainable-food-systems-and-the-importance-of-food-safety-in-ensuring-sustainability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37290.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">385</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">113</span> Logistic and Its Importance in Turkish Food Sector and an Analysis of the Logistics Sector in Turkey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C5%9Eule%20Turhan">Şule Turhan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%96zlem%20Turan"> Özlem Turan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Permanence in the international markets for many global companies is about being known as having effective logistics which targets customer satisfaction management and lower costs. Under competitive conditions, the necessity of providing the products to customers quickly and on time for the companies which constantly aim to improve their profitability increased the strategic importance of the logistics concept. Food logistic is one of the most difficult areas in logistics. In the process from manufacturer to final consumer, quality and hygiene standards must be provided constantly. In food logistics, reliable and extensive service network has great importance and on time delivery is the target. Developing logistics industry provide the supply of foods in the country and the development of export markets more quickly and has an important role in providing added value to the country's economy. Turkey that creates a bridge between the east and the west is an attractive market for logistics companies. In this study, by examining both the place and the importance of logistics in Turkish food sector, recommendations will be made for the food industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=logistics" title="logistics">logistics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turkish%20food%20industry" title=" Turkish food industry"> Turkish food industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=competition" title=" competition"> competition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20industry" title=" food industry"> food industry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37288/logistic-and-its-importance-in-turkish-food-sector-and-an-analysis-of-the-logistics-sector-in-turkey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37288.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">370</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">112</span> On the Relation between λ-Symmetries and μ-Symmetries of Partial Differential Equations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Teoman%20Ozer">Teoman Ozer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ozlem%20Orhan"> Ozlem Orhan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study deals with symmetry group properties and conservation laws of partial differential equations. We give a geometrical interpretation of notion of μ-prolongations of vector fields and of the related concept of μ-symmetry for partial differential equations. We show that these are in providing symmetry reduction of partial differential equations and systems and invariant solutions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%BB-symmetry" title="λ-symmetry">λ-symmetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%BC-symmetry" title=" μ-symmetry"> μ-symmetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classification" title=" classification"> classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=invariant%20solution" title=" invariant solution"> invariant solution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59662/on-the-relation-between-l-symmetries-and-m-symmetries-of-partial-differential-equations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59662.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">319</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">111</span> Calculation and Comparison of a Turbofan Engine Performance Parameters with Various Definitions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20Onal">O. Onal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20Turan"> O. Turan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, some performance parameters of a selected turbofan engine (JT9D) are analyzed. The engine is a high bypass turbofan engine which powers a wide-body aircraft and it produces 206 kN thrust force (thrust/weight ratio is 5.4). The objective parameters for the engine include calculation of power, specific fuel consumption, specific thrust, engine propulsive, thermal and overall efficiencies according to the various definitions given in the literature. Furthermore, in the case study, wasted energy from the exhaust is calculated at the maximum power setting (i.e. take off phase) for the engine. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbofan" title="turbofan">turbofan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power" title=" power"> power</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title=" efficiency"> efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trust" title=" trust"> trust</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51790/calculation-and-comparison-of-a-turbofan-engine-performance-parameters-with-various-definitions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51790.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">301</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">110</span> Effect of Serine/Threonine Kinases on Autophagy Mechanism</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ozlem%20Oral">Ozlem Oral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seval%20Kilic"> Seval Kilic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ozlem%20Yedier"> Ozlem Yedier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Serap%20Dokmeci"> Serap Dokmeci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Devrim%20Gozuacik"> Devrim Gozuacik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Autophagy is a degradation pathway, activating under stress conditions. It digests macromolecules, such as abnormal proteins and long-lived organelles by engulfing them and by subsequent delivery of the cargo to lysosomes. The members of the phospholipid-dependent serine/threonine kinases, involved in many signaling pathways, which are necessary for the regulation of cellular metabolic activation. Previous studies implicate that, serine/threonine kinases have crucial roles in the mechanism of many diseases depend on the activated and/or inactivated signaling pathway. Data indicates, the signaling pathways activated by serine/threonine kinases are also involved in activation of autophagy mechanism. However, the information about the effect of serine/threonine kinases on autophagy mechanism and the roles of these effects in disease formation is limited. In this study, we investigated the effect of activated serine/threonine kinases on autophagic pathway. We performed a commonly used autophagy technique, GFP-LC3 dot formation and by using microscopy analyses, we evaluated promotion and/or inhibition of autophagy in serine/threonine kinase-overexpressed fibroblasts as well as cancer cells. In addition, we carried out confocal microscopy analyses and examined autophagic flux by utilizing the differential pH sensitivities of RFP and GFP in mRFP-GFP-LC3 probe. Based on the shRNA-library based screening, we identified autophagy-related proteins affected by serine/threonine kinases. We further studied the involvement of serine/threonine kinases on the molecular mechanism of newly identified autophagy proteins and found that, autophagic pathway is indirectly controlled by serine/threonine kinases via specific autophagic proteins. Our data indicate the molecular connection between two critical cellular mechanisms, which have important roles in the formation of many disease pathologies, particularly cancer. This project is supported by TUBITAK-1001-Scientific and Technological Research Projects Funding Program, Project No: 114Z836. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autophagy" title="autophagy">autophagy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GFP-LC3%20dot%20formation%20assay" title=" GFP-LC3 dot formation assay"> GFP-LC3 dot formation assay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=serine%2Fthreonine%20kinases" title=" serine/threonine kinases"> serine/threonine kinases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shRNA-library%20screening" title=" shRNA-library screening"> shRNA-library screening</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50879/effect-of-serinethreonine-kinases-on-autophagy-mechanism" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50879.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">292</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">109</span> Relation of Mean Platelet Volume with Serum Paraoxonase-1 Activity and Brachial Artery Diameter and Intima Media Thickness in Diabetic Patients with Respect to Obesity and Diabetic Complications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P%C4%B1nar%20Karakaya">Pınar Karakaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meral%20Mert"> Meral Mert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yildiz%20Okuturlar"> Yildiz Okuturlar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Didem%20Acarer"> Didem Acarer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asuman%20Gedikbasi"> Asuman Gedikbasi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Filiz%20Islim"> Filiz Islim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Teslime%20Ayaz"> Teslime Ayaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ozlem%20Soyluk"> Ozlem Soyluk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ozlem%20Harmankaya"> Ozlem Harmankaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulbaki%20Kumbasar"> Abdulbaki Kumbasar </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: To evaluate the relation of mean platelet volume (MPV) levels with serum paraoxonase-1 activity and brachial artery diameter and intima media thickness in diabetic patients with respect to obesity and diabetic complications. Methods: A total of 201 diabetic patients grouped with respect to obesity [obese (n=89) and non-obese (n=112) and diabetic complications [with (n=50) or without (n=150) microvascular complications and with (n=91) or without (n=108) macrovascular complications] groups were included. Data on demographic and lifestyle characteristics of patients, anthropometric measurements, diabetes related microvascular and macrovascular complications, serum levels for MPV, bBrachial artery diameter and intima media thickness (IMT) and serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities were recorded. Correlation of MPV values to paraoxonase and arylesterase activities as well as to brachial artery diameter and IMT was evaluated in study groups. Results: Mean(SD) paraoxonase and arylesterase values were 119.8(37.5) U/L and 149.0(39.9) U/L, respectively in the overall population with no significant difference with respect to obesity and macrovascular diabetic complications, whereas significantly lower values for paraoxonase (107.5(30.7) vs. 123.9(38.8) U/L, p=0.007) and arylesterase (132.1(30.2) vs. 154.7(41.2) U/L, p=0.001) were noted in patients with than without diabetic microvascular complications. Mean(SD) MPV values were 9.10 (0.87) fL in the overall population with no significant difference with respect to obesity and diabetic complications. No significant correlation of MPV values to paraoxonase, arylesterase activities, to brachial artery diameter and IMT was noted in the overall study population as well as in study groups. Conclusion: In conclusion, our findings revealed a significant decrease I PON-1 activity in diabetic patients with microvascular rather than macrovascular complications, whereas regardless of obesity and diabetic complications, no increase in thrombogenic activity and no relation of thrombogenic activity with PON-1 activity and brachial artery diameter and IMK. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atherosclerosis" title="atherosclerosis">atherosclerosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetes%20mellitus" title=" diabetes mellitus"> diabetes mellitus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microvascular%20complications" title=" microvascular complications"> microvascular complications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macrovascular%20complications" title=" macrovascular complications"> macrovascular complications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obesity" title=" obesity"> obesity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=paraoxonase" title=" paraoxonase"> paraoxonase</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27017/relation-of-mean-platelet-volume-with-serum-paraoxonase-1-activity-and-brachial-artery-diameter-and-intima-media-thickness-in-diabetic-patients-with-respect-to-obesity-and-diabetic-complications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27017.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">356</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">108</span> On Kantorovich-Stancu Type Operators with the Variation Detracting Property</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%96zlem%20%C3%96ks%C3%BCzer">Özlem Öksüzer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we introduce variation detracting property of Kantorovich-Stancu type operators in the space of functions of bounded variation. These problems are studied with respect to the variation seminorm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kantorovich-Stancu%20type%20operators" title="Kantorovich-Stancu type operators">Kantorovich-Stancu type operators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variation%20seminorm" title=" variation seminorm"> variation seminorm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variation%20detracting%20property" title=" variation detracting property"> variation detracting property</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=absolutely%20continuous%20function" title=" absolutely continuous function"> absolutely continuous function</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32234/on-kantorovich-stancu-type-operators-with-the-variation-detracting-property" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32234.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">407</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">107</span> Effect of the Experimental Conditions on the Adsorption Capacities in the Removal of Pb2+ from Aqueous Solutions by the Hydroxyapatite Nanopowders</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oral%20Lacin">Oral Lacin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turan%20Calban"> Turan Calban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatih%20Sevim"> Fatih Sevim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taner%20Celik"> Taner Celik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, Pb<sup>2+</sup> uptake by the hydroxyapatite nanopowders (n-Hap) from aqueous solutions was investigated by using batch adsorption techniques. The adsorption equilibrium studies were carried out as a function of contact time, adsorbent dosage, pH, temperature, and initial Pb<sup>2+</sup> concentration. The results showed that the equilibrium time of adsorption was achieved within 60 min, and the effective pH was selected to be 5 (natural pH). The maximum adsorption capacity of Pb<sup>2+ </sup>on n-Hap was found as 565 mg.g<sup>-1</sup>. It is believed that the results obtained for adsorption may provide a background for the detailed mechanism investigations and the pilot and industrial scale applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanopowders" title="nanopowders">nanopowders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydroxyapatite" title=" hydroxyapatite"> hydroxyapatite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metals" title=" heavy metals"> heavy metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title=" adsorption"> adsorption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52026/effect-of-the-experimental-conditions-on-the-adsorption-capacities-in-the-removal-of-pb2-from-aqueous-solutions-by-the-hydroxyapatite-nanopowders" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52026.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">294</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">106</span> Implementation of Environmental Sustainability into Event Management</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%96zlem%20K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCkak%C3%A7a">Özlem Küçükakça</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The world population is rapidly growing. In the last few decades, environmental protection and climate change have been remarked as a global concern. All events have their own ecological footprint. Therefore, all participants who take part in the events, from event organizer to audience should be responsible for reducing carbon emissions. Currently, there is a literature gap which investigates the relationship between events and environment. Hence, this study is conducted to investigate how to implement environmental sustainability in the event management. Therefore, a wide literature and also the UK festivals database have been investigated. Finally, environmental effects and the solution of reducing impacts at events were discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecological%20footprint" title="ecological footprint">ecological footprint</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20sustainability" title=" environmental sustainability"> environmental sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=events" title=" events"> events</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72164/implementation-of-environmental-sustainability-into-event-management" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72164.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">304</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">105</span> In Its 20th Anniversary, Will Dayton Peace Agreement Continue or Complete Its Mission?</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Halit%20Turan">Halit Turan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehmet%20Ozturk"> Mehmet Ozturk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Serdal%20Akyuz"> Serdal Akyuz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> General Framework Agreement for Peace (Dayton Peace Agreement) in Bosnia and Herzegovina (GFAP), is one of the most challenging issues in the contemporary peace studies scholarship. It is clear that this agreement has created an exceptional state structure which Bosnia and Herzegovina has still executed for 20 years. The agreement, signed reluctantly by warring sides to end war, has carried out reaching the present day. Demonstrations held by unemployed people in the early of 2014 can be seen as a symptom of discontent about low economic wealth level which is a clear consequence of agreement. This paper lays out the influences of problems stemmed from the agreement to the future of country especially in terms of economic issues. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bosnia%20and%20Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dayton%20peace%20agreement" title=" dayton peace agreement"> dayton peace agreement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20problems" title=" economic problems"> economic problems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20discontent" title=" social discontent"> social discontent</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39654/in-its-20th-anniversary-will-dayton-peace-agreement-continue-or-complete-its-mission" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39654.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">253</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">104</span> An Organic Dye-Based Staining for Plant DNA</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beg%C3%BCm%20Terzi">Begüm Terzi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%96zlem%20Ate%C5%9F%20S%C3%B6nmezo%C4%9Flu"> Özlem Ateş Sönmezoğlu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kerime%20%C3%96zkay"> Kerime Özkay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmet%20Y%C4%B1ld%C4%B1r%C4%B1m"> Ahmet Yıldırım</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In plant biotechnology, electrophoresis is used to detect nucleic acids. Ethidium bromide (EtBr) is used as an intercalator dye to stain DNA in agarose gel electrophoresis, but this dye is mutagenic and carcinogenic. In this study, a visible, reliable and organic Ruthenium-based dye (N-719) for staining plant DNA in comparison to EtBr. When prestaining and post-staining for gel electrophoresis, N-719 stained both DNA and PCR product bands with the same clarity as EtBr. The organic dye N-719 stained DNA bands as sensitively and as clearly as EtBr. The organic dye was found to have staining activity suitable for the identification of DNA.Consequently, N-719 organic dye can be used to stain and visualize DNA during gel electrophoresis as alternatives to EtBr in plant biotechnology studies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agarose%20gel" title="agarose gel">agarose gel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA%20staining" title=" DNA staining"> DNA staining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20dye" title=" organic dye"> organic dye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N-719" title=" N-719"> N-719</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68758/an-organic-dye-based-staining-for-plant-dna" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68758.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">267</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">103</span> Real-Time Classification of Marbles with Decision-Tree Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20S.%20Parlak">K. S. Parlak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Turan"> E. Turan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The separation of marbles according to the pattern quality is a process made according to expert decision. The classification phase is the most critical part in terms of economic value. In this study, a self-learning system is proposed which performs the classification of marbles quickly and with high success. This system performs ten feature extraction by taking ten marble images from the camera. The marbles are classified by decision tree method using the obtained properties. The user forms the training set by training the system at the marble classification stage. The system evolves itself in every marble image that is classified. The aim of the proposed system is to minimize the error caused by the person performing the classification and achieve it quickly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20tree" title="decision tree">decision tree</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feature%20extraction" title=" feature extraction"> feature extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=k-means%20clustering" title=" k-means clustering"> k-means clustering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marble%20classification" title=" marble classification"> marble classification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76038/real-time-classification-of-marbles-with-decision-tree-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76038.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">382</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">102</span> Investigation of Various Variabilities of Social Anxiety Levels of Physical Education and Sports School Students</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turan%20Cetinkaya">Turan Cetinkaya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study is to determine the relation of the level of social anxiety to various variables of the students in physical education and sports departments. 229 students who are studying at the departments of physical education and sports teaching, sports management and coaching in Ahi Evran University, College of Physical Education and Sports participate in the research. Personal information tool and social anxiety scale consisting 30 items were used as data collection tool in the research. Distribution, frequency, t-test and ANOVA test were used in the comparison of the related data. As a result of statistical analysis, social anxiety levels do not differ according to gender, income level, sports type and national player status. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20anxiety" title="social anxiety">social anxiety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=undergraduates" title=" undergraduates"> undergraduates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sport" title=" sport"> sport</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=un%C4%B1versty" title=" unıversty"> unıversty</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63974/investigation-of-various-variabilities-of-social-anxiety-levels-of-physical-education-and-sports-school-students" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63974.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">429</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">101</span> Influence of Titanium Addition on Wear Properties of AM60 Magnesium Alloy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Zengin">H. Zengin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20E.%20Turan"> M. E. Turan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Turen"> Y. Turen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Ahlatci"> H. Ahlatci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Sun"> Y. Sun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aimed for improving wear resistance of AM60 magnesium alloy by Ti addition (0, 0.2, 0.5, 1wt%Ti). An electric resistance furnace was used to produce alloys. Pure Mg together with Al, Al-Ti and Al-Mn were melted at 750 <sup>0</sup>C in a stainless steel crucible under controlled Ar gas atmosphere and then poured into a metal mould preheated at 250 <sup>0</sup>C. Microstructure characterizations were performed by light optical (LOM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) after the wear test. Wear rates and friction coefficients were measured with a pin-on-disk type UTS-10 Tribometer test device under a load of 20N. The results showed that Ti addition altered the morphology and the amount of b-Mg<sub>17</sub>Al<sub>12</sub> phase in the microstructure of AM60 alloy. b-Mg<sub>17</sub>Al<sub>12</sub> phases on the grain boundaries were refined with increasing amount of Ti. An improvement in wear resistance of AM60 alloy was observed due to the alteration in the microstructure by Ti addition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnesium%20alloy" title="magnesium alloy">magnesium alloy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=titanium" title=" titanium"> titanium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SEM" title=" SEM"> SEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wear" title=" wear"> wear</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52098/influence-of-titanium-addition-on-wear-properties-of-am60-magnesium-alloy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52098.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">334</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">100</span> Job Crafting Mediating Effect Between Positive Psychological Capital and Creativity in Working Life</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nuray%20Turan">Nuray Turan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Karanika-Murray"> Maria Karanika-Murray</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In working life, positive behavior and positive mood researches has given importance more and more. Increasing research on the subject sreveals this importance. In this context, positive psychological capital (PsyCap), job crafting (JC), and creativity areamongtheprominentissues in working life. However, it is noteworthy that there is not enough research on the interaction between these three concepts. Therefore, this research has been designed. The question “Does the interaction between JC and PsyCap improve creativity in working life?” has been raised, and“JobCrafting Mediating Effect Between Positive Psychological Capital and Creativity” has been questioned. A questionnaire will be applied using PsyCap, JC and Creativity scales to find answers to the aforementioned questions. Who will be the survey participants is in the process of being determined. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=positive%20psychological%20capital" title="positive psychological capital">positive psychological capital</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=job%20crafting" title=" job crafting"> job crafting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=creativity" title=" creativity"> creativity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=working%20life" title=" working life"> working life</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155496/job-crafting-mediating-effect-between-positive-psychological-capital-and-creativity-in-working-life" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155496.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">130</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">99</span> Degradation of Endosulfan in Different Soils by Indigenous and Adapted Microorganisms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20%C3%96zyer">A. Özyer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20G.%20Turan"> N. G. Turan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Ardal%C4%B1"> Y. Ardalı</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The environmental fate of organic contaminants in soils is influenced significantly by the pH, texture of soil, water content and also presence of organic matter. In this study, biodegradation of endosulfan isomers was studied in two different soils (Soil A and Soil B) that have contrasting properties in terms of their texture, pH, organic content, etc. Two <em>Nocardia </em>sp., which were isolated from soil, were used for degradation of endosulfan. Soils were contaminated with commercial endosulfan. Six sets were maintained from two different soils, contaminated with different endosulfan concentrations for degradation experiments. Inoculated and uninoculated mineral media with <em>Nocardia</em> isolates were added to the soils and mixed. Soils were incubated at a certain temperature (30 °C) during ten weeks. Residue endosulfan and its metabolites’ concentrations were determined weekly during the incubation period. The changes of the soil microorganisms were investigated weekly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endosulfan" title="endosulfan">endosulfan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biodegradation" title=" biodegradation"> biodegradation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nocardia%20sp.%20soil" title=" Nocardia sp. soil"> Nocardia sp. soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organochlorine%20pesticide" title=" organochlorine pesticide"> organochlorine pesticide</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48178/degradation-of-endosulfan-in-different-soils-by-indigenous-and-adapted-microorganisms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48178.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">382</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">98</span> The Influence of Residual Stress on Hardness and Microstructure in Railway Rails</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammet%20Emre%20Turan">Muhammet Emre Turan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sait%20%C3%96z%C3%A7elik"> Sait Özçelik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yavuz%20Sun"> Yavuz Sun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In railway rails, residual stress was measured and the values of residual stress were associated with hardness and micro structure in this study. At first, three rails as one meter long were taken and residual stresses were measured by cutting method according to the EN 13674-1 standardization. In this study, strain gauge that is an electrical apparatus was used. During the cutting, change in resistance in rail gave us residual stress value via computer program. After residual stress measurement, Brinell hardness distribution were performed for head parts of rails. Thus, the relationship between residual stress and hardness were established. In addition to that, micro structure analysis was carried out by optical microscope. The results show that, the micro structure and hardness value was changed with residual stress. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residual%20stress" title="residual stress">residual stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardness" title=" hardness"> hardness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro%20structure" title=" micro structure"> micro structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rail" title=" rail"> rail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strain%20gauge" title=" strain gauge "> strain gauge </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15651/the-influence-of-residual-stress-on-hardness-and-microstructure-in-railway-rails" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15651.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">602</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">97</span> Prospective English Language Teachers’ Views on Translation Use in Foreign Language Teaching</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ozlem%20Bozok">Ozlem Bozok</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusuf%20Bozok"> Yusuf Bozok</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The importance of using mother tongue and translation in foreign language classrooms cannot be ignored and translation can be utilized as a method in English Language Teaching courses. There exist researches advocating or objecting to the use of translation in foreign language learning but they all have a point in common: Translation should be used as an aid to teaching, not an end in itself. In this research, prospective English language teachers’ opinions about translation use and use of mother tongue in foreign language teaching are investigated and according to the findings, some explanations and recommendations are made. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exposure%20to%20foreign%20language%20translation" title="exposure to foreign language translation">exposure to foreign language translation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foreign%20language%20learning" title=" foreign language learning"> foreign language learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prospective%20teachers%E2%80%99%20opinions" title=" prospective teachers’ opinions"> prospective teachers’ opinions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=use%20of%20L1" title=" use of L1"> use of L1</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17268/prospective-english-language-teachers-views-on-translation-use-in-foreign-language-teaching" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17268.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">533</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">96</span> Evidence Based Practice for Oral Care in Children</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Turan">T. Turan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%87.%20Erdo%C4%9Fan"> Ç. Erdoğan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As far as is known, general nursing care practices do not include specific evidence-based practices related to oral care in children. This study aimed to evaluate the evidence based nursing practice for oral care in children. This article is planned as a review article by searching the literature in this field. According to all age groups and the oral care in various specific situations located evidence in the literature were examined. It has been determined that the methods and frequency used in oral care practices performed by nurses in clinics differ from one hospital to another. In addition, it is seen that different solutions are used in basic oral care, oral care practices to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia and evidence-based practice in mucositis management in children. As a result, a standard should be established in oral care practices for children and education for children is recommended. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evidence-based%20practice" title="evidence-based practice">evidence-based practice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oral%20care" title=" oral care"> oral care</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nursing" title=" nursing"> nursing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children" title=" children"> children</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86702/evidence-based-practice-for-oral-care-in-children" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86702.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">294</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">95</span> Magneto-Rheological Damper Based Semi-Active Robust H∞ Control of Civil Structures with Parametric Uncertainties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vedat%20Senol">Vedat Senol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gursoy%20Turan"> Gursoy Turan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anders%20Helmersson"> Anders Helmersson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vortechz%20Andersson"> Vortechz Andersson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In developing a mathematical model of a real structure, the simulation results of the model may not match the real structural response. This is a general problem that arises during dynamic motion of the structure, which may be modeled by means of parameter variations in the stiffness, damping, and mass matrices. These changes in parameters need to be estimated, and the mathematical model is updated to obtain higher control performances and robustness. In this study, a linear fractional transformation (LFT) is utilized for uncertainty modeling. Further, a general approach to the design of an H∞ control of a magneto-rheological damper (MRD) for vibration reduction in a building with mass, damping, and stiffness uncertainties is presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncertainty%20modeling" title="uncertainty modeling">uncertainty modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20control" title=" structural control"> structural control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MR%20Damper" title=" MR Damper"> MR Damper</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H%E2%88%9E" title=" H∞"> H∞</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robust%20control" title=" robust control"> robust control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111738/magneto-rheological-damper-based-semi-active-robust-h-control-of-civil-structures-with-parametric-uncertainties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111738.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">138</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">94</span> Investigation of Various Variabilities of Attitudes toward Teaching as a Profession Levels of Physical Education and Sports School Students</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turan%20Cetinkaya">Turan Cetinkaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdurrahman%20K%C4%B1rtepe"> Abdurrahman Kırtepe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study is to determine the relation of the level attitudes toward teaching as a profession to various variables of the students in physical education and sports departments. 277 students who are studying at the departments of physical education and sports teaching, sports management and coaching in Ahi Evran University, College of Physical Education and Sports participated to the research. Personal information tool and teaching profession scale consisting 34 items were used as data collection tool in the research. Distribution, frequency, t test and anova test were used in comparison of the related data. As a result of statistical analysis, attitudes toward teaching as a profession levels do not differ according to gender, but significant differences were detected in the exercise regularly and department. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20profession" title="teaching profession">teaching profession</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attitude" title=" attitude"> attitude</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20education%20and%20sports%20students" title=" physical education and sports students"> physical education and sports students</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=university%20students" title=" university students"> university students</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83844/investigation-of-various-variabilities-of-attitudes-toward-teaching-as-a-profession-levels-of-physical-education-and-sports-school-students" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83844.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">284</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">93</span> Dissolution Leaching Kinetics of Ulexite in Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate Solutions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bet%C3%BCl%20%C3%96zgen%C3%A7">Betül Özgenç</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soner%20Ku%C5%9Flu"> Soner Kuşlu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabri%20%C3%87olak"> Sabri Çolak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turan%20%C3%87alban"> Turan Çalban</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study was investigate the leaching kinetics of ulexite in disodium hydrogen phosphate solutions in a mechanical agitation system. Reaction temperature, concentration of disodium hydrogen phosphate solutions, stirring speed, solid/liquid ratio and ulexite particle size were selected as parameters. The experimental results were successfully correlated by linear regression using Statistica program. Dissolution curves were evaluated shrinking core models for solid-fluid systems. It was observed that increase in the reaction temperature and decrease in the solid/liquid ratio causes an increase the dissolution rate of ulexite. The activation energy was found to be 63.4 kJ/mol. The leaching of ulexite was controlled by chemical reaction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ulexite" title="ulexite">ulexite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disodium%20hydrogen%20phosphate" title=" disodium hydrogen phosphate"> disodium hydrogen phosphate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leaching%20kinetics" title=" leaching kinetics"> leaching kinetics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27457/dissolution-leaching-kinetics-of-ulexite-in-disodium-hydrogen-phosphate-solutions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27457.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">410</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">92</span> Wear Behaviors of B4C and SiC Particle Reinforced AZ91 Magnesium Matrix Metal Composites </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20E.%20Turan">M. E. Turan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Zengin"> H. Zengin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Cevik"> E. Cevik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Sun"> Y. Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Turen"> Y. Turen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Ahlatci"> H. Ahlatci</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, the effects of B<sub>4</sub>C and SiC particle reinforcements on wear properties of magnesium matrix metal composites produced by pressure infiltration method were investigated. AZ91 (9%Al-1%Zn) magnesium alloy was used as a matrix. AZ91 magnesium alloy was melted under an argon atmosphere. The melt was infiltrated to the particles with an appropriate pressure. Wear tests, hardness tests were performed respectively. Microstructure characterizations were examined by light optical (LOM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that uniform particle distributions were achieved in both B<sub>4</sub>C and SiC reinforced composites. Wear behaviors of magnesium matrix metal composites changed as a function of type of particles. SiC reinforced composite has better wear performance and higher hardness than B<sub>4</sub>C reinforced composite. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnesium%20matrix%20composite" title="magnesium matrix composite">magnesium matrix composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure%20infiltration" title=" pressure infiltration"> pressure infiltration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SEM" title=" SEM"> SEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wear" title=" wear"> wear</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56230/wear-behaviors-of-b4c-and-sic-particle-reinforced-az91-magnesium-matrix-metal-composites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56230.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">360</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">91</span> Dissolution Leaching Kinetics of Ulexite in Sodium Dihydrogen Phosphate Solutions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emine%20Teke">Emine Teke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soner%20Ku%C5%9Flu"> Soner Kuşlu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabri%20%C3%87olak"> Sabri Çolak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turan%20%C3%87alban"> Turan Çalban</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of the present study was to investigate the dissolution kinetics of ulexite in sodium dihydrogen phosphate in a mechanical agitation system and also to declare an alternative reactant to produce the boric acid. Reaction temperature, concentration of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, stirring speed, solid-liquid ratio, and ulexite particle size were selected as parameters. The experimental results were successfully correlated by using linear regression and a statistical program. Dissolution curves were evaluated in order to test the shrinking core models for solid-fluid systems. It was observed that increase in the reaction temperature and decrease in the solid/liquid ratio causes an increase in the dissolution rate of ulexite. The activation energy was found to be 36.4 kJ/mol. The leaching of ulexite was controlled by diffusion through the ash (or product) layer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ulexite" title="ulexite">ulexite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sodium%20dihydrogen%20phosphate" title=" sodium dihydrogen phosphate"> sodium dihydrogen phosphate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leaching%20kinetics" title=" leaching kinetics"> leaching kinetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boron" title=" boron"> boron</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51920/dissolution-leaching-kinetics-of-ulexite-in-sodium-dihydrogen-phosphate-solutions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51920.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">306</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">90</span> Patterns Obtained by Using Knitting Technique in Textile Crafts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%96zlem%20Erzurumlu">Özlem Erzurumlu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nazan%20Oskay"> Nazan Oskay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ece%20Melek"> Ece Melek</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Knitting which is one of the textile manufacturing techniques is manufactured by using the system of single yarn. Knitting wares consisting of loops structurally have flexible structures. Knitting can be shaped and given volume easily due to increasing or decreasing the number of loops, being manufactured in circular form and its flexible structure. While the knitting wares are basically being manufactured to meet the requirements, it takes its place in the art field overflowing outside of industrial production later. Textile artist ensures his ideas to convert into artistic product by using textiles and non-textiles with aesthetic concerns and creative impulses. When textile crafts are observed at the present time we see that knitting technique has an extensive area of use such as sculpture, panel, installation art and performing art. It is examined how the knitting technique is used in textile crafts observing patterns obtained by this technique in textile crafts in this study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=art" title="art">art</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=textile" title=" textile"> textile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knitting%20art" title=" knitting art"> knitting art</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=textile%20crafts" title=" textile crafts"> textile crafts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28234/patterns-obtained-by-using-knitting-technique-in-textile-crafts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28234.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">707</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">89</span> Evaluation of Mutagenic and Antimutagenic Activities of Some Biological Active Benzoxazoles in the Ames Test</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%96zlem%20Arpac%C4%B1">Özlem Arpacı</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zeliha%20Soysal"> Zeliha Soysal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nuran%20Diril"> Nuran Diril</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Benzoxazoles are heterocyclic compounds that have a fused benzene and an oxazole ring. These heterocyclic compounds are reported to have antibacterial, antitubercular, antifungal, antiviral, antioxidant and anticancer activities. In this study, some benzoxazole derivatives that have broad antimicrobial and potent antitumoral activities, are investigated their mutagenic activities with using the Ames Test. The Ames test was conducted using Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100 and TA102 tester strains in the standard plate incorporation assay in the absence of liver S9 fraction. The results are evaluated using SPSS and none of the benzoxazole derivatives showed mutagenic activity using the Ames test in the absence of S9 liver fraction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=benzoxazoles" title="benzoxazoles">benzoxazoles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ames%20test" title=" ames test"> ames test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mutagenic%20activity" title=" mutagenic activity"> mutagenic activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antimutagenic%20activity" title=" antimutagenic activity"> antimutagenic activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antitumoral%20activity" title=" antitumoral activity"> antitumoral activity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41111/evaluation-of-mutagenic-and-antimutagenic-activities-of-some-biological-active-benzoxazoles-in-the-ames-test" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41111.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">345</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">88</span> A Global Perspective on Urban Environmental Problems in Developing Countries: The Case of Turkey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N%C3%BCkhet%20Konuk">Nükhet Konuk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Gamze%20Turan"> N. Gamze Turan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y%C3%BCksel%20Ardal%C4%B1"> Yüksel Ardalı</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cities play a vital role in the social fabric of countries and in national and regional economic growth worldwide; however, the environmental effects of such growth need to be assessed and managed better. The critical and most immediate problems faced by cities of developing countries are the health impacts of urban pollution that derive from inadequate water, sanitation, drainage and solid waste services, poor urban and industrial waste management, and air pollution. As globalization continues, earth's natural processes transform local problems into international issues. The aim of this study is to provide a broad overview of the pollution from urban wastes and emissions in Turkey which is a developing country. It is aimed to underline the significance of reorganizing the institutional tools in a worldwide perspective in order to generate coherent solutions to urban problems, and to enhance urban quality. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20pollution" title="environmental pollution">environmental pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developing%20countries" title=" developing countries"> developing countries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20degradation" title=" environmental degradation"> environmental degradation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20environmental%20problems" title=" urban environmental problems"> urban environmental problems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48706/a-global-perspective-on-urban-environmental-problems-in-developing-countries-the-case-of-turkey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48706.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">330</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">87</span> Speed Ratio Control of Pulley Based V-Belt Type Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) using Fuzzy Logic Controller</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ikbal%20Eski">Ikbal Eski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turan%20G%C3%BCrgen%C3%A7"> Turan Gürgenç</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> After nearly more than a century of research and development, internal combustion engines have become almost perfect. Along with such improvement in internal combustion engines, automotive manufacturers are conducting research on design of alternative fuel vehicles. Nevertheless an ideal interim solution is to increase overall efficiency of internal combustion vehicles. A potential solution to achieve that is using continuously variable transmission system which, despite being an old idea, has recently become a hope for automotive manufacturers. CVT system, by continuously varying speed ratio, raises vehicle efficiency. In this study, fuzzy logic controller is used in speed ratio control of pulley based CVT system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continuously%20variable%20transmission%20system" title="continuously variable transmission system">continuously variable transmission system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variator" title=" variator"> variator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=speed%20ratio" title=" speed ratio"> speed ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20logic" title=" fuzzy logic"> fuzzy logic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12134/speed-ratio-control-of-pulley-based-v-belt-type-continuously-variable-transmission-cvt-using-fuzzy-logic-controller" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12134.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">285</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">86</span> The Relationship between Fatigue Crack Growth and Residual Stress in Rails</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Husem">F. Husem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20E.%20Turan"> M. E. Turan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Sun"> Y. Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Ahlatci"> H. Ahlatci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Tozlu"> I. Tozlu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Residual stress and fatigue crack growth rates are important to determine mechanical behavior of rails. This study aims to make relationship between residual stress and fatigue crack growth values in rails. For this purpose, three R260 quality rails (0.6-0.8% C, 0.6-1.25 Mn) were chosen. Residual stress of samples was measured by cutting method that is related in railway standard. Then samples were machined for fatigue crack growth test and analyze was completed according to the ASTM E647 standard which gives information about parameters of rails for this test. Microstructure characterizations were examined by Light Optic Microscope (LOM). The results showed that residual stress change with fatigue crack growth rate. The sample has highest residual stress exhibits highest crack growth rate and pearlitic structure can be seen clearly for all samples by microstructure analyze. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residual%20stress" title="residual stress">residual stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatigue%20crack%20growth" title=" fatigue crack growth"> fatigue crack growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R260" title=" R260"> R260</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SEM" title=" SEM"> SEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ASTM%20E647" title=" ASTM E647"> ASTM E647</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56215/the-relationship-between-fatigue-crack-growth-and-residual-stress-in-rails" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56215.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">327</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">85</span> Convergence with IFRS: Evidence from Financial Statements</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20S.%20Turan">M. S. Turan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dimple"> Dimple</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to implementation of IFRS by several developed and developing countries, India has no option other than to converge their accounting standards with IFRS. There are over 10,000 listed companies required to implement IFRS in India. IFRS based financial information presented by a company is different from the same information provided by Indian GAAPs. In this study, we have brought out and analyzed the effect of IFRS reporting on the financial statements of selected companies. The results reveal that convergence with IFRS brought prominent positive variations in the values of quick ratio, debt/equity ratio, proprietary ratio and net profit ratio, while negative variation is brought in the values of current ratio, debt to total assets ratio, operating profit ratio, return on capital employed and return on shareholders’ equity ratios. It also presents significant changes in the values of items of balance sheet, profit and loss account and cash flow statement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IFRS" title="IFRS">IFRS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reporting%20standards" title=" reporting standards"> reporting standards</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convergence%20process" title=" convergence process"> convergence process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=results" title=" results "> results </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14903/convergence-with-ifrs-evidence-from-financial-statements" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14903.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span 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