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class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">Copyright policy</span></h1> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body"> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikisource</div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="contentSub2"></div> <div id="jump-to-nav"></div> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#mw-head">Jump to navigation</a> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#searchInput">Jump to search</a> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r14491930">.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 0;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{border:2px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ombox-delete{border:2px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ombox-content{border:1px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ombox-style{border:1px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ombox-move{border:1px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ombox-protection{border:2px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-invalid-type{text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 10%}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}</style><table class="plainlinks ombox ombox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/45px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/60px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"/></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><b>This page documents an <a href="/wiki/Wikisource:Policies_and_guidelines" title="Wikisource:Policies and guidelines">official policy</a> on Wikisource.</b> It has wide acceptance among editors and is considered a standard that everyone should follow. Except for minor edits, please make use of the <a href="/wiki/Wikisource_talk:Copyright_policy" title="Wikisource talk:Copyright policy">discussion page</a> to propose changes to this policy.</td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="ws-noexport"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r14316953">.mw-parser-output .wst-process-header .wst-header-mainblock{border:1px solid #966;margin:4px auto 4px auto;background-color:#DCA;color:#202122}.mw-parser-output .wst-process-header .wst-header-title-text{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .wst-process-header .wst-header-notes{border-bottom:1px solid #A88;background-color:#FFFBFC;color:#202122}</style></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r14182871">.mw-parser-output .wst-header-mainblock{margin:4px auto 4px auto;padding:0 3px;display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .wst-header-back,.mw-parser-output .wst-header-forward{display:flex;flex:1 4 100%;min-width:min-content;align-items:center;font-size:.9em}.mw-parser-output .wst-header-nav-empty{visibility:hidden}.mw-parser-output .wst-header-back{justify-content:flex-start;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .wst-header-central-cell{flex:4 1 100%;max-width:max-content;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .wst-header-forward{justify-content:flex-end;text-align:right}@media(max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .wst-header-mainblock{flex-wrap:wrap}.mw-parser-output .wst-header-central-cell{flex:0 0 100%;order:-2;width:auto}.mw-parser-output .wst-header-back,.mw-parser-output .wst-header-forward{width:auto}}.mw-parser-output .wst-header-notes{display:inline-block;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0;empty-cells:hide;font-size:.9em;line-height:1.4;margin:0 auto 4px auto;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .wst-header-left{float:left}</style><div class="ws-header wst-header-structure wst-unknown wst-process-header ws-header ws-noexport noprint"><div class="wst-header-mainblock wst-unknown-mainblock processheadertemplate"><div class="wst-header-back searchaux wst-unknown-back"><div class="wst-header-back-arrow">←</div><div class="wst-header-back-link"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource:PAG" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikisource:PAG">Policies and guidelines</a></div></div><div class="wst-header-central-cell wst-unknown-central-cell"><span class="wst-header-title wst-unknown-title"><span class="wst-header-title-text">Copyright policy</span></span></div><div class="wst-header-forward searchaux wst-unknown-forward wst-header-nav-empty"><div class="wst-header-forward-link"></div><div class="wst-header-forward-arrow">→</div></div></div><div class="wst-header-notes header_notes searchaux wst-unknown-notes process_notes"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r14321584">.mw-parser-output .plainSister{display:block;font-size:93%;line-height:normal;list-style-type:none;list-style-image:none;list-style-position:outside;border:1px solid #AAA;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5ex 0 0.5ex 0.5ex;padding:0;background:#FFFFFF;color:#202122}.mw-parser-output .sisicon,.mw-parser-output .dabicon{padding-right:1ex}</style><ul class="plainSister"><li class="sisitem"><span class="sisicon"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Special:SiteMatrix" title="Special:SiteMatrix"><img alt="Sister Projects" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Wikimedia-logo.svg/18px-Wikimedia-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Wikimedia-logo.svg/27px-Wikimedia-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Wikimedia-logo.svg/36px-Wikimedia-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1024"/></a></span></span><a href="/wiki/Special:SiteMatrix" title="Special:SiteMatrix">sister projects</a>: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights" class="extiw" title="w:Wikipedia:Copyrights">Wikipedia article</a>, <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Licensing" class="extiw" title="c:Commons:Licensing">Commons gallery</a>, <a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Wikiquote:Copyrights" class="extiw" title="q:Wikiquote:Copyrights">quotes</a>, <a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Wikinews:Copyright" class="extiw" title="n:Wikinews:Copyright">news</a>, <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Copyrights" class="extiw" title="wikt:Wiktionary:Copyrights">definition</a>, <a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Wikibooks:Copyrights" class="extiw" title="b:Wikibooks:Copyrights">textbook</a>, <a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Wikiversity:Copyrights" class="extiw" title="v:Wikiversity:Copyrights">course</a>, <a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikispecies:Copyrights" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Wikispecies:Copyrights">taxonomy</a>, <a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Wikivoyage:Copyleft" class="extiw" title="voy:Wikivoyage:Copyleft">travel guide</a>, <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4375196" class="extiw" title="d:Q4375196">Wikidata item</a>, <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Meta:Copyrights" class="extiw" title="m:Meta:Copyrights">Meta</a></li></ul><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r13856904">.mw-parser-output .wst-shortcut{display:table;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #999;margin:2px 0px 2px 8px;float:right;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .wst-shortcut>div{display:table-row-group;background-color:#fff}.mw-parser-output .wst-shortcut>div>div{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .wst-shortcut>div>div>div{display:table-cell;font-size:86%;font-weight:bold;padding:4px;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .wst-shortcut>div>div>div>span{letter-spacing:1px}</style><div class="wst-shortcut noprint"><div><div><div> <p><span><a href="/wiki/Wikisource:Shortcut" title="Wikisource:Shortcut">Shortcut</a>: </span><br/><a href="/wiki/Wikisource:COPY" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikisource:COPY">WS:COPY</a> </p> </div></div></div></div><div class="wst-header-content header_notes_content wst-header-notes-content wst-unknown-notes-content"> <p>Wikisource, <i>The Free Library</i>, is committed to developing a collection of free content works. This page outlines the policy used to determine whether or not content is compatible with the <a href="#definition">free content definition</a> below. </p><p>This is the official policy (which you should read first). You may also be looking for information on: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Copyright_tags" title="Help:Copyright tags">templates used to designate licensing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Public_domain" title="Help:Public domain">which works are in the public domain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Licensing_compatibility" title="Help:Licensing compatibility">whether a specific license or condition is allowed</a></li></ul> </div></div></div> <p>Unless otherwise noted, all user contributions to Wikisource are released under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International</a> (CC BY-SA 4.0) and the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation License</a>, unversioned, with no invariant sections, front-cover texts, or back-cover texts. </p><p>The copyright laws applicable to Wikisource are primarily those of the United States of America, where the physical Wikimedia servers are located. The United States extends copyright protection to foreign works through international treaties, and virtually all countries have copyrights that last for the author's life plus some number of years. </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Free_content_definition"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext"><span><i>Free content</i> definition</span></span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Fair_use"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Fair use</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Contributors'_rights_and_obligations"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Contributors' rights and obligations</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Translations_or_recordings_of_a_source_work"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Translations or recordings of a source work</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Original_works_including_translations"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Original works including translations</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#Linking_to_copyrighted_works"><span class="tocnumber">3.3</span> <span class="toctext">Linking to copyrighted works</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Copyright_violations"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Copyright violations</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Free_content_definition" data-mw-thread-id="h-Free_content_definition"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Free_content_definition"></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r14317252">.mw-parser-output .wst-anchor:target{background-color:rgba(100,149,237,0.1);color:#202122;outline:1px solid cornflowerblue}</style><span id="definition" title="Anchor:definition" class="wst-anchor"><i>Free content</i> definition</span><span data-mw-comment-end="h-Free_content_definition"></span></h2></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Definition_of_Free_Cultural_Works_logo_notext.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Definition_of_Free_Cultural_Works_logo_notext.svg/100px-Definition_of_Free_Cultural_Works_logo_notext.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Definition_of_Free_Cultural_Works_logo_notext.svg/150px-Definition_of_Free_Cultural_Works_logo_notext.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Definition_of_Free_Cultural_Works_logo_notext.svg/200px-Definition_of_Free_Cultural_Works_logo_notext.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="219" data-file-height="218"/></a><figcaption>This definition is derived from the <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://freedomdefined.org/Definition">Definition of Free Cultural Works</a></i>.</figcaption></figure> <p><i>Free content</i> is content which can be freely viewed, used, distributed, modified, and exploited by anyone, in any form, and for any purpose (including commercial exploitation) without exception and without limitation (except as explicitly allowed below). </p><p>Some requirements and restrictions are permissible on Wikisource: </p> <ul><li><b>simple attribution</b> of the authors, excluding requirements such as notification of use;</li> <li><b>transmission of freedoms</b> (often called <i>copyleft</i> or <i>share alike</i>), which requires that derivative works remain free. Such works may be included in a copyrighted work, but may not themselves be restricted in the same way as the larger document.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Fair_use" data-mw-thread-id="h-Fair_use"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Fair_use"></span>Fair use<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Fair_use"></span></h2></div> <p><i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fair_use" class="extiw" title="w:Fair use">Fair use</a></i> (known as <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fair_dealing" class="extiw" title="w:Fair dealing">fair dealing</a></i> in Commonwealth countries) is the concept that copyrighted work can be legally used without paying licensing fees or receiving permission of the copyright holder. Fair use is <b>explicitly prohibited on Wikisource.</b> </p><p>As described by the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fair_use#Amount_and_substantiality" class="extiw" title="w:Fair use">Amount and substantiality</a> clause, reproducing whole works is not fair use. See the legal precedent set in <i><a href="/wiki/Harper_%26_Row_v._Nation_Enterprises" title="Harper & Row v. Nation Enterprises">Harper & Row v. Nation Enterprises</a></i> (1985); as stated by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harper_%26_Row_v._Nation_Enterprises" class="extiw" title="w:Harper & Row v. Nation Enterprises">Wikipedia's article on the subject</a>, the US Supreme Court "<i>determined that fair use is not a defense to the appropriation of work by a famous political figure simply because of the public interest in learning of that political figure's account of an historic event.</i>" Further, "<i>the use of less than 400 words from President Ford's memoir by a political opinion magazine was interpreted as infringement because those few words represented "the heart of the book" and were, as such, substantial.</i>" </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Contributors'_rights_and_obligations" data-mw-thread-id="h-Contributors'_rights_and_obligations"><span id="Contributors.27_rights_and_obligations"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Contributors'_rights_and_obligations"></span>Contributors' rights and obligations<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Contributors'_rights_and_obligations"></span></h2></div> <p>All works on Wikisource must be in the public domain or released under a license compatible with the <a href="#definition">free content definition</a>. It is the responsibility of the contributor to assert compatibility with Wikisource's license. A template should be used on the source material page to indicate the license that the source material is posted under (see <a href="/wiki/Help:Copyright_tags" title="Help:Copyright tags">Help:Copyright tags</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Translations_or_recordings_of_a_source_work" data-mw-thread-id="h-Translations_or_recordings_of_a_source_work-Contributors'_rights_and_obligations"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Translations_or_recordings_of_a_source_work-Contributors'_rights_and_obligations"></span>Translations or recordings of a source work<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Translations_or_recordings_of_a_source_work-Contributors'_rights_and_obligations"></span></h3></div> <p>Translations or recordings of a source work are considered <i>derivative works</i> of that source material. The contributor thereby warrants that the original material <b>and</b> the derivative work are either in the public domain or released under a license compatible with the <a href="#definition">free content definition</a>. It is the responsibility of the contributor to assert compatibility with Wikisource's license. A template should be used on the source material page to indicate the license that the source material is posted under (see <a href="/wiki/Help:Copyright_tags" title="Help:Copyright tags">Help:Copyright tags</a>). </p><p>Failure to conform to this policy will result in the deletion of the text. If a contributor deliberately persists in violating this policy, their editing access may be revoked. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Original_works_including_translations" data-mw-thread-id="h-Original_works_including_translations-Contributors'_rights_and_obligations"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Original_works_including_translations-Contributors'_rights_and_obligations"></span>Original works including translations<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Original_works_including_translations-Contributors'_rights_and_obligations"></span></h3></div> <p>Original works including translations placed on Wikisource are automatically licensed under the CC BY-SA license unless explicitly licensed otherwise. With this license, the copyright holder retains copyright and can later republish and relicense the works in any way they like. However, the work will remain available under CC BY-SA forever. </p><p>Miscellaneous original content (such as on user or discussion pages) is also automatically released under CC BY-SA. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Linking_to_copyrighted_works" data-mw-thread-id="h-Linking_to_copyrighted_works-Contributors'_rights_and_obligations"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Linking_to_copyrighted_works-Contributors'_rights_and_obligations"></span>Linking to copyrighted works<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Linking_to_copyrighted_works-Contributors'_rights_and_obligations"></span></h3></div> <p>Linking to copyrighted works is usually not a problem, as long as you have made a reasonable effort to determine that the page in question is not violating <i>someone else's</i> copyright. If it is, please do <i>not</i> link to the page. Linking to material that violates copyright is considered <i>contributory copyright infringement</i> under US law and is prohibited on Wikisource. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Copyright_violations" data-mw-thread-id="h-Copyright_violations"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Copyright_violations"></span>Copyright violations<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Copyright_violations"></span></h2></div> <p>If you find an article that you believe infringes a copyright, you may request that the page be removed from Wikisource by posting at <a href="/wiki/Wikisource:Copyright_discussions" title="Wikisource:Copyright discussions">Wikisource:Copyright discussions</a>. Alternatively, if your own copyrights have been infringed, you may contact the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Designated_agent" class="extiw" title="wikimedia:Designated agent">Wikimedia Foundation's designated agent</a> and request its removal. The page will be immediately blanked with a copyright violation notice until the issue is resolved. You should provide some evidence to support your claim. One possible piece of information you can provide is a URL or other reference to what you believe may be the source of the text. </p><p>Contributors who deliberately and repeatedly add copyrighted texts after being notified of this policy may be blocked from editing the project. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="See_also" data-mw-thread-id="h-See_also"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-See_also"></span>See also<span data-mw-comment-end="h-See_also"></span></h2></div> <ul><li>Wikimedia's <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Designated_agent" class="extiw" title="wikimedia:Designated agent">designated agent</a> under the <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online_Copyright_Infringement_Liability_Limitation_Act" class="extiw" title="w:Online Copyright Infringement Liability Limitation Act">Online Copyright Infringement Liability Limitation Act</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Public_domain" title="Help:Public domain">Help:Public domain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Licensing_compatibility" title="Help:Licensing compatibility">Help:Licensing compatibility</a> (whether a specific license or condition is allowed)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Copyright_tags" title="Help:Copyright tags">Help:Copyright tags</a> (templates used to designate licensing status)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r14385316">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ccf;color:#202122}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf;color:#202122}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff;color:#202122}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7;color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent;color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Copyright" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r14385316"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r14517810">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Copyright_help_navbox" title="Template:Copyright help navbox"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Copyright_help_navbox&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Copyright help navbox (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Copyright_help_navbox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Copyright help navbox"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Copyright" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Copyright</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Policy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Copyright policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikisource:Copyright_discussions" title="Wikisource:Copyright discussions">Copyright discussions</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Copyright.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img 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class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-do emptyPortlet vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-do-label" > <h3 id="p-do-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label"></span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-tb" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-tb-label" > <h3 id="p-tb-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Tools</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Wikisource:Copyright_policy" title="A list of all wiki pages that link here [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Wikisource:Copyright_policy" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages 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href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2FWikisource%3ACopyright_policy"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading-label" > <h3 id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Print/export</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Wikisource%3ACopyright_policy&action=show-download-screen"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-wikibase-otherprojects-label" > <h3 id="p-wikibase-otherprojects-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">In other projects</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Licensing" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-mediawiki mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Project:Copyrights" hreflang="en"><span>MediaWiki</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-meta mw-list-item"><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Meta:Copyrights" hreflang="en"><span>Meta-Wiki</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-sources mw-list-item"><a href="https://wikisource.org/wiki/Wikisource:Copyright_policy" hreflang="en"><span>Multilingual Wikisource</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-species mw-list-item"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikispecies:Copyrights" hreflang="en"><span>Wikispecies</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibooks mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Wikibooks:Copyrights" hreflang="en"><span>Wikibooks</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikidata mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Copyright" hreflang="en"><span>Wikidata</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikinews mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Wikinews:Copyright" hreflang="en"><span>Wikinews</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikipedia mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyrights" hreflang="en"><span>Wikipedia</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Wikiquote:Copyrights" hreflang="en"><span>Wikiquote</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiversity mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Wikiversity:Copyrights" hreflang="en"><span>Wikiversity</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikivoyage mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Wikivoyage:Copyleft" hreflang="en"><span>Wikivoyage</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wiktionary mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Copyrights" hreflang="en"><span>Wiktionary</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4375196" title="Link to connected data repository item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-lang" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-lang-label" > <h3 id="p-lang-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">In other languages</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikisource.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A_%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%AF%D8%B1:%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%88%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AE" title="ويكي مصدر:حقوق النسخ – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ويكي مصدر:حقوق النسخ" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikisource.org/wiki/Vikim%C9%99nb%C9%99:M%C3%BC%C9%99llif_h%C3%BCquqlar%C4%B1" title="Vikimənbə:Müəllif hüquqları – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Vikimənbə:Müəllif hüquqları" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikisource.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%86%D1%8B:%D0%90%D1%9E%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Вікікрыніцы:Аўтарскае права – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вікікрыніцы:Аўтарскае права" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikisource.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA:%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Уикиизточник:Авторски права – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Уикиизточник:Авторски права" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%A8:%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%9F_%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE" title="উইকিসংকলন:কপিরাইট নীতিমালা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উইকিসংকলন:কপিরাইট নীতিমালা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikisource.org/wiki/Viquitexts:Drets_d%27autor" title="Viquitexts:Drets d'autor – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Viquitexts:Drets d'autor" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikisource.org/wiki/Wikizdroje:Autorsk%C3%A9_pr%C3%A1vo" title="Wikizdroje:Autorské právo – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Wikizdroje:Autorské právo" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikisource.org/wiki/Wikisource:Ophavsret" title="Wikisource:Ophavsret – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Wikisource:Ophavsret" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/Wikisource:Urheberrecht" title="Wikisource:Urheberrecht – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wikisource:Urheberrecht" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%B8%CE%AE%CE%BA%CE%B7:%CE%A0%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC_%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1" title="Βικιθήκη:Πνευματικά δικαιώματα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βικιθήκη:Πνευματικά δικαιώματα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikisource.org/wiki/Wikisource:Copyrights" title="Wikisource:Copyrights – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Wikisource:Copyrights" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikisource.org/wiki/Vikitekstid:Autori%C3%B5igused" title="Vikitekstid:Autoriõigused – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Vikitekstid:Autoriõigused" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikisource.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%B4%D8%AA%D9%87:%D8%AD%D9%82_%D8%AA%DA%A9%D8%AB%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="ویکی‌نبشته:حق تکثیر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ویکی‌نبشته:حق تکثیر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Wikisource:Respect_du_copyright" title="Wikisource:Respect du copyright – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Wikisource:Respect du copyright" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%A4:%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B6%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A7%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0_%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF" title="વિકિસ્રોત:પ્રકાશનાધિકાર નીતિ – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="વિકિસ્રોત:પ્રકાશનાધિકાર નીતિ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikisource.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%98%D7%A7%D7%A1%D7%98:%D7%96%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A6%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9D" title="ויקיטקסט:זכויות יוצרים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ויקיטקסט:זכויות יוצרים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A4:%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF" title="विकिस्रोत:मुद्राधिकार स्थिति – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विकिस्रोत:मुद्राधिकार स्थिति" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikisource.org/wiki/Wikizvor:Autorska_prava" title="Wikizvor:Autorska prava – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Wikizvor:Autorska prava" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikisource.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%AB%D6%84%D5%AB%D5%A4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6:%D5%80%D5%A5%D5%B2%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%AB%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D6%84%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB_%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A3" title="Վիքիդարան:Հեղինակային իրավունքների կանոնակարգ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վիքիդարան:Հեղինակային իրավունքների կանոնակարգ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikisource.org/wiki/Wikisource:Kebijakan_hak_cipta" title="Wikisource:Kebijakan hak cipta – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Wikisource:Kebijakan hak cipta" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikisource.org/wiki/Wikisource:Rispetto_del_copyright" title="Wikisource:Rispetto del copyright – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Wikisource:Rispetto del copyright" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/Wikisource:%E8%91%97%E4%BD%9C%E6%A8%A9" title="Wikisource:著作権 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Wikisource:著作権" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikisource.org/wiki/Wikisumber:Hak_cipta" title="Wikisumber:Hak cipta – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Wikisumber:Hak cipta" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikisource.org/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%AC%B8%ED%97%8C:%EC%A0%80%EC%9E%91%EA%B6%8C_%EC%A0%95%EC%B1%85" title="위키문헌:저작권 정책 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="위키문헌:저작권 정책" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A5%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%82" title="വിക്കിഗ്രന്ഥശാല:പകർപ്പവകാശം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വിക്കിഗ്രന്ഥശാല:പകർപ്പവകാശം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikisource.org/wiki/Help:Auteursrecht" title="Help:Auteursrecht – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Help:Auteursrecht" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li 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