CINXE.COM

Just a moment...

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '913557886a00a042',cH: 'MWWHYANpW3MOgNb7X7P5IkboEL9.O6n.wQEK2.ZJqJg-1739790741-1.2.1.1-wiFCH35kvXB_IyKTCdpVLVgoAhJ0Y9XlDAEHfrr7TRgA.7__5VYlP_yhJRhPXR21',cUPMDTk: "\/10008002\/xml?__cf_chl_tk=ovLrK1QQSltmp0nDu6c21B0CU075OvShfvXfFNqiQLc-1739790741-1.0.1.1-sHBGz2twnnrWq1xv2SwLURzPGxJYjHUdXfBZkp6FSpI",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739790741',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/10008002\/xml?__cf_chl_f_tk=ovLrK1QQSltmp0nDu6c21B0CU075OvShfvXfFNqiQLc-1739790741-1.0.1.1-sHBGz2twnnrWq1xv2SwLURzPGxJYjHUdXfBZkp6FSpI",md: "exJVhlhnUoNY607pqJEM..HLZbBqpzKGQ2OxjCAWWsU-1739790741-1.2.1.1-4s7p8vhBg.DhQRrSctmh6uvYZjmIlNVR91RS548YnyRsnZQ50lhy1cAlFLfpqN9YFj9whmgGOA.DvCw6FzkyyIBOe9o1zavkwJdRvN.LsZIrqGKWUoczHya.bX5hBdJnP483lRgZ51B47DirnBuTyRLwXXpYgje4OjftULF34swAAxmHMVUJdsxv3wIrN4NAhqFsfRBW4dkGLIB3EO7JIBCHL6UPnWlulPI_4nPDfCYHFsYdmxgby19sjmNmyUO3L8tefGjlyLFVVMWsbkYkSWawSxHl.ANioqFf4XnCY48ncj0Ogld8ROCytkI.2WRWOH3jCyeWRi5TG5AjFgCsmvcTWR0HRrtah58aiEBDGl4LEWljK1EOZWBG1LQcp4KoexqxIe4mb3hE4rAPz4PUWGl3AsSLD4OAXDRPa9QbDytOnh3k0YziWU6ivkdAo5C_PMP1YxxUPimehXdYtSiZfh0iWwmFlFKN0Yd0oL5AdlrduVm82k3I.1UumkzGq9Zs48Z0FtpjXBXB6laomzVLnrkSkJJwqpPfXGxR0vj2E0dPb4AHBiE8X25EUFX56KmqaeLJhX6C9UiMA0CMFlnKlru0onHo2xyE9CTPODuALlMUibWMegOL.rsOawuCc0SvfP_Q4x.GnIinEM1DsKNbpTo4i7lFc1SCdaV8OdXZ_f5hfvwWXoDFw.3jLvpR1bh.zYVfPxrYSGeJH8VLZ.DLrRQFrlJ7IFX4.iyEXcIv5hTs3XZPXTfBGSQKnJHNE3XDBTqOYfuGkzfnRFNZldewRYTw03rJIqBCC..7dY5ekc7oSM_4HJNrMmsbaOBqWtRm5x4uoL_RsO188_McPLbuyJ4LiT6oUp1Q8C9iKdVxtgF2Bj6XEfnaVygCWxP5.lVeGuZJz.ypDAeG.fPI_OjDGGJZP3wJgCBNrGBy3Ol4.LnIPgIxVOhS7xehjtB1QvAytmJAKm_gUljxu1FKTSZh4lbddRz5Bpj9KfX.dBjTuW3Jghw6hKuiODcjxlAIWu7p4mn8xxMU52kCVU8egE_k04g7lFaNCiLtWtoH.5Eie752hTLEOw.8zuXjryMFMG.cW_Gqucsjgl36qGwllNtkETNi.kK.FcO.I_UB989RVt15Zgw5kEg1RzP7CFYxjvGMRsjqovfFQ2XAbOz3iqiZqP77amRA5CPHfBHMe26jLKzYegFoYgcpptiWQTzuZw5VlL3I7lxZ4weTl91.uIAM9taRNtUdtMQ22_Geydg3Ofj475u5vvC26HnO.E7UufJRJ2JekG0rKHtWno2uBnkDTiNmg6K3c94Z_5wMepekBFVu8aaoRrOFoXhjN2pODn1liuAkd7rvYw7rWERZ3uQ1S8vOPM7TA8RRsyyWJgbBrbdbsThHx6iXqJKHpzIg4wO0bzImSuWETXuYoakv8Lqn7lot0AUVvzM8NwCcsaiLyLbinBJGyOoqVRNdcuQ14IeASWbOjsbxT6wmjYuiunHjdaYPP2_lVoLg1r0hBGaWIT8VZg8ljYf85NMGW593yhCfVnMb2cKs_7TXnbReI4E2oz7TV2w4n5iDpizD0Qwvesu55R8jiWhxAH8v253w0rTcVJZi13e4cR2HqUeL09tpLzUCdIHQ.l46qsRVKfZ497tt.HtP3YKJhY1J02l.yUw3VluJ1FVVZ5GkTsOIAfZrK1oNBbn5Pe3FtwwMrJ9OEE_lMW9d.G9BcGqo997y0iviQkCZ0g8x.rtL0x_fjKO3EOmiTQ4NOAQKVKDb4PC9TSZRs199jEhOazGW9H7_A.04_9Kf16Wf45g5VfUtrkzEXjSsQi0lrI9fiHU6F17aLPS..PQbwS2JU.nCGcwYPdZKrfRZ1CSevA3fS4HA4fbekzzMT7FTeLcbGYbuKtbSwUk",mdrd: "n3ZUcAFsgdr3LjCuNS98FqDOIn3wYFwVNQu1Rl3t.dE-1739790741-1.2.1.1-nvb09_Uxbbx5JiRx7qNp2xZiefRHWFKkGzR6wy1kVxswGdr3oGIKvCKo3cTvA6Wml7ixhgyw3q4YzEF9C0XcKWKiZDkRMxBzl.sz73YgVWkGRNlCN3SPpt1G2TJWAKEWUJv56cyf1ZiwDIjJ.XDN_MSymw5WHtSPL9irybKesWSa_BYjSEGN5w3nexVAH._D1cxEgyBmL2Fe1CBsJB6tOEU4GbJcBJcE9C2wzGIiWC4q4ZFHTrPaBSd4aF_MxVfcIW9MMNtdgnfY.deUJ3NpJFvssCf7DOm8dUn1LvS6x3dLVXMvKKhqm7n1b7URUAITfPmKF9GwGKZ9PRmx7SrfOah1HE0timKxhsSNMs1lPKqldRCyFxXlOjiHG2lOWsnrlGv1nwJ3ZspWubRU6hmdRg1Eay4hBu9ujxfdmSVUjghS5RWTs4Aym.c0Cjj6IQjcoLycOZN49OnW5SGGMnR2qhD9FyPxwtmCxN3UOvfVY2s2zxFYotrrMKlwFrdocs.mSgHQqsxPrrwOIV1PCL._aTN.OewAg4S.uSnBCAUzCE7FN5QKH6hZ6cfduabiakITWjznNVVOucWooB2p0buHeGt_jevOjImyTf23a9QH_FktW6j2KGnrorldgIWHBmGfHAFNXZVeXRvPq9GNARXO7REs9.GNCCWsgdDedqBmXbt.ONll5yie.OrmmlsOxHYtb.GIr9iImG0z_8PDnJBFfA3oIuqwoocQOQ4YaXPl7t7afbCiGwD7Q_Bh4OMYzqo4SPbNJPQDSzUIfu3wCwZDVAwgG1pFsI_3C4pXaUb3060Oox5fYUB9aca98E6DnjpNZ7fKTbunP2kZekl9ex71808.HhJ9djceOXi7034e6ENPM9Zo8_7bgMxn4jHCYr4nRPMs65rGqyNPd9lZmmofdigPoc.w8H3g35VfcZ0709dwKo7c5nmVpupioUCSr8Z8VEk_jgz7OC89a0Nj1W.XECmdUSwojsVbDq8o_pNgFVFreYlNOHz8lF6Gq67JZxULhbKOiWNo4dq3U8cUICRIDc9AClgNxUg5e6eSC24AlBPOn2eoRrejwpUAAwcJCeQs2hSpdrnA779FJh2YcjbERX5JXMsi5vclSdquTJx.QU.2JMHTIWwUgykKRpWoApW0uhQbQg9Ui5dssJj1xoEThwJSS9LPncGHdRcF8vSrDw6mLueJVQVvd4L5Sw9rocpE3PsmpjZSjc.5Waw6_TfM7ZT9Y94Hh0VTvrlcBDjxbgrr4hlCHbPmH_A6nQXxlM.xSgV8AQRp7PaneqO_4Q.2AB2CCJeLynO3_8Sb093OVTeHgsPDzb940vLHHAmA5dusox3c2TiQiCKBwhCkrVz7vR_LSMTQRX8kas6mjvkOstMtFEmcFFhce59FngLDgpL4Plh26ymV9n36_SybGAJBz0iujs_D7g2hyKBrHqTEraaiWWbFlBWWqzg3HBiRLrIszCcgMZqk02PJQySqgw_Vq7s5tGWXMGhsl5ZK3V_tveklSYtaIVVyPcL3OQCvoipI58zcKg9LORaxyBYtheuUVIcnCenAffBblvGVt0HDHxCj6dmhtymJeXrTtgs2gOhke6s_I1Oiem0IVLIhuJM1kHUmSxeDXTfknaWIRijJL8DKlALtawRb37ZPeanm8ectf8HAeUTTPAvgrn.ttfelkrIK3kgpxqHWlEUcGqrzEY8I4hUNYv4BbAsZOr0M7p541gE7H8hR6wYBvEaFVYlcnIEClTjhHbiex3K1DcURTrS4HPArZ1xWOf08NHtlJO7IWEN3wdCpdpHK5K9AQDyAWRNA2lrJkjAHQFsQ8byLwXM8KydPNZgBTJ7CfSlm52Am9erpImtL0NMogOIxDP1WDlHZ1dilu3c4oF9Tm5b6ZNE9zCH9BwJbGnQkm0DEdzuYcPhbutJtsJnMeHJEm892eeN.gYi8aZh3E6fiYg.GIXoxvtGNz9mMy_l7hu7OKgnSzx1kw0UuaEmiCK8jgqwA2Q"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=913557886a00a042';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/10008002\/xml?__cf_chl_rt_tk=ovLrK1QQSltmp0nDu6c21B0CU075OvShfvXfFNqiQLc-1739790741-1.0.1.1-sHBGz2twnnrWq1xv2SwLURzPGxJYjHUdXfBZkp6FSpI" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>