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</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Function" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Function"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Function</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Function-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Expression" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Expression"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Expression</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Expression-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Anti-CD20_monoclonal_antibodies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anti-CD20_monoclonal_antibodies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Anti-CD20_monoclonal_antibodies-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Anti-CD20_monoclonal_antibodies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mechanism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mechanism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Mechanism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mechanism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_clinical_practise" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_clinical_practise"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>In clinical practise</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_clinical_practise-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Clinical_significance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Clinical_significance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Clinical significance</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Clinical_significance-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Clinical significance subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Clinical_significance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Diabetes_mellitus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Diabetes_mellitus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Diabetes mellitus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Diabetes_mellitus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Mammalian protein found in humans</div> <table class="infobox" style="width:26.4em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="4" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold">MS4A1</th></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Protein_MS4A1_PDB_1S8B.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Protein_MS4A1_PDB_1S8B.png/250px-Protein_MS4A1_PDB_1S8B.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Protein_MS4A1_PDB_1S8B.png/375px-Protein_MS4A1_PDB_1S8B.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Protein_MS4A1_PDB_1S8B.png/500px-Protein_MS4A1_PDB_1S8B.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#eee"><table style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr><th colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ddd">Available structures</th></tr><tr><th rowspan="2" style="background-color:#c3fdb8;width:43px"><a href="/wiki/Protein_Data_Bank" title="Protein Data Bank">PDB</a></th><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#eee">Ortholog search: <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe/searchResults.html?display=both&term=P19437%20or%20P11836">PDBe</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/search?q=rcsb_polymer_entity_container_identifiers.reference_sequence_identifiers.database_name:UniProt%20AND%20rcsb_polymer_entity_container_identifiers.reference_sequence_identifiers.database_accession:P19437,P11836">RCSB</a> </span></td></tr><tr><td><table class="collapsible collapsed" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr style="background-color:#ddd;text-align:center"><th colspan="2">List of PDB id codes</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#eee"><p><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3PP4">3PP4</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/2OSL">2OSL</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3BKY">3BKY</a></span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ddd">Identifiers</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:#c3fdb8"><span class="plainlinks"><a href="/wiki/Gene_nomenclature" title="Gene nomenclature">Aliases</a></span></th><td colspan="3" style="background:#eee"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc_id/7315">MS4A1</a></span>, B1, Bp35, CD20, CVID5, LEU-16, MS4A2, S7, membrane spanning 4-domains A1, FMC7</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:#c3fdb8">External IDs</th><td colspan="3" style="background-color:#eee"><span class="plainlinks"><a href="/wiki/Mendelian_Inheritance_in_Man" class="mw-redirect" title="Mendelian Inheritance in Man">OMIM</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://omim.org/entry/112210">112210</a>; <a href="/wiki/Mouse_Genome_Informatics" title="Mouse Genome Informatics">MGI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.informatics.jax.org/marker/MGI:88321">88321</a>; <a href="/wiki/HomoloGene" title="HomoloGene">HomoloGene</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=homologene&dopt=HomoloGene&list_uids=7259">7259</a>; <a href="/wiki/GeneCards" title="GeneCards">GeneCards</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=MS4A1">MS4A1</a>; <a href="/wiki/Orthologous_MAtrix" title="Orthologous MAtrix">OMA</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://omabrowser.org/oma/vps/ENSG00000156738">MS4A1 - orthologs</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#eee"><table class="collapsible collapsed" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr><th colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ddd">Gene location (<a href="/wiki/Human_genome" title="Human genome">Human</a>)</th></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#eee"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ideogram_human_chromosome_11.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chromosome 11 (human)"><img alt="Chromosome 11 (human)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Ideogram_human_chromosome_11.svg/300px-Ideogram_human_chromosome_11.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Ideogram_human_chromosome_11.svg/450px-Ideogram_human_chromosome_11.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Ideogram_human_chromosome_11.svg/600px-Ideogram_human_chromosome_11.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="474" data-file-height="189" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" width="15%" style="background-color:#c3fdb8"><a href="/wiki/Chromosome" title="Chromosome">Chr.</a></th><td colspan="3" width="85%" style="background-color:#eee"><span class="plainlinks"><a href="/wiki/Chromosome_11_(human)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chromosome 11 (human)">Chromosome 11 (human)</a><sup id="cite_ref-refGRCh38Ensembl_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-refGRCh38Ensembl-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#eee"><div align="center"><div style="position: relative; width: 300px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Human_chromosome_11_ideogram.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chromosome 11 (human)"><img alt="Chromosome 11 (human)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Human_chromosome_11_ideogram.svg/300px-Human_chromosome_11_ideogram.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Human_chromosome_11_ideogram.svg/450px-Human_chromosome_11_ideogram.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Human_chromosome_11_ideogram.svg/600px-Human_chromosome_11_ideogram.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1125" data-file-height="216" /></a></span><div style="position: absolute; left: 126.25081304222px; top: 2px; padding: 0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Genomic location for MS4A1"><img alt="Genomic location for MS4A1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg/14px-HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg/21px-HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg/28px-HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="142" data-file-height="142" /></a></span></div><div style="position: absolute; left: 132.3px; top: 19px; padding: 0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_rectangle_2x18.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Genomic location for MS4A1"><img alt="Genomic location for MS4A1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Red_rectangle_2x18.png" decoding="async" width="2" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2" data-file-height="18" /></a></span></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" rowspan="2" width="15%" style="background-color:#c3fdb8"><a href="/wiki/Locus_(genetics)" title="Locus (genetics)">Band</a></th><td rowspan="2" width="35%" style="background-color:#eee"><span class="plainlinks">11q12.2</span></td><th scope="row" style="background-color:#c3fdb8">Start</th><td style="background-color:#eee"><span class="plainlinks">60,455,846 <a href="/wiki/Base_pair" title="Base pair">bp</a><sup id="cite_ref-refGRCh38Ensembl_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-refGRCh38Ensembl-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:#c3fdb8">End</th><td style="background-color:#eee"><span class="plainlinks">60,470,752 <a href="/wiki/Base_pair" title="Base pair">bp</a><sup id="cite_ref-refGRCh38Ensembl_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-refGRCh38Ensembl-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#eee"><table class="collapsible collapsed" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr><th colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ddd">Gene location (<a href="/wiki/Laboratory_mouse" title="Laboratory mouse">Mouse</a>)</th></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#eee"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ideogram_house_mouse_chromosome_19.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chromosome 19 (mouse)"><img alt="Chromosome 19 (mouse)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Ideogram_house_mouse_chromosome_19.svg/260px-Ideogram_house_mouse_chromosome_19.svg.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Ideogram_house_mouse_chromosome_19.svg/390px-Ideogram_house_mouse_chromosome_19.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Ideogram_house_mouse_chromosome_19.svg/520px-Ideogram_house_mouse_chromosome_19.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="470" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" width="15%" style="background-color:#c3fdb8"><a href="/wiki/Chromosome" title="Chromosome">Chr.</a></th><td colspan="3" width="85%" style="background-color:#eee"><span class="plainlinks">Chromosome 19 (mouse)<sup id="cite_ref-refGRCm38Ensembl_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-refGRCm38Ensembl-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#eee"><div align="center"><div style="position: relative; width: 300px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ideogram_of_house_mouse_chromosome_19.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chromosome 19 (mouse)"><img alt="Chromosome 19 (mouse)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Ideogram_of_house_mouse_chromosome_19.svg/300px-Ideogram_of_house_mouse_chromosome_19.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Ideogram_of_house_mouse_chromosome_19.svg/450px-Ideogram_of_house_mouse_chromosome_19.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Ideogram_of_house_mouse_chromosome_19.svg/600px-Ideogram_of_house_mouse_chromosome_19.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="231" /></a></span><div style="position: absolute; left: 48.394513603811px; top: 2px; padding: 0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Genomic location for MS4A1"><img alt="Genomic location for MS4A1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg/14px-HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg/21px-HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg/28px-HSR_1996_II_3.5e.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="142" data-file-height="142" /></a></span></div><div style="position: absolute; left: 54.4px; top: 19px; padding: 0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_rectangle_2x18.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Genomic location for MS4A1"><img alt="Genomic location for MS4A1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Red_rectangle_2x18.png" decoding="async" width="2" height="18" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2" data-file-height="18" /></a></span></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" rowspan="2" width="15%" style="background-color:#c3fdb8"><a href="/wiki/Locus_(genetics)" title="Locus (genetics)">Band</a></th><td rowspan="2" width="35%" style="background-color:#eee"><span class="plainlinks">19 A|19 8.19 cM</span></td><th scope="row" style="background-color:#c3fdb8">Start</th><td style="background-color:#eee"><span class="plainlinks">11,227,039 <a href="/wiki/Base_pair" title="Base pair">bp</a><sup id="cite_ref-refGRCm38Ensembl_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-refGRCm38Ensembl-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:#c3fdb8">End</th><td style="background-color:#eee"><span class="plainlinks">11,243,605 <a href="/wiki/Base_pair" title="Base pair">bp</a><sup id="cite_ref-refGRCm38Ensembl_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-refGRCm38Ensembl-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#eee"><table class="collapsible collapsed" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr><th colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ddd"><a href="/wiki/Gene_expression" title="Gene expression">RNA expression</a> pattern</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:#c3fdb8"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bgee.org/">Bgee</a></th><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr><th><b><a href="/wiki/Human_genome" title="Human genome">Human</a></b></th><th><b><a href="/wiki/Laboratory_mouse" title="Laboratory mouse">Mouse</a> (ortholog)</b></th></tr><tr><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:center"><tbody><tr><td colspan="1"><span class="plainlinks" style="margin:-3px"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bgee.org/gene/ENSG00000156738">Top expressed in</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><div class="plainlinks" style="margin:-12px 0px -10px 0px"><ul style="line-height:15%;margin:9px"><li style="line-height: 137%;">epithelium of nasopharynx</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">spleen</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">lymph node</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">mucosa of ileum</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">appendix</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">granulocyte</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">blood</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">tonsil</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">bone marrow</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">superficial temporal artery</li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:center"><tbody><tr><td colspan="1"><span class="plainlinks" style="margin:-3px"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bgee.org/gene/ENSMUSG00000024673">Top expressed in</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><div class="plainlinks" style="margin:-12px 0px -10px 0px"><ul style="line-height:15%;margin:9px"><li style="line-height: 137%;">mesenteric lymph nodes</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">spleen</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">blood</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">oocyte</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">primary oocyte</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">submandibular gland</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">tibiofemoral joint</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">secondary oocyte</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">zygote</li><br /><li style="line-height: 137%;">Ileal epithelium</li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#eee"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bgee.org/gene/ENSG00000156738">More reference expression data</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:#c3fdb8"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://biogps.org/">BioGPS</a></th><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#eee"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PBB_GE_MS4A1_210356_x_at_fs.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/PBB_GE_MS4A1_210356_x_at_fs.png/250px-PBB_GE_MS4A1_210356_x_at_fs.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/PBB_GE_MS4A1_210356_x_at_fs.png/375px-PBB_GE_MS4A1_210356_x_at_fs.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/PBB_GE_MS4A1_210356_x_at_fs.png/500px-PBB_GE_MS4A1_210356_x_at_fs.png 2x" data-file-width="732" data-file-height="530" /></a></span><br /><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PBB_GE_MS4A1_217418_x_at_fs.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/PBB_GE_MS4A1_217418_x_at_fs.png/250px-PBB_GE_MS4A1_217418_x_at_fs.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/PBB_GE_MS4A1_217418_x_at_fs.png/375px-PBB_GE_MS4A1_217418_x_at_fs.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/PBB_GE_MS4A1_217418_x_at_fs.png/500px-PBB_GE_MS4A1_217418_x_at_fs.png 2x" data-file-width="732" data-file-height="530" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#eee"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://biogps.org/gene/931/">More reference expression data</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#eee"><table class="collapsible collapsed" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr><th colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ddd"><a href="/wiki/Gene_ontology" class="mw-redirect" title="Gene ontology">Gene ontology</a></th></tr><tr><td style="background-color:#c3fdb8;font-weight:bold">Molecular function</td><td style="background-color:#eee"><div class="plainlinks"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005154">epidermal growth factor receptor binding</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005515">protein binding</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0023026">MHC class II protein complex binding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td style="background-color:#c3fdb8;font-weight:bold">Cellular component</td><td style="background-color:#eee"><div class="plainlinks"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016021">integral component of membrane</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005886">plasma membrane</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005887">integral component of plasma membrane</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0070062">extracellular exosome</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0016020">membrane</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0009897">external side of plasma membrane</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005615">extracellular space</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0005634">nucleus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td style="background-color:#c3fdb8;font-weight:bold">Biological process</td><td style="background-color:#eee"><div class="plainlinks"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042113">B cell activation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0042100">B cell proliferation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0006959">humoral immune response</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0009617">response to bacterium</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="background-color:#eee;text-align:center">Sources:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amigo.geneontology.org/">Amigo</a> / <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/">QuickGO</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#eee"><table class="collapsible" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:left"><tbody><tr><th colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ddd"><a href="/wiki/Orthologs" class="mw-redirect" title="Orthologs">Orthologs</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:#c3fdb8">Species</th><td><b>Human</b></td><td><b>Mouse</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:#c3fdb8"><a href="/wiki/Entrez" title="Entrez">Entrez</a></th><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1"><span class="plainlinks"></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=gene&cmd=retrieve&dopt=default&list_uids=931&rn=1">931</a></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1"><span class="plainlinks"></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=gene&cmd=retrieve&dopt=default&list_uids=12482&rn=1">12482</a></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:#c3fdb8"><a href="/wiki/Ensembl" class="mw-redirect" title="Ensembl">Ensembl</a></th><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1"><span class="plainlinks"></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/geneview?gene=ENSG00000156738;db=core">ENSG00000156738</a></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1"><span class="plainlinks"></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ensembl.org/Mus_musculus/geneview?gene=ENSMUSG00000024673;db=core">ENSMUSG00000024673</a></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:#c3fdb8"><a href="/wiki/UniProt" title="UniProt">UniProt</a></th><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1"><span class="plainlinks"></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P11836">P11836</a></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1"><span class="plainlinks"></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P19437">P19437</a></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:#c3fdb8">RefSeq (mRNA)</th><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1" class="plainlinks"></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_152866">NM_152866</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_021950">NM_021950</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_152867">NM_152867</a></span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1" class="plainlinks"></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NM_007641">NM_007641</a></span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:#c3fdb8">RefSeq (protein)</th><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1" class="plainlinks"></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_068769">NP_068769</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_690605">NP_690605</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_690606">NP_690606</a></span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td><td><table class="none" style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:right"><tbody><tr><th colspan="1" class="plainlinks"></th></tr><tr><td colspan="1"><p><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/viewer.fcgi?val=NP_031667">NP_031667</a></span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:#c3fdb8">Location (UCSC)</th><td><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgTracks?org=Human&db=hg38&position=chr11:60455846-60470752">Chr 11: 60.46 – 60.47 Mb</a></span></td><td><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgTracks?org=Mouse&db=mm0&position=chr19:11227039-11243605">Chr 19: 11.23 – 11.24 Mb</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="background-color:#c3fdb8"><a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PubMed</a> search</th><td><span class="plainlinks"><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td><td><span class="plainlinks"><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#eee"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:center;background-color:#eee"><table style="padding:0;border:none;margin:0;width:100%;text-align:center"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#eee;text-align:center"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14906101" class="extiw" title="d:Q14906101">View/Edit Human</a></td><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#eee;text-align:center"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14906102" class="extiw" title="d:Q14906102">View/Edit Mouse</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <p> <b>B-lymphocyte antigen CD20</b> or <b>CD20</b> is B lymphocyte cell-surface molecule. </p><p>It is a 33-37 kDa <a href="/wiki/Glycosylation" title="Glycosylation">non-glycosylated</a> protein. CD20 is expressed on the surface of <a href="/wiki/B-cells" class="mw-redirect" title="B-cells">B-cells</a> from the pre-B phase, the expression is lost in terminally differentiated <a href="/wiki/Plasma_cell" title="Plasma cell">plasma cells</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Paul0807_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Paul0807-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Pavlasova_2020_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pavlasova_2020-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>CD20 is used as a therapeutical target of B-cell malignancies and autoimmune diseases.<sup id="cite_ref-Pavlasova_2020_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pavlasova_2020-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gene">Gene</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=CD20&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Gene"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In humans CD20 is encoded by the <i>MS4A1</i> <a href="/wiki/Gene" title="Gene">gene</a> localized to 11q12.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid2448768_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid2448768-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-entrez_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-entrez-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The gene is 16 kbp long and consists of 8 exons. There are at least 3 mRNA transcripts (resulting from <a href="/wiki/Alternative_splicing" title="Alternative splicing">alternative splicing</a>), that are all translated into an identical full-length CD20 protein product.<sup id="cite_ref-Pavlasova_2020_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pavlasova_2020-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-entrez_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-entrez-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Variants 1 and 2 are poorly <a href="/wiki/Translation_(biology)" title="Translation (biology)">translated</a> due to inhibitory <a href="/wiki/Upstream_open_reading_frame" title="Upstream open reading frame">upstream open reading frames</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stem-loop" title="Stem-loop">stem-loop</a> structures within their 5' <a href="/wiki/Untranslated_region" title="Untranslated region">untranslated regions</a>. The relative abundance of translation-competent variant 3, as opposed to the poorly translated variants 1 and 2, may be a key determinant of CD20 levels in normal and malignant human B cells and their responses to CD20-directed <a href="/wiki/Cancer_immunotherapy" title="Cancer immunotherapy">immunotherapies</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>MS4A1</i> gene is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Membrane-spanning_4A" title="Membrane-spanning 4A">membrane-spanning 4A</a> gene family. Members of this nascent protein family are characterized by common structural features and similar <a href="/wiki/Intron" title="Intron">intron</a>/<a href="/wiki/Exon" title="Exon">exon</a> splice boundaries and display unique expression patterns among <a href="/wiki/Hematopoietic" class="mw-redirect" title="Hematopoietic">hematopoietic</a> cells and non-lymphoid tissues.<sup id="cite_ref-entrez_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-entrez-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=CD20&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>CD20 is a transmembrane protein consisting of four <a href="/wiki/Hydrophobe" title="Hydrophobe">hydrophobic</a> transmembrane domains, one intracellular domain and two extracellular loops. There are three different forms of CD20 according to variable phosphorylation. </p><p>CD20 is located on the cell surface as homo-dimeric and homo-tetrameric oligomers. It is associated with other cell-surface and cytoplasmic proteins connected to the <a href="/wiki/Signal_transduction" title="Signal transduction">signal transduction</a> (<a href="/wiki/CD53" title="CD53">CD53</a>, <a href="/wiki/CD81" title="CD81">CD81</a>, <a href="/wiki/CD82_(gene)" title="CD82 (gene)">CD82</a>). </p><p>CD20 is also known to be physically coupled to <a href="/wiki/MHC_class_II" title="MHC class II">major histocompatibility complex class II</a> (MHCII), <a href="/wiki/CD40_(protein)" title="CD40 (protein)">CD40</a> and <a href="/wiki/B-cell_receptor" title="B-cell receptor">B-cell receptor</a> (BCR).<sup id="cite_ref-Pavlasova_2020_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pavlasova_2020-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Function">Function</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=CD20&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Function"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The biological function of CD20 as well as its natural <a href="/wiki/Ligand_(biochemistry)" title="Ligand (biochemistry)">ligand</a> is not fully elucidated.<sup id="cite_ref-Pavlasova_2020_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pavlasova_2020-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid15564720_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid15564720-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>CD20 deletion in mice does not impair B-cell differentiation, isotype switch, maturation, proliferation or tissue localization. However, CD20−/− mice show decreased <a href="/wiki/Humoral_immunity" title="Humoral immunity">humoral immunity</a> responses in both T-cell dependent and T-cell independent manner.<sup id="cite_ref-Pavlasova_2020_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pavlasova_2020-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Functional studies suggest that CD20 molecule is required for efficient BCR signaling. It possibly acts as a calcium channel (CD20 has structural similarities with some known <a href="/wiki/Ion_channel" title="Ion channel">ion channels</a>) or is directly connected to calcium flux. </p><p>It is not fully understood, if other molecular pathways or B and T-cell interactions might be affected by CD20 levels on the B-cell surface.<sup id="cite_ref-Pavlasova_2020_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pavlasova_2020-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Casan_2018_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Casan_2018-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Expression">Expression</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=CD20&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Expression"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>CD20 is expressed on all stages of B cell development from pre-B cells in the bone-marrow through immature, <a href="/wiki/Naive_B_cell" title="Naive B cell">naive</a>, mature and <a href="/wiki/Memory_B_cell" title="Memory B cell">memory cells</a> in <a href="/wiki/Lymphoid_tissue" class="mw-redirect" title="Lymphoid tissue">lymphoid tissues</a> and blood. The expression is lost on plasma blasts and <a href="/wiki/Plasma_cells" class="mw-redirect" title="Plasma cells">plasma cells</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-isbn0-8153-4123-7_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isbn0-8153-4123-7-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bona_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bona-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>CD20 is a marker of B cell malignancies. It is found on B-cell <a href="/wiki/Lymphomas" class="mw-redirect" title="Lymphomas">lymphomas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hairy_cell_leukemia" title="Hairy cell leukemia">hairy cell leukemia</a>, B-cell <a href="/wiki/Chronic_lymphocytic_leukemia" title="Chronic lymphocytic leukemia">chronic lymphocytic leukemia</a>, and melanoma <a href="/wiki/Cancer_stem_cell" title="Cancer stem cell">cancer stem cells</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid16230395_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid16230395-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Immunohistochemistry" title="Immunohistochemistry">Immunohistochemistry</a> can be used to determine the presence of CD20 on cells in <a href="/wiki/Histopathology" title="Histopathology">histological</a> tissue sections. Because CD20 remains present on the cells of most B-cell <a href="/wiki/Neoplasm" title="Neoplasm">neoplasms</a>, and is absent on otherwise similar appearing <a href="/wiki/T-cell" class="mw-redirect" title="T-cell">T-cell</a> neoplasms, it can be very useful in diagnosing conditions such as B-cell lymphomas and leukaemias. </p><p>However, the presence or absence of CD20 in such tumours is not relevant to prognosis, with the progression of the disease being much the same in either case. CD20 positive cells are also sometimes found in cases of <a href="/wiki/Hodgkins_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Hodgkins disease">Hodgkins disease</a>, <a href="/wiki/Myeloma" class="mw-redirect" title="Myeloma">myeloma</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Thymoma" title="Thymoma">thymoma</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Leong_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leong-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Even though B cells represent the majority of CD20+ cells, a subset of CD3+ T cells also expresses CD20. CD20+ T cells are mostly CD8+ effector memory T cells with proinflammatory features. Further work is needed to understand the contribution of these cells to immune responses.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Anti-CD20_monoclonal_antibodies">Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=CD20&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The targeting of CD20 molecule is highly effective way to deplete B-cell populations.<sup id="cite_ref-Casan_2018_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Casan_2018-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thus, anti-CD20 <a href="/wiki/Monoclonal_antibody" title="Monoclonal antibody">monoclonal antibodies</a> (mAbs) play a crucial role in the management of <a href="/wiki/B-cell_malignancies" class="mw-redirect" title="B-cell malignancies">B cell malignancies</a> as well as some inflammatory and <a href="/wiki/Autoimmune_disease" title="Autoimmune disease">autoimmune diseases</a>. The first anti-CD20 mAb approved by FDA in 1997 was <b><a href="/wiki/Rituximab" title="Rituximab">Rituximab</a></b>, defining a new epoch in <a href="/wiki/Haematooncology" class="mw-redirect" title="Haematooncology">hematooncology</a>. </p><p>The advantages of CD20 as a therapeutic target are: </p> <ul><li><b>conserved expression</b> CD20 is expressed on the surface of virtually all mature B-cells. The expression on malignous B-cells is also relatively constant.</li> <li><b>limited off-target toxicity</b> Anti-CD20 therapy does not affect hematopoietic stem cells and plasma cells, since they do not express CD20. It is important for B-cell repopulation following the therapy and retaining humoral protection against previously encountered pathogens via plasma cells, respectively.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Epitope" title="Epitope">epitope</a> stability</b> The extracellular loops of CD20 are conserved sequences and undergo only a little <a href="/wiki/Post-translational_modification" title="Post-translational modification">post-translational modifications</a>. It provides stable and predictable binding epitopes for mAbs.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mechanism">Mechanism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=CD20&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Mechanism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mechanism of action of anti-CD20 effects include:<sup id="cite_ref-Casan_2018_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Casan_2018-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Marshall_2017_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marshall_2017-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><b>Complement dependent cytotoxicity</b> Anti-CD20 mAbs interact with <a href="/wiki/Complement_component_1q" title="Complement component 1q">C1q complement protein</a>, leading to <a href="/wiki/Classical_complement_pathway" title="Classical complement pathway">classical complement pathway</a> activation and eventual <a href="/wiki/Complement-dependent_cytotoxicity" title="Complement-dependent cytotoxicity">complement dependent cytotoxicity</a>.</li> <li><b>Fcγ receptor mediated effects</b> Fcγ receptors expressed on <a href="/wiki/Neutrophil" title="Neutrophil">neutrophils</a>, <a href="/wiki/Natural_killer_cell" title="Natural killer cell">NK cells</a> or <a href="/wiki/Macrophage" title="Macrophage">macrophages</a> interact with <a href="/wiki/Fc_immunoglobulin" class="mw-redirect" title="Fc immunoglobulin">Fc part</a> of anti-CD20 mAb. The interaction leads to enhanced cytotoxic activity of NK cells (<a href="/wiki/Antibody-dependent_cellular_cytotoxicity" title="Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity">antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Phagocytosis" title="Phagocytosis">phagocytosis</a> by macrophages and neutrophils (antibody-dependent cell-mediated phagocytosis).</li> <li><b>Hyper-crosslinking</b> The accumulation of anti-CD20 mAbs on the cell surface may cause caspase-dependent <a href="/wiki/Apoptosis" title="Apoptosis">apoptotic cell death</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_clinical_practise">In clinical practise</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=CD20&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: In clinical practise"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Examples of anti-CD20 mAbs and their approval status:<sup id="cite_ref-Marshall_2017_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marshall_2017-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Generic name </th> <th>Format </th> <th>Indication </th> <th>Approval status <p>(<a href="/wiki/FDA_Food_Safety_Modernization_Act" title="FDA Food Safety Modernization Act">FDA/</a>EMA) </p> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Rituximab </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chimeric_protein" class="mw-redirect" title="Chimeric protein">chimeric</a> IgG1 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Non-Hodgkin_lymphoma" title="Non-Hodgkin lymphoma">NHL</a> </td> <td>1998/1997 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ibritumomab </td> <td>mouse IgG1 </td> <td>NHL </td> <td>2002/2004 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ofatumumab </td> <td>human IgG1 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chronic_lymphocytic_leukemia" title="Chronic lymphocytic leukemia">CLL</a>, <a href="/wiki/Multiple_sclerosis" title="Multiple sclerosis">MS</a> </td> <td>2009/2009 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Obinutuzumab </td> <td>humanized IgG1 </td> <td>CLL </td> <td>2013/2014 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ocrelizumab </td> <td>humanized IgG1 </td> <td>MS </td> <td>2017/2018 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Veltuzumab </td> <td>humanized IgG1 </td> <td>NHL, CLL, <a href="/wiki/Immune_thrombocytopenic_purpura" title="Immune thrombocytopenic purpura">ITP</a> </td> <td>clinical trials </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ublituximab </td> <td>chimeric IgG1 </td> <td>CLL, MS </td> <td>clinical trials </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ocaratuzumab </td> <td>humanized IgG1 </td> <td>CLL </td> <td>clinical trials </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>CD20 is the target of the mAbs <a href="/wiki/Rituximab" title="Rituximab">rituximab</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ocrelizumab" title="Ocrelizumab">ocrelizumab</a>, <a href="/wiki/Obinutuzumab" title="Obinutuzumab">obinutuzumab</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ofatumumab" title="Ofatumumab">ofatumumab</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ibritumomab_tiuxetan" title="Ibritumomab tiuxetan">ibritumomab tiuxetan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tositumomab" title="Tositumomab">tositumomab</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ublituximab" title="Ublituximab">ublituximab</a>, which are all active agents in the treatment of all B cell <a href="/wiki/Lymphoma" title="Lymphoma">lymphomas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leukemias" class="mw-redirect" title="Leukemias">leukemias</a>, and B cell-mediated autoimmune diseases. </p><p>The anti-CD20 mAB <a href="/wiki/Ofatumumab" title="Ofatumumab">ofatumumab</a> (<a href="/wiki/Genmab" title="Genmab">Genmab</a>) was approved by FDA in October 2009 for <a href="/wiki/Chronic_lymphocytic_leukemia" title="Chronic lymphocytic leukemia">chronic lymphocytic leukemia</a>. </p><p>The anti-CD20 mAB <a href="/wiki/Obinutuzumab" title="Obinutuzumab">obinutuzumab</a> (Gazyva) was approved by FDA in November 2013 for <a href="/wiki/Chronic_lymphocytic_leukemia" title="Chronic lymphocytic leukemia">chronic lymphocytic leukemia</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Ocrelizumab" title="Ocrelizumab">Ocrelizumab</a> was approved by the FDA in March 2017 for <a href="/wiki/Multiple_sclerosis" title="Multiple sclerosis">multiple sclerosis</a> as the first treatment of the primary progressive form of MS. Clinical trials in <a href="/wiki/Rheumatoid_arthritis" title="Rheumatoid arthritis">rheumatoid arthritis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Systemic_lupus_erythematosus" class="mw-redirect" title="Systemic lupus erythematosus">systemic lupus erythematosus</a> were discontinued in 2010 due to an infection related safety risk.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although phase II trials for the use of <a href="/wiki/Rituximab" title="Rituximab">Rituximab</a> in <a href="/wiki/Myalgic_encephalomyelitis" class="mw-redirect" title="Myalgic encephalomyelitis">myalgic encephalomyelitis</a> showed promising results, these could not be replicated in a large randomized controlled trial <sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and preliminary results from a Phase III trial were negative.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Additional anti-CD20 antibody therapeutics under development (phase II or III clinical trials in 2008) include : </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Obinutuzumab" title="Obinutuzumab">Obinutuzumab</a> for <a href="/wiki/Systemic_lupus_erythematosus" class="mw-redirect" title="Systemic lupus erythematosus">systemic lupus erythematosus</a>,</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocaratuzumab" title="Ocaratuzumab">Ocaratuzumab</a> for <a href="/wiki/Follicular_lymphoma" title="Follicular lymphoma">follicular lymphoma</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rheumatoid_arthritis" title="Rheumatoid arthritis">rheumatoid arthritis</a>,</li> <li>TRU-015 (by <a href="/wiki/Trubion" title="Trubion">Trubion</a>), (discontinued in 2010<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</li> <li>IMMU-106 (<a href="/wiki/Veltuzumab" title="Veltuzumab">veltuzumab</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for <a href="/wiki/Non-Hodgkin%27s_lymphoma" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma">non-Hodgkin's lymphoma</a> or (2015) <a href="/wiki/Immune_thrombocytopenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Immune thrombocytopenia">immune thrombocytopenia</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Clinical_significance">Clinical significance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=CD20&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Clinical significance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Diabetes_mellitus">Diabetes mellitus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=CD20&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Diabetes mellitus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A link between the <a href="/wiki/Immune_system" title="Immune system">immune system</a>'s <a href="/wiki/B_cells" class="mw-redirect" title="B cells">B cells</a> and <a href="/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus" class="mw-redirect" title="Diabetes mellitus">diabetes mellitus</a> has been determined.<sup id="cite_ref-Winer_2011_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Winer_2011-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In cases of <a href="/wiki/Obesity" title="Obesity">obesity</a>, the presence of fatty tissues surrounding the body's major organ systems results in cell <a href="/wiki/Necrosis" title="Necrosis">necrosis</a> and insulin insensitivity along the boundary between them. Eventually, the contents of fat cells that would otherwise have been digested by insulin are shed into the bloodstream. An <a href="/wiki/Inflammation" title="Inflammation">inflammation</a> response that mobilizes both <a href="/wiki/T_cells" class="mw-redirect" title="T cells">T</a> and <a href="/wiki/B_cells" class="mw-redirect" title="B cells">B cells</a> results in the creation of <a href="/wiki/Antibodies" class="mw-redirect" title="Antibodies">antibodies</a> against these cells, causing them to become less responsive to <a href="/wiki/Insulin" title="Insulin">insulin</a> by an as-yet-unknown mechanism and promoting <a href="/wiki/Hypertension" title="Hypertension">hypertension</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hypertriglyceridemia" title="Hypertriglyceridemia">hypertriglyceridemia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Arteriosclerosis" title="Arteriosclerosis">arteriosclerosis</a>, hallmarks of the <a href="/wiki/Metabolic_syndrome" title="Metabolic syndrome">metabolic syndrome</a>. </p><p>Obese mice administered anti-B cell CD-20 antibodies, however, did not become less responsive to insulin and as a result, did not develop diabetes mellitus or the metabolic syndrome, the posited mechanism being that anti-CD20 antibodies rendered the T cell antibodies dysfunctional and therefore powerless to cause insulin insensitivity by a B cell antibody-modulated autoimmune response. The protection afforded by anti-CD-20 lasted approximately forty days—the time it takes the body to replenish its supply of B cells—after which repetition was necessary to restore it. Hence, it has been argued that diabetes mellitus be reclassified as an <a href="/wiki/Autoimmune_disease" title="Autoimmune disease">autoimmune disease</a> rather than a purely metabolic one and focus treatment for it on immune system modulation.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=CD20&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-refGRCh38Ensembl-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-refGRCh38Ensembl_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-refGRCh38Ensembl_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-refGRCh38Ensembl_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://May2017.archive.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Gene/Summary?db=core;g=ENSG00000156738">GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000156738</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ensembl_genome_database_project" title="Ensembl genome database project">Ensembl</a>, May 2017</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-refGRCm38Ensembl-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-refGRCm38Ensembl_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-refGRCm38Ensembl_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-refGRCm38Ensembl_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://May2017.archive.ensembl.org/Mus_musculus/Gene/Summary?db=core;g=ENSMUSG00000024673">GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000024673</a> – <a 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Lecturio+Medical+Concept+Library&rft.atitle=Diabetes+Mellitus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lecturio.com%2Fconcepts%2Fdiabetes-mellitus%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACD20" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=CD20&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacardleNicholson2003" class="citation journal cs1">Macardle PJ, Nicholson IC (2003). "CD20". <i>Journal of Biological Regulators and Homeostatic Agents</i>. <b>16</b> (2): 136–138. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12144126">12144126</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biological+Regulators+and+Homeostatic+Agents&rft.atitle=CD20&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=136-138&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F12144126&rft.aulast=Macardle&rft.aufirst=PJ&rft.au=Nicholson%2C+IC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACD20" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTamayoseSatoAndoSugimoto2002" class="citation journal cs1">Tamayose K, Sato N, Ando J, Sugimoto K, Oshimi K (December 2002). 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"Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". <i>Gene</i>. <b>200</b> (1–2): 149–156. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0378-1119%2897%2900411-3">10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9373149">9373149</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gene&rft.atitle=Construction+and+characterization+of+a+full+length-enriched+and+a+5%27-end-enriched+cDNA+library&rft.volume=200&rft.issue=1%E2%80%932&rft.pages=149-156&rft.date=1997-10&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0378-1119%2897%2900411-3&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F9373149&rft.aulast=Suzuki&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.au=Yoshitomo-Nakagawa%2C+K&rft.au=Maruyama%2C+K&rft.au=Suyama%2C+A&rft.au=Sugano%2C+S&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACD20" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=CD20&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?name=CD20+antigen">CD20+antigen</a> at the U.S. National Library of Medicine <a href="/wiki/Medical_Subject_Headings" title="Medical Subject Headings">Medical Subject Headings</a> (MeSH)</li> <li>representations of the shape are found <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rheuma-online.de/medikamente/rituximab-mabthera/detail/wirkmechanismus.html">here</a> and more detail <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101020230054/http://bloodjournal.hematologylibrary.org/cgi/content/full/104/9/2635/FIG1">here</a></li> <li>Human <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgTracks?db=hg38&singleSearch=knownCanonical&position=MS4A1"><i>MS4A1</i></a> genome location and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgGene?db=hg38&hgg_type=knownGene&hgg_gene=MS4A1"><i>MS4A1</i></a> gene details page in the <a href="/wiki/UCSC_Genome_Browser" title="UCSC Genome Browser">UCSC Genome Browser</a>.</li> <li>Human <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgTracks?db=hg38&singleSearch=knownCanonical&position=MS4A2"><i>MS4A2</i></a> genome location and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgGene?db=hg38&hgg_type=knownGene&hgg_gene=MS4A2"><i>MS4A2</i></a> gene details page in the <a href="/wiki/UCSC_Genome_Browser" title="UCSC Genome Browser">UCSC Genome Browser</a>.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output 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("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Proteins:_clusters_of_differentiation_(see_also_list_of_human_clusters_of_differentiation)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e7dcc3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Clusters_of_differentiation" title="Template:Clusters of differentiation"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Clusters_of_differentiation" title="Template talk:Clusters of differentiation"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Clusters_of_differentiation" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Clusters of differentiation"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Proteins:_clusters_of_differentiation_(see_also_list_of_human_clusters_of_differentiation)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">Proteins</a>: <a href="/wiki/Cluster_of_differentiation" title="Cluster of differentiation">clusters of differentiation</a> (see also <a href="/wiki/List_of_human_clusters_of_differentiation" title="List of human clusters of differentiation">list of human clusters of differentiation</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite">1–50</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CD1" title="CD1">CD1</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Group_1_CD1" class="mw-redirect" title="Group 1 CD1">a-c</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD1A" title="CD1A">1A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD1b" title="CD1b">1B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD1D" title="CD1D">1D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD1E" title="CD1E">1E</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD2" title="CD2">CD2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD3_(immunology)" title="CD3 (immunology)">CD3</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CD3G" title="CD3G">γ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD3D" title="CD3D">δ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD3E" class="mw-redirect" title="CD3E">ε</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD4" title="CD4">CD4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD5_(protein)" title="CD5 (protein)">CD5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD6" title="CD6">CD6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD7" title="CD7">CD7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD8" title="CD8">CD8</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CD8A" title="CD8A">a</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD9" title="CD9">CD9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neprilysin" title="Neprilysin">CD10</a></li> <li><i>CD11</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CD11a" class="mw-redirect" title="CD11a">a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integrin_alpha_M" title="Integrin alpha M">b</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD11c" class="mw-redirect" title="CD11c">c</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITGAD" class="mw-redirect" title="ITGAD">d</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alanine_aminopeptidase" title="Alanine aminopeptidase">CD13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD14" title="CD14">CD14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD15" class="mw-redirect" title="CD15">CD15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD16" title="CD16">CD16</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FCGR3A" title="FCGR3A">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FCGR3B" title="FCGR3B">B</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD18" class="mw-redirect" title="CD18">CD18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD19" title="CD19">CD19</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">CD20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Complement_receptor_2" title="Complement receptor 2">CD21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD22" title="CD22">CD22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD23" title="CD23">CD23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD24" title="CD24">CD24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IL2RA" title="IL2RA">CD25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dipeptidyl_peptidase-4" title="Dipeptidyl peptidase-4">CD26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD27" title="CD27">CD27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD28" title="CD28">CD28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integrin_beta_1" title="Integrin beta 1">CD29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD30" title="CD30">CD30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD31" title="CD31">CD31</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD32" title="CD32">CD32</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FCGR2A" title="FCGR2A">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FCGR2B" title="FCGR2B">B</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD33" title="CD33">CD33</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD34" title="CD34">CD34</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Complement_receptor_1" title="Complement receptor 1">CD35</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD36" title="CD36">CD36</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD37" title="CD37">CD37</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD38" title="CD38">CD38</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ENTPD1" title="ENTPD1">CD39</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD40_(protein)" title="CD40 (protein)">CD40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITGA2B" class="mw-redirect" title="ITGA2B">CD41</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glycoprotein_Ib" title="Glycoprotein Ib">CD42</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glycoprotein_IX" title="Glycoprotein IX">a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GP1BA" title="GP1BA">b</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GP1BB" title="GP1BB">c</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GP5_(gene)" title="GP5 (gene)">d</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD43" title="CD43">CD43</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD44" title="CD44">CD44</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PTPRC" title="PTPRC">CD45</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD46" title="CD46">CD46</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD47" title="CD47">CD47</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD48" title="CD48">CD48</a></li> <li><i>CD49</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CD49a" class="mw-redirect" title="CD49a">a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD49b" class="mw-redirect" title="CD49b">b</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD49c" class="mw-redirect" title="CD49c">c</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD49d" class="mw-redirect" title="CD49d">d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITGA5" class="mw-redirect" title="ITGA5">e</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITGA6" class="mw-redirect" title="ITGA6">f</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICAM3" title="ICAM3">CD50</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite">51–100</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ITGAV" class="mw-redirect" title="ITGAV">CD51</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD52" title="CD52">CD52</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD53" title="CD53">CD53</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICAM-1" title="ICAM-1">CD54</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decay-accelerating_factor" title="Decay-accelerating factor">CD55</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neural_cell_adhesion_molecule" title="Neural cell adhesion molecule">CD56</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B3GAT1" title="B3GAT1">CD57</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD58" title="CD58">CD58</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD59" title="CD59">CD59</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD61" class="mw-redirect" title="CD61">CD61</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selectin" title="Selectin">CD62</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/E-selectin" title="E-selectin">E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L-selectin" title="L-selectin">L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-selectin" title="P-selectin">P</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD63" title="CD63">CD63</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD64_(biology)" title="CD64 (biology)">CD64</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FCGR1A" title="FCGR1A">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FCGR1B" class="mw-redirect" title="FCGR1B">B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FCGR1C" class="mw-redirect" title="FCGR1C">C</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carcinoembryonic_antigen" title="Carcinoembryonic antigen">CD66</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CEACAM1" title="CEACAM1">a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CEACAM8" title="CEACAM8">b</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CEACAM6" title="CEACAM6">c</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CEACAM3" title="CEACAM3">d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CEACAM5" title="CEACAM5">e</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PSG1_(gene)" class="mw-redirect" title="PSG1 (gene)">f</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD68" title="CD68">CD68</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD69" title="CD69">CD69</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD70" title="CD70">CD70</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TFRC" class="mw-redirect" title="TFRC">CD71</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD72" title="CD72">CD72</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NT5E" title="NT5E">CD73</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD74" title="CD74">CD74</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD78" title="CD78">CD78</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD79" title="CD79">CD79</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CD79A" title="CD79A">a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD79B" title="CD79B">b</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD80" title="CD80">CD80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD81" title="CD81">CD81</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD82_(gene)" title="CD82 (gene)">CD82</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD83" title="CD83">CD83</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD84" title="CD84">CD84</a></li> <li><i>CD85</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LILRB3" title="LILRB3">a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LILRB2" title="LILRB2">d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LILRA3" title="LILRA3">e</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LILRA2" title="LILRA2">h</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LILRB1" title="LILRB1">j</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LILRB4" title="LILRB4">k</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD86" title="CD86">CD86</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urokinase_receptor" title="Urokinase receptor">CD87</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C5a_receptor" title="C5a receptor">CD88</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FCAR" title="FCAR">CD89</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD90" title="CD90">CD90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LRP1" title="LRP1">CD91</a> - <a href="/wiki/SLC44A1" class="mw-redirect" title="SLC44A1">CD92</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD93" title="CD93">CD93</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KLRD1" title="KLRD1">CD94</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fas_receptor" title="Fas receptor">CD95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD96" title="CD96">CD96</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD97" title="CD97">CD97</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD98" title="CD98">CD98</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD99" title="CD99">CD99</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SEMA4D" title="SEMA4D">CD100</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite">101–150</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IGSF2" title="IGSF2">CD101</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICAM2" title="ICAM2">CD102</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITGAE" title="ITGAE">CD103</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITGB4" class="mw-redirect" title="ITGB4">CD104</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endoglin" title="Endoglin">CD105</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VCAM-1" title="VCAM-1">CD106</a></li> <li><i>CD107</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LAMP1" title="LAMP1">a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LAMP2" title="LAMP2">b</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SEMA7A" title="SEMA7A">CD108</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD109" title="CD109">CD109</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myeloproliferative_leukemia_virus_oncogene" class="mw-redirect" title="Myeloproliferative leukemia virus oncogene">CD110</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PVRL1" class="mw-redirect" title="PVRL1">CD111</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PVRL2" class="mw-redirect" title="PVRL2">CD112</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PVRL3" class="mw-redirect" title="PVRL3">CD113</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granulocyte_colony-stimulating_factor_receptor" title="Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor">CD114</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colony_stimulating_factor_1_receptor" title="Colony stimulating factor 1 receptor">CD115</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granulocyte_macrophage_colony-stimulating_factor_receptor" class="mw-redirect" title="Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor">CD116</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KIT_(gene)" title="KIT (gene)">CD117</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leukemia_inhibitory_factor_receptor" title="Leukemia inhibitory factor receptor">CD118</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interferon_gamma_receptor_1" title="Interferon gamma receptor 1">CD119</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD120" title="CD120">CD120</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/TNFRSF1A" class="mw-redirect" title="TNFRSF1A">a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TNFRSF1B" class="mw-redirect" title="TNFRSF1B">b</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>CD121</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Interleukin_1_receptor,_type_I" title="Interleukin 1 receptor, type I">a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interleukin_1_receptor,_type_II" title="Interleukin 1 receptor, type II">b</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IL2RB" title="IL2RB">CD122</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IL3RA" title="IL3RA">CD123</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interleukin-4_receptor" title="Interleukin-4 receptor">CD124</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interleukin_5_receptor_alpha_subunit" title="Interleukin 5 receptor alpha subunit">CD125</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interleukin-6_receptor" title="Interleukin-6 receptor">CD126</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interleukin-7_receptor" title="Interleukin-7 receptor">CD127</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interleukin-9_receptor" title="Interleukin-9 receptor">CD129</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glycoprotein_130" title="Glycoprotein 130">CD130</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CSF2RB" title="CSF2RB">CD131</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_gamma_chain" title="Common gamma chain">CD132</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD133" title="CD133">CD133</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD134" title="CD134">CD134</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD135" title="CD135">CD135</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MST1R" title="MST1R">CD136</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD137" title="CD137">CD137</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syndecan_1" title="Syndecan 1">CD138</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PDGFRB" title="PDGFRB">CD140b</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrombomodulin" title="Thrombomodulin">CD141</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tissue_factor" title="Tissue factor">CD142</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angiotensin-converting_enzyme" title="Angiotensin-converting enzyme">CD143</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VE-cadherin" title="VE-cadherin">CD144</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD146" title="CD146">CD146</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basigin" title="Basigin">CD147</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PTPRJ" title="PTPRJ">CD148</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SLAMF1" title="SLAMF1">CD150</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite">151–200</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CD151" title="CD151">CD151</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CTLA-4" class="mw-redirect" title="CTLA-4">CD152</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD153" title="CD153">CD153</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD154" title="CD154">CD154</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD155" title="CD155">CD155</a></li> <li><i>CD156</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ADAM8" title="ADAM8">a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ADAM17" title="ADAM17">b</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ADAM10" title="ADAM10">c</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BST1" title="BST1">CD157</a></li> <li><i>CD158</i> (<a href="/wiki/KIR2DL1" title="KIR2DL1">a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KIR2DL4" title="KIR2DL4">d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KIR3DL1" title="KIR3DL1">e</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KIR2DS4" title="KIR2DS4">i</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KIR3DL2" title="KIR3DL2">k</a>)</li> <li><i>CD159</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NKG2" title="NKG2">a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KLRC2" title="KLRC2">c</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD160" title="CD160">CD160</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KLRB1" title="KLRB1">CD161</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-selectin_glycoprotein_ligand-1" title="P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1">CD162</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD163" title="CD163">CD163</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD164" title="CD164">CD164</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ALCAM" title="ALCAM">CD166</a></li> <li><i>CD167</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DDR1" title="DDR1">a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discoidin_domain-containing_receptor_2" title="Discoidin domain-containing receptor 2">b</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyaluronan-mediated_motility_receptor" title="Hyaluronan-mediated motility receptor">CD168</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sialoadhesin" title="Sialoadhesin">CD169</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIGLEC5" title="SIGLEC5">CD170</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L1_(protein)" title="L1 (protein)">CD171</a></li> <li><i>CD172</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Signal-regulatory_protein_alpha" title="Signal-regulatory protein alpha">a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIRPB1" title="SIRPB1">b</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIRPG" title="SIRPG">g</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fucosyltransferase_3" title="Fucosyltransferase 3">CD174</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD177" title="CD177">CD177</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fas_ligand" title="Fas ligand">CD178</a></li> <li><i>CD179</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/VPREB1" title="VPREB1">a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IGLL1" title="IGLL1">b</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD180" title="CD180">CD180</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interleukin_8_receptor,_alpha" title="Interleukin 8 receptor, alpha">CD181</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interleukin_8_receptor,_beta" title="Interleukin 8 receptor, beta">CD182</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CXCR3" title="CXCR3">CD183</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CXCR4" title="CXCR4">CD184</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CXCR5" title="CXCR5">CD185</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CXCR6" title="CXCR6">CD186</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CCR1" title="CCR1">CD191</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CCR2" title="CCR2">CD192</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CCR3_(gene)" title="CCR3 (gene)">CD193</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CCR4" title="CCR4">CD194</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CCR5" title="CCR5">CD195</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C-C_chemokine_receptor_type_6" title="C-C chemokine receptor type 6">CD196</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C-C_chemokine_receptor_type_7" title="C-C chemokine receptor type 7">CD197</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CCR8_(gene)" title="CCR8 (gene)">CDw198</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CCR9" title="CCR9">CDw199</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD200" title="CD200">CD200</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite">201–250</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Endothelial_protein_C_receptor" title="Endothelial protein C receptor">CD201</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TEK_tyrosine_kinase" title="TEK tyrosine kinase">CD202b</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MSR1" title="MSR1">CD204</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LY75" class="mw-redirect" title="LY75">CD205</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mannose_receptor" title="Mannose receptor">CD206</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD207" class="mw-redirect" title="CD207">CD207</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LAMP3" title="LAMP3">CD208</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DC-SIGN" title="DC-SIGN">CD209</a></li> <li><i>CDw210</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Interleukin_10_receptor,_alpha_subunit" title="Interleukin 10 receptor, alpha subunit">a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interleukin_10_receptor,_beta_subunit" title="Interleukin 10 receptor, beta subunit">b</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interleukin_12_receptor,_beta_1_subunit" title="Interleukin 12 receptor, beta 1 subunit">CD212</a></li> <li><i>CD213a</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IL13RA1" class="mw-redirect" title="IL13RA1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IL13RA2" title="IL13RA2">2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IL17RA" title="IL17RA">CD217</a></li> <li><i>CD218</i> (<a href="/wiki/IL18R1" title="IL18R1">a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IL18RAP" title="IL18RAP">b</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insulin_receptor" title="Insulin receptor">CD220</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insulin-like_growth_factor_1_receptor" title="Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor">CD221</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insulin-like_growth_factor_2_receptor" title="Insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor">CD222</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LAG3" class="mw-redirect" title="LAG3">CD223</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GGT1" class="mw-redirect" title="GGT1">CD224</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IFITM1" title="IFITM1">CD225</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD226" title="CD226">CD226</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MUC1" class="mw-redirect" title="MUC1">CD227</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MFI2" class="mw-redirect" title="MFI2">CD228</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LY9" title="LY9">CD229</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PRNP" class="mw-redirect" title="PRNP">CD230</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Band_3" class="mw-redirect" title="Band 3">CD233</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duffy_antigen_system" title="Duffy antigen system">CD234</a></li> <li><i>CD235</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GYPA" class="mw-redirect" title="GYPA">a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GYPB" title="GYPB">b</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glycophorin_C" title="Glycophorin C">CD236</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kell_antigen_system" title="Kell antigen system">CD238</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basal_cell_adhesion_molecule" title="Basal cell adhesion molecule">CD239</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RHCE_(gene)" title="RHCE (gene)">CD240CE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RHD_(gene)" title="RHD (gene)">CD240D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RHAG" title="RHAG">CD241</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P-glycoprotein" title="P-glycoprotein">CD243</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD244" title="CD244">CD244</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaplastic_lymphoma_kinase" title="Anaplastic lymphoma kinase">CD246</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD247" class="mw-redirect" title="CD247">CD247</a> - <a href="/wiki/CD248" title="CD248">CD248</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glutamyl_aminopeptidase" title="Glutamyl aminopeptidase">CD249</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite">251–300</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OX40L" class="mw-redirect" title="OX40L"> CD252</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TRAIL" title="TRAIL">CD253</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RANKL" title="RANKL">CD254</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TNFSF13" class="mw-redirect" title="TNFSF13">CD256</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B-cell_activating_factor" title="B-cell activating factor">CD257</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TNFSF14" class="mw-redirect" title="TNFSF14">CD258</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TNFRSF10A" class="mw-redirect" title="TNFRSF10A">CD261</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TNFRSF10B" class="mw-redirect" title="TNFRSF10B">CD262</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TNFRSF10C" class="mw-redirect" title="TNFRSF10C">CD263</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TNFRSF10D" class="mw-redirect" title="TNFRSF10D">CD264</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RANK" title="RANK">CD265</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TNFRSF12A" title="TNFRSF12A">CD266</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TNFRSF13B" class="mw-redirect" title="TNFRSF13B">CD267</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TNFRSF13C" class="mw-redirect" title="TNFRSF13C">CD268</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TNFRSF17" class="mw-redirect" title="TNFRSF17">CD269</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low-affinity_nerve_growth_factor_receptor" title="Low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor">CD271</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BTLA" title="BTLA">CD272</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PDCD1LG2" title="PDCD1LG2">CD273</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD274" class="mw-redirect" title="CD274">CD274</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICOSLG" title="ICOSLG">CD275</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD276" title="CD276">CD276</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD278" title="CD278">CD278</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Programmed_cell_death_protein_1" title="Programmed cell death protein 1">CD279</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mannose_receptor" title="Mannose receptor">CD280</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TLR_1" class="mw-redirect" title="TLR 1">CD281</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TLR2" class="mw-redirect" title="TLR2">CD282</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TLR3" class="mw-redirect" title="TLR3">CD283</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TLR4" class="mw-redirect" title="TLR4">CD284</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TLR6" class="mw-redirect" title="TLR6">CD286</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TLR8" class="mw-redirect" title="TLR8">CD288</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TLR9" class="mw-redirect" title="TLR9">CD289</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TLR10" class="mw-redirect" title="TLR10">CD290</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMPR1A" title="BMPR1A">CD292</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMPR1B" title="BMPR1B">CDw293</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD294" class="mw-redirect" title="CD294">CD294</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leptin_receptor" title="Leptin receptor">CD295</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ART4" title="ART4">CD297</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATP1B3" title="ATP1B3">CD298</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CLEC4M" title="CLEC4M">CD299</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite">301–350</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CD300A" title="CD300A">CD300A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CLEC10A" title="CLEC10A">CD301</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD302" title="CD302">CD302</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CLEC4C" title="CLEC4C">CD303</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neuropilin" title="Neuropilin">CD304</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LAIR1" title="LAIR1">CD305</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LAIR2" title="LAIR2">CD306</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FCRL5" title="FCRL5">CD307</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinase_insert_domain_receptor" title="Kinase insert domain receptor">CD309</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EMR2" title="EMR2">CD312</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NKG2D" title="NKG2D">CD314</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PTGFRN" title="PTGFRN">CD315</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IGSF8" title="IGSF8">CD316</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetherin" title="Tetherin">CD317</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CDCP1" title="CDCP1">CD318</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD320" title="CD320">CD320</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F11_receptor" title="F11 receptor">CD321</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JAM2" title="JAM2">CD322</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CDH1_(gene)" class="mw-redirect" title="CDH1 (gene)">CD324</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CDH2" class="mw-redirect" title="CDH2">CD325</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epithelial_cell_adhesion_molecule" title="Epithelial cell adhesion molecule">CD326</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIGLEC6" title="SIGLEC6">CD327</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIGLEC7" title="SIGLEC7">CD328</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIGLEC9" title="SIGLEC9">CD329</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fibroblast_growth_factor_receptor_1" title="Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1">CD331</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fibroblast_growth_factor_receptor_2" title="Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2">CD332</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fibroblast_growth_factor_receptor_3" title="Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3">CD333</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fibroblast_growth_factor_receptor_4" title="Fibroblast growth factor receptor 4">CD334</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NCR1" title="NCR1">CD335</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NCR2" title="NCR2">CD336</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NCR3" title="NCR3">CD337</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ABCG2" title="ABCG2">CD338</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JAG1" title="JAG1">CD339</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HER2/neu" class="mw-redirect" title="HER2/neu">CD340</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FZD4" class="mw-redirect" title="FZD4">CD344</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FZD9" class="mw-redirect" title="FZD9">CD349</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FZD10" class="mw-redirect" title="FZD10">CD350</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cluster_of_differentiation_by_lineage" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e7dcc3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Clusters_of_differentiation_by_lineage" title="Template:Clusters of differentiation by lineage"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Clusters_of_differentiation_by_lineage" title="Template talk:Clusters of differentiation by lineage"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Clusters_of_differentiation_by_lineage" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Clusters of differentiation by lineage"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cluster_of_differentiation_by_lineage" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cluster_of_differentiation" title="Cluster of differentiation">Cluster of differentiation</a> by lineage</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite"><a href="/wiki/Lymphocyte" title="Lymphocyte">Lymphoid</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite"><a href="/wiki/B_cell" title="B cell">B cell</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pre-B_cell" class="mw-redirect" title="Pre-B cell">Pre-B cell</a>: <a href="/wiki/Neprilysin" title="Neprilysin">CD10/CALLA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD79A" title="CD79A">CD79A</a></li></ul> <ul><li>mature: <a href="/wiki/CD19" title="CD19">CD19</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">CD20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Complement_receptor_2" title="Complement receptor 2">CD21/CR2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD23" title="CD23">CD23/FcεRII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interleukin-7_receptor" title="Interleukin-7 receptor">CD127</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD40_(protein)" title="CD40 (protein)">CD40</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Plasma_cell" title="Plasma cell">plasma cell</a>: <a href="/wiki/CD38" title="CD38">CD38</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syndecan_1" title="Syndecan 1">CD138</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite">T/NK</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite"><a href="/wiki/T_cell" title="T cell">T cell</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pan-T_antigens" title="Pan-T antigens">Pan-T antigens</a>: <a href="/wiki/CD3_(immunology)" title="CD3 (immunology)">CD3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD7" title="CD7">CD7</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CD1" title="CD1">CD1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD4" title="CD4">CD4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD8" title="CD8">CD8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alanine_aminopeptidase" title="Alanine aminopeptidase">CD13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD18" class="mw-redirect" title="CD18">CD18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dipeptidyl_peptidase-4" title="Dipeptidyl peptidase-4">CD26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD27" title="CD27">CD27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD28" title="CD28">CD28</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite"><a href="/wiki/NK_cell" class="mw-redirect" title="NK cell">NK cell</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CD16" title="CD16">CD16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neural_cell_adhesion_molecule" title="Neural cell adhesion molecule">CD56/NCAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD57" class="mw-redirect" title="CD57">CD57</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite">All</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CD2" title="CD2">CD2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite">All</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CD5_(protein)" title="CD5 (protein)">CD5</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite"><a href="/wiki/Myeloid" class="mw-redirect" title="Myeloid">Myeloid</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite"><a href="/wiki/CFU-GM" title="CFU-GM">CFU-GM</a>/<br /><a href="/wiki/Myelomonocyte" title="Myelomonocyte">Myelomonocyte</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CD11c" class="mw-redirect" title="CD11c">CD11c</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD14" title="CD14">CD14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD15" class="mw-redirect" title="CD15">CD15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD31" title="CD31">CD31</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD64_(biology)" title="CD64 (biology)">CD64</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD68" title="CD68">CD68</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite"><a href="/wiki/Megakaryocyte-erythroid_progenitor_cell" class="mw-redirect" title="Megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell">MEP</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite"><a href="/wiki/CFU-Meg" title="CFU-Meg">CFU-Meg</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CD34" title="CD34">CD34</a>/<a href="/wiki/CD36" title="CD36">CD36</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD42" class="mw-redirect" title="CD42">CD42</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD41" class="mw-redirect" title="CD41">CD41</a>/<a href="/wiki/CD61" class="mw-redirect" title="CD61">CD61</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite"><a href="/wiki/CFU-E" title="CFU-E">CFU-E</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CD36" title="CD36">CD36</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD71" class="mw-redirect" title="CD71">CD71</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite">All (pan-myeloid)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alanine_aminopeptidase" title="Alanine aminopeptidase">CD13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD33" title="CD33">CD33</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite"><a href="/wiki/Hematopoietic_stem_cell" title="Hematopoietic stem cell">Stem cell</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CD34" title="CD34">CD34</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Protein:_cell_membrane_proteins_(other_than_Cell_surface_receptor,_enzymes,_and_cytoskeleton)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Other_cell_membrane_proteins" title="Template:Other cell membrane proteins"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Other_cell_membrane_proteins" title="Template talk:Other cell membrane proteins"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Other_cell_membrane_proteins" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Other cell membrane proteins"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Protein:_cell_membrane_proteins_(other_than_Cell_surface_receptor,_enzymes,_and_cytoskeleton)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">Protein</a>: cell <a href="/wiki/Membrane_protein" title="Membrane protein">membrane proteins</a> (other than <a href="/wiki/Cell_surface_receptor" title="Cell surface receptor">Cell surface receptor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Enzyme" title="Enzyme">enzymes</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cytoskeleton" title="Cytoskeleton">cytoskeleton</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arrestin" title="Arrestin">Arrestin</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SAG_(gene)" title="SAG (gene)">SAG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrestin_beta_1" title="Arrestin beta 1">ARRB1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrestin_beta_2" title="Arrestin beta 2">ARRB2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARR3" title="ARR3">ARR3</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Membrane-spanning_4A" title="Membrane-spanning 4A">Membrane-spanning 4A</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">MS4A1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MS4A2" title="MS4A2">MS4A2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MS4A3" title="MS4A3">MS4A3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MS4A4A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MS4A4A (page does not exist)">MS4A4A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MS4A4E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MS4A4E (page does not exist)">MS4A4E</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MS4A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MS4A5 (page does not exist)">MS4A5</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MS4A6A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MS4A6A (page does not exist)">MS4A6A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MS4A6E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MS4A6E (page does not exist)">MS4A6E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MS4A7" title="MS4A7">MS4A7</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MS4A8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MS4A8B (page does not exist)">MS4A8B</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MS4A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MS4A9 (page does not exist)">MS4A9</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MS4A10&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MS4A10 (page does not exist)">MS4A10</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MS4A12&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MS4A12 (page does not exist)">MS4A12</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MS4A13&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MS4A13 (page does not exist)">MS4A13</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MS4A14&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MS4A14 (page does not exist)">MS4A14</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MS4A15&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MS4A15 (page does not exist)">MS4A15</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MS4A18&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MS4A18 (page does not exist)">MS4A18</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Myelin" title="Myelin">Myelin</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Myelin_basic_protein" title="Myelin basic protein">Myelin basic protein</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PMP2" title="PMP2">PMP2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myelin_proteolipid_protein" title="Myelin proteolipid protein">Myelin proteolipid protein</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proteolipid_protein_1" title="Proteolipid protein 1">PLP1</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myelin_oligodendrocyte_glycoprotein" title="Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein">Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myelin-associated_glycoprotein" title="Myelin-associated glycoprotein">Myelin-associated glycoprotein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myelin_protein_zero" title="Myelin protein zero">Myelin protein zero</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pulmonary_surfactant" title="Pulmonary surfactant">Pulmonary surfactant</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pulmonary_surfactant-associated_protein_B" class="mw-redirect" title="Pulmonary surfactant-associated protein B">Pulmonary surfactant-associated protein B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulmonary_surfactant-associated_protein_C" class="mw-redirect" title="Pulmonary surfactant-associated protein C">Pulmonary surfactant-associated protein C</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tetraspanin" title="Tetraspanin">Tetraspanin</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=TSPAN1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TSPAN1 (page does not exist)">TSPAN1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TSPAN2" title="TSPAN2">TSPAN2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TSPAN3" title="TSPAN3">TSPAN3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TSPAN4" title="TSPAN4">TSPAN4</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=TSPAN5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TSPAN5 (page does not exist)">TSPAN5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TSPAN6" title="TSPAN6">TSPAN6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TSPAN7" title="TSPAN7">TSPAN7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TSPAN8" title="TSPAN8">TSPAN8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TSPAN9" class="mw-redirect" title="TSPAN9">TSPAN9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TSPAN10" class="mw-redirect" title="TSPAN10">TSPAN10</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=TSPAN11&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TSPAN11 (page does not exist)">TSPAN11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TSPAN12" title="TSPAN12">TSPAN12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TSPAN13" title="TSPAN13">TSPAN13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TSPAN14" title="TSPAN14">TSPAN14</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=TSPAN15&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TSPAN15 (page does not exist)">TSPAN15</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=TSPAN16&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TSPAN16 (page does not exist)">TSPAN16</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=TSPAN17&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TSPAN17 (page does not exist)">TSPAN17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TSPAN18" class="mw-redirect" title="TSPAN18">TSPAN18</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=TSPAN19&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TSPAN19 (page does not exist)">TSPAN19</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=TSPAN20&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TSPAN20 (page does not exist)">TSPAN20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TSPAN21" class="mw-redirect" title="TSPAN21">TSPAN21</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=TSPAN22&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TSPAN22 (page does not exist)">TSPAN22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TSPAN23" class="mw-redirect" title="TSPAN23">TSPAN23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD151" title="CD151">TSPAN24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD53" title="CD53">TSPAN25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD37" title="CD37">TSPAN26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD82_(gene)" title="CD82 (gene)">TSPAN27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD81" title="CD81">TSPAN28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD9" title="CD9">TSPAN29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CD63" title="CD63">TSPAN30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TSPAN31" title="TSPAN31">TSPAN31</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TSPAN32" title="TSPAN32">TSPAN32</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=TSPAN33&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TSPAN33 (page does not exist)">TSPAN33</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=TSPAN34&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TSPAN34 (page does not exist)">TSPAN34</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other/ungrouped</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calnexin" title="Calnexin">Calnexin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LDL-receptor-related_protein-associated_protein" title="LDL-receptor-related protein-associated protein">LDL-receptor-related protein-associated protein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merlin_(protein)" title="Merlin (protein)">Neurofibromin 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presenilin" title="Presenilin">Presenilin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PSEN1" class="mw-redirect" title="PSEN1">PSEN1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PSEN2" class="mw-redirect" title="PSEN2">PSEN2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HFE_(gene)" title="HFE (gene)">HFE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phospholipid_scramblase" title="Phospholipid scramblase">Phospholipid transfer proteins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dysferlin" title="Dysferlin">Dysferlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STRC" title="STRC">STRC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OTOF" class="mw-redirect" title="OTOF">OTOF</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="padding:0;"><div><i>see also <a href="/wiki/Template:Other_cell_membrane_protein_disorders" title="Template:Other cell membrane protein disorders">other cell membrane protein disorders</a></i></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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