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matrix inequality (LMI)</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: linear matrix inequality (LMI)"> <meta name="keywords" content="linear matrix inequality (LMI)"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="linear matrix inequality (LMI)"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 5805</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: linear matrix inequality (LMI)</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5715</span> The Impact of Migrants’ Remittances on Household Poverty and Inequality: A Case Study of Mazar-i-Sharif, Balkh Province, Afghanistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Baqir%20Khawari">Baqir Khawari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study has been undertaken to investigate the impact of remittances on household poverty and inequality using OLS and Logit Models with a strictly multi-random sampling method. The result of the OLS model reveals that if the per capita international remittances increase by 1%, then it is estimated that the per capita income will increase by 0.071% and 0.059% during 2019/20 and 2020/21, respectively. In addition, a 1% increase in external remittances results in a 0.0272% and 0.025% reduction in per capita depth of poverty and a 0.0149% and 0.0145% decrease in severity of poverty during 2019/20 and 2020/21, respectively. It is also shown that the effect of external remittances on poverty is greater than internal remittances. In terms of inequality, the result represents that remittances reduced the Gini coefficient by 2% and 7% during 2019/20 and 2020/21, respectively. Further, it is bold that COVID-19 negatively impacts the amount of received remittances by households, thus resulting in a reduction in the size of the effect of remittances. Therefore, a concerted effort of effective policies and governance and international assistance is imperative to address this prolonged problem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration" title="migration">migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remittances" title=" remittances"> remittances</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poverty" title=" poverty"> poverty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inequality" title=" inequality"> inequality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19" title=" COVID-19"> COVID-19</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afghanistan" title=" Afghanistan"> Afghanistan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177079/the-impact-of-migrants-remittances-on-household-poverty-and-inequality-a-case-study-of-mazar-i-sharif-balkh-province-afghanistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177079.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">69</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5714</span> Hybrid Algorithm for Non-Negative Matrix Factorization Based on Symmetric Kullback-Leibler Divergence for Signal Dependent Noise: A Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20Serafimovic">Ana Serafimovic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karthik%20Devarajan"> Karthik Devarajan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Non-negative matrix factorization approximates a high dimensional non-negative matrix V as the product of two non-negative matrices, W and H, and allows only additive linear combinations of data, enabling it to learn parts with representations in reality. It has been successfully applied in the analysis and interpretation of high dimensional data arising in neuroscience, computational biology, and natural language processing, to name a few. The objective of this paper is to assess a hybrid algorithm for non-negative matrix factorization with multiplicative updates. The method aims to minimize the symmetric version of Kullback-Leibler divergence known as intrinsic information and assumes that the noise is signal-dependent and that it originates from an arbitrary distribution from the exponential family. It is a generalization of currently available algorithms for Gaussian, Poisson, gamma and inverse Gaussian noise. We demonstrate the potential usefulness of the new generalized algorithm by comparing its performance to the baseline methods which also aim to minimize symmetric divergence measures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-negative%20matrix%20factorization" title="non-negative matrix factorization">non-negative matrix factorization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dimension%20reduction" title=" dimension reduction"> dimension reduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clustering" title=" clustering"> clustering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intrinsic%20information" title=" intrinsic information"> intrinsic information</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=symmetric%20information%20divergence" title=" symmetric information divergence"> symmetric information divergence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signal-dependent%20noise" title=" signal-dependent noise"> signal-dependent noise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exponential%20family" title=" exponential family"> exponential family</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generalized%20Kullback-Leibler%20divergence" title=" generalized Kullback-Leibler divergence"> generalized Kullback-Leibler divergence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual%20divergence" title=" dual divergence"> dual divergence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87069/hybrid-algorithm-for-non-negative-matrix-factorization-based-on-symmetric-kullback-leibler-divergence-for-signal-dependent-noise-a-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87069.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">246</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5713</span> Numerical Studies for Standard Bi-Conjugate Gradient Stabilized Method and the Parallel Variants for Solving Linear Equations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuniyoshi%20Abe">Kuniyoshi Abe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bi-conjugate gradient (Bi-CG) is a well-known method for solving linear equations Ax = b, for x, where A is a given n-by-n matrix, and b is a given n-vector. Typically, the dimension of the linear equation is high and the matrix is sparse. A number of hybrid Bi-CG methods such as conjugate gradient squared (CGS), Bi-CG stabilized (Bi-CGSTAB), BiCGStab2, and BiCGstab(l) have been developed to improve the convergence of Bi-CG. Bi-CGSTAB has been most often used for efficiently solving the linear equation, but we have seen the convergence behavior with a long stagnation phase. In such cases, it is important to have Bi-CG coefficients that are as accurate as possible, and the stabilization strategy, which stabilizes the computation of the Bi-CG coefficients, has been proposed. It may avoid stagnation and lead to faster computation. Motivated by a large number of processors in present petascale high-performance computing hardware, the scalability of Krylov subspace methods on parallel computers has recently become increasingly prominent. The main bottleneck for efficient parallelization is the inner products which require a global reduction. The resulting global synchronization phases cause communication overhead on parallel computers. The parallel variants of Krylov subspace methods reducing the number of global communication phases and hiding the communication latency have been proposed. However, the numerical stability, specifically, the convergence speed of the parallel variants of Bi-CGSTAB may become worse than that of the standard Bi-CGSTAB. In this paper, therefore, we compare the convergence speed between the standard Bi-CGSTAB and the parallel variants by numerical experiments and show that the convergence speed of the standard Bi-CGSTAB is faster than the parallel variants. Moreover, we propose the stabilization strategy for the parallel variants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bi-conjugate%20gradient%20stabilized%20method" title="bi-conjugate gradient stabilized method">bi-conjugate gradient stabilized method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convergence%20speed" title=" convergence speed"> convergence speed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Krylov%20subspace%20methods" title=" Krylov subspace methods"> Krylov subspace methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20equations" title=" linear equations"> linear equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parallel%20variant" title=" parallel variant"> parallel variant</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96373/numerical-studies-for-standard-bi-conjugate-gradient-stabilized-method-and-the-parallel-variants-for-solving-linear-equations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96373.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">165</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5712</span> Redundancy Component Matrix and Structural Robustness</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xinjian%20Kou">Xinjian Kou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Linlin%20Li"> Linlin Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yongju%20Zhou"> Yongju Zhou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jimian%20Song"> Jimian Song</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We introduce the redundancy matrix that expresses clearly the geometrical/topological configuration of the structure. With the matrix, the redundancy of the structure is resolved into redundant components and assigned to each member or rigid joint. The values of the diagonal elements in the matrix indicates the importance of the corresponding members or rigid joints, and the geometrically correlations can be shown with the non-diagonal elements. If a member or rigid joint failures, reassignment of the redundant components can be calculated with the recursive method given in the paper. By combining the indexes of reliability and redundancy components, we define an index concerning the structural robustness. To further explain the properties of the redundancy matrix, we cited several examples of statically indeterminate structures, including two trusses and a rigid frame. With the examples, some simple results and the properties of the matrix are discussed. The examples also illustrate that the redundancy matrix and the relevant concepts are valuable in structural safety analysis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Structural%20Robustness" title="Structural Robustness">Structural Robustness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Structural%20Reliability" title=" Structural Reliability"> Structural Reliability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Redundancy%20Component" title=" Redundancy Component"> Redundancy Component</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Redundancy%20Matrix" title=" Redundancy Matrix"> Redundancy Matrix</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66420/redundancy-component-matrix-and-structural-robustness" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66420.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">274</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5711</span> Advanced Stability Criterion for Time-Delayed Systems of Neutral Type and Its Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20J.%20Park">M. J. Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20H.%20Lee"> S. H. Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20H.%20Lee"> C. H. Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20M.%20Kwon"> O. M. Kwon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates stability problem for linear systems of neutral type with time-varying delay. By constructing various Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional, and utilizing some mathematical techniques, the sufficient stability conditions for the systems are established in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), which can be easily solved by various effective optimization algorithms. Finally, some illustrative examples are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed criterion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neutral%20systems" title="neutral systems">neutral systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time-delay" title=" time-delay"> time-delay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stability" title=" stability"> stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lyapnov%20method" title=" Lyapnov method"> Lyapnov method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LMI" title=" LMI"> LMI</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66517/advanced-stability-criterion-for-time-delayed-systems-of-neutral-type-and-its-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66517.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">348</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5710</span> Multiple Images Stitching Based on Gradually Changing Matrix</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shangdong%20Zhu">Shangdong Zhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yunzhou%20Zhang"> Yunzhou Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jie%20Zhang"> Jie Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hang%20Hu"> Hang Hu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yazhou%20Zhang"> Yazhou Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Image stitching is a very important branch in the field of computer vision, especially for panoramic map. In order to eliminate shape distortion, a novel stitching method is proposed based on gradually changing matrix when images are horizontal. For images captured horizontally, this paper assumes that there is only translational operation in image stitching. By analyzing each parameter of the homography matrix, the global homography matrix is gradually transferred to translation matrix so as to eliminate the effects of scaling, rotation, etc. in the image transformation. This paper adopts matrix approximation to get the minimum value of the energy function so that the shape distortion at those regions corresponding to the homography can be minimized. The proposed method can avoid multiple horizontal images stitching failure caused by accumulated shape distortion. At the same time, it can be combined with As-Projective-As-Possible algorithm to ensure precise alignment of overlapping area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20stitching" title="image stitching">image stitching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gradually%20changing%20matrix" title=" gradually changing matrix"> gradually changing matrix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=horizontal%20direction" title=" horizontal direction"> horizontal direction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=matrix%20approximation" title=" matrix approximation"> matrix approximation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homography%20matrix" title=" homography matrix"> homography matrix</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85912/multiple-images-stitching-based-on-gradually-changing-matrix" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85912.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">319</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5709</span> The Roots of the Robust and Looting Economy (poverty and inequality) in Iran after the 1979 Revolution, From the Perspective of Acem Oglu & Robinson theory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vorya%20Shabrandi">Vorya Shabrandi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study factors of poverty and inequality causes in countries is the subject of many scholars and economists in the last century, theorists in various areas of economic science know different factors as the roots of poverty and inequality in Iran after the 1979 revolution. Economists have emphasized political elements and political scientists on political elements. This research reviews the political economy of poverty and corruption in Iran after the revolution. The findings of this research, based on AcemOgluand Robinson theory, show how the institutional structural dependence of Iran's economy to raw has led to the growth of its non-economic economic institutions and its consequence of the continuity of the release and looting economy and poverty and inequality in Iran's political economy Is. This research was carried out using descriptive-analytical and comparative methods. Many economists try to justify the conditions of the country based on war, sanctions; And the external factors, and ... knows. In this study, we tried to examine the roots of poverty and the looting economy of Iran by implementing Research AcemOgluand Robinson on the institutions and roots of poverty. Looking for a framework for understanding why countries, such as Iran, the reason for the difference in revenue in different countries, as well as the poor or wealth of countries, regardless of the non-effective and non-professional institutions, and why inefficient institutions in some countries, such as Iran, such as Iran It remains and does not have a voluntary political powers to change these institutions. Findings The research shows that institutions are broadly the main reason for the roots of the robust and looting economy (poverty and inequality) in Iran. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plunderable%20%28Loot%29%20economy" title=" plunderable (Loot) economy"> plunderable (Loot) economy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=raw%20shopping" title=" raw shopping"> raw shopping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poverty%20and%20inequality" title=" poverty and inequality"> poverty and inequality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acem%20oglu%20and%20robinson" title=" acem oglu and robinson"> acem oglu and robinson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-inclusive%20institutions" title=" non-inclusive institutions"> non-inclusive institutions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140888/the-roots-of-the-robust-and-looting-economy-poverty-and-inequality-in-iran-after-the-1979-revolution-from-the-perspective-of-acem-oglu-robinson-theory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140888.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">141</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5708</span> Women in Sports: Experiences of the Suriname Olympic Committee</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rishmidevi%20Kirtie%20Algoe">Rishmidevi Kirtie Algoe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Advocating for gender equality in sports is a global struggle but a greater challenge for small nations with weak economies like Suriname, a Dutch-speaking country in the Caribbean. This paper presents the experience of the Suriname Olympic Committee (SOC) in addressing gender inequality in sports in the global context of the policies implemented by the International Olympic Committee (IOC). The case of Suriname is interesting because it shows the results of a small nation in creating protective measures. The SOC has succeeded in developing a code of conduct for sports and is now taking steps to establish a sports justice institute. All of this is happening in a situation where there are few women leaders in sport: only three of the seventeen national member federations are led by women, and there are two women on SOC's 9-member board. Three arguments are made. First, gender inequality in sports in Suriname is a reflection of national power structures and cultural barriers to women in sports. Second, IOC policies and resources to reduce gender inequality in sports, while important, do not guarantee national change. Third, and more importantly, the SOC has addressed gender inequality with an approach based on the principles of "walk the talk" and "trial and error." All three arguments are elaborated on using the framework of intersectionality. The study draws empirically on data collected during and on SOC Gender and Sport Commission seminars and workshops, including two surveys, transcripts, and newspaper articles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Caribbean" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20inequality" title=" gender inequality"> gender inequality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safeguarding" title=" safeguarding"> safeguarding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suriname%20Olympic%20Committee" title=" Suriname Olympic Committee"> Suriname Olympic Committee</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163546/women-in-sports-experiences-of-the-suriname-olympic-committee" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163546.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">88</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5707</span> Secured Power flow Algorithm Including Economic Dispatch with GSDF Matrix Using LabVIEW</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Slimane%20Souag">Slimane Souag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amel%20Graa"> Amel Graa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farid%20Benhamida"> Farid Benhamida</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper we present a new method for solving the secured power flow problem by the economic dispatch using DC power flow method and Generation Shift Distribution Factor (GSDF), in this work we create a graphical interface in LabVIEW as a virtual instrument. Hence the dc power flow reduces the power flow problem to a set of linear equations, which make the iterative calculation very fast and the GSFD matrix present the effects of single and multiple generator MW change on the transmission line. The effectiveness of the method developed is identified through its application to an IEEE-14 bus test system. The calculation results show excellent performance of the proposed method, in regard to computation time and quality of results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrical%20power%20system%20security" title="electrical power system security">electrical power system security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20dispatch" title=" economic dispatch"> economic dispatch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensitivity%20matrix" title=" sensitivity matrix"> sensitivity matrix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=labview" title=" labview"> labview</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36292/secured-power-flow-algorithm-including-economic-dispatch-with-gsdf-matrix-using-labview" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36292.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">489</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5706</span> Matrix Method Posting</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Varong%20Pongsai">Varong Pongsai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this paper is introducing a new method of accounting posting which is called Matrix Method Posting. This method is based on the Matrix operation of pure Mathematics. Although, accounting field is classified as one of the social-science knowledge, many of accounting operations are placed by Mathematics sign and operation. Through the operation applying, it seems to be that the operations of Mathematics should be applied to accounting possibly. So, this paper tries to over-lap Mathematics logic to accounting logic smoothly. According to the context of discovery, deductive approach is employed to prove a simultaneously logical concept of both Mathematics and Accounting. The result proves that the Matrix can be placed to operate accounting perfectly, because Matrix and accounting logic also have a similarity concept which is balancing 2 sides during operations. Moreover, the Matrix posting also has a lot of benefit. It can help financial analyst calculating financial ratios comfortably. Furthermore, the matrix determinant which is a signature operation itself also helps auditors checking out the correction of clients’ recording. If the determinant is not equaled to 0, it will point out that the recording process of clients getting into the problem. Finally, the Matrix should be easily determining a concept of merger and consolidation far beyond the present day concept. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=matrix%20method%20posting" title="matrix method posting">matrix method posting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deductive%20approach" title=" deductive approach"> deductive approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=determinant" title=" determinant"> determinant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accounting%20application" title=" accounting application"> accounting application</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31039/matrix-method-posting" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31039.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">367</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5705</span> On the Construction of Some Optimal Binary Linear Codes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Skezeer%20John%20B.%20Paz">Skezeer John B. Paz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ederlina%20G.%20Nocon"> Ederlina G. Nocon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Finding an optimal binary linear code is a central problem in coding theory. A binary linear code C = [n, k, d] is called optimal if there is no linear code with higher minimum distance d given the length n and the dimension k. There are bounds giving limits for the minimum distance d of a linear code of fixed length n and dimension k. The lower bound which can be taken by construction process tells that there is a known linear code having this minimum distance. The upper bound is given by theoretic results such as Griesmer bound. One way to find an optimal binary linear code is to make the lower bound of d equal to its higher bound. That is, to construct a binary linear code which achieves the highest possible value of its minimum distance d, given n and k. Some optimal binary linear codes were presented by Andries Brouwer in his published table on bounds of the minimum distance d of binary linear codes for 1 ≤ n ≤ 256 and k ≤ n. This was further improved by Markus Grassl by giving a detailed construction process for each code exhibiting the lower bound. In this paper, we construct new optimal binary linear codes by using some construction processes on existing binary linear codes. Particularly, we developed an algorithm applied to the codes already constructed to extend the list of optimal binary linear codes up to 257 ≤ n ≤ 300 for k ≤ 7. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bounds%20of%20linear%20codes" title="bounds of linear codes">bounds of linear codes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Griesmer%20bound" title=" Griesmer bound"> Griesmer bound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction%20of%20linear%20codes" title=" construction of linear codes"> construction of linear codes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20binary%20linear%20codes" title=" optimal binary linear codes"> optimal binary linear codes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31628/on-the-construction-of-some-optimal-binary-linear-codes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31628.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">757</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5704</span> Development of Noninvasive Method to Analyze Dynamic Changes of Matrix Stiffness and Elasticity Characteristics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elena%20Petersen">Elena Petersen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Inna%20Kornienko"> Inna Kornienko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Svetlana%20Guryeva"> Svetlana Guryeva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sergey%20Dobdin"> Sergey Dobdin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anatoly%20Skripal"> Anatoly Skripal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrey%20Usanov"> Andrey Usanov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dmitry%20Usanov"> Dmitry Usanov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the most important unsolved problems in modern medicine is the increase of chronic diseases that lead to organ dysfunction or even complete loss of function. Current methods of treatment do not result in decreased mortality and disability statistics. Currently, the best treatment for many patients is still transplantation of organs and/or tissues. Therefore, finding a way of correct artificial matrix biofabrication in case of limited number of natural organs for transplantation is a critical task. One important problem that needs to be solved is development of a nondestructive and noninvasive method to analyze dynamic changes of mechanical characteristics of a matrix with minimal side effects on the growing cells. This research was focused on investigating the properties of matrix as a marker of graft condition. In this study, the collagen gel with human primary dermal fibroblasts in suspension (60, 120, 240*103 cells/mL) and collagen gel with cell spheroids were used as model objects. The stiffness and elasticity characteristics were evaluated by a semiconductor laser autodyne. The time and cell concentration dependency of the stiffness and elasticity were investigated. It was shown that these properties changed in a non-linear manner with respect to cell concentration. The maximum matrix stiffness was observed in the collagen gel with the cell concentration of 120*103 cells/mL. This study proved the opportunity to use the mechanical properties of matrix as a marker of graft condition, which can be measured by noninvasive semiconductor laser autodyne technique. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graft" title="graft">graft</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=matrix" title=" matrix"> matrix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=noninvasive%20method" title=" noninvasive method"> noninvasive method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regenerative%20medicine" title=" regenerative medicine"> regenerative medicine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semiconductor%20laser%20autodyne" title=" semiconductor laser autodyne"> semiconductor laser autodyne</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65673/development-of-noninvasive-method-to-analyze-dynamic-changes-of-matrix-stiffness-and-elasticity-characteristics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65673.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">344</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5703</span> A Contribution to the Polynomial Eigen Problem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malika%20Yaici">Malika Yaici</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamel%20Hariche"> Kamel Hariche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tim%20Clarke"> Tim Clarke</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The relationship between eigenstructure (eigenvalues and eigenvectors) and latent structure (latent roots and latent vectors) is established. In control theory eigenstructure is associated with the state space description of a dynamic multi-variable system and a latent structure is associated with its matrix fraction description. Beginning with block controller and block observer state space forms and moving on to any general state space form, we develop the identities that relate eigenvectors and latent vectors in either direction. Numerical examples illustrate this result. A brief discussion of the potential of these identities in linear control system design follows. Additionally, we present a consequent result: a quick and easy method to solve the polynomial eigenvalue problem for regular matrix polynomials. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eigenvalues%2Feigenvectors" title="eigenvalues/eigenvectors">eigenvalues/eigenvectors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=latent%20values%2Fvectors" title=" latent values/vectors"> latent values/vectors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=matrix%20fraction%20description" title=" matrix fraction description"> matrix fraction description</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state%20space%20description" title=" state space description "> state space description </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14247/a-contribution-to-the-polynomial-eigen-problem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14247.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">472</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5702</span> Constructions of Linear and Robust Codes Based on Wavelet Decompositions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alla%20Levina">Alla Levina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sergey%20Taranov"> Sergey Taranov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The classical approach to the providing noise immunity and integrity of information that process in computing devices and communication channels is to use linear codes. Linear codes have fast and efficient algorithms of encoding and decoding information, but this codes concentrate their detect and correct abilities in certain error configurations. To protect against any configuration of errors at predetermined probability can robust codes. This is accomplished by the use of perfect nonlinear and almost perfect nonlinear functions to calculate the code redundancy. The paper presents the error-correcting coding scheme using biorthogonal wavelet transform. Wavelet transform applied in various fields of science. Some of the wavelet applications are cleaning of signal from noise, data compression, spectral analysis of the signal components. The article suggests methods for constructing linear codes based on wavelet decomposition. For developed constructions we build generator and check matrix that contain the scaling function coefficients of wavelet. Based on linear wavelet codes we develop robust codes that provide uniform protection against all errors. In article we propose two constructions of robust code. The first class of robust code is based on multiplicative inverse in finite field. In the second robust code construction the redundancy part is a cube of information part. Also, this paper investigates the characteristics of proposed robust and linear codes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robust%20code" title="robust code">robust code</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20code" title=" linear code"> linear code</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wavelet%20decomposition" title=" wavelet decomposition"> wavelet decomposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scaling%20function" title=" scaling function"> scaling function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=error%20masking%20probability" title=" error masking probability"> error masking probability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16512/constructions-of-linear-and-robust-codes-based-on-wavelet-decompositions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16512.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">491</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5701</span> Urbanization and Income Inequality in Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Acumsiri%20Tantikarnpanit">Acumsiri Tantikarnpanit</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper aims to examine the relationship between urbanization and income inequality in Thailand during the period 2002–2020. Using a panel of data for 76 provinces collected from Thailand’s National Statistical Office (Labor Force Survey: LFS), as well as geospatial data from the U.S. Air Force Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) and the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite Day/Night band (VIIRS-DNB) satellite for nineteen selected years. This paper employs two different definitions to identify urban areas: 1) Urban areas defined by Thailand's National Statistical Office (Labor Force Survey: LFS), and 2) Urban areas estimated using nighttime light data from the DMSP and VIIRS-DNB satellite. The second method includes two sub-categories: 2.1) Determining urban areas by calculating nighttime light density with a population density of 300 people per square kilometer, and 2.2) Calculating urban areas based on nighttime light density corresponding to a population density of 1,500 people per square kilometer. The empirical analysis based on Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), fixed effects, and random effects models reveals a consistent U-shaped relationship between income inequality and urbanization. The findings from the econometric analysis demonstrate that urbanization or population density has a significant and negative impact on income inequality. Moreover, the square of urbanization shows a statistically significant positive impact on income inequality. Additionally, there is a negative association between logarithmically transformed income and income inequality. This paper also proposes the inclusion of satellite imagery, geospatial data, and spatial econometric techniques in future studies to conduct quantitative analysis of spatial relationships. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=income%20inequality" title="income inequality">income inequality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nighttime%20light" title=" nighttime light"> nighttime light</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=population%20density" title=" population density"> population density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thailand" title=" Thailand"> Thailand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urbanization" title=" urbanization"> urbanization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168855/urbanization-and-income-inequality-in-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168855.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">77</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5700</span> Corrosion Characterization of Al6061, Quartz Metal Matrix Composites in Alkali Medium</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radha%20H.%20R.">Radha H. R.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Krupakara%20P.%20V."> Krupakara P. V.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Metal matrix composites are attracting today's manufacturers of many automobile parts so that they lost longer and their properties can be tailored according to the requirement. In this paper an attempt has been made to study the corrosion characteristics of Aluminium 6061 / quartz metal matrix composites in alkali medium like sodium hydroxide solutions. Metal matrix composites are heterogeneous mixtures of a matrix and reinforcement. In this work the matrix selected is Aluminium 6061 alloy which is commercially available and the reinforcement selected is quartz particulates of 50-80 micron size which is available in plenty in and around Bangalore district, India. Composites containing Aluminium 6061 with 2, 4 and 6 weight percent of quartz are manufactured by liquid melt metallurgy technique using vortex method. Corrosion tests like static weight loss and open circuit potential tests are conducted in different concentrated solutions of sodium hydroxide. To compare the results the matrix Aluminium 6061 is also casted in the same way. Specimens for the test are prepared according to ASTM standards. In all the tests the metal matrix composites showed better corrosion resistance than matrix alloy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminium%206061" title="aluminium 6061">aluminium 6061</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion" title=" corrosion"> corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quartz" title=" quartz"> quartz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vortex" title=" vortex "> vortex </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24586/corrosion-characterization-of-al6061-quartz-metal-matrix-composites-in-alkali-medium" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24586.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">409</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5699</span> Gender Inequality and Human Trafficking</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kimberly%20McCabe">Kimberly McCabe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The trafficking of women and children for abuse and exploitation is not a new problem under the umbrella of human trafficking; however, over the last decade, the problem has attracted increased attention from international governments and non-profits attempting to reduce victimization and provide services for survivors. Research on human trafficking suggests that the trafficking of human beings is, largely, a symptom of poverty. As the trafficking of human beings may be viewed as a response to the demand for people for various forms of exploitation, a product of poverty, and a consequence of the subordinate positions of women and children in society, it reaches beyond randomized victimization. Hence, human trafficking, and especially the trafficking of women and children, goes beyond the realm of poorness. Therefore, to begin to understand the reasons for the existence of human trafficking, one must identify and consider not only the immediate causes but also those underlying structural determinants that facilitate this form of victimization. Specifically, one must acknowledge the economic, social, and cultural factors that support human trafficking. This research attempts to study human trafficking at the country level by focusing on economic, social, and cultural characteristics. This study focuses on inequality and, in particular, gender inequality as related to legislative attempts to address human trafficking. Within the design of this project is the use of the US State Department’s tier classification system for Trafficking in Persons (TIP) and the USA CIA Fact Sheet of country characteristics for over 150 countries in an attempt to model legal outcomes as related to human trafficking. Results of this research demonstrate the significance of characteristics beyond poverty as related to country-level responses to human trafficking. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=child%20trafficking" title="child trafficking">child trafficking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20inequality" title=" gender inequality"> gender inequality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20trafficking" title=" human trafficking"> human trafficking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inequality" title=" inequality"> inequality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127526/gender-inequality-and-human-trafficking" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127526.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">244</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5698</span> Matrix-Based Linear Analysis of Switched Reluctance Generator with Optimum Pole Angles Determination</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Walid%20A.%20M.%20Ghoneim">Walid A. M. Ghoneim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamdy%20A.%20Ashour"> Hamdy A. Ashour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asmaa%20E.%20Abdo"> Asmaa E. Abdo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, linear analysis of a Switched Reluctance Generator (SRG) model is applied on the most common configurations (4/2, 6/4 and 8/6) for both conventional short-pitched and fully-pitched designs, in order to determine the optimum stator/rotor pole angles at which the maximum output voltage is generated per unit excitation current. This study is focused on SRG analysis and design as a proposed solution for renewable energy applications, such as wind energy conversion systems. The world’s potential to develop the renewable energy technologies through dedicated scientific researches was the motive behind this study due to its positive impact on economy and environment. In addition, the problem of rare earth metals (Permanent magnet) caused by mining limitations, banned export by top producers and environment restrictions leads to the unavailability of materials used for rotating machines manufacturing. This challenge gave authors the opportunity to study, analyze and determine the optimum design of the SRG that has the benefit to be free from permanent magnets, rotor windings, with flexible control system and compatible with any application that requires variable-speed operation. In addition, SRG has been proved to be very efficient and reliable in both low-speed or high-speed applications. Linear analysis was performed using MATLAB simulations based on the (Modified generalized matrix approach) of Switched Reluctance Machine (SRM). About 90 different pole angles combinations and excitation patterns were simulated through this study, and the optimum output results for each case were recorded and presented in detail. This procedure has been proved to be applicable for any SRG configuration, dimension and excitation pattern. The delivered results of this study provide evidence for using the 4-phase 8/6 fully pitched SRG as the main optimum configuration for the same machine dimensions at the same angular speed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generalized%20matrix%20approach" title="generalized matrix approach">generalized matrix approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20analysis" title=" linear analysis"> linear analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20applications" title=" renewable applications"> renewable applications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=switched%20reluctance%20generator" title=" switched reluctance generator"> switched reluctance generator</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132481/matrix-based-linear-analysis-of-switched-reluctance-generator-with-optimum-pole-angles-determination" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132481.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">199</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5697</span> The Role of Human Capital in the Evolution of Inequality and Economic Growth in Latin-America</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luis%20Felipe%20Brito-Gaona">Luis Felipe Brito-Gaona</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emma%20M.%20Iglesias"> Emma M. Iglesias</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is a growing literature that studies the main determinants and drivers of inequality and economic growth in several countries, using panel data and different estimation methods (fixed effects, Generalized Methods of Moments (GMM) and Two Stages Least Squares (TSLS)). Recently, it was studied the evolution of these variables in the period 1980-2009 in the 18 countries of Latin-America and it was found that one of the main variables that explained their evolution was Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). We extend this study to the year 2015 in the same 18 countries in Latin-America, and we find that FDI does not have a significant role anymore, while we find a significant negative and positive effect of schooling levels on inequality and economic growth respectively. We also find that the point estimates associated with human capital are the largest ones of the variables included in the analysis, and this means that an increase in human capital (measured by schooling levels of secondary education) is the main determinant that can help to reduce inequality and to increase economic growth in Latin-America. Therefore, we advise that economic policies in Latin-America should be directed towards increasing the level of education. We use the methodologies of estimating by fixed effects, GMM and TSLS to check the robustness of our results. Our conclusion is the same regardless of the estimation method we choose. We also find that the international recession in the Latin-American countries in 2008 reduced significantly their economic growth. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20growth" title="economic growth">economic growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20capital" title=" human capital"> human capital</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inequality" title=" inequality"> inequality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Latin-America" title=" Latin-America"> Latin-America</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77403/the-role-of-human-capital-in-the-evolution-of-inequality-and-economic-growth-in-latin-america" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77403.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">226</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5696</span> Membership Surface and Arithmetic Operations of Imprecise Matrix</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dhruba%20Das">Dhruba Das</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a method has been developed to construct the membership surfaces of row and column vectors and arithmetic operations of imprecise matrix. A matrix with imprecise elements would be called an imprecise matrix. The membership surface of imprecise vector has been already shown based on Randomness-Impreciseness Consistency Principle. The Randomness- Impreciseness Consistency Principle leads to defining a normal law of impreciseness using two different laws of randomness. In this paper, the author has shown row and column membership surfaces and arithmetic operations of imprecise matrix and demonstrated with the help of numerical example. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imprecise%20number" title="imprecise number">imprecise number</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imprecise%20vector" title=" imprecise vector"> imprecise vector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membership%20surface" title=" membership surface"> membership surface</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imprecise%20matrix" title=" imprecise matrix"> imprecise matrix</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33597/membership-surface-and-arithmetic-operations-of-imprecise-matrix" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33597.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">387</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5695</span> Influence of Gender Inequality on Pre – Primary School Children’s Literacy Skills Development in Ojo Local Government Area, Lagos State</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Morenikeji%20Aliu%20Balaji">Morenikeji Aliu Balaji</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Gender inequality is seen as persistent discrimination of one group of people based gender, and it manifests itself differently according to race, culture, politics, country and economic situation. Multiple explanations have been offered for gender differences in literacy skill development. Three prominent explanations that precipitated the gender differences are; biological, where the assumption is that differential brain structures and hemispheric activation patterns cause the sexes to be hardwired differently for reading, with girls developing the cognitive skills associated with reading before boys. Secondly, schooling favour girls and ‘girly’ behaviour, and that boys are, as a result, lagging behind on several behavioural, social and academic measures and thirdly, cultural influences, where literacy is defined as a feminine characteristic – propagated by an overrepresentation of female teachers – and that modern culture steers boys towards activities such as sport and computers. Therefore the study investigated the influence of gender inequality on pre – primary school children literacy skills development in Ojo Local Government Area, Lagos State. Descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. 100 pre-primary school teachers were involved in the study. A self-designed instrument was used for data collection titled ‘Influence of Gender Inequality on Literacy Skill Development in Children Questionnaire (IGILSDCQ)’. The instrument was validated and tested for reliability. The reliability index for IGILSDCQ (α = 0.79). Five research questions were answered using descriptive (frequency count, simple percentage, mean and standard deviation). The findings showed that that gender inequality to some extent influence children phonemic awareness (WA=1.76), the extent to which gender inequality influence children awareness of print is high (WA=2.8), gender inequality to some extent influence children vocabulary development (WA = 2.4), the extent to which gender inequality influence children speaking skill development is high (WA = 2.5) and lastly, the extent to which gender inequality influence children comprehension ability is high (WA = 2.5). It was recommended among others that effort by the school administrators is necessary in the provision of reading materials and literacy skill development packages that are both male-oriented and female-oriented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-primart" title="pre-primart">pre-primart</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=literacy" title=" literacy"> literacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=awareness" title=" awareness"> awareness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phonemic" title=" phonemic"> phonemic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender" title=" gender"> gender</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171196/influence-of-gender-inequality-on-pre-primary-school-childrens-literacy-skills-development-in-ojo-local-government-area-lagos-state" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171196.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">31</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5694</span> Implications of Climate Change and World Uncertainty for Gender Inequality: Global Evidence</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kashif%20Nesar%20Rather">Kashif Nesar Rather</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mantu%20Kumar%20Mahalik"> Mantu Kumar Mahalik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The discourse surrounding climate change has gained considerable traction, with a discernible emphasis on its nuanced and consequential impact on gender inequality. Concurrently, escalating global tensions are contributing to heightened uncertainty, potentially exerting influence on gender disparities. Within this framework, this study attempts to empirically investigate the implications of climate change and world uncertainty on the gender inequality for a balanced panel of 100 economies between 1995 to 2021. The estimated models also control for the effects of globalisation, economic growth, and education expenditure. The panel cointegration tests establish a significant long-run relationship between the variables of the study. Furthermore, the PMG-ARDL (Panel mean group-Autoregressive distributed lag model) estimation technique confirms that both climate change and world uncertainty perpetuate the global gender inequalities. Additionally, the results establish that globalisation, economic growth, and education expenditure exert a mitigating influence on gender inequality, signifying their role in diminishing gender disparities. These findings are further confirmed by the FGLS (Feasible Generalized Least Squares) and DKSE (Driscoll-Kraay Standard Errors) regression methods. Potential policy implications for mitigating the detrimental gender ramifications stemming from climate change and rising world uncertainties are also discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20inequality" title="gender inequality">gender inequality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=world%20uncertainty" title=" world uncertainty"> world uncertainty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title=" climate change"> climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=globalisation." title=" globalisation."> globalisation.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecological%20footprint" title=" ecological footprint"> ecological footprint</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186177/implications-of-climate-change-and-world-uncertainty-for-gender-inequality-global-evidence" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186177.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">39</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5693</span> Oil-to-Cash Reform and Inequality Evidence From Iranian Reform 2010</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammadali%20Mokhtari">Mohammadali Mokhtari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Developing countries increasingly recognize the need to reduce energy subsidies. Cash transfers are proposed instead of subsidies to mitigate the negative effects of energy subsidy reforms. However, there is little evidence about the redistribution effect of these subsidy-to-cash reforms. We study the redistribution impact of the largest subsidy-to-cash reform in the history of developing countries in Iran in 2010. We find a strong pro-poor impact of the reform using five inequality measures, including the Gini index and the ratio of rich to poor expenditures. Finally, we show this pro-poor impact is on average and discuss other possible mechanisms by which low-income groups objected to these pro-poor reforms in the next round, which took place in November 2019 and led to wide and large protests. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20economics" title="energy economics">energy economics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subsidy%20reform" title=" subsidy reform"> subsidy reform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inequality" title=" inequality"> inequality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Middle%20East" title=" Middle East"> Middle East</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iran" title=" Iran"> Iran</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165651/oil-to-cash-reform-and-inequality-evidence-from-iranian-reform-2010" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165651.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">116</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5692</span> A New Fuzzy Fractional Order Model of Transmission of Covid-19 With Quarantine Class</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Hanif">Asma Hanif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20I.%20K.%20Butt"> A. I. K. Butt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shabir%20Ahmad"> Shabir Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahim%20Ud%20Din"> Rahim Ud Din</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20Inc"> Mustafa Inc</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper is devoted to a study of the fuzzy fractional mathematical model reviewing the transmission dynamics of the infectious disease Covid-19. The proposed dynamical model consists of susceptible, exposed, symptomatic, asymptomatic, quarantine, hospitalized and recovered compartments. In this study, we deal with the fuzzy fractional model defined in Caputo’s sense. We show the positivity of state variables that all the state variables that represent different compartments of the model are positive. Using Gronwall inequality, we show that the solution of the model is bounded. Using the notion of the next-generation matrix, we find the basic reproduction number of the model. We demonstrate the local and global stability of the equilibrium point by using the concept of Castillo-Chavez and Lyapunov theory with the Lasalle invariant principle, respectively. We present the results that reveal the existence and uniqueness of the solution of the considered model through the fixed point theorem of Schauder and Banach. Using the fuzzy hybrid Laplace method, we acquire the approximate solution of the proposed model. The results are graphically presented via MATLAB-17. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Caputo%20fractional%20derivative" title="Caputo fractional derivative">Caputo fractional derivative</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=existence%20and%20uniqueness" title=" existence and uniqueness"> existence and uniqueness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gronwall%20inequality" title=" gronwall inequality"> gronwall inequality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lyapunov%20theory" title=" Lyapunov theory"> Lyapunov theory</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147667/a-new-fuzzy-fractional-order-model-of-transmission-of-covid-19-with-quarantine-class" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147667.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">109</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5691</span> Student Loan Debt among Students with Disabilities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaycee%20Bills">Kaycee Bills</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study will determine if students with disabilities have higher student loan debt payments than other student populations. The hypothesis was that students with disabilities would have significantly higher student loan debt payments than other students due to the length of time they spend in school. Using the Bachelorette and Beyond Study Wave 2015/017 dataset, quantitative methods were employed. These data analysis methods included linear regression and a correlation matrix. Due to the exploratory nature of the study, the significance levels for the overall model and each variable were set at .05. The correlation matrix demonstrated that students with certain types of disabilities are more likely to fall under higher student loan payment brackets than students without disabilities. These results also varied among the different types of disabilities. The result of the overall linear regression model was statistically significant (p = .04). Despite the overall model being statistically significant, the majority of the significance values for the different types of disabilities were null. However, several other variables had statistically significant results, such as veterans, people of minority races, and people who attended private schools. Implications for how this impacts the economy, capitalism, and financial wellbeing of various students are discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disability" title="disability">disability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=student%20loan%20debt" title=" student loan debt"> student loan debt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=higher%20education" title=" higher education"> higher education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20work" title=" social work"> social work</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140441/student-loan-debt-among-students-with-disabilities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140441.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">170</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5690</span> Extension of Positive Linear Operator</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manal%20Azzidani">Manal Azzidani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research consideres the extension of special functions called Positive Linear Operators. the bounded linear operator which defined from normed space to Banach space will extend to the closure of the its domain, And extend identified linear functional on a vector subspace by Hana-Banach theorem which could be generalized to the positive linear operators. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extension" title="extension">extension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=positive%20operator" title=" positive operator"> positive operator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Riesz%20space" title=" Riesz space"> Riesz space</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sublinear%20function" title=" sublinear function"> sublinear function</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33220/extension-of-positive-linear-operator" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33220.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">518</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5689</span> On a Generalization of the Spectral Dichotomy Method of a Matrix With Respect to Parabolas</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mouhamadou%20Dosso">Mouhamadou Dosso</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents methods of spectral dichotomy of a matrix which compute spectral projectors on the subspace associated with the eigenvalues external to the parabolas described by a general equation. These methods are modifications of the one proposed in [A. N. Malyshev and M. Sadkane, SIAM J. MATRIX ANAL. APPL. 18 (2), 265-278, 1997] which uses the spectral dichotomy method of a matrix with respect to the imaginary axis. Theoretical and algorithmic aspects of the methods are developed. Numerical results obtained by applying methods presented on matrices are reported. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectral%20dichotomy%20method" title="spectral dichotomy method">spectral dichotomy method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectral%20projector" title=" spectral projector"> spectral projector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eigensubspaces" title=" eigensubspaces"> eigensubspaces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eigenvalue" title=" eigenvalue"> eigenvalue</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159807/on-a-generalization-of-the-spectral-dichotomy-method-of-a-matrix-with-respect-to-parabolas" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159807.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">94</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5688</span> Gender Inequality in the Workplace: A Literature Review on the Discrimination of Women by Human Resources Instruments</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katja%20Wiedemann">Katja Wiedemann</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Melinda%20Gainschnigg"> Melinda Gainschnigg</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper deals with gender inequality in companies. In the context of this paper, it is analyzed how women are discriminated by means of Human Resources instruments. The existing gender inequality is made apparent by the ‘Equal Pay Day. Women in Austria work without payment from 20 October onwards, which represents inequality of 21.7 percent points. This gender pay gap is due to the unequal distribution of paid and unpaid work between men and women. Since the majority of activities related to the family and care are carried out by women, there are human capital deficits on women’s side. In addition to the discrimination of women in compensation, there are also discrimination cases caused by other Human Resources instruments. The aim of this paper is to analyze the use of Human Resources instruments with regard to the discrimination of women and to identify measures to counteract this discrimination. Within the scope of this paper, possible instructions for companies on how to design and implement Human Resources instruments will be elaborated. Therefore personnel planning, recruiting, workforce management, compensation, and leadership are used as the basis for that analysis. The data were collected by a literature review and evaluated by means of a summary content analysis. The literature analysis includes papers of scientific journals from various business fields. On the basis of the results of the literature review, it is clear that women are discriminated by all analyzed Human Resources instruments. As a result, existing potentials are not optimally used. In order to limit or even prevent this loss of potential, companies must take specific measures to counteract the discrimination of women. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employment%20issues" title="employment issues">employment issues</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20inequality" title=" gender inequality "> gender inequality </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=women%27s%20studies" title=" women's studies"> women's studies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=workplace" title=" workplace"> workplace</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132911/gender-inequality-in-the-workplace-a-literature-review-on-the-discrimination-of-women-by-human-resources-instruments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132911.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">250</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5687</span> Breaking the Stained-Glass Ceiling: Personality Traits and Ambivalent Sexism in Shaping Gender Income Equality</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shiza%20Shahid">Shiza Shahid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saba%20Shahid"> Saba Shahid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kenji%20Noguchi"> Kenji Noguchi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raegan%20Bishop"> Raegan Bishop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elena%20Stepanova"> Elena Stepanova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> According to data from the U.S. Census Bureau, in 2020, in the United States, women who worked full-time earned only 82 cents for every dollar earned by men who worked full-time, year-round. This study examined how personality traits (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, openness to experience) interacts with ambivalent sexism to influence acceptance of gender income inequality. Using a quantitative method approach, this study collected data from a sample of N=150 students from Social Science Online Subject Pool (SONA). The study predicted that (a) extraversion and openness to experience would be positively related to acceptance of gender income inequality, while emotional stability and agreeableness would be negatively related to acceptance of gender income inequality, (b) Individuals who scored higher on measures of hostile sexism would show greater acceptance of gender income inequality than individuals who score higher on measures of benevolent sexism. The results were reported according to the predictions for the study. This study broadens the importance of addressing the underlying factors contributing to attitudes towards gender income inequality and contributes to ongoing efforts to achieve gender equality, which is important for promoting economic well-being. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20income%20ineqaulity" title="gender income ineqaulity">gender income ineqaulity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ambivalent%20sexism" title=" ambivalent sexism"> ambivalent sexism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personality%20traits" title=" personality traits"> personality traits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development%20goals" title=" sustainable development goals"> sustainable development goals</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179264/breaking-the-stained-glass-ceiling-personality-traits-and-ambivalent-sexism-in-shaping-gender-income-equality" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179264.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">65</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5686</span> Corrosion Characterization of Al6061 Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites in Acid Medium</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20V.%20Krupakara">P. V. Krupakara</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper deals with the high corrosion resistance developed by the hybrid metal matrix composites when compared with that of matrix alloy. Matrix selected is Al6061. Reinforcements selected are graphite and red mud particulates. The composites are prepared using liquid melt metallurgy technique using vortex method. Metal matrix composites containing 2 percent graphite and 2 percent red mud, 2 percent graphite and 4 percent red mud, 2 percent graphite and 6 percent of red mud are prepared. Bar castings are cut into cylindrical discs of 20mm diameter and 20mm thickness. Corrosion tests were conducted at room temperature (230 °C) using conventional weight loss method according to ASTM G69-80. The corrodents used for the test were hydrochloric acid solution of different concentrations. Specimens were tested for every 24 hours interval up to 96 hours. Four specimens for each condition and time were immersed in corrodent. In each case the corrosion rate decreases with increase in exposure time for matrix and metal matrix composites whatever may be the concentration of hydrochloric acid. This may be due to aluminium, which may induce passivation due to development of non-porous layer. As red mud content increases the composites become corrosion resistant due to insulating nature of ceramic material red mud and less exposure of matrix alloy in those metal matrix composites. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al6061" title="Al6061">Al6061</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphite" title=" graphite"> graphite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=passivation" title=" passivation"> passivation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=red%20mud" title=" red mud"> red mud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vortex" title=" vortex"> vortex</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24636/corrosion-characterization-of-al6061-hybrid-metal-matrix-composites-in-acid-medium" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24636.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">543</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20matrix%20inequality%20%28LMI%29&page=3" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20matrix%20inequality%20%28LMI%29&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20matrix%20inequality%20%28LMI%29&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20matrix%20inequality%20%28LMI%29&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">4</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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