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<span>War record</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-War_record-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Marriages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marriages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Marriages</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Marriages-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Marriages subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Marriages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Margot_Kempson" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Margot_Kempson"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Margot Kempson</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Margot_Kempson-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Margaret_Thatcher" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Margaret_Thatcher"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Margaret Thatcher</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Margaret_Thatcher-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Business_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Business_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Business career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Business_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_life_and_perceptions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_life_and_perceptions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Public life and perceptions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_life_and_perceptions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Illness_and_death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Illness_and_death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Illness and death</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Illness_and_death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Profiles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Profiles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Profiles</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Profiles-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Profiles subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Profiles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Married_to_Maggie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Married_to_Maggie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span><i>Married to Maggie</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Married_to_Maggie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Below_the_Parapet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Below_the_Parapet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span><i>Below the Parapet</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Below_the_Parapet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Medals_and_honours" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medals_and_honours"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Medals and honours</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medals_and_honours-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Works_cited" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works_cited"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Works cited</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Works_cited-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Denis Thatcher</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denis_Thatcher" title="Denis Thatcher – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Denis Thatcher" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%AB%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%B1" title="دينيس ثاتشر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="دينيس ثاتشر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denis_Thatcher" title="Denis Thatcher – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Denis Thatcher" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denis_Thatcher" title="Denis Thatcher – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Denis Thatcher" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denis_Thatcher" title="Denis Thatcher – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Denis Thatcher" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B3_%D8%AA%D8%A7%DA%86%D8%B1" title="دنیس تاچر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دنیس تاچر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denis_Thatcher" title="Denis Thatcher – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Denis Thatcher" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8D%B0%EB%8B%88%EC%8A%A4_%EB%8C%80%EC%B2%98" title="데니스 대처 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="데니스 대처" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denis_Thatcher" title="Denis Thatcher – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Denis Thatcher" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denis_Thatcher" title="Denis Thatcher – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Denis Thatcher" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A1_%D7%AA%D7%90%D7%A6%27%D7%A8" title="דניס תאצ'ר – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="דניס תאצ'ר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A9%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="დენის ტეტჩერი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="დენის ტეტჩერი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denis_Thatcher" title="Denis Thatcher – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Denis Thatcher" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%AB%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%B1" title="دينيس ثاتشر – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="دينيس ثاتشر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denis_Thatcher" title="Denis Thatcher – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Denis Thatcher" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%87%E3%83%8B%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B5%E3%83%83%E3%83%81%E3%83%A3%E3%83%BC" title="デニス・サッチャー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="デニス・サッチャー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denis_Thatcher" title="Denis Thatcher – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Denis Thatcher" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denis_Thatcher" title="Denis Thatcher – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Denis Thatcher" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denis_Thatcher" title="Denis Thatcher – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Denis Thatcher" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%80,_%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Тэтчер, Денис – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тэтчер, Денис" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denis_Thatcher" title="Denis Thatcher – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Denis Thatcher" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denis_Thatcher" title="Denis Thatcher – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Denis Thatcher" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denis_Thatcher" title="Denis Thatcher – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Denis Thatcher" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denis_Thatcher" title="Denis Thatcher – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Denis Thatcher" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81_%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Деніс Тетчер – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Деніс Тетчер" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%88%B4%E5%8D%93%E7%88%BE" title="戴卓爾 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="戴卓爾" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%92%92%E5%88%87%E5%B0%94" title="丹尼斯·撒切尔 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="丹尼斯·撒切尔" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">English businessman (1915–2003)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Denis_Thatcher" title="Special:EditPage/Denis Thatcher">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Denis+Thatcher%22">"Denis Thatcher"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Denis+Thatcher%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Denis+Thatcher%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Denis+Thatcher%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Denis+Thatcher%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Denis+Thatcher%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Sir" title="Sir">Sir</a></div><div class="fn">Denis Thatcher</div><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;"><span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Baronet" title="Baronet">Bt</a></span> <span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_British_Empire" title="Order of the British Empire">MBE</a></span> <span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Territorial_Decoration" title="Territorial Decoration">TD</a></span> <span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Commander_of_the_Order_of_St_John" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander of the Order of St John">CStJ</a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Denis_Thatcher_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Thatcher, 73, in a photograph" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Denis_Thatcher_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Denis_Thatcher_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Denis_Thatcher_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Denis_Thatcher_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Denis_Thatcher_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Denis_Thatcher_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="814" data-file-height="1111" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Thatcher in 1988</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1915-05-10</span>)</span>10 May 1915<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace">London, England</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">26 June 2003<span style="display:none">(2003-06-26)</span> (aged 88)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace">London, England</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Hospital_Chelsea" title="Royal Hospital Chelsea">Royal Hospital Chelsea</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mill_Hill_School" title="Mill Hill School">Mill Hill School</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role">Businessman</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Spouse_of_the_prime_minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Spouse of the prime minister of the United Kingdom">Spouse of the prime minister of the United Kingdom</a> (1979‍–‍1990)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data org"><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouses</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="#Margot_Kempson">Margot Kempson</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="28 March 1942">1942</span>; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 1948)<wbr /></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Roberts</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="13 December 1951">1951</span>)<wbr /></div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Thatcher" title="Mark Thatcher">Mark</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Carol_Thatcher" title="Carol Thatcher">Carol</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-weight:bold;">Military career</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data">United Kingdom</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Service <wbr />/ branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Years of service</th><td class="infobox-data">1938–1965</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Major_(United_Kingdom)" title="Major (United Kingdom)">Major</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em"><a href="/wiki/Service_number" title="Service number">Service number</a></th><td class="infobox-data">77306</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Unit</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Own_Royal_West_Kent_Regiment" title="Queen's Own Royal West Kent Regiment">Queen's Own Royal West Kent Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Artillery" title="Royal Artillery">Royal Artillery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Battles / wars</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1116488514">.mw-parser-output .treeview ul{padding:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .treeview li{padding:0;margin:0;list-style-type:none;list-style-image:none}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li{background:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Treeview-grey-line.png")no-repeat 0 -2981px;padding-left:21px;text-indent:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li:last-child{background-position:0 -5971px}.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>.mw-empty-elt:first-child+.emptyline,.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>li:first-child{background-position:0 9px}</style><div class="treeview"> <ul><li>Second World War <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_campaign_(World_War_II)" title="Italian campaign (World War II)">Italian campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allied_invasion_of_Sicily" title="Allied invasion of Sicily">Allied invasion of Sicily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Goldflake" title="Operation Goldflake">Operation Goldflake</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data">(<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1033199720">.mw-parser-output div.crossreference{padding-left:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><span role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable crossreference selfref">see <a href="#Medals_and_honours">§ Medals and honours</a></span>)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Sir Denis Thatcher, 1st Baronet</b>, <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_British_Empire" title="Order of the British Empire">MBE</a></span>, <span style="font-size: small;"><a href="/wiki/Territorial_Decoration" title="Territorial Decoration">TD</a></span>, <span style="font-size: small;"><a href="/wiki/Commander_of_the_Order_of_St_John" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander of the Order of St John">CStJ</a></span></span> (10 May 1915 – 26 June 2003) was an English businessman and the husband of <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a>, who served as the first female <a href="/wiki/British_prime_minister" class="mw-redirect" title="British prime minister">British prime minister</a> from 1979 to 1990; thus, he became the first male <a href="/wiki/Spouse_of_the_prime_minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Spouse of the prime minister of the United Kingdom">prime ministerial spouse</a>. </p><p>Thatcher was granted the <a href="/wiki/Thatcher_baronetcy" class="mw-redirect" title="Thatcher baronetcy">Thatcher baronetcy</a> in 1990, the only <a href="/wiki/Baronetcy" class="mw-redirect" title="Baronetcy">baronetcy</a> created since 1964, and remains the most recent <a href="/wiki/Commoner" title="Commoner">commoner</a> to have been awarded a <a href="/wiki/Hereditary_title" title="Hereditary title">hereditary title</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Denis_Thatcher&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Denis Thatcher was born on 10 May 1915 at 26 Southbrook Road, Lee, <a href="/wiki/Lewisham" title="Lewisham">Lewisham</a>, London, as the first child of New Zealand–born British businessman Thomas Herbert "Jack" Thatcher<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECollins2009_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECollins2009-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Lilian Kathleen Bird. At age eight, Denis entered a <a href="/wiki/Preparatory_school_(United_Kingdom)" title="Preparatory school (United Kingdom)">preparatory school</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bognor_Regis" title="Bognor Regis">Bognor Regis</a> as a <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/boarder" class="extiw" title="wikt:boarder">boarder</a>, following which he attended the <a href="/wiki/Nonconformist_(Protestantism)" title="Nonconformist (Protestantism)">nonconformist</a> public school <a href="/wiki/Mill_Hill_School" title="Mill Hill School">Mill Hill School</a> in <a href="/wiki/North_London" title="North London">north London</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECollins2009_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECollins2009-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At school he excelled at <a href="/wiki/Cricket" title="Cricket">cricket</a>, being a left-handed <a href="/wiki/Batsman" class="mw-redirect" title="Batsman">batsman</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThatcher199625_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThatcher199625-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Thatcher left Mill Hill School in 1933 and joined the family paint and <a href="/wiki/Preservative" title="Preservative">preservatives</a> business,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECollins2009_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECollins2009-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Atlas Preservatives.<sup id="cite_ref-theguardian_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theguardian-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also studied <a href="/wiki/Accountancy" class="mw-redirect" title="Accountancy">accountancy</a> to improve his grasp of business,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThatcher199653_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThatcher199653-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in 1935 he was appointed works manager.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThatcher199634_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThatcher199634-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He joined the <a href="/wiki/Territorial_Army_(United_Kingdom)" class="mw-redirect" title="Territorial Army (United Kingdom)">Territorial Army</a> shortly after the <a href="/wiki/Munich_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="Munich crisis">Munich crisis</a>, as he was convinced war was imminent<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECollins2009_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECollins2009-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> –  a view reinforced by a visit he made to <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a> with his father's business in 1937.<sup id="cite_ref-theguardian_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theguardian-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="War_record">War record</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Denis_Thatcher&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: War record"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the Second World War, Thatcher was commissioned as a <a href="/wiki/Second_lieutenant" title="Second lieutenant">second lieutenant</a> into the 34th Searchlight (<a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Own_Royal_West_Kent_Regiment" title="Queen's Own Royal West Kent Regiment">Queen's Own Royal West Kent Regiment</a>) of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Engineers" title="Royal Engineers">Royal Engineers</a>. He transferred to the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Artillery" title="Royal Artillery">Royal Artillery</a> on 1 August 1940.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the war he was promoted to war substantive <a href="/wiki/Captain_(British_Army_and_Royal_Marines)" title="Captain (British Army and Royal Marines)">captain</a> and temporary <a href="/wiki/Major_(United_Kingdom)" title="Major (United Kingdom)">major</a>. He served throughout the <a href="/wiki/Allied_invasion_of_Sicily" title="Allied invasion of Sicily">Allied invasion of Sicily</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Italian_campaign_(World_War_II)" title="Italian campaign (World War II)">Italian campaign</a> and was twice <a href="/wiki/Mentioned_in_dispatches" title="Mentioned in dispatches">mentioned in dispatches</a>, and in 1945 was appointed a <a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Member of the Order of the British Empire">Member of the Order of the British Empire</a> (MBE). The first mention in dispatches came on 11 January 1945, for service in Italy,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the second on 29 November 1945, again for Italian service.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His MBE was <a href="/wiki/Gazetted" class="mw-redirect" title="Gazetted">gazetted</a> on 20 September 1945,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was awarded for his efforts in initiating and supporting <a href="/wiki/Operation_Goldflake" title="Operation Goldflake">Operation Goldflake</a>, the transfer of <a href="/wiki/I_Canadian_Corps" title="I Canadian Corps">I Canadian Corps</a> from Italy to the north-west <a href="/wiki/European_theatre_of_World_War_II" title="European theatre of World War II">European theatre</a> of operations. Thatcher was based in <a href="/wiki/Marseille" title="Marseille">Marseille</a>, attached to HQ 203 sub-area. In the recommendation for the MBE (dated 28 March 1945), his commanding officer wrote: "Maj. Thatcher set an outstanding example of energy, initiative and drive. He deserves most of the credit for [...] the excellence of the work done."<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Thatcher also received the approximate French equivalent of a mention when he was cited in orders at <i><a href="/wiki/Corps_d%27Arm%C3%A9e" class="mw-redirect" title="Corps d'Armée">Corps d'Armée</a></i> level for his efforts in promoting smooth relations between the <a href="/wiki/British_Empire_in_World_War_II" title="British Empire in World War II">Commonwealth military forces</a> and the French civil and military authorities.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was promoted to substantive <a href="/wiki/First_lieutenant" title="First lieutenant">lieutenant</a> on 11 April 1945.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Demobilised in 1946, he returned to run the family business –  his father having died (aged 57) on 24 June 1943, when Thatcher was in Sicily. Because of army commitments, Thatcher was unable to attend the funeral.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThatcher199639_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThatcher199639-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He remained in the Territorial Army reserve of officers until reaching the age limit for service on 10 May 1965, when he retired, retaining the honorary rank of major.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 21 September 1982 he was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Efficiency_Decoration" title="Efficiency Decoration">Territorial Decoration</a> (TD) for his service.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Marriages">Marriages</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Denis_Thatcher&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Marriages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Thatcher married twice, during wartime to Margot Kempson in 1942 (divorced in 1948),<sup id="cite_ref-theguardian_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theguardian-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in 1951 to Margaret Roberts.<sup id="cite_ref-telegraph_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-telegraph-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Margot_Kempson">Margot Kempson</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Denis_Thatcher&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Margot Kempson"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 28 March 1942, Thatcher married Margaret Doris<sup id="cite_ref-telegraph_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-telegraph-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "Margot" Kempson, the daughter of a businessman,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECollins2009_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECollins2009-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at St Mary's Church in <a href="/wiki/Monken_Hadley" title="Monken Hadley">Monken Hadley</a>. They met at an officers' dance at <a href="/wiki/Grosvenor_House" title="Grosvenor House">Grosvenor House</a> the year before.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThatcher199649–50_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThatcher199649–50-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Thatcher and his first wife never lived together.<sup id="cite_ref-theguardian_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theguardian-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their married life became confined to snatched weekends and irregular leaves as Thatcher was often abroad during the war. When Thatcher returned to England after being demobilised in 1946, his wife told him she had met someone else and wanted a divorce.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThatcher199651_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThatcher199651-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Thatcher was so traumatised by the event that he completely refused to talk about his first marriage or the separation, even to his daughter, as she states in her 1996 biography of him.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThatcher1996_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThatcher1996-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (March 2021)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Thatcher's two children found out about his first marriage only in 1976 (by which time, their mother had become <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(United_Kingdom)" title="Leader of the Opposition (United Kingdom)">Leader of the Opposition</a>) and then only when the media revealed it.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThatcher199646–47_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThatcher199646–47-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Margaret_Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Denis_Thatcher&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Margaret Thatcher"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher#Post-Oxford_career:_1947–1951" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher § Post-Oxford career: 1947–1951</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Thatchers_and_Bushes_at_Chequers.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Thatchers_and_Bushes_at_Chequers.jpg/170px-Thatchers_and_Bushes_at_Chequers.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Thatchers_and_Bushes_at_Chequers.jpg/255px-Thatchers_and_Bushes_at_Chequers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Thatchers_and_Bushes_at_Chequers.jpg/340px-Thatchers_and_Bushes_at_Chequers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="2100" /></a><figcaption>Denis and Margaret Thatcher with US vice president <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George Bush</a> and second lady <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Bush" title="Barbara Bush">Barbara Bush</a> at <a href="/wiki/Chequers" title="Chequers">Chequers</a> in 1984</figcaption></figure> <p>In February 1949, at a Paint Trades Federation function in <a href="/wiki/Dartford" title="Dartford">Dartford</a>, he met Margaret Hilda Roberts, a <a href="/wiki/Chemist" title="Chemist">chemist</a> and newly selected <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_candidate" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary candidate">parliamentary candidate</a>. When she met Denis for the first time, she described him as "not a very attractive creature" and "very reserved but quite nice".<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They married on 13 December 1951, at <a href="/wiki/Wesley%27s_Chapel" title="Wesley's Chapel">Wesley's Chapel</a> in <a href="/wiki/City_Road" title="City Road">City Road</a>, London; the Robertses were <a href="/wiki/Methodist" class="mw-redirect" title="Methodist">Methodists</a>. Margaret Thatcher was <a href="/wiki/1975_Conservative_Party_leadership_election" title="1975 Conservative Party leadership election">elected Leader of the Conservative Party</a> in 1975. She went on to win the <a href="/wiki/1979_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1979 United Kingdom general election">1979 general election</a> to become the first female prime minister in British history. Denis became the first <a href="/wiki/Spouse_of_the_prime_minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Spouse of the prime minister of the United Kingdom">husband of a British prime minister</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1953, they had twin children (<a href="/wiki/Carol_Thatcher" title="Carol Thatcher">Carol</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mark_Thatcher" title="Mark Thatcher">Mark</a>), who were born on 15 August at <a href="/wiki/Queen_Charlotte%27s_and_Chelsea_Hospital" title="Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital">Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hammersmith" title="Hammersmith">Hammersmith</a>, seven weeks premature.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECosgrave1978111_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECosgrave1978111-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thatcher was watching the deciding Test of the <a href="/wiki/1953_Ashes_series#Fifth_Test_at_The_Oval" class="mw-redirect" title="1953 Ashes series">1953 Ashes series</a> at the time of the twins' birth.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBlundell201313_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBlundell201313-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They had watched the <a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_Elizabeth_II" title="Coronation of Elizabeth II">Coronation</a> earlier in the year from <a href="/wiki/Parliament_Square" title="Parliament Square">Parliament Square</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThatcher199578_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThatcher199578-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Not long after the <a href="/wiki/1964_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1964 United Kingdom general election">1964 general election</a>, Thatcher suffered a <a href="/wiki/Nervous_breakdown" class="mw-redirect" title="Nervous breakdown">nervous breakdown</a> which put a severe strain on his marriage.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECannadine2017_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECannadine2017-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The breakdown was probably caused by the increasing pressure of running the family business, caring for his relatives, and his wife's preoccupation with her political career, which left him lonely and exhausted.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECannadine2017_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECannadine2017-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thatcher sailed to South Africa and stayed there for two months to recuperate.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECannadine2017_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECannadine2017-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His wife's biographer <a href="/wiki/David_Cannadine" title="David Cannadine">David Cannadine</a> described it as "the greatest crisis of their marriage", but immediately after, he recovered and returned home, he maintained a happy marriage for the rest of his life.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECannadine2017_26-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECannadine2017-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This second marriage for Thatcher led to the future prime minister being sometimes referred to as "Mrs Denis Thatcher" in such sources as <a href="/wiki/Preselection" title="Preselection">selection</a> minutes,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERamsden1996117_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERamsden1996117-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> travel itineraries,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and society publications such as <a href="/wiki/Queen_(magazine)" title="Queen (magazine)"><i>Queen</i></a>, even after she was elected a <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(United_Kingdom)" title="Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)">Member of Parliament</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHodgkinson198895_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHodgkinson198895-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As Margaret's political career progressed, she preferred to be known only as "Mrs Thatcher". </p><p>According to <a href="/wiki/John_Campbell_(biographer)" title="John Campbell (biographer)">John Campbell</a>, a biographer of his wife, "their marriage was more a partnership of mutual convenience than a romance",<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECampbell200088_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECampbell200088-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> quoting their daughter Carol in her biography of Denis: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>If marriage is either a takeover or a merger, then my parents enjoyed the latter. There was a great deal of common ground and a tacit <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/laissez_faire#Adjective" class="extiw" title="wikt:laissez faire"><i>laissez faire</i></a> agreement that they would get on with their own interests and activities. There was no possessiveness, nor any expectation that one partner's career should take precedence.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThatcher199691–92_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThatcher199691–92-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Business_career">Business career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Denis_Thatcher&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Business career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Denis_Thatcher_1982.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Denis_Thatcher_1982.jpg/170px-Denis_Thatcher_1982.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="241" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Denis_Thatcher_1982.jpg/255px-Denis_Thatcher_1982.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Denis_Thatcher_1982.jpg/340px-Denis_Thatcher_1982.jpg 2x" data-file-width="664" data-file-height="940" /></a><figcaption>Thatcher in 1982</figcaption></figure> <p>Thatcher was already a wealthy man when he met Margaret, and he financed her training as a <a href="/wiki/Barrister" title="Barrister">barrister</a>, and a home in Chelsea, London.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECollins2009_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECollins2009-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also bought a large house in <a href="/wiki/Lamberhurst,_Kent" class="mw-redirect" title="Lamberhurst, Kent">Lamberhurst, Kent</a>, in 1965.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECollins2009_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECollins2009-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His firm employed 200 people by 1957.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECollins2009_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECollins2009-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Thatcher became managing director of his family's firm Atlas Preservatives in 1947 and chairman in 1951, leading its overseas expansion.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> By the early 1960s, he found being in sole control of the family company difficult.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> This, his wife's political career, and their desire for financial security caused Thatcher to sell Atlas to <a href="/wiki/Castrol" title="Castrol">Castrol</a> in 1965 for £530,000 (£13,000,000 today). He continued to run Atlas and received a seat on Castrol's board; after <a href="/wiki/Burmah_Oil" title="Burmah Oil">Burmah Oil</a> took over Castrol in 1966, Thatcher became a senior divisional director, managing the planning and control department.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScott-Smith2003_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScott-Smith2003-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="Quotation needed from source to verify. (March 2021)">need quotation to verify</span></a></i>]</sup> He retired from Burmah in June 1975,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> four months after his wife won the Conservative Party leadership election. </p><p>In addition to being a director of Burmah Oil, Thatcher was a director and deputy chairman of Attwoods from July 1983 until January 1994.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was also a director of Quinton Hazell and a consultant to <a href="/wiki/Amec" class="mw-redirect" title="Amec">Amec</a> and <a href="/wiki/CSX" class="mw-redirect" title="CSX">CSX</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> His wife's biographer <a href="/wiki/Robin_Harris_(author)" title="Robin Harris (author)">Robin Harris</a> concludes:<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"></p><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>He was not, in fact, a particularly good businessman: he had inherited shares in a family firm which he managed, and he was lucky enough to sell his interest on terms that gave him a large pay-off and a good salary to boot. But it is significant that he left a very modest legacy at his death. This was because, throughout his life, and despite his training as an accountant and his eagle-eyed scrutiny of the <a href="/wiki/London_Stock_Exchange" title="London Stock Exchange">Stock Exchange</a>, he was a poor investor. Once his wife had become Prime Minister, and even after her retirement, it was Denis who lived off her and not vice versa. He matched <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Roberts" title="Alfred Roberts">Alf Roberts</a> in his dislike of spending his own money. More generally, while (in contrast to certain of his successors) he did not raise eyebrows about exploiting his position, he certainly made the most of it. He was a celebrity exclusively because of whom he had married.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarris201345_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarris201345-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Public_life_and_perceptions">Public life and perceptions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Denis_Thatcher&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Public life and perceptions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Denis_Thatcher_Nancy_Reagan_1988.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Denis_Thatcher_Nancy_Reagan_1988.jpg/220px-Denis_Thatcher_Nancy_Reagan_1988.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Denis_Thatcher_Nancy_Reagan_1988.jpg/330px-Denis_Thatcher_Nancy_Reagan_1988.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Denis_Thatcher_Nancy_Reagan_1988.jpg/440px-Denis_Thatcher_Nancy_Reagan_1988.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1684" data-file-height="1644" /></a><figcaption>Thatcher and US first lady <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Reagan" title="Nancy Reagan">Nancy Reagan</a> at Downing Street in 1988</figcaption></figure> <p>Thatcher refused press interviews and made only brief speeches. When he did speak to the press, he called his wife "The Boss". Margaret Thatcher often acknowledged her husband's support. In her autobiography, she wrote: "I could never have been Prime Minister for more than 11 years without Denis by my side." Thatcher saw his role as helping her survive the stress of the job, which he urged her to resign on the tenth anniversary of her becoming prime minister in 1989,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> sensing that otherwise she would be forced out. </p><p>In an interview with <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a></i> in October 1970, Thatcher said: "I don't pretend that I'm anything but an honest-to-God right-winger – those are my views and I don't care who knows 'em."<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His public image was shaped by the satirical "<a href="/wiki/Dear_Bill" title="Dear Bill">Dear Bill</a>" columns appearing since 1979 in <i><a href="/wiki/Private_Eye" title="Private Eye">Private Eye</a></i>, which portrayed him as a "<a href="/wiki/Gin" title="Gin">juniper</a>-sozzled, rightwing, golf-obsessed halfwit", and Thatcher found it useful to play along with this image to avoid allegations of unduly influencing his wife in political matters.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Given his professional background, Thatcher served as an advisor on financial matters, warning Margaret about the poor condition of <a href="/wiki/British_Leyland" title="British Leyland">British Leyland</a> after reviewing its books. He often insisted that she avoid overwork, to little avail, sometimes pleading, "Bed, woman!"<sup id="cite_ref-runciman20130606_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-runciman20130606-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They otherwise usually kept their careers separate; an exception was when Thatcher accompanied his wife on a 1967 visit to the United States sponsored by the <a href="/wiki/International_Visitor_Leadership_Program" title="International Visitor Leadership Program">International Visitor Leadership Program</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScott-Smith2003_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScott-Smith2003-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Thatcher was consistent in his strong opposition to the <a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Capital punishment in the United Kingdom">death penalty</a>, calling it "absolutely awful" and "barbaric". He said that he was against it because of innocent people being wrongly hanged and because juries could also be afraid to convict for fear of making a mistake.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Like his wife, Thatcher was consistently <a href="/wiki/Anti-socialist" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-socialist">anti-socialist</a>. He told his daughter in 1995 that he would have banned trade unions altogether in Britain.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> He had low regard for the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>, thinking it was biased against his wife and her government, as well as unpatriotic. In his most famous outburst about the corporation, he claimed his wife had been "stitched up by bloody BBC <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/poof" class="extiw" title="wikt:poof">poofs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Trotskyism" title="Trotskyism">Trots</a>" when <a href="/wiki/Diana_Gould%E2%80%93Margaret_Thatcher_exchange" title="Diana Gould–Margaret Thatcher exchange">she was questioned by a member of the public</a> about <a href="/wiki/Sinking_of_the_ARA_General_Belgrano" title="Sinking of the ARA General Belgrano">the sinking</a> of the <a href="/wiki/ARA_General_Belgrano" title="ARA General Belgrano">ARA <i>General Belgrano</i></a> on <i><a href="/wiki/Nationwide_(TV_programme)" title="Nationwide (TV programme)">Nationwide</a></i> in 1983.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Thatcher was reported by New Zealand (NZ) broadcaster and former diplomat <a href="/wiki/Chris_Laidlaw" title="Chris Laidlaw">Chris Laidlaw</a>—at the time NZ High Commissioner to Zimbabwe—as leaning towards him during a <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Heads_of_Government_Meeting" title="Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting">Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting</a>, asking "So, what do you think the <a href="/wiki/Fuzzy-Wuzzy" title="Fuzzy-Wuzzy">fuzzy wuzzies</a> are up to?"<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 1990, following the resignation of his wife as prime minister, it was announced that Thatcher would be created a <a href="/wiki/Baronet" title="Baronet">baronet</a>, (the first and only baronetcy created since 1964).<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The award was gazetted in February 1991, giving his title as <a href="/wiki/Thatcher_baronets" title="Thatcher baronets">Sir Denis Thatcher, 1st Baronet</a>, of <a href="/wiki/Scotney" class="mw-redirect" title="Scotney">Scotney</a> in the <a href="/wiki/County_of_Kent" class="mw-redirect" title="County of Kent">County of Kent</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thus, his wife was entitled to style herself <i>Lady Thatcher</i> while retaining her seat in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons" title="House of Commons">House of Commons</a>; however, she made it known that she preferred to remain addressed as "Mrs Thatcher",<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and would not use the style. She was created a <a href="/wiki/Life_peer" title="Life peer">life peeress</a> as Baroness Thatcher (Lady Thatcher in her own right) shortly after she retired from the Commons in <a href="/wiki/1992_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1992 United Kingdom general election">1992</a>. </p><p>In July 1991, Thatcher was created a <a href="/wiki/Commander_of_the_Order_of_St_John" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander of the Order of St John">Commander of the Order of St John</a>; his wife was also made a Dame of the order.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Illness_and_death">Illness and death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Denis_Thatcher&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Illness and death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MTgrave1.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/MTgrave1.jpeg/220px-MTgrave1.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/MTgrave1.jpeg/330px-MTgrave1.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/MTgrave1.jpeg/440px-MTgrave1.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1936" /></a><figcaption>Plaques on the graves of Denis and Margaret Thatcher at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Hospital_Chelsea" title="Royal Hospital Chelsea">Royal Hospital Chelsea</a> (pictured in 2014)</figcaption></figure> <p>In the autumn of 1992, Thatcher was diagnosed with <a href="/wiki/Prostate_cancer" title="Prostate cancer">prostate cancer</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoore2019788_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoore2019788-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but it was caught early. He responded well to treatment. </p><p>On 17 January 2003, Thatcher underwent a six-hour <a href="/wiki/Coronary_artery_bypass_surgery" title="Coronary artery bypass surgery">heart-bypass operation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aortic_valve" title="Aortic valve">aortic valve</a> operation at a <a href="/wiki/Harley_Street" title="Harley Street">Harley Street</a> clinic. He had complained of breathlessness for several weeks before Christmas 2002, and the problem was diagnosed in early January. He left the clinic on 28 January 2003 and appeared to recover fully after recuperation. Thatcher returned home on 14 February and visited his son Mark in South Africa in April, but in early June, he again complained of breathlessness and listlessness. Lady Thatcher's staff also thought he looked unwell, and on 13 June, he was admitted to the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Brompton_Hospital" title="Royal Brompton Hospital">Royal Brompton Hospital</a> for further tests.<sup id="cite_ref-irishtimes.com_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irishtimes.com-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nothing wrong was found with his heart but terminal <a href="/wiki/Pancreatic_cancer" title="Pancreatic cancer">pancreatic cancer</a> was diagnosed,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarris2013426_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarris2013426-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> along with fluid in his lungs. He was told nothing could be done for him, and after seven days there, on 20 June, he was transferred to the <a href="/wiki/Lister_Hospital,_Chelsea" title="Lister Hospital, Chelsea">Lister Hospital</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-irishtimes.com_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irishtimes.com-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He lost consciousness on 24 June<sup id="cite_ref-Telegraph2003_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Telegraph2003-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and never regained it. He died on the morning of 26 June, at the age of 88.<sup id="cite_ref-Telegraph2003_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Telegraph2003-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His funeral service took place on 3 July 2003 at the chapel of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Hospital_Chelsea" title="Royal Hospital Chelsea">Royal Hospital Chelsea</a> in London, followed by a cremation at <a href="/wiki/Mortlake_Crematorium" title="Mortlake Crematorium">Mortlake Crematorium</a><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in <a href="/wiki/Richmond,_London" title="Richmond, London">Richmond, London</a>. On 30 October, a memorial service was held at <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Abbey" title="Westminster Abbey">Westminster Abbey</a>. His ashes were buried under a white marble marker just outside the Royal Hospital in Chelsea.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After <a href="/wiki/Death_and_funeral_of_Margaret_Thatcher" title="Death and funeral of Margaret Thatcher">his wife's death in 2013</a>, her ashes were buried near his.<sup id="cite_ref-Telegraph-20130913_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Telegraph-20130913-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BBC-intere_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-intere-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Profiles">Profiles</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Denis_Thatcher&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Profiles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Married_to_Maggie"><i>Married to Maggie</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Denis_Thatcher&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Married to Maggie"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Produced by his daughter Carol,<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thatcher's single public interview <span class="citation-needed-content" style="padding-left:0.1em; padding-right:0.1em; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); border:1px solid var(--border-color-subtle, #c8ccd1);">(which took place in October 2002)</span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> was made into a documentary film titled <i>Married to Maggie</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> broadcast after his death.<sup id="cite_ref-theguardian.com_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theguardian.com-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In it he revealed that the spouses he liked were <a href="/wiki/Raisa_Gorbacheva" title="Raisa Gorbacheva">Raisa Gorbacheva</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Reagan" title="Nancy Reagan">Nancy Reagan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Bush" title="Barbara Bush">Barbara Bush</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-theguardian.com_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theguardian.com-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He called his wife's successor, <a href="/wiki/John_Major" title="John Major">John Major</a>, "a ghastly prime minister", saying that "[i]t would have been a [...] very good thing" had he lost the <a href="/wiki/1992_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1992 United Kingdom general election">1992 general election</a>. He added that he thought his wife was "the best prime minister since <a href="/wiki/Churchill" class="mw-redirect" title="Churchill">Churchill</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-theguardian.com_57-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theguardian.com-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Below_the_Parapet"><i>Below the Parapet</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Denis_Thatcher&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Below the Parapet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="#CITEREFThatcher1996"><i>Below the Parapet</i></a> (1996) is the biography by his daughter Carol. In it, he said that politics as a profession or way of life did not appeal to him.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThatcher1996_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThatcher1996-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (April 2021)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup> World leaders he got on with included <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThatcher1996252_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThatcher1996252-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/F._W._de_Klerk" title="F. W. de Klerk">F. W. de Klerk</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThatcher1996231_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThatcher1996231-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Hussein_of_Jordan" title="Hussein of Jordan">Hussein of Jordan</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThatcher1996176_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThatcher1996176-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Mikhail Gorbachev</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThatcher1996_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThatcher1996-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (April 2021)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup> whilst he disliked <a href="/wiki/Indira_Gandhi" title="Indira Gandhi">Indira Gandhi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sir_Sonny_Ramphal" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Sonny Ramphal">Sir Sonny Ramphal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThatcher1996211_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThatcher1996211-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thatcher admitted that he was not sure where the Falkland Islands were until they were <a href="/wiki/1982_invasion_of_the_Falkland_Islands" title="1982 invasion of the Falkland Islands">invaded in 1982</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThatcher1996188_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThatcher1996188-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Medals_and_honours">Medals and honours</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Denis_Thatcher&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Medals and honours"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Thatcher was awarded the following <a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of the United Kingdom">medals and honours</a>: </p> <table style="margin: auto;"> <tbody><tr> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Baronet%27s_Badge_ribbon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Baronetcy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f9/Baronet%27s_Badge_ribbon.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="30" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="30" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Order_of_the_British_Empire_(Military)_Ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Member of the Order of the British Empire (Military Division)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Order_of_the_British_Empire_%28Military%29_Ribbon.svg/107px-Order_of_the_British_Empire_%28Military%29_Ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="107" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Order_of_the_British_Empire_%28Military%29_Ribbon.svg/161px-Order_of_the_British_Empire_%28Military%29_Ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Order_of_the_British_Empire_%28Military%29_Ribbon.svg/214px-Order_of_the_British_Empire_%28Military%29_Ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="765" data-file-height="215" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:St_John_Order_Ribbon_(UK).gif" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Commander of the Order of St John" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/76/St_John_Order_Ribbon_%28UK%29.gif" decoding="async" width="114" height="30" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="114" data-file-height="30" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="margin: auto;"> <tbody><tr> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ribbon_-_Efficiency_Decoration_(TAVR).png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Territorial Decoration" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Ribbon_-_Efficiency_Decoration_%28TAVR%29.png/117px-Ribbon_-_Efficiency_Decoration_%28TAVR%29.png" decoding="async" width="117" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Ribbon_-_Efficiency_Decoration_%28TAVR%29.png/175px-Ribbon_-_Efficiency_Decoration_%28TAVR%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Ribbon_-_Efficiency_Decoration_%28TAVR%29.png/233px-Ribbon_-_Efficiency_Decoration_%28TAVR%29.png 2x" data-file-width="380" data-file-height="98" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ribbon_-_War_Medal_%26_MiD.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="War Medal 1939–1945 with Mention in Dispatches Oakleaf" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Ribbon_-_War_Medal_%26_MiD.png/109px-Ribbon_-_War_Medal_%26_MiD.png" decoding="async" width="109" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Ribbon_-_War_Medal_%26_MiD.png/164px-Ribbon_-_War_Medal_%26_MiD.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Ribbon_-_War_Medal_%26_MiD.png/218px-Ribbon_-_War_Medal_%26_MiD.png 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="705" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Italy_Star_BAR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Italy Star" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Italy_Star_BAR.svg/109px-Italy_Star_BAR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="109" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Italy_Star_BAR.svg/164px-Italy_Star_BAR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Italy_Star_BAR.svg/218px-Italy_Star_BAR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:39-45_Star_BAR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="1939–1945 Star" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/39-45_Star_BAR.svg/109px-39-45_Star_BAR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="109" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/39-45_Star_BAR.svg/164px-39-45_Star_BAR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/39-45_Star_BAR.svg/218px-39-45_Star_BAR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th>Ribbon </th> <th>Appointment </th> <th>Letters </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4">1945 </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ribbon_-_War_Medal_%26_MiD.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Ribbon_-_War_Medal_%26_MiD.png/40px-Ribbon_-_War_Medal_%26_MiD.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Ribbon_-_War_Medal_%26_MiD.png/60px-Ribbon_-_War_Medal_%26_MiD.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Ribbon_-_War_Medal_%26_MiD.png/80px-Ribbon_-_War_Medal_%26_MiD.png 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="705" /></a></span> </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/War_Medal_1939%E2%80%931945" title="War Medal 1939–1945">War Medal 1939–1945</a> with <a href="/wiki/Mention_in_Dispatches" class="mw-redirect" title="Mention in Dispatches">Mention in Dispatches</a> Oakleaf </th> <td rowspan="3" data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Italy_Star_BAR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Italy_Star_BAR.svg/40px-Italy_Star_BAR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Italy_Star_BAR.svg/60px-Italy_Star_BAR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Italy_Star_BAR.svg/80px-Italy_Star_BAR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Italy_Star" title="Italy Star">Italy Star</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:39-45_Star_BAR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/39-45_Star_BAR.svg/40px-39-45_Star_BAR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/39-45_Star_BAR.svg/60px-39-45_Star_BAR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/39-45_Star_BAR.svg/80px-39-45_Star_BAR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1939%E2%80%931945_Star" title="1939–1945 Star">1939–1945 Star</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Order_of_the_British_Empire_(Military)_Ribbon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Order_of_the_British_Empire_%28Military%29_Ribbon.png/40px-Order_of_the_British_Empire_%28Military%29_Ribbon.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Order_of_the_British_Empire_%28Military%29_Ribbon.png/60px-Order_of_the_British_Empire_%28Military%29_Ribbon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Order_of_the_British_Empire_%28Military%29_Ribbon.png/80px-Order_of_the_British_Empire_%28Military%29_Ribbon.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="30" /></a></span> </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Member of the Order of the British Empire">Member of the Order of the British Empire</a> (Military Division) </th> <td>MBE </td></tr> <tr> <td>1982 </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ribbon_-_Efficiency_Decoration_(TAVR).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Ribbon_-_Efficiency_Decoration_%28TAVR%29.png/40px-Ribbon_-_Efficiency_Decoration_%28TAVR%29.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Ribbon_-_Efficiency_Decoration_%28TAVR%29.png/60px-Ribbon_-_Efficiency_Decoration_%28TAVR%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Ribbon_-_Efficiency_Decoration_%28TAVR%29.png/80px-Ribbon_-_Efficiency_Decoration_%28TAVR%29.png 2x" data-file-width="380" data-file-height="98" /></a></span> </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Efficiency_Decoration" title="Efficiency Decoration">Territorial Decoration</a> </th> <td>TD </td></tr> <tr> <td>1990 </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Baronet%27s_Badge_ribbon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Baronet%27s_Badge_ribbon.png/40px-Baronet%27s_Badge_ribbon.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Baronet%27s_Badge_ribbon.png/60px-Baronet%27s_Badge_ribbon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Baronet%27s_Badge_ribbon.png/80px-Baronet%27s_Badge_ribbon.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="30" /></a></span> </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Baronet" title="Baronet">Baronetcy</a> </th> <td>Bt </td></tr> <tr> <td>1991 </td> <td><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Order_of_St_John_(UK)_ribbon_-vector.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Order_of_St_John_%28UK%29_ribbon_-vector.svg/40px-Order_of_St_John_%28UK%29_ribbon_-vector.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Order_of_St_John_%28UK%29_ribbon_-vector.svg/60px-Order_of_St_John_%28UK%29_ribbon_-vector.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Order_of_St_John_%28UK%29_ribbon_-vector.svg/80px-Order_of_St_John_%28UK%29_ribbon_-vector.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="442" data-file-height="126" /></a></span> </td> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Commander_of_the_Order_of_St_John" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander of the Order of St John">Commander of the Order of St John</a> </th> <td>CStJ </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="max-width: 100%"> <caption class="nowrap">Coat of arms of Sir Denis Thatcher, Bt </caption> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 220px;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Denis_Thatcher.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Coat_of_Arms_of_Denis_Thatcher.svg/220px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Denis_Thatcher.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="292" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Coat_of_Arms_of_Denis_Thatcher.svg/330px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Denis_Thatcher.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Coat_of_Arms_of_Denis_Thatcher.svg/440px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Denis_Thatcher.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="566" data-file-height="751" /></a></span> </td> <td style="min-width:175px;"> <dl><dt>Crest</dt> <dd>A demi-lion rampant Or within a circlet of New Zealand ferns Argent, holding between the fore-paws a pair of shears proper.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDebrett's2000_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDebrett's2000-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (April 2021)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup></dd> <dt>Escutcheon</dt> <dd>Gules, two chevrons Or between three crosses moline Argent. On a chief Azure, between two fleurs-de-lis Argent, a mural crown Or masoned Gules.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDebrett's2000_63-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDebrett's2000-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (April 2021)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup></dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Denis_Thatcher&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECollins2009-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECollins2009_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECollins2009_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECollins2009_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECollins2009_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECollins2009_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECollins2009_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECollins2009_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECollins2009_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCollins2009">Collins 2009</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThatcher199625-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThatcher199625_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThatcher1996">Thatcher 1996</a>, p. 25.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-theguardian-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-theguardian_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-theguardian_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-theguardian_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-theguardian_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBarker2003" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Barker" title="Dennis Barker">Barker, Dennis</a> (26 June 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/news/2003/jun/26/guardianobituaries.past">"Sir Denis Thatcher"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Sir+Denis+Thatcher&rft.date=2003-06-26&rft.aulast=Barker&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fnews%2F2003%2Fjun%2F26%2Fguardianobituaries.past&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThatcher199653-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThatcher199653_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThatcher1996">Thatcher 1996</a>, p. 53.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThatcher199634-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThatcher199634_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThatcher1996">Thatcher 1996</a>, p. 34.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a 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href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGazette36886" class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/36886/supplement/315">"No. 36886"</a>. <i>The London Gazette</i> (Supplement). 9 January 1945. pp. <span class="nowrap">315–</span>317.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+London+Gazette&rft.atitle=No.+36886&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E315-%3C%2Fspan%3E317&rft.date=1945-01-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegazette.co.uk%2FLondon%2Fissue%2F36886%2Fsupplement%2F315&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/margaret-thatcher-2/">the original</a> on 5 August 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+Baroness+Margaret+Thatcher&rft.pub=UK+Government&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.number10.gov.uk%2Fhistory-and-tour%2Fmargaret-thatcher-2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECosgrave1978111-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECosgrave1978111_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCosgrave1978">Cosgrave 1978</a>, p. 111.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBlundell201313-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBlundell201313_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBlundell2013">Blundell 2013</a>, p. 13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThatcher199578-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThatcher199578_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThatcher1995">Thatcher 1995</a>, p. 78.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECannadine2017-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECannadine2017_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECannadine2017_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECannadine2017_26-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECannadine2017_26-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCannadine2017">Cannadine 2017</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRayner2013" class="citation news cs1">Rayner, Gordon (23 April 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/margaret-thatcher/10011297/Margaret-Thatcher-Sir-Denis-contemplated-divorce-after-he-suffered-a-nervous-breakdown-in-1960s.html">"Margaret Thatcher: Sir Denis 'contemplated divorce' after he suffered a nervous breakdown in 1960s"</a>. <i>The Telegraph</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 January</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Margaret+Thatcher%3A+Sir+Denis+%27contemplated+divorce%27+after+he+suffered+a+nervous+breakdown+in+1960s&rft.date=2013-04-23&rft.aulast=Rayner&rft.aufirst=Gordon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Fmargaret-thatcher%2F10011297%2FMargaret-Thatcher-Sir-Denis-contemplated-divorce-after-he-suffered-a-nervous-breakdown-in-1960s.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERamsden1996117-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERamsden1996117_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRamsden1996">Ramsden 1996</a>, p. 117.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBlundell2008">Blundell 2008</a>, pp. <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/margaretthatcher0000blun/page/59">59</a></span><span style="position:relative, top: -2px,"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Paywall" title="closed access publication – behind paywall"><img alt="Closed access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg/9px-Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg/14px-Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg/18px-Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span>–60.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHodgkinson198895-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHodgkinson198895_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHodgkinson1988">Hodgkinson 1988</a>, p. 95.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECampbell200088-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECampbell200088_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCampbell2000">Campbell 2000</a>, p. 88.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThatcher199691–92-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThatcher199691–92_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThatcher1996">Thatcher 1996</a>, pp. 91–92.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScott-Smith2003-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScott-Smith2003_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScott-Smith2003_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFScott-Smith2003">Scott-Smith 2003</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.afr.com/politics/denis-thatchers-company-in-alleged-bribery-dealing-19890705-k3i6l">"Denis Thatcher's Company in Alleged Bribery Dealing"</a>. <i>Australian Financial Review</i>. 5 July 1989<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Australian+Financial+Review&rft.atitle=Denis+Thatcher%27s+Company+in+Alleged+Bribery+Dealing&rft.date=1989-07-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.afr.com%2Fpolitics%2Fdenis-thatchers-company-in-alleged-bribery-dealing-19890705-k3i6l&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/document-api-images-live.ch.gov.uk/docs/xCuFSYuDmrFO7xU5ikpOpYfPWOfX4MKkbF4JWdeFTxc/application-pdf?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAWRGBDBV3KO6ISEHX%2F20221026%2Feu-west-2%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20221026T071708Z&X-Amz-Expires=60&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEAsaCWV1LXdlc3QtMiJGMEQCIBjhA%2BpdEURVV8Ghsxx5GE3h3gul15U01vZTUPOe7Li4AiB9TauCkIFMI7gK8%2B3rqDjC8ow51k3gqxJ1%2BcI8Fjpo2SrWBAjk%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F8BEAQaDDQ0OTIyOTAzMjgyMiIMGsf2iZfjuHPckUstKqoEi6SXFynPRjiyfGtKpWIOd3Pj%2BrB63eHZ2xWpi8gDGebT5W1jSgSEccSQB6ZfV07k1KdqbAKDUF2%2Ft4k7IQHEA2GdeWx4J16RwD9fLOTzffAbM%2B0a2y5cKJ8nviVYICGZMrXdqzyRpd7oFuiqf%2Bc5oN7tnpF1L4JdDxm%2BI5gYtzDxA%2FCdg95Wtrnk5L3hD0ZzHqnQWZ1InsdnpLWr4d4mWgVjTzo6gyxCGaaVncQOM%2BhKRFQvvyp9Y617CaD54EOeSsOvT9kNvRdDnnrubber%2BpPMmgHezhtB3hivbFJGJF1cbrLZLoIc5nysPJS5NGsl31LPyNvn7chS%2B4mgv1TRB4tuhhbDW60y608hLVnhOoibcq7HGDDephfawmQX6n6Sopqd8H8AQRQbi6aj6BNI%2Fw6pPEftBcVqdMd8AZhpIksh4gXAdZ91CZgs07Be8wypnfqDIUHYtRxGUswmTLyONAvayS%2F72kWYhEjEf9fcz95C8ayrzcNXkuxkZWme71HhraOdf%2B7UVdjjcLtMchSAjSAsb1fxjkf9bHhBJpo05F3eDRlx8A3aJOVFuY%2BkBQYqsqq5nl7EbmIaHv%2BtBi%2BlUVP3LkG91MGAI222i1fepPSUuXSv1K0IIKSOVF6urFF%2F92C4e442w9xdWnJaNEcYxrQi9OHitqCl3JulirkxGldEfBqXgtUblzUXsWGoK6GqBQfmyGymuVYfBPbtOGxb%2FQTfz6P8DBm5oRowoLjimgY6qgFCfz66qs7VaNhSiX3oesnB8Xuh50%2F0scR%2BiUgUZAXCcW8sOleyWuIvcg1RjBp70LHmPBg16sJ2EiWjZGzPWt8YyAsxve8XvJ9xCAM0G7Av74%2FAmN5oVvMUo5XjOtlGZXlLf7JFg9G5TrzlwLPxtIof9wWBT3T7kRFZ3kZ7y0A4%2FChyAR9k5gq%2F9Dl%2FmnIrd%2F4Nbi9w7SgPR17xWZez2gFcbwkddDQo1Jc1tA%3D%3D&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&response-content-disposition=inline%3Bfilename%3D%22companies_house_document.pdf%22&X-Amz-Signature=67139a9f15d25eb4306ad13fd255c3be2b707f2cf1255bb9b40d2ceb1e9b159c">Annual accounts for year ended 31 July 1994</a> Attwoods 5 December 1994 page 14<sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged October 2022">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/document-api-images-live.ch.gov.uk/docs/guWBuIaa45FJW1fWv9MB1jmc7X5Ud5xa3pUsMmUSMIc/application-pdf?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAWRGBDBV3D3GECL4I%2F20221026%2Feu-west-2%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20221026T070606Z&X-Amz-Expires=60&X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEA4aCWV1LXdlc3QtMiJGMEQCICJ4cJtBhjZd23Gdm3e%2BjIzcbuNm0RAIfB4f3kEy9BybAiAVGqtG5rcZiHBs6F7Svk4aGV3TV1iDgl3BCJaMAGkOpyrWBAjn%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F8BEAQaDDQ0OTIyOTAzMjgyMiIMaHOG89svuUWAtxIuKqoEGJMSD4%2FS5DT%2FG6POXbp7Dt1cXTLa2B%2FIp7nl9%2FCG8oOROUsQ69Xom0eYxGBBNvbvyIMhs3RGK7uLDX1dnrOR6izAdsVUsiafCc1%2F77DiuWZtZ0QAFZBcyONX7ARe8aE8sjVuuG42fhZM%2BHSBRMFAsh4mBduUKuvFp4PtlXakGHSao5RdP9qjssC666Ig%2B0NcQCE9Dw6uZ3Flmo7jpNOQRaqVsMR5Lv0TKykkdVK3qCf1Edm8bJkquNcQty02rObFl1P6ItrAgI%2FQ%2B5UkhQTBUsJ7qbMI6d4blvrb86IBNFalNPttiJHGo%2FYqv%2F6ssxPVpz70fSnCujfjO1WToL6DCn4Jq8I%2Fwv%2FHdDDfSsNDixiRii%2FcidKd7%2BYd%2FvMjlb74xXzsWAkSXm6oTiyl3pTHCaki1o4J6Ohy%2Fq64lkBLQQIyao9I0L0OBnIWVItn%2FqNQpVSpPEE9JYoA6EZ3yy2ZLnmzCYzqPcYplNvkLQjTpIzolNdPOoXsNrCsi2h5dVJIF87CxqJhy4N4lMAPaIIpGjEYW3rLF%2FwoiPv9tudp6S3VJoVt2emp0M%2FHVg9yRXmQri4RqAX4xmgTkDP7j52Te3k47ODev%2BxgjWKaDqWVR1FknLxtlbNZ26pQ3WVdt3QjWndSnrt3EO1xq25mgiv3lddRmkBGBsscD7O9wlJCLjd%2FQRCf9nEXiq87j%2FEG3UZA94%2BNgsAXeGEsU%2BPFnOGPDsMCeTiwfN7Q7Nkw1ZTjmgY6qgFx2wJQ7hTSHsaPp6O9tG30IZcJBEpQVa6wziyRepf%2BUxQUdQ9hd1%2BM1pJxJn3UO3%2FbtCZlZV0n%2BNbN%2FnDfRBS%2F1zwyYFskSgvxx3xYB4JBUHhe0nZlu5ioQjZTI2Cs0Jjlu3tFf6SqL3IwEFW0XSiFmERAu%2BEJipUfLcT9X3VK8ypFCmpEkht9HVrRswtDl9HCVGmAzDahufMd%2B0ob0qSz1L79Yx3rkiK75w%3D%3D&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&response-content-disposition=inline%3Bfilename%3D%22companies_house_document.pdf%22&X-Amz-Signature=fd32656c235eed1858b6653189133e55910dd2f97c32537f2cfaf4d9470dfc1a">Annual accounts for year ended 31 July 1992</a> Attwoods 2 December 1992 page 9<sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged October 2022">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarris201345-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarris201345_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHarris2013">Harris 2013</a>, p. 45.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation interview cs1">"[Denis Thatcher]". <i>The Times</i> (Interview). Interviewed by Kirsten Cubitt. 5 October 1970. p. 7.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=%5BDenis+Thatcher%5D&rft.pages=7&rft.date=1970-10-05&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPilkington1996" class="citation news cs1">Pilkington, Edward (26 February 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/1996/feb/26/past.fromthearchive">"Dear Bill: gin-soaked halfwit was all a ruse"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 July</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Dear+Bill%3A+gin-soaked+halfwit+was+all+a+ruse&rft.date=1996-02-26&rft.aulast=Pilkington&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F1996%2Ffeb%2F26%2Fpast.fromthearchive&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-runciman20130606-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-runciman20130606_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRunciman2013" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Runciman" title="David Runciman">Runciman, David</a> (6 June 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lrb.co.uk/v35/n11/david-runciman/rat-a-tat-a-tat-a-tat-a-tat">"Rat-a-tat-a-tat-a-tat-a-tat"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/London_Review_of_Books" title="London Review of Books">London Review of Books</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=London+Review+of+Books&rft.atitle=Rat-a-tat-a-tat-a-tat-a-tat&rft.date=2013-06-06&rft.aulast=Runciman&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lrb.co.uk%2Fv35%2Fn11%2Fdavid-runciman%2Frat-a-tat-a-tat-a-tat-a-tat&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/1518975.stm">"TV's top 10 tantrums"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 31 August 2001<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 July</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=TV%27s+top+10+tantrums&rft.date=2001-08-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fuk%2F1518975.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBale2013" class="citation interview cs1"><a href="/wiki/Tim_Bale" title="Tim Bale">Bale, Tim</a> (14 April 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.radionz.co.nz/national/programmes/sunday/audio/2551960/tim-bale-thatcher-s-life-and-legacy.asx">"Thatcher's Life and Legacy"</a> (Interview). Interviewed by <a href="/wiki/RNZ_National" title="RNZ National">RNZ National</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 April</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Thatcher%27s+Life+and+Legacy&rft.date=2013-04-14&rft.aulast=Bale&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radionz.co.nz%2Fnational%2Fprogrammes%2Fsunday%2Faudio%2F2551960%2Ftim-bale-thatcher-s-life-and-legacy.asx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGazette52360" class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/52360/page/19066">"No. 52360"</a>. <i>The London Gazette</i>. 11 December 1990. p. 19066.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+London+Gazette&rft.atitle=No.+52360&rft.pages=19066&rft.date=1990-12-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegazette.co.uk%2FLondon%2Fissue%2F52360%2Fpage%2F19066&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGazette52443" class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/52443/page/1993">"No. 52443"</a>. <i>The London Gazette</i>. 7 February 1991. p. 1993.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+London+Gazette&rft.atitle=No.+52443&rft.pages=1993&rft.date=1991-02-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegazette.co.uk%2FLondon%2Fissue%2F52443%2Fpage%2F1993&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTuohy1990" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/William_Tuohy" title="William Tuohy">Tuohy, William</a> (8 December 1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1990-12-08-mn-5367-story.html">"It's Now 'Lady Thatcher,' but She'll Stick With 'Mrs.'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i>. London<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=It%27s+Now+%27Lady+Thatcher%2C%27+but+She%27ll+Stick+With+%27Mrs.%27&rft.date=1990-12-08&rft.aulast=Tuohy&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1990-12-08-mn-5367-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGazette52590" class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/52590/page/10029">"No. 52590"</a>. <i>The London Gazette</i>. 1 July 1991. p. 10029.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+London+Gazette&rft.atitle=No.+52590&rft.pages=10029&rft.date=1991-07-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegazette.co.uk%2FLondon%2Fissue%2F52590%2Fpage%2F10029&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoore2019788-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoore2019788_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMoore2019">Moore 2019</a>, p. 788.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-irishtimes.com-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-irishtimes.com_48-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-irishtimes.com_48-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishtimes.com/news/sir-denis-thatcher-dies-in-london-aged-88-1.484657">"Sir Denis Thatcher dies in London aged 88"</a>. <i>The Irish Times</i>. 26 June 2003<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Irish+Times&rft.atitle=Sir+Denis+Thatcher+dies+in+London+aged+88&rft.date=2003-06-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fnews%2Fsir-denis-thatcher-dies-in-london-aged-88-1.484657&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarris2013426-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarris2013426_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHarris2013">Harris 2013</a>, p. 426.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Telegraph2003-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Telegraph2003_50-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Telegraph2003_50-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrown2003" class="citation news cs1">Brown, Colin (29 June 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1434373/I-was-holding-Lady-Thatchers-hand-and-she-was-holding-Deniss-when-he-died.-There-were-no-final-words.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'I was holding Lady Thatcher's hand, and she was holding Denis's when he died. There were no final words'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>The Telegraph</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=%27I+was+holding+Lady+Thatcher%27s+hand%2C+and+she+was+holding+Denis%27s+when+he+died.+There+were+no+final+words%27&rft.date=2003-06-29&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Colin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuknews%2F1434373%2FI-was-holding-Lady-Thatchers-hand-and-she-was-holding-Deniss-when-he-died.-There-were-no-final-words.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050314225941/http://www.mortlakecrematorium.org/downloads/BROCHURE.pdf">"Notable dead at Mortlake"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Mortlake Crematorium. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mortlakecrematorium.org/downloads/BROCHURE.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 14 March 2005.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Notable+dead+at+Mortlake&rft.pub=Mortlake+Crematorium&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mortlakecrematorium.org%2Fdownloads%2FBROCHURE.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/margaret-thatcher/9980312/Margaret-Thatcher-Dont-waste-money-on-a-flypast-at-my-funeral.html">"Margaret Thatcher: 'Don't waste money on a flypast at my funeral'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a></span>. <i>The Telegraph</i>. London. 8 April 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Margaret+Thatcher%3A+%27Don%27t+waste+money+on+a+flypast+at+my+funeral%27&rft.date=2013-04-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Fmargaret-thatcher%2F9980312%2FMargaret-Thatcher-Dont-waste-money-on-a-flypast-at-my-funeral.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Telegraph-20130913-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Telegraph-20130913_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/margaret-thatcher/10341402/Baroness-Thatchers-ashes-laid-to-rest.html">"Baroness Thatcher's ashes laid to rest"</a></span>. <i>The Telegraph</i>. 28 September 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Baroness+Thatcher%27s+ashes+laid+to+rest&rft.date=2013-09-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Fmargaret-thatcher%2F10341402%2FBaroness-Thatchers-ashes-laid-to-rest.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC-intere-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BBC-intere_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-24316701">"Margaret Thatcher's ashes laid to rest at Royal Hospital Chelsea"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 28 September 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Margaret+Thatcher%27s+ashes+laid+to+rest+at+Royal+Hospital+Chelsea&rft.date=2013-09-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-24316701&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><i>Married to Maggie: The Denis and Margaret Thatcher Story</i>. 2003. <a href="/wiki/ASIN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ASIN (identifier)">ASIN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00GGTBVGQ">B00GGTBVGQ</a> – via <a href="/wiki/Amazon_Prime_Video" title="Amazon Prime Video">Amazon Prime Video</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Married+to+Maggie%3A+The+Denis+and+Margaret+Thatcher+Story&rft.date=2003&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2Fdp%2FB00GGTBVGQ%23id-name%3DASIN&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210423013539/https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b899a0e29"><i>Married to Maggie: Denis Thatcher's Story</i></a> (Film). Interviewed by Carol Thatcher. <a href="/wiki/Channel_4" title="Channel 4">Channel 4</a>. 3 August 2003. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b899a0e29">the original</a> on 23 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 April</span> 2021</span> – via the <a href="/wiki/BFI" class="mw-redirect" title="BFI">BFI</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Married+to+Maggie%3A+Denis+Thatcher%27s+Story&rft.pub=Channel+4&rft.date=2003-08-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww2.bfi.org.uk%2Ffilms-tv-people%2F4ce2b899a0e29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-theguardian.com-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-theguardian.com_57-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-theguardian.com_57-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-theguardian.com_57-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBanks-Smith2003" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Banks-Smith" title="Nancy Banks-Smith">Banks-Smith, Nancy</a> (4 August 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/media/2003/aug/04/broadcasting.ourcritics">"Stand by your ma'am"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2021</span>. <q>I liked Raisa Gorbachev... I liked Barbara Bush... I liked Nancy Reagan.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Stand+by+your+ma%27am&rft.date=2003-08-04&rft.aulast=Banks-Smith&rft.aufirst=Nancy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fmedia%2F2003%2Faug%2F04%2Fbroadcasting.ourcritics&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThatcher1996252-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThatcher1996252_58-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThatcher1996">Thatcher 1996</a>, p. 252.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThatcher1996231-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThatcher1996231_59-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThatcher1996">Thatcher 1996</a>, p. 231.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThatcher1996176-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThatcher1996176_60-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThatcher1996">Thatcher 1996</a>, p. 176.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThatcher1996211-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThatcher1996211_61-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThatcher1996">Thatcher 1996</a>, p. 211.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThatcher1996188-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThatcher1996188_62-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThatcher1996">Thatcher 1996</a>, p. 188.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDebrett's2000-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDebrett's2000_63-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDebrett's2000_63-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDebrett's2000">Debrett's 2000</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Works_cited">Works cited</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Denis_Thatcher&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Works cited"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlundell2008" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Blundell_(economist)" title="John Blundell (economist)">Blundell, John</a> (2008). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/margaretthatcher0000blun"><i>Margaret Thatcher: A Portrait of the Iron Lady</i></a></span>. Algora. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87586-632-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87586-632-1"><bdi>978-0-87586-632-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Margaret+Thatcher%3A+A+Portrait+of+the+Iron+Lady&rft.pub=Algora&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-87586-632-1&rft.aulast=Blundell&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmargaretthatcher0000blun&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlundell2013" class="citation book cs1">Blundell, John, ed. (2013). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4MYn9j-gftAC"><i>Remembering Margaret Thatcher: Commemorations, Tributes and Assessments</i></a></span>. Algora. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-62894-017-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-62894-017-6"><bdi>978-1-62894-017-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Remembering+Margaret+Thatcher%3A+Commemorations%2C+Tributes+and+Assessments&rft.pub=Algora&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-62894-017-6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4MYn9j-gftAC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCampbell2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Campbell_(biographer)" title="John Campbell (biographer)">Campbell, John</a> (2000). <i>Margaret Thatcher: The Grocer's Daughter</i>. Vol. 1. Pimlico. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7126-7418-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7126-7418-8"><bdi>978-0-7126-7418-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Margaret+Thatcher%3A+The+Grocer%27s+Daughter&rft.pub=Pimlico&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-7126-7418-8&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCannadine2017" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Cannadine" title="David Cannadine">Cannadine, David</a> (2017). "Thatcher [<i>née</i> Roberts], Margaret Hilda, Baroness Thatcher (1925–2013), prime minister". <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i> (online ed.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F106415">10.1093/ref:odnb/106415</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Thatcher+%5Bn%C3%A9e+Roberts%5D%2C+Margaret+Hilda%2C+Baroness+Thatcher+%281925%E2%80%932013%29%2C+prime+minister&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F106415&rft.aulast=Cannadine&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCollins2009" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Collins, Christopher (2009). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-90063/version/1">"Thatcher, Sir Denis, first baronet (1915–2003), businessman and prime ministerial consort"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i> (online ed.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F90063">10.1093/ref:odnb/90063</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Thatcher%2C+Sir+Denis%2C+first+baronet+%281915%E2%80%932003%29%2C+businessman+and+prime+ministerial+consort&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F90063&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxforddnb.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F9780198614128.001.0001%2Fodnb-9780198614128-e-90063%2Fversion%2F1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCosgrave1978" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Cosgrave" title="Patrick Cosgrave">Cosgrave, Patrick</a> (1978). <i>Margaret Thatcher: A Tory and Her Party</i>. Hutchinson. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-09-131380-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-09-131380-7"><bdi>978-0-09-131380-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1057923247">1057923247</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Margaret+Thatcher%3A+A+Tory+and+Her+Party&rft.pub=Hutchinson&rft.date=1978&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1057923247&rft.isbn=978-0-09-131380-7&rft.aulast=Cosgrave&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDebrett's2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Debrett%27s" title="Debrett's">Debrett's</a> (2000). <i>Debrett's Peerage & Baronetage</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Debrett%27s+Peerage+%26+Baronetage&rft.date=2000&rft.au=Debrett%27s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarris2013" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robin_Harris_(author)" title="Robin Harris (author)">Harris, Robin</a> (2013). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=boeSY977ywsC"><i>Not for Turning: The Life of Margaret Thatcher</i></a></span>. Transworld Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4481-2738-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4481-2738-2"><bdi>978-1-4481-2738-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Not+for+Turning%3A+The+Life+of+Margaret+Thatcher&rft.pub=Transworld+Publishers&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-4481-2738-2&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=Robin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DboeSY977ywsC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHodgkinson1988" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Liz_Hodgkinson" title="Liz Hodgkinson">Hodgkinson, Liz</a> (1988). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CA3aAAAAMAAJ"><i>Unholy Matrimony: The Case for Abolishing Marriage</i></a></span>. Columbus. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-86287-421-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-86287-421-6"><bdi>978-0-86287-421-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Unholy+Matrimony%3A+The+Case+for+Abolishing+Marriage&rft.pub=Columbus&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-0-86287-421-6&rft.aulast=Hodgkinson&rft.aufirst=Liz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCA3aAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoore2019" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Moore,_Baron_Moore_of_Etchingham" title="Charles Moore, Baron Moore of Etchingham">Moore, Charles</a> (2019). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0dKXDwAAQBAJ"><i>Margaret Thatcher: Herself Alone</i></a></span>. Vol. 3. Penguin Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-241-32475-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-241-32475-2"><bdi>978-0-241-32475-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Margaret+Thatcher%3A+Herself+Alone&rft.pub=Penguin+Books&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-0-241-32475-2&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0dKXDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRamsden1996" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Ramsden_(historian)" title="John Ramsden (historian)">Ramsden, John</a> (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bXqKAAAAMAAJ"><i>The Winds of Change: Macmillan to Heath, 1957–1975</i></a>. Longman. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-582-27570-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-582-27570-6"><bdi>978-0-582-27570-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Winds+of+Change%3A+Macmillan+to+Heath%2C+1957%E2%80%931975&rft.pub=Longman&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-582-27570-6&rft.aulast=Ramsden&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbXqKAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScott-Smith2003" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Giles_Scott-Smith" title="Giles Scott-Smith">Scott-Smith, Giles</a> (2003). "<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Her Rather Ambitious Washington Program': Margaret Thatcher's International Visitor Program Visit to the United States in 1967". <i>British Contemporary History</i>. <b>17</b> (4): <span class="nowrap">65–</span>86. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F13619460308565458">10.1080/13619460308565458</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1743-7997">1743-7997</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:143466586">143466586</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=British+Contemporary+History&rft.atitle=%27Her+Rather+Ambitious+Washington+Program%27%3A+Margaret+Thatcher%27s+International+Visitor+Program+Visit+to+the+United+States+in+1967&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E65-%3C%2Fspan%3E86&rft.date=2003&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A143466586%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1743-7997&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F13619460308565458&rft.aulast=Scott-Smith&rft.aufirst=Giles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThatcher1996" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Carol_Thatcher" title="Carol Thatcher">Thatcher, Carol</a> (1996). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/belowparapetbiog00that"><i>Below the Parapet: The Biography of Denis Thatcher</i></a></span>. HarperCollins. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-00-255605-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-00-255605-7"><bdi>978-0-00-255605-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Below+the+Parapet%3A+The+Biography+of+Denis+Thatcher&rft.pub=HarperCollins&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-00-255605-7&rft.aulast=Thatcher&rft.aufirst=Carol&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbelowparapetbiog00that&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThatcher1995" class="citation book cs1">Thatcher, Margaret (1995). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/pathtopower00that"><i>The Path to Power</i></a></span>. New York: HarperCollins. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-06-017270-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-06-017270-1"><bdi>978-0-06-017270-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Path+to+Power&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=HarperCollins&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-06-017270-1&rft.aulast=Thatcher&rft.aufirst=Margaret&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpathtopower00that&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADenis+Thatcher" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Denis_Thatcher&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media 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title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20170307123551/http://farm5.staticflickr.com/4138/4804918960_1b4201ce2c_z.jpg">Grave on the turf of the Margaret Thatcher Infirmary (image/jpeg)</a> at the Wayback Machine (archived 2017-03-07)</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_extant_baronetcies" title="List of extant baronetcies">Baronetage of the United Kingdom</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>New creation</b> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Thatcher_baronets" title="Thatcher baronets">Baronet</a><br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">(of Scotney)</span> </b><br 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href="/wiki/Spouse_of_the_prime_minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Spouse of the prime minister of the United Kingdom">Spouses of British prime ministers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain" title="Kingdom of Great Britain">Great Britain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Walpole" title="Catherine Walpole">Catherine Walpole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria,_Lady_Walpole" title="Maria, Lady Walpole">Maria Walpole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Catherine_Pelham" title="Lady Catherine Pelham">Catherine Pelham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harriet_Pelham-Holles,_Duchess_of_Newcastle" title="Harriet Pelham-Holles, Duchess of Newcastle">Harriet Pelham-Holles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Stuart,_Countess_of_Bute" title="Mary Stuart, Countess of Bute">Mary Stuart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Grenville" title="Elizabeth Grenville">Elizabeth Grenville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Watson-Wentworth,_Marchioness_of_Rockingham" title="Mary Watson-Wentworth, Marchioness of Rockingham">Mary Watson-Wentworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hester_Pitt,_Countess_of_Chatham" title="Hester Pitt, Countess of Chatham">Hester Pitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_FitzPatrick,_Countess_of_Upper_Ossory" title="Anne FitzPatrick, Countess of Upper Ossory">Anne FitzRoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_FitzRoy,_Duchess_of_Grafton" title="Elizabeth FitzRoy, Duchess of Grafton">Elizabeth FitzRoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_North,_Countess_of_Guilford" title="Anne North, Countess of Guilford">Anne North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisa_Petty,_Marchioness_of_Lansdowne" title="Louisa Petty, Marchioness of Lansdowne">Louisa Petty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Bentinck,_Duchess_of_Portland" title="Dorothy Bentinck, Duchess of Portland">Dorothy Bentinck</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ursula_Addington" title="Ursula Addington">Ursula Addington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Grenville,_Baroness_Grenville" title="Anne Grenville, Baroness Grenville">Anne Grenville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Perceval" title="Jane Perceval">Jane Perceval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisa_Jenkinson,_Countess_of_Liverpool" title="Louisa Jenkinson, Countess of Liverpool">Louisa Jenkinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Jenkinson,_Countess_of_Liverpool" title="Mary Jenkinson, Countess of Liverpool">Mary Jenkinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Canning,_1st_Viscountess_Canning" title="Joan Canning, 1st Viscountess Canning">Joan Canning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Robinson,_Countess_of_Ripon" title="Sarah Robinson, Countess of Ripon">Sarah Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Wellesley,_Duchess_of_Wellington" title="Catherine Wellesley, Duchess of Wellington">Catherine Wellesley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Grey,_Countess_Grey" title="Mary Grey, Countess Grey">Mary Grey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Peel" title="Julia Peel">Julia Peel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Russell,_Countess_Russell" title="Frances Russell, Countess Russell">Frances Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Caroline_Smith-Stanley,_Countess_of_Derby" title="Emma Caroline Smith-Stanley, Countess of Derby">Emma Smith-Stanley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Temple,_Viscountess_Palmerston" title="Emily Temple, Viscountess Palmerston">Emily Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Anne_Disraeli" title="Mary Anne Disraeli">Mary Anne Disraeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Gladstone" title="Catherine Gladstone">Catherine Gladstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgina_Gascoyne-Cecil,_Marchioness_of_Salisbury" title="Georgina Gascoyne-Cecil, Marchioness of Salisbury">Georgina Gascoyne-Cecil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Campbell-Bannerman" title="Charlotte Campbell-Bannerman">Charlotte Campbell-Bannerman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margot_Asquith" title="Margot Asquith">Margot Asquith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Lloyd_George" title="Margaret Lloyd George">Margaret Lloyd George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucy_Baldwin" title="Lucy Baldwin">Lucy Baldwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Chamberlain" title="Anne Chamberlain">Anne Chamberlain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clementine_Churchill" title="Clementine Churchill">Clementine Churchill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Violet_Attlee" title="Violet Attlee">Violet Attlee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarissa_Eden" title="Clarissa Eden">Clarissa Eden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Dorothy_Macmillan" title="Lady Dorothy Macmillan">Dorothy Macmillan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Douglas-Home" title="Elizabeth Douglas-Home">Elizabeth Douglas-Home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Wilson,_Lady_Wilson_of_Rievaulx" title="Mary Wilson, Lady Wilson of Rievaulx">Mary Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audrey_Callaghan" title="Audrey Callaghan">Audrey Callaghan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Denis Thatcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norma_Major" title="Norma Major">Norma Major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherie_Blair" title="Cherie Blair">Cherie Blair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Jane_Brown" title="Sarah Jane Brown">Sarah Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samantha_Cameron" title="Samantha Cameron">Samantha Cameron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_May" title="Philip May">Philip May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marina_Wheeler" title="Marina Wheeler">Marina Wheeler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrie_Johnson" title="Carrie Johnson">Carrie Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_O%27Leary" title="Hugh O'Leary">Hugh O'Leary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akshata_Murty" title="Akshata Murty">Akshata Murty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Starmer" title="Victoria Starmer">Victoria Starmer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Spouses_of_prime_ministers_of_Great_Britain" title="Category:Spouses of prime ministers of Great Britain">Category:GBR</a></li> <li><span 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aria-labelledby="Margaret_Thatcher908" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Margaret_Thatcher" title="Template:Margaret Thatcher"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Margaret_Thatcher" title="Template talk:Margaret Thatcher"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Margaret_Thatcher" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Margaret Thatcher"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Margaret_Thatcher908" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime Minister of the United Kingdom</a> (1979–1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Leader of the Conservative Party (UK)">Leader of the Conservative Party</a> (1975–1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">MP for <a href="/wiki/Finchley_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Finchley (UK Parliament constituency)">Finchley</a> (1959–1992)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Member of Parliament</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Public_Bodies_(Admission_to_Meetings)_Act_1960" title="Public Bodies (Admission to Meetings) Act 1960">Public Bodies (Admission to Meetings) Act (1960)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circular_10/70" title="Circular 10/70">Circular 10/70</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Cabinet_of_Margaret_Thatcher" title="Shadow Cabinet of Margaret Thatcher">Shadow Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Britain_Awake" title="Britain Awake">"Britain Awake" (1976)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_vote_of_no_confidence_in_the_Callaghan_ministry" title="1979 vote of no confidence in the Callaghan ministry">Vote of no confidence in the Callaghan ministry (1979)</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Margaret_Thatcher_(1983).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Margaret_Thatcher_%281983%29.jpg/85px-Margaret_Thatcher_%281983%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Margaret_Thatcher_%281983%29.jpg/128px-Margaret_Thatcher_%281983%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Margaret_Thatcher_%281983%29.jpg/170px-Margaret_Thatcher_%281983%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2444" data-file-height="3259" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ideology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thatcherism" title="Thatcherism">Thatcherism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservatism" title="Conservatism">Conservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_market" title="Free market">Free market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_democracy" title="Union democracy">Union democracy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Premiership_of_Margaret_Thatcher" title="Premiership of Margaret Thatcher">Premiership</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ministers_under_Margaret_Thatcher" title="List of ministers under Margaret Thatcher">Ministers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wets_and_dries" title="Wets and dries">wets and dries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cold_War_(1979%E2%80%931985)" title="Cold War (1979–1985)">1st term</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_War_(1985%E2%80%931991)" title="Cold War (1985–1991)">2nd–3rd term</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/First_Thatcher_ministry" title="First Thatcher ministry">1st ministry<br />(1979–1983)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/June_1979_United_Kingdom_budget" title="June 1979 United Kingdom budget">Budget (1979)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_Kingdom_budget" title="1980 United Kingdom budget">Budget (1980)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_lady%27s_not_for_turning" title="The lady's not for turning">"The lady's not for turning" (1980)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_United_Kingdom_budget" title="1981 United Kingdom budget">Budget (1981)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gang_of_25" title="Gang of 25">Gang of 25</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_Irish_hunger_strike" title="1981 Irish hunger strike">Irish hunger strike (1981)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_United_Kingdom_budget" title="1982 United Kingdom budget">Budget (1982)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falklands_War" title="Falklands War">Falklands War</a> (1982) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rejoice_(Margaret_Thatcher)" title="Rejoice (Margaret Thatcher)">"Rejoice"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinking_of_the_ARA_General_Belgrano" title="Sinking of the ARA General Belgrano">sinking of the ARA <i>General Belgrano</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diana_Gould%E2%80%93Margaret_Thatcher_exchange" title="Diana Gould–Margaret Thatcher exchange">Diana Gould exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_flags_over_Port_Stanley" title="White flags over Port Stanley">"White flags over Port Stanley"</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_United_Kingdom_budget" title="1983 United Kingdom budget">Budget (1983)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Second_Thatcher_ministry" title="Second Thatcher ministry">2nd ministry<br />(1983–1987)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1984_United_Kingdom_budget" title="1984 United Kingdom budget">Budget (1984)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brighton_hotel_bombing" title="Brighton hotel bombing">Brighton hotel bombing</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/GCHQ_trade_union_ban" title="GCHQ trade union ban">GCHQ trade union ban</a> (1984) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Civil_Service_Unions_v_Minister_for_the_Civil_Service" title="Council of Civil Service Unions v Minister for the Civil Service">CCSU case</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984%E2%80%931985_United_Kingdom_miners%27_strike" title="1984–1985 United Kingdom miners' strike">Miners' strike (1984–85)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_United_Kingdom_budget" title="1985 United Kingdom budget">Budget (1985)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Irish_Agreement" title="Anglo-Irish Agreement">Anglo-Irish Agreement</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_Government_Act_1985" title="Local Government Act 1985">Local Government Act (1985)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rate-capping_rebellion" title="Rate-capping rebellion">rate-capping rebellion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westland_affair" title="Westland affair">Westland affair</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_United_Kingdom_budget" title="1986 United Kingdom budget">Budget (1986)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_United_Kingdom_budget" title="1987 United Kingdom budget">Budget (1987)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Third_Thatcher_ministry" title="Third Thatcher ministry">3rd ministry<br />(1987–1990)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1988_United_Kingdom_budget" title="1988 United Kingdom budget">Budget (1988)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988%E2%80%931994_British_broadcasting_voice_restrictions" title="1988–1994 British broadcasting voice restrictions">Broadcasting restrictions (1988)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sermon_on_the_Mound" title="Sermon on the Mound">"Sermon on the Mound" (1988)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruges_speech" title="Bruges speech">Bruges speech</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_United_Kingdom_budget" title="1989 United Kingdom budget">Budget (1989)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poll_tax_(Great_Britain)" title="Poll tax (Great Britain)">Community Charge (1989–90)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Poll_tax_riots" title="Poll tax riots">Poll tax riots</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_United_Kingdom_budget" title="1990 United Kingdom budget">Budget (1990)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_War" title="Gulf War">Gulf War</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/No._No._No._(Margaret_Thatcher)" title="No. No. No. (Margaret Thatcher)">"No. No. No." (1990)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Prime_Minister%27s_Resignation_Honours" title="1990 Prime Minister's Resignation Honours">Resignation Honours (1990)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Margaret_Thatcher#Conservative_Party_leadership_elections" title="Electoral history of Margaret Thatcher">Party elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1975_Conservative_Party_leadership_election" title="1975 Conservative Party leadership election">1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_Conservative_Party_leadership_election" title="1989 Conservative Party leadership election">1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Conservative_Party_leadership_election" title="1990 Conservative Party leadership election">1990</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Margaret_Thatcher#United_Kingdom_general_elections" title="Electoral history of Margaret Thatcher">General elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1979_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1979 United Kingdom general election">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1983 United Kingdom general election">1983</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1987 United Kingdom general election">1987</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Margaret_Thatcher" title="Bibliography of Margaret Thatcher">Books</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Downing_Street_Years" title="The Downing Street Years">The Downing Street Years</a></i> (1993 autobiography)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Path_to_Power_(Thatcher_book)" title="The Path to Power (Thatcher book)">The Path to Power</a></i> (1995 memoir)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Statecraft:_Strategies_for_a_Changing_World" title="Statecraft: Strategies for a Changing World">Statecraft: Strategies for a Changing World</a></i> (2003)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Denis Thatcher</a> (husband) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thatcher_baronets" title="Thatcher baronets">baronetcy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Thatcher" title="Mark Thatcher">Mark Thatcher</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carol_Thatcher" title="Carol Thatcher">Carol Thatcher</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Roberts" title="Alfred Roberts">Alfred Roberts</a> (father)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/We_have_become_a_grandmother" title="We have become a grandmother">We have become a grandmother</a>" (1989)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cultural_depictions_of_Margaret_Thatcher" title="Cultural depictions of Margaret Thatcher">Cultural depictions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Film and<br />television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Anyone_for_Denis%3F_(video)" title="Anyone for Denis? (video)">Anyone for Denis?</a></i> (1982 TV play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Spitting_Image" title="Spitting Image">Spitting Image</a></i> (1984–1996 & 2020 TV series)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Statesman_(1987_TV_series)" title="The New Statesman (1987 TV series)">The New Statesman</a></i> (1987–1991 TV series)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thatcher:_The_Final_Days" title="Thatcher: The Final Days">Thatcher: The Final Days</a></i> (1991 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Falklands_Play" title="The Falklands Play">The Falklands Play</a></i> (2002 play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Archer:_The_Truth" title="Jeffrey Archer: The Truth">Jeffrey Archer: The Truth</a></i> (2002 TV film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Alan_Clark_Diaries" title="The Alan Clark Diaries">The Alan Clark Diaries</a></i> (2004 TV series)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pinochet_in_Suburbia" title="Pinochet in Suburbia">Pinochet in Suburbia</a></i> (2006 docudrama)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Long_Walk_to_Finchley" title="The Long Walk to Finchley">The Long Walk to Finchley</a></i> (2008 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Margaret_(2009_film)" title="Margaret (2009 film)">Margaret</a></i> (2009 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Queen_(British_TV_serial)" title="The Queen (British TV serial)">The Queen</a></i> (2009 TV serial)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Iron_Lady_(film)" title="The Iron Lady (film)">The Iron Lady</a></i> (2011 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Hunt_for_Tony_Blair" title="The Hunt for Tony Blair">The Hunt for Tony Blair</a></i> (2011 episode)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/In_Search_of_La_Che" title="In Search of La Che">In Search of La Che</a></i> (2011 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Crown_season_4" title="The Crown season 4">The Crown</a></i> (2020 TV series)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Reagan_(2024_film)" title="Reagan (2024 film)">Reagan</a></i> (2024 film)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Plays</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Handbagged" title="Handbagged">Handbagged</a></i> (2010, 2013)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Audience_(2013_play)" title="The Audience (2013 play)">The Audience</a></i> (2013)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Statues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Margaret_Thatcher_(London_Guildhall)" title="Statue of Margaret Thatcher (London Guildhall)">London Guildhall (1998)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Margaret_Thatcher_(Palace_of_Westminster)" title="Statue of Margaret Thatcher (Palace of Westminster)">Palace of Westminster (2007)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Margaret_Thatcher_(Grantham)" title="Statue of Margaret Thatcher (Grantham)">Grantham (2022)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Paintings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Margaret_Thatcher" title="Portrait of Margaret Thatcher">Richard Stone portrait</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blatcherism" title="Blatcherism">Blatcherism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_and_funeral_of_Margaret_Thatcher" title="Death and funeral of Margaret Thatcher">Death and funeral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_honours_of_Margaret_Thatcher" class="mw-redirect" title="List of honours of Margaret Thatcher">Honours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thatchergate" title="Thatchergate">Thatchergate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li>← <b><a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">James Callaghan</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/John_Major" title="John Major">John Major</a></b> →</li></ul> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Margaret_Thatcher" title="Category:Margaret Thatcher">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/19px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/37px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/42px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_Kingdom" title="Portal:United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/21px-Flag_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/32px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, 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title="Portal:Business">Business</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46172#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1101" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46172#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1101" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46172#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000055571290">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/38392262">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1718340/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJyt4JdvT9FbvK3cFXrKBP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/137651414">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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