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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">U.S. law providing for WWII conscription</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title" style="padding-bottom:0.25em">Selective Service Act of 1940</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_Seal_of_the_United_States_(obverse).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Great Seal of the United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Great_Seal_of_the_United_States_%28obverse%29.svg/140px-Great_Seal_of_the_United_States_%28obverse%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Great_Seal_of_the_United_States_%28obverse%29.svg/210px-Great_Seal_of_the_United_States_%28obverse%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Great_Seal_of_the_United_States_%28obverse%29.svg/280px-Great_Seal_of_the_United_States_%28obverse%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.245em;line-height:1.15em;padding-right:0.65em">Other short titles</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;line-height:1.3em"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Burke-Wadsworth Selective Training and Service Act</li><li>Selective Service Act of 1940</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.245em;line-height:1.15em;padding-right:0.65em">Long title</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;line-height:1.3em">An Act to provide for the common defense by increasing the personnel of the armed forces of the United States and providing for its training.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.245em;line-height:1.15em;padding-right:0.65em">Nicknames</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;line-height:1.3em">Burke–Wadsworth Act</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.245em;line-height:1.15em;padding-right:0.65em">Enacted by</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;line-height:1.3em">the <a href="/wiki/76th_United_States_Congress" title="76th United States Congress">76th United States Congress</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.245em;line-height:1.15em;padding-right:0.65em">Effective</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;line-height:1.3em">September 16, 1940 Armand</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#bbddff">Citations</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.245em;line-height:1.15em;padding-right:0.65em">Public law</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;line-height:1.3em">76-783</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.245em;line-height:1.15em;padding-right:0.65em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Statutes_at_Large" title="United States Statutes at Large"><span class="wrap">Statutes at Large</span></a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;line-height:1.3em">54 <a href="/wiki/United_States_Statutes_at_Large" title="United States Statutes at Large">Stat.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://legislink.org/us/stat-54-885">885</a>, Chapter 720</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#bbddff">Codification</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.245em;line-height:1.15em;padding-right:0.65em">Titles amended</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;line-height:1.3em"><a href="/wiki/Title_50_of_the_United_States_Code" title="Title 50 of the United States Code">50 U.S.C.: War and National Defense</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-top:0.245em;line-height:1.15em;padding-right:0.65em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Code" title="United States Code">U.S.C.</a> sections created</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;line-height:1.3em">50 U.S.C. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode50a/usc_sup_05_50.html">Appendix</a> § 301 et seq.</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#bbddff">Legislative history</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:left;line-height:1.3em"><div><ul style="line-height:1.3em;text-align:left"><li><b>Introduced</b> in the Senate as S. 4164 by <a href="/wiki/Edward_R._Burke" title="Edward R. Burke">Edward R. Burke</a> (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</a>–<a href="/wiki/Nebraska" title="Nebraska">NE</a>), <a href="/wiki/James_Wolcott_Wadsworth_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="James Wolcott Wadsworth Jr.">James W. Wadsworth Jr.</a> (<a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">R</a>–<a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">NY</a>)</li><li><b>Passed the Senate</b> on August 28, 1940 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/76-3/s242">58–31</a>)</li><li><b>Passed the House</b> on September 7, 1940 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/76-3/h213">263–149</a>, in lieu of H.R. 10132)</li><li><b>Reported by the joint conference committee</b> on September 14, 1940; <b>agreed to by the House</b> on September 14, 1940 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/76-3/h216">233–124</a>) and by the <b>Senate</b> on September 14, 1940 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govtrack.us/congress/votes/76-3/s251">47–25</a>)</li><li><b>Signed into law</b> by President <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> on September 16, 1940</li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SelectiveServiceActRoosevelt.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/SelectiveServiceActRoosevelt.jpg/220px-SelectiveServiceActRoosevelt.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/SelectiveServiceActRoosevelt.jpg/330px-SelectiveServiceActRoosevelt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/SelectiveServiceActRoosevelt.jpg/440px-SelectiveServiceActRoosevelt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="659" data-file-height="439" /></a><figcaption>President <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> signs the Selective Training and Service Act.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Selective Training and Service Act of 1940</b>, also known as the <b>Burke–Wadsworth Act</b>, <a href="/wiki/Act_of_Congress#Public_law,_private_law,_designation" title="Act of Congress"><abbr title="Public Law">Pub. L.</abbr></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://uslaw.link/citation/us-law/public/76/783">76–783</a>, 54 <a href="/wiki/United_States_Statutes_at_Large" title="United States Statutes at Large">Stat.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://legislink.org/us/stat-54-885">885</a>, enacted <span data-sort-value="000000001940-09-16-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">September 16, 1940</span>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was the first peacetime <a href="/wiki/Conscription_in_the_United_States" title="Conscription in the United States">conscription in United States</a> history. This Selective Service Act required that men who had reached their 21st birthday but had not yet reached their 36th birthday register with local draft boards. Later, when the U.S. entered <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, all men from their 18th birthday until the day before their 45th birthday were made subject to military service, and all men from their 18th birthday until the day before their 65th birthday were required to register.<sup id="cite_ref-factmonster_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-factmonster-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Effects_of_the_Act">Effects of the Act</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Selective_Training_and_Service_Act_of_1940&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Effects of the Act"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Parameters">Parameters</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Selective_Training_and_Service_Act_of_1940&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Parameters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first peacetime <a href="/wiki/Conscription_in_the_United_States" title="Conscription in the United States">conscription in the United States</a>, the act required all American men between the ages of 21 and 35 to register and be placed in order for call to military service determined by a national lottery. If drafted, a man served on active duty for 12 months, and then in a reserve component for 10 years, until he reached the age of 45, or was discharged, whichever came first. Inductees had to remain in the <a href="/wiki/Western_Hemisphere" title="Western Hemisphere">Western Hemisphere</a> or in United States possessions or territories located in other parts of the world. The act provided that except in time of war, not more than 900,000 men were to be in training at any one time. </p><p><b>Section 5 (g)</b> of the Act contained a provision for <a href="/wiki/Conscientious_objection" class="mw-redirect" title="Conscientious objection">conscientious objection</a>:<sup id="cite_ref-sec5_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sec5-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote><p>Nothing contained in this Act shall be constructed to require any person to be subject to combatant training and service in the land and naval forces of the United States who, by reason of religious training and belief, is conscientiously opposed to participation in war in any form.</p> <p>Any such person claiming such exemption from combatant training and service because of such conscientious objections whose claim is sustained by the local draft board shall, if he is inducted into the land or naval forces under this Act, be assigned to noncombatant service as defined by the President, or shall if he is found to be conscientiously opposed to participation in such noncombatant service, in lieu of such induction, be assigned to work of national importance under civilian direction.</p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="World_War_II_draft">World War II draft</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Selective_Training_and_Service_Act_of_1940&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: World War II draft"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The draft began in October 1940, with the first men entering military service on November 18. By the early summer of 1941, President <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> asked the U.S. Congress to extend the term of duty for the draftees beyond twelve months to a total of thirty months, plus any additional time that he might deem necessary for national security. On August 12, the United States House of Representatives approved the extension by a single vote;<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Roosevelt's former <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_War" title="United States Secretary of War">Secretary of War</a> <a href="/wiki/Harry_Woodring" class="mw-redirect" title="Harry Woodring">Harry Woodring</a> was among those opposed, writing to Senator <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Vandenberg" title="Arthur Vandenberg">Arthur Vandenberg</a> that voluntary enlistment had not been fully tried.<sup id="cite_ref-spt19400803_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spt19400803-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As <a href="/wiki/United_States_Under_Secretary_of_the_Army" title="United States Under Secretary of the Army">Under Secretary of the Army</a> <a href="/wiki/Karl_Bendetsen" title="Karl Bendetsen">Karl R. Bendetsen</a> said in an oral history interview, "<a href="/wiki/Sam_Rayburn" title="Sam Rayburn">Mr. Rayburn</a> banged the gavel at a critical moment and declared the Bill had passed."<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Senate approved it by a wider margin, and Roosevelt signed the Service Extension Act of 1941 into law on August 18. </p><p>Some of the soldiers drafted in October 1940 talked about desertion once their original twelve-month obligation ended. Some painted the letters "O H I O" on the walls of their barracks in protest. These letters were an acronym for "Over the hill in October". In August 1941 the Congress extended the tour of duty--it passed the House by a one-vote margin--and O H I O collapsed.<sup id="cite_ref-Persico_2012_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Persico_2012-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the Japanese <a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Pearl_Harbor" title="Attack on Pearl Harbor">attack on Pearl Harbor</a>, on December 7, 1941, millions of American men entered the United States military's ranks both by volunteering and by conscription. </p><p>Congress declared war in December, and amendments to the Selective Training and Service Act on December 20, 1941, made all men between the ages of 20 and 44 liable for military service, and required all men between the ages of 18 and 64 to register. The terminal point of service was extended to the duration of the conflict plus six months. Another amendment, signed on November 13, 1942, made the registered 18- and 19-year-olds liable for military service. From October 1940 until March 1947, when the wartime Selective Training and Service Act expired after extensions by Congress, over 10,000,000 men were inducted. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Draft_classifications">Draft classifications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Selective_Training_and_Service_Act_of_1940&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Draft classifications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Class_I:_Available_for_military_service">Class I: Available for military service</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Selective_Training_and_Service_Act_of_1940&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Class I: Available for military service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:8%;">Class </th> <th>Description </th> <th>Date established </th> <th>Date abolished </th></tr> <tr> <th>I-A </th> <td>Nominally available for military service. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001940-10-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 4, 1940</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001947-03-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Mar 31, 1947</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>I-A (B) </th> <td>Nominally available for limited military service, but below standards for general military service. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001945-05-26-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 26, 1945</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001946-11-27-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Nov 27, 1946</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>I-A (H) </th> <td>Nominally available for military service, age 38 to 44 inclusive. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001943-03-06-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Mar 6, 1943</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001944-10-05-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 5, 1944</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>I-A (L) </th> <td>Nominally available for limited military service. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001943-07-15-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Jul 15, 1943</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001944-10-05-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 5, 1944</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>I-A, Remediable </th> <td>Nominally available for military service after correction of defects. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001942-02-26-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Feb 26, 1942</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001942-10-18-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 18, 1942</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>I-A-O </th> <td>Nominally available for noncombatant military service (<a href="/wiki/Conscientious_objector" title="Conscientious objector">conscientious objector</a>). </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001940-10-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 4, 1940</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001947-03-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Mar 31, 1947</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>I-A-O (B) </th> <td>Nominally available for limited military service, but below standards for general military service (conscientious objector and applicable to ages 18 to 25 only). </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001945-05-26-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 26, 1945</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001946-10-27-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 27, 1946</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>I-A-O (H) </th> <td>Nominally available for noncombatant military service, age 38 to 44 inclusive. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001943-03-06-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Mar 6, 1943</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001944-10-05-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 5, 1944</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>I-A-O (L) </th> <td>Nominally available for noncombatant limited military service (conscientious objector). </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001943-07-15-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Jul 15, 1943</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001944-10-05-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 5, 1944</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>I-A-O, Remediable </th> <td>Nominally available for noncombatant military service after correction of defects (conscientious objector). </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001942-02-26-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Feb 26, 1942</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001942-08-18-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Aug 18, 1942</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>I-B </th> <td>Nominally available for limited military service. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001940-10-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 4, 1940</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001942-08-18-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Aug 18, 1942</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>I-B, Remediable </th> <td>Nominally available for limited military service after correction of defects. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001940-10-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 4, 1940</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001942-08-18-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Aug 18, 1942</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>I-B-O </th> <td>Conscientious objector nominally available for limited noncombatant military service. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001940-10-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 4, 1940</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001942-08-18-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Aug 18, 1942</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>I-B-O, Remediable </th> <td>Nominally available for limited noncombatant military service after correction of defects. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001940-10-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 4, 1940</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001942-08-18-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Aug 18, 1942</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>I-C, Inducted </th> <td>Inducted member of armed forces. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001940-10-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 4, 1940</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001947-08-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Aug 31, 1947</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>I-C, Enlisted </th> <td>Enlisted member of armed forces. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001940-10-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 4, 1940</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001947-08-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Aug 31, 1947</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>I-C, Discharged </th> <td>Discharged (honorably) from the armed forces. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001944-10-05-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 5, 1944</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001947-08-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Aug 31, 1947</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>I-C Deceased </th> <td>Deceased while in Class I-C. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001944-04-21-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Apr 21, 1944</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001947-08-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Aug 31, 1947</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>I-C (H) </th> <td>Enlisted or inducted member of armed forces, age 38 to 44 inclusive. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001944-03-06-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Mar 6, 1944</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001947-08-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Aug 31, 1947</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>I-D </th> <td>Deferred student, nominally available for general military service and available not later than July 1, 1941. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001940-10-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 4, 1940</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001941-08-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Aug 31, 1941</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>I-D-O </th> <td>Deferred student, nominally available for general noncombatant military service. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001940-10-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 4, 1940</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001941-08-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Aug 31, 1941</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>I-E </th> <td>Deferred student, nominally available for limited military service and available not later than July 1, 1941. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001940-10-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 4, 1940</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001941-08-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Aug 31, 1941</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>I-E-O </th> <td>Deferred student, nominally available for limited noncombatant military service. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001940-10-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 4, 1940</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001941-08-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Aug 31, 1941</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>I-G </th> <td>Member of or honorably separated from armed forces of cobelligerent nation, later extended to include registrants separated from American Field Service or Merchant Marine and persons interned by an enemy nation. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001945-05-23-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 23, 1945</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001947-08-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Aug 31, 1947</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>I-H </th> <td>Deferred, aged 28 and over (men who had attained the 28th anniversary of the date of their birth on or before July 1, 1941, or on the 1st day of July of any subsequent year, and were therefore, not acceptable to the armed forces). </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001941-08-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Aug 31, 1941</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001942-11-18-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Nov 18, 1942</span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Class_II:_Deferred_because_of_occupation">Class II: Deferred because of occupation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Selective_Training_and_Service_Act_of_1940&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Class II: Deferred because of occupation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:8%;">Class </th> <th>Description </th> <th>Date established </th> <th>Date abolished </th></tr> <tr> <th>II-A </th> <td>Deferred in support of national health, safety, or interest (merged into Class II-B effective Aug 31 1945). </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001940-10-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 4, 1940</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001945-08-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Aug 31, 1945</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>II-A (F) </th> <td>II-A previously rejected for military service. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001944-04-21-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Apr 21, 1944</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001946-11-27-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Nov 27, 1946</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>II-A (H) </th> <td>Deferred in support of national health, safety, or interest, age 38 to 44 inclusive. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001943-03-06-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Mar 6, 1943</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001944-10-05-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 5, 1944</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>II-A (L) </th> <td>II-A previously found qualified for limited military service </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001944-04-21-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Apr 21, 1944</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001946-02-15-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Feb 15, 1946</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>II-B </th> <td>Deferred in war production. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001940-10-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 4, 1940</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001947-03-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Mar 31, 1947</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>II-B (F) </th> <td>II-B previously rejected for military service. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001944-04-21-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Apr 21, 1944</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001945-08-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Aug 31, 1945</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>II-B (H) </th> <td>Deferred in war production, age 38 to 44 inclusive. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001943-03-06-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Mar 6, 1943</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001944-10-05-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 5, 1944</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>II-B (L) </th> <td>II-B previously found qualified for limited military service. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001944-04-21-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Apr 21, 1944</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001945-08-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Aug 31, 1945</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>II-C </th> <td>Deferred in agriculture. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001942-11-18-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Nov 18, 1942</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001947-03-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Mar 31, 1947</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>II-C (F) </th> <td>II-C previously rejected for military service. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001944-04-21-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Apr 21, 1944</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001946-11-27-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Nov 27, 1946</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>II-C (H) </th> <td>Deferred in agriculture, age 38 to 44 inclusive. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001943-03-06-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Mar 6, 1943</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001944-10-05-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 5, 1944</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>II-C (L) </th> <td>II-C previously found qualified for limited military service. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001944-04-21-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Apr 21, 1944</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001946-02-15-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Feb 15, 1946</span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Class_III:_Deferred_because_of_dependency">Class III: Deferred because of dependency</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Selective_Training_and_Service_Act_of_1940&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Class III: Deferred because of dependency"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:8%;">Class </th> <th>Description </th> <th>Date established </th> <th>Date abolished </th></tr> <tr> <th>III-A </th> <td>Deferred for dependency reasons (re-established Nov 15 1945). </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001940-10-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 4, 1940</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001943-12-11-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Dec 11, 1943</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>III-A (H) </th> <td>Deferred for dependency reasons. age 38 to 44 inclusive. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001943-03-06-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Mar 6, 1943</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001943-12-11-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Dec 11, 1943</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>III-B </th> <td>Deferred both by reason of dependency and occupation essential to the war effort. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001942-04-23-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Apr 23, 1942</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001943-04-12-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Apr 12, 1943</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>III-B (H) </th> <td>Deferred both by reason of dependency and occupation essential to the war effort, age 38 to 44 inclusive. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001943-03-06-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Mar 6, 1943</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001943-04-12-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Apr 12, 1943</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>III-C </th> <td>Deferred both by reason of dependency and by agricultural occupation. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001942-11-18-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Nov 18, 1942</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001944-02-17-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Feb 17, 1944</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>III-C (H) </th> <td>Deferred both by reason of dependency and by agricultural occupation, age 38 to 44 inclusive. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001943-03-06-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Mar 6, 1943</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001944-10-05-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 5, 1944</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>III-D </th> <td>Deferred by reason of extreme hardship and privation to wife, child, or parent. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001943-04-12-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Apr 12, 1943</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001947-03-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Mar 31, 1947</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>III-D (H) </th> <td>Deferred by reason of extreme hardship and privation to wife, child, or parent, age 38 to 44 inclusive. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001943-04-12-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Apr 12, 1943</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001944-10-05-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 5, 1944</span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Class_IV:_Unacceptable_for_military_service">Class IV: Unacceptable for military service</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Selective_Training_and_Service_Act_of_1940&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Class IV: Unacceptable for military service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:8%;">Class </th> <th>Description </th> <th>Date established </th> <th>Date abolished </th></tr> <tr> <th>IV-A </th> <td>Man who had completed service. This classification was applicable in time of peace only, and on Dec 11 1941, local boards were ordered to reclassify all men in this class. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001940-10-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 4, 1940</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001942-11-08-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Nov 8, 1942</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>IV-A </th> <td>A reappearance of the old IV-A, this time for men deferred by reason of age. From Nov 18 1942 to Oct 5 1944, men 45 and older were classified in Class IV-A. From Jan 1 1943, men 38 to 44 years old were classified in Class IV-H. The latter class was eliminated on Mar 6 1943 with the introduction of the "(H)" identifier. On Oct 5 1944, the "(H)" identifier was eliminated, except for men already in the armed forces, and those men so classified were ordered reclassified into Class IV-A. On Jul 6 1945, the regulations governing Class IV-A were simplified to include all men 38 and older. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001942-11-18-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Nov 18, 1942</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001947-03-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Mar 31, 1947</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>IV-B </th> <td>Public official deferred by law. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001940-10-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 4, 1940</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001947-03-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Mar 31, 1947</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>IV-B (H) </th> <td>Public official deferred by law, age 38 to 44 inclusive, </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001943-03-06-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Mar 6, 1943</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001944-10-05-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 5, 1944</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>IV-C </th> <td>Any alien. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001940-10-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 4, 1940</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001941-12-24-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Dec 24, 1941</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>IV-C </th> <td>Reconstructed for enemy alien not acceptable to armed forces and certain neutral aliens. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001941-12-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Dec 4, 1941</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001947-03-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Mar 31, 1947</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>IV-C </th> <td>Any registrant, whether a national of the United States or an alien who because of his nationality or ancestry was within a class of persons not acceptable to armed forces or to Director of Selective Service for work of national importance. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001940-10-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 4, 1940</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001947-03-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Mar 31, 1947</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>IV-C (H) </th> <td>Any registrant, whether a national of the United States or an alien who because of his nationality or ancestry was within a class of persons not acceptable to armed forces or to Director of Selective Service for work of national importance, age 38 to 44 inclusive. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001943-03-06-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Mar 6, 1943</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001944-10-05-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 5, 1944</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>IV-D </th> <td>Minister of religion or divinity student. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001940-10-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 4, 1940</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001947-03-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Mar 31, 1947</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>IV-D (H) </th> <td>Minister of religion or divinity student, age 38 to 44 inclusive. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001943-03-06-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Mar 6, 1943</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001944-10-05-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 5, 1944</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>IV-E </th> <td>Conscientious objector, available for or assigned to civilian work of national importance. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001940-10-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 4, 1940</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001947-03-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Mar 31, 1947</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>IV-E (B) </th> <td>Conscientious objector, under 26 years of age, acceptable under lowered physical standards for work of national importance. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001945-05-26-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 26, 1945</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001946-11-27-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Nov 27, 1946</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>IV-E, Deceased </th> <td>Deceased while in Class IV-E. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001944-04-21-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Apr 21, 1944</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001947-03-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Mar 31, 1947</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>IV-E, Discharged </th> <td>Conscientious objector separated from work of national importance by issuance of a Certificate of Release. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001944-11-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Nov 4, 1944</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001947-03-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Mar 31, 1947</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>IV-E-H </th> <td>Conscientious objector, deferred by reason of being 28 and over. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001941-08-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Aug 31, 1941</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001942-11-19-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Nov 19, 1942</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>IV-E (H) </th> <td>Conscientious objector, available for or assigned to civilian work of national importance, age 38 to 44 inclusive. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001943-03-06-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Mar 6, 1943</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001944-10-05-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 5, 1944</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>IV-E (L) </th> <td>Conscientious objector qualified for limited service. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001944-07-06-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Jul 6, 1944</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001944-10-05-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 5, 1944</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>IV-E-LS </th> <td>Conscientious objector available for limited service in civilian work of national importance. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001941-08-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Aug 31, 1941</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001942-08-18-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Aug 18, 1942</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>IV-E-S </th> <td>Conscientious objector who would otherwise be in Class I-D or I-E. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001940-10-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 4, 1940</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001941-08-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Aug 31, 1941</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>IV-E, Separated </th> <td>Conscientious objector separated from work of national importance other than by issuance of a Certificate of Release. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001944-04-21-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Apr 21, 1944</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001947-03-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Mar 31, 1947</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>IV-F </th> <td>Rejected for military service, physical, mental, or moral reasons. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001940-10-04-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 4, 1940</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001947-03-31-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Mar 31, 1947</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>IV-F (H) </th> <td>Rejected for military service, physical, mental, or moral reasons, and age 38 to 44 inclusive. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001943-03-06-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Mar 6, 1943</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001944-10-05-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Oct 5, 1944</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>IV-H </th> <td>Deferred, age 38 to 44 inclusive. </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001943-01-01-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Jan 1, 1943</span> </td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001943-03-06-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">Mar 6, 1943</span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pardons">Pardons</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Selective_Training_and_Service_Act_of_1940&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Pardons"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1947, President <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a> gave a full pardon to 1,523 people convicted of violating the Act.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Selective_Training_and_Service_Act_of_1940&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_Selective_Service_Act" title="Military Selective Service Act">Military Selective Service Act</a> of 1948</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civilian_Public_Service" title="Civilian Public Service">Civilian Public Service</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Selective_Training_and_Service_Act_of_1940&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Note"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">232–124 in the House, with 186 Democrats and 46 Republicans in favor, 32 Democrats, 88 Republicans, and 4 others against. 47–25 in the Senate, with 40 Democrats and 7 Republicans in favor, 13 Democrats, 10 Republicans, and 2 others against. "Final Roll-Calls on Draft Bill", <i>The New York Times</i>, September 15, 1940</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-factmonster-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-factmonster_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite><i>United States v. Groupp</i></cite>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bulk.resource.org/courts.gov/c/F2/459/459.F2d.178.71-1351.html">459 F.2d 178</a>, at para 4 (<a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_First_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit">1st Cir.</a> 26 April 1972).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sec5-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sec5_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKeim1990" class="citation book cs1">Keim, Albert N. (1990). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cpsstoryillustra0000keim"><i>The CPS Story</i></a></span>. Good Books. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cpsstoryillustra0000keim/page/24">24</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56148-002-9" title="Special:BookSources/1-56148-002-9"><bdi>1-56148-002-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+CPS+Story&rft.pages=24&rft.pub=Good+Books&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=1-56148-002-9&rft.aulast=Keim&rft.aufirst=Albert+N.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcpsstoryillustra0000keim&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASelective+Training+and+Service+Act+of+1940" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">203–202, with 182 Democrats and 21 Republicans in favor, 65 Democrats, 133 Republicans, and four others against. "House Vote on Draft Bill", <i>The New York Times</i>, August 13, 1941</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-spt19400803-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-spt19400803_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Dk8wAAAAIBAJ&pg=2111%2C219431">"F.D.R. Favors Conscription But Woodring Is Opposed"</a>. <i>St. Petersburg Times</i>. 1940-08-03. p. 1<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-12-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=St.+Petersburg+Times&rft.atitle=F.D.R.+Favors+Conscription+But+Woodring+Is+Opposed&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1940-08-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DDk8wAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D2111%252C219431&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASelective+Training+and+Service+Act+of+1940" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.trumanlibrary.org/oralhist/bendet1.htm">Truman Library – Karl R. Bendetsen Oral History, October 24, 1972</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Persico_2012-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Persico_2012_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPersico2012" class="citation magazine cs1"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_E._Persico" title="Joseph E. Persico">Persico, Joseph E.</a> (Spring 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanheritage.com/day-when-we-almost-lost-army">"The Day When We Almost Lost the Army"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/American_Heritage_(magazine)" title="American Heritage (magazine)">American Heritage</a></i>. Vol. 62, no. 1<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Heritage&rft.atitle=The+Day+When+We+Almost+Lost+the+Army&rft.ssn=spring&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=1&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Persico&rft.aufirst=Joseph+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanheritage.com%2Fday-when-we-almost-lost-army&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASelective+Training+and+Service+Act+of+1940" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.archives.gov/federal-register/codification/proclamations/02762.html#:~:text=TRUMAN%2C%20President%20of%20the%20United,names%20are%20included%20the%20in">"Proclamation 2762--Granting pardon to certain persons convicted of violating the Selective Training and Service Act of 1940 as amended"</a>. <i>National Archives</i>. Office of the Federal Register (OFR). 15 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Archives&rft.atitle=Proclamation+2762--Granting+pardon+to+certain+persons+convicted+of+violating+the+Selective+Training+and+Service+Act+of+1940+as+amended&rft.date=2016-08-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.archives.gov%2Ffederal-register%2Fcodification%2Fproclamations%2F02762.html%23%3A~%3Atext%3DTRUMAN%252C%2520President%2520of%2520the%2520United%2Cnames%2520are%2520included%2520the%2520in&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASelective+Training+and+Service+Act+of+1940" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Selective_Training_and_Service_Act_of_1940&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External 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Roosevelt</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">32nd</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> (1933–1945)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_New_York" title="List of governors of New York">44th</a> <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_New_York" title="Governor of New York">Governor of New York</a> (1929–1932)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Navy" class="mw-redirect" title="Assistant Secretary of the Navy">Assistant Secretary of the Navy</a> (1913–1920)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_state_senators" title="List of New York state senators">New York State Senator</a> (1911–1913)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt">Presidency</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Franklin_D._Roosevelt_presidency" title="Timeline of the Franklin D. Roosevelt presidency">timeline</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Presidential transition of Franklin D. Roosevelt">Transition</a></li> <li>Inaugurations (<a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="First inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt">1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Second inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_inauguration_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Third inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_inauguration_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Fourth inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt">4th)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt,_first_and_second_terms" title="Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, first and second terms">First and second terms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt,_third_and_fourth_terms" title="Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, third and fourth terms">Third and fourth terms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_Franklin_D._Roosevelt_administration" title="Foreign policy of the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration">Foreign policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Deal" title="New Deal">New Deal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:New_Deal" title="Template:New Deal">overview</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Deal_coalition" title="New Deal coalition">New Deal coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_100_days_of_the_Franklin_D._Roosevelt_presidency" title="First 100 days of the Franklin D. Roosevelt presidency">First 100 days</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_New_Deal" title="Second New Deal">Second New Deal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Emergency_Relief_Administration" title="Federal Emergency Relief Administration">Federal Emergency Relief Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civilian_Conservation_Corps" title="Civilian Conservation Corps">Civilian Conservation Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agricultural_Adjustment_Act" title="Agricultural Adjustment Act">Agricultural Adjustment Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_Banking_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Emergency Banking Act">Emergency Banking Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal-Aid_Highway_Act_of_1944" title="Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1944">Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1944</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_and_Wildlife_Coordination_Act" title="Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act">Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Valley_Authority" title="Tennessee Valley Authority">Tennessee Valley Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Labor_Relations_Act_of_1935" title="National Labor Relations Act of 1935">National Labor Relations Act of 1935</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Industrial_Recovery_Act_of_1933" title="National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933">National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Public_Works_Administration" title="Public Works Administration">Public Works Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Recovery_Administration" title="National Recovery Administration">National Recovery Administration</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Works_Progress_Administration" title="Works Progress Administration">Works Progress Administration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Youth_Administration" title="National Youth Administration">National Youth Administration</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Security_Act" title="Social Security Act">Social Security Act</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aid_to_Families_with_Dependent_Children" title="Aid to Families with Dependent Children">Aid to Families with Dependent Children</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_Act_of_1934" title="Communications Act of 1934">Communications Act of 1934</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Communications_Commission" title="Federal Communications Commission">Federal Communications Commission</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Securities_and_Exchange_Commission" title="U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission">Securities and Exchange Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_6102" title="Executive Order 6102">Monetary gold ownership</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gold_Reserve_Act" title="Gold Reserve Act">Gold Reserve Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_6814" title="Executive Order 6814">Silver seizure</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt_and_civil_rights" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt and civil rights">Record on civil rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_8802" title="Executive Order 8802">Defense industry non-discrimination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fair_Employment_Practice_Committee" title="Fair Employment Practice Committee">Fair Employment Practice Committee</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Reorganization_Act" title="Indian Reorganization Act">Indian Reorganization Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_9066" title="Executive Order 9066">Executive Orders 9066,</a><a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_9102" title="Executive Order 9102"> 9102</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_Relocation_Authority" title="War Relocation Authority">War Relocation Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internment_of_Japanese_Americans" title="Internment of Japanese Americans">Japanese American internment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internment_of_German_Americans" title="Internment of German Americans">German-American internment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internment_of_Italian_Americans" title="Internment of Italian Americans">Italian-American internment</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brownlow_Committee" title="Brownlow Committee">Brownlow Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Office_of_the_President_of_the_United_States#History" title="Executive Office of the President of the United States">Executive Office of the President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.I._Bill" title="G.I. Bill">G.I. Bill of Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cullen%E2%80%93Harrison_Act" title="Cullen–Harrison Act">Cullen–Harrison Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roerich_Pact" title="Roerich Pact">Roerich Pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Freedoms" title="Four Freedoms">Four Freedoms</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Four_Freedoms_Monument" title="Four Freedoms Monument">Four Freedoms Monument</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Cabinet" title="Black Cabinet">Black Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson%27s_Birthday" title="Jefferson's Birthday">Jefferson's Birthday holiday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Memorial" title="Jefferson Memorial">Jefferson Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judicial_Procedures_Reform_Bill_of_1937" title="Judicial Procedures Reform Bill of 1937">Judicial Court-Packing Bill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_policy_of_the_Franklin_D._Roosevelt_administration" title="Cannabis policy of the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration">Cannabis policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="List of federal judges appointed by Franklin D. Roosevelt">Federal Judicial appointments</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt_Supreme_Court_candidates" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt Supreme Court candidates">Supreme Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harlan_F._Stone_Supreme_Court_nomination" class="mw-redirect" title="Harlan F. Stone Supreme Court nomination">Harlan F. Stone Supreme Court nomination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiley_Rutledge_Supreme_Court_nomination" title="Wiley Rutledge Supreme Court nomination">Wiley Rutledge Supreme Court nomination</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:FD_Roosevelt_cabinet" title="Template:FD Roosevelt cabinet">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brain_trust#Roosevelt's_"Brain_Trust"" title="Brain trust">"Brain Trust"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_of_Dimes" title="March of Dimes">March of Dimes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oval_Office#Modern_Oval_Office:_1934–present" title="Oval Office">Modern Oval Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunshine_Special_(automobile)" title="Sunshine Special (automobile)">Official car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Criticism of Franklin D. Roosevelt">Criticism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Franksgiving" title="Franksgiving">Franksgiving</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Franklin_Delano_Roosevelt/Executive_orders" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Author:Franklin Delano Roosevelt/Executive orders">Executive Orders</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Franklin_Delano_Roosevelt/Presidential_Proclamations" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Author:Franklin Delano Roosevelt/Presidential Proclamations">Presidential Proclamations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_Franklin_D._Roosevelt_administration" title="Foreign policy of the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration">Presidential<br />foreign policy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banana_Wars" title="Banana Wars">Banana Wars</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_occupation_of_Nicaragua" title="United States occupation of Nicaragua">U.S. occupation of Nicaragua, 1912–1933</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_occupation_of_Haiti" title="United States occupation of Haiti">U.S. occupation of Haiti, 1915–1934</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_Neighbor_policy" title="Good Neighbor policy">Good Neighbor Policy (1933–1945)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montevideo_Convention" title="Montevideo Convention">Montevideo Convention (1933)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_London_Naval_Treaty" title="Second London Naval Treaty">Second London Naval Treaty (1936)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ABCD_line" title="ABCD line">ABCD line (1940)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Export_Control_Act" title="Export Control Act">Export Control Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Policemen" title="Four Policemen">Four Policemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destroyers-for-bases_deal" title="Destroyers-for-bases deal">Destroyers-for-bases deal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lend-Lease" title="Lend-Lease">Lend-Lease</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1940 Selective Service Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hull_note" title="Hull note">Hull note</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Charter" title="Atlantic Charter">Atlantic Charter (1941)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_United_States_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of the United States during World War II">Military history of the United States during World War II</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Home_front_during_World_War_II" title="Home front during World War II">Home front during World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combined_Munitions_Assignments_Board" title="Combined Munitions Assignments Board">Combined Munitions Assignments Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_Production_Board" title="War Production Board">War Production Board</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_by_United_Nations" title="Declaration by United Nations">Declaration by United Nations (1942)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dumbarton_Oaks_Conference" title="Dumbarton Oaks Conference">Dumbarton Oaks Conference</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Allied_World_War_II_conferences" title="List of Allied World War II conferences">World War II conferences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quebec_Agreement" title="Quebec Agreement">Quebec Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europe_first" title="Europe first">Europe first</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgenthau_Plan#Roosevelt's_support_for_the_plan" title="Morgenthau Plan">Morgenthau Plan support</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presidential<br />speeches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1932_Democratic_National_Convention#Roosevelt's_acceptance_speech" title="1932 Democratic National Convention">1932 Acceptance speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Club_Address" title="Commonwealth Club Address">Commonwealth Club Address</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936_Madison_Square_Garden_speech" title="1936 Madison Square Garden speech">Madison Square Garden speech</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Four_Freedoms" title="Four Freedoms">Four Freedoms</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Day_of_Infamy_speech" title="Day of Infamy speech">Day of Infamy speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arsenal_of_Democracy" title="Arsenal of Democracy">Arsenal of Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt#Inaugural_address" title="First inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt">"...is fear itself"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fireside_chats" title="Fireside chats">Fireside chats</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Look_to_Norway" title="Look to Norway">Look to Norway</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quarantine_Speech" title="Quarantine Speech">Quarantine Speech</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_More_Abundant_Life" title="The More Abundant Life">The More Abundant Life</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1934_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1934 State of the Union Address">State of the Union Address (1934</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1938_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1938 State of the Union Address">1938</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1939_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1939 State of the Union Address">1939</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1940 State of the Union Address">1940</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Freedoms" title="Four Freedoms">1941 (Four Freedoms)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Bill_of_Rights" title="Second Bill of Rights">1944 (Second Bill of Rights)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1945_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1945 State of the Union Address">1945)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt#Early_life_and_marriage" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Early life, education, career</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warm_Springs_Historic_District" title="Warm Springs Historic District">Warm Springs Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governorship_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Governorship of Franklin D. Roosevelt">Governorship of New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Business_Plot" title="Business Plot">Business Plot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Zangara#Assassination_attempt" title="Giuseppe Zangara">Assassination attempt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Electoral history of Franklin D. Roosevelt">Elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1928_New_York_state_election" title="1928 New York state election">1928 New York state election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1930_New_York_state_election" title="1930 New York state election">1930</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1920_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1920 Democratic National Convention">Democratic National Convention, 1920</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1924_Democratic_National_Convention#Impact" title="1924 Democratic National Convention">1924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1932 Democratic National Convention">1932</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1936 Democratic National Convention">1936</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1940 Democratic National Convention">1940</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1944 Democratic National Convention">1944</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1920_United_States_presidential_election" title="1920 United States presidential election">1920 United States presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_United_States_presidential_election" title="1932 United States presidential election">1932</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Happy_Days_Are_Here_Again#In_popular_culture" title="Happy Days Are Here Again">theme song</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936_United_States_presidential_election" title="1936 United States presidential election">1936</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_presidential_election" title="1940 United States presidential election">1940</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_United_States_presidential_election" title="1944 United States presidential election">1944</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Life and homes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt#Personal_life" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Early life and education</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Groton_School" title="Groton School">Groton School</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Home_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt_National_Historic_Site" title="Home of Franklin D. Roosevelt National Historic Site">Springwood birthplace, home, and gravesite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adams_House_(Harvard_College)" title="Adams House (Harvard College)">Adams House</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FDR_Suite_at_Adams_House,_Harvard_University" title="FDR Suite at Adams House, Harvard University">FDR Suite</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Campobello_International_Park" title="Roosevelt Campobello International Park">Campobello home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paralytic_illness_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Paralytic illness of Franklin D. Roosevelt">Paralytic illness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Top_Cottage" title="Top Cottage">Top Cottage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_White_House" title="Little White House">Little White House, Warm Springs, Georgia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Bibliography of Franklin D. Roosevelt">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_statues_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="List of statues of Franklin D. Roosevelt">Statues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt_Presidential_Library_and_Museum" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum">Presidential Library and Museum</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Institute" title="Roosevelt Institute">Roosevelt Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Institute_Campus_Network" title="Roosevelt Institute Campus Network">Roosevelt Institute Campus Network</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Delano_Roosevelt_Foundation" title="Franklin Delano Roosevelt Foundation">Franklin Delano Roosevelt Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Delano_Roosevelt_Memorial" title="Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial">Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Island" title="Roosevelt Island">Roosevelt Island</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt_Four_Freedoms_Park" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt Four Freedoms Park">Four Freedoms Park</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Room" title="Roosevelt Room">White House Roosevelt Room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Institute_for_American_Studies" title="Roosevelt Institute for American Studies">Roosevelt Institute for American Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Franklin_D._Roosevelt_(CV-42)" class="mw-redirect" title="USS Franklin D. Roosevelt (CV-42)">USS <i>Franklin D. Roosevelt</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Roosevelt_(DDG-80)" title="USS Roosevelt (DDG-80)">USS <i>Roosevelt</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Freedoms_Award" title="Four Freedoms Award">Four Freedoms Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Freedoms_(Rockwell)" title="Four Freedoms (Rockwell)"><i>Four Freedoms</i> paintings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unfinished_portrait_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Unfinished portrait of Franklin D. Roosevelt"><i>Unfinished portrait</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidents_of_the_United_States_on_U.S._postage_stamps#Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps">U.S. Postage stamps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_dime" title="Roosevelt dime">Roosevelt dime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I%27d_Rather_Be_Right" title="I'd Rather Be Right"><i>I'd Rather Be Right</i> 1937 musical</a></li> <li>Films <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Roosevelt_Story" title="The Roosevelt Story"><i>The Roosevelt Story</i> 1947</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunrise_at_Campobello" title="Sunrise at Campobello"><i>Sunrise at Campobello</i> 1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_and_Franklin_(miniseries)" title="Eleanor and Franklin (miniseries)"><i>Eleanor and Franklin</i> 1976,</a> <a href="/wiki/Eleanor_and_Franklin:_The_White_House_Years" title="Eleanor and Franklin: The White House Years"><i>The White House Years</i> 1977</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backstairs_at_the_White_House" title="Backstairs at the White House"><i>Backstairs at the White House</i> 1979 miniseries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_II:_When_Lions_Roared" title="World War II: When Lions Roared"><i>World War II: When Lions Roared</i> 1997 miniseries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warm_Springs_(film)" title="Warm Springs (film)"><i>Warm Springs</i> 2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyde_Park_on_Hudson" title="Hyde Park on Hudson"><i>Hyde Park on Hudson</i> 2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Roosevelts_(miniseries)" title="The Roosevelts (miniseries)"><i>The Roosevelts</i> 2014 documentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_First_Lady_(American_TV_series)" title="The First Lady (American TV series)"><i>The First Lady</i> 2022 miniseries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FDR_(miniseries)" title="FDR (miniseries)"><i>FDR</i> 2023 miniseries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_memorials_to_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" class="mw-redirect" title="List of memorials to Franklin D. Roosevelt">Other namesakes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family<br />(<a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_family" title="Roosevelt family">Roosevelt</a><br /> • <a href="/wiki/Delano_family" title="Delano family">Delano</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Roosevelt" title="Eleanor Roosevelt">Eleanor Roosevelt</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Roosevelt_Halsted" title="Anna Roosevelt Halsted">Anna Roosevelt Halsted</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Roosevelt" title="James Roosevelt">James Roosevelt II</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elliott_Roosevelt_(general)" title="Elliott Roosevelt (general)">Elliott Roosevelt</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt_Jr." title="Franklin D. Roosevelt Jr.">Franklin Delano Roosevelt Jr.</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Aspinwall_Roosevelt" title="John Aspinwall Roosevelt">John Aspinwall Roosevelt II</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Roosevelt_I" title="James Roosevelt I">James Roosevelt I</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sara_Roosevelt" title="Sara Roosevelt">Sara Ann Delano</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Roosevelt_Roosevelt" title="James Roosevelt Roosevelt">James Roosevelt Roosevelt</a> (half-brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Roosevelt_(businessman)" title="Isaac Roosevelt (businessman)">Isaac Roosevelt</a> (grandfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Delano_Jr." title="Warren Delano Jr.">Warren Delano Jr.</a> (grandfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fala_(dog)" title="Fala (dog)">Fala</a> (family dog)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_(Franklin_D._Roosevelt%27s_dog)" title="Major (Franklin D. Roosevelt's dog)">Major</a> (family dog)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">← Herbert Hoover</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman →</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Category:Franklin D. 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