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href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E7%B8%AE%E5%AF%AB&returntoquery=variant%3Dzh-sg" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E7%B8%AE%E5%AF%AB&returntoquery=variant%3Dzh-sg" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" lang="zh-Hans-SG" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-缩写类型" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#缩写类型"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>缩写类型</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-缩写类型-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关缩写类型子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-缩写类型-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-字母词_（Acronym）" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#字母词_（Acronym）"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>字母词（Acronym）</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-字母词_（Acronym）-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-首字母缩略语（Initialism）" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#首字母缩略语（Initialism）"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>首字母缩略语（Initialism）</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-首字母缩略语（Initialism）-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-不使用拉丁字母的语言" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#不使用拉丁字母的语言"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>不使用拉丁字母的语言</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-不使用拉丁字母的语言-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-日语" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#日语"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1.1</span> <span>日语</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-日语-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-拼写简化_（Abbreviation）" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#拼写简化_（Abbreviation）"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>拼写简化（Abbreviation）</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-拼写简化_（Abbreviation）-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-截音词_（Clipping）" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#截音词_（Clipping）"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>截音词（Clipping）</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-截音词_（Clipping）-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-短语音节缩写_（Syllabic_abbreviation）" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#短语音节缩写_（Syllabic_abbreviation）"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>短语音节缩写（Syllabic abbreviation）</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-短语音节缩写_（Syllabic_abbreviation）-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-语素缩写（Morpheme_abbreviation）" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#语素缩写（Morpheme_abbreviation）"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>语素缩写（Morpheme abbreviation）</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-语素缩写（Morpheme_abbreviation）-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参见" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参见"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>参见</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参见-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-注释" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#注释"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>注释</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-注释-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" lang="zh-Hans-SG" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading" lang="zh-Hans-SG" dir="ltr"><span class="mw-page-title-main">缩写</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" lang="zh-Hans-SG" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。93种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-93" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">93种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Аббревиатура – 阿布哈西亚语" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Аббревиатура" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="阿布哈西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afkorting" title="Afkorting – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Afkorting" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abreviadura" title="Abreviadura – 阿拉贡语" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Abreviadura" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉贡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%B1_(%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9)" title="اختصار (لغة) – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اختصار (لغة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abreviatura" title="Abreviatura – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Abreviatura" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abreviatur" title="Abreviatur – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Abreviatur" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Аббревиатура – 巴什基尔语" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Аббревиатура" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什基尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aksara_anceng" title="Aksara anceng – 巴厘语" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Aksara anceng" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="巴厘语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Абрэвіятура – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Абрэвіятура" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Абрэвіятура – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Абрэвіятура" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Абревиатура – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Абревиатура" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A3" title="সংক্ষেপণ – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সংক্ষেপণ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abreviaci%C3%B3" title="Abreviació – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Abreviació" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9F%AD%E5%AF%AB" title="短寫 – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="短寫" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Аббревиатура – 车臣语" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Аббревиатура" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="车臣语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zkratka" title="Zkratka – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Zkratka" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Аббревиатура – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Аббревиатура" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byrfodd" title="Byrfodd – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Byrfodd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forkortelse" title="Forkortelse – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Forkortelse" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abk%C3%BCrzung" title="Abkürzung – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Abkürzung" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C4%B1lmkerd%C4%B1%C5%9F" title="Kılmkerdış – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Kılmkerdış" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Συντομογραφία – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Συντομογραφία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbreviation" title="Abbreviation – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Abbreviation" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mallongigo" title="Mallongigo – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Mallongigo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abreviatura" title="Abreviatura – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Abreviatura" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%BChend" title="Lühend – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Lühend" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laburdura" title="Laburdura – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Laburdura" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B4%D8%AA" title="کوته‌نوشت – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کوته‌نوشت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyhenne" title="Lyhenne – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Lyhenne" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abr%C3%A9viation" title="Abréviation – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Abréviation" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ofkoarting" title="Ofkoarting – 西弗里西亚语" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Ofkoarting" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giorr%C3%BAch%C3%A1n_(teanga)" title="Giorrúchán (teanga) – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Giorrúchán (teanga)" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giorrachadh" title="Giorrachadh – 苏格兰盖尔语" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Giorrachadh" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="苏格兰盖尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abreviatura" title="Abreviatura – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Abreviatura" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B7%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4_%E0%AA%B6%E0%AA%AC%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A6" title="સંક્ષિપ્ત શબ્દ – 古吉拉特语" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="સંક્ષિપ્ત શબ્દ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="古吉拉特语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suk-si%C3%A1" title="Suk-siá – 客家语" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Suk-siá" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="客家语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%B0" title="सूचकाक्षर – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सूचकाक्षर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kratica" title="Kratica – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kratica" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abreviyasyon" title="Abreviyasyon – 海地克里奥尔语" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Abreviyasyon" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="海地克里奥尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B6vid%C3%ADt%C3%A9s" title="Rövidítés – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Rövidítés" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4" title="Հապավում – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հապավում" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singkatan" title="Singkatan – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Singkatan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abreviuro" title="Abreviuro – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Abreviuro" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skammst%C3%B6fun" title="Skammstöfun – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Skammstöfun" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbreviazione" title="Abbreviazione – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Abbreviazione" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%95%A5%E8%AA%9E" title="略語 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="略語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90_(%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%90)" title="აბრევიატურა (ენათმეცნიერება) – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="აბრევიატურა (ენათმეცნიერება)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asegzel_(tutlayt)" title="Asegzel (tutlayt) – 卡拜尔语" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Asegzel (tutlayt)" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="卡拜尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Аббревиатура – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Аббревиатура" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%A3" title="ಸಂಕ್ಷೇಪಣ – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸಂಕ್ಷೇಪಣ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A4%80%EB%A7%90" title="준말 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="준말" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affk%C3%B6%C3%B6zung_(Schriive)" title="Affköözung (Schriive) – 科隆语" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Affköözung (Schriive)" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="科隆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Аббревиатура – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Аббревиатура" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbreviatio" title="Abbreviatio – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Abbreviatio" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ofkierzung" title="Ofkierzung – 卢森堡语" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Ofkierzung" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="卢森堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abreviat%C5%ABra" title="Abreviatūra – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Abreviatūra" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Скратеница – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Скратеница" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B4%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D" title="ചുരുക്കെഴുത്ത് – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ചുരുക്കെഴുത്ത്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%87%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Товчлол – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Товчлол" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singkatan_kata" title="Singkatan kata – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Singkatan kata" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82" title="Киртянь валт – 厄尔兹亚语" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Киртянь валт" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="厄尔兹亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afk%C3%B6rten" title="Afkörten – 低地德语" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Afkörten" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afkorting" title="Afkorting – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Afkorting" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forkorting" title="Forkorting – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Forkorting" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forkortelse" title="Forkortelse – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Forkortelse" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skr%C3%B3t" title="Skrót – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Skrót" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AE%D9%81%D9%81" title="مخفف – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="مخفف" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abreviatura" title="Abreviatura – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Abreviatura" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abreviere" title="Abreviere – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Abreviere" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Аббревиатура – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Аббревиатура" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amagambo_ahinnye" title="Amagambo ahinnye – 卢旺达语" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Amagambo ahinnye" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="卢旺达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AE%D9%81%D9%81" title="مخفف – 信德语" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="مخفف" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kratica" title="Kratica – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kratica" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbreviation" title="Abbreviation – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Abbreviation" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kratica" title="Kratica – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kratica" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shkurtesa" title="Shkurtesa – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Shkurtesa" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Скраћеница – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Скраћеница" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B6rkortning" title="Förkortning – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Förkortning" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kifupi" title="Kifupi – 斯瓦希里语" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kifupi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="斯瓦希里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%83%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="அஃகுப்பெயர் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அஃகுப்பெயர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%88%D1%82" title="Кӯтаҳнавишт – 塔吉克语" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Кӯтаҳнавишт" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbrewiatura" title="Abbrewiatura – 土库曼语" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Abbrewiatura" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="土库曼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C4%B1saltma" title="Kısaltma – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kısaltma" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Аббревиатура – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Аббревиатура" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Абревіатура – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Абревіатура" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AE%D9%81%D9%81" title="مخفف – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مخفف" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbreviatura" title="Abbreviatura – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Abbreviatura" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi%E1%BA%BFt_t%E1%BA%AFt" title="Viết tắt – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Viết tắt" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BC%A9%E5%86%99" title="缩写 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="缩写" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%A5_%D7%95%D7%95%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%98" title="קורץ ווארט – 意第绪语" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קורץ ווארט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第绪语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80k%E1%BB%8D%CC%80m%E1%BB%8D%CC%80n%C3%A0" title="Àkọ̀mọ̀nà – 约鲁巴语" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Àkọ̀mọ̀nà" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="约鲁巴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sok-si%C3%A1-s%C3%BB" title="Sok-siá-sû – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Sok-siá-sû" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B8%9B%E7%AD%86" title="減筆 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="減筆" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q102786#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" lang="zh-Hans-SG" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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data-file-height="200" /></a></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r74069148">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .ifmobile>.mobile{display:none}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .ifmobile>.nomobile{display:inherit;display:initial}</style><span class="ifmobile"><span class="nomobile">  </span><span class="mobile"></span></span><b>提示</b>：此条目页的主题不是<b><a href="/wiki/%E7%B0%A1%E7%A8%B1" title="简称">简称</a></b>。</div> <p><b>缩写</b>（英语：<span lang="en">abbreviation，<i>abbr.</i></span><span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>注 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>），又称<b>省略</b>、<b>缩略</b>、<b>节略</b>、<b>略记</b>、<b>简略记法</b><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，其词汇用语则称为<b>略语</b>、<b>缩语</b>、<b>缩略语</b>、<b>缩写词</b>，是指在使用<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%BC%E9%9F%B3%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" title="拼音文字">拼音文字</a>的语言中，对于常用的词组（多为专名）以及少数常用的词所采用的简便写法。 </p><p>缩写大部分时候等同于<a href="/wiki/%E7%B0%A1%E7%A8%B1" title="简称">简称</a>，但二者的含义不尽相同。广义的缩写囊括了<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="元音缩合" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Crasis"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3%E7%BC%A9%E5%90%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="元音缩合（页面不存在）">元音缩合</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crasis" class="extiw" title="en:Crasis"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Crasis</span></a></span>）</span></span>（通过合并两个<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="元音">元音</a>把多个词复合为一个词）、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D%E7%BC%A9%E7%95%A5%E8%AF%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="首字母缩略词">首字母缩略词</a>、<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="字母词" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Initialisms"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D%E8%AF%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="字母词（页面不存在）">字母词</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Initialisms" class="extiw" title="en:Initialisms"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Initialisms</span></a></span>）</span></span>和<span class="ilh-all ilh-blue" data-orig-title="中略" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Contraction (grammar)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E7%95%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="中略">中略</a></span></span>等概念，但在较严格的语境下可能会将它们排除或分别讨论<sup id="cite_ref-New_Hart's_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-New_Hart's-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:p167</sup>。 </p><p>缩写有几种常见的形式： </p><p>1. 截取词的首字母来代表这个词，如 C 代表 <i>carbōnium</i>（碳）； </p><p>2. 截取词的前几个字母，如 Eng. 代表 England（英格兰）或 English（英语）； </p><p>3. 分别截取一个词的两个部分的第一个字母，如 cm 代表 centimeter（厘米），TV 代表 television（电视）； </p><p>4. 截取词的首字母和最后一个字母，如 No. 或 <a href="/wiki/%E2%84%96" title="№">№</a> 代表 <i>numerō</i>（号数）； </p><p>5. 截取词组中每个主要单词的第一个字母，如 UN 代表 the United Nations（联合国）<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p><b>（详情见下）</b> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="缩写类型"><span id=".E7.BC.A9.E5.86.99.E7.B1.BB.E5.9E.8B"></span>缩写类型</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B8%AE%E5%AF%AB&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：缩写类型"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="字母词_（Acronym）"><span id=".E5.AD.97.E6.AF.8D.E8.AF.8D_.EF.BC.88Acronym.EF.BC.89"></span>字母词（Acronym）</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B8%AE%E5%AF%AB&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：字母词（Acronym）"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> 首字母缩略词，又称头字语<sup id="cite_ref-MWDEU2_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MWDEU2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，是<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="英语">英语</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="法语">法语</a>里面常见的缩写类型。这种音素缩写会将缩略语以词的形式发音<sup id="cite_ref-Oxford2_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oxford2-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Cambridge_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cambridge-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ahdictionary.com_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ahdictionary.com-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-collinsdictionary.com_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-collinsdictionary.com-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-dictionary.cambridge.org_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dictionary.cambridge.org-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-dictionary.cambridge.org2_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dictionary.cambridge.org2-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-wordsmyth.net_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wordsmyth.net-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-netlingo.com_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-netlingo.com-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-stedmans_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stedmans-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-scribendi.com_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scribendi.com-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-todayifoundout.com_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-todayifoundout.com-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Crystal2_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Crystal2-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-techtarget.com_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-techtarget.com-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-etymonline.com_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-etymonline.com-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。如：</p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UNESCO_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/UNESCO_logo.svg/220px-UNESCO_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/UNESCO_logo.svg/330px-UNESCO_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/UNESCO_logo.svg/440px-UNESCO_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="404" data-file-height="301" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E3%80%81%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%8A%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="联合国教育、科学及文化组织">联合国教育、科学及文化组织</a>的标志。教科文组织的英语缩写也是一种字母词。</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><b>N</b>orth <b>A</b>tlantic <b>T</b>reaty <b>O</b>rganization → NATO（<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%8B%E5%85%AC%E7%BA%A6%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="北大西洋公约组织">北大西洋公约组织</a>）</li></ul> <ul><li><span lang="fr"><b>O</b>rganisation du <b>T</b>raité de l'<b>A</b>tlantique <b>N</b>ord</span> → OTAN（<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%AF%AD" title="法语">法语</a>，同上）</li> <li><b>L</b>aser <b>I</b>nterferometer <b>S</b>pace <b>A</b>ntenna → LISA（<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E5%B9%B2%E6%B6%89%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4%E5%A4%A9%E7%BA%BF" title="激光干涉空间天线">激光干涉空间天线</a>）</li> <li><b>T</b>erminal <b>H</b>igh <b>A</b>ltitude <b>A</b>rea <b>D</b>efense → THAAD（<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B0%E5%8D%80%E9%AB%98%E7%A9%BA%E9%98%B2%E5%BE%A1%E9%A3%9B%E5%BD%88" title="战区高空防御导弹">末段高空区域防御系统</a>，缩写音译为<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B0%E5%8D%80%E9%AB%98%E7%A9%BA%E9%98%B2%E5%BE%A1%E9%A3%9B%E5%BD%88" title="战区高空防御导弹">萨德</a>）</li> <li><b>Be</b>lgium, <b>Ne</b>therlands, <b>Lux</b>embourg → Benelux（<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E8%8D%B7%E7%9B%A7%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E9%97%9C%E7%A8%85%E5%90%8C%E7%9B%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="比荷卢三国关税同盟">比荷卢三国关税同盟</a>）</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Benelux.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Benelux.svg/220px-Flag_of_Benelux.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Benelux.svg/330px-Flag_of_Benelux.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Benelux.svg/440px-Flag_of_Benelux.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E5%88%A9%E6%97%B6" title="比利时">比</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%B7%E5%85%B0" title="荷兰">荷</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A2%E6%A3%AE%E5%A0%A1" title="卢森堡">卢</a>三国关税同盟的旗帜</figcaption></figure> <p>这种缩写都是可直接拼读的。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="首字母缩略语（Initialism）"><span id=".E9.A6.96.E5.AD.97.E6.AF.8D.E7.BC.A9.E7.95.A5.E8.AF.AD.EF.BC.88Initialism.EF.BC.89"></span>首字母缩略语（Initialism）</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B8%AE%E5%AF%AB&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：首字母缩略语（Initialism）"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>这种缩写一般将其按字母逐字发音<sup id="cite_ref-OEDinitialism_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OEDinitialism-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。如： </p> <ul><li><b>W</b>orld <b>T</b>rade <b>O</b>rganization → WTO（<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%B4%B8%E6%98%93%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="世界贸易组织">世界贸易组织</a>）</li> <li><b>N</b>ational <b>B</b>asketball <b>A</b>ssociation → NBA（<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E7%AF%AE%E7%90%83%E5%8D%8F%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="国家篮球协会">国家篮球协会</a>）</li> <li><b>C</b>entral <b>I</b>ntelligence <b>A</b>gency → CIA（美国<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E6%83%85%E6%8A%A5%E5%B1%80" title="中央情报局">中央情报局</a>）</li> <li><b>U</b>nited <b>K</b>ingdom → UK （<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a>）</li> <li><b>C</b>ompact <b>D</b>isc → CD （<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%84%E5%94%B1%E7%89%87" title="激光唱片">镭射唱片</a>）</li> <li><b>S</b>ozialdemokratische <b>P</b>artei <b>D</b>eutschlands → SPD （<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%85%9A" title="德国社会民主党">德国社会民主党</a>）</li> <li><b>O</b>rganisation for the <b>P</b>rohibition of <b>C</b>hemical <b>W</b>eapons → OPCW（<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%81%E6%AD%A2%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E6%AD%A6%E5%99%A8%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="禁止化学武器组织">禁止化学武器组织</a>）</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="不使用拉丁字母的语言"><span id=".E4.B8.8D.E4.BD.BF.E7.94.A8.E6.8B.89.E4.B8.81.E5.AD.97.E6.AF.8D.E7.9A.84.E8.AF.AD.E8.A8.80"></span>不使用<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D" title="拉丁字母">拉丁字母</a>的语言</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B8%AE%E5%AF%AB&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：不使用拉丁字母的语言"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span lang="uk"><b>З</b>бройні <b>с</b>или <b>У</b>країни</span> → <span lang="uk">ЗСУ</span>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E5%85%8B%E8%98%AD%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="乌克兰语">乌克兰语</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B0%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%85%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F" title="乌克兰武装部队">乌克兰武装部队</a>）</li> <li><span lang="ru"><b>К</b>омите́т <b>г</b>осуда́рственной <b>б</b>езопа́сности</span> → <span lang="ru">КГБ</span>（<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E8%AF%AD" title="俄语">俄语</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94" title="苏联">苏联</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="国家安全委员会">国家安全委员会</a>，缩写音译为<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E6%A0%BC%E5%8B%83" title="克格勃">克格勃</a>）</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="日语"><span id=".E6.97.A5.E8.AF.AD"></span>日语</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B8%AE%E5%AF%AB&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：日语"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span title="汉字或假名表记（原文）"><span lang="ja">空気読めない</span></span><small>／</small><span title="平假名表记"><span lang="ja">くうきよめない</span></span><sup> <i><span title="罗马字表记" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none" lang="ja-Latn">kūki yomenai</span></i></sup> → KY （<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E7%94%A8%E8%AF%AD" title="互联网用语">网络俚语</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E8%AF%91" title="直译">直译</a>“不懂得阅读气氛”，形容那些无法理解或配合现场氛围、无视他人感受的人）</li></ul> <p>这种缩写要按各字母的发音发音。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="拼写简化_（Abbreviation）"><span id=".E6.8B.BC.E5.86.99.E7.AE.80.E5.8C.96_.EF.BC.88Abbreviation.EF.BC.89"></span>拼写简化（Abbreviation）</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B8%AE%E5%AF%AB&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：拼写简化（Abbreviation）"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>拼写简化在书写上缩减而不改变词的读音。 </p><p>这种缩写今时<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%BC%8F%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="美式英语">美式英语</a>一般会在后面加一个缩写点“.”（英语<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A5%E5%8F%B7" title="句号">句号</a>），<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%BC%8F%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="英式英语">英式英语</a>中略时则不会加点。<sup id="cite_ref-New_Hart's_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-New_Hart's-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:p167–170</sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <ul><li><b>abbrev</b>iation → abbr. 或 abbrev.</li> <li><b>D</b>octo<b>r</b> → Dr.</li> <li><b>Co</b>mpany → Co.</li> <li><b>b</b>ui<b>ld</b>in<b>g</b> → bldg.</li> <li><b>S</b>tree<b>t</b> → St. （英式英语加有缩写点，为免与 <b>S</b>ain<b>t</b>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E4%BA%BA" title="圣人">圣人</a>）混淆）/ Str.</li> <li><b>R</b>oa<b>d</b> → Rd.</li> <li><b>M</b>iste<b>r</b> → Mr.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Doe" title="John Doe"><b>J</b>ohn <b>D</b>oe</a> → J. D.</li> <li><b>B</b>ou<b>l</b>e<b>v</b>ar<b>d</b> → Blvd.</li> <li><b>Adj</b>ective → Adj.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="截音词_（Clipping）"><span id=".E6.88.AA.E9.9F.B3.E8.AF.8D_.EF.BC.88Clipping.EF.BC.89"></span>截音词（Clipping）</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B8%AE%E5%AF%AB&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：截音词（Clipping）"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="截音法" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Clipping (morphology)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%AA%E9%9F%B3%E6%B3%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="截音法（页面不存在）">截音</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipping_(morphology)" class="extiw" title="en:Clipping (morphology)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Clipping (morphology)</span></a></span>）</span></span>是截取词语的一部分作为缩略语的方法，是一种音节缩写。如： </p> <ul><li>tele<b>phone</b>→ phone</li> <li><b>exam</b>ination → exam</li> <li><b>math</b>ematics → math / maths</li> <li><b>lab</b>oratory → lab</li> <li><b>facs</b>imile → fa<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83933911">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><span class="tmp-color" style="color:red">x</span></li> <li><b>memo</b>randum → memo</li> <li>in<b>flu</b>enza → flu</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="短语音节缩写_（Syllabic_abbreviation）"><span id=".E7.9F.AD.E8.AF.AD.E9.9F.B3.E8.8A.82.E7.BC.A9.E5.86.99_.EF.BC.88Syllabic_abbreviation.EF.BC.89"></span>短语音节缩写（Syllabic abbreviation）</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B8%AE%E5%AF%AB&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：短语音节缩写（Syllabic abbreviation）"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%B7%E6%88%90%E8%AF%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="混成词">混成词</a></div> <p>一些缩略语由复合词或短语中截取一部分<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%B3%E8%8A%82" title="音节">音节</a>构成，这些缩略语也是典型的音节缩写。这种缩略语一般用于专有名词。 </p><p>该概念与<a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%B7%E6%88%90%E8%A9%9E" title="混成词">混成词</a>（英文：portmanteau 或 blend word）相似<sup id="cite_ref-What_is_a_portmanteau_morph_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-What_is_a_portmanteau_morph-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>例如： </p> <ul><li><span lang="en"><b>Inter</b>national Criminal <b>Pol</b>ice Organisation </span> → <span lang="en">Interpol</span>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%88%91%E8%AD%A6%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="国际刑警组织">国际刑警组织</a>）</li> <li><span lang="en"><b>Leg</b>islative <b>Co</b>uncil</span> → <span lang="en">Legco</span>（<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E7%AB%8B%E6%B3%95%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="香港立法会">香港立法会</a>）</li></ul> <p>与英语、法语相比，音节缩写在<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="德语">德语</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="俄语">俄语</a>比较常见。<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E7%B2%B9%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="纳粹德国">纳粹时期</a>及之前的<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD" title="德国">德国</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="苏联">苏联</a>为了新的官僚机构命名时，非常盛行使用音节缩写。如： </p> <ul><li><span lang="de"><b>Schutzpo</b>lizist</span> → <span lang="de">Schupo</span>（德语，<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="保护警察" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Schutzpolizei"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%9D%E6%8A%A4%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="保护警察（页面不存在）">保护警察</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schutzpolizei" class="extiw" title="en:Schutzpolizei"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Schutzpolizei</span></a></span>）</span></span>）</li> <li><span lang="de"><b>Ge</b>heime <b>Sta</b>ats-<b>Po</b>lizei</span> → <span lang="de">Gestapo</span>（德语，<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%98%E5%AF%86%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="秘密国家警察">秘密国家警察</a>，缩写音译为<a href="/wiki/%E8%93%8B%E4%B8%96%E5%A4%AA%E4%BF%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="盖世太保">盖世太保</a>）</li> <li><span lang="ru">Всесоюзный Ленинский <b>Ком</b>мунистический <b>Со</b>юз <b>Мол</b>одёжи</span> → <span lang="ru">Комсомол</span>（俄语，<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F%E5%88%97%E5%AE%81%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E9%9D%92%E5%B9%B4%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" title="全联盟列宁主义青年共产主义联盟">苏联共青团</a>）</li> <li><span lang="ru"><b>Ком</b>мунистический <b>интерн</b>ационал</span> → <span lang="ru">Коминтерн</span>（俄语，<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85" class="mw-redirect" title="共产国际">共产国际</a>）</li></ul> <p>后来的德国，包括<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%BE%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="东德">东德</a>，仍然会使用音节缩写，如： </p> <ul><li><span lang="de"><b>Kri</b>minal<b>po</b>lizei</span> → <span lang="de">Kripo</span>（德语，<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="罪案調查警察" data-lang-code="de" data-lang-name="德语" data-foreign-title="Kriminalpolizei"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BD%AA%E6%A1%88%E8%AA%BF%E6%9F%A5%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="罪案调查警察（页面不存在）">罪案调查警察</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">德语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriminalpolizei" class="extiw" title="de:Kriminalpolizei"><span lang="de" dir="auto">Kriminalpolizei</span></a></span>）</span></span>）。</li> <li><span lang="de"><b>Sta</b>ats<b>si</b>cherheit</span>（意为“国家安全”）→ <span lang="de">Stasi</span>（德语，东德的<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E8%A5%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="斯塔西">国家安全部</a>，缩写音译为<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E8%A5%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="斯塔西">斯塔西</a>）</li> <li><span lang="de"><b>Vo</b>lks<b>po</b>lizist</span> → <span lang="de">Vopo</span>（德语，<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F" title="德国人民警察">东德人民警察</a>）。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="语素缩写（Morpheme_abbreviation）"><span id=".E8.AF.AD.E7.B4.A0.E7.BC.A9.E5.86.99.EF.BC.88Morpheme_abbreviation.EF.BC.89"></span>语素缩写（Morpheme abbreviation）</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B8%AE%E5%AF%AB&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：语素缩写（Morpheme abbreviation）"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732972">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tango-nosources.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/35px-Tango-nosources.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/53px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/70px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此章节<b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源">尚无参考来源</a></b>，内容或许<b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E4%BE%9B%E6%9F%A5%E8%AD%89" title="Wikipedia:可供查证">无法查证</a></b>。 <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2024年9月30日</span>)</i></small></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>语素缩写是由<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%8D%E6%B1%87" title="词汇">词汇</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%AD%E8%AF%AD" title="短语">短语</a>中的构成缩略语的缩写方法。这是<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD" title="汉语">汉语</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E8%AF%AD" title="日语">日语</a>最常见的缩写类型之一。由于汉语是<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%A4%E7%AB%8B%E8%AF%AD" title="孤立语">孤立语</a>，其语素单位大部分时候与音节单位契合，所以往往也可以视为音节缩写。如： </p> <ul><li><b>北</b>京<b>大</b>学 → <a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="北京大学">北大</a></li> <li><b>扫</b>除文<b>盲</b> → <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E7%9B%B2" title="文盲">扫盲</a></li> <li>摆<b>脱贫</b>穷 → <a href="/wiki/%E8%84%AB%E8%B2%A7" title="脱贫">脱贫</a></li> <li>人<b>民警</b>察 → <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F" title="中华人民共和国人民警察">民警</a></li> <li><b>民</b>意<b>代</b>表 → <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%84%8F%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8" title="民意代表">民代</a></li> <li><b>立</b>法<b>委</b>员 → <a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E6%B3%95%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="立法委员">立委</a></li> <li><b>欧</b>洲联<b>盟</b> → <a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" title="欧洲联盟">欧盟</a></li> <li><b>东</b>南亚国家联<b>盟</b> → <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%9A%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" title="东南亚国家联盟">东盟</a></li> <li><b>苏</b>维埃社会主义共和国<b>联</b>盟 → <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%83%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="苏维埃社会主义共和国联盟">苏联</a></li> <li><b>中</b>国<b>共</b>产党 → <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%B1%E7%94%A2%E9%BB%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="中国共产党">中共</a></li> <li><span lang="ja"><b>国</b>際<b>連</b>合</span> → <span lang="ja">国連</span>（日语，<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD" title="联合国">联合国</a>）</li> <li><span lang="ja"><b>東</b>京<b>大</b>学</span> → <span lang="ja">東大</span>（日语，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E4%BA%AC%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="东京大学">东京大学</a>）</li></ul> <p>汉语也会由从<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%8D%E6%B1%87" title="词汇">词汇</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%AD%E8%AF%AD" title="短语">短语</a>或句子中抽出相同的语素，与数词或再加上量词构成缩略语。如： </p> <ul><li>世界<b>观</b>、人生<b>观</b>、价值<b>观</b> → <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E8%A7%82" class="mw-disambig" title="三观">三观</a></li> <li>农业、工业、国防和科学技术的<b>现代化</b> → <a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%80%8B%E7%8F%BE%E4%BB%A3%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="四个现代化">四个现代化</a>、四化</li> <li>始终<b>代表</b>中国先进社会生产力的发展要求、始终<b>代表</b>中国先进文化的前进方向、始终<b>代表</b>中国最广大人民的根本利益 → <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%AA%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="三个代表">三个代表</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参见"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.A7.81"></span>参见</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B8%AE%E5%AF%AB&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：参见"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portal plainlist tright" style="margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px"> <ul style="display:table;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0.1em;max-width:175px;background:var(--background-color-base,#f9f9f9);font-size:85%;line-height:110%;font-weight:bold"> <li style="display:table-row"><span style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Globelang.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Globelang.svg/32px-Globelang.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Globelang.svg/48px-Globelang.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Globelang.svg/64px-Globelang.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="378" data-file-height="178" /></a></span></span><span style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80" title="Portal:语言">语言主题</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%86%E5%90%91%E9%A6%96%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D%E7%BC%A9%E7%95%A5%E8%AF%8D" title="逆向首字母缩略词">逆向首字母缩略词</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%97%E9%A4%98%E9%A6%96%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D%E7%B8%AE%E5%AF%AB%E7%B6%9C%E5%90%88%E7%97%87" title="冗余首字母缩写综合症">冗余首字母缩写综合症</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="注释"><span id=".E6.B3.A8.E9.87.8A"></span>注释</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B8%AE%E5%AF%AB&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：注释"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="references-NoteFoot"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">源自<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E8%AF%AD" title="拉丁语">拉丁文</a> brevis，意为“短”<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B8%AE%E5%AF%AB&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 40em; -webkit-column-width: 40em; column-width: 40em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210429003348/https://www.latin-is-simple.com/en/vocabulary/adjective/91/">brevis/breve, brevis M – Latin is Simple Online Dictionary</a>. <span></span><i>www.latin-is-simple.com</i><span></span>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2018-03-29</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latin-is-simple.com/en/vocabulary/adjective/91/">原始内容</a>存档于2021-04-29）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B8%AE%E5%AF%AB&rft.atitle=brevis%2Fbreve%2C+brevis+M+%E2%80%93+Latin+is+Simple+Online+Dictionary&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%27%27www.latin-is-simple.com%27%27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latin-is-simple.com%2Fen%2Fvocabulary%2Fadjective%2F91%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220710070221/https://terms.naer.edu.tw/detail/3246991/">存档副本</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2022-02-10</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://terms.naer.edu.tw/detail/3246991/">原始内容</a>存档于2022-07-10）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B8%AE%E5%AF%AB&rft.btitle=%E5%AD%98%E6%A1%A3%E5%89%AF%E6%9C%AC&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fterms.naer.edu.tw%2Fdetail%2F3246991%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-New_Hart's-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-New_Hart's_4-0"><sup><b>3.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-New_Hart's_4-1"><sup><b>3.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210429002306/https://books.google.com/books?id=3uwGtj8i_vkC&dq=New+Hart%27s+Rules&q=acronyms+contractions+10.1#v=snippet&q=acronyms%20contractions%2010.1&f=false"><span></span><i>New Hart's Rules: The handbook of style for writers and editors</i><span></span></a>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. 2005 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2018-07-27</span>]</span>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-19-861041-6" title="Special:网络书源/0-19-861041-6"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 0-19-861041-6</a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3uwGtj8i_vkC&dq=New+Hart%27s+Rules&q=acronyms+contractions+10.1#v=snippet&q=acronyms%20contractions%2010.1&f=false">原始内容</a>存档于2021-04-29）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B8%AE%E5%AF%AB&rft.btitle=New+Hart%27s+Rules%3A+The+handbook+of+style+for+writers+and+editors&rft.date=2005&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-19-861041-6&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3uwGtj8i_vkC%26dq%3DNew%2BHart%2527s%2BRules%26q%3Dacronyms%2Bcontractions%2B10.1%23v%3Dsnippet%26q%3Dacronyms%2520contractions%252010.1%26f%3Dfalse&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E9%99%A2%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E6%89%80" title="中国社会科学院语言研究所">中国社会科学院语言研究所词典编辑室</a> (编). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/xiandaihanyucidi0000unse_l0g1">现代汉语词典</a> (3版, 修订本). <a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="北京">北京</a>: <a href="/wiki/%E5%95%86%E5%8A%A1%E5%8D%B0%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86" title="商务印书馆">商务印书馆</a>. 1996. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-7-100-01777-0" title="Special:网络书源/978-7-100-01777-0"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-7-100-01777-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B8%AE%E5%AF%AB&rft.au=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E6%89%80%E8%AF%8D%E5%85%B8%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E5%AE%A4&rft.btitle=%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E8%AF%8D%E5%85%B8&rft.date=1996&rft.edition=%283%E7%89%88%2C+%E4%BF%AE%E8%AE%A2%E6%9C%AC%29&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-7-100-01777-0&rft.place=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC&rft.pub=%E5%95%86%E5%8A%A1%E5%8D%B0%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fxiandaihanyucidi0000unse_l0g1&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="中文">（简体中文）</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MWDEU2-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MWDEU2_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Merriam-Webster, Inc. <i>Merriam-Webster's Dictionary of English Usage</i>, 1994. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r61200749">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E4%B9%A6%E5%8F%B7" title="国际标准书号">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-87779-132-5" title="Special:网络书源/0-87779-132-5">0-87779-132-5</a>. pp. 21–22:<blockquote><p><b>首字母缩略词</b>  首字母缩略词许多评论者（如 Copperud 1970、Janis 1984、Howard 1984）认为首字母缩略词可以与其他缩写词区分开来，因为它们可以作为单词发音。然而，词典并没有做出这种区分，因为作者一般不会：</p><blockquote><p>“粉末冶金行业已正式采用缩写词‘P/M Parts’”—<i>Precision Metal Molding</i>, January 1966.<br />“缩写词一词的使用者不会区分那些发音为单词的……和那些发音为一系列字符的” —Jean Praninskas, <i>Trade Name Creation</i>, 1968.<br />“J.C.B. 的名字，更不用说它的缩写，在欧洲学者中不是家喻户晓的词，这并不是 J.C.B. 的错”—<i>Times Literary Supp.</i> 5 February 1970.<br />“... ...五角大楼对缩写词和首字母缩写词（由其他单词的第一个字母组成的单词）的混乱”—Bernard Weinraub, <i>N.Y. Times</i>, 11 December 1978. </p></blockquote><p>Pyles & Algeo 1970 将缩略词分为“首字母缩略词”（由首字母与字母名称一起发音）和“单词缩略词”（按单词发音）。“Initialism”是一个比“acronym”更古老的词，但公众似乎对它知之甚少，无法作为与狭义的“acronym”相对的习惯用语。</p></blockquote></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Oxford2-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Oxford2_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"acronym". <i>The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Current English</i> (1991), Oxford University Press. p. 12: "一个单词，通常这样发音，由其他单词的首字母组成（例如“Ernie”、“laser”、“Nato”）".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cambridge-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cambridge_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"acronym" <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/define.asp?key=acronym*1+0&dict=A">"Cambridge Dictionary of American English"</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20090501163931/http://dictionary.cambridge.org/define.asp?key=acronym*1+0&dict=A">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, accessed October 5, 2008: "由一系列单词中每个单词的第一个字母创建的单词。"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ahdictionary.com-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ahdictionary.com_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"acronym" <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ahdictionary.com/word/search.html?q=acronym">"The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language"</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210202200308/https://www.ahdictionary.com/word/search.html?q=acronym">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, accessed August 13, 2015: "1. 由多部分名称的首字母组合而成的单词，例如北大西洋公约组织的 NATO，或由一系列单词的首字母或部分组合而成的单词，例如无线电探测和测距的雷达。2.“使用问题” 一个缩写。 <b>使用注意事项：</b> 在严格的用法中，术语首字母缩写词是指由其他单词的首字母或部分组成的单词，例如 so(und) na(vigation) 和 r(anging) 中的 sonar。首字母缩略词的显着特征是它的发音就像一个单词，就像 NATO 和 NASA 的方式一样。首字母缩略词通常与 FBI 和 NIH 等首字母缩写词不同，后者的各个字母发音为单独的音节。虽然观察这种区别在精确性方面有一定的优点，但许多人可能会忽略它，因为缩写词一词指的是这两种缩写。"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-collinsdictionary.com-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-collinsdictionary.com_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"acronym" <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/acronym">"Collins Dictionaries"</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210430205536/http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/acronym">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, accessed August 13, 2015: "由一系列首字母或单词的一部分组成的可发音的名称；例如，UNESCO 代表联合国教育、科学及文化组织"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dictionary.cambridge.org-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dictionary.cambridge.org_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"acronym" <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/acronym">"Cambridge Dictionaries Online"</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210417140627/http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/acronym">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, accessed August 13, 2015: "由某物名称中每个单词的首字母组成的缩写，发音为单词： AIDS 是“获得性免疫缺陷综合症”的缩写。"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dictionary.cambridge.org2-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dictionary.cambridge.org2_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"acronym" <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/abbreviations-initials-and-acronyms">"Cambridge Dictionaries Online"</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210417140630/http://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/abbreviations-initials-and-acronyms">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, accessed August 13, 2015: "首字母缩略词是由其他单词的首字母组成的单词，并且发音为完整单词。"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wordsmyth.net-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wordsmyth.net_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"acronym" <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wordsmyth.net/?ent=acronym">"Wordsmyth, the Priemier Educational Dictionary-Thesaurus"</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210417140700/http://www.wordsmyth.net/?ent=acronym">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, accessed August 13, 2015: "用作单词的一种缩写形式，通过组合构成特定字符串的单词的首字母（或首字母部分）而形成。首字母缩略词的发音基于语言中单词发音的典型规则，而不是由单个字母名称的发音组成。NASA 是“国家航空航天局”的缩写。缩写“FBI”和“DVD”不是缩写词，但“AIDS”、“FICA”和“PIN”则是缩写词。"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-netlingo.com-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-netlingo.com_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"acronym" <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.netlingo.com/word/acronym.php">"NetLingo, the Internet Dictionary"</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210422212545/http://www.netlingo.com/word/acronym.php">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, accessed August 13, 2015: "首字母缩略词源自短语的第一个字母，旨在使该短语更容易说和记住。对于首字母缩略词，每个单词的第一个字母组成一个实际上可以发音的新单词（例如，SNAFU 发音为“sna-foo”，WOMBAT 发音为“wahm-bat”）。"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-stedmans-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-stedmans_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"acronym". <i>Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing</i> (2012). <i>Stedman. "由每个单词的首字母或短语中选定的单词组成的可发音单词（例如，艾滋病）”。</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"acronym" <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aes.org/par/a/#acronym">"AES Pro Audio Reference"</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210408022314/http://www.aes.org/par/a/#acronym">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, accessed August 13, 2015: "由名称的第一个字母组成的单词，例如通过受激辐射进行光放大的激光，或由一系列单词的首字母或部分组合而成的单词，例如用于无线电探测和测距的雷达。形成单词的要求是首字母缩写词与缩写词（或也称为首字母缩写词）的区别。因此，调制解调器（modem）[调制器（modulator）-解调器（demodulator）] 是缩写词，而 AES [音频工程学会（Audio Engineering Society）] 是缩写词或缩写。"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-scribendi.com-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-scribendi.com_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"The Correct Use of Acronyms and Initialisms" <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scribendi.com/advice/the_correct_use_of_acronyms.en.html">"Scribendi Proofreading Services"</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200703145239/http://www.scribendi.com/advice/the_correct_use_of_acronyms.en.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, accessed August 13, 2015: "首字母缩略词是由名称或短语的首字母组成的单词。它的发音就像一个单词一样。常见首字母缩写词的示例包括“SARS”（严重急性呼吸道综合症）和“UNICEF”（联合国国际儿童紧急基金）"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-todayifoundout.com-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-todayifoundout.com_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"The Difference Between an Acronym and an Initialism" <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.todayifoundout.com/index.php/2012/05/the-difference-between-an-acronym-and-an-initialism/">"Today I Found Out"</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210417140724/http://www.todayifoundout.com/index.php/2012/05/the-difference-between-an-acronym-and-an-initialism/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, accessed August 13, 2015: "首字母缩略词是由名称或短语的首字母组成的单词。它的发音就像一个单词一样。常见首字母缩写词的示例包括“SARS”（严重急性呼吸道综合症）和“UNICEF”（联合国国际儿童紧急基金）"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Crystal2-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Crystal2_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/David_Crystal" class="mw-redirect" title="David Crystal">Crystal, David</a> (1995). "Abbreviation". <i>The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language</i>, Cambridge University Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61200749"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E4%B9%A6%E5%8F%B7" title="国际标准书号">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-521-55985-5" title="Special:网络书源/0-521-55985-5">0-521-55985-5</a>. p. 120: 在“缩写类型”标题下，本文分别列出了“initialism”和“acronym”，将后者描述为“发音为单个单词的首字母缩略词”，但补充道，“然而，一些语言学家并没有认识到“acronym”和“initialism”之间的明显区别，而是使用两者的前一个术语。”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-techtarget.com-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-techtarget.com_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"The 10 Most Misunderstood Terms in IT" <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://whatis.techtarget.com/reference/The-10-Most-Misunderstood-Terms-in-IT">"TechTarget"</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210417140704/http://whatis.techtarget.com/reference/The-10-Most-Misunderstood-Terms-in-IT">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, accessed August 13, 2015: "首字母缩写词不是任何缩写词，只是构成“可读”的单词的缩写词。除了这种混乱之外，每当读者可能不知道拼写版本是什么时，首字母缩略词和其他缩写词也会造成混乱。"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-etymonline.com-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-etymonline.com_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"initialism" <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=initialism&allowed_in_frame=0">"Online Etymology Dictionary"</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20161225231006/http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=initialism&allowed_in_frame=0">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）, accessed August 13, 2015: "initialism (n.) 由其他单词或短语的首字母组成的单词，1957 年，由initial (n.) + -ism 组成。与“acronym”的区别尚未得到普遍认可。一般来说，诸如 NATO 之类的单词（其中字母组成一个单词）被视为“acronym”，而诸如 FBI 之类的单词（其中字母发音为字母）则被视为“initialism”。在这本词典中，在技术上属于“initialism”的条目中使用“acronym”是一个故意的错误，因为许多人只知道在“acronym”下搜索所有此类单词。"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OEDinitialism-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-OEDinitialism_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://public.oed.com/the-oed-today/guide-to-the-third-edition-of-the-oed/">dGuide to the Third Edition of the OED</a>. <span></span><i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary</a></i><span></span>. 2010-08-19 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2012-12-19</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150906013834/http://public.oed.com/the-oed-today/guide-to-the-third-edition-of-the-oed/">存档</a>于2015-09-06）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B8%AE%E5%AF%AB&rft.atitle=dGuide+to+the+Third+Edition+of+the+OED&rft.date=2010-08-19&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%27%27Oxford+English+Dictionary%27%27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpublic.oed.com%2Fthe-oed-today%2Fguide-to-the-third-edition-of-the-oed%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Allen, Robert (编). 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An invitation to grammar. Summer Institute of Linguistics. Bangkok: Mahidol University: 9. 1983.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B8%AE%E5%AF%AB&rft.atitle=An+invitation+to+grammar&rft.aufirst=David&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.date=1983&rft.genre=article&rft.pages=9&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Crystal, David. A dictionary of linguistics and phonetics 2nd. New York: Basil Blackwell: 237. 1985.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B8%AE%E5%AF%AB&rft.atitle=A+dictionary+of+linguistics+and+phonetics&rft.aufirst=David&rft.aulast=Crystal&rft.date=1985&rft.genre=article&rft.pages=237&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Hartmann, R.R.K.; Stork, F.C. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dictionaryoflang00hart">Dictionary of language and linguistics</a>. London: Applied Science: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dictionaryoflang00hart/page/180">180</a>. 1972.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%B8%AE%E5%AF%AB&rft.atitle=Dictionary+of+language+and+linguistics&rft.au=Stork%2C+F.C.&rft.aufirst=R.R.K.&rft.aulast=Hartmann&rft.date=1972&rft.genre=article&rft.pages=180&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdictionaryoflang00hart&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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