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id="toc-Poon_Choi_Characteristics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Poon_Choi_Characteristics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Poon Choi Characteristics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Poon_Choi_Characteristics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_Poon_choi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_Poon_choi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Modern Poon choi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Modern_Poon_choi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Modern Poon choi subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Modern_Poon_choi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li 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</div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Poon choi</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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title="Phùn-tshoi – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Phùn-tshoi" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poon_choi" title="Poon choi – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Poon choi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9B%86%E8%8F%9C" title="盆菜 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="盆菜" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9B%86%E8%8F%9C" title="盆菜 – Cantonese" 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Cantonese meal served in a communal bowl</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output 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hrecipe adr"><caption class="infobox-title fn"><span>Poon Choi</span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pun_Choi_at_chinese_new_year.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Pun_Choi_at_chinese_new_year.jpg/250px-Pun_Choi_at_chinese_new_year.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Pun_Choi_at_chinese_new_year.jpg/375px-Pun_Choi_at_chinese_new_year.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Pun_Choi_at_chinese_new_year.jpg/500px-Pun_Choi_at_chinese_new_year.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Course</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Main_course" title="Main course">Main course</a></td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Place of origin</th><td class="infobox-data country-name"><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Region or state</th><td class="infobox-data region"><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Serving temperature</th><td class="infobox-data">Hot</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding-top:0.25em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Poon_choi" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Poon choi">Media: Poon Choi</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="color: #202122;background-color:#b0c4de">Poon choi</th></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;">盆菜</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;">盆菜</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;">Literal meaning</th><td class="infobox-data">basin-dish</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">pén cài</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Wade%E2%80%93Giles" title="Wade–Giles">Wade–Giles</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">p'en ts'ai</span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Hakka_Chinese" title="Hakka Chinese">Hakka</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Guangdong_Romanization#Hakka" title="Guangdong Romanization">Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Hakka-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="hak-Latn">pun choi</span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Yue: Cantonese</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese" title="Yale romanization of Cantonese">Yale Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">pùhn choi</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Jyutping" title="Jyutping">Jyutping</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">pun<sup>4</sup> coi<sup>3</sup></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Poon choi</b> or <b>puhn choi</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (pronounced: pun4 coi3 in <a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Cantonese</a>), <b>pén cài</b> in <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>, is a traditional <a href="/wiki/Cantonese_cuisine" title="Cantonese cuisine">Cantonese</a> festival meal composed of many layers of different ingredients. It is served in large wooden, porcelain or metal basins called <i>poon</i>, due to the communal style of consumption. The Chinese name, transliterated as Poon choi, has been variously translated as "big bowl feast", "basin cuisine" or "Chinese casserole". </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origin">Origin</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poon_choi&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to tradition, Poon choi was invented during the late <a href="/wiki/Song_dynasty" title="Song dynasty">Song dynasty</a>. When <a href="/wiki/Mongol_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Mongol people">Mongol</a> troops invaded Song China, the young Emperor fled to the area around <a href="/wiki/Guangdong" title="Guangdong">Guangdong Province</a> and Hong Kong. To serve the Emperor as well as his army, the locals collected all their best food available, cooked it. But there were not enough serving containers available, so they put the resulting meal in large wooden washbasins.<sup id="cite_ref-What_Is_Poon_Choi_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-What_Is_Poon_Choi-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Association_with_the_New_Territories">Association with the New Territories</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poon_choi&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Association with the New Territories"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In any event, Poon choi is associated with the early settlers of the <a href="/wiki/New_Territories" title="New Territories">New Territories</a>, who had been driven south of the mainland by a series of barbarian invasions in China between the 13th and 17th centuries.<sup id="cite_ref-purely_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-purely-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-immersivemuseums_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-immersivemuseums-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Walled village culture is well preserved in the New Territories and Poon choi gradually became a traditional dish of the walled villages.<sup id="cite_ref-y1.hk_puntsoi_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-y1.hk_puntsoi-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As Poon choi is a large dish portioned to be suitable for a communal meal, it was served whenever there were celebrations connected with rituals, weddings, festivals, ancestor worship and other local events as an expression of village dining culture.<sup id="cite_ref-y1.hk_puntsoi_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-y1.hk_puntsoi-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ingredients">Ingredients</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poon_choi&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Ingredients"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Poon choi includes ingredients such as pork, beef, <a href="/wiki/Lamb_and_mutton" title="Lamb and mutton">lamb</a>, chicken, <a href="/wiki/Duck_as_food" title="Duck as food">duck</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abalone" title="Abalone">abalone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ginseng" title="Ginseng">ginseng</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shark_finning" title="Shark finning">shark fin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fish_maw" class="mw-redirect" title="Fish maw">fish maw</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shrimp_and_prawn_as_food" title="Shrimp and prawn as food">prawn</a>, crab, dried <a href="/wiki/Edible_mushroom" title="Edible mushroom">mushroom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fishball" class="mw-redirect" title="Fishball">fishballs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Squid_as_food" title="Squid as food">squid</a>, dried <a href="/wiki/Eel_as_food" title="Eel as food">eel</a>, dried <a href="/wiki/Shrimp_and_prawn_as_food" title="Shrimp and prawn as food">shrimp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pork_rinds" class="mw-redirect" title="Pork rinds">pigskin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chicken_feet" title="Chicken feet">chicken feet</a>, duck feet, goose feet, <a href="/wiki/Bean_curd" class="mw-redirect" title="Bean curd">bean curd</a> and Chinese white <a href="/wiki/Radish" title="Radish">radish</a>. </p><p>Out of respect to their guests the villagers put only a relatively small amount of vegetables in Poon choi.<sup id="cite_ref-hkfsta_article8_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hkfsta_article8-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To walled villagers, vegetables are not highly valued ingredients.<sup id="cite_ref-hkfsta_article8_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hkfsta_article8-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In order to offer the best food during important annual events, villagers prefer to include mostly meat and seafood in Poon choi.<sup id="cite_ref-hkfsta_article8_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hkfsta_article8-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Preparation_of_ingredients">Preparation of ingredients</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poon_choi&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Preparation of ingredients"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Three days are traditionally required for preparing and cooking the meal. </p><p><b>The first day</b>: A trip to the mountains is required to gather firewood, which must be chopped to size. <br /> In ancient times when people did not have <a href="/wiki/Liquefied_petroleum_gas" title="Liquefied petroleum gas">liquefied petroleum gas</a>, plenty of firewood had to be available to cook all the food. Today, there are still many walled villages that adhere to the use of wood for fuel because the residents believe that liquefied petroleum gas is less strong and does not supply as much heat or last as long as firewood. Only a wood fire is believed to produce the real flavour of the dish. </p><p><b>The second day</b>: Buy plenty of fresh ingredients<br /> The walled village uses fresh ingredients, rarely frozen or refrigerated products, to make Poon choi. This is because these rural communities do not have refrigerators. It is also believed that only fresh ingredients can produce fresh and delicious Poon choi. Since traditional Poon choi is used for festive banquets in ancestral halls, it is considered disrespectful to the ancestors and gods if canned, frozen, or ready-to-eat products are used in its preparation. </p><p><b>The third day</b>: Stew the pork<br /> It takes a full day to achieve the desired taste so the stewing of the pork starts early in the morning. The Ancients cooked Weitou pork for at least 10 hours in order for the ‘half fat-half lean’ pork bellies to become tender and tasty. </p><p>A few decades ago, preparing Poon choi was considered a test for chefs because the long cooking time on a wooden stove required a great deal of patience and stove control.<sup id="cite_ref-hkfsta_article8_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hkfsta_article8-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Layering">Layering</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poon_choi&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Layering"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Attentive layering of the ingredients contributes to the taste of the whole dish. </p><p><b>Appearance</b><br /> Poon choi is special in that it is composed of many layers of different ingredients. Traditionally, it is also eaten layer by layer instead of first "stirring everything up", although impatient diners may first snatch the popular daikon radish at the bottom with the help of the shared serving <a href="/wiki/Chopsticks" title="Chopsticks">chopsticks</a>. </p><p>Ingredients such as Chinese radishes, pigskins and bean curd are placed in the bottom of the container. In the middle of the dish there are usually pork and Chinese dried mushrooms. On the top, meat, seafood, and rare ingredients like abalone and sea cucumber are to be found.<sup id="cite_ref-What_Is_Poon_Choi_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-What_Is_Poon_Choi-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It contributes to the attractiveness of Poon choi if dried noodles with egg are put on top to symbolise a crown.<sup id="cite_ref-What_Is_Poon_Choi_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-What_Is_Poon_Choi-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Taste</b><br /> Relatively dry ingredients such as seafood are placed on the top while other ingredients that can absorb sauce well are assigned to the bottom of the basin. This allows sauces to flow down to the bottom of the basin as people start eating from the top.<sup id="cite_ref-immersivemuseums_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-immersivemuseums-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultural_aspects">Cultural aspects</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poon_choi&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Cultural aspects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Poon choi is often served during religious <a href="/wiki/Ritual" title="Ritual">rituals</a>, festivals, special occasions and wedding banquets in the open areas of villages. From the 1990s, It became popular among urban dwellers as well and it can be enjoyed at many <a href="/wiki/Cantonese_restaurant" title="Cantonese restaurant">Cantonese restaurants</a> in the autumn and winter or on special occasions throughout the year. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cultural_values_in_the_walled_villages">Cultural values in the walled villages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poon_choi&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Cultural values in the walled villages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>1. Showing gratitude to ancestors</b><br /> The fact that villagers use only the best and freshest ingredients is a way they pay respect to their ancestors.<sup id="cite_ref-hkfsta_article8_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hkfsta_article8-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This behaviour illustrates the character of traditional Chinese people, who keep their ancestors in mind and remain grateful to them. It also reflects their reputation of being very hospitable.<sup id="cite_ref-hkfsta_article8_7-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hkfsta_article8-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>2. Teamwork and unity</b><br /> Poon choi requires much manpower to prepare and cook the ingredients. So whenever there are any major events, respected villagers become the main chefs, leading and instructing the rest of the village in preparing the meal. In other words, cooking Poon choi requires teamwork among villagers, which unites them.<sup id="cite_ref-immersivemuseums_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-immersivemuseums-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>3. Family lineages</b><br /> It is also noteworthy that different walled villages have different cooking method for preparing Poon choi in keeping with their own customs. The Poon choi recipes of every village are kept secret and not divulged to people who do not belong to the village. The recipe is regarded as a village inheritance passed from villager to villager and father to son over generations. Poon choi is thus a symbol of the continuity of the village and local family lineages.<sup id="cite_ref-hkfsta_article8_7-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hkfsta_article8-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>4. Equality</b><br /> Enjoying Poon choi demonstrates equality because the rich and the poor eat it together. There is no complicated etiquette, everyone can join in.<sup id="cite_ref-Meimei_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meimei-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>5. Signaling</b><br /> If villagers do not hold a Poon choi feast, it means, for example, that a village does not approve of or accept a particular marriage.<sup id="cite_ref-Meimei_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meimei-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Manner_of_eating">Manner of eating</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poon_choi&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Manner of eating"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Traditional Poon choi is served in a big wooden basin. There is one on each table and every person at the table takes food from the basin, layer by layer, from the top to the bottom. </p><p>Today, people use 'Gun Fai' (clean chopsticks used to move food from serving basin to personal bowl) to get the food. This more hygienic practice allows the diner to pick out particular pieces of food from the bottom of the serving basin as well.<sup id="cite_ref-purely_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-purely-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is also becoming more acceptable to use these chopsticks to mix and turn over the food. Symbolic meanings are attached to this new custom: it causes people to work together, and it is an attempt to encourage fortune and luck coming to them.<sup id="cite_ref-hkfsta_article8_7-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hkfsta_article8-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Poon_Choi_Characteristics">Poon Choi Characteristics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poon_choi&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Poon Choi Characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Poon choi is a traditional <a href="/wiki/Food_system" title="Food system">food system</a> in the walled villages. Whether it is festival celebration or worship ancestors, it is related to Poon choi. The villagers' gathering of basin meal is a crucial process in “confirmation of identity". Any family with a boy newly born will light up a lamp in the ancestral hall and invite the villagers to participate in the “lamp gathering", that is a Poon choi feast to celebrate the new male. After the ceremony was completed, the newborn male was officially recognized as a member of the village and had the right to inherit the property. As for the wedding tradition, the couple will raise a day to invite relatives to the Poon choi feast, which implies they are recognized the marriage. Also, after the spring and autumn ancestral worship, they reunited and ate Poon choi together.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Poon choi is symbolized to "unity". In the traditional Poon choi feast, people are not sent the invitation cards to the villagers. Only a red notice of the Poon Choi feast will be posted at the door of the village, their relatives and friends will naturally come to this festival. The villagers used the Poon choi feast to reach the whole village without any distinction, becoming an individual, united and harmonious. This symbolic meaning has been passed down to the present day, Poon choi is no longer limited in the walled village. It has been widely developed in Hong Kong, people will eat Poon choi during the Chinese New Year and other dinner party.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_Poon_choi">Modern Poon choi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poon_choi&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Modern Poon choi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reasons_for_popularity">Reasons for popularity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poon_choi&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Reasons for popularity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Poon choi meals are becoming more and more popular, one of the reasons being promotion by mass media, which widely publicise Poon choi events, such as the 1997 large-scale Poon choi banquet, and the Poon Choi banquet held by Heung Yee Kuk. Another reason is the economic downturn. Since Poon choi contains a large amount of many ingredients, Hong Kong people think the cost is lower than other types of restaurant meals. Poon choi also represents Hong Kong's food culture and creativity. Although it is a traditional cuisine of Hong Kong walled villages the ingredients have changed over the past decades and become more diversified to suit peoples' varying palates and tastes.<sup id="cite_ref-Meimei_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meimei-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nowadays, Poon Choi stores are being launched in the urban districts. To maintain their competitiveness, these stores provide various conveniences and varieties to fulfill consumer needs and wants. They also invest the name Poon choi with meanings mostly symbolic of fortune as a gimmick to attract people.<sup id="cite_ref-Meimei_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meimei-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Location">Location</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poon_choi&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Location"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the past, citizens had to take the time to visit the walled villages in order to enjoy Poon choi. It was of course also a valuable opportunity for them to escape the hustle and bustle of the city for a while. </p><p>Nowadays, eating Poon choi is not only limited to people living in or visiting walled villages. During festivals, urban citizens can now enjoy Poon choi from Chinese fast food restaurant, such as Café de Coral, Fairwood.<sup id="cite_ref-hkfsta_article8_7-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hkfsta_article8-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Even when it is not festival time, residents can also purchase Poon choi in some specialised stores, like 八味香帝皇盆菜專門店,<sup id="cite_ref-8mei.com.hk_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8mei.com.hk-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 洪運正宗盆菜,<sup id="cite_ref-hkwm.com_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hkwm.com-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Poon choi has become a meal that people can enjoy anywhere and anytime. </p><p>In 2003, a Poon choi feast was held in the former Kai Tak airport. It had 660 tables, seating 12 people per table; together with the staff a total of nearly ten thousand people participated.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This event broke the world record for the highest number of people gathered to eating Poon choi.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Convenience">Convenience</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poon_choi&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Convenience"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Delivery service is provided so that the stores can ensure that all people, especially those living far away, can enjoy Poon choi and purchase it from a store. Delivery service is no doubt convenient when there are activities organised by local organisations or the government which feature a Poon choi feast. As these customers order bulk amounts, the stores give discounts or provide free materials, like tables, a gas stove, and tableware together with the Poon choi. </p><p>Ordering by phone or online enables customers to conveniently order Poon choi, since it eliminate the need for them to take time to visit the stores. The stores immediately start preparation once they have received the order, increasing efficiency. </p><p>The advertising leaflets from these stores usually offer customers a choice of big, medium and small amounts of Poon choi. With standard quantities and prices, people can easily determine how much they wish to order.<sup id="cite_ref-8mei.com.hk_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8mei.com.hk-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Standardisation also reduces conflicts between the store and customers. </p><p>At present, stores use an aluminium foil cover to retain the heat of the wrapped Poon choi. Together with a large plastic bag with handles to bear the weight, this meal can easily be transported. No doubt these innovations ease the burden on customers in a hurry.<sup id="cite_ref-y1.hk_puntsoi_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-y1.hk_puntsoi-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Different from traditional reheating methods, nowadays restaurants use a portable gas stove to warm the Poon choi before it is served.<sup id="cite_ref-hkfsta_article8_7-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hkfsta_article8-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It can also be used at a table to maintain the warmth continuously and hence guarantee the quality and taste. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Variety">Variety</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poon_choi&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Variety"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the past, people ate Poon choi with rice only, but now they have more choices. They may choose other carbohydrates, like noodles or <a href="/wiki/Udon" title="Udon">udon</a>, depending on their eating habits. </p><p>Providing a variety of price categories<sup id="cite_ref-8mei.com.hk_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8mei.com.hk-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> allows people also to choose the diversity of delicacies which they can afford. Relatively high priced Poon choi includes luxury food such as abalones, shark fin, oyster, which people may select to gain honour by showing that they are generous and wealthy. Those who prefer a reasonable price can have a tasty meal with more common ingredients. </p><p>As an international hub, Hong Kong can provide diners with a variety of flavours. There is now available Japanese Poon choi, curry Poon choi, Western Poon choi, and vegetarian Poon choi, all in a bid to fulfill different needs and wants of customers, whether locals or tourists.<sup id="cite_ref-hkfsta_article8_7-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hkfsta_article8-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poon_choi&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_Hong_Kong" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuisine of Hong Kong">Cuisine of Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sung_Wong_Toi" title="Sung Wong Toi">Sung Wong Toi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wen_Tianxiang" title="Wen Tianxiang">Wen Tianxiang</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poon_choi&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFTim_WinterPeggy_TeoT.C._Chang2008" class="citation book cs1">Tim Winter; Peggy Teo; T.C. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wordpress.com.com&rft.atitle=Poon+Choi+%28Giant+Basin+Feast%29+%E2%80%93+intangible+heritage+in+Hong+Kong&rft.date=2010-09-23&rft.au=Siu+Chui+Yi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fimmersivemuseums.wordpress.com%2F2010%2F09%2F23%2Fpoon-choi-giant-basin-feast-intangible-heritage-in-hong-kong%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APoon+choi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-y1.hk_puntsoi-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-y1.hk_puntsoi_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-y1.hk_puntsoi_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-y1.hk_puntsoi_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100717074000/http://www.y1.hk/puntsoi/index.htm">"長年「盤滿缽滿」食「盆菜」"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.y1.hk/puntsoi/index.htm">the original</a> on 17 July 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E9%95%B7%E5%B9%B4%E3%80%8C+%E7%9B%A4%E6%BB%BF%E7%BC%BD%E6%BB%BF+%E3%80%8D%E9%A3%9F+%E3%80%8C+%E7%9B%86%E8%8F%9C+%E3%80%8D&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.y1.hk%2Fpuntsoi%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APoon+choi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yl.hk/history/6.htm">"元朗六鄉 + 屯門"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E5%85%83%E6%9C%97%E5%85%AD%E9%84%89+%2B+%E5%B1%AF%E9%96%80&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yl.hk%2Fhistory%2F6.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APoon+choi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hkfsta_article8-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hkfsta_article8_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hkfsta_article8_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hkfsta_article8_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hkfsta_article8_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hkfsta_article8_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hkfsta_article8_7-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hkfsta_article8_7-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hkfsta_article8_7-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hkfsta_article8_7-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hkfsta_article8_7-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hkfsta_article8_7-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130106073808/http://www.hkfsta.com.hk/articles/special/article8.htm">"香港盆菜淵源、文化和演變"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hkfsta.com.hk/articles/special/article8.htm">the original</a> on 6 January 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E7%9B%86%E8%8F%9C%E6%B7%B5%E6%BA%90%E3%80%81%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E5%92%8C%E6%BC%94%E8%AE%8A&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hkfsta.com.hk%2Farticles%2Fspecial%2Farticle8.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APoon+choi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Meimei-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Meimei_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Meimei_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Meimei_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Meimei_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTai2006" class="citation book cs1">Tai, zuo zhe Wu Meimei ; zhu bian Li (2006). <i>Xianggang jie qing feng su mei shi : pen cai, jiu da gui, su cai</i> (Chu ban. ed.). [Xianggang]: Zhonghua wen jiao jiao liu fu wu zhong xin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/988-98915-1-4" title="Special:BookSources/988-98915-1-4"><bdi>988-98915-1-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Xianggang+jie+qing+feng+su+mei+shi+%3A+pen+cai%2C+jiu+da+gui%2C+su+cai&rft.place=%5BXianggang%5D&rft.edition=Chu+ban.&rft.pub=Zhonghua+wen+jiao+jiao+liu+fu+wu+zhong+xin&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=988-98915-1-4&rft.aulast=Tai&rft.aufirst=zuo+zhe+Wu+Meimei+%3B+zhu+bian+Li&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APoon+choi" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lee, Tze Leung. “RTHK 31 Hong Kong Heritage - Poon Choi – Eating From the Same Basin.” TV| Hong Kong Connection, Radio Television Hong Kong, 17 Jan. 2019, www.rthk.hk/tv/dtt31/programme/hkheritage2018_eng/episode/542159?lang=en.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chan, Kwok Shing. "Traditionality and Hybridity: A Village Cuisine in Metropolitan Hong Kong." Visual Anthropology 24, no. 1-2 (2010): 171-88.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8mei.com.hk-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-8mei.com.hk_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-8mei.com.hk_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-8mei.com.hk_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.8mei.com.hk/">"八味香帝皇盆菜專門店"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E5%85%AB%E5%91%B3%E9%A6%99%E5%B8%9D%E7%9A%87%E7%9B%86%E8%8F%9C%E5%B0%88%E9%96%80%E5%BA%97&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.8mei.com.hk%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APoon+choi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hkwm.com-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hkwm.com_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hkwm.com/main_c/service/hungwen/out.html">"洪運正宗盆菜"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E6%B4%AA%E9%81%8B%E6%AD%A3%E5%AE%97%E7%9B%86%E8%8F%9C&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hkwm.com%2Fmain_c%2Fservice%2Fhungwen%2Fout.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APoon+choi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">simple arithmetic 660 x 12 = 7920</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gb.cri.cn/41/2003/12/28/106@31420.htm">"香港举行"万人盆菜宴" 打破世界纪录(图)"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E4%B8%BE%E8%A1%8C%22%E4%B8%87%E4%BA%BA%E7%9B%86%E8%8F%9C%E5%AE%B4%22+%E6%89%93%E7%A0%B4%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E7%BA%AA%E5%BD%95%28%E5%9B%BE%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgb.cri.cn%2F41%2F2003%2F12%2F28%2F106%4031420.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APoon+choi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hakka_cuisine" title="Template:Hakka cuisine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hakka_cuisine" title="Template talk:Hakka cuisine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hakka_cuisine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hakka cuisine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hakka_cuisine" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hakka_cuisine" title="Hakka cuisine">Hakka cuisine</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jiaozi" title="Jiaozi">Jiaozi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lei_cha" title="Lei cha">Lei cha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yong_tau_foo" title="Yong tau foo">Yong tau foo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Choi_pan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Choi pan (page does not exist)">Choi pan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suan_cai" title="Suan cai">Ham choi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hee_pan" title="Hee pan">Hee pan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salt-baked_chicken&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salt-baked chicken (page does not exist)">Salt-baked chicken</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kiu_nyuk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kiu nyuk (page does not exist)">Kiu nyuk</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Poon choi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_cuisine" title="Hong Kong cuisine">Hong Kong cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macanese_cuisine" title="Macanese cuisine">Macanese cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_cuisine" title="Chinese cuisine">Chinese cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Chinese_cuisine" title="History of Chinese cuisine">History of Chinese cuisine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hong_Kong_cuisine" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hong_Kong_cuisine" title="Template:Hong Kong cuisine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hong_Kong_cuisine" title="Template talk:Hong Kong cuisine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hong_Kong_cuisine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hong Kong cuisine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hong_Kong_cuisine" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_cuisine" title="Hong Kong cuisine">Hong Kong cuisine</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Food</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Almond_biscuit" title="Almond biscuit">Almond biscuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Almond_jelly" class="mw-redirect" title="Almond jelly">Almond jelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakkwa" title="Bakkwa">Bakkwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banana_roll" title="Banana roll">Banana roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bao_yu" class="mw-redirect" title="Bao yu">Bao yu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beef_ball" title="Beef ball">Beef ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beef_bun" title="Beef bun">Beef bun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beef_chow_fun" title="Beef chow fun">Beef chow fun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bird%27s_nest_soup" class="mw-redirect" title="Bird's nest soup">Bird's nest soup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biscuit_roll" class="mw-redirect" title="Biscuit roll">Biscuit roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddha%27s_delight" title="Buddha's delight">Buddha's delight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cart_noodle" title="Cart noodle">Cart noodle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cha_siu_bao" title="Cha siu bao">Cha siu bao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Char_siu" title="Char siu">Char siu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_herb_tea" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese herb tea">Chinese herb tea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_sausage" title="Chinese sausage">Chinese sausage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocktail_bun" title="Cocktail bun">Cocktail bun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coconut_bar" title="Coconut bar">Coconut bar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congee" title="Congee">Congee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cream_bun" title="Cream bun">Cream bun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crispy_fried_chicken" title="Crispy fried chicken">Crispy fried chicken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deuk_Deuk_Tong" title="Deuk Deuk Tong">Deuk Deuk Tong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dim_sum" title="Dim sum">Dim sum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douhua" title="Douhua">Douhua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dried_shredded_squid" title="Dried shredded squid">Dried shredded squid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egg_tart" title="Egg tart">Egg tart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egg_waffle" title="Egg waffle">Egg waffle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_ball" title="Fish ball">Fish ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishcake" title="Fishcake">Fishcake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baked_Alaska" title="Baked Alaska">Flame on the iceberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Got_fan" class="mw-redirect" title="Got fan">Got fan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ham_and_egg_bun" title="Ham and egg bun">Ham and egg bun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haw_flakes" title="Haw flakes">Haw flakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honey_walnut_shrimp" title="Honey walnut shrimp">Honey walnut shrimp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong-style_milk_tea" class="mw-redirect" title="Hong Kong-style milk tea">Hong Kong-style milk tea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_pot" title="Hot pot">Hot pot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerky_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jerky (food)">Jerky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jin_deui" class="mw-redirect" title="Jin deui">Jin deui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kai-lan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kai-lan">Kai-lan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lai_fun" title="Lai fun">Lai fun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mango_pomelo_sago" title="Mango pomelo sago">Mango pomelo sago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mango_pudding" title="Mango pudding">Mango pudding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuomici" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuomici">Nuomici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ox-tongue_pastry" title="Ox-tongue pastry">Ox-tongue pastry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paper_wrapped_cake" title="Paper wrapped cake">Paper wrapped cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peanut_butter_bun" title="Peanut butter bun">Peanut butter bun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pineapple_bun" title="Pineapple bun">Pineapple bun</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Poon choi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Put_chai_ko" title="Put chai ko">Put chai ko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapeseed" title="Rapeseed">Rapeseed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_bean_ice" title="Red bean ice">Red bean ice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rice_noodle_roll" title="Rice noodle roll">Rice noodle roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roast_goose" title="Roast goose">Roast goose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siu_yuk" title="Siu yuk">Roasted pig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rousong" class="mw-redirect" title="Rousong">Rousong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saang_mein" title="Saang mein">Saang mein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sausage_bun" class="mw-redirect" title="Sausage bun">Sausage bun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_cucumber_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sea cucumber (food)">Sea cucumber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seafood_birdsnest" title="Seafood birdsnest">Seafood birdsnest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shahe_fen" title="Shahe fen">Shahe fen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore_style_noodles" class="mw-redirect" title="Singapore style noodles">Singapore style noodles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siu_mei" title="Siu mei">Siu mei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steamed_meatball" title="Steamed meatball">Steamed meatball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrimp_roe_noodles" title="Shrimp roe noodles">Shrimp roe noodles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shumai" title="Shumai">Shumai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorrowful_Rice" title="Sorrowful Rice">Sorrowful Rice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stinky_tofu" title="Stinky tofu">Stinky tofu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweetheart_cake" title="Sweetheart cake">Sweetheart cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_wing" title="Swiss wing">Swiss wing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tang_bu_shuai" title="Tang bu shuai">Tang bu shuai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taro_cake" title="Taro cake">Taro cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taro_dumpling" title="Taro dumpling">Taro dumpling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_egg" title="Tea egg">Tea egg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tofu_skin_roll" title="Tofu skin roll">Tofu skin roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_caltrop" title="Water caltrop">Water caltrop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_chestnut_cake" title="Water chestnut cake">Water chestnut cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_boiled_shrimp" title="White boiled shrimp">White boiled shrimp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_cut_chicken" title="White cut chicken">White cut chicken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_sugar_sponge_cake" title="White sugar sponge cake">White sugar sponge cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wonton" title="Wonton">Wonton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wonton_noodle" class="mw-redirect" title="Wonton noodle">Wonton noodle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XO_sauce" title="XO sauce">XO sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeung_Chow_fried_rice" class="mw-redirect" title="Yeung Chow fried rice">Yeung Chow fried rice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yi_mein" title="Yi mein">Yi mein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yin_Yang_Fried_Rice" class="mw-redirect" title="Yin Yang Fried Rice">Yin Yang Fried Rice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuenyeung" title="Yuenyeung">Yuenyeung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zha_cai" title="Zha cai">Zha cai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhaliang" title="Zhaliang">Zhaliang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Banquet_(1991_film)" title="The Banquet (1991 film)">The Banquet</a></i> (1991)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shogun_and_Little_Kitchen" title="Shogun and Little Kitchen">Shogun and Little Kitchen</a></i> (1992)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Chinese_Feast" title="The Chinese Feast">The Chinese Feast</a></i> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_God_of_Cookery" title="The God of Cookery">The God of Cookery</a></i> (1996)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Osaka_Wrestling_Restaurant" title="Osaka Wrestling Restaurant">Osaka Wrestling Restaurant</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kung_Fu_Chefs" title="Kung Fu Chefs">Kung Fu Chefs</a></i> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">TV series</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Magic_Chef_(TV_series)" title="Magic Chef (TV series)">Magic Chef</a></i> (2005)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_tea_culture" title="Hong Kong tea culture">Hong Kong tea culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siu_yeh" title="Siu yeh">Siu yeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_bowl_with_two_pieces" title="One bowl with two pieces">One bowl with two pieces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underground_restaurant" title="Underground restaurant">Private kitchens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yum_cha" title="Yum cha">Yum cha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cha_chaan_teng" title="Cha chaan teng">Cha chaan teng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dai_pai_dong" title="Dai pai dong">Dai pai dong</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_cuisine" title="Beijing cuisine">Beijing cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantonese_cuisine" title="Cantonese cuisine">Cantonese cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_cuisine" title="Shanghai cuisine">Shanghai cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macanese_cuisine" title="Macanese cuisine">Macanese cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_cuisine" title="Chinese cuisine">Chinese cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Chinese_cuisine" title="History of Chinese cuisine">History of Chinese cuisine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    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