CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en-US" xml:lang="en-US"> <head profile="http://gmpg.org/xfn/11"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,maximum-scale=1" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://journals.aas.org/wp-content/themes/aasjournals/css/reset.css"/> <link href="https://journals.aas.org/wp-content/themes/aasjournals/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">  <link href="https://journals.aas.org/wp-content/themes/aasjournals/css/fontawesome.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' />  <title>Terms - AAS Journals</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://journals.aas.org/terms/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Terms - AAS Journals" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://journals.aas.org/terms/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="AAS Journals" /> <meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/AmericanAstronomicalSociety" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2018-09-18T11:43:27+00:00" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@AAS_Publishing" /> <meta name="twitter:label1" content="Est. reading time" /> <meta name="twitter:data1" content="8 minutes" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://journals.aas.org/terms/","url":"https://journals.aas.org/terms/","name":"Terms - AAS Journals","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://journals.aas.org/#website"},"datePublished":"2018-07-27T15:11:04+00:00","dateModified":"2018-09-18T11:43:27+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://journals.aas.org/terms/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://journals.aas.org/terms/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://journals.aas.org/terms/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://journals.aas.org/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Terms"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://journals.aas.org/#website","url":"https://journals.aas.org/","name":"AAS Journals","description":"Journals | American Astronomical Society","publisher":{"@id":"https://journals.aas.org/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://journals.aas.org/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://journals.aas.org/#organization","name":"AAS","url":"https://journals.aas.org/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://journals.aas.org/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://journals.aas.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/AAS-Publishing-2-black.png","contentUrl":"https://journals.aas.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/AAS-Publishing-2-black.png","width":2040,"height":390,"caption":"AAS"},"image":{"@id":"https://journals.aas.org/#/schema/logo/image/"},"sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/AmericanAstronomicalSociety","https://x.com/AAS_Publishing","https://www.instagram.com/aas_office/","https://www.linkedin.com/company/american-astronomical-society/"]}]}</script>  <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//www.googletagmanager.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//fonts.googleapis.com' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="AAS Journals » Feed" href="https://journals.aas.org/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="AAS Journals » Comments Feed" href="https://journals.aas.org/comments/feed/" />  <script src="//www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-F747N6BYNY" data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript" async></script> <script data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript"> var mi_version = '9.2.0'; var mi_track_user = true; var mi_no_track_reason = ''; var MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations = {"page_location":"https:\/\/journals.aas.org\/terms\/"}; if ( typeof MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter === 'function' ) { var MonsterInsightsLocations = (typeof MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery === 'object') ? MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter( MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery ) : MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter( MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations ); } else { var MonsterInsightsLocations = (typeof MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery === 'object') ? MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery : MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations; } var disableStrs = [ 'ga-disable-G-F747N6BYNY', ]; /* Function to detect opted out users */ function __gtagTrackerIsOptedOut() { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { if (document.cookie.indexOf(disableStrs[index] + '=true') > -1) { return true; } } return false; } /* Disable tracking if the opt-out cookie exists. */ if (__gtagTrackerIsOptedOut()) { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { window[disableStrs[index]] = true; } } /* Opt-out function */ function __gtagTrackerOptout() { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { document.cookie = disableStrs[index] + '=true; expires=Thu, 31 Dec 2099 23:59:59 UTC; path=/'; window[disableStrs[index]] = true; } } if ('undefined' === typeof gaOptout) { function gaOptout() { __gtagTrackerOptout(); } } window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.MonsterInsightsDualTracker = { helpers: {}, trackers: {}, }; if (mi_track_user) { function __gtagDataLayer() { dataLayer.push(arguments); } function __gtagTracker(type, name, parameters) { if (!parameters) { parameters = {}; } if (parameters.send_to) { __gtagDataLayer.apply(null, arguments); return; } if (type === 'event') { parameters.send_to = monsterinsights_frontend.v4_id; var hookName = name; if (typeof parameters['event_category'] !== 'undefined') { hookName = parameters['event_category'] + ':' + name; } if (typeof MonsterInsightsDualTracker.trackers[hookName] !== 'undefined') { MonsterInsightsDualTracker.trackers[hookName](parameters); } else { __gtagDataLayer('event', name, parameters); } } else { __gtagDataLayer.apply(null, arguments); } } __gtagTracker('js', new Date()); __gtagTracker('set', { 'developer_id.dZGIzZG': true, }); if ( MonsterInsightsLocations.page_location ) { __gtagTracker('set', MonsterInsightsLocations); } __gtagTracker('config', 'G-F747N6BYNY', {"forceSSL":"true"} ); window.gtag = __gtagTracker; (function () { /* https://developers.google.com/analytics/devguides/collection/analyticsjs/ */ /* ga and __gaTracker compatibility shim. */ var noopfn = function () { return null; }; var newtracker = function () { return new Tracker(); }; var Tracker = function () { return null; }; var p = Tracker.prototype; p.get = noopfn; p.set = noopfn; p.send = function () { var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments); args.unshift('send'); __gaTracker.apply(null, args); }; var __gaTracker = function () { var len = arguments.length; if (len === 0) { return; } var f = arguments[len - 1]; if (typeof f !== 'object' || f === null || typeof f.hitCallback !== 'function') { if ('send' === arguments[0]) { var hitConverted, hitObject = false, action; if ('event' === arguments[1]) { if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[3]) { hitObject = { 'eventAction': arguments[3], 'eventCategory': arguments[2], 'eventLabel': arguments[4], 'value': arguments[5] ? arguments[5] : 1, } } } if ('pageview' === arguments[1]) { if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[2]) { hitObject = { 'eventAction': 'page_view', 'page_path': arguments[2], } } } if (typeof arguments[2] === 'object') { hitObject = arguments[2]; } if (typeof arguments[5] === 'object') { Object.assign(hitObject, arguments[5]); } if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[1].hitType) { hitObject = arguments[1]; if ('pageview' === hitObject.hitType) { hitObject.eventAction = 'page_view'; } } if (hitObject) { action = 'timing' === arguments[1].hitType ? 'timing_complete' : hitObject.eventAction; hitConverted = mapArgs(hitObject); __gtagTracker('event', action, hitConverted); } } return; } function mapArgs(args) { var arg, hit = {}; var gaMap = { 'eventCategory': 'event_category', 'eventAction': 'event_action', 'eventLabel': 'event_label', 'eventValue': 'event_value', 'nonInteraction': 'non_interaction', 'timingCategory': 'event_category', 'timingVar': 'name', 'timingValue': 'value', 'timingLabel': 'event_label', 'page': 'page_path', 'location': 'page_location', 'title': 'page_title', 'referrer' : 'page_referrer', }; for (arg in args) { if (!(!args.hasOwnProperty(arg) || !gaMap.hasOwnProperty(arg))) { hit[gaMap[arg]] = args[arg]; } else { hit[arg] = args[arg]; } } return hit; } try { f.hitCallback(); } catch (ex) { } }; __gaTracker.create = newtracker; __gaTracker.getByName = newtracker; __gaTracker.getAll = function () { return []; }; __gaTracker.remove = noopfn; __gaTracker.loaded = true; window['__gaTracker'] = __gaTracker; })(); } else { console.log(""); (function () { function __gtagTracker() { return null; } window['__gtagTracker'] = __gtagTracker; window['gtag'] = __gtagTracker; })(); } </script>  <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/journals.aas.org\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.6.2"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); /* ]]> */ </script> <link rel='stylesheet' id='aasjournals-theme-css' href='https://journals.aas.org/wp-content/themes/aasjournals/style.css?ver=2.6.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='layerslider-css' href='https://journals.aas.org/wp-content/plugins/LayerSlider/static/css/layerslider.css?ver=5.6.9' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='ls-google-fonts-css' href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lato:100,300,regular,700,900%7COpen+Sans:300%7CIndie+Flower:regular%7COswald:300,regular,700&subset=latin%2Clatin-ext' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='contact-form-7-css' href='https://journals.aas.org/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/includes/css/styles.css?ver=5.9.8' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='contact-form-7-inline-css' type='text/css'> .wpcf7 .wpcf7-recaptcha iframe {margin-bottom: 0;}.wpcf7 .wpcf7-recaptcha[data-align="center"] > div {margin: 0 auto;}.wpcf7 .wpcf7-recaptcha[data-align="right"] > div {margin: 0 0 0 auto;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='js_composer_front-css' href='https://journals.aas.org/wp-content/plugins/js_composer/assets/css/js_composer.min.css?ver=7.6' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://journals.aas.org/wp-content/plugins/google-analytics-for-wordpress/assets/js/frontend-gtag.min.js?ver=9.2.0" id="monsterinsights-frontend-script-js" async="async" data-wp-strategy="async"></script> <script data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript" id='monsterinsights-frontend-script-js-extra'>/* <![CDATA[ */ var monsterinsights_frontend = {"js_events_tracking":"true","download_extensions":"doc,pdf,ppt,zip,xls,docx,pptx,xlsx","inbound_paths":"[]","home_url":"https:\/\/journals.aas.org","hash_tracking":"false","v4_id":"G-F747N6BYNY"};/* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://journals.aas.org/wp-content/plugins/LayerSlider/static/js/greensock.js?ver=1.11.8" id="greensock-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://journals.aas.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://journals.aas.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="layerslider-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var LS_Meta = {"v":"5.6.9"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://journals.aas.org/wp-content/plugins/LayerSlider/static/js/layerslider.kreaturamedia.jquery.js?ver=5.6.9" id="layerslider-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://journals.aas.org/wp-content/plugins/LayerSlider/static/js/layerslider.transitions.js?ver=5.6.9" id="layerslider-transitions-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-7341249-15&ver=6.6.2" id="wk-analytics-script-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wk-analytics-script-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ function shouldTrack(){ var trackLoggedIn = false; var loggedIn = false; if(!loggedIn){ return true; } else if( trackLoggedIn ) { return true; } return false; } function hasWKGoogleAnalyticsCookie() { return (new RegExp('wp_wk_ga_untrack_' + document.location.hostname)).test(document.cookie); } if (!hasWKGoogleAnalyticsCookie() && shouldTrack()) { //Google Analytics window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'UA-7341249-15', { 'anonymize_ip': true }); } /* ]]> */ </script>  <script></script><meta name="generator" content="Powered by LayerSlider 5.6.9 - Multi-Purpose, Responsive, Parallax, Mobile-Friendly Slider Plugin for WordPress." />  <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://journals.aas.org/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://journals.aas.org/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/96" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://journals.aas.org/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://journals.aas.org/?p=96' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://journals.aas.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fjournals.aas.org%2Fterms%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://journals.aas.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fjournals.aas.org%2Fterms%2F&format=xml" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://journals.aas.org/wp-content/themes/aasjournals/images/favicon.ico" /> <link rel="pingback" href="https://journals.aas.org/xmlrpc.php" />  <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-5L5HRLB');</script> <meta name="generator" content="Powered by WPBakery Page Builder - drag and drop page builder for WordPress."/> <style type="text/css" id="wp-custom-css"> strong { color: #333333 !important; } a strong{color:#007aa0 !important;} #page-content-wrapper a { text-decoration: underline; } h3.vc_custom_heading a { text-decoration: none !important; } a.vc_general.vc_btn3 { text-decoration: none !important; } a.btn { text-decoration: none !important; } h4 a { text-decoration: none !important; } .wpb_single_image .vc_figure-caption { font-size: 12px !important; } /* top right menu*/ .header_right ul li {margin-right:10px; padding-right:10px} /*visit journals button on journal pages*/ .visit-button a { font-size: 14px !important; } .visit-button { margin-top:-15px } #page-content-wrapper { background: #ffffff;} </style> <style type="text/css" data-type="vc_shortcodes-default-css">.vc_do_custom_heading{margin-bottom:0.625rem;margin-top:0;}.vc_do_custom_heading{margin-bottom:0.625rem;margin-top:0;}.vc_do_custom_heading{margin-bottom:0.625rem;margin-top:0;}.vc_do_custom_heading{margin-bottom:0.625rem;margin-top:0;}.vc_do_custom_heading{margin-bottom:0.625rem;margin-top:0;}.vc_do_custom_heading{margin-bottom:0.625rem;margin-top:0;}.vc_do_custom_heading{margin-bottom:0.625rem;margin-top:0;}.vc_do_custom_heading{margin-bottom:0.625rem;margin-top:0;}.vc_do_custom_heading{margin-bottom:0.625rem;margin-top:0;}.vc_do_custom_heading{margin-bottom:0.625rem;margin-top:0;}.vc_do_custom_heading{margin-bottom:0.625rem;margin-top:0;}.vc_do_custom_heading{margin-bottom:0.625rem;margin-top:0;}</style><noscript><style> .wpb_animate_when_almost_visible { opacity: 1; }</style></noscript><link href="https://journals.aas.org/wp-content/themes/aasjournals/css/responsive.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"> <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=PT+Sans:400,400i,700,700i&subset=cyrillic-ext,latin-ext" rel="stylesheet">   <script src="https://journals.aas.org/wp-content/themes/aasjournals/js/bootstrap.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="https://journals.aas.org/wp-content/themes/aasjournals/js/js-functions.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <style type="text/css"> .no-js #loader { display: none; } .js #loader { display: block; position: absolute; left: 100px; top: 0; } .se-pre-con { position: fixed; left: 0px; top: 0px; width: 100%; height: 100%; background: url(https://journals.aas.org/wp-content/themes/aasjournals/images/preloader.png) center no-repeat #fff; z-index: 9999; } </style> <script type="text/javascript"> jQuery( document ).ready( function ( j$ ) { // Animate loader off screen j$( ".se-pre-con" ).fadeOut(); } ); </script> </head> <body class="page-template-default page page-id-96 header-full-width content-sidebar wpb-js-composer js-comp-ver-7.6 vc_responsive"> <div class="se-pre-con"></div> <div class="main inner-page-content">  <div class="header_wrapper">  <nav class="navbar navbar-default"> <div class="container">  <div class="navbar-header"> </div>  <div class="collapse navbar-collapse padd_none" id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-1"> <div class="menu-header-top-container"><ul id="menu-header-top" class="nav navbar-nav"><li id="menu-item-8" class="nav-left menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-8"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://aas.org/"><i class="fas fa-globe-americas"></i> AAS</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9" class="nav-left current-site menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-home menu-item-9"><a href="https://journals.aas.org/">AAS Journals</a></li> <li id="menu-item-10" class="nav-left menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-10"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://baas.aas.org/">BAAS</a></li> <li id="menu-item-11" class="nav-left menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-11"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="/aas-iop-ebooks/">AAS-IOP eBooks</a></li> <li id="menu-item-12" class="nav-left menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-12"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://aasnova.org/">AAS Nova</a></li> <li id="menu-item-948" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-948"><a href="https://journals.aas.org/aastex-package-for-manuscript-preparation/"><i class="fas fa-cog"></i> AASTeX</a></li> <li id="menu-item-14" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-14"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://www.astroexplorer.org/">Astronomy Image Explorer</a></li> <li id="menu-item-15" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-15"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://astrothesaurus.org/">Unified Astronomy Thesaurus</a></li> <li id="menu-item-16" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-16"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLFhVT3VzlwKrArGdcNhtSCF4NbDBd6K5_">YouTube Interviews</a></li> </ul></div> </div>  </div> </nav>  <div class="header"> <div class="header_top"> <div class="container"> <div class="col-md-12 padd_none"> <div class="logo"> <a href="https://journals.aas.org"> <img src="https://journals.aas.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/AAS-Publishing-2-black.png"> </a> </div> <div class="header_right"> <div class="menu-header-right-container"><ul id="menu-header-right" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-3197" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3197"><a href="https://journals.aas.org/submission/">SUBMIT</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3019" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3019"><a href="https://journals.aas.org/author-resources/">Author Tools</a></li> <li id="menu-item-18" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-18"><a href="https://journals.aas.org/why-aas-journals/">About AAS Journals</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3456" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3456"><a href="https://journals.aas.org/policies/">Policies</a></li> </ul></div> <form role="search" method="get" class="header_right_form" action="https://journals.aas.org/"> <input value="" name="s" type="text"> <button type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="navigation"> <div class="container"> <span class="menu-text">Navigate: AAS Journals</span> <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarNav" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> </button> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse padd_none" id="navbarNav"> <div class="menu-primary-container"><ul id="menu-primary" class="navigation-menu"><li id="menu-item-195" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-195"><a href="https://journals.aas.org/astrophysical-journal-letters/">astrophysical<br> journal letters</a></li> <li id="menu-item-194" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-194"><a href="https://journals.aas.org/astronomical-journal/">astronomical<br> journal</a></li> <li id="menu-item-193" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-193"><a href="https://journals.aas.org/astrophysical-journal/">astrophysical<br> journal</a></li> <li id="menu-item-192" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-192"><a href="https://journals.aas.org/astrophysical-supplement-series/">Astrophysical Journal<br> Supplement Series</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1636" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1636"><a href="https://journals.aas.org/planetary-science-journal/">Planetary Science<br>Journal</a></li> <li id="menu-item-191" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-191"><a href="https://journals.aas.org/research-notes/">Research Notes<br>of the AAS</a></li> </ul></div> <div class="menu-mobile-menu-container"><ul id="menu-mobile-menu" class="navigation-menu mobile-menu"><li id="menu-item-274" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-274"><a href="https://journals.aas.org/astrophysical-journal-letters/">Astrophysical Journal Letters</a></li> <li id="menu-item-276" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-276"><a href="https://journals.aas.org/astronomical-journal/">Astronomical Journal</a></li> <li id="menu-item-277" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-277"><a href="https://journals.aas.org/astrophysical-journal/">Astrophysical Journal</a></li> <li id="menu-item-278" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-278"><a href="https://journals.aas.org/astrophysical-supplement-series/">Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series</a></li> <li id="menu-item-1637" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1637"><a href="https://journals.aas.org/planetary-science-journal/">Planetary Science Journal</a></li> <li id="menu-item-279" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-279"><a href="https://journals.aas.org/research-notes/">Research Notes of the AAS</a></li> <li id="menu-item-280" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-280"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://aas.org/"><i class="fas fa-globe-americas"></i> AAS</a></li> <li id="menu-item-281" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-home menu-item-281"><a href="https://journals.aas.org/">AAS Journals</a></li> <li id="menu-item-282" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-282"><a href="https://baas.aas.org/">BAAS</a></li> <li id="menu-item-283" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-283"><a href="https://aas.org/posts/news/2016/07/aas-iop-ebooks-welcomes-material-submissions">AAS-IOP eBooks</a></li> <li id="menu-item-284" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-284"><a href="https://aasnova.org/">AAS Nova</a></li> <li id="menu-item-286" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-286"><a href="http://www.astroexplorer.org/">Astronomy Image Explorer</a></li> <li id="menu-item-287" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-287"><a href="http://astrothesaurus.org/">Unified Astronomy Thesaurus</a></li> <li id="menu-item-288" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-288"><a href="http://worldwidetelescope.org/webclient/">WorldWide Telescope</a></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> </nav> </div>  </div>   <div class="home_slider"> <div class="row"> <div class="banner"> <img src="https://journals.aas.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/banner.jpg">  <div class="clear"></div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div>  </div> </div> </div>  <div class="container"> <ul id="breadcrumbs" class="breadcrumbs"><li class="item-home 1"><a class="bread-link bread-home" href="https://journals.aas.org" title="Home">Home</a></li><li class="separator separator-home 2">   ❯   </li><li class="item-current item-96 20"><span class="bread-current bread-96"> Terms</span></li></ul> </div> <div class="content-wrapper"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 col-sm-9 col-xs-12 content-right"> <div id="page-content-wrapper" class="content_wrapper_inner"> <h1 class="page-title terms">Terms</h1> <div class="wpb-content-wrapper"><div class="vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid"><div class="wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12"><div class="vc_column-inner"><div class="wpb_wrapper"><h3 style="text-align: left" class="vc_custom_heading vc_do_custom_heading" >Terms and conditions for access to AAS Publishing platform</h3> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element" > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <p>This document sets out the terms and conditions on which AAS Publishing will make access to its platform available via its World Wide Web server (the “Server”) to anyone accessing the service (the “Service”). Please read these terms and conditions carefully before accessing the Service. By accessing the Service, you will be deemed to be giving your confirmation that you have read and agree to be bound by all these terms and conditions. Do not access or use the Service if you are not willing to be bound by these terms and conditions.</p> <p>The Service is available only to persons over the age of legal majority who can form legally binding agreement(s) under applicable law. If you do not qualify, you are not permitted to access or use the Service.</p> <p>AAS Publishing reserves the right to amend or replace these terms and conditions at any time. If AAS Publishing makes any substantial changes it will post a notice on the Server that these terms and conditions have been changed. Your continued usage of the Server after any such changes to these terms and conditions are posted means you accept those changes.</p> </div> </div> <h3 style="text-align: left" class="vc_custom_heading vc_do_custom_heading" >Permitted Use</h3> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element" > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <p>You may access, download, store, search and print hard copy of text. Copying must be limited to making a single printed copy or electronic copies of a reasonable number of individual images or other similar items. No text accessed via the Service may be made available to a third party, either for commercial reward or free of charge. In the USA, such copies may only be made in compliance with Section 108 of the Copyright Act of the USA and within CONTU guidelines.</p> <p>If you are accessing the Service in a commercial context then you may only access it for internal research, testing or training purposes in accordance with these terms and conditions.</p> <p>If you are accessing the Service in a personal or educational context then you may only access it for private study or research for a non-commercial purpose. You may make brief quotations from the content, provided you include the customary acknowledgement of the source, and copy and transmit content from individual online content in “person-to-person” and non-systematic scholarly exchanges of information.</p> <p>You may only use this online access in a way that does not breach the laws of the country in which you are accessing the Service.</p> </div> </div> <h3 style="text-align: left" class="vc_custom_heading vc_do_custom_heading" >Prohibitions</h3> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element" > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <p>Reverse engineering, altering, recompiling, systematic or programmatic copying, reselling, redistributing, supplying, retransmitting, translating into any language or computer language, publishing or republishing (beyond the brief quotations permitted above) of any text, output, search results or other information from any part of the Service, including, without limitation, copyright, proprietary or other legal notices, in any form or medium is prohibited. Systematic downloading, service bureau redistribution services, printing for a for-fee-service purpose, document delivery services and/or the systematic making of print or electronic copies for transmission to third parties (beyond that permitted above) are prohibited.</p> </div> </div> <h3 style="text-align: left" class="vc_custom_heading vc_do_custom_heading" >Copyright</h3> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element" > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <p>All content made available by the Service is subject to all applicable copyright, database protection and other rights of copyright owners and publishers under the laws of all countries, states and provinces and other governmental authorities. You shall not claim ownership or other rights by reason of your use of or access to the Service. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.</p> </div> </div> <h3 style="text-align: left" class="vc_custom_heading vc_do_custom_heading" >Withdrawal of Service or Content</h3> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element" > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <p>AAS Publishing reserves the right to withdraw or amend the Service or any or all of its content at any time.</p> </div> </div> <h3 style="text-align: left" class="vc_custom_heading vc_do_custom_heading" >Availability of Access</h3> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element" > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <p>AAS Publishing reserves the right to suspend access to the Service, including, without limitation, in order to carry out maintenance, repairs, testing, reconfigurations or upgrades. The Service may also be unavailable for circumstances beyond AAS Publishing’s reasonable control including, without limitation, downtime relating to telecommunications lines or any Internet nodes or facilities. AAS Publishing shall not be liable for any suspension of service, delay, downtime, transmission error, software or equipment incompatibility, force majeure or any failure of performance.</p> </div> </div> <h3 style="text-align: left" class="vc_custom_heading vc_do_custom_heading" >Disclaimer of Warranties and Liability</h3> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element" > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <p>The Service is for general information only and is provided “as is.”</p> <p>TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, AAS PUBLISHING DISCLAIMS ANY AND ALL EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, REPRESENTATIONS OR UNDERTAKINGS:</p> <ul> <li>THAT THE CONTENTS OF THE SERVICE WILL BE COMPLETE, ACCURATE AND ERROR-FREE OR THAT SUCH CONTENT WILL BE USEFUL OR SATISFY YOUR REQUIREMENTS;</li> <li>WITH RESPECT TO THE QUALITY, ORIGINALITY, SUITABILITY, ABILITY TO SEARCH, OPERATION, PERFORMANCE, COMPATIBILITY, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OF THE SERVICE OR ITS CONTENTS;</li> <li>AS TO THE CONTENT OF ANY OTHER THIRD PARTY WEBSITE REFERRED TO OR ACCESSED BY HYPERTEXT LINK THROUGH THE SERVICE; OR</li> <li>THAT YOUR ACCESS TO THE SERVICE WILL BE UNINTERRUPTED, ERROR FREE OR FREE FROM SO CALLED COMPUTER VIRUSES. YOU SHOULD CHECK FOR SUCH VIRUSES BEFORE DOWNLOADING ANY CONTENT.</li> </ul> <p>IF THE ABOVE LIMITATIONS ON IMPLIED WARRANTIES ARE NOT PERMITTED, YOUR STATUTORY RIGHTS THAT CANNOT BE WAIVED, IF ANY, ARE NOT AFFECTED BY THESE PROVISIONS.</p> <p>YOU AGREE AND ACKNOWLEDGE THAT THE LIMITATIONS AND EXCLUSIONS OF LIABILITY AND WARRANTY PROVIDED IN THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS ARE FAIR AND REASONABLE.</p> <p>TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, BY USING THE SERVICE YOU AGREE THAT AAS PUBLISHING SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY FOR ANY CLAIMS, PENALTIES, LOSSES, EXPENSES OR INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, EXEMPLARY, SPECIAL OR OTHER DAMAGES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, FOR LOSS OF PROFIT, LOSS OF REVENUE, LOSS OF CONTRACTS, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION OR FOR LOSS OF DATA, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SERVICE, ANY RELIANCE PLACED ON THE CONTENT OF THE SERVICE, THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE SERVICE, THE DOWNLOADING OF ANY MATERIALS FROM THE SERVICE, OR ANY UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS TO OR ALTERATION TO THE SERVICE, WHETHER BASED ON WARRANTY, CONTRACT, TORT, DELICT, OR ANY OTHER LEGAL THEORY, AND WHETHER OR NOT AAS PUBLISHING IS ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, THE REMEDIES STATED FOR YOU IN THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS ARE EXCLUSIVE AND ARE LIMITED TO THOSE EXPRESSLY PROVIDED FOR IN THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS.</p> <p>THE FOREGOING LIMITATIONS OF LIABILITY SHALL APPLY REGARDLESS OF THE SUCCESS OR EFFECTIVENESS OF OTHER REMEDIES.</p> </div> </div> <h3 style="text-align: left" class="vc_custom_heading vc_do_custom_heading" >Complete Agreement</h3> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element" > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <p>These terms and conditions constitute the entire agreement between you and AAS Publishing with respect to the Server, use of the Service, and any content, and supersede all discussions, communications, conversations and agreements concerning the subject matter of these terms and conditions.</p> </div> </div> <h3 style="text-align: left" class="vc_custom_heading vc_do_custom_heading" >Written Document</h3> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element" > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <p>You may preserve these terms and conditions in written form by printing them for your records, and you waive any other requirement that these terms and conditions be evidenced by a written document.</p> </div> </div> <h3 style="text-align: left" class="vc_custom_heading vc_do_custom_heading" >Publishing through the Service</h3> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element" > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <p>Additional terms and conditions will apply if you wish to publish through the Service.</p> </div> </div> <h3 style="text-align: left" class="vc_custom_heading vc_do_custom_heading" >Uploading material to the Service</h3> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element" > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <p>Other than personally identifiable information, any material you transmit or post to the Service shall be considered non-confidential and non-proprietary. AAS Publishing has no obligations to you with respect to any such material and it will have the right to use, copy, distribute and disclose to third parties any such material for any purpose. If you post materials to the Service, AAS Publishing will have the right to disclose your identity to any third party who claims that such material constitutes a violation of his or her intellectual property rights or right to privacy.</p> <p>Without limitation, you shall not post material to or from the Site:</p> <ul> <li>that is threatening, defamatory, obscene, indecent, seditious, offensive, pornographic, abusive, liable to incite racial hatred, discriminatory, menacing, scandalous, inflammatory, blasphemous, or in breach of privacy rights;</li> <li>you do not own or for which you have not obtained all necessary third party licenses and/or approvals;</li> <li>that constitutes or encourages conduct that would be considered a criminal offence, give rise to civil liability, or otherwise be contrary to the law of or infringe the rights of any third party, in any other country in the world; or</li> <li>which is technically harmful (including, without limitation, computer viruses, logic bombs, Trojan horses, worms, harmful components, corrupted data or other malicious software or harmful data).</li> </ul> <p>You shall not misuse the Site (including, without limitation, by hacking).</p> <p>AAS Publishing has the right to remove any posting made to the Site if, in its opinion, such material does not comply with the provisions set out above or for any other reason whatsoever.</p> </div> </div> <h3 style="text-align: left" class="vc_custom_heading vc_do_custom_heading" >Governing Law</h3> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element" > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <p>These Terms and Conditions shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the District of Columbia.</p> </div> </div> </div></div></div></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-3 col-sm-3 col-xs-12 sidebar-left"> <div id="sidebar-wrapper"> <div class="widget_text sidebar"><div class="widget_text widget-content"><a href="https://journals.aas.org/professional-and-ethical-standards-for-the-aas-journals/" target="_blank"><h4 class="sidebar-title">Policy News</h4></a><div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"><a href="https://journals.aas.org/professional-and-ethical-standards-for-the-aas-journals"><img src="https://journals.aas.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/sidebar-ethicspolicy-600x400-1.jpg"></a> <p> <a href="https://journals.aas.org/professional-and-ethical-standards-for-the-aas-journals">Read more about the AAS journals ethics policy.</a> </p></div></div></div><div class="widget_text sidebar"><div class="widget_text widget-content"><h4 class="sidebar-title">AAS | IOP Astronomy</h4><div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"><a href="https://iopscience.iop.org/bookListInfo/aas-iop-astronomy#partner-series" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img src="https://journals.aas.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/AAS-ebooks-BN-1122_283-x-250px.jpg"></a> <p> The American Astronomical Society (AAS) have partnered with IOP Publishing to create an <a href="https://iopscience.iop.org/bookListInfo/aas-iop-astronomy#partner-series" target="_blank" rel="noopener">exciting new collection of astronomy and astrophysics ebooks</a> to further the AAS mission: "to enhance and share humanity's scientific understanding of the universe." </p></div></div></div><div class="widget_text sidebar"><div class="widget_text widget-content"><a href="https://journals.aas.org/oa" target="_blank"><h4 class="sidebar-title">Announcement</h4></a><div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"><a href="https://journals.aas.org/oa"><img src="https://journals.aas.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Announcement-New-Sidebar.png"></a> <h3> <a href="https://journals.aas.org/oa" style="color:#333333;">AAS Journals Fully Open Access in 2022</a></h3> <p> In keeping with our mission, the entire AAS journals portfolio was made freely accessible as of 1 January 2022. <a href="https://journals.aas.org/oa">Read more.</a> </p></div></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>   <footer class="footer"> <div class="footer_top"> <div class="container padd_none"> <div class="col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-12 padd_none"> <h3>About AAS Journals</h3> <div class="footer_cell"> <p>The AAS owns and operates its flagship journals, the<em> Astronomical Journal</em>, the <em>Astrophysical Journal</em>, the <em>Astrophysical Journal Letters</em>, the <em>Planetary Science Journal</em>, and the <em>Astrophysical Journal Supplements</em> through its Board of Trustees, Publications Committee, and Executive Office for the benefit of the AAS community.</p> <a href="https://journals.aas.org/news-archive" class="btn btn_share_feedback">View News Archive</a> <a href="https://journals.aas.org/pub-staff/" class="btn btn_share_feedback">Contact AAS Publishing Staff</a> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-12 padd_none"> <h3>Get in Touch</h3> <div class="footer_cell"> <ul class="getintouch_link"> <li><i class="far fa-envelope"></i> <p>Questions about your submission?</p> <a href="mailto:journals.manager@aas.org">journals.manager@aas.org</a> <p>Data-Editor Support</p> <a href="mailto:data-editors@aas.org">data-editors@aas.org</a> <p>AASTeX Support</p> <a href="mailto:aastex@aas.org">aastex@aas.org</a> </li> <li><i class="fas fa-phone"></i> <p>(202) 328-2010</p> </li> <li><i class="fas fa-map-marker-alt"></i> <p>American Astronomical Society<br> 1667 K Street NW, Suite 800<br> Washington, DC 20006 USA</p> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4 col-sm-4 col-xs-12 padd_none hide"> <h3>Latest Tweets</h3> <div class="footer_cell"> <div class="tweets_feed"><div id="tweets-slider-sec"><div class="container-fluid2">   <div class="carousel-inner-fusionspan"> <div class="carousel-inner"><div class="item active"> <div class="row"> <div class="twit-wrp"><div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="twitter-thumb"><img class="mgimg" align="left" src="" async data-pagespeed-no-transform /></div><div class="twitter-content"> <div class="left-box"> <span class="screen_link1"> <a href="https://twitter.com/" target="_blank"> @</a> </span> <span class="twit-link1">December 31, 1969</span> </div> <div class="twit-great1"></div> <div class="col-sm-4"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="controls"><ul class="nav"><li data-target="#custom_carousel02" data-slide-to="0" class="active"></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div> <a href="https://twitter.com/AAS_Publishing" class="btn btn_tweet_feed"><i class="fab fa-twitter"></i>Follow AAS Publishing on Twitter</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="footer_bottom"> <div class="container"> <div class="col-md-4 col-sm-4 col-xs-12 footer_b_copy"> © 2024 The American Astronomical Society </div> <div class="col-md-4 col-sm-4 col-xs-12 footer_b_menu"> <div class="menu-copyright-footer-menu-container"><ul id="menu-copyright-footer-menu" class="footer_link"><li id="menu-item-109" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-109"><a href="https://journals.aas.org/privacy-and-cookies/">Privacy Policy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-108" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-item page_item page-item-96 current_page_item menu-item-108"><a href="https://journals.aas.org/terms/" aria-current="page">Terms & Conditions</a></li> <li id="menu-item-304" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-304"><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://aas.org/donate/contributions">Donate</a></li> </ul></div> </div> <div class="col-md-4 col-sm-4 col-xs-12 footer_b_social"> <ul class="footer_link social_links"> <li><a href="https://www.facebook.com/AmericanAstronomicalSociety " target="_blank"><i class="fab fa-facebook-f"></i></a></li> <li><a href="https://twitter.com/AAS_Publishing" target="_blank"><i class="fab fa-twitter"></i></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/american-astronomical-society/" target="_blank"><i class="fab fa-linkedin-in"></i></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.instagram.com/aas_office/ " target="_blank"><i class="fab fa-instagram"></i></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </footer>  <script> jQuery('.page-title').html(function(_, existing) { var words = existing.trim().split(' '); words[0] = '<span class="title-firstword">' + words[0] + '</span>'; words[words.length - 1] = '<span class="title-lastword">' + words[words.length - 1] + '</span>'; return words.join(' '); }); </script>  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5L5HRLB" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <link rel='stylesheet' id='ts_style-css' href='https://journals.aas.org/wp-content/plugins/fs-tweets-slider/css/twitter-slider.css?ver=6.6.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://journals.aas.org/wp-includes/js/dist/hooks.min.js?ver=2810c76e705dd1a53b18" id="wp-hooks-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://journals.aas.org/wp-includes/js/dist/i18n.min.js?ver=5e580eb46a90c2b997e6" id="wp-i18n-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-i18n-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ wp.i18n.setLocaleData( { 'text direction\u0004ltr': [ 'ltr' ] } ); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://journals.aas.org/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/includes/swv/js/index.js?ver=5.9.8" id="swv-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="contact-form-7-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var wpcf7 = {"api":{"root":"https:\/\/journals.aas.org\/wp-json\/","namespace":"contact-form-7\/v1"},"cached":"1"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://journals.aas.org/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/includes/js/index.js?ver=5.9.8" id="contact-form-7-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://journals.aas.org/wp-content/plugins/js_composer/assets/js/dist/js_composer_front.min.js?ver=7.6" id="wpb_composer_front_js-js"></script> <script></script> </body> </html>