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Ámsterdam - Wikipedia, a enciclopedia libre

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mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparencia"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Cambia a aparencia do tamaño da fonte, o ancho e a cor da páxina" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aparencia" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aparencia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_gl.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=gl" class=""><span>Doazóns</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crear_unha_conta&amp;returnto=%C3%81msterdam" title="É recomendable que cree unha conta e acceda ao sistema, se ben non é obrigatorio" class=""><span>Crear unha conta</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Iniciar_sesi%C3%B3n&amp;returnto=%C3%81msterdam" title="É recomendable que se rexistre, se ben non é obrigatorio [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Acceder ao sistema</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Máis opcións" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ferramentas persoais" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ferramentas persoais</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menú de usuario" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_gl.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=gl"><span>Doazóns</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crear_unha_conta&amp;returnto=%C3%81msterdam" title="É recomendable que cree unha conta e acceda ao sistema, se ben non é obrigatorio"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Crear unha conta</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Iniciar_sesi%C3%B3n&amp;returnto=%C3%81msterdam" title="É recomendable que se rexistre, se ben non é obrigatorio [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Acceder ao sistema</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Páxinas para os editores sen a sesión iniciada <a href="/wiki/Axuda:Introduci%C3%B3n" aria-label="Máis información sobre a edición"><span>máis información</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:As_mi%C3%B1as_contribuci%C3%B3ns" title="Unha lista das modificacións feitas desde este enderezo IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribucións</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:A_mi%C3%B1a_conversa" title="Conversa acerca de edicións feitas desde este enderezo IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Conversa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sitio"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contidos" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contidos</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mover á barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">agochar</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inicio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Historia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Historia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Xeografía_e_clima" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Xeografía_e_clima"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Xeografía e clima</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Xeografía_e_clima-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arquitectura_e_paisaxe_urbana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arquitectura_e_paisaxe_urbana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Arquitectura e paisaxe urbana</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Arquitectura_e_paisaxe_urbana-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Mostrar ou agochar a subsección &quot;Arquitectura e paisaxe urbana&quot;</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Arquitectura_e_paisaxe_urbana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Canles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Canles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Canles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Canles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-A_expansión_de_Ámsterdan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#A_expansión_de_Ámsterdan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>A expansión de Ámsterdan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-A_expansión_de_Ámsterdan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arquitectura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arquitectura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Arquitectura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arquitectura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Goberno" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Goberno"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Goberno</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Goberno-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Mostrar ou agochar a subsección &quot;Goberno&quot;</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Goberno-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Definicións" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Definicións"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Definicións</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Definicións-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Goberno_local" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Goberno_local"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Goberno local</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Goberno_local-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Goberno_nacional" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Goberno_nacional"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Goberno nacional</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Goberno_nacional-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Os_símbolos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Os_símbolos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Os símbolos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Os_símbolos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economía" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economía"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Economía</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economía-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Mostrar ou agochar a subsección &quot;Economía&quot;</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economía-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Turismo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Turismo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Turismo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Turismo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tendas_e_comercio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tendas_e_comercio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Tendas e comercio</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tendas_e_comercio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Moda" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Moda"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Moda</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Moda-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cultura_e_entretemento" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultura_e_entretemento"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Cultura e entretemento</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Cultura_e_entretemento-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Mostrar ou agochar a subsección &quot;Cultura e entretemento&quot;</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Cultura_e_entretemento-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Museos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Museos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Museos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Museos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cidade_liberal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cidade_liberal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Cidade liberal</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Cidade_liberal-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Mostrar ou agochar a subsección &quot;Cidade liberal&quot;</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Cidade_liberal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Vida_nocturna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vida_nocturna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Vida nocturna</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vida_nocturna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-O_ambiente_homosexual" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#O_ambiente_homosexual"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>O ambiente homosexual</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-O_ambiente_homosexual-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-O_Distrito_Roxo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#O_Distrito_Roxo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>O Distrito Roxo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-O_Distrito_Roxo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Os_Coffee_Shops" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Os_Coffee_Shops"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>Os Coffee Shops</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Os_Coffee_Shops-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relacións_internacionais" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relacións_internacionais"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Relacións internacionais</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relacións_internacionais-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Véxase_tamén" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Véxase_tamén"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Véxase tamén</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Véxase_tamén-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Mostrar ou agochar a subsección &quot;Véxase tamén&quot;</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Véxase_tamén-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliografía" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografía"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Bibliografía</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografía-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Outros_artigos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Outros_artigos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Outros artigos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Outros_artigos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ligazóns_externas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ligazóns_externas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2.1</span> <span>Ligazóns externas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ligazóns_externas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contidos" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostrar ou agochar a táboa de contidos" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostrar ou agochar a táboa de contidos</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ámsterdam</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir a un artigo noutra lingua. Dispoñible en 231 linguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-231" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">231 linguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – achinés" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="achinés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artigo de calidade"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – alemán suízo" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="alemán suízo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%88%B5%E1%89%B0%E1%88%AD%E1%8B%B3%E1%88%9D" title="አምስተርዳም – amhárico" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="አምስተርዳም" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amhárico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – aragonés" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – inglês antigo" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="inglês antigo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artigo bo"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85" title="أمستردام – árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أمستردام" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%90%DC%A1%DC%A3%DC%9B%DC%AA%DC%95%DC%90%DC%A1" title="ܐܡܣܛܪܕܐܡ – arameo" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܐܡܣܛܪܕܐܡ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="arameo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%B7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85" title="أمسطردام – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="أمسطردام" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85" title="امستردام – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="امستردام" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81msterdam" title="Ámsterdam – asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ámsterdam" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Амстердам – avar" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Амстердам" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="avar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%AE" title="एम्सटर्डम – awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="एम्सटर्डम" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – acerbaixano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="acerbaixano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85" title="آمستردام – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آمستردام" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Амстердам – baxkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Амстердам" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baxkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – balinés" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdams" title="Amsterdams – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Amsterdams" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Амстэрдам – belaruso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Амстэрдам" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belaruso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Амстэрдам – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Амстэрдам" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsteredam" title="Amsteredam – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Amsteredam" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Амстердам – búlgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Амстердам" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%AE" title="एम्सटर्डम – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="एम्सटर्डम" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE" title="আমস্টারডাম – bengalí" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আমস্টারডাম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A8%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%8A%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%8C%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8D" title="ཨེམ་སི་ཊར་ཌམ། – tibetano" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཨེམ་སི་ཊར་ཌམ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – bretón" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretón" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – bosníaco" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosníaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Амстердам – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Амстердам" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – catalán" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Амстердам – checheno" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Амстердам" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="checheno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%95%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85" title="ئەمستەردام – kurdo central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئەمستەردام" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdo central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – corso" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="corso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – checo" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D1%94%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8A" title="Амстєрдамъ – eslavo eclesiástico" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Амстєрдамъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="eslavo eclesiástico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Амстердам – chuvaxo" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Амстердам" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="chuvaxo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – galés" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artigo bo"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – dinamarqués" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dinamarqués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – alemán" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – baixo sorbio" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="baixo sorbio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%86%CE%BC%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BC" title="Άμστερνταμ – grego" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Άμστερνταμ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – inglés" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artigo bo"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdamo" title="Amsterdamo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Amsterdamo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81msterdam" title="Ámsterdam – español" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ámsterdam" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="español" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – estoniano" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – éuscaro" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="éuscaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81msterdam" title="Ámsterdam – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Ámsterdam" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85" title="آمستردام – persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آمستردام" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – finés" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – fixiano" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="fixiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – feroés" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="feroés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artigo bo"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – francés" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amst%C3%A8rdame" title="Amstèrdame – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Amstèrdame" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – frisón setentrional" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frisón setentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – friulano" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friulano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – frisón occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frisón occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amstardam" title="Amstardam – irlandés" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Amstardam" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – gaélico escocés" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaélico escocés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85" title="آمستردام – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="آمستردام" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Avañe&#039;ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BC%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8D%84%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B3%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BC" title="𐌰𐌼𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌳𐌰𐌼 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌰𐌼𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌳𐌰𐌼" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%93%D7%9D" title="אמסטרדם – hebreo" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אמסטרדם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%90%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%AE" title="ऐम्स्टर्डैम – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ऐम्स्टर्डैम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – croata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – alto sorbio" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="alto sorbio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amst%C3%A8dam" title="Amstèdam – crioulo haitiano" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Amstèdam" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="crioulo haitiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amszterdam" title="Amszterdam – húngaro" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Amszterdam" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="húngaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B4%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%B4" title="Ամստերդամ – armenio" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ամստերդամ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B4%D5%BD%D5%A9%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B4" title="Ամսթերտամ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Ամսթերտամ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – indonesio" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – ilocano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Амстердам – inguxo" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Амстердам" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="inguxo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – islandés" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A0%E3%82%B9%E3%83%86%E3%83%AB%E3%83%80%E3%83%A0" title="アムステルダム – xaponés" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アムステルダム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="xaponés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – xavanés" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="xavanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="ამსტერდამი – xeorxiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ამსტერდამი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="xeorxiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – cabila" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="cabila" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amst%C9%9Br%C9%A9dam" title="Amstɛrɩdam – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Amstɛrɩdam" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Амстердам – kazako" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Амстердам" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazako" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%86%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D" title="ಆಂಸ್ಟರ್ಡ್ಯಾಮ್ – kannará" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಆಂಸ್ಟರ್ಡ್ಯಾಮ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannará" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%94%EC%8A%A4%ED%85%8C%EB%A5%B4%EB%8B%B4" title="암스테르담 – coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="암스테르담" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Амстердам – komi permio" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Амстердам" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="komi permio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artigo bo"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Амстердам – carachaio-bálcara" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Амстердам" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="carachaio-bálcara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – kurdo" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Амстердам – komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Амстердам" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – córnico" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="córnico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Амстердам – kirguiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Амстердам" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirguiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amstelodamum" title="Amstelodamum – latín" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Amstelodamum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latín" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – luxemburgués" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Амстердам – lezguio" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Амстердам" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lezguio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – limburgués" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%B3%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%B3" title="ອຳສະເຕີດຳ – laosiano" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ອຳສະເຕີດຳ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laosiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdamas" title="Amsterdamas – lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Amsterdamas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdama" title="Amsterdama – letón" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Amsterdama" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letón" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Амстердам – moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Амстердам" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – malgaxe" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaxe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amaterama" title="Amaterama – maorí" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Amaterama" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maorí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Амстердам – macedonio" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Амстердам" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedonio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%86%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%82" title="ആംസ്റ്റർഡാം – malabar" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ആംസ്റ്റർഡാം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malabar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Амстердам – mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Амстердам" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%B2%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%AE" title="ॲम्स्टरडॅम – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ॲम्स्टरडॅम" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Амстердам – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Амстердам" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – malaio" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – maltés" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%90%E1%80%AC%E1%80%92%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7" title="အမ်စတာဒမ်မြို့ – birmano" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အမ်စတာဒမ်မြို့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%BE%D1%88" title="Амстердам ош – erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Амстердам ош" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85" title="آمستردام – mazandaraní" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="آمستردام" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – napolitano" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="napolitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – baixo alemán" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="baixo alemán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – baixo saxón" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="baixo saxón" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%AE" title="आम्स्टर्डम – nepalí" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="आम्स्टर्डम" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE" title="एम्स्तरद्याम – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="एम्स्तरद्याम" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – neerlandés" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – noruegués nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="noruegués nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – noruegués bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="noruegués bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B3%C3%ADgeed_%C5%81%C3%A1n%C3%AD" title="Tóígeed Łání – navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Tóígeed Łání" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – chewa" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="chewa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdamu" title="Amsterdamu – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Amsterdamu" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%86%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%B7%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9F%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%A1%E0%AC%BC%E0%AD%8D%E0%AD%9F%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%AE" title="ଆମଷ୍ଟରଡ଼୍ୟାମ – odiá" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଆମଷ୍ଟରଡ଼୍ୟାମ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="odiá" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Амстердам – ossetio" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Амстердам" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossetio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%AE" title="ਅਮਸਤੱਰਦਮ – panxabí" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਅਮਸਤੱਰਦਮ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panxabí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80msterdam" title="Àmsterdam – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Àmsterdam" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%B9%D8%B1%DA%88%DB%8C%D9%85" title="ایمسٹرڈیم – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ایمسٹرڈیم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%BC%D8%B1%DA%89%D8%A7%D9%85" title="امسټرډام – paxto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="امسټرډام" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paxto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amesterd%C3%A3o" title="Amesterdão – portugués" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Amesterdão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – romanche" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="romanche" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – romanés" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – aromanés" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="aromanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Амстердам – ruso" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Амстердам" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Амстердам – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Амстердам" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Амстердам – iacuto" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Амстердам" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="iacuto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%B4%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%B0%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%A2" title="ᱟᱢᱥᱴᱚᱨᱰᱮᱢ – santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱟᱢᱥᱴᱚᱨᱰᱮᱢ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – sardo" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – siciliano" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – escocés" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="escocés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%BD%D8%B1%DA%8A%D9%8A%D9%85" title="ايمسٽرڊيم – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ايمسٽرڊيم" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – saami setentrional" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="saami setentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – serbocroata" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amstir%E1%B8%8Dam" title="Amstirḍam – tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Amstirḍam" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%88%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A7%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%91%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A" title="ඈම්ස්ටර්ඩෑම් – cingalés" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ඈම්ස්ටර්ඩෑම්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="cingalés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – eslovaco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – esloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amistardam" title="Amistardam – somalí" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Amistardam" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdami" title="Amsterdami – albanés" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Amsterdami" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Амстердам – serbio" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Амстердам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damsko" title="Damsko – sranan tongo" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Damsko" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="sranan tongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – sesotho" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="sesotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – sundanés" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – suahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="ஆம்ஸ்டர்டம் – támil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஆம்ஸ்டர்டம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="támil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8D" title="ఆమ్‌స్టర్‌డ్యామ్ – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఆమ్‌స్టర్‌డ్యామ్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Амстердам – taxico" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Амстердам" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="taxico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A1" title="อัมสเตอร์ดัม – tailandés" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อัมสเตอร์ดัม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tailandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A3%E1%88%9D%E1%88%B5%E1%89%B0%E1%88%AD%E1%8B%B3%E1%88%9D" title="ኣምስተርዳም – tigriña" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ኣምስተርዳም" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="tigriña" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – turkmeno" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – tagalo" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BBAmisetami" title="ʻAmisetami – tongano" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="ʻAmisetami" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="tongano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Амстердам – tártaro" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Амстердам" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tártaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Амстердам – udmurto" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Амстердам" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%90%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85" title="ئامستېردام – uigur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئامستېردام" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uigur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Амстердам – ucraíno" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Амстердам" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraíno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%B9%D8%B1%DA%88%DB%8C%D9%85" title="ایمسٹرڈیم – urdú" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ایمسٹرڈیم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdú" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – uzbeko" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – volapuk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapuk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misterdam" title="Misterdam – valón" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Misterdam" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valón" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – waray-waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray-waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – wólof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="wólof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E4%B8%B9" title="阿姆斯特丹 – chinés wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="阿姆斯特丹" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="chinés wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="ამსტერდამი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ამსტერდამი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%93%D7%90%D7%9D" title="אמסטערדאם – yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אמסטערדאם" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – ioruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="ioruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E4%B8%B9" title="阿姆斯特丹 – chinés" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阿姆斯特丹" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E4%B8%B9" title="阿姆斯特丹 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="阿姆斯特丹" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Amsterdam" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E4%B8%B9" title="阿姆斯特丹 – cantonés" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="阿姆斯特丹" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-Amsterdami" title="I-Amsterdami – zulú" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="I-Amsterdami" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zulú" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q727#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editar as ligazóns interlingüísticas" class="wbc-editpage">Editar as ligazóns</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espazos de nomes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%81msterdam" title="Ver o contido da páxina [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artigo</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Conversa:%C3%81msterdam" rel="discussion" title="Conversa acerca do contido desta páxina [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Conversa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Cambiar a variante de lingua" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">galego</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Vistas"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%81msterdam"><span>Ler</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;veaction=edit" title="Editar esta páxina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editar</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;action=edit" title="Editar o código fonte desta páxina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editar a fonte</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;action=history" title="Versións anteriores desta páxina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Ver o historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Ferramentas das páxinas"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ferramentas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ferramentas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Ferramentas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mover á barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">agochar</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Máis opcións" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Accións </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%81msterdam"><span>Ler</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;veaction=edit" title="Editar esta páxina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editar</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;action=edit" title="Editar o código fonte desta páxina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editar a fonte</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;action=history"><span>Ver o historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Xeral </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:P%C3%A1xinas_que_ligan_con_esta/%C3%81msterdam" title="Lista de todas as páxinas do wiki que ligan cara a aquí [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Páxinas que ligan con esta</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Cambios_relacionados/%C3%81msterdam" rel="nofollow" title="Cambios recentes nas páxinas ligadas desde esta [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Cambios relacionados</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:P%C3%A1xinas_especiais" title="Lista de todas as páxinas especiais [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Páxinas especiais</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;oldid=6771564" title="Ligazón permanente a esta versión desta páxina"><span>Ligazón permanente</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;action=info" title="Máis información sobre esta páxina"><span>Información da páxina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Cita&amp;page=%C3%81msterdam&amp;id=6771564&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Información sobre como citar esta páxina"><span>Citar esta páxina</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25C3%2581msterdam"><span>Xerar URL acurtado</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25C3%2581msterdam"><span>Descargar o código QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimir/exportar </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Libro&amp;bookcmd=book_creator&amp;referer=%C3%81msterdam"><span>Crear un libro</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=%C3%81msterdam&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>Descargar como PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;printable=yes" title="Versión para imprimir da páxina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versión para imprimir</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Noutros proxectos </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q727" title="Ligazón ao elemento conectado no repositorio de datos [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Elemento de Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Ferramentas das páxinas"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparencia"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aparencia</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mover á barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">agochar</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-03-1000" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Lista_de_artigos_que_toda_Wikipedia_deber%C3%ADa_ter" title="Este é un dos 1000 artigos que toda Wikipedia debería ter"><img alt="Este é un dos 1000 artigos que toda Wikipedia debería ter" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/AD_%2B30.svg/22px-AD_%2B30.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/AD_%2B30.svg/33px-AD_%2B30.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/AD_%2B30.svg/44px-AD_%2B30.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="10" data-file-height="10" /></a></span></div></div> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates-ind" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><span title="&#91;&#91;Coordenadas xeográficas&#124;Coordenadas&#93;&#93;">Coord.:</span> <span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="http://tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?language=gl&amp;pagename=%C3%81msterdam&amp;params=52.37_N_4.88_E_region:"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Mapas, fotos e outros datos de 52°22′N 4°53′L"><span class="latitude">52°22′N </span><span class="longitude">4°53′L</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Mapas, fotos e outros datos de 52.37 4.88"><span class="geo"><span class="latitude">52.37, </span><span class="longitude">4.88</span></span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Na Galipedia, a Wikipedia en galego.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="gl" dir="ltr"><p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6843765">.mw-parser-output .infobox_bodystyle{font-size:85%;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .infobox_titlestyle{background:#bae3ff}.mw-parser-output .infobox_abovestyle{background:#bae3ff}.mw-parser-output .infobox_headerclass_solid{background:#bae3ff}.mw-parser-output .infobox_headerclass_botton_top{border-bottom:2px solid #ccccff;border-top:2px solid #ccccff}.mw-parser-output .infobox_subheaderstyle{background:#bae3ff}.mw-parser-output .infobox_subheaderstyle1{width:100%;background:#bae3ff;text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .infobox_belowstyle{border-top:#aaa 1px solid;background:#bae3ff}.mw-parser-output .infobox-label{background:#eeeeee;padding-right:1.2em;width:40%;text-align:start}.mw-parser-output .infobox_captionstyle{font-size:90%}</style> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6843765"> </p> <table class="infobox" style="width:22em;infobox_bodystyle"><caption class="infobox_titlestyle"><span style="float:left; margin-left: 3px;"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Globe_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Modelo:Xeografía política"><img alt="Modelo:Xeografía política" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Globe_icon.svg/25px-Globe_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Globe_icon.svg/38px-Globe_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Globe_icon.svg/50px-Globe_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="420" data-file-height="420" /></a></span></span>Ámsterdam</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data infobox_subheaderstyle" style="text-align:center"><span lang="nl">Amsterdam</span> (nl) <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727?uselang=gl#P1705" title="Editar o valor en Wikidata"><img alt="Editar o valor en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6551663/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{text-align:left;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{text-align:center}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:242px;max-width:242px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="margin-right:50px;width:98px;max-width:98px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:none;height:64px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Flag_of_Amsterdam.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Bandeira" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Amsterdam.svg/96px-Flag_of_Amsterdam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="96" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Amsterdam.svg/144px-Flag_of_Amsterdam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Amsterdam.svg/192px-Flag_of_Amsterdam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1426379" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q1426379">Bandeira</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:91px;max-width:91px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:none;height:64px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Wapen_van_Amsterdam.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Brasón" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Wapen_van_Amsterdam.svg/89px-Wapen_van_Amsterdam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="89" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Wapen_van_Amsterdam.svg/134px-Wapen_van_Amsterdam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Wapen_van_Amsterdam.svg/178px-Wapen_van_Amsterdam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2129" data-file-height="1531" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q683829" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q683829">Brasón</a></div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6551595">.mw-parser-output .img_toogle ul{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;font-size:70%}.mw-parser-output .img_toogle li{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .img_toogle li:after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .img_toogle li:last-child:after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .img_toogle_caption{font-size:100%;font-style:normal;text-align:center;padding-top:2px;padding-bottom:2px}</style><div class="img_toogle"> <div class="geobox nomobile"><table style="width:auto; margin:auto; border:none; border-spacing:0; padding:0;"><tbody><tr><td style="border:none; padding:0; text-align:center;"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Amsterdam_Grachten_at_night.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vista nocturna"><img alt="Vista nocturna" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Amsterdam_Grachten_at_night.jpg/300px-Amsterdam_Grachten_at_night.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Amsterdam_Grachten_at_night.jpg/450px-Amsterdam_Grachten_at_night.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Amsterdam_Grachten_at_night.jpg/600px-Amsterdam_Grachten_at_night.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="geobox nomobile"><table style="width:auto; margin:auto; border:none; border-spacing:0; padding:0;"><tbody><tr><td style="border:none; padding:0; text-align:center;"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Imagen_de_los_canales_conc%C3%A9ntricos_en_%C3%81msterdam.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Vista aérea"><img alt="Vista aérea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Imagen_de_los_canales_conc%C3%A9ntricos_en_%C3%81msterdam.png/300px-Imagen_de_los_canales_conc%C3%A9ntricos_en_%C3%81msterdam.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Imagen_de_los_canales_conc%C3%A9ntricos_en_%C3%81msterdam.png/450px-Imagen_de_los_canales_conc%C3%A9ntricos_en_%C3%81msterdam.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Imagen_de_los_canales_conc%C3%A9ntricos_en_%C3%81msterdam.png/600px-Imagen_de_los_canales_conc%C3%A9ntricos_en_%C3%81msterdam.png 2x" data-file-width="2480" data-file-height="1654" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="geobox"><table style="width:auto; margin:auto; border:none; border-spacing:0; padding:0;"><tbody><tr><td style="border:none; padding:0; text-align:center;"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Amsterdam_airphoto.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Imaxe"><img alt="Imaxe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Amsterdam_airphoto.jpg/300px-Amsterdam_airphoto.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Amsterdam_airphoto.jpg/450px-Amsterdam_airphoto.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Amsterdam_airphoto.jpg/600px-Amsterdam_airphoto.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3704" data-file-height="2446" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;text-align:start"><hr /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Lema</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start">«<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q117225352" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q117225352">Heldhaftig, Vastberaden, Barmhartig</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117225352?uselang=gl" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>» <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727?uselang=gl#P1546" title="Editar o valor en Wikidata"><img alt="Editar o valor en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alcume</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><span lang="nl">Mokum</span>, <span lang="yi">מָקוֹם א</span>, <span lang="nl">Damsko</span>, <span lang="nl">A'dam</span>, <span lang="nl">Venetië van het Noorden</span>, <span lang="en">Venice of the north</span>, <span lang="srn">Damsko</span> e <span lang="nl">Asd</span> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727?uselang=gl#P1449" title="Editar o valor en Wikidata"><img alt="Editar o valor en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Epónimo</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><a href="/wiki/R%C3%ADo_Amstel" title="Río Amstel">Río Amstel</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727?uselang=gl#P138" title="Editar o valor en Wikidata"><img alt="Editar o valor en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox_headerclass_botton_top infobox_headerclass_solid" style="text-align:center">Localización</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;text-align:start"><div class="center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Amsterdam-topografie.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Amsterdam-topografie.jpg/220px-Amsterdam-topografie.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="217" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Amsterdam-topografie.jpg/330px-Amsterdam-topografie.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Amsterdam-topografie.jpg/440px-Amsterdam-topografie.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3812" data-file-height="3766" /></a></span></div> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;text-align:start"><table align="center" style="width:auto; cellspacing:1; cellpadding:0%; border:0; margin:0; display:table;"><tbody><tr><td align="center" style="width:auto; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ficheiro:Amsterdam_location_map.svg&amp;lang=gl" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Amsterdam_location_map.svg/langgl-133px-Amsterdam_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="133" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Amsterdam_location_map.svg/langgl-200px-Amsterdam_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Amsterdam_location_map.svg/langgl-266px-Amsterdam_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="577" /></a></span> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727?uselang=gl#P242" title="Editar o valor en Wikidata"><img alt="Editar o valor en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </td> <td align="center" style="width:auto; vertical-align:middle;"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container floatright" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="150" data-height="150" data-zoom="9" data-lat="52.37" data-lon="4.88" data-overlays="[&quot;_c7aeb8ffd2c6749b2a106f680a2768ee88690173&quot;]" href="/wiki/Especial:Map/9/52.37/4.88/gl"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,9,52.37,4.88,150x150.png?lang=gl&amp;domain=gl.wikipedia.org&amp;title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;revid=6771564&amp;groups=_c7aeb8ffd2c6749b2a106f680a2768ee88690173" width="150" height="150" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,9,52.37,4.88,150x150@2x.png?lang=gl&amp;domain=gl.wikipedia.org&amp;title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;revid=6771564&amp;groups=_c7aeb8ffd2c6749b2a106f680a2768ee88690173 2x" alt="Mapa" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" align="center" style="width:auto; vertical-align:middle;"><small>&#160;<span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="http://tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?language=gl&amp;pagename=%C3%81msterdam&amp;params=52.37_N_4.88_E_region:"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Mapas, fotos e outros datos de 52°22′N 4°53′L"><span class="latitude">52°22′N </span><span class="longitude">4°53′L</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Mapas, fotos e outros datos de 52.37 4.88"><span class="geo"><span class="latitude">52.37, </span><span class="longitude">4.88</span></span></span></span></a></span></small></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;text-align:start"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;text-align:start"></td></tr><tr><td class="infobox-label"><b>Estado</b></td><td><a href="/wiki/Reino_dos_Pa%C3%ADses_Baixos" title="Reino dos Países Baixos">Reino dos Países Baixos</a></td></tr><tr><td class="infobox-label"><b>País</b></td><td><a href="/wiki/Pa%C3%ADses_Baixos" title="Países Baixos">Países Baixos</a></td></tr><tr><td class="infobox-label"><b>Provincias</b></td><td><a href="/wiki/Holanda_Setentrional" title="Holanda Setentrional">Holanda Setentrional</a></td></tr><tr><td class="infobox-label"><b>Concello</b></td><td><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q9899" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q9899">Ámsterdam</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727?uselang=gl#P131" title="Editar o valor en Wikidata"><img alt="Editar o valor en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital de</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><div style="text-align:start;"><a href="/wiki/Reino_dos_Pa%C3%ADses_Baixos" title="Reino dos Países Baixos">Reino dos Países Baixos</a> <small>(1839–) <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727?uselang=gl#P1376" title="Editar o valor en Wikidata"><img alt="Editar o valor en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></small></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;text-align:start"></td></tr><tr><td class="infobox-label"><b>Canle</b></td><td> </td></tr><tr><td class="infobox-label"><b>Ponte</b></td><td>1.281 <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727?uselang=gl#P2670" title="Editar o valor en Wikidata"><img alt="Editar o valor en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox_headerclass_botton_top infobox_headerclass_solid" style="text-align:center">Poboación</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Poboación</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start">921.468 <small>(2023)<small> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727?uselang=gl#P1082" title="Editar o valor en Wikidata"><img alt="Editar o valor en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> (4.207,62 <small>hab./km²</small>)</small></small></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox_headerclass_botton_top infobox_headerclass_solid" style="text-align:center">Xeografía</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parte de</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><div style="text-align:start;"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2155652" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q2155652">Amstelland</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155652?uselang=gl" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727?uselang=gl#P361" title="Editar o valor en Wikidata"><img alt="Editar o valor en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Superficie</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start">219 km² <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727?uselang=gl#P2046" title="Editar o valor en Wikidata"><img alt="Editar o valor en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Auga</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start">24,23&#160;% <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727?uselang=gl#P2927" title="Editar o valor en Wikidata"><img alt="Editar o valor en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Bañado por</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><a href="/wiki/R%C3%ADo_Amstel" title="Río Amstel">Río Amstel</a>, <a href="/wiki/R%C3%ADo_IJ" title="Río IJ">Río IJ</a> e <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1653947" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q1653947">IJmeer</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1653947?uselang=gl" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727?uselang=gl#P206" title="Editar o valor en Wikidata"><img alt="Editar o valor en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Altitude</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start">−2 m <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727?uselang=gl#P2044" title="Editar o valor en Wikidata"><img alt="Editar o valor en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox_headerclass_botton_top infobox_headerclass_solid" style="text-align:center">Datos históricos</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Creación</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start">1300 <sup>(Gregoriano)</sup> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727?uselang=gl#P571" title="Editar o valor en Wikidata"><img alt="Editar o valor en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;text-align:start"><div style=""><b>Evento clave</b></div><div style="text-align:start;"><table><tbody><tr><td class="infobox-label">1421 <sup>(Gregoriano)</sup></td><td><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q838718" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q838718">city fire</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q838718?uselang=gl" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="infobox-label">1572 <sup>(Gregoriano)</sup></td><td><a href="/wiki/Asedio" title="Asedio">asedio</a></td></tr><tr><td class="infobox-label">12 de agosto de 1572</td><td><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3110528" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q3110528">Blockades of Amsterdam</a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3110528?uselang=gl" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="infobox-label">1928</td><td><a href="/wiki/Xogos_Ol%C3%ADmpicos_de_1928" title="Xogos Olímpicos de 1928">Xogos Olímpicos de 1928</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727?uselang=gl#P793" title="Editar o valor en Wikidata"><img alt="Editar o valor en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox_headerclass_botton_top infobox_headerclass_solid" style="text-align:center">Organización política</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">&#8226;&#160;Alcaldesa <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727?uselang=gl#P1313" title="Editar o valor en Wikidata"><img alt="Editar o valor en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q288283" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q288283">Femke Halsema</a> <small>(2018–) <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727?uselang=gl#P6" title="Editar o valor en Wikidata"><img alt="Editar o valor en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Membro de</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><div style="text-align:start;"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q9383972" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q9383972">Liga de Cidades Históricas</a> <br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q67652870" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q67652870">Federación Mundial de Cidades Turísticas</a> <br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q15477956" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q15477956">Rede Internacional de Cidades de Refuxio</a> <br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q485087" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q485087">Grupo C40 de Grandes Cidades para a Liderança Climática</a> <sup>(pt)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485087?uselang=gl" title="Traducir"><img alt="Traducir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> <small>(2007–) <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727?uselang=gl#P463" title="Editar o valor en Wikidata"><img alt="Editar o valor en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></small></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox_headerclass_botton_top infobox_headerclass_solid" style="text-align:center">Identificador descritivo</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Código postal</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start">1000–1098 e 1100–1109 <span class="penicon" data-bridge-edit-flow="single-best-value"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727?uselang=gl#P281" title="Editar o valor en Wikidata"><img alt="Editar o valor en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fuso horario</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><div style="text-align:start;"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6655" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q6655">UTC+01:00</a>, <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1777301" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q1777301">horario estándar</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Tempo_central_europeo" title="Tempo central europeo">Tempo central europeo</a>, <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1777301" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q1777301">horario estándar</a><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6723" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q6723">UTC+02:00</a>, <a href="/wiki/Horario_de_ver%C3%A1n" title="Horario de verán">horario de verán</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727?uselang=gl#P421" title="Editar o valor en Wikidata"><img alt="Editar o valor en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Prefixo telefónico</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start">20 <span class="penicon" data-bridge-edit-flow="single-best-value"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727?uselang=gl#P473" title="Editar o valor en Wikidata"><img alt="Editar o valor en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;text-align:start"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Código BAG</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bagviewer.kadaster.nl/lvbag/bag-viewer/index.html#?objectId=3594&amp;detailsObjectId=3594">3594</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727?uselang=gl#P981" title="Editar o valor en Wikidata"><img alt="Editar o valor en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox_headerclass_botton_top infobox_headerclass_solid" style="text-align:center">Outro</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Irmandado con</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><div style="text-align:start;"><a href="/wiki/Varna" title="Varna">Varna</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Riga" title="Riga">Riga</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Recife" title="Recife">Recife</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727?uselang=gl#P190" title="Editar o valor en Wikidata"><img alt="Editar o valor en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span>../... 23+</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;text-align:start"><hr /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Sitio web</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://amsterdam.nl">amsterdam.nl</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727?uselang=gl#P856" title="Editar o valor en Wikidata"><img alt="Editar o valor en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;text-align:start"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/gemeenteamsterdam?locale=gl_ES" title="Facebook: gemeenteamsterdam" rel="nofollow"><img alt="Facebook: gemeenteamsterdam" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/F_icon.svg/20px-F_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/F_icon.svg/30px-F_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/F_icon.svg/40px-F_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.twitter.com/AmsterdamNL?lang=gl" title="Twitter: AmsterdamNL" rel="nofollow"><img alt="Twitter: AmsterdamNL" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/X_logo_2023.svg/20px-X_logo_2023.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/X_logo_2023.svg/30px-X_logo_2023.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/X_logo_2023.svg/40px-X_logo_2023.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="271" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.instagram.com/gemeenteamsterdam" title="Instagram: gemeenteamsterdam" rel="nofollow"><img alt="Instagram: gemeenteamsterdam" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Instagram_logo_2016.svg/20px-Instagram_logo_2016.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Instagram_logo_2016.svg/30px-Instagram_logo_2016.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Instagram_logo_2016.svg/40px-Instagram_logo_2016.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="132" data-file-height="132" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/gemeente-amsterdam" title="LinkedIn: gemeente-amsterdam" rel="nofollow"><img alt="LinkedIn: gemeente-amsterdam" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/LinkedIn_icon.svg/20px-LinkedIn_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/LinkedIn_icon.svg/30px-LinkedIn_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/LinkedIn_icon.svg/40px-LinkedIn_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="72" data-file-height="72" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://datos.bne.es/persona/XX450853" title="BNE: XX450853" rel="nofollow"><img alt="BNE: XX450853" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/BNE_logo.svg/20px-BNE_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/BNE_logo.svg/30px-BNE_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/BNE_logo.svg/40px-BNE_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1437" data-file-height="1188" /></a></span> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727?uselang=gl#identifiers" title="Editar o valor en Wikidata"><img alt="Editar o valor en Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Ámsterdam</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> ou <b>Ámsterdan</b><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup> (en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_neerlandesa" title="Lingua neerlandesa">neerlandés</a>&#58;&#160;<i>Amsterdam</i>,&#160;<a href="/wiki/Alfabeto_fon%C3%A9tico_internacional" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfabeto fonético internacional">[ˌɑmstərˈdɑm]</a>&#160;<small>(AFI)</small>,&#160;<span class="unicode" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Nl-Amsterdam.ogg" title="Nl-Amsterdam.ogg"><img alt="Nl-Amsterdam.ogg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/11px-Loudspeaker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/17px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/22px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> <a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cd/Nl-Amsterdam.ogg" class="internal" title="Nl-Amsterdam.ogg">escoitar</a></span>) é a capital e cidade máis grande dos <a href="/wiki/Pa%C3%ADses_Baixos" title="Países Baixos">Países Baixos</a>, situada na provincia de <a href="/wiki/Holanda_Setentrional" title="Holanda Setentrional">Holanda Setentrional</a> no oeste do país. A cidade ten unha poboación de 760.000 habitantes, un millón e medio se se conta a súa área metropolitana. Ademais a cidade forma parte do <a href="/wiki/Randstad" title="Randstad">Randstad</a> (xunto coas cidades de <a href="/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam">Rotterdam</a> e <a href="/wiki/A_Haia" title="A Haia">A Haia</a>), a sexta das conurbanizacións máis grandes de Europa, cunha poboación de ao redor de 6,7 millóns de habitantes. </p><p>O seu nome deriva de <i>Amstel Dam</i>, indicativo da orixe da cidade: unha presa (<i>dam</i>) no <a href="/wiki/R%C3%ADo_Amstel" title="Río Amstel">río Amstel</a>, que se atopaba no que hoxe é a <a href="/wiki/Praza_Dam" title="Praza Dam">praza Dam</a>. Asentada como unha pequena aldea de pescadores no <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XII" title="Século XII">século XII</a>, Ámsterdan chegou a ser un dos portos máis importantes do mundo no <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XVII" title="Século XVII">século XVII</a>, durante a Idade de Ouro Neerlandesa, como resultado dos seus innovadores desenvolvementos no campo do comercio. O centro histórico da cidade foi construído en gran parte durante esta época e é hoxe en día un dos centros históricos máis grandes de Europa. Naquela época construíronse unha serie de canles semicirculares ao redor do casco antigo xa existente da cidade. É coñecida coloquialmente como a "<a href="/wiki/Venecia" title="Venecia">Venecia</a> do norte". </p><p>A cidade é a capital financeira e cultural dos <a href="/wiki/Pa%C3%ADses_Baixos" title="Países Baixos">Países Baixos</a>. Moitas das máis grandes institucións neerlandesas teñen aquí a súa sede, estando entre elas 7 das 500 compañías máis importantes do mundo, como <a href="/wiki/Philips" title="Philips">Philips</a> ou <a href="/w/index.php?title=Internationale_Nederlanden_Groep&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Internationale Nederlanden Groep (a páxina aínda non existe)">ING</a>. As súas <a href="/wiki/Canles_de_%C3%81msterdam" title="Canles de Ámsterdam">históricas canles</a>, o <a href="/wiki/Rijksmuseum" title="Rijksmuseum">Rijksmuseum</a>, o <a href="/wiki/Museo_van_Gogh" title="Museo van Gogh">Museo van Gogh</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Casa_de_Anne_Frank" title="Casa de Anne Frank">casa de Anne Frank</a>, o seu <a href="/wiki/Barrio_vermello" title="Barrio vermello">barrio vermello</a> e os seus numerosos <i>coffee-shops</i>, son as principais atraccións de Ámsterdan, que atraen a 4,2 millóns de turistas cada ano.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historia">Historia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Editar a sección: «Historia»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Historia"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="detail principal"> <dl><dd><span><span><i>Artigo principal</i><i>:</i> <a href="/wiki/Historia_de_%C3%81msterdam" title="Historia de Ámsterdam">Historia de Ámsterdam</a>.</span></span></dd></dl></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Amsterdam_in_1538_-_bMA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Amsterdam_in_1538_-_bMA.jpg/220px-Amsterdam_in_1538_-_bMA.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Amsterdam_in_1538_-_bMA.jpg/330px-Amsterdam_in_1538_-_bMA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Amsterdam_in_1538_-_bMA.jpg/440px-Amsterdam_in_1538_-_bMA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="740" data-file-height="539" /></a><figcaption>Ámsterdan en <a href="/wiki/1538" title="1538">1538</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Nos principios da súa existencia, Ámsterdan non era máis nada que un pobo de pescadores. Segundo as lendas, a cidade foi fundada por dous pescadores da provincia norteña de <a href="/wiki/Frisia" class="mw-redirect" title="Frisia">Frisia</a>, que por casualidade acabaron nas beiras do <a href="/wiki/R%C3%ADo_Amstel" title="Río Amstel">río Amstel</a> nunha barquiña xunto ao seu can. </p><p>A data tradicional da fundación da cidade é o <a href="/wiki/27_de_outubro" title="27 de outubro">27 de outubro</a> de <a href="/wiki/1275" title="1275">1275</a>, data na que se lles retirou aos seus habitantes a obriga de pagar peaxes, que por entón estaban asociados coas pontes neerlandesas. No ano <a href="/wiki/1300" title="1300">1300</a> concedéronlle os dereitos oficiais de cidade. A partir do <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XIV" title="Século XIV">século XIV</a> Ámsterdan comezou a florecer como centro comercial, maioritariamente a base do comercio con outras cidades neerlandesas e alemás, coñecidas como a <a href="/wiki/Liga_Hanse%C3%A1tica" title="Liga Hanseática">Liga Hanseática</a>. </p><p>No <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XVI" title="Século XVI">século XVI</a>, comezou o conflito entre os neerlandeses e <a href="/wiki/Filipe_II_de_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Filipe II de España">Filipe II de España</a>. Esta confrontación causou unha guerra que durou 80 anos, e que finalmente lle deu aos Países Baixos a súa independencia. Xa por esa época, despois da ruptura con España, a república neerlandesa ía gañando fama pola súa tolerancia con respecto ás relixións. Entre outros, buscaban refuxio en Ámsterdan xudeus sefardís de <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> e <a href="/wiki/Espa%C3%B1a" title="España">España</a>, comerciantes de <a href="/wiki/Anveres" title="Anveres">Anveres</a>, e <a href="/wiki/Protestantismo" title="Protestantismo">hugonotes</a> de Francia, que nos seus países eran perseguidos pola súa relixión. </p><p>O <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XVII" title="Século XVII">século XVII</a> considérase a súa <i>Idade de Ouro</i>. A principios dese século, Ámsterdan converteuse nunha das cidades máis ricas do mundo. Dende o seu porto, saían embarcacións cara ao <a href="/wiki/Mar_B%C3%A1ltico" title="Mar Báltico">mar Báltico</a>, <a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rica_do_Norte" title="América do Norte">América do Norte</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%81frica" title="África">África</a> e as terras que agora representan <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> e o <a href="/wiki/Brasil" title="Brasil">Brasil</a>. Desta forma foi creada a base dunha rede comercial mundial. Os comerciantes de Ámsterdan posuían a maior parte da <a href="/wiki/Compa%C3%B1%C3%ADa_Holandesa_das_Indias_Orientais" title="Compañía Holandesa das Indias Orientais">Compañía Holandesa das Indias Orientais</a> ou VOC. Esta organización instalouse nos países que logo pasarían a ser colonias de Holanda. Nesa época Ámsterdan era o principal porto comercial de Europa e o centro financeiro máis grande do mundo. A <a href="/wiki/Bolsa_de_%C3%81msterdan" title="Bolsa de Ámsterdan">Bolsa de Ámsterdan</a> foi a primeira que funcionou a diario. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Berckheyde,_Gerrit_-_Dam_square_Amsterdam_-_Gem%C3%A4ldegalerie_Alte_Meister_(Dresden).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Berckheyde%2C_Gerrit_-_Dam_square_Amsterdam_-_Gem%C3%A4ldegalerie_Alte_Meister_%28Dresden%29.jpg/220px-Berckheyde%2C_Gerrit_-_Dam_square_Amsterdam_-_Gem%C3%A4ldegalerie_Alte_Meister_%28Dresden%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Berckheyde%2C_Gerrit_-_Dam_square_Amsterdam_-_Gem%C3%A4ldegalerie_Alte_Meister_%28Dresden%29.jpg/330px-Berckheyde%2C_Gerrit_-_Dam_square_Amsterdam_-_Gem%C3%A4ldegalerie_Alte_Meister_%28Dresden%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Berckheyde%2C_Gerrit_-_Dam_square_Amsterdam_-_Gem%C3%A4ldegalerie_Alte_Meister_%28Dresden%29.jpg/440px-Berckheyde%2C_Gerrit_-_Dam_square_Amsterdam_-_Gem%C3%A4ldegalerie_Alte_Meister_%28Dresden%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1081" data-file-height="770" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Praza_Dam" title="Praza Dam">praza Dam</a> a finais do século XVII</figcaption></figure> <p>A poboación da cidade medrou lixeiramente de 10.000 no ano <a href="/wiki/1500" title="1500">1500</a>, a 30.000 ao redor do ano <a href="/wiki/1570" title="1570">1570</a>. No ano <a href="/wiki/1700" title="1700">1700</a> este número xa acadara os 200.000. Durante os séculos XVIII e XIX e até antes da <a href="/wiki/Primeira_guerra_mundial" title="Primeira guerra mundial">primeira</a> e <a href="/wiki/Segunda_guerra_mundial" title="Segunda guerra mundial">segunda guerra mundial</a>, o número de habitantes incrementou a non menos dun 300%, acadando os 800.000 habitantes. A partir de entón, e até a actualidade, o número foi relativamente constante. </p><p>Tralas guerras entre a república de Holanda e o <a href="/wiki/Reino_Unido" title="Reino Unido">Reino Unido</a> e <a href="/wiki/Francia" title="Francia">Francia</a>, durante o <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XVIII" title="Século XVIII">século XVIII</a> e a principios do <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XIX" title="Século XIX">século XIX</a>, a prosperidade da cidade deixou de florecer. Sobre todo as <a href="/wiki/Guerras_Napole%C3%B3nicas" class="mw-redirect" title="Guerras Napoleónicas">Guerras Napoleónicas</a> arrebataron as fortunas de Ámsterdan. A pesar diso, cando se estableceu oficialmente o Reino dos <a href="/wiki/Pa%C3%ADses_Baixos" title="Países Baixos">Países Baixos</a> no ano <a href="/wiki/1815" title="1815">1815</a>, a situación comezou a mellorar. Neste período unha das persoas clave das novas iniciativas foi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_Sarphati&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Samuel Sarphati (a páxina aínda non existe)">Samuel Sarphati</a>, un médico e planificador urbano, que trouxo a súa inspiración dende París. </p><p>As últimas décadas do <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XIX" title="Século XIX">século XIX</a> adóitanse denominar como a "segunda Idade de Ouro", porque entre outros, construíronse novos museos, unha estación de tren e o <i>Concertgebouw</i>, que é o teatro musical da cidade. No mesmo período chegou á cidade a <a href="/wiki/Revoluci%C3%B3n_Industrial" title="Revolución Industrial">Revolución Industrial</a>. Construíronse novas canles e vías marítimas para así mellorar a conexión entre Ámsterdan e o resto de Europa. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:KeizersgrachtReguliersgrachtAmsterdam.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/KeizersgrachtReguliersgrachtAmsterdam.jpg/200px-KeizersgrachtReguliersgrachtAmsterdam.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/KeizersgrachtReguliersgrachtAmsterdam.jpg/300px-KeizersgrachtReguliersgrachtAmsterdam.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/KeizersgrachtReguliersgrachtAmsterdam.jpg/400px-KeizersgrachtReguliersgrachtAmsterdam.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>O Keizersgracht de noite.</figcaption></figure> <p>Xusto antes de que empezase a <a href="/wiki/Primeira_guerra_mundial" title="Primeira guerra mundial">primeira guerra mundial</a> a cidade comezouse a expandir, construíndo novos barrios residenciais nos arredores. Durante esta guerra, os <a href="/wiki/Pa%C3%ADses_Baixos" title="Países Baixos">Países Baixos</a> tomaron unha posición neutral, mais aínda así a poboación sufriu moita fame e unha grave falta de subministración de gas. </p><p>Tempo despois o <a href="/wiki/Terceiro_Reich" class="mw-redirect" title="Terceiro Reich">Terceiro Reich</a> invadiu os Países Baixos o día <a href="/wiki/10_de_maio" title="10 de maio">10 de maio</a> de <a href="/wiki/1940" title="1940">1940</a>, tomando o control da nacións despois de cinco días de loita. Os alemáns instalaron un goberno civil nazi en Ámsterdan, que se encargaba da persecución dos xudeus. Tamén os neerlandeses que axudaban e protexían ás vítimas foron perseguidos. Máis de 100.000 xudeus foron deportados a <a href="/wiki/Campos_de_concentraci%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Campos de concentración">campos de concentración</a>. Entre eles atopábase <a href="/wiki/Anne_Frank" title="Anne Frank">Anne Frank</a>. Só 5.000 xudeus sobreviviron a guerra. Durante os últimos meses da guerra, en <a href="/wiki/1945" title="1945">1945</a>, a comunicación co resto do país cortouse e a poboación sufriu unha grave escaseza de comida e enerxía. Moitos habitantes de Ámsterdan tiveron que ir ao campo en procura dalgún tipo de alimentación. Para sobrevivir, consumíronse cans, gatos ou os bulbos das flores. Moitas árbores de Ámsterdan usáronse para obter enerxía, igual que a madeira das casas dos que desapareceran. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Xeografía_e_clima"><span id="Xeograf.C3.ADa_e_clima"></span>Xeografía e clima</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Editar a sección: «Xeografía e clima»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Xeografía e clima"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Amsterdam_Photo_2020_Copernicus_Sentinel-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Amsterdam_Photo_2020_Copernicus_Sentinel-2.jpg/220px-Amsterdam_Photo_2020_Copernicus_Sentinel-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Amsterdam_Photo_2020_Copernicus_Sentinel-2.jpg/330px-Amsterdam_Photo_2020_Copernicus_Sentinel-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Amsterdam_Photo_2020_Copernicus_Sentinel-2.jpg/440px-Amsterdam_Photo_2020_Copernicus_Sentinel-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2819" data-file-height="2289" /></a><figcaption>Imaxe satélite de Ámsterdan</figcaption></figure> <p>Como parte da <a href="/wiki/Provincias_dos_Pa%C3%ADses_Baixos" title="Provincias dos Países Baixos">provincia</a> de <a href="/wiki/Holanda_Setentrional" title="Holanda Setentrional">Holanda Setentrional</a>, Ámsterdam está situada no noroeste dos <a href="/wiki/Pa%C3%ADses_Baixos" title="Países Baixos">Países Baixos</a>, preto sas provincias de <a href="/wiki/Provincia_de_Utrecht" title="Provincia de Utrecht">Utrecht</a> e <a href="/wiki/Flevoland" title="Flevoland">Flevoland</a>. O <a href="/wiki/R%C3%ADo_Amstel" title="Río Amstel">río Amstel</a> remata no centro da cidade nun gran número de canles que, eventualmente, desembocan no <a href="/wiki/R%C3%ADo_IJ" title="Río IJ">río IJ</a>. Ámsterdam está situada 2 metros por riba do nivel do mar e as terras que a rodean son chaira, xa que está formada por grandes <a href="/wiki/P%C3%B3lder" title="Pólder">pólderes</a>. Cara ao suroeste da cidade hai unha fraga artificial chamada Amsterdamse Bos. Ámsterdam está conectada co <a href="/wiki/Mar_do_Norte" title="Mar do Norte">Mar do Norte</a> a través dun Canal. </p><p>Ámsterdam está intensamente urbanizada. Comprende 219,4 quilómetros cadrados de terra, contando cunha axeitada densidade de de 4459 habitantes e 2275 casas por quilómetro cadrado.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup> Os parques e reservas naturais constitúen o 12% da superficie.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A cidade ten un clima moderado, baixo forte influencia do <a href="/wiki/Oc%C3%A9ano_Atl%C3%A1ntico" title="Océano Atlántico">Océano Atlántico</a> ao oeste e os ventos que provén del. Os invernos adoitan ser fríos, pero non extremos, aínda que temperaturas baixo cero son moi frecuentes. Adoita nevar dous ou tres días ao ano. Os veráns son calorosos con temperaturas ao redor dos 25&#160;°C, mais tampouco extremas, agás algunha onda de calor. O que sucede é que se trata dun clima extremadamente húmido polo que os 25 graos poden resultar moi abafantes. </p><p>Aínda que a cidade sofre moitos días chuviosos, non recibe máis de 760&#160;mm de precipitacións ao ano e case sempre se trata de chuvascos moi moderados. Isto é porque o tempo é moi inestable e nun mesmo día pódense dar todas as posibilidades: sol, choiva, nubes, saraiba etc. </p> <table class="wikitable collapsible" style="width:90%; text-align:center; font-size:90%; line-height: 1.2em; margin:auto;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Datos climáticos para <a href="/wiki/Aeroporto_de_%C3%81msterdam-Schiphol" title="Aeroporto de Ámsterdam-Schiphol">Aeroporto de Ámsterdam-Schiphol</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Mes </th> <th><abbr title="Xaneiro">Xan</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Febreiro">Feb</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Marzo">Mar</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Abril">Abr</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Maio">Mai</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Xuño">Xuñ</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Xullo">Xul</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Agosto">Ago</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Setembro">Set</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Outubro">Out</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Novembro">Nov</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Decembro">Dec</abbr> </th> <th style="border-left-width:medium">Anual </th></tr> <tr> <th height="16">Temperatura máxima en °C </th> <td style="background:#FFBE7D;color:#000000;text-align:center;">13,9 </td> <td style="background:#FFAB58;color:#000000;text-align:center;">16,6 </td> <td style="background:#FF8C1A;color:#000000;text-align:center;">21,1 </td> <td style="background:#FF6300;color:#000000;text-align:center;">27,0 </td> <td style="background:#FF4400;color:#000000;text-align:center;">31,5 </td> <td style="background:#FF3900;color:#000000;text-align:center;">33,2 </td> <td style="background:#FF3F00;color:#000000;text-align:center;">32,3 </td> <td style="background:#FF3000;color:#000000;text-align:center;">34,5 </td> <td style="background:#FF5300;color:#000000;text-align:center;">29,4 </td> <td style="background:#FF7100;color:#000000;text-align:center;">25,0 </td> <td style="background:#FFA54B;color:#000000;text-align:center;">17,5 </td> <td style="background:#FFB367;color:#000000;text-align:center;">15,5 </td> <td style="background:#FF3000;color:#000000;text-align:center; border-left-width:medium">34,5 </td></tr> <tr> <th height="16">Media máxima en °C </th> <td style="background:#FFF6ED;color:#000000;text-align:center;">5,8 </td> <td style="background:#FFF2E6;color:#000000;text-align:center;">6,3 </td> <td style="background:#FFDBB8;color:#000000;text-align:center;">9,6 </td> <td style="background:#FFC082;color:#000000;text-align:center;">13,5 </td> <td style="background:#FFA64D;color:#000000;text-align:center;">17,4 </td> <td style="background:#FF962D;color:#000000;text-align:center;">19,7 </td> <td style="background:#FF860D;color:#000000;text-align:center;">22,0 </td> <td style="background:#FF850C;color:#000000;text-align:center;">22,1 </td> <td style="background:#FF9C39;color:#000000;text-align:center;">18,8 </td> <td style="background:#FFBA75;color:#000000;text-align:center;">14,5 </td> <td style="background:#FFDBB7;color:#000000;text-align:center;">9,7 </td> <td style="background:#FFF1E4;color:#000000;text-align:center;">6,4 </td> <td style="background:#FFBE7E;color:#000000;text-align:center; border-left-width:medium">13,82 </td></tr> <tr> <th height="16">Media diaria en °C </th> <td style="background:#F9F9FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">3,4 </td> <td style="background:#F9F9FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">3,5 </td> <td style="background:#FFF3E8;color:#000000;text-align:center;">6,1 </td> <td style="background:#FFDFBF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">9,1 </td> <td style="background:#FFC58B;color:#000000;text-align:center;">12,9 </td> <td style="background:#FFB368;color:#000000;text-align:center;">15,4 </td> <td style="background:#FFA44A;color:#000000;text-align:center;">17,6 </td> <td style="background:#FFA54B;color:#000000;text-align:center;">17,5 </td> <td style="background:#FFB872;color:#000000;text-align:center;">14,7 </td> <td style="background:#FFD2A5;color:#000000;text-align:center;">11,0 </td> <td style="background:#FFEDDB;color:#000000;text-align:center;">7,1 </td> <td style="background:#FCFCFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">4,0 </td> <td style="background:#FFD7B0;color:#000000;text-align:center; border-left-width:medium">10,19 </td></tr> <tr> <th height="16">Media mínima en °C </th> <td style="background:#EBEBFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">0,8 </td> <td style="background:#E9E9FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">0,5 </td> <td style="background:#F4F4FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">2,6 </td> <td style="background:#FFFEFD;color:#000000;text-align:center;">4,6 </td> <td style="background:#FFE5CC;color:#000000;text-align:center;">8,2 </td> <td style="background:#FFD3A8;color:#000000;text-align:center;">10,8 </td> <td style="background:#FFCB97;color:#000000;text-align:center;">12,0 </td> <td style="background:#FFCC9A;color:#000000;text-align:center;">11,8 </td> <td style="background:#FFD4AA;color:#000000;text-align:center;">10,6 </td> <td style="background:#FFEAD5;color:#000000;text-align:center;">7,5 </td> <td style="background:#FDFDFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">4,2 </td> <td style="background:#EEEEFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">1,5 </td> <td style="background:#FFF2E6;color:#000000;text-align:center; border-left-width:medium">6,26 </td></tr> <tr> <th height="16">Temperatura mínima en °C </th> <td style="background:#9393FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">−15,4 </td> <td style="background:#9595FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">−15,0 </td> <td style="background:#AAAAFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">−11,1 </td> <td style="background:#CDCDFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">−4,7 </td> <td style="background:#E0E0FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">−1,1 </td> <td style="background:#F3F3FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">2,3 </td> <td style="background:#FFFBF8;color:#000000;text-align:center;">5,0 </td> <td style="background:#FFFBF8;color:#000000;text-align:center;">5,0 </td> <td style="background:#F1F1FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">2,0 </td> <td style="background:#D4D4FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">−3,4 </td> <td style="background:#C1C1FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">−6,9 </td> <td style="background:#9696FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">−14,8 </td> <td style="background:#9393FF;color:#000000;text-align:center; border-left-width:medium">−15,4 </td></tr> <tr> <th height="16"><a href="/wiki/Precipitaci%C3%B3n_(meteorolox%C3%ADa)" title="Precipitación (meteoroloxía)">Precipitación</a> media mm </th> <td style="background:#9BFF9B;color:#000000;text-align:center;">66,6 </td> <td style="background:#ABFFAB;color:#000000;text-align:center;">50,6 </td> <td style="background:#A4FFA4;color:#000000;text-align:center;">60,6 </td> <td style="background:#C0FFC0;color:#000000;text-align:center;">40,9 </td> <td style="background:#ACFFAC;color:#000000;text-align:center;">55,6 </td> <td style="background:#99FF99;color:#000000;text-align:center;">66,0 </td> <td style="background:#8DFF8D;color:#000000;text-align:center;">76,5 </td> <td style="background:#7EFF7E;color:#000000;text-align:center;">85,9 </td> <td style="background:#80FF80;color:#000000;text-align:center;">82,4 </td> <td style="background:#79FF79;color:#000000;text-align:center;">89,6 </td> <td style="background:#78FF78;color:#000000;text-align:center;">87,2 </td> <td style="background:#8DFF8D;color:#000000;text-align:center;">76,3 </td> <td style="background:#94FF94;color:#000000;text-align:center; border-left-width:medium">838,2 </td></tr> <tr> <th height="16">Media de días con precipitacións <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 1&#160;mm)</span> </th> <td style="background:#6A6AFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">12 </td> <td style="background:#7676FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">10 </td> <td style="background:#7777FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">11 </td> <td style="background:#8C8CFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">9 </td> <td style="background:#8383FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">10 </td> <td style="background:#7F7FFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">10 </td> <td style="background:#8383FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">10 </td> <td style="background:#8383FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">10 </td> <td style="background:#6666FF;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">12 </td> <td style="background:#5E5EFF;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">13 </td> <td style="background:#5959FF;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">13 </td> <td style="background:#5E5EFF;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">13 </td> <td style="background:#7474FF;color:#000000;text-align:center; border-left-width:medium">132 </td></tr> <tr> <th height="16">Media de días con neve </th> <td style="background:#B4B4FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">6 </td> <td style="background:#ADADFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">6 </td> <td style="background:#CDCDFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">4 </td> <td style="background:#E5E5FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">2 </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">0 </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">0 </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">0 </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">0 </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">0 </td> <td style="background:#FFFFFF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">0 </td> <td style="background:#D8D8FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">3 </td> <td style="background:#C1C1FF;color:#000000;text-align:center;">5 </td> <td style="background:#E3E3FF;color:#000000;text-align:center; border-left-width:medium">26 </td></tr> <tr> <th height="16">Humidade relativa media (%) </th> <td style="background:#0000AD;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">88 </td> <td style="background:#0000B5;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">86 </td> <td style="background:#0000C0;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">83 </td> <td style="background:#0000D3;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">78 </td> <td style="background:#0000DB;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">76 </td> <td style="background:#0000D3;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">78 </td> <td style="background:#0000CF;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">79 </td> <td style="background:#0000CB;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">80 </td> <td style="background:#0000C0;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">83 </td> <td style="background:#0000B5;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">86 </td> <td style="background:#0000A9;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">89 </td> <td style="background:#0000A5;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">90 </td> <td style="background:#0000C0;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center; border-left-width:medium">83 </td></tr> <tr> <th height="16">Media de horas de sol mensuais </th> <td style="background:#737373;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">63,2 </td> <td style="background:#ABAB9F;color:#000000;text-align:center;">87,5 </td> <td style="background:#B9B94E;color:#000000;text-align:center;">126,3 </td> <td style="background:#D5D500;color:#000000;text-align:center;">182,7 </td> <td style="background:#DCDC00;color:#000000;text-align:center;">221,9 </td> <td style="background:#DADA00;color:#000000;text-align:center;">205,7 </td> <td style="background:#DBDB00;color:#000000;text-align:center;">217,0 </td> <td style="background:#D7D700;color:#000000;text-align:center;">197,0 </td> <td style="background:#C1C11E;color:#000000;text-align:center;">139,4 </td> <td style="background:#B1B17D;color:#000000;text-align:center;">109,1 </td> <td style="background:#747474;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">61,7 </td> <td style="background:#5C5C5C;color:#FFFFFF;text-align:center;">50,5 </td> <td style="background:#BFBF26;color:#000000;text-align:center; border-left-width:medium">1&#160;662 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Fonte &#35;1: Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (1981–2010 normals, snowy days normals for 1971–2000)<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span>[</span>8<span>]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%;">Fonte &#35;2: Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (1971–2000 extremes)<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span>[</span>9<span>]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Arquitectura_e_paisaxe_urbana">Arquitectura e paisaxe urbana</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Editar a sección: «Arquitectura e paisaxe urbana»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Arquitectura e paisaxe urbana"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Amsterdam_airphoto.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Amsterdam_airphoto.jpg/220px-Amsterdam_airphoto.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Amsterdam_airphoto.jpg/330px-Amsterdam_airphoto.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Amsterdam_airphoto.jpg/440px-Amsterdam_airphoto.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3704" data-file-height="2446" /></a><figcaption>Fotografía aérea do centro de Ámsterdan.</figcaption></figure> <p>A zona máis antiga de Ámsterdan coñécese como <i>de Wallen</i> (os peiraos). Ao oeste da zona atópase a Damrack, a rúa principal da cidade, onde está o famoso <a href="/wiki/Barrio_vermello" title="Barrio vermello">barrio vermello</a>, e ao sur está o antigo barrio xudeu de Waterlooplein. Dende o <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XVII" title="Século XVII">século XVII</a> un feixe de canais concéntricos rodea o corazón da cidade, son os <i>Grachtengordel</i>, onde destaca a especial beleza das súas edificacións. A praza de <a href="/wiki/Museumplein" title="Museumplein">Museumplein</a>, onde se atopan os principais museos, o Vondelpark, un parque do <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XIX" title="Século XIX">século XIX</a> chamado así polo escritor neerlandés <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joost_van_den_Vondel&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Joost van den Vondel (a páxina aínda non existe)">Joost van den Vondel</a> ou a veciñanza de Plantage, co zoo de Artis, son algúns dos belos lugares que podemos atopar no <i>Grachtengordel</i>. Alén dos <i>Grachtengordel</i> están as antigas áreas de traballadores de <i>Jordaan</i> e de <i>de Pijp</i>. </p><p>Algunhas partes da cidade e o dos arredores da zona urbana son <a href="/wiki/P%C3%B3lder" title="Pólder">pólderes</a>, que se poden recoñecer polo <a href="/wiki/Sufixo" title="Sufixo">sufixo</a> <i>-meer</i> que significa <i>lago</i>, como por exemplo en Aalsmeer, Bijlmermeer, Haarlemmermeer, ou Watergraafsmeer. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canles">Canles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Editar a sección: «Canles»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Canles"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Amsterdam_Canals_-_July_2006.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Amsterdam_Canals_-_July_2006.jpg/220px-Amsterdam_Canals_-_July_2006.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Amsterdam_Canals_-_July_2006.jpg/330px-Amsterdam_Canals_-_July_2006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Amsterdam_Canals_-_July_2006.jpg/440px-Amsterdam_Canals_-_July_2006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4017" data-file-height="2117" /></a><figcaption>Bote no Prinsengracht</figcaption></figure> <p>Os sistema de canles de Ámsterdan é resultado dunha concienciada <a href="/wiki/Historia_de_%C3%81msterdan" class="mw-redirect" title="Historia de Ámsterdan">planificación urbanística</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span>[</span>10<span>]</span></a></sup> A comezos do <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XVII" title="Século XVII">século XVII</a>, cando a inmigración estaba en auxe, un plan foi desenvolto pensando nunha serie de catro canles semicirculares concéntricas, que remataban no <a href="/wiki/IJ_(encoro)" class="mw-redirect" title="IJ (encoro)">IJ</a>. Coñecidos como <i>Grachtengordel</i>, tres desas canles foron principalmente para o desenvolvemento residencial: o <i>Herengracht</i> (Canle dos Cabaleiros), <i>Keizersgracht</i> (Canle do Emperador), e <i>Prinsengracht</i> (Canle do Príncipe). A cuarta canle, a máis exterior, é a <i>Singelgracht</i>, construída para a defensa e a xestión de augas. Ademais o plan prevía: a conexión das canles ao longo dos radios; a creación dunha serie de canles paralelas no barrio de Jordaan, principalmente para fins de transporte; converter a antiga canle defensiva <i>Single</i> (non confundir coa <i>Singelgracht</i>) nunha zona residencial e comercial; e por último construír máis de cen pontes. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:1885_NZVoorburgwal_(Christiaan_le_Blansch).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/1885_NZVoorburgwal_%28Christiaan_le_Blansch%29.jpg/220px-1885_NZVoorburgwal_%28Christiaan_le_Blansch%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/1885_NZVoorburgwal_%28Christiaan_le_Blansch%29.jpg/330px-1885_NZVoorburgwal_%28Christiaan_le_Blansch%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/1885_NZVoorburgwal_%28Christiaan_le_Blansch%29.jpg/440px-1885_NZVoorburgwal_%28Christiaan_le_Blansch%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2555" data-file-height="1570" /></a><figcaption>Canle de Nieuwezijds Voorburgwal, agora reenchida, en 1885</figcaption></figure> <p>A construción comezou en <a href="/wiki/1613" title="1613">1613</a>, de oeste a leste. As construcións de canles no sector sur foi finalmente rematada en <a href="/wiki/1656" title="1656">1656</a>, iniciándose lentamente a construín de vivendas residenciais. A parte leste do plan, que abarcaba a zona do <a href="/wiki/R%C3%ADo_Amstel" title="Río Amstel">Amstel</a> e da <a href="/wiki/IJ_(encoro)" class="mw-redirect" title="IJ (encoro)">IJ</a>, nunca foi levada a cabo. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="A_expansión_de_Ámsterdan"><span id="A_expansi.C3.B3n_de_.C3.81msterdan"></span>A expansión de Ámsterdan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5" title="Editar a sección: «A expansión de Ámsterdan»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: A expansión de Ámsterdan"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Despois do desenvolvemento das canles en Ámsterdan no <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XVII" title="Século XVII">século XVII</a>, a non medrou máis aló das súas fronteiras durante dous séculos. Durante o <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XIX" title="Século XIX">século XIX</a> unha serie de plans foron concibidos para expandir a cidade, o primeiro dos cales era de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_Sarphati&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Samuel Sarphati (a páxina aínda non existe)">Samuel Sarphati</a>. O urbanista ideou un plan baseado na grandeza de <a href="/wiki/Par%C3%ADs" title="París">París</a> e <a href="/wiki/Londres" title="Londres">Londres</a> da época. O plan consistía na construción de novas vivendas, edificios públicos e rúas nas aforas dos <i>grachtengordel</i> porén, o principal obxectivo do plan era mellorar a saúde pública. Aínda que o plan non era expandir a cidade, erguéronse algúns dos maiores edificios públicos até a data, como o <i>Paleis voor Volksvlijt</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span>[</span>11<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span>[</span>12<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Logo de Sarphati, Van Niftrik e Kalff deseñaron un anel enteiro de veciñanzas que rodeaban o centro da cidade no <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XIX" title="Século XIX">século XIX</a>. A maioría destes barrios convertéronse en fogar da clase obreira.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span>[</span>13<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A comezos do <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XX" title="Século XX">século XX</a>, con Ámsterdan superpoboado, comezou unha escaseza de espazo vital. En resposta a isto deseñáronse dous plan moi diferentes de calquera outra cousa que a cidade vira antes: o <i>Plan Zuid</i>, deseñado polo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arquitecto&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Arquitecto (a páxina aínda non existe)">arquitecto</a> <a href="/wiki/Hendrik_Petrus_Berlage" title="Hendrik Petrus Berlage">Hendrik Petrus Berlage</a>, e o <i>West</i>. Estes plans consistían no desenvolvemento de novos barrios con bloques de vivendas para tódalas <a href="/wiki/Clase_social" title="Clase social">clases sociais</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span>[</span>14<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span>[</span>15<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Despois da <a href="/wiki/Segunda_guerra_mundial" title="Segunda guerra mundial">segunda guerra mundial</a> construíronse grandes barrios na zona oeste, sueste e norte da cidade. Estes novos barrios foron erixidos para aliviar á cidade da súa escaseza de espazo vital para dar á xente casas ao alcance das xente coas conveniencias modernas. As veciñanzas consistían principalmente en barrios de grandes bloques de vivendas entre espazos verdes, conectados por amplas estradas, de xeito que fosen accesíbeis facilmente con automóbiles. As urbanizacións da zona oeste construídas neste período fonron coñecidas coma <i>Westelijke Tuinsteden</i>, e as do sueste como o <i>Bijlmer</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span>[</span>16<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span>[</span>17<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arquitectura">Arquitectura</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6" title="Editar a sección: «Arquitectura»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Arquitectura"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Blauwburgwal.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Blauwburgwal.jpg/220px-Blauwburgwal.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="356" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Blauwburgwal.jpg/330px-Blauwburgwal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Blauwburgwal.jpg/440px-Blauwburgwal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3093" data-file-height="5000" /></a><figcaption>Unha casa comercial do <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XVII" title="Século XVII">século XVII</a> á beira dun dos moitos canais.</figcaption></figure> <p>Ámsterdam posúe unha rica <a href="/wiki/Historia_da_arquitectura" title="Historia da arquitectura">historia arquitectónica</a>. O edificio máis vello de Ámsterdan é o <i>het Houten Huys</i><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span>[</span>18<span>]</span></a></sup> nun vello patio do centro da cidade, o Begijnhof. Este edificio de <a href="/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira">madeira</a> foi construído arredor de <a href="/wiki/1425" title="1425">1425</a> e é un dos dous edificios deste material que quedan en pé e é tamén un dos poucos e estraños exemplos de <a href="/wiki/Arquitectura_g%C3%B3tica" title="Arquitectura gótica">arquitectura gótica</a> da capital neerlandesa. </p><p>No <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XVI" title="Século XVI">século XVI</a> os edificios de madeira foron derrubados e no seu lugar foron substituídos polos de <a href="/wiki/Ladrillo" title="Ladrillo">ladrillo</a>. Durante este período moitos edificios foron construídos de acordo co estilo arquitectónico <a href="/wiki/Renacemento" title="Renacemento">renacentista</a>. As edificacións desta época son moi recoñecíbeis, xa que teñen unha fachada que remata na súa parte superior cunha forma de <a href="/wiki/Escaleira" title="Escaleira">escaleira</a>. Este é porén, o estilo renacentista neerlandés común. Ámsterdan rapidamente desenvolveu a súa propia arquitectura renacentista, de acordo cos principios do arquitecto <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hendrick_de_Keyser&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Hendrick de Keyser (a páxina aínda non existe)">Hendrick de Keyser</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span>[</span>19<span>]</span></a></sup> No <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XVII" title="Século XVII">século XVII</a> a a arquitectura <a href="/wiki/Barroco" title="Barroco">barroca</a>, ao igual que noutros lugares de Europa, fíxose moi popular. Isto coincidiu aproximadamente coa idade de ouro da cidade, liderada polos arquitectos <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacob_van_Campen&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacob van Campen (a páxina aínda non existe)">Jacob van Campen</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Philip_Vingboons&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philip Vingboons (a páxina aínda non existe)">Philip Vingboons</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dani%C3%ABl_Stalpaert&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Daniël Stalpaert (a páxina aínda non existe)">Daniël Stalpaert</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span>[</span>20<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Th%C3%A8r%C3%A9se_Schwartzeplein_Amsterdam.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Th%C3%A8r%C3%A9se_Schwartzeplein_Amsterdam.jpg/220px-Th%C3%A8r%C3%A9se_Schwartzeplein_Amsterdam.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Th%C3%A8r%C3%A9se_Schwartzeplein_Amsterdam.jpg/330px-Th%C3%A8r%C3%A9se_Schwartzeplein_Amsterdam.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Th%C3%A8r%C3%A9se_Schwartzeplein_Amsterdam.jpg/440px-Th%C3%A8r%C3%A9se_Schwartzeplein_Amsterdam.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="525" /></a><figcaption>Casas de comezo de principios do <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XX" title="Século XX">século XX</a> de arquitectura da Escola Amsterdamesa</figcaption></figure> <p>Philip Vingboons deseñou numerosas casas de comerciantes en toda a cidade. Un famoso edificio de estilo <a href="/wiki/Barroco" title="Barroco">barroco</a> na cidade é o <a href="/wiki/Palacio_Real_de_%C3%81msterdam" title="Palacio Real de Ámsterdam">Palacio Real</a> na <a href="/wiki/Praza_Dam" title="Praza Dam">praza Dam</a>, dos nomeados Jacob van Campen e Daniël Stalpaert. Ao longo do <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XVIII" title="Século XVIII">século XVIII</a>, Ámsterdan foi fortemente influenciado pola <a href="/wiki/Cultura_francesa" title="Cultura francesa">cultura francesa</a> e isto reflectiuse na arquitectura dese período. Arredor de <a href="/wiki/1815" title="1815">1815</a> os arquitectos romperon co estilo barroco e comezaron a erixir cos diferentes estilos "neo"<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span>[</span>21<span>]</span></a></sup> A maioría dos edificios de estilo <a href="/wiki/Arquitectura_g%C3%B3tica" title="Arquitectura gótica">gótico</a> datan desta época, polo que foron chamados de estilo "neo-gótico" . A finais do <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XIX" title="Século XIX">século XIX</a> os o estilo <a href="/wiki/Art_Nouveau" title="Art Nouveau">Jugendstil</a> ou <a href="/wiki/Art_Nouveau" title="Art Nouveau">Art Nouveau</a> fíxose moi popular e unha gran cantidade destes edificios foron construídos neste novo estilo, destacando as casas nas proximidades da <i><a href="/wiki/Museumplein" title="Museumplein">Museumplein</a></i> (Praza do Museo). O último estilo que foi popular en Ámsterdan antes da <a href="/wiki/Idade_moderna" class="mw-redirect" title="Idade moderna">idade moderna</a> foi a <a href="/wiki/Art_d%C3%A9co" title="Art déco">Art déco</a>, do que Ámsterdan tivo a súa propia versión, o chamado <i>Amsterdamse School</i> ou Escola de Ámsterdan, do cal un exemplo moi importante é o <i>Rivierenbuurt</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span>[</span>22<span>]</span></a></sup> Unha característica notábel das fachadas deseñadas desde estilo é que están moi decoradas e adornadas, curiosamente conformadas con xanelas e portas. </p><p>O centro vello da cidade é o epicentro de todos estes estilos arquitectónicos de antes de finais do <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XIX" title="Século XIX">século XIX</a>. O Jugendstil e o Art Déco atópanse fundamentalmente nos barrios construídos fora deste centro a comezos do <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XX" title="Século XX">século XX</a>, aínda que hai algúns exemplos notábeis destes estilos dentro da cidade vella. A maioría dos edificios históricos no centro da cidade e arredores son casas, como as famosas casas dos mercantes nas beiras das canles. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Goberno">Goberno</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7" title="Editar a sección: «Goberno»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Goberno"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A administración da municipalidade de Ámstermand está dividida en quince ditritos ou <i>stadsdelen</i>; o central, Centrum, está rodeado por Westerpark, Bos en Lommer, De Baarsjes, Oud-West, Oud-Zuid, Oost-Watergraafsmeer, Zeeburg e Ámsterdam-Noord, con outros seis barrios máis rodeandoos.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span>[</span>23<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Definicións"><span id="Definici.C3.B3ns"></span>Definicións</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=8" title="Editar a sección: «Definicións»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Definicións"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:AmsterdamStadsdelen.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/AmsterdamStadsdelen.png/300px-AmsterdamStadsdelen.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="217" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/AmsterdamStadsdelen.png/450px-AmsterdamStadsdelen.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/AmsterdamStadsdelen.png/600px-AmsterdamStadsdelen.png 2x" data-file-width="1029" data-file-height="744" /></a><figcaption>Os quince distrios de Ámsterdam</figcaption></figure> <p>"Amsterdam" é como se coñece en xeral á municipalidade de Ámsterdan. Coloquialmente algunhas zonas do concello, como a vila de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Durgendam&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Durgendam (a páxina aínda non existe)">Durgendam</a> porén, non pode ser considerada como parte da cidade. O instituto de estatística neerlandés, o <i>Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek</i> utiliza tres definicións para Ámsterdan: a aglomeración metropolitana de Ámsterdan (<i>Grootstedelijke Agglomeratie Amsterdam</i>), a Grande Ámsterdan (<i>Groot Amsterdam</i>) e a Rexión Urbana de Ámsterdan (<i>Stadsgewest Amsterdam</i>). Estas definicións non son sinónimos de zona urbana ou <a href="/wiki/%C3%81rea_metropolitana" title="Área metropolitana">área metropolitana</a> que se utilizan para definir as grandes conglomeracións urbanas. O Departamento de Investigacións e Estatística de Ámsterdan utiliza un cuarto nome, a Rexión da Cidade de Ámsterdan, semellante á Grande Ámsterdan, mais incluíndo as municipalidades de Zaanstad e Wormerland e excluíndo Graft-De Rijp. </p><p>A máis pequena destas áreas é a municipalidade, cunha poboación de 742.981 habitantes en <a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CBSpopulation_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CBSpopulation-24"><span>[</span>24<span>]</span></a></sup> A aglomeración metropolitana tiña nese mesmo ano 1.021.870 habitantes,<sup id="cite_ref-CBSpopulation_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CBSpopulation-24"><span>[</span>24<span>]</span></a></sup> incluíndo as municipalidades de Zaanstad, Wormerland, Oostzaan, Diemen e Amstelveen. A Grande Ámsterdan inclúe 15 municipalidades<sup id="cite_ref-COROP_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-COROP-25"><span>[</span>25<span>]</span></a></sup>, e ten unha poboación de 1.211.503 habitantes.<sup id="cite_ref-CBSpopulation_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CBSpopulation-24"><span>[</span>24<span>]</span></a></sup> Aínda que moito máis grande, vese que a poboación desta zona é pouco maior, xa que a definición exclúe a relativamente poboada municipalidade de Zaanstad. A Rexión Urbana de Ámsterdam ten unha poboación de 1.468.122.<sup id="cite_ref-CBSpopulation_24-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CBSpopulation-24"><span>[</span>24<span>]</span></a></sup> Ámsterdam é tamén parte do <a href="/wiki/Randstad" title="Randstad">Randstad</a> unha grande área metropolitana cunha poboación total de 6 659 300 habitantes.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span>[</span>26<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Goberno_local">Goberno local</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=9" title="Editar a sección: «Goberno local»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Goberno local"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Como tódolos concellos neerlandeses, Ámsterdan está gobernada por un <a href="/wiki/Alcalde" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcalde">alcalde</a> (<i>burgemeester</i>) , rexedores (<i>College van Burgemeester en Wethouders</i>), e o consello municipal (<i>Gemeenteraad</i>). Porén, a diferenza da maioría de concellos Ámsterdan está dividida en quince <i>stadsdelen</i> (distritos), un sistema implantado na década de 1990 para mellorar a gobernabilidade local. Catorce deles teñen o seu propio consello, elixido por elección popular. O décimo quinto, Westpoort, que abarca o porto da cidade, como ten moi poucos residentes réxese polo consello municipal. As deicións locais son tomadas a nivel de distrito, só os asuntos relativos a toda a cidade, como os principais proxectos de infraestruturas, son manexados polo consello central da cidade. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Goberno_nacional">Goberno nacional</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=10" title="Editar a sección: «Goberno nacional»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Goberno nacional"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A presente versión da Constitución dos Países Baixos munciona "Ámsterdan" e "capital" nun só lugar, no capítulo 2, artigo 332: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6856698">.mw-parser-output .flexquote{display:flex;flex-direction:column;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border-left:3px solid var(--border-color-subtle,#c8ccd1);font-size:90%;margin:1em 4em;padding:.4em .8em}.mw-parser-output .flexquote>.flex{display:flex;flex-direction:row}.mw-parser-output .flexquote>.flex>.quote{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .flexquote>.flex>.separator{border-left:1px solid var(--border-color-subtle,#c8ccd1);border-top:1px solid var(--border-color-subtle,#c8ccd1);margin:.4em .8em}.mw-parser-output .flexquote>.cite{text-align:right}@media all and (max-width:600px){.mw-parser-output .flexquote>.flex{flex-direction:column}}</style> </p> <blockquote class="flexquote"> <div class="flex"> <div class="quote">O xuramento do Rei e a confirmación da súa coración terá lugar na "Capital de Ámsterdan" ("<i>de hoofdstad Amsterdam</i>")</div> </div> </blockquote><p><a class="external text" href="https://nl.wikisource.org/wiki/Nederlandse_grondwet">Versións previas da constitución</a> falan d'"A cidade de Ámsterdan" ("<i>de stad Amsterdam</i>"), sen mención de capital. En calquera caso, a sede do Goberno, Parlamento e Tribunal Supremo dos Países Baixos sempre (a excepción do breve período entre <a href="/wiki/1808" title="1808">1808</a> e <a href="/wiki/1810" title="1810">1810</a>) localizados n'<a href="/wiki/A_Haia" title="A Haia">A Haia</a>, onde tamén se atopan a maioría das embaixadas. Ámsterdan tampouco é a capital da <a href="/wiki/Provincias_dos_Pa%C3%ADses_Baixos" title="Provincias dos Países Baixos">provincia</a> na que se encontra, <a href="/wiki/Holanda_Setentrional" title="Holanda Setentrional">Holanda Setentrional</a>, xa que esta está localizada <a href="/wiki/Haarlem" title="Haarlem">Haarlem</a>. </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Os_símbolos"><span id="Os_s.C3.ADmbolos"></span>Os símbolos</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=11" title="Editar a sección: «Os símbolos»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Os símbolos"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Wapen_van_Amsterdam_bewerkt.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Wapen_van_Amsterdam_bewerkt.PNG/220px-Wapen_van_Amsterdam_bewerkt.PNG" decoding="async" width="220" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/05/Wapen_van_Amsterdam_bewerkt.PNG 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="184" /></a><figcaption>O Escudo de Armas de Ámsterdan</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Flag_of_Amsterdam.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Amsterdam.svg/220px-Flag_of_Amsterdam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Amsterdam.svg/330px-Flag_of_Amsterdam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Amsterdam.svg/440px-Flag_of_Amsterdam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>A Bandeira de Ámsterdan</figcaption></figure> <p>O escudo de armas de Ámsterdan está composto de varios elementos históricos. </p><p>En primeiro lugar e no centro hai tres Cruces de Santo André, aliñadas nunha banda vertical no escudo da cidade (aínda que o patrón da cidade era San Nicolás). Estas cruces de Santo André tamén se poden atopar nos escudos das cidades veciñas, <a href="/wiki/Amstelveen" title="Amstelveen">Amstelveen</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ouder-Amstel&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ouder-Amstel (a páxina aínda non existe)">Ouder-Amstel</a>. Esta parte do escudo é a base da bandeira da cidade, pendurada no goberno local, máis tamén como estandarte civil nos buques rexistrados en Ámsterdan. Hai historiadores que cren que as cruces representan os tres perigros que máis afectaron a Ámsterdan: inundación, incendio e a <a href="/wiki/Peste_negra" class="mw-redirect" title="Peste negra">peste negra</a>. </p><p>O segundo elemento é a <a href="/wiki/Sacro_Imperio_Romano_Xerm%C3%A1nico" title="Sacro Imperio Romano Xermánico">Coroa Imperial de Austria</a>. En <a href="/wiki/1489" title="1489">1489</a>, en agradecemento polos servizos e os préstamos, <a href="/wiki/Maximiliano_I_do_Sacro_Imperio_Romano_Xerm%C3%A1nico" class="mw-redirect" title="Maximiliano I do Sacro Imperio Romano Xermánico">Maximiliano I</a> concedeu á cidade o dereito de adornar o seu escudo de armas coa "Coroa Real". Máis tarde, cando Maximiliano foi coroado emperador do <a href="/wiki/Sacro_Imperio_Romano_Xerm%C3%A1nico" title="Sacro Imperio Romano Xermánico">Sacro Imperio Romano</a>, o escudo pasou a ter a nova coroa. Nos primeiros anos do <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XVII" title="Século XVII">século XVII</a>, a coroa de Maximiliano foi substituída de novo pola coroa do emperador <a href="/wiki/Rodolfo_II_do_Sacro_Imperio_Romano_Xerm%C3%A1nico" class="mw-redirect" title="Rodolfo II do Sacro Imperio Romano Xermánico">Rodolfo II</a>, unha coroa que tamén pasaría a ser Coroa de Austria. A coroa significaba protección imperial e servíalles aos comerciantes neerlandeses cando se movían polo estranxeiro. </p><p>O leóns datan do <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XVI" title="Século XVI">século XVI</a>, cando a cidade e provincia pasou a formar parte da <a href="/wiki/Provincias_Unidas" title="Provincias Unidas">República das Provincias Unidas Neerlandesas</a>. Por último engadiuse o lema oficial da cidade: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6856698"> <blockquote class="flexquote"> <div class="flex"> <div class="quote">Heldhaftig, Vastberaden, Barmhartig</div> </div> </blockquote> <p>É dicir <i>Valente, Decidida, Misericordiosa</i>, dado á cidade en <a href="/wiki/1947" title="1947">1947</a> pola Raíña <a href="/wiki/Guillermina_I_dos_Pa%C3%ADses_Baixos" title="Guillermina I dos Países Baixos">Guillermina</a>, en recoñecemento pola valentía da cidade durante a <a href="/wiki/Segunda_guerra_mundial" title="Segunda guerra mundial">segunda guerra mundial</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economía"><span id="Econom.C3.ADa"></span>Economía</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=12" title="Editar a sección: «Economía»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Economía"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ámsterdam é a capital financeira e de negocios dos Países Baixos,<sup id="cite_ref-ez_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ez-27"><span>[</span>27<span>]</span></a></sup> e actualmente unha das mellores cidades de Europa para situar negocios internacionais. Está en quinto lugar nesta categoría só por detrás de <a href="/wiki/Londres" title="Londres">Londres</a>, <a href="/wiki/Par%C3%ADs" title="París">París</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a> e <a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-eubusiness_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eubusiness-28"><span>[</span>28<span>]</span></a></sup> Moitas das grandes corporacións e bancos neerlandeses teñen a súa sede central na cidade, como por exemplo ABN AMRO, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Akzo_Nobel&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Akzo Nobel (a páxina aínda non existe)">Akzo Nobel</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Heineken&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Heineken (a páxina aínda non existe)">Heineken</a>, ING Group, Ahold, <a href="/wiki/TomTom" title="TomTom">TomTom</a>, Delta Lloyd Group ou <a href="/wiki/Philips" title="Philips">Philips</a>, así como a sede internacional da cooperativa KPMG nas proximidades de Amstelveen. </p><p>Aínda que moitas pequenas empresas aínda seguen localizadas nas vellas canles, están cada vez máis afastadas do centro da cidade. O <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zuidas&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Zuidas (a páxina aínda non existe)">Zuidas</a> (Galego: Eixo Sur) converteuse nun novo centro financeiro e xurídico,<sup id="cite_ref-zuidas_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zuidas-29"><span>[</span>29<span>]</span></a></sup> que conta coas cinco meirandes bufetes de avogados dos Países Baixos, cunha serie de filiais neerlandesas de grandes empresas de consultoría como Boston Consulting Group e Accenture ou co World Trade Center Amsterdam. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:PanoramaZuidasAmsterdamtheNetherlands.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/PanoramaZuidasAmsterdamtheNetherlands.jpg/500px-PanoramaZuidasAmsterdamtheNetherlands.jpg" decoding="async" width="500" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/PanoramaZuidasAmsterdamtheNetherlands.jpg/750px-PanoramaZuidasAmsterdamtheNetherlands.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/PanoramaZuidasAmsterdamtheNetherlands.jpg/1000px-PanoramaZuidasAmsterdamtheNetherlands.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8000" data-file-height="3103" /></a><figcaption>O Zuidas.</figcaption></figure> <p>Hai ademais outros tres pequenos distritos financeiros en Ámsterdan. O primeiro é a area que envolve a estación de ferrocarril de Amsterdam Sloterdijk, onde varios xornais teñen ás súas oficinas, como <a href="/w/index.php?title=De_Telegraaf&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="De Telegraaf (a páxina aínda non existe)">De Telegraaf</a>. Ademais podemos atopar tamén a Compañía de <a href="/wiki/Transporte_p%C3%BAblico" title="Transporte público">Transporte Público</a> (<i>Gemeentelijk Vervoersbedrijf</i>) e as oficinas tributarias dos Países Baixos (<i>Belastingdienst</i>). O segundo distrito financeiro é a área arredor do <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam_Arena" class="mw-redirect" title="Amsterdam Arena">Amsterdam Arena</a>. Outra terceira área é a zona da estación de ferrocarril de Amsterdam Amstel, onde se atopan o edificio máis alto de Ámsterdan, a Torre de Rembrandt que, con 149,85 m de alzada, é a sede central de Philips.<sup id="cite_ref-rembrandtoren_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rembrandtoren-30"><span>[</span>30<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-philips_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-philips-31"><span>[</span>31<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A Bolsa de Ámsterdan (AEX), hoxe parte do <a href="/w/index.php?title=Euronext&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Euronext (a páxina aínda non existe)">Euronext</a>, é a máis antiga do mundo e unha das máis grandes de Europa. Está situada preto da <a href="/wiki/Praza_Dam" title="Praza Dam">praza Dam</a>, no centro da cidade. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Turismo">Turismo</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=13" title="Editar a sección: «Turismo»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Turismo"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:AnneFrankHouseAmsterdamtheNetherlands.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/AnneFrankHouseAmsterdamtheNetherlands.jpg/170px-AnneFrankHouseAmsterdamtheNetherlands.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="261" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/AnneFrankHouseAmsterdamtheNetherlands.jpg/255px-AnneFrankHouseAmsterdamtheNetherlands.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/AnneFrankHouseAmsterdamtheNetherlands.jpg/340px-AnneFrankHouseAmsterdamtheNetherlands.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2562" data-file-height="3936" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Casa_de_Anne_Frank" title="Casa de Anne Frank">Casa museo</a> de <a href="/wiki/Anne_Frank" title="Anne Frank">Anne Frank</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Ámsterdam é o quinto destino turístico máis concorrido de Europa, recibindo máis de 4,2 millóns de visitantes internacionais ao ano. O número de turistas vense incrementando constantemente durante a última década, posibelmente ao cada vez meirande número de visitantes europeos. En <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a> 41.743 camas foron alugadas en 19.400 habitación nos 351 hoteis da cidade, dos cales dous terzos están situados en pleno centro. Os hoteis con 4 ou 5 estrelas supoñen o 42% do total de camas dispoñíbeis e un 41% dos aloxamentos en Ámsterdan, sendo a taxa de ocupación do 78% en <a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>, fronte ao 70% de <a href="/wiki/2005" title="2005">2005</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-TourismReport_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TourismReport-32"><span>[</span>32<span>]</span></a></sup> do que a maioría (74%), procedían do resto de Europa. O maior grupo de visitantes non europeos proviñan dos <a href="/wiki/Estados_Unidos_de_Am%C3%A9rica" title="Estados Unidos de América">Estados Unidos</a>, sendo un 14% do total.<sup id="cite_ref-TourismReport_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TourismReport-32"><span>[</span>32<span>]</span></a></sup> Algúns anos teñen unha temática en Ámsterdan para atraer a máis turistas, por exemplo, o ano <a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a> foi designado "Rembrandt 400", para celebrar o 400 aniversario do nacemento de <a href="/wiki/Rembrandt_van_Rijn" class="mw-redirect" title="Rembrandt van Rijn">Rembrandt van Rijn</a>. Algúns hoteis ofrecen algunhas condicións especiais ou actividades relacionadas coa temática do ano. O número de persoas que se aloxan nos catro campamentos da cidade ao ano, vai de 12.000 a 65.000.<sup id="cite_ref-TourismReport_32-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TourismReport-32"><span>[</span>32<span>]</span></a></sup> O <a href="/wiki/Aeroporto_de_%C3%81msterdam-Schiphol" title="Aeroporto de Ámsterdam-Schiphol">Aeroporto de Ámsterdam-Schiphol</a> é o quinto de Europa en número de viaxeiros. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tendas_e_comercio">Tendas e comercio</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=14" title="Editar a sección: «Tendas e comercio»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Tendas e comercio"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En Ámsterdan podemos atopar unha dende grandes almcéns, como <i>De Bijenkorf</i> fundado en <a href="/wiki/1870" title="1870">1870</a> de nivel alto ou a <i>Maison de Bonneterie</i> unha superficie de estilo parisiense fundada en <a href="/wiki/1889" title="1889">1889</a>, a unha gran variedade de pequenas tendas de todo tipo. As tendas de máis luxo podemos atopalas nas rúas <i>Pieter Cornelisz Hooftstraat</i> e <i>Cornelis Schuytstraat</i>, situadas nas proximidades do famoso parque <i>Vondelpark</i>. </p><p>Unha das zonas máis populares para ir de compras é nas estreitas rúas medievais de <i>Kalverstraat</i>, no corazón da cidade. Outras moi populares son as <i>Negen Straatjes</i>: nove rías dentro do <i>Grachtengordel</i>, o sistema de canles concéntricas da cidade. Esta zona diferénciase doutros distritos comerciais coa presenza dunha gran diversidade de tendas privadas.<sup id="cite_ref-9straatjes_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9straatjes-33"><span>[</span>33<span>]</span></a></sup> Na cidade tamén se poden atopar unha gran cantidade de mercados ao aire libre como o <i>Albert Cuypmarkt</i>, o <i>Westermarkt</i>, o <i>Ten Katemarkt</i> e o <i>Dappermarkt</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-markets_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-markets-34"><span>[</span>34<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Moda">Moda</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=15" title="Editar a sección: «Moda»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Moda"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Marcas de moda como G-star, Gsus, BlueBlood, 10 feet e Warmenhoven &amp; Venderbos, e <a href="/wiki/Dese%C3%B1o_de_moda" title="Deseño de moda">deseñadores de moda</a> como Mart Visser, Viktor &amp; Rolf, Marlies Dekkers e Frans Molenaar teñen a súa base en Ámsterdan, ao igual que as axencias de modelos <i>Elite Models</i>, <i>Touche models</i> e <i>Tony Jones</i>. Supermodelos como Yfke Sturm, Doutzen Kroes ou Kim Noorda comezaron as súas traxectorias profesionais na cidade. Ámsterdam ten o seu centro de moda no <i>World Fashion Center</i>, edificios que antes eran bordeis no "distrito roxo", que foron convertidos en obradoiros para xente nova ou deseñadores. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultura_e_entretemento">Cultura e entretemento</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=16" title="Editar a sección: «Cultura e entretemento»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Cultura e entretemento"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:RijksmuseumAmsterdamMuseumplein.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/RijksmuseumAmsterdamMuseumplein.jpg/220px-RijksmuseumAmsterdamMuseumplein.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/RijksmuseumAmsterdamMuseumplein.jpg/330px-RijksmuseumAmsterdamMuseumplein.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/RijksmuseumAmsterdamMuseumplein.jpg/440px-RijksmuseumAmsterdamMuseumplein.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Rijksmuseum" title="Rijksmuseum">Rijksmuseum Amsterdam</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Durante a última parte do <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XVI" title="Século XVI">século XVI</a> as Rederijkerskamer (<i>Camarás de Retórica</i>) organizaban concursos entre si de lectura de <a href="/wiki/Poes%C3%ADa" title="Poesía">poesía</a> e <a href="/wiki/Teatro" title="Teatro">teatro</a>. En <a href="/wiki/1638" title="1638">1638</a>, Ámsterdan abriu o seu primeiro <a href="/wiki/Teatro" title="Teatro">teatro</a>, onde se fixeron as primeiras actuación de <a href="/wiki/Ballet" title="Ballet">Ballet</a> en <a href="/wiki/1642" title="1642">1642</a>. No <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XVIII" title="Século XVIII">século XVIII</a> o teatro francés fíxose moi popular. A <a href="/wiki/%C3%93pera" title="Ópera">ópera</a> puido ser vista por primeira vez en Ámsterdan en <a href="/wiki/1677" title="1677">1677</a>, ao principio só <a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">italiana</a> e <a href="/wiki/Cultura_francesa" title="Cultura francesa">francesa</a>, mais a partir do <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XVIII" title="Século XVIII">século XVIII</a> tamén <a href="/wiki/Alema%C3%B1a" title="Alemaña">alemá</a>. No <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XIX" title="Século XIX">século XIX</a> a cultutra popular estaba centrada arredor da área do Nes, (principalmente <a href="/wiki/Vodevil" title="Vodevil">vodevil</a> e o <a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_hall&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Music hall (a páxina aínda non existe)">music-hall</a>). O metrónomo, un dos avances máis importantes da <a href="/wiki/M%C3%BAsica_cl%C3%A1sica" title="Música clásica">música clásica</a>, foi inventado aquí en <a href="/wiki/1812" title="1812">1812</a> por <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dietrich_Nikolaus_Winkel&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Dietrich Nikolaus Winkel (a páxina aínda non existe)">Dietrich Nikolaus Winkel</a>. A finais dese século, o <a href="/wiki/Rijksmuseum" title="Rijksmuseum">Rijksmuseum</a> e o <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://users.skynet.be/museum.melle/">Gemeentelijk Museum</a><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080920053716/http://users.skynet.be/museum.melle/">Arquivado</a> 20 de setembro de 2008 en <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. foron construídos. En <a href="/wiki/1888" title="1888">1888</a>, foi fundada a Orquestra Real do Concertgebouw (<i>Koninklijk Concertgebouworkest</i>), a cal é hoxe en día a orquestra sinfónica máis respectada dos <a href="/wiki/Pa%C3%ADses_Baixos" title="Países Baixos">Países Baixos</a>, considerada unha das mellores do mundo. Co <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XX" title="Século XX">século XX</a> chegou o <a href="/wiki/Cinema" class="mw-redirect" title="Cinema">cinema</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Radio_(medio_de_comunicaci%C3%B3n)" title="Radio (medio de comunicación)">radio</a> e a <a href="/wiki/Televisi%C3%B3n" title="Televisión">televisión</a>. Aínda que a maioría dos estudos se atopan en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hilversum&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Hilversum (a páxina aínda non existe)">Hilversum</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aalsmeer&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Aalsmeer (a páxina aínda non existe)">Aalsmeer</a>, a influencia amsterdamesa sobre a programación é moi forte, xa que moitas das persoas que traballan nos diferentes medios viven na cidade. Ademais, a sede da <a href="/w/index.php?title=SBS_6&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="SBS 6 (a páxina aínda non existe)">SBS 6</a> está localizada en Ámsterdan.<sup id="cite_ref-sbs6_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sbs6-35"><span>[</span>35<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Museos">Museos</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=17" title="Editar a sección: «Museos»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;action=edit&amp;section=17" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Museos"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Amsterdam_-_Rijksmuseum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Amsterdam_-_Rijksmuseum.jpg/220px-Amsterdam_-_Rijksmuseum.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Amsterdam_-_Rijksmuseum.jpg/330px-Amsterdam_-_Rijksmuseum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Amsterdam_-_Rijksmuseum.jpg/440px-Amsterdam_-_Rijksmuseum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Museumplein" title="Museumplein">Het Museumplein</a></i> co <a href="/wiki/Rijksmuseum" title="Rijksmuseum">Rijksmuseum</a> de fronte.</figcaption></figure> <p>Os museos máis importantes de Ámsterdan están en <i><a href="/wiki/Museumplein" title="Museumplein">het Museumplein</a></i> (Praza do Museo). Esta praza foi construída no último cuarto do <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XIX" title="Século XIX">século XIX</a>, nos terreos da antiga <a href="/wiki/Exposici%C3%B3n_Universal" title="Exposición Universal">Exposición Universal</a>. A parte norte da praza está rodeada polo gran <a href="/wiki/Rijksmuseum" title="Rijksmuseum">Rijksmuseum</a>. En fronte del esténdese a praza, longa e rectangular e cun estanque; praza que en tempo de inverno é convertida nunha pista de xeo.<sup id="cite_ref-ijsbaan_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ijsbaan-36"><span>[</span>36<span>]</span></a></sup> Na parte oeste atópanse o <a href="/wiki/Museo_van_Gogh" title="Museo van Gogh">Museo van Gogh</a>, o <a href="/wiki/Stedelijk_Museum" title="Stedelijk Museum">Museo Stedelijk</a>, a Casa de Bols Cocktail &amp; Genever Experience, e o Museo do Diamante. Na parte sur da praza está a rúa de Van Baerlestraat, unha importante vía desta parte de Ámsterdan, onde está a sala de concertos <i>Concertgebouw</i>. Cara ao leste podemos atopar un gran número de grandes casas, entre as que se pode encontrar o Consulado dos <a href="/wiki/Estados_Unidos_de_Am%C3%A9rica" title="Estados Unidos de América">Estados Unidos</a>, cómpre destacar finalmente que debaixo da praza hai un aparcadoiro soterrado e un supermercado. </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/Museumplein" title="Museumplein">Het Museumplein</a></i> está case na súa totalidade cuberta de céspede, a excepción da parte norte da praza, que está cuberta con grava. O aspecto actual da praza foi realizado en <a href="/wiki/1999" title="1999">1999</a>, ano en que a praza foi remodelada. A praza en si é o sitio máis destacado da cidade para a celebración de festivais e concertos ao aire libre, especialmente no verán. Fixéronse plans en <a href="/wiki/2008" title="2008">2008</a> para volver a remodelar a praza, debido a que moitos amsterdameses non están satisfeitos co seu aspecto actual.<sup id="cite_ref-museumpleinfacelift_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-museumpleinfacelift-37"><span>[</span>37<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Rijksmuseum01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Rijksmuseum01.jpg/220px-Rijksmuseum01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Rijksmuseum01.jpg/330px-Rijksmuseum01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Rijksmuseum01.jpg/440px-Rijksmuseum01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption><i>I Amsterdam</i> en <a href="/wiki/Museumplein" title="Museumplein">Museumplein</a></figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Van_Gogh_Museum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Van_Gogh_Museum.jpg/220px-Van_Gogh_Museum.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Van_Gogh_Museum.jpg/330px-Van_Gogh_Museum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Van_Gogh_Museum.jpg/440px-Van_Gogh_Museum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2052" data-file-height="1368" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Museo_van_Gogh" title="Museo van Gogh">Museo van Gogh</a></figcaption></figure> <p>O <a href="/wiki/Rijksmuseum" title="Rijksmuseum">Rijksmuseum</a> posúe a máis grande e importante colección de arte clásica neerlandesa.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span>[</span>38<span>]</span></a></sup> Foi inaugurado en <a href="/wiki/1885" title="1885">1885</a> e ten preto dun millón de obras.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span>[</span>39<span>]</span></a></sup> O artista máis asociado con Ámsterdan é <a href="/wiki/Rembrandt" title="Rembrandt">Rembrandt</a>, cuxo traballo e o dos seus alumnos, se poden atopar expostos no museo. A obra mestra de Rembrandt e <i><a href="/wiki/A_rolda_de_noite" class="mw-redirect" title="A rolda de noite">A rolda de noite</a></i>, a cal é unha das obras máis prezadas do Rijksmuseum. Tamén alberga pinturas de artistas como <a href="/wiki/Peter_Paul_Rubens" title="Peter Paul Rubens">Rubens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Vermeer" title="Johannes Vermeer">Vermeer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frans_Hals" title="Frans Hals">Frans Hals</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferdinand_Bol&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ferdinand Bol (a páxina aínda non existe)">Ferdinand Bol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jan_Steen" title="Jan Steen">Jan Steen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jacob_van_Ruisdael" title="Jacob van Ruisdael">Jacob van Ruisdael</a> ou <a href="/wiki/Paulus_Potter" title="Paulus Potter">Paulus Potter</a>. Ademais de pinturas, a colección consta dunha gran variedade de artes decorativas, incluíndo dende <a href="/wiki/Louza_de_Delft" title="Louza de Delft">cerámica de Delft</a> a xigantes casas de bonecas do <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XVII" title="Século XVII">século XVII</a>. O arquitecto desde museo neo-gótico foi P.J.H. Cuypers, e hoxe en día o museo está a ser ampliado, renovado e construíndose unha nova entrada principal. Só un á do Rijksmuseum está actualmente aberta ao público, cunha selección de obras mestras en exhibición. O museo volverá a estar plenamente aberto ao público entre <a href="/wiki/2012" title="2012">2012</a> e <a href="/wiki/2013" title="2013">2013</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span>[</span>40<span>]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Vincent_van_Gogh" title="Vincent van Gogh">Van Gogh</a> viviu en Ámsterdam unha pequena tempada, de modo que hai un museo na cidade adicado ao seus primeiros traballos, o <a href="/wiki/Museo_van_Gogh" title="Museo van Gogh">Museo van Gogh</a>. Este edificio, deseñado por Gerrit Rietveld, un dos poucos edificios modernos desta área de Ámsterdan, alberga unha colección permanente do pintor, mais un novo edifico foi engadido ao museo dende <a href="/wiki/1999" title="1999">1999</a>. Este novo edificio, deseñado polo arquitecto <a href="/wiki/Xap%C3%B3n" title="Xapón">xaponés</a> Kisho Kurokawa, alberga as exposicións temporais do museo. No museo podemos atopar algún dos <i><a href="/wiki/Van_Gogh" class="mw-redirect" title="Van Gogh">Van Goghs</a></i> máis famosos como <i>Os comedores de patacas</i> ou <i>Os xirasoles</i> (un dos que forman a serie). O <a href="/wiki/Museo_van_Gogh" title="Museo van Gogh">Museo van Gogh</a> é o máis visitado da cidade.<sup id="cite_ref-vangogh1_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vangogh1-41"><span>[</span>41<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-vangogh2_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vangogh2-42"><span>[</span>42<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Preto do Museo van Gogh atópase o <a href="/wiki/Stedelijk_Museum" title="Stedelijk Museum">Stedelijk Museum</a>. Este museo é o máis grande de Ámsterdan no relativo á <a href="/wiki/Arte_moderna" title="Arte moderna">arte moderna</a>. Este museo, que foi aberto máis ou menos á vez que a <a href="/wiki/Museumplein" title="Museumplein">Museumplein</a>, alberga unha colección permanente de autores como <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pieter_Mondriaan&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pieter Mondriaan (a páxina aínda non existe)">Pieter Mondriaan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Theo_van_Doesburg" title="Theo van Doesburg">Theo van Doesburg</a> ou <a href="/wiki/Kasimir_Malevich" title="Kasimir Malevich">Kasimir Malevich</a>. Este museo tamén está a ser ampliado e renovado e volverá a ser aberto ao público en <a href="/wiki/2009" title="2009">2009</a>. A actual exhibición do museo pódese ver na antiga oficina de correos, preto da <a href="/wiki/Estaci%C3%B3n_Central_de_%C3%81msterdam" title="Estación Central de Ámsterdam">estación central</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-stedelijk_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stedelijk-43"><span>[</span>43<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pero ademais en Ámsterdan podemos visitar outros moitos museos. Dende os máis pequenos como o <i>Verzetsmuseum</i> (sobre os neerlandeses na segunda guerra mundial) ou as <a href="/wiki/Casa_de_Anne_Frank" title="Casa de Anne Frank">casas</a> de <a href="/wiki/Anne_Frank" title="Anne Frank">Anne Frank</a> (<i>Anne Frankhuis</i>) e <a href="/wiki/Rembrandt" title="Rembrandt">Rembrandt</a> (<i>Rembrandthuis</i>),até os máis grandes, como o <i>Tropenmuseum</i> (museo arqueolóxico), <i>Amsterdams Historisch Museum</i> (sobre a historia da cidade) ou o <i>Joods Historisch Museum</i> (adicado á historia dos <a href="/wiki/Pobo_xudeu" title="Pobo xudeu">xudeus</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cidade_liberal">Cidade liberal</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=18" title="Editar a sección: «Cidade liberal»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;action=edit&amp;section=18" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Cidade liberal"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Amsterdam_(189).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Amsterdam_%28189%29.jpg/220px-Amsterdam_%28189%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Amsterdam_%28189%29.jpg/330px-Amsterdam_%28189%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Amsterdam_%28189%29.jpg/440px-Amsterdam_%28189%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>O <a href="/wiki/Barrio_vermello" title="Barrio vermello">barrio vermello</a> pola noite</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Amsterdam_red_light_district_24-7-2003.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Amsterdam_red_light_district_24-7-2003.JPG/220px-Amsterdam_red_light_district_24-7-2003.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Amsterdam_red_light_district_24-7-2003.JPG/330px-Amsterdam_red_light_district_24-7-2003.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Amsterdam_red_light_district_24-7-2003.JPG/440px-Amsterdam_red_light_district_24-7-2003.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>O <i>Red Light district</i></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:AMS_coffe_shop_ro.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/AMS_coffe_shop_ro.JPG/220px-AMS_coffe_shop_ro.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/AMS_coffe_shop_ro.JPG/330px-AMS_coffe_shop_ro.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/AMS_coffe_shop_ro.JPG/440px-AMS_coffe_shop_ro.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Un "Coffee Shop"</figcaption></figure> <p>A parte da súa historia, arquitectura ou museos, Ámsterdan é unha cidade internacionalmente coñecida polas súas políticas liberais e de tolerancia social. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vida_nocturna">Vida nocturna</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=19" title="Editar a sección: «Vida nocturna»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;action=edit&amp;section=19" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Vida nocturna"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ámsterdan ten unha vida nocturna famosa pola gran cantidade de clubs <i>lounge</i> ou <i>chillout</i> que hai na cidade. É considerada unha das mellores cidades de Europa con respecto á súa vida nocturna, que atrae a xente de todo o país e de moito máis lonxe. Son especialmente populares <i>Hotel Area</i>, <i>Escape</i>, <i>Powerzone</i>, <i>Supperclub</i>, <i>Club More</i>, <i>Chemistry</i>, <i>Panama</i>, <i>Melkweg</i>, <i>Paradiso</i> ou <i>Club 11</i>, locais están repartidos por toda a cidade. Ademais pódense atopar grandes concentracións de bares e lecer nocturno, sobre todo nas prazas Rembrandtplein e Leidseplein. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="O_ambiente_homosexual">O ambiente homosexual</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=20" title="Editar a sección: «O ambiente homosexual»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;action=edit&amp;section=20" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: O ambiente homosexual"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ámsterdan ten bastante <i>ambiente homosexual</i> (<a href="/wiki/Gai" title="Gai">gai</a>), sobre todo ao redor da rúa <i>Reguliersdwarsstraat</i>, á beira do Rembrandtplein. En <a href="/wiki/1989" title="1989">1989</a> foi aberto o <i>Club iT</i>, un dos clubs deste tipo máis grande de Europa. A pesar de que hoxe en día moitas outras cidades europeas como <a href="/wiki/Londres" title="Londres">Londres</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bruxelas" title="Bruxelas">Bruxelas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Berl%C3%ADn" title="Berlín">Berlín</a> ou <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a> teñen fama por este tipo de ambiente, Ámsterdam segue sendo a cidade <i>homo</i> máis importante de Europa, sendo unha das cidades con máis diversidade do mundo, a pesar do seu tamaño relativamente pequeno. </p><p>Existe un monumento conmemorativo no centro de Ámsterdan, o <i>Homomonument</i>, que consiste en tres laxas triangulares de granito rosado, que simbolizan os <i>triángulos rosa</i> que os prisioneiros homosexuais do <a href="/wiki/Nazismo" title="Nazismo">nazismo</a>, durante a <a href="/wiki/Segunda_guerra_mundial" title="Segunda guerra mundial">segunda guerra mundial</a>, eran obrigados a coser nos seus uniformes. Calcúlase que aproximadamente 50.000 homosexuais holandeses morreron nos campos de concentración. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="O_Distrito_Roxo">O Distrito Roxo</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=21" title="Editar a sección: «O Distrito Roxo»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;action=edit&amp;section=21" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: O Distrito Roxo"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Entre as zonas máis populares da cidade atópase o <i>barrio chinés</i>, coñecido como o <i>Distrito Roxo</i> ou <i>Red Light District</i>, pola cor das luces que iluminan os locais onde se mostran, a través de escaparates, ás prostitutas que traballan nesta zona da cidade. A <a href="/wiki/Prostituci%C3%B3n" title="Prostitución">prostitución</a> nos Países Baixos está completamente legalizada en zonas designadas para ela. Este distrito, tamén denominado coloquialmente como <i>De Wallen</i>, en referencia a dúas canles ou <i>wal</i> que o cruzan, está situado en pleno centro de Ámsterdan, entre as rúas Warmoesstraat, Zeedijk, Nieuwmarkt, Kloveniersburgwal e Damstraat. Outras cidades, como <a href="/wiki/Utrecht" title="Utrecht">Utrecht</a>, <a href="/wiki/A_Haia" title="A Haia">A Haia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Groninga" title="Groninga">Groninga</a> ou <a href="/wiki/Haarlem" title="Haarlem">Haarlem</a>, teñen tamén os seus propios <i>distritos roxos</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Os_Coffee_Shops">Os Coffee Shops</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=22" title="Editar a sección: «Os Coffee Shops»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;action=edit&amp;section=22" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Os Coffee Shops"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pola cidade tamén se poden atopar os chamados <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coffee_shop&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Coffee shop (a páxina aínda non existe)">coffee shops</a></i>, locais onde se venden pequenas cantidades de <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A1nnabis_(droga)" title="Cánnabis (droga)">marihuana</a>. Na teoría isto non é legal, mais é tolerado mentres sexan cantidades pequenas (até 5 gramos diarios), e a condición de que tanto o comprador como o vendedor sexan maiores de idade. Esta controvertida situación é chamada <i>gedoogbeleid</i> ou "política de <a href="/wiki/Tolerancia" title="Tolerancia">tolerancia</a>". Así mesmo os vendedores de marihuana dos coffee shops non se lles permite ter máis de medio quilo de marihuana no local. Os coffee shops son un dos principais atractivos de Ámsterdam sobre todo entre os turistas novos e grazas a estes, o Estado obtén bos ingresos a través dos impostos que gravan estes produtos. Os coffee shops son, ademais dun sitio para consumir marihuana, un lugar de encontro, xa que son moitos os que adoitan acudir a estes cafés ao longo do día. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Relacións_internacionais"><span id="Relaci.C3.B3ns_internacionais"></span>Relacións internacionais</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=23" title="Editar a sección: «Relacións internacionais»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;action=edit&amp;section=23" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Relacións internacionais"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A cidade de Ámsterdan está irmandada coas seguintes cidades: </p> <div style="font-size:100%;"> <table style="background:snow;"> <tbody><tr> <td valign="top" width="33%"> <ul><li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Flag_of_Algeria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Alxeria"><img alt="Alxeria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Alxer" title="Alxer">Alxer</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Flag_of_Greece.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Grecia"><img alt="Grecia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/20px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/30px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/40px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Atenas" title="Atenas">Atenas</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Flag_of_Mozambique.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mozambique"><img alt="Mozambique" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/20px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/30px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/40px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Beira,_Mozambique&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Beira, Mozambique (a páxina aínda non existe)">Beira</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Turqu%C3%ADa" title="Turquía"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/20px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/30px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/40px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Istambul" title="Istambul">Istambul</a></li></ul> </td> <td valign="top" width="33%"> <ul><li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/20px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/30px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/40px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Managua" title="Managua">Managua</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Canad%C3%A1" title="Canadá"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/20px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/30px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/40px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Flag_of_Cyprus.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chipre"><img alt="Chipre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/20px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/30px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/40px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Nicosia" title="Nicosia">Nicosia</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Estados_Unidos_de_Am%C3%A9rica" title="Estados Unidos de América"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Nova_York" title="Nova York">Nova York</a></li></ul> </td> <td valign="top" width="33%"> <ul><li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="República Popular da China"><img alt="República Popular da China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Pequ%C3%ADn" title="Pequín">Pequín</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Estados_Unidos_de_Am%C3%A9rica" title="Estados Unidos de América"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Os_%C3%81nxeles" title="Os Ánxeles">Os Ánxeles</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_e_Hercegovina" title="Bosnia e Hercegovina"><img alt="Bosnia e Hercegovina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/20px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/30px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Saraxevo" title="Saraxevo">Saraxevo</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Canad%C3%A1" title="Canadá"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/20px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/30px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/40px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; margin:0 auto;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align: center;"> <td width="30%">Predecesor:<br /><b><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Flag_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Italia"><img alt="Italia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/20px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/30px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Florencia" title="Florencia">Florencia</a></b> </td> <td width="40%"><b><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:EU_Insignia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/EU_Insignia.svg/60px-EU_Insignia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/EU_Insignia.svg/90px-EU_Insignia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/EU_Insignia.svg/120px-EU_Insignia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="329" data-file-height="327" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Capital_Europea_da_cultura" class="mw-redirect" title="Capital Europea da cultura">Capital Europea da cultura</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/1987" title="1987">1987</a> </td> <td width="30%">Sucesor:<br /><b><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Alema%C3%B1a" title="Alemaña"><img alt="Alemaña" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Berl%C3%ADn" title="Berlín">Berlín</a></b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notas">Notas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=24" title="Editar a sección: «Notas»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;action=edit&amp;section=24" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Notas"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Definicións no <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://academia.gal/dicionario/-/termo/holand%C3%A9s"><i>Dicionario da Real Academia Galega</i></a> e no <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://portaldaspalabras.gal/dicionario/procura/holand%C3%A9s">Portal das Palabras</a> para <i>holandés</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Goretti Sanmartín Rei et al. Servizo de Normalización Lingüística, Universidade da Coruña, ed. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150930005958/http://www.udc.gal/snl/documentospdf/Libro_Criterios_lingua.pdf"><i>Criterios para o uso da lingua</i></a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_bibliogr%C3%A1ficas/84-9749-199-8" title="Especial:Fontes bibliográficas/84-9749-199-8">84-9749-199-8</a>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.udc.gal/snl/documentospdf/Libro_Criterios_lingua.pdf">o orixinal</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> o 30 de setembro de 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 17 de decembro de 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%81msterdam&amp;rft.btitle=Criterios+para+o+uso+da+lingua&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=84-9749-199-8&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.udc.gal%2Fsnl%2Fdocumentospdf%2FLibro_Criterios_lingua.pdf&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150930005958/http://www.udc.gal/snl/documentospdf/Libro_Criterios_lingua.pdf">Arquivado</a> 30 de setembro de 2015 en <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Benigno Fernández Salgado, ed. (2004). <i>Dicionario Galaxia de usos e dificultades da lingua galega</i>. Editorial Galaxia. p.&#160;1303. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_bibliogr%C3%A1ficas/9788482887524" title="Especial:Fontes bibliográficas/9788482887524">9788482887524</a>. <q>Ámsterdan (Países Baixos)</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%81msterdam&amp;rft.btitle=Dicionario+Galaxia+de+usos+e+dificultades+da+lingua+galega&amp;rft.date=2004&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=9788482887524&amp;rft.pages=1303&amp;rft.pub=Editorial+Galaxia&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Outras fontes empregan a forma <b>Ámsterdan</b> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://anl.uvigo.es/UserFiles/File/manuais/Lingua_galega._Dubidas_linguisticas.pdf">Universidade de Vigo</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140601181925/http://anl.uvigo.es/UserFiles/File/manuais/Lingua_galega._Dubidas_linguisticas.pdf">Arquivado</a> 01 de xuño de 2014 en <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090215160103/http://www.ez.amsterdam.nl/page.php?page=9&amp;menu=27">"Amsterdam - Economische Zaken"</a>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ez.amsterdam.nl/page.php?page=9&amp;menu=27">o orixinal</a> o 15 de febreiro de 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 15 de Abril de 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%81msterdam&amp;rft.btitle=Amsterdam+-+Economische+Zaken&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ez.amsterdam.nl%2Fpage.php%3Fpage%3D9%26menu%3D27&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090215160103/http://www.ez.amsterdam.nl/page.php?page=9&amp;menu=27">Arquivado</a> 15 de febreiro de 2009 en <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.os.amsterdam.nl/pdf/2007_jaarboek_hoofdstuk_01.pdf">Kerncijfers Amsterdam 2007</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080528004554/http://www.os.amsterdam.nl/pdf/2007_jaarboek_hoofdstuk_01.pdf">Arquivado</a> 28 de maio de 2008 en <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i>(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_neerlandesa" title="Lingua neerlandesa">neerlandés</a>)</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.os.amsterdam.nl/feitenencijfers/24112/">Openbare ruimte en groen: Inleiding</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080624164359/http://www.os.amsterdam.nl/feitenencijfers/24112/">Arquivado</a> 24 de xuño de 2008 en <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i>(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_neerlandesa" title="Lingua neerlandesa">neerlandés</a>)</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.klimaatatlas.nl/tabel/stationsdata/klimtab_8110_240.pdf">"Klimaattabel Schiphol, langjarige gemiddelden, tijdvak 1981–2010"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en neerlandés)</span>. Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 9 de setembro de 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%81msterdam&amp;rft.btitle=Klimaattabel+Schiphol%2C+langjarige+gemiddelden%2C+tijdvak+1981%932010&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=Royal+Netherlands+Meteorological+Institute&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.klimaatatlas.nl%2Ftabel%2Fstationsdata%2Fklimtab_8110_240.pdf&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edepot.wur.nl/324469">"Klimaattabel Schiphol, langjarige extremen, tijdvak 1971–2000"</a> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en neerlandés)</span>. Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 9 de setembro de 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%81msterdam&amp;rft.btitle=Klimaattabel+Schiphol%2C+langjarige+extremen%2C+tijdvak+1971%932000&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=Royal+Netherlands+Meteorological+Institute&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedepot.wur.nl%2F324469&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://amsterdam.nl/stad_in_beeld/werkstukken/grachten">Amsterdamse Grachten</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080320060143/http://amsterdam.nl/stad_in_beeld/werkstukken/grachten">Arquivado</a> 20 de marzo de 2008 en <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i>(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_neerlandesa" title="Lingua neerlandesa">neerlandés</a>)</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jhm.nl/personen.aspx?naam=Sarphati%2C%20Samuel">Samuel Sarphati</a><i>(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_neerlandesa" title="Lingua neerlandesa">neerlandés</a>)</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jlgrealestate.com/Samuel_Sarphati/Sarphatipark/">Samuel Sarphati</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090805203131/http://www.jlgrealestate.com/Samuel_Sarphati/Sarphatipark/">Arquivado</a> 05 de agosto de 2009 en <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i>(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_neerlandesa" title="Lingua neerlandesa">neerlandés</a>)</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bmz.amsterdam.nl/adam/nl/oudzuid/index.html">Amsterdam Oud-Zuid</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080314132201/http://www.bmz.amsterdam.nl/adam/nl/oudzuid/index.html">Arquivado</a> 14 de marzo de 2008 en <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i>(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_neerlandesa" title="Lingua neerlandesa">neerlandés</a>)</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stadsarchief.amsterdam.nl/presentaties/amsterdamse_schatten/plannen/uitbreidingsplan_berlage/index.nl.html">Uitbreidingsplan Berlage</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090807180451/http://stadsarchief.amsterdam.nl/presentaties/amsterdamse_schatten/plannen/uitbreidingsplan_berlage/index.nl.html">Arquivado</a> 07 de agosto de 2009 en <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i>(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_neerlandesa" title="Lingua neerlandesa">neerlandés</a>)</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bmz.amsterdam.nl/adam/nl/intro/topo7.html">Plan-Berlage</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080510125710/http://www.bmz.amsterdam.nl/adam/nl/intro/topo7.html">Arquivado</a> 10 de maio de 2008 en <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i>(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_neerlandesa" title="Lingua neerlandesa">neerlandés</a>)</i>]</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ymere.nl/ymere/template.asp?mnid=1&amp;subid=35&amp;cntid=119">Westelijke Tuinsteden</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050307012547/http://www.ymere.nl/ymere/template.asp?mnid=1&amp;subid=35&amp;cntid=119">Arquivado</a> 07 de marzo de 2005 en <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i>(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_neerlandesa" title="Lingua neerlandesa">neerlandés</a>)</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archex.info/nederlands/nederland/amsterdam_westelijke_tuinsteden.html">Ontwerp Westelijke Tuinsteden</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080611221726/http://www.archex.info/nederlands/nederland/amsterdam_westelijke_tuinsteden.html">Arquivado</a> 11 de xuño de 2008 en <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i>(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_neerlandesa" title="Lingua neerlandesa">neerlandés</a>)</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bmz.amsterdam.nl/adam/nl/huizen/beg34.html">Houten Huys</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071226022822/http://www.bmz.amsterdam.nl/adam/nl/huizen/beg34.html">Arquivado</a> 26 de decembro de 2007 en <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i>(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_neerlandesa" title="Lingua neerlandesa">neerlandés</a>)</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bmz.amsterdam.nl/adam/nl/renaiss3.html">Amsterdamse renaissance in de stijl van Hendrick de Keyser</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071127014006/http://www.bmz.amsterdam.nl/adam/nl/renaiss3.html">Arquivado</a> 27 de novembro de 2007 en <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i>(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_neerlandesa" title="Lingua neerlandesa">neerlandés</a>)</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bmz.amsterdam.nl/adam/nl/holclass.html">Hollands Classicisme</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070202200016/http://www.bmz.amsterdam.nl/adam/nl/holclass.html">Arquivado</a> 02 de febreiro de 2007 en <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i>(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_neerlandesa" title="Lingua neerlandesa">neerlandés</a>)</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bmz.amsterdam.nl/adam/nl/neostijl.html">Neo-stijlen</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070819204630/http://www.bmz.amsterdam.nl/adam/nl/neostijl.html">Arquivado</a> 19 de agosto de 2007 en <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.<i>(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_neerlandesa" title="Lingua neerlandesa">neerlandés</a>)</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bmz.amsterdam.nl/adam/nl/aschool.html">Amsterdamse School</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071027144316/http://www.bmz.amsterdam.nl/adam/nl/aschool.html">Arquivado</a> 27 de outubro de 2007 en <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.<i>(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_neerlandesa" title="Lingua neerlandesa">neerlandés</a>)</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081013112545/http://www.noord.amsterdam.nl/smartsite.dws?id=16213">"Stadsdeel Amsterdam-Noord: Who governs Amsterdam-Noord?"</a>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.noord.amsterdam.nl/smartsite.dws?id=16213">o orixinal</a> o 13 de outubro de 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 19 de abril de 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%81msterdam&amp;rft.btitle=Stadsdeel+Amsterdam-Noord%3A+Who+governs+Amsterdam-Noord%3F&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.noord.amsterdam.nl%2Fsmartsite.dws%3Fid%3D16213&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CBSpopulation-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CBSpopulation_24-0">24,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CBSpopulation_24-1">24,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CBSpopulation_24-2">24,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CBSpopulation_24-3">24,3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://statline.cbs.nl/StatWeb/Table.asp?PA=70233ned&amp;D1=0-2,18-20&amp;D2=39,66,88,126,312&amp;D3=0&amp;D4=(l-11)-l&amp;DM=SLNL&amp;LA=nl">"Gemiddelde bevolking per regio naar leeftijd en geslacht"</a>. Statistics Netherlands.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%81msterdam&amp;rft.btitle=Gemiddelde+bevolking+per+regio+naar+leeftijd+en+geslacht&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=Statistics+Netherlands&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstatline.cbs.nl%2FStatWeb%2FTable.asp%3FPA%3D70233ned%26D1%3D0-2%2C18-20%26D2%3D39%2C66%2C88%2C126%2C312%26D3%3D0%26D4%3D%28l-11%29-l%26DM%3DSLNL%26LA%3Dnl&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-COROP-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-COROP_25-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbs.nl/NR/rdonlyres/F40C0A58-7E1E-4BD5-93B3-F050153117B3/0/2006cr.pdf">"Indeling van Nederland in 40 COROP-gebieden"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Statistics Netherlands.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%81msterdam&amp;rft.btitle=Indeling+van+Nederland+in+40+COROP-gebieden&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=Statistics+Netherlands&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbs.nl%2FNR%2Frdonlyres%2FF40C0A58-7E1E-4BD5-93B3-F050153117B3%2F0%2F2006cr.pdf&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.os.amsterdam.nl/tabel/2008_mutatiestatistiek_stand.xls">Poboación</a> <i>(en <a href="/wiki/Lingua_neerlandesa" title="Lingua neerlandesa">neerlandés</a>)</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ez-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-ez_27-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081205161807/http://www.ez.amsterdam.nl/page.php?menu=24&amp;page=6">"Amsterdam - Economische Zaken"</a> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en neerlandés)</span>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ez.amsterdam.nl/page.php?menu=24&amp;page=6">o orixinal</a> o 05 de decembro de 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 19 de abril de 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%81msterdam&amp;rft.btitle=Amsterdam+-+Economische+Zaken&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ez.amsterdam.nl%2Fpage.php%3Fmenu%3D24%26page%3D6&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081205161807/http://www.ez.amsterdam.nl/page.php?menu=24&amp;page=6">Arquivado</a> 05 de decembro de 2008 en <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-eubusiness-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-eubusiness_28-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080108130938/http://www.iamsterdam.com/press_room/press_releases_0/2007/european_cities">"European Cities Monitor 2007"</a> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en neerlandés)</span>. I Amsterdam. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iamsterdam.com/press_room/press_releases_0/2007/european_cities">o orixinal</a> o 08 de xaneiro de 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 19 de abril de 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%81msterdam&amp;rft.btitle=European+Cities+Monitor+2007&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=I+Amsterdam&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iamsterdam.com%2Fpress_room%2Fpress_releases_0%2F2007%2Feuropean_cities&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080108130938/http://www.iamsterdam.com/press_room/press_releases_0/2007/european_cities">Arquivado</a> 08 de xaneiro de 2008 en <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-zuidas-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-zuidas_29-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071224035945/http://www.zuidas.nl/smartsite.dws?id=1044&amp;curindex=2">"Zuidas"</a> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en neerlandés)</span>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zuidas.nl/smartsite.dws?id=1044&amp;curindex=2">o orixinal</a> o 24 de decembro de 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 19 de abril de 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%81msterdam&amp;rft.btitle=Zuidas&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zuidas.nl%2Fsmartsite.dws%3Fid%3D1044%26curindex%3D2&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071224035945/http://www.zuidas.nl/smartsite.dws?id=1044&amp;curindex=2">Arquivado</a> 24 de decembro de 2007 en <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rembrandtoren-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-rembrandtoren_30-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/ci/bu/sk/li/?id=100759&amp;bt=2&amp;ht=2&amp;sro=0">"Rembrandt Tower"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%81msterdam&amp;rft.btitle=Rembrandt+Tower&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.emporis.com%2Fen%2Fwm%2Fci%2Fbu%2Fsk%2Fli%2F%3Fid%3D100759%26bt%3D2%26ht%3D2%26sro%3D0&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-philips-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-philips_31-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.philips.nl/about/index.page">"Philips"</a> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en neerlandés)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%81msterdam&amp;rft.btitle=Philips&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.philips.nl%2Fabout%2Findex.page&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TourismReport-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-TourismReport_32-0">32,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-TourismReport_32-1">32,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-TourismReport_32-2">32,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Fedorova, T. e Meijer, R. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.os.amsterdam.nl/pdf/2008_toerisme_in_amsterdam.pdf">"Toerisme in Amsterdam 2006/2007"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en neerlandés)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%81msterdam&amp;rft.au=Fedorova%2C+T.+e+Meijer%2C+R.&amp;rft.btitle=Toerisme+in+Amsterdam+2006%2F2007&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.os.amsterdam.nl%2Fpdf%2F2008_toerisme_in_amsterdam.pdf&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9straatjes-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9straatjes_33-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080620090750/http://www.de9straatjes.nl/en/index.html">"Negen Straatjes"</a>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.de9straatjes.nl/en/index.html">o orixinal</a> o 20 de xuño de 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 19 de abril de 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%81msterdam&amp;rft.btitle=Negen+Straatjes&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.de9straatjes.nl%2Fen%2Findex.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080620090750/http://www.de9straatjes.nl/en/index.html">Arquivado</a> 20 de xuño de 2008 en <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-markets-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-markets_34-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.amsterdam.info/markets/">"Amsterdamse Markten"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%81msterdam&amp;rft.btitle=Amsterdamse+Markten&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.amsterdam.info%2Fmarkets%2F&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sbs6-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-sbs6_35-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080524054324/http://www.sbs6.nl/web/show/id%3D78637/langid%3D43">"Contact SBS 6"</a> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en neerlandés)</span>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sbs6.nl/web/show/id=78637/langid=43">o orixinal</a> o 24 de maio de 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 19 de abril de 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%81msterdam&amp;rft.btitle=Contact+SBS+6&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sbs6.nl%2Fweb%2Fshow%2Fid%3D78637%2Flangid%3D43&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ijsbaan-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-ijsbaan_36-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081226160156/http://evenementnieuws.nl/nieuws/3900/Feestelijke%2Bopening%2Bijsbaan%2BMuseumplein.html">"Ijsbaan Museumplein"</a> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en neerlandés)</span>. Evenementennieuws. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.evenementnieuws.nl/nieuws/3900/Feestelijke+opening+ijsbaan+Museumplein.html">o orixinal</a> o 26 de decembro de 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 20 de abril de 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%81msterdam&amp;rft.btitle=Ijsbaan+Museumplein&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=Evenementennieuws&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.evenementnieuws.nl%2Fnieuws%2F3900%2FFeestelijke%2Bopening%2Bijsbaan%2BMuseumplein.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081226160156/http://evenementnieuws.nl/nieuws/3900/Feestelijke%2Bopening%2Bijsbaan%2BMuseumplein.html">Arquivado</a> 26 de decembro de 2008 en <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-museumpleinfacelift-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-museumpleinfacelift_37-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090807174714/http://www.topstad.amsterdam.nl/nieuws/museumplein_krijgt">"Museumplein krijgt facelift"</a>. <i>Gemeente Amsterdam</i> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en neerlandés)</span>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.topstad.amsterdam.nl/nieuws/museumplein_krijgt">o orixinal</a> o 07 de agosto de 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 20 de abril de 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%81msterdam&amp;rft.atitle=Museumplein+krijgt+facelift&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Gemeente+Amsterdam&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.topstad.amsterdam.nl%2Fnieuws%2Fmuseumplein_krijgt&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-38">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/?lang=en">"Home Page"</a>. Rijksmuseum Amsterdam.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%81msterdam&amp;rft.btitle=Home+Page&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=Rijksmuseum+Amsterdam&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rijksmuseum.nl%2F%3Flang%3Den&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-39">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080917054130/http://www.aviewoncities.com/amsterdam/rijksmuseum.htm">"Rijksmuseum"</a>. <i>Amsterdam</i>. A view on cities. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aviewoncities.com/amsterdam/rijksmuseum.htm">o orixinal</a> o 17 de setembro de 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 20 de abril de 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%81msterdam&amp;rft.atitle=Rijksmuseum&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Amsterdam&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aviewoncities.com%2Famsterdam%2Frijksmuseum.htm&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-40">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090415214422/http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/hetnieuwerijksmuseum?lang=en">"The New Rijksmuseum"</a>. Rijksmuseum Amsterdam. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/hetnieuwerijksmuseum?lang=en">o orixinal</a> o 15 de abril de 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o <span class="nowrap">2008-10-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%81msterdam&amp;rft.btitle=The+New+Rijksmuseum&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=Rijksmuseum+Amsterdam&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rijksmuseum.nl%2Fhetnieuwerijksmuseum%3Flang%3Den&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090415214422/http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/hetnieuwerijksmuseum?lang=en">Arquivado</a> 15 de abril de 2009 en <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vangogh1-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-vangogh1_41-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080930033657/http://www.museum.nl/index.cfm/museum/Van-Gogh-Museum">"Van Gogh Museum Amsterdam"</a>. <i>Museum.nl</i> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en neerlandés)</span>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.museum.nl/index.cfm/museum/Van-Gogh-Museum">o orixinal</a> o 30 de setembro de 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 21 de abril de 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%81msterdam&amp;rft.atitle=Van+Gogh+Museum+Amsterdam&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Museum.nl&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.museum.nl%2Findex.cfm%2Fmuseum%2FVan-Gogh-Museum&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080930033657/http://www.museum.nl/index.cfm/museum/Van-Gogh-Museum">Arquivado</a> 30 de setembro de 2008 en <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vangogh2-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-vangogh2_42-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080516145157/http://www.architectuur.org/rietveld02.php">"Architectuur Van Gogh Museum Amsterdam"</a> <span style="font-style: italic;">(en neerlandés)</span>. Architectuur.org. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://architectuur.org/rietveld02.php">o orixinal</a> o 16 de maio de 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 21 de abril de 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%81msterdam&amp;rft.btitle=Architectuur+Van+Gogh+Museum+Amsterdam&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=Architectuur.org&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchitectuur.org%2Frietveld02.php&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-stedelijk-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-stedelijk_43-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080527175850/http://www.kunstbus.nl/adres/stedelijk+museum+cs+amsterdam.html">"Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam"</a>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kunstbus.nl/adres/stedelijk+museum+cs+amsterdam.html">o orixinal</a> o 27 de maio de 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 21 de Abril de 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%81msterdam&amp;rft.btitle=Stedelijk+Museum+Amsterdam&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kunstbus.nl%2Fadres%2Fstedelijk%2Bmuseum%2Bcs%2Bamsterdam.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Véxase_tamén"><span id="V.C3.A9xase_tam.C3.A9n"></span>Véxase tamén</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=25" title="Editar a sección: «Véxase tamén»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;action=edit&amp;section=25" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Véxase tamén"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table role="presentation" class="mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox" style="background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1);color:inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Portada_galega" class="extiw" title="commons:Portada galega">Wikimedia Commons</a> ten máis contidos multimedia na categoría:&#8201;&#8201;<i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Amsterdam" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Amsterdam">Ámsterdam</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727" title="Modificar a ligazón no Wikidata"><img alt="Modificar a ligazón no Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/12px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/18px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/24px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></b></i></td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliografía"><span id="Bibliograf.C3.ADa"></span>Bibliografía</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=26" title="Editar a sección: «Bibliografía»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81msterdam&amp;action=edit&amp;section=26" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Bibliografía"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFBernsDaan1993" class="citation book">Berns, Jan; Daan, Jo (1993). BZZTôH, ed. <i>Hij zeit wat: de Amsterdamse volkstaal</i>. A Haia. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_bibliogr%C3%A1ficas/978-9062917563" title="Especial:Fontes bibliográficas/978-9062917563">978-9062917563</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%81msterdam&amp;rft.au=Daan%2C+Jo&amp;rft.aufirst=Jan&amp;rft.aulast=Berns&amp;rft.btitle=Hij+zeit+wat%3A+de+Amsterdamse+volkstaal&amp;rft.date=1993&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-9062917563&amp;rft.place=A+Haia&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFFrijhoffPrak2005" class="citation book">Frijhoff, Willem; Prak, Maarten (2005). SUN, ed. <i>Geschiedenis van Amsterdam. Zelfbewuste stadsstaat 1650–1813</i>. Ámsterdam. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_bibliogr%C3%A1ficas/978-9058751386" title="Especial:Fontes bibliográficas/978-9058751386">978-9058751386</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%81msterdam&amp;rft.au=Prak%2C+Maarten&amp;rft.aufirst=Willem&amp;rft.aulast=Frijhoff&amp;rft.btitle=Geschiedenis+van+Amsterdam.+Zelfbewuste+stadsstaat+1650%931813&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-9058751386&amp;rft.place=%C3%81msterdam&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFMak1994" class="citation book">Mak, Geert (1994). Atlas, ed. <i>Een kleine geschiedenis van Amsterdam</i>. Amsterdam &amp; Antwerp. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_bibliogr%C3%A1ficas/978-9045019536" title="Especial:Fontes bibliográficas/978-9045019536">978-9045019536</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%81msterdam&amp;rft.aufirst=Geert&amp;rft.aulast=Mak&amp;rft.btitle=Een+kleine+geschiedenis+van+Amsterdam&amp;rft.date=1994&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-9045019536&amp;rft.place=Amsterdam+%26+Antwerp&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li>Charles Caspers &amp; Peter Jan Margry (2017), <i>Het Mirakel van Amsterdam. Biografie van een betwiste devotie</i> (Ámsterdam, Prometheus).</li> <li><cite id="CITEREFNusteling1985" class="citation book">Nusteling, Hubert (1985). De Bataafsche Leeuw, ed. <i>Welvaart en werkgelegenheid in Amsterdam 1540–1860. Een relaas over demografie, economie en sociale politiek van een wereldstad</i>. Ámsterdam. <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_bibliogr%C3%A1ficas/978-9067070829" title="Especial:Fontes bibliográficas/978-9067070829">978-9067070829</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%81msterdam&amp;rft.aufirst=Hubert&amp;rft.aulast=Nusteling&amp;rft.btitle=Welvaart+en+werkgelegenheid+in+Amsterdam+1540%931860.+Een+relaas+over+demografie%2C+economie+en+sociale+politiek+van+een+wereldstad&amp;rft.date=1985&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-9067070829&amp;rft.place=%C3%81msterdam&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFRamaer1921" class="citation book">Ramaer, J.C. (1921). <i>Middelpunten der bewoning in Nederland, voorheen en thans</i>. <i>TAG 2e Serie</i> <b>38</b>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%81msterdam&amp;rft.aufirst=J.C.&amp;rft.aulast=Ramaer&amp;rft.btitle=Middelpunten+der+bewoning+in+Nederland%2C+voorheen+en+thans&amp;rft.date=1921&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFVan_Dillen1929" class="citation book">Van Dillen, J.G. (1929). <i>Bronnen tot de geschiedenis van het bedrijfsleven en het gildewezen van Amsterdam</i>. A Haia.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%81msterdam&amp;rft.aufirst=J.G.&amp;rft.aulast=Van+Dillen&amp;rft.btitle=Bronnen+tot+de+geschiedenis+van+het+bedrijfsleven+en+het+gildewezen+van+Amsterdam&amp;rft.date=1929&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.place=A+Haia&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFVan_LeeuwenOeppen1993" class="citation book">Van Leeuwen, M.; Oeppen, J.E. (1993). <i>Reconstructing the Demographic Regime of Amsterdam 1681–1920</i>. <i>Economic and Social History in the Netherlands</i> <b>5</b>. pp.&#160;61–102. <a href="/wiki/Handle_System" title="Handle System">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//hdl.handle.net/10622%2F09251669-1993-001">10622/09251669-1993-001</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3A%C3%81msterdam&amp;rft.au=Oeppen%2C+J.E.&amp;rft.aufirst=M.&amp;rft.aulast=Van+Leeuwen&amp;rft.btitle=Reconstructing+the+Demographic+Regime+of+Amsterdam+1681%931920&amp;rft.date=1993&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.pages=61-102&amp;rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F10622%2F09251669-1993-001&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Outros_artigos">Outros artigos</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a 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class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Dubl%C3%ADn" title="Dublín">Dublín</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Flag_of_Finland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Finlandia"><img alt="Finlandia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Helsinqui" title="Helsinqui">Helsinqui</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Flag_of_Portugal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portugal"><img alt="Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/20px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/30px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/40px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Lisboa" title="Lisboa">Lisboa</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Flag_of_Slovenia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Eslovenia"><img alt="Eslovenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Liubliana" title="Liubliana">Liubliana</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Luxemburgo"><img alt="Luxemburgo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/20px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/30px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/40px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Luxemburgo_(cidade)" title="Luxemburgo (cidade)">Luxemburgo</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Flag_of_Spain.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="España"><img alt="España" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/20px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/30px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/40px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Flag_of_Cyprus.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chipre"><img alt="Chipre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/20px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/30px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/40px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Nicosia" title="Nicosia">Nicosia</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Flag_of_France.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Francia"><img alt="Francia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/20px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/30px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Par%C3%ADs" title="París">París</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_Checa" title="República Checa"><img alt="República Checa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Praga" title="Praga">Praga</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Flag_of_Latvia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Riga" title="Riga">Riga</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Flag_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Italia"><img alt="Italia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/20px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/30px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Roma" title="Roma">Roma</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Sof%C3%ADa,_Bulgaria" title="Sofía, Bulgaria">Sofía</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Flag_of_Sweden.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/20px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/30px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/40px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Estocolmo" title="Estocolmo">Estocolmo</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Flag_of_Estonia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Estonia"><img alt="Estonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Tal%C3%ADn" title="Talín">Talín</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Flag_of_Malta.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/20px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/30px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/40px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/A_Valeta" title="A Valeta">A Valeta</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><img alt="Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Viena" title="Viena">Viena</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Flag_of_Lithuania.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lituania"><img alt="Lituania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/20px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/30px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/40px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Vilnius" title="Vilnius">Vilnius</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Flag_of_Poland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Polonia"><img alt="Polonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Varsovia" title="Varsovia">Varsovia</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Croacia" title="Croacia"><img alt="Croacia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Zagreb" title="Zagreb">Zagreb</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Uni%C3%B3n_Europea" title="Unión Europea"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/50px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/75px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/100px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Capitais_europeas_da_cultura" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="4" style="background-color: #003399; color:#FFCC00;"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-ver"><a href="/wiki/Modelo:Capitais_europeas_da_cultura" title="Modelo:Capitais europeas da cultura"><abbr title="Ver o modelo">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-conversa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conversa_modelo:Capitais_europeas_da_cultura&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Conversa modelo:Capitais europeas da cultura (a páxina aínda non existe)"><abbr title="Conversa do modelo">c</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-editar"><a class="external text" href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Modelo:Capitais_europeas_da_cultura&amp;action=edit"><abbr title="Editar o modelo">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Capitais_europeas_da_cultura" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Capitais europeas da cultura</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0px 2px 0px 0px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Flag_of_Europe.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bandeira da Unión Europea"><img alt="Bandeira da Unión Europea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/60px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/90px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/120px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span></div></td><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>1985: <a href="/wiki/Atenas" title="Atenas">Atenas</a></li> <li>1986: <a href="/wiki/Florencia" title="Florencia">Florencia</a></li> <li>1987: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ámsterdam</a></li> <li>1988: <a href="/wiki/Berl%C3%ADn" title="Berlín">Berlín</a></li> <li>1989: <a href="/wiki/Par%C3%ADs" title="París">París</a></li> <li>1990: <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a></li> <li>1991: <a href="/wiki/Dubl%C3%ADn" title="Dublín">Dublín</a></li> <li>1992: <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a></li> <li>1993: <a href="/wiki/Anveres" title="Anveres">Anveres</a></li> <li>1994: <a href="/wiki/Lisboa" title="Lisboa">Lisboa</a></li> <li>1995: <a href="/wiki/Luxemburgo_(cidade)" title="Luxemburgo (cidade)">Luxemburgo</a></li> <li>1996: <a href="/wiki/Copenhague" title="Copenhague">Copenhague</a></li> <li>1997: <a href="/wiki/Tesal%C3%B3nica" title="Tesalónica">Tesalónica</a></li> <li>1998: <a href="/wiki/Estocolmo" title="Estocolmo">Estocolmo</a></li> <li>1999: <a href="/wiki/Weimar" title="Weimar">Weimar</a></li> <li>2000: <a href="/wiki/Reiquiavik" title="Reiquiavik">Reiquiavik</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bergen" title="Bergen">Bergen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Helsinqui" title="Helsinqui">Helsinqui</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bruxelas" title="Bruxelas">Bruxelas</a> · <a href="/wiki/Praga" title="Praga">Praga</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cracovia" title="Cracovia">Cracovia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Santiago_de_Compostela" title="Santiago de Compostela">Santiago de Compostela</a> · <a href="/wiki/Avi%C3%B1%C3%B3n" title="Aviñón">Aviñón</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bolo%C3%B1a" title="Boloña">Boloña</a></li> <li>2001: <a href="/wiki/Rotterdam" title="Rotterdam">Rotterdam</a> · <a href="/wiki/Porto,_Portugal" title="Porto, Portugal">Porto</a></li> <li>2002: <a href="/wiki/Bruxas" title="Bruxas">Bruxas</a> · <a href="/wiki/Salamanca" title="Salamanca">Salamanca</a></li> <li>2003: <a href="/wiki/Graz" title="Graz">Graz</a></li> <li>2004: <a href="/wiki/X%C3%A9nova" title="Xénova">Xénova</a> · <a href="/wiki/Lille" title="Lille">Lille</a></li> <li>2005: <a href="/wiki/Cork" title="Cork">Cork</a></li> <li>2006: <a href="/wiki/Patras" title="Patras">Patras</a></li> <li>2007: <a href="/wiki/Luxemburgo" title="Luxemburgo">Luxemburgo</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sibiu" title="Sibiu">Sibiu</a> (rexión)</li> <li>2008: <a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stavanger" title="Stavanger">Stavanger</a></li> <li>2009: <a href="/wiki/Linz" title="Linz">Linz</a> · <a href="/wiki/Vilnius" title="Vilnius">Vilnius</a></li> <li>2010: <a href="/wiki/Essen" title="Essen">Essen</a> · <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9cs" title="Pécs">Pécs</a> · <a href="/wiki/Istambul" title="Istambul">Istambul</a></li> <li>2011: <a href="/wiki/Turku" title="Turku">Turku</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tal%C3%ADn" title="Talín">Talín</a></li> <li>2012: <a href="/wiki/Guimar%C3%A3es" title="Guimarães">Guimarães</a> · <a href="/wiki/Maribor" title="Maribor">Maribor</a></li> <li>2013: <a href="/wiki/Marsella" title="Marsella">Marsella</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ko%C5%A1ice" title="Košice">Košice</a></li> <li>2014: <a href="/wiki/Riga" title="Riga">Riga</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ume%C3%A5" title="Umeå">Umeå</a></li> <li>2015: <a href="/wiki/Mons" title="Mons">Mons</a> · <a href="/wiki/Plze%C5%88" title="Plzeň">Plzeň</a></li> <li>2016: <a href="/wiki/Donostia" title="Donostia">Donostia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Wroc%C5%82aw" title="Wrocław">Wrocław</a></li> <li>2017: <a href="/wiki/Aarhus" title="Aarhus">Aarhus</a> · <a href="/wiki/Paphos" title="Paphos">Paphos</a></li> <li>2018: <a href="/wiki/Leeuwarden" title="Leeuwarden">Leeuwarden</a> · <a href="/wiki/A_Valeta" title="A Valeta">A Valeta</a></li> <li>2019: <a href="/wiki/Matera" title="Matera">Matera</a> · <a href="/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv">Plovdiv</a></li> <li>2020: <a href="/wiki/Galway" title="Galway">Galway</a> · <a href="/wiki/Rijeka" title="Rijeka">Rijeka</a></li> <li>2021: <a href="/wiki/Timi%C8%99oara" title="Timișoara">Timișoara</a> · <a href="/wiki/Novi_Sad" title="Novi Sad">Novi Sad</a> · <a href="/wiki/Eleusis" title="Eleusis">Eleusis</a></li> <li>2022: <a href="/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas">Kaunas</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Esch-sur-Alzette&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Esch-sur-Alzette (a páxina aínda non existe)">Esch-sur-Alzette</a></li> <li>2023: <a href="/wiki/Veszpr%C3%A9m" title="Veszprém">Veszprém</a></li> <li>2024: <a href="/wiki/Tartu" title="Tartu">Tartu</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bad_Ischl&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Bad Ischl (a páxina aínda non existe)">Bad Ischl</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bod%C3%B8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Bodø (a páxina aínda non existe)">Bodø</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Carte_des_capitales_europ%C3%A9ennes_de_la_culture.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mapa de Europa coas CEC"><img alt="Mapa de Europa coas CEC" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Carte_des_capitales_europ%C3%A9ennes_de_la_culture.jpg/60px-Carte_des_capitales_europ%C3%A9ennes_de_la_culture.jpg" decoding="async" width="60" height="51" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Carte_des_capitales_europ%C3%A9ennes_de_la_culture.jpg/90px-Carte_des_capitales_europ%C3%A9ennes_de_la_culture.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Carte_des_capitales_europ%C3%A9ennes_de_la_culture.jpg/120px-Carte_des_capitales_europ%C3%A9ennes_de_la_culture.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1401" data-file-height="1198" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cidades_de_Holanda_Setentrional" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="4" style="background-color: #FFA500;"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-ver"><a href="/wiki/Modelo:Cidades_de_Holanda_Setentrional" title="Modelo:Cidades de Holanda Setentrional"><abbr title="Ver o modelo">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-conversa"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conversa_modelo:Cidades_de_Holanda_Setentrional&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Conversa modelo:Cidades de Holanda Setentrional (a páxina aínda non existe)"><abbr title="Conversa do modelo">c</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-editar"><a class="external text" href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Modelo:Cidades_de_Holanda_Setentrional&amp;action=edit"><abbr title="Editar o modelo">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cidades_de_Holanda_Setentrional" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Cidades de <a href="/wiki/Holanda_Setentrional" title="Holanda Setentrional">Holanda Setentrional</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0px 2px 0px 0px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Flag_of_North_Holland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bandeira de Holanda Setentrional"><img alt="Bandeira de Holanda Setentrional" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Holland.svg/40px-Flag_of_North_Holland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Holland.svg/60px-Flag_of_North_Holland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_North_Holland.svg/80px-Flag_of_North_Holland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Wapen_van_Alkmaar_bewerkt.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Wapen_van_Alkmaar_bewerkt.PNG/37px-Wapen_van_Alkmaar_bewerkt.PNG" decoding="async" width="37" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Wapen_van_Alkmaar_bewerkt.PNG/56px-Wapen_van_Alkmaar_bewerkt.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Wapen_van_Alkmaar_bewerkt.PNG/74px-Wapen_van_Alkmaar_bewerkt.PNG 2x" data-file-width="425" data-file-height="280" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Alkmaar" title="Alkmaar">Alkmaar</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Wapen_van_Amsterdam_bewerkt.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Wapen_van_Amsterdam_bewerkt.PNG/43px-Wapen_van_Amsterdam_bewerkt.PNG" decoding="async" width="43" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Wapen_van_Amsterdam_bewerkt.PNG/65px-Wapen_van_Amsterdam_bewerkt.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Wapen_van_Amsterdam_bewerkt.PNG/86px-Wapen_van_Amsterdam_bewerkt.PNG 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="184" /></a></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ámsterdam</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Haarlem_wapen.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Haarlem_wapen.svg/30px-Haarlem_wapen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Haarlem_wapen.svg/45px-Haarlem_wapen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Haarlem_wapen.svg/60px-Haarlem_wapen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2200" data-file-height="1503" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Haarlem" title="Haarlem">Haarlem</a></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Wapen_van_Noord-Holland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Escudo de Holanda Setentrional"><img alt="Escudo de Holanda Setentrional" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Wapen_van_Noord-Holland.svg/40px-Wapen_van_Noord-Holland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Wapen_van_Noord-Holland.svg/60px-Wapen_van_Noord-Holland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Wapen_van_Noord-Holland.svg/80px-Wapen_van_Noord-Holland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="440" data-file-height="634" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Control_de_autoridades" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Control_de_autoridades" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 12%; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Axuda:Control_de_autoridades" title="Axuda:Control de autoridades">Control de autoridades</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlinks" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Main_Page" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span>: <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q727">Q727</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/identities/containsVIAFID/158212776">WorldCat</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/158212776/">158212776</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_do_Brasil" title="Biblioteca Nacional do Brasil">BLBNB</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://acervo.bn.gov.br/sophia_web/autoridade/detalhe/000144492">000144492</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Museo_Brit%C3%A1nico" title="Museo Británico">BMT</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG182582">182582</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Biblioteca Nacional de España">BNE</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datos.bne.es/resource/XX450853">XX450853</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Francia" title="Biblioteca Nacional de Francia">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119430472">119430472</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Grande_Enciclopedia_Rusa" title="Grande Enciclopedia Rusa">BRE</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://old.bigenc.ru/text/1819093">1819093</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">BVPB: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bvpb.mcu.es/es/consulta_aut/registro.cmd?id=25220">25220</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/CiNii" title="CiNii">CiNii</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA11880697">DA11880697</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">EBID</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Amsterdam">ID</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Faceted_Application_of_Subject_Terminology" title="Faceted Application of Subject Terminology">FAST</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.worldcat.org/fast/1204180">1204180</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Gran_Enciclop%C3%A8dia_Catalana" title="Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana">GEC</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/ec-gec-0003692.xml">0003692</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/GeoNames" title="GeoNames">GeoNames</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.geonames.org/2759794">2759794</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Giant_Bomb" title="Giant Bomb">GiantBomb</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.giantbomb.com/wd/3035-488/">3035-488</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a 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class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00628114">00628114</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_da_Rep%C3%BAblica_Checa" title="Biblioteca Nacional da República Checa">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&amp;local_base=aut&amp;ccl_term=ica=ge128661">ge128661</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Australia" title="Biblioteca Nacional de Australia">NLA</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://librariesaustralia.nla.gov.au/search/display?dbid=auth&amp;id=35782678">35782678</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap">OSM</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/271110">271110</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Getty_Thesaurus_of_Geographic_Names" title="Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names">TGN</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vocab.getty.edu/page/tgn/7006952">7006952</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/WOEID" title="WOEID">WOEID</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/places/info/727232">727232</a></span></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.canary‐67c44fb794‐dmq5q Cached time: 20241128020711 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 1.697 seconds Real time usage: 2.860 seconds 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