Appel à communication - Via Tourism « Tourisme et animaux »

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Le tourisme peut sembler marqué par un biais spéciste, ne comptabilisant et ne comptant parmi les voyageurs que les humains, alors que les animaux sont omniprésents dans le tourisme, sous les différents rôles du host and guest. Le tourisme, en effet, n’est..." /> <meta name="DC.description" content="Appel coordonné parThomas Apchain, Anthropologue – Enseignant-Chercheur à l’ESTHUA Université d’Angers, Laboratoire ESO Espaces et Société.Sébastien Jacquot, Géographe - Enseignant-chercheur Université Paris 1 Panthéon Sorbonne - EA EIREST. Le tourisme peut sembler marqué par un biais spéciste, ne comptabilisant et ne comptant parmi les voyageurs que les humains, alors que les animaux sont omniprésents dans le tourisme, sous les différents rôles du host and guest. 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Le tourisme peut sembler marqué par un biais spéciste, ne comptabilisant et ne comptant parmi les voyageurs que les humains, alors que les animaux sont omniprésents dans le tourisme, sous les différents rôles du host and guest. 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Enseignant-chercheur Université Paris 1 Panthéon Sorbonne - EA EIREST.</p> <p class="texte">Le tourisme peut sembler marqué par un biais spéciste, ne comptabilisant et ne comptant parmi les voyageurs que les humains, alors que les animaux sont omniprésents dans le tourisme, sous les différents rôles du <em>host and guest</em>. Le tourisme, en effet, n’est pas une affaire exclusivement humaine. D’un côté, de nombreux animaux de compagnie voyagent avec les touristes, et sont d’ailleurs soumis à diverses formalités touristiques (billet, carnet de vaccination). De l’autre, les animaux sont un motif du voyage (tourisme animalier, safaris, wildlife tourism), et plus largement une part importante de l’expérience touristique, du<em> tourist gaze</em> au <em>tourist taste </em>et aux goûts et dégoûts auxquels ils donnent lieu. Ce lien entre tourisme et animaux n’est pas marginal. Il concerne l’ensemble des destinations, et constitue tant un enjeu économique que de découverte du monde. En outre, le tourisme semble ouvrir un espace-temps propice au déploiement de nouvelles relations avec les animaux, liés notamment aux enjeux environnementaux et, plus spécifiquement, à l’émergence d’une nouvelle éthique animale qui vient parfois brouiller la distinction humain/animal.</p> <p class="texte">Cet appel vise donc à comprendre la façon dont les animaux réinterrogent le tourisme non seulement du point de vue des expériences touristiques, mais aussi des éthiques du tourisme et de ses évolutions. En considérant les animaux non plus seulement comme objets d’intérêt, mais comme êtres vivants, nous proposons d’interroger la posture du touriste et la responsabilité du tourisme à l’heure où le monde vivant connait des menaces multidimensionnelles, aboutissant à une 6e extinction des espèces, en termes de diversité. En effet, le vivant est soumis à de nombreuses reconfigurations, du fait des changements climatiques, de la transformation des milieux et de l’expulsion d’une part du vivant, de l’exploitation du monde animal et du trafic d’espèces, de l’industrialisation de la production de nourriture d’origine animale (Porcher, 2014). Cette 6e extinction est concomitante d’une redistribution du rapport entre espèces domestiques et sauvages, la biomasse des vertébrés étant largement composée des animaux domestiques et de compagnie, les animaux dits sauvages devenant alors l’objet d’un <em>last chance tourism.</em> </p> <p class="texte">Cet appel est ouvert à des contributions s’inscrivant dans un ou plusieurs des axes et questionnements suivants : </p> <h1 class="texte"><a href="#tocfrom1n1" id="tocto1n1">Aménagement et thématisation des destinations</a></h1> <p class="texte">L’animal a d’abord été un enjeu d’aménagement consistant soit à contrôler la prolifération d’espèces jugées néfastes à tourisme (moustiques, pigeons, etc.), soit, à l’inverse, à préserver d’autres espèces par divers dispositifs (parcs nationaux, zonage, etc.), ou même à s’opposer à des projets d’aménagement touristique, au nom de la préservation de certaines espèces de leurs milieux.</p> <p class="texte">Dans d’autres cas, les animaux sont directement mobilisés et embarqués dans la mise en tourisme et la promotion des destinations. En effet, l’animal a été une dimension importante des imaginaires touristiques et de l’exotisation du monde, et certains animaux continuent d’apparaître comme emblème ou motif majeur du positionnement international de certaines destinations (mais aussi de tour-opérateurs, groupes hôteliers, compagnies aériennes, bref de toute entreprise engagée dans la mise en tourisme du monde).</p> <p class="texte">Plus concrètement encore, des stratégies touristiques ciblent des consommateurs à fort pouvoir d’achat, en promouvant la pêche, le safari ou la chasse, de la région des Lacs au Chili aux pays marqués par un safari animalier, ou des formes de tourisme itinérant associé aux animaux (chiens de traîneaux, ânes bâtés, chevaux, etc.).</p> <p class="texte">De l’animal ressource à l’animal parasite, cet axe entend interroger la place de l’animal dans des projets d’aménagement et de mise en tourisme en étant attentif aux évolutions et à la pluralité des postures adoptés dans le management des destinations.</p> <h1 class="texte"><a href="#tocfrom1n2" id="tocto1n2">Pratiques touristiques dans leur lien à l’animal</a></h1> <p class="texte">Les touristes interagissent avec les animaux de différentes façons, en les observant, en les touchant, en les chassant, en participant à leur soin, en les consommant. Ces interactions sont souvent organisées dans des lieux spécifiques (parcs nationaux ou régionaux, zoos, parcs animaliers, fermes), qui organisent l’exposition des animaux ou les activités liées aux animaux, selon diverses conceptions du rapport humains-animaux, pouvant être analysés, y compris dans leur historicité, comme des dispositifs (Estebanez, 2010). </p> <p class="texte">De la chasse d’animaux africains en plein Texas au déploiement d’un « volontourisme » qui semble de plus en plus tourné vers la question animale, l’éventail des pratiques touristiques en lien à l’animal est large. Si les touristes s’y positionnent de manière différenciée, les mêmes animaux, eux, sont souvent concernés par l’ensemble des pratiques, de la prédation à la protection. Le rapport à l’animal se manifeste aussi dans le lien avec les animaux amenés en voyage, ou dans le travail auprès et avec les animaux, en situation touristique.</p> <p class="texte">Enfin, le tourisme en lien avec les animaux peut apparaître comme une des modalités d’expression d’une crise du rapport au vivant, mais aussi des modalités de son dépassement, en considérant le tourisme comme une relation non pas à l’animalité en général, mais à des singularités animales, dans le sillage indiqué par Donna Haraway (2019). </p> <p class="texte">Cet axe est à nourrir de contributions permettant de rendre compte de cette diversité (diachronique et synchronique) de pratiques et de dispositifs, et des conflits générés.</p> <h1 class="texte"><a href="#tocfrom1n3" id="tocto1n3">Humains et animaux : des différenciations à rediscuter à l’aune du tourisme ?</a></h1> <p class="texte">Les liens entre tourisme et animalité amènent aussi à rediscuter des frontières spécistes, entre animalisation des touristes dans certains discours et traitement de l’animal comme passager (ticket, documents d’identité et sanitaires) et consommateur. </p> <p class="texte">Les sujets de l’expérience touristique peuvent aussi intégrer les animaux domestiques qui partent également en vacances, même si ce lien est peu étudié par les tourism studies (Carr, 2017). Les animaux peuvent devenir prescripteurs de choix de séjour, en lien avec des activités spécifiques aux animaux et leur propre développement. Toutefois, l’accueil des animaux domestiques est souvent limité (Carr, Cohen, 2009), tandis que certains services touristiques, comme les meublés touristiques, peuvent intégrer la présence d’animaux domestiques, positionnant une attitude « pet-friendly » comme élément distinctif de l’offre touristique (Yu et al., 2020).</p> <p class="texte">Par ailleurs, le tourisme animalier peut s’inscrire dans des enjeux de développement local, de financement de projets de conservation et de retombées locales pour les populations locales, questionnant le partage entre bénéficiaires, laissés-pour-compte et victimes de ces formes touristiques, entre humains et non-humains (Michel, 2015). Le rapport entre tourisme et animaux a également une dimension éthique et politique, pouvant être qualifié de juste ou injuste (Fennell, Sheppard, 2020), dès lors qu’est questionnée la possibilité de doter les animaux en situation touristique de droits, ou en les considérant comme patients ou agents moraux, du point de vue de leurs souffrances. Le tourisme devient alors un champ de la guerre de la compassion (Derrida, 2006).</p> <p class="texte">Peut-on considérer un agir animal en situation touristique, en les pensant comme des figures en résistance (Fahim, 2022) ? Quelle conception du rapport humain-animal émerge alors de ces situations touristiques ? Cet axe interroge le tourisme en tant qu’il permet de repenser les frontières de l’animalités sur divers plans (juridique, éthique, moral, affectif, politique).</p> <h1 class="texte"><a href="#tocfrom1n4" id="tocto1n4">La valorisation de l’animal comme patrimoine</a></h1> <p class="texte">Très présent dans le tourisme, l’animal est aussi au cœur de nombreuses politiques de patrimonialisation, concernant l’équitation, l’élevage, des fêtes, ou des pratiques rituelles ou culinaires. Se manifestant à la fois dans le bâti, le vivant et l’immatériel, situé entre nature et culture, l’animal concerne l’ensemble des catégories patrimoniales contemporaines. Dans le cadre du Patrimoine Culturel Immatériel de l’UNESCO, l’animal semble avoir une place de choix : les pratiques relatives à cet animal semblent en effet particulièrement efficaces pour l’expression et la performance d’une singularité culturelle, notamment à des fins touristiques.</p> <p class="texte">Toutefois, cette valorisation patrimoniale des animaux n’est pas épargnée par l’émergence d’une nouvelle éthique animale qui pointe souvent comme problématique l’utilisation des animaux. Aussi, autour d’une même proclamation d’un amour et, même, d’une volonté de protéger l’animal, les mises en patrimoine et en tourisme des animaux se développent sous fond d’un débat qui reprend les contours de celui qui oppose depuis plusieurs décennies préservationnistes et conservationnistes, et que les contributions de cet axe pourront éclairer.</p> <h1 class="texte"><a href="#tocfrom1n5" id="tocto1n5">Méthodes et croisements</a></h1> <p class="texte">Enfin, ce croisement entre tourisme et animaux interroge aussi les méthodes d’enquêtes sur le tourisme, qui peuvent s’ouvrir aux apports des sciences de l’environnement ou de la nature, ou prendre le parti des animaux, notamment via des approches non anthropocentrées (Dashper, 2018) ou fictionnelles, en élargissant et en ouvrant la voie à l’agir animal (Estebanez, Gouaubault, Michalon, 2012), co-créateur de l’expérience touristique (Bertella, 2014) jusqu’au risque d’une subjectivation animale.</p> <p class="texte">Des contributions situées au croisement de ces différentes approches, et que la question de l’animalité dans le tourisme sollicite d’une manière nouvelle, seront donc particulièrement bienvenues dans ce numéro.</p> <h1 class="texte"><a href="#tocfrom1n6" id="tocto1n6">Modalités et formats des contributions</a></h1> <p class="texte">- Les propositions peuvent être soumises sous la forme de résumé n’excédant pas les 500 mots et peuvent être soumises par email aux adresses : <a href="mailto:thomas.apchain@univ-angers.fr">thomas.apchain@univ-angers.fr</a> et <a href="mailto:sebastien.jacquot@univ-paris1.fr">sebastien.jacquot@univ-paris1.fr</a> et en copie à <a href="mailto:viatourismreview@univ-paris1.fr">viatourismreview@univ-paris1.fr</a> avant le <strong>30 mars 2025.</strong></p> <p class="texte">Elles peuvent être rédigées en français, anglais, allemand, espagnol, catalan, portugais ou italien.</p> <p class="texte">- Pour les propositions de résumés retenus, la transmission de l’article complet (40 000 caractères maximum) est prévue pour le <strong>30 juin 2025</strong>.</p> </div></div> <div id="bibliography" class="section"> <h2 class="section"><span class="text">Bibliographie</span></h2> <div class="text"> <p class="bibliographie">Afeissa, Hicham-Stéphane (2012), <em>Nouveaux fronts écologiques. Essais d’éthique environnementale et de philosophie animale</em>, Paris, Vrin.</p> <p class="bibliographie"><span xml:lang="en" lang="en">Bertella Giovanna (2014), The Co-creation of Animal-based Tourism Experience, </span><em><span xml:lang="en" lang="en">Tourism Recreation Research</span></em><span xml:lang="en" lang="en">, 39:1, 115-125.</span></p> <p class="bibliographie"><span xml:lang="en" lang="en">Carr Neil, Cohen Scott (2009), Holidaying with the Family Pet: No Dogs Allowed!, </span><em><span xml:lang="en" lang="en">Tourism and Hospitality Research</span></em><span xml:lang="en" lang="en">, 9(4), 290-304.</span></p> <p class="bibliographie"><span xml:lang="en" lang="en">Carr Neil (2017), Recognising the position of the pet dog in tourism, </span><em><span xml:lang="en" lang="en">Annals of Tourism Research</span></em><span xml:lang="en" lang="en">, pp. 112-113.</span></p> <p class="bibliographie"><span xml:lang="en" lang="en">Dashper Katherine (2018), Moving beyond anthropocentrism in leisure research: multispecies perspectives, </span><em><span xml:lang="en" lang="en">Annals of Leisure Research</span></em></p> <p class="bibliographie">Derrida Jacques, (2006), <em>L’animal que donc je suis</em>, ed. Galilée.</p> <p class="bibliographie">Estebanez Jean (2010), « Le zoo comme dispositif spatial : mise en scène du monde et de la juste distance entre l’humain et l’animal », <em>L’Espace géographique</em>, 2/ 2010.</p> <p class="bibliographie">Estebanez Jean, Gouabault Emmanuel, Michalon Jérôme (2012), « Où sont les animaux ? vers une géographie humanimale », <em>Carnets de géographes</em>.</p> <p class="bibliographie">Fahim Amir, (2022), <em>Révoltes animales</em>, éditions divergences.</p> <p class="bibliographie"><span xml:lang="en" lang="en">Fennell David A. (2012), Tourism and Animal Rights, </span><em><span xml:lang="en" lang="en">Tourism Recreation Research</span></em><span xml:lang="en" lang="en">, 37:2, 157-166.</span></p> <p class="bibliographie"><span xml:lang="en" lang="en">Fennell David A. & Valerie Sheppard (2020), Tourism, animals and the scales of justice, </span><em><span xml:lang="en" lang="en">Journal of Sustainable Tourism</span></em></p> <p class="bibliographie">Haraway Donna (2019), <em>Manifeste des espèces de compagnie</em>, Flammarion, Climats.</p> <p class="bibliographie">Michel Franck (2015), Dragons et lagons en Indonésie, tourisme et patrimoine sur l’île de Komodo, <em>Etudes caribéennes</em>.</p> <p class="bibliographie">Morizot Jean-Baptiste, (2020), <em>Manières d’être vivant</em>, Actes Sud.</p> <p class="bibliographie">Porcher Jocelyne (2014), <em>Vivre avec les animaux, une utopie pour le XXI</em><sup><em>e</em></sup><em> siècle</em>, La Découverte.</p> <p class="bibliographie"><span xml:lang="en" lang="en">Yu Meng, Mingming Cheng, Zhicheng Yu, Jie Tan & Zhiyong Li (2020): Investigating Airbnb listings’ amenities relative to hotels, </span><em><span xml:lang="en" lang="en">Current Issues in Tourism</span></em><span xml:lang="en" lang="en">.</span></p> </div><a class="go-top" href="#actualite-11723">Haut de page</a></div></div> <div class="navEntities bottom"><a rev="contents" class="goContents" href="1472" title="Appels en cours">Sommaire</a><span class="separator"> - </span><a rel="next" class="goNext" href="11727" title="Call for papers - Via Tourism "Tourism and animals"">Document suivant</a></div></div></div> <div id="nav"> <h1 class="hidden">Navigation</h1> <div id="navEntries"> <h2>Index</h2> <ul> <li><a href="236">Auteurs</a></li> <li><a href="241">Mots-clés</a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="navIssues"> <h2>Numéros en texte intégral</h2> <ul class="issues"> <li><a href="11734"><span class="number">26 | 2024</span><br /><span class="title">Tourisme et Néolibéralisme dans les Suds</span></a></li> <li><a href="10843"><span class="number">25 | 2024</span><br /><span class="title">L’olivier, patrimoine et tourisme</span></a></li> <li><a href="10208"><span class="number">24 | 2023</span><br /><span class="title">Les destinations lune de miel : l’apparence et l’envers du décor</span></a></li> <li><a href="9496"><span class="number">23 | 2023</span><br /><span class="title">Tourisme et imaginaires musicaux</span></a></li> <li><a href="8817"><span class="number">22 | 2022</span><br /><span class="title">(Mega)Evénements urbains et tourisme : pratiques touristiques et organisation spatiale</span></a></li> <li><a href="8064"><span class="number">21 | 2022</span><br /><span class="title">Tourisme et biopolitique</span></a></li> <li><a href="7284"><span class="number">20 | 2021</span><br /><span class="title">Tourisme religieux</span></a></li> <li><a href="6505"><span class="number">19 | 2021</span><br /><span class="title">Tourismes et géopolitiques</span></a></li> <li><a href="5751"><span class="number">18 | 2020</span><br /><span class="title">Ré-invention des territoires touristiques dans les stations des Alpes</span></a></li> <li><a href="4927"><span class="number">17 | 2020</span><br /><span class="title">Le paysage comme ressource touristique des espaces ruraux. Perspectives de l’Asie du Sud et du Sud-Est</span></a></li> <li><a href="4092"><span class="number">16 | 2019</span><br /><span class="title">Le tourisme à l'épreuve des paradigmes post et décoloniaux</span></a></li> <li><a href="3409"><span class="number">15 | 2019</span><br /><span class="title">Tourisme et paix, une alliance incertaine en Colombie</span></a></li> <li><a href="2885"><span class="number">14 | 2018</span><br /><span class="title">Représentations du tourisme au cinéma</span></a></li> <li><a href="1904"><span class="number">13 | 2018</span><br /><span class="title">Questions conceptuelles dans le champ du tourisme</span></a></li> <li><a href="1670"><span class="number">11-12 | 2017</span><br /><span class="title">L'érotisation des lieux touristiques</span></a></li> <li><a href="1335"><span class="number">10 | 2016</span><br /><span class="title">Expériences touristiques</span></a></li> <li><a href="274"><span class="number">9 | 2016</span><br /><span class="title">Aux marges du tourisme : utopies et réalités du tourisme hors des sentiers battus</span></a></li> <li><a href="423"><span class="number">8 | 2015</span><br /><span class="title">Varia</span></a></li> <li><a href="537"><span class="number">7 | 2015</span><br /><span class="title">Le Brésil, le Tourisme au-delà du Carnaval</span></a></li> <li><a href="676"><span class="number">6 | 2014</span><br /><span class="title">Varia</span></a></li> <li><a href="842"><span class="number">4-5 | 2014</span><br /><span class="title">Patrimoine mondial tourisme et développement durable en Afrique</span></a></li> <li><a href="989"><span class="number">3 | 2013</span><br /><span class="title">Varia</span></a></li> <li><a href="1056"><span class="number">2 | 2012</span><br /><span class="title">Tourisme et dynamiques identitaires</span></a></li> <li><a href="1170"><span class="number">1 | 2012</span><br /><span class="title">Les imaginaires touristiques</span></a></li> </ul> <h2 id="allIssues"><a href="263">Tous les numéros</a></h2> </div> <div id="navCollectionsSecondary"> <h2>La revue</h2> <ul> <li><a href="267"><span xml:lang="fr" lang="fr">Présentation</span></a></li> <li><a href="269">Comités</a></li> <li><a href="1334">Institutions partenaires</a></li> <li><a href="1164">Recommandations aux auteurs</a></li> <li><a href="5692">Procédure d’évaluation en double aveugle</a></li> <li><a href="5722">Code éthique</a></li> <li><a href="8050">Liste des évaluateurs Via Tourism Review</a></li> <li><a href="12615">Nelson Graburn, une histoire franco-américaine des études du tourisme</a></li> </ul> <h2>Appels à contribution</h2> <ul> <li><a href="1472">Appels en cours</a></li> <li><a href="1524">Appels clos</a></li> </ul> <h2>Informations</h2> <ul> <li><a href="270">Contact</a></li> <li><a href="271"><span xml:lang="fr" lang="fr">Crédits du site</span></a></li> <li><a href="http://journals.openedition.org/viatourism?page=informations">Politiques de publication</a></li> </ul> </div> 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