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class="vector-toc-text">Inizio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Origini_e_classificazione" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origini_e_classificazione"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Origini e classificazione</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origini_e_classificazione-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Suddivisione" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Suddivisione"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Suddivisione</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Suddivisione-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cataloghi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cataloghi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Cataloghi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cataloghi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Osservazione_amatoriale" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Osservazione_amatoriale"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Osservazione amatoriale</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Osservazione_amatoriale-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Oggetto del profondo cielo</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 31 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-31" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">31 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diepruimte" title="Diepruimte - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Diepruimte" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%82%D8%A9" title="أجرام السماء العميقة - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أجرام السماء العميقة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Objecte_de_l%27espai_profund" title="Objecte de l'espai profund - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Objecte de l'espai profund" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hlubok%C3%BD_vesm%C3%ADr" title="Hluboký vesmír - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hluboký vesmír" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Sky" title="Deep Sky - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Deep Sky" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep-sky_object" title="Deep-sky object - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Deep-sky object" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Objeto_del_espacio_profundo" title="Objeto del espacio profundo - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Objeto del espacio profundo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espazio_sakoneko_objektu" title="Espazio sakoneko objektu - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Espazio sakoneko objektu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%DA%98%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="دگرهستی‌ها در ژرفای آسمان - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دگرهستی‌ها در ژرفای آسمان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syv%C3%A4_taivas" title="Syvä taivas - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Syvä taivas" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Objet_du_ciel_profond" title="Objet du ciel profond - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Objet du ciel profond" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%9D_%D7%A9%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A7" title="גרם שמיים עמוק - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גרם שמיים עמוק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9ly%C3%A9gobjektum" title="Mélyégobjektum - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Mélyégobjektum" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dj%C3%BApfyrirb%C3%A6ri" title="Djúpfyrirbæri - islandese" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Djúpfyrirbæri" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D2%93%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96" title="Арғаспан денелері - kazako" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Арғаспан денелері" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazako" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%AC%EC%9B%90%EC%B2%9C%EC%B2%B4" title="심원천체 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="심원천체" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Sky" title="Deep Sky - lussemburghese" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Deep Sky" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="lussemburghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Длабоконебесно тело - macedone" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Длабоконебесно тело" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deepskyobject" title="Deepskyobject - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Deepskyobject" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_sky-objekt" title="Deep sky-objekt - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Deep sky-objekt" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Objeto_do_c%C3%A9u_profundo" title="Objeto do céu profundo - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Objeto do céu profundo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obiect_de_cer_profund" title="Obiect de cer profund - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Obiect de cer profund" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82_%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Объект глубокого космоса - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Объект глубокого космоса" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Objekti_dubokog_neba" title="Objekti dubokog neba - serbo-croato" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Objekti dubokog neba" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Objekt_hlbok%C3%A9ho_vesm%C3%ADru" title="Objekt hlbokého vesmíru - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Objekt hlbokého vesmíru" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Објекти дубоког неба - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Објекти дубоког неба" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep-sky-objekt" title="Deep-sky-objekt - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Deep-sky-objekt" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%27%D1%94%D0%BA%D1%82_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83" title="Об'єкт далекого космосу - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Об'єкт далекого космосу" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thi%C3%AAn_th%E1%BB%83_b%E1%BA%A7u_tr%E1%BB%9Di_s%C3%A2u" title="Thiên thể bầu trời sâu - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thiên thể bầu trời sâu" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B7%B1%E7%A9%BA%E5%A4%A9%E9%AB%94" title="深空天體 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="深空天體" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chhim-o%C3%A1n_thian-th%C3%A9" title="Chhim-oán thian-thé - min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chhim-oán thian-thé" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q249389#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica collegamenti interlinguistici" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica collegamenti</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespace"> 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/NGC_346_in_Small_magellanic_cloud.jpg/360px-NGC_346_in_Small_magellanic_cloud.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/NGC_346_in_Small_magellanic_cloud.jpg/480px-NGC_346_in_Small_magellanic_cloud.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6555" data-file-height="6995" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/NGC_346" title="NGC 346">NGC 346</a>, un ammasso aperto circondato da una nebulosa nella <a href="/wiki/Piccola_Nube_di_Magellano" title="Piccola Nube di Magellano">Piccola Nube di Magellano</a>. Gli oggetti del profondo cielo offrono la visuale migliore nelle fotografie.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Oggetto del cielo profondo</b> (o <b>oggetto non stellare</b>) è un termine usato spesso nell'<a href="/wiki/Astronomia_amatoriale" title="Astronomia amatoriale">astronomia amatoriale</a> per indicare oggetti del cielo notturno o <a href="/wiki/Oggetto_celeste" title="Oggetto celeste">oggetti celesti</a>, che non siano né <a href="/wiki/Stella" title="Stella">stelle</a> né oggetti del <a href="/wiki/Sistema_Solare" class="mw-redirect" title="Sistema Solare">Sistema Solare</a> (come <a href="/wiki/Pianeta" title="Pianeta">pianeti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cometa" title="Cometa">comete</a> e <a href="/wiki/Asteroide" title="Asteroide">asteroidi</a>). La grande maggioranza di questi oggetti non è visibile ad occhio nudo, e solo una minoranza abbastanza brillante può essere vista agevolmente con un piccolo <a href="/wiki/Telescopio" title="Telescopio">telescopio</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origini_e_classificazione">Origini e classificazione</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oggetto_del_profondo_cielo&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Origini e classificazione" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oggetto_del_profondo_cielo&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Origini e classificazione"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La classificazione degli oggetti astronomici non stellari cominciò subito dopo l'invenzione del telescopio.<sup id="cite_ref-books.google.com_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-books.google.com-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Una delle prime liste generali fu il <a href="/wiki/Catalogo_di_Messier" title="Catalogo di Messier">catalogo</a> pubblicato da <a href="/wiki/Charles_Messier" title="Charles Messier">Charles Messier</a> nel 1774, che includeva 103 <i>nebulae</i> e altri deboli e confusi oggetti minori che egli aveva incluso per evitare che fossero scambiati per comete, che era il suo campo di interesse.<sup id="cite_ref-books.google.com_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-books.google.com-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Il miglioramento dei telescopi portò ben presto alla necessità di meglio precisare queste deboli nebulosità con una descrizione più accurata in termini di <a href="/wiki/Nubi_interstellari" class="mw-redirect" title="Nubi interstellari">nubi interstellari</a>, ammassi e galassie. </p><p>La terminologia <i>oggetti del profondo cielo</i> è tuttavia più recente e connessa all'attività amatoriale. L'origine del nome non è nota, ma fu resa popolare dalla rivista <i><a href="/wiki/Sky_%26_Telescope" title="Sky & Telescope">Sky & Telescope</a></i>, nella sezione "Deep-Sky Wonders" (meraviglie del cielo profondo) fin dalla sua prima edizione nel 1941,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> e successivamente sempre mantenuta dato che era ormai entrata nel linguaggio amatoriale.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Suddivisione">Suddivisione</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oggetto_del_profondo_cielo&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Suddivisione" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oggetto_del_profondo_cielo&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Suddivisione"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CygnusOBmap.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/CygnusOBmap.png/290px-CygnusOBmap.png" decoding="async" width="290" height="232" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/CygnusOBmap.png/435px-CygnusOBmap.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/CygnusOBmap.png/580px-CygnusOBmap.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Mappa centrata sul complesso molecolare del Cigno, attorno alla stella <a href="/wiki/Sadr" title="Sadr">Sadr</a>, e riportante alcuni oggetti del profondo cielo.</figcaption></figure> <p>Gli oggetti del profondo cielo possono essere suddivisi in:<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ammassi_stellari" class="mw-redirect" title="Ammassi stellari">Ammassi stellari</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ammasso_aperto" title="Ammasso aperto">Ammasso aperto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ammasso_globulare" title="Ammasso globulare">Ammasso globulare</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebulose" class="mw-redirect" title="Nebulose">Nebulose</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nebulosa_a_emissione" title="Nebulosa a emissione">Nebulosa a emissione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebulosa_a_riflessione" title="Nebulosa a riflessione">Nebulosa a riflessione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebulosa_oscura" title="Nebulosa oscura">Nebulosa oscura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebulosa_planetaria" title="Nebulosa planetaria">Nebulosa planetaria</a></li></ul></li> <li>Oggetti extragalattici <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Galassia" title="Galassia">Galassie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quasar" title="Quasar">Quasar</a></li></ul></li> <li>Altri oggetti <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oggetti_di_Herbig-Haro" class="mw-redirect" title="Oggetti di Herbig-Haro">Oggetti di Herbig-Haro</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cataloghi">Cataloghi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oggetto_del_profondo_cielo&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Cataloghi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oggetto_del_profondo_cielo&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Cataloghi"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gli oggetti non stellari vengono descritti in diversi cataloghi, sia di tipo generale che più specifico. </p><p><b>Cataloghi generali</b> </p> <ul><li>Il principale è il <a href="/wiki/Catalogo_di_Messier" title="Catalogo di Messier">catalogo di Messier</a> (M), è un catalogo storico del 1774 che elenca 110 oggetti del profondo cielo, perlopiù i più brillanti e visibili dall'emisfero boreale, il solo allora accessibile da <a href="/wiki/Charles_Messier" title="Charles Messier">Charles Messier</a> dalla Francia. Gli oggetti catalogati sono riportati con la lettera M seguita da un numero.</li> <li>Il <a href="/wiki/New_General_Catalogue" title="New General Catalogue">New General Catalogue</a> (NGC), compilato verso la fine dell'Ottocento, è molto più completo e classifica oltre 7.800 oggetti.</li> <li>I due <a href="/wiki/Index_Catalogue" title="Index Catalogue">Index Catalogue</a> (IC), riportano in totale altri 5.000 oggetti in aggiunta a quelli elencati da NGC.</li> <li>Il <a href="/wiki/Catalogo_Caldwell" title="Catalogo Caldwell">Catalogo Caldwell</a> (C), conta ulteriori 109 oggetti celesti di varia natura, tra i più luminosi dell'emisfero australe (completa idealmente il catalogo stilato da Messier).</li></ul> <p><b>Cataloghi specifici</b> </p> <ul><li>Il <a href="/wiki/Catalogo_Collinder" title="Catalogo Collinder">Catalogo Collinder</a> (Cr), è il più noto per gli ammassi aperti e conta oltre 460 oggetti.</li> <li>L'<a href="/wiki/Uppsala_General_Catalogue" title="Uppsala General Catalogue">Uppsala General Catalogue</a> (UGC), conta quasi 13.000 galassie, visibili dall'emisfero boreale.</li> <li>L'<a href="/wiki/European_Southern_Observatory" class="mw-redirect" title="European Southern Observatory">European Southern Observatory</a> (ESO) cataloga un notevole numero di galassie e altri oggetti.</li></ul> <p>Ci sono inoltre altri cataloghi specifici che si occupano di altri oggetti, tra cui i quasar e le nebulose. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Osservazione_amatoriale">Osservazione amatoriale</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oggetto_del_profondo_cielo&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Osservazione amatoriale" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oggetto_del_profondo_cielo&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Osservazione amatoriale"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L'osservazione amatoriale degli oggetti del profondo cielo, a parte poche eccezioni, è piuttosto difficile: la loro luminosità è bassissima, il puntamento del telescopio deve essere estremamente preciso e va fatto quasi alla cieca. Spesso l'osservatore cerca per decine di minuti un oggetto per rendersi conto all'improvviso che era sempre stato nel campo del telescopio, ma era così debole da non vederlo. Le foto prese con grandi telescopi danno spesso false speranze ai principianti. L'osservazione visuale raramente riesce a cogliere tutti i dettagli, ed è invece necessario passare all'<a href="/wiki/Astrofotografia" title="Astrofotografia">astrofotografia</a>. </p><p>La cosiddetta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maratona_di_Messier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maratona di Messier (la pagina non esiste)">maratona di Messier</a> viene indetta in un certo periodo dell'anno, quando un osservatore cerca di osservare tutti i 110 oggetti in una sola notte. Il test <i>Herschel's 400</i> è molto più difficile (400 oggetti) e richiede telescopi di notevole dimensione. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oggetto_del_profondo_cielo&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oggetto_del_profondo_cielo&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-books.google.com-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-books.google.com_1-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="#cite_ref-books.google.com_1-1">b</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=t9HzRdUvHD8C&pg=PA174">Rocky Kolb, Blind watchers of the sky, page 174</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=3rgOAAAAIAAJ&q=%22deep+sky+wonders%22&dq=%22deep+sky+wonders%22&lr=&as_drrb_is=b&as_minm_is=1&as_miny_is=1900&as_maxm_is=1&as_maxy_is=1943&as_brr=0">Sky and telescope, Volumes 1-2</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=wcoRISdUnu4C&pg=RA1-PA13">Fred Schaaf, 40 nights to knowing the sky: a night-by-night skywatching primer, page 13</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=JMDiXFE39HQC&pg=PT10">W. H. Finlay, Concise catalog of deep-sky objects</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oggetto_del_profondo_cielo&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oggetto_del_profondo_cielo&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Burnham's Celestial Handbook</i> di <a href="/wiki/Robert_Burnham,_Jr." title="Robert Burnham, Jr.">Robert Burnham, Jr.</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=T8wO7M8QrmEC&printsec=frontcover">Volume One</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=wB9uZ9lH5bgC">Volume Two</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=PJzIt3SIlkUC&printsec=frontcover">Volume Three</a> su Google Books)</li> <li><i>Deep Sky Observer's Guide</i> di Neil Bone, Wil Tirion. Firefly Books, 2005. <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/1554070244" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1-55407-024-4</a>.</li> <li><i>The practical astronomer's deep-sky companion</i> di Jess K. Gilmour. Springer, 2003. <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/1852334746" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1-85233-474-6</a>.</li> <li><i>Concise Catalog of Deep-sky Objects: Astrophysical Information for 500 Galaxies, Clusters and Nebulae</i> di W. H. Finlay. London: Springer, 2003. <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/1852336919" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1-85233-691-9</a>. Includes the Messier objects, Herschel 400 & more</li> <li><i>Visual astronomy of the deep sky</i> di Roger Nelson Clark. CUP Archive, 1990. <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/0521361559" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-521-36155-9</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oggetto_del_profondo_cielo&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oggetto_del_profondo_cielo&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Astronomical photography"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Astronomical_photography?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Astronomical_photography?uselang=it">oggetto del profondo cielo</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oggetto_del_profondo_cielo&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oggetto_del_profondo_cielo&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080927064946/http://www.codas.it/home2/index.php?option=com_docman&task=cat_view&gid=18&Itemid=67"><span style="font-style:italic;">Gli oggetti del profondo cielo dal sito del CODAS</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">codas.it</span> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://www.codas.it/home2/index.php?option=com_docman&task=cat_view&gid=18&Itemid=67">url originale</abbr> il 27 settembre 2008)</small>.</cite></li></ul> <div class="noprint" style="width:100%; 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