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id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Obsah</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">presunúť do postranného panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skryť</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Začiatok</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Meranie_indexu_lomu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Meranie_indexu_lomu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Meranie indexu lomu</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Meranie_indexu_lomu-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Přepnout podsekci Meranie indexu lomu</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Meranie_indexu_lomu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Princíp_merania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Princíp_merania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Princíp merania</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Princíp_merania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Realizácia_stupnice" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Realizácia_stupnice"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Realizácia stupnice</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Realizácia_stupnice-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nadväznosť" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nadväznosť"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Nadväznosť</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nadväznosť-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kalibrácia_stupnice" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kalibrácia_stupnice"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Kalibrácia stupnice</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kalibrácia_stupnice-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prepnúť obsah" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prepnúť obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Index lomu</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Prejsť na článok v inom jazyku. Je dostupný v 69 jazykoch" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-69" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">69 jazykov</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brekingsindeks" title="Brekingsindeks – afrikánčina" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Brekingsindeks" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="معامل الانكسار – arabčina" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="معامل الانكسار" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Dndiz_de_refraici%C3%B3n" title="Índiz de refraición – astúrčina" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Índiz de refraición" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="astúrčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0%C5%9F%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1n_tam_daxili_qay%C4%B1tmas%C4%B1" title="İşığın tam daxili qayıtması – azerbajdžančina" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İşığın tam daxili qayıtması" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdžančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%87%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Паказчык праламлення – bieloruština" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Паказчык праламлення" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bieloruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%87%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Показател на пречупване – bulharčina" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Показател на пречупване" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulharčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95" title="প্রতিসরাঙ্ক – bengálčina" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্রতিসরাঙ্ক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengálčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indeks_prelamanja" title="Indeks prelamanja – bosniačtina" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Indeks prelamanja" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniačtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Dndex_de_refracci%C3%B3" title="Índex de refracció – katalánčina" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Índex de refracció" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_lomu" title="Index lomu – čeština" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Index lomu" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="čeština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%C3%A7%C4%83%D0%BB%D1%83_%D0%BA%C4%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%C4%83%D1%88%C4%95" title="Хуçăлу кăтартăшĕ – čuvaština" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Хуçăлу кăтартăшĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čuvaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mynegrif_plygiant" title="Mynegrif plygiant – waleština" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Mynegrif plygiant" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="waleština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brydningsindeks" title="Brydningsindeks – dánčina" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Brydningsindeks" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brechungsindex" title="Brechungsindex – nemčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Brechungsindex" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="nemčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%AC%CE%B8%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Δείκτης διάθλασης – gréčtina" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Δείκτης διάθλασης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gréčtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_index" title="Refractive index – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Refractive index" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refrakta_indico" title="Refrakta indico – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Refrakta indico" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Dndice_de_refracci%C3%B3n" title="Índice de refracción – španielčina" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Índice de refracción" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španielčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murdumisn%C3%A4itaja" title="Murdumisnäitaja – estónčina" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Murdumisnäitaja" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Errefrakzio-indize" title="Errefrakzio-indize – baskičtina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Errefrakzio-indize" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B6%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A8_%D8%B4%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="ضریب شکست – perzština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ضریب شکست" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taitekerroin" title="Taitekerroin – fínčina" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Taitekerroin" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fínčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indice_de_r%C3%A9fraction" title="Indice de réfraction – francúzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Indice de réfraction" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francúzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breegtaal" title="Breegtaal – severná frízština" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Breegtaal" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="severná frízština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comh%C3%A9ifeacht_athraonta" title="Comhéifeacht athraonta – írčina" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Comhéifeacht athraonta" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="írčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Dndice_de_refracci%C3%B3n" title="Índice de refracción – galícijčina" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Índice de refracción" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galícijčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%93%D7%9D_%D7%A9%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%94" title="מקדם שבירה – hebrejčina" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מקדם שבירה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95" title="अपवर्तनांक – hindčina" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अपवर्तनांक" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indeks_loma" title="Indeks loma – chorvátčina" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Indeks loma" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorvátčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B6r%C3%A9smutat%C3%B3" title="Törésmutató – maďarčina" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Törésmutató" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maďarčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%A5%D5%AF%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D6%81%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%B9" title="Բեկման ցուցիչ – arménčina" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բեկման ցուցիչ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indeks_bias" title="Indeks bias – indonézština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Indeks bias" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonézština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indice_di_rifrazione" title="Indice di rifrazione – taliančina" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Indice di rifrazione" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="taliančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B1%88%E6%8A%98%E7%8E%87" title="屈折率 – japončina" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="屈折率" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japončina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%83_%D0%BA%D3%A9%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%88%D1%96" title="Сыну көрсеткіші – kazaština" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Сыну көрсеткіші" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%AD%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%A8_%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%9A%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%95" title="ವಕ್ರೀಭವನ ಸೂಚ್ಯಂಕ – kannadčina" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ವಕ್ರೀಭವನ ಸೂಚ್ಯಂಕ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannadčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%B4%EC%A0%88%EB%A5%A0" title="굴절률 – kórejčina" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="굴절률" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="kórejčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C5%AB%C5%BEio_rodiklis" title="Lūžio rodiklis – litovčina" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Lūžio rodiklis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litovčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lau%C5%A1anas_koeficients" title="Laušanas koeficients – lotyština" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Laušanas koeficients" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lotyština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%88%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Показател на прекршување – macedónčina" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Показател на прекршување" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82" title="അപവർത്തനാങ്കം – malajálamčina" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അപവർത്തനാങ്കം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajálamčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B3%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%87" title="Хугалах илтгэгч – mongolčina" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хугалах илтгэгч" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95" title="अपवर्तनांक – maráthčina" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="अपवर्तनांक" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="maráthčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indeks_biasan" title="Indeks biasan – malajčina" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Indeks biasan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brekingsindex" title="Brekingsindex – holandčina" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Brekingsindex" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="holandčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brytingsindeks" title="Brytingsindeks – nórčina (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Brytingsindeks" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nórčina (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brytningsindeks" title="Brytningsindeks – nórčina (bokmal)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Brytningsindeks" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="nórčina (bokmal)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indici_de_refraccion" title="Indici de refraccion – okcitánčina" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Indici de refraccion" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okcitánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%95" title="ਅਪਵਰਤਨਾਂਕ – pandžábčina" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਅਪਵਰਤਨਾਂਕ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandžábčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wsp%C3%B3%C5%82czynnik_za%C5%82amania" title="Współczynnik załamania – poľština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Współczynnik załamania" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poľština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Dndice_refrativo" title="Índice refrativo – portugalčina" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Índice refrativo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indice_de_refrac%C8%9Bie" title="Indice de refracție – rumunčina" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Indice de refracție" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="najlepší článok"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Показатель преломления – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Показатель преломления" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_index" title="Refractive index – škótčina" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Refractive index" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="škótčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indeks_prelamanja" title="Indeks prelamanja – srbochorvátčina" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Indeks prelamanja" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srbochorvátčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lomni_koli%C4%8Dnik" title="Lomni količnik – slovinčina" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Lomni količnik" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B0" title="Индекс преламања – srbčina" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Индекс преламања" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breektaal" title="Breektaal – fríština (saterlandská)" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Breektaal" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="fríština (saterlandská)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brytningsindex" title="Brytningsindex – švédčina" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Brytningsindex" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%92%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D" title="ஒளிவிலகல் குறிப்பெண் – tamilčina" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஒளிவிலகல் குறிப்பெண்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AD%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%A8_%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A3%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%82" title="వక్రీభవన గుణకం – telugčina" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="వక్రీభవన గుణకం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB" title="ดรรชนีหักเห – thajčina" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ดรรชนีหักเห" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thajčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C4%B1r%C4%B1lma_indisi" title="Kırılma indisi – turečtina" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kırılma indisi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobrý článok"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Показник заломлення – ukrajinčina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Показник заломлення" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B9%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%81_%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7" title="انعطاف نما – urdčina" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="انعطاف نما" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chi%E1%BA%BFt_su%E1%BA%A5t" title="Chiết suất – vietnamčina" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chiết suất" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8A%98%E5%B0%84%E7%8E%87" title="折射率 – čínština (wu)" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="折射率" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="čínština (wu)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8A%98%E5%B0%84%E7%8E%87" title="折射率 – čínština" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="折射率" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="čínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8A%98%E5%B0%84%E7%8E%87" title="折射率 – kantončina" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="折射率" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantončina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">z Wikipédie, slobodnej encyklopédie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sk" dir="ltr"><p><b>Index lomu</b> je materiálová konštanta určujúca šírenie elektromagnetického vlnenia (napr. svetla) v danom prostredí. Rozlišuje sa: </p> <ul><li><b>absolútny index lomu</b> (t.j. <b>index lomu</b> v užšom zmysle) má značku n (alebo RI) a vzorec <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n=c/v}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>c</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mi>v</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n=c/v}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/38116b5eb6dd063ea2413f0ca75d5b02a4035fac" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:7.79ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n=c/v}"></span>, kde <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle c}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>c</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle c}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/86a67b81c2de995bd608d5b2df50cd8cd7d92455" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.007ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle c}"></span> je <a href="/wiki/R%C3%BDchlos%C5%A5_svetla_vo_v%C3%A1kuu" title="Rýchlosť svetla vo vákuu">rýchlosť svetla vo vákuu</a> a <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle v}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>v</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle v}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e07b00e7fc0847fbd16391c778d65bc25c452597" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.128ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle v}"></span> <a href="/wiki/R%C3%BDchlos%C5%A5_svetla_v_prostred%C3%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="Rýchlosť svetla v prostredí">rýchlosť svetla v prostredí</a> (závisí od frekvencie a od prostredia)</li> <li><b>relatívny index lomu</b> má značku n<sub>12</sub> a vzorec n<sub>12</sub>=n<sub>1</sub>/n<sub>2</sub> = 1/n<sub>21</sub>, kde 1 znamená prostredie č. 1 a 2 znamená prostredie č. 2</li></ul> <p>Index lomu je <a href="/wiki/Bezrozmern%C3%A1_veli%C4%8Dina" title="Bezrozmerná veličina">bezrozmerná veličina</a>. </p><p>Vo vákuu je n=1, v ostatných prostrediach je v klasickej mechanike vždy n > 1 {napr. index lomu vody je 1,33, <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%ADrouhl%C3%ADk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sírouhlík (stránka neexistuje)">sírouhlíka</a> 1,63). Index lomu závisí od frekvencie daného svetla (elektromagnetického vlnenia) - pozri aj <a href="/wiki/Disperzia" class="mw-disambig" title="Disperzia">disperzia</a>. </p><p>V tejto súvislosti sa zavádza aj pojem <a href="/w/index.php?title=Optick%C3%A1_hustota&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Optická hustota (stránka neexistuje)">optická hustota</a> definovaný tak, že prostredie x je opticky hustejšie ako prostredie y, ak n prostredia x > n prostredia y. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Meranie_indexu_lomu">Meranie indexu lomu</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Index_lomu&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Upraviť sekciu: Meranie indexu lomu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Index_lomu&action=edit&section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Meranie indexu lomu"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Princíp_merania"><span id="Princ.C3.ADp_merania"></span>Princíp merania</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Index_lomu&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Upraviť sekciu: Princíp merania" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Index_lomu&action=edit&section=2" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Princíp merania"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pre meranie indexu lomu sa najčastejšie využíva <a href="/wiki/Snellov_z%C3%A1kon" title="Snellov zákon">Snellov zákon</a> lomu, podľa ktorého index lomu druhého prostredia voči prvému sa vyjadruje podielom sinusu uhla dopadu na rozhranie týchto prostredí k sinusu uhla lomu v druhom prostredí pri prechode svetla z jedného prostredia do druhého: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Realizácia_stupnice"><span id="Realiz.C3.A1cia_stupnice"></span>Realizácia stupnice</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Index_lomu&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Upraviť sekciu: Realizácia stupnice" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Index_lomu&action=edit&section=3" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Realizácia stupnice"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Stupnica" class="mw-disambig" title="Stupnica">Stupnica</a> indexu lomu sa realizuje prostredníctvom hranolov z optického skla a kvapalných referenčných materiálov, ktorých geometria, vlastnosti materiálu a časová stabilita sú uvedené v TPM 7352-94. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nadväznosť"><span id="Nadv.C3.A4znos.C5.A5"></span>Nadväznosť</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Index_lomu&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Upraviť sekciu: Nadväznosť" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Index_lomu&action=edit&section=4" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Nadväznosť"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>SMÚ vlastní dve sady hranolov a sadu kvapalných referenčných materiálov. </p><p>Sada hranolov – deväť pracovných etalónov primárneho etalonážneho rádu - je nadviazaná na Slovenský národný etalón. Hodnoty ich indexu lomu sú v rozsahu od 1,46 do 1,84. Sú zmerané pre dve vlnové dĺžky ?D a ?e s kombinovanou štandardnou neistotou uc = 4 . 10-6. </p><p>Sada hranolov – šesť pracovných etalónov 2. rádu - je nadviazaná na pracovný etalón 1. rádu. Hodnoty ich indexu lomu sú v rozsahu od 1,43 do 1,71. Sú zmerané pre dve vlnové dĺžky ?D a ?e s kombinovanou štandardnou neistotou uc = 1,3 . 10-5. </p><p>Sada kvapalných referenčných materiálov ( RM ) – štyri certifikované Slovenské RM – pracovné etalóny 2. rádu je nadviazaná na pracovný etalón 1. rádu. Hodnoty ich indexu lomu sú v rozsahu od 1,39 do 1,66. Sú zmerané pre vlnovú dĺžku ?D s kombinovanou štandardnou neistotou uc = 1,5 . 10-5. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kalibrácia_stupnice"><span id="Kalibr.C3.A1cia_stupnice"></span>Kalibrácia stupnice</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Index_lomu&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Upraviť sekciu: Kalibrácia stupnice" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Index_lomu&action=edit&section=5" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Kalibrácia stupnice"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Kalibr%C3%A1cia" title="Kalibrácia">Kalibrácia</a> sady pracovných etalónov primárneho etalonážneho rádu sa vykonáva meraním ich indexu lomu spektrogoniometrickou metódou minimálnej deviácie na goniometri Askania. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalibr%C3%A1cia_stupnice&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalibrácia stupnice (stránka neexistuje)">Kalibrácia stupnice</a> pracovného etalónu 1. rádu - Pulfrichovho refraktometra s V-blokom - sa vykonáva metódou odchýlky svetelného lúča pri prechode troma hranolmi porovnaním hodnoty použitého pracovného etalónu primárneho etalonážneho rádu a hodnoty nameranej kalibrovaným refraktometrom. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalibr%C3%A1cia_pracovn%C3%BDch_etal%C3%B3nov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalibrácia pracovných etalónov (stránka neexistuje)">Kalibrácia pracovných etalónov</a> 2. rádu sa vykonáva na pracovnom etalóne 1. rádu meraním ich indexu lomu metódou odchýlky svetelného lúča pri prechode troma hranolmi. </p><p>Kalibrácia stupnice pracovných meradiel – <a href="/w/index.php?title=Refraktometrov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Refraktometrov (stránka neexistuje)">refraktometrov</a> – sa vykonáva metódou hraničného uhla porovnaním hodnoty použitého pracovného etalónu príslušného rádu a hodnoty nameranej kalibrovaným meradlom. </p> <div style="border: solid #aaa 1px; 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