CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>David Cronenberg - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"0ad07148-f3f2-4bdd-bfd1-5f60113db4e6","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"David_Cronenberg","wgTitle":"David Cronenberg","wgCurRevisionId":1257638381,"wgRevisionId":1257638381,"wgArticleId":7892,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Use mdy dates from October 2019","Articles with hCards","CS1 German-language sources (de)","1943 births","Living people","20th-century Canadian male actors","21st-century Canadian male actors","20th-century Canadian male writers","21st-century Canadian male writers","20th-century Canadian screenwriters","21st-century Canadian screenwriters","Advertising directors", "Best Director Genie and Canadian Screen Award winners","Best Screenplay Genie and Canadian Screen Award winners","Canadian atheists","Canadian experimental filmmakers","Canadian male film actors","Canadian male screenwriters","Canadian male television actors","Canadian male voice actors","Canadian people of American descent","Canadian people of Lithuanian-Jewish descent","Canadian surrealist artists","Canadian critics of religions","Companions of the Order of Canada","English-language film directors","Film directors from Toronto","Canadian horror film directors","Jewish atheists","Jewish film people","Jewish Canadian male actors","Male actors from Toronto","Members of the Order of Ontario","Postmodernist filmmakers","Canadian recipients of the Legion of Honour","Science fiction film directors","University of Toronto alumni","Screenwriters from Toronto","Producers of Best Picture Genie and Canadian Screen Award winners","Governor General's Award winners", "Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement recipients"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"David_Cronenberg","wgRelevantArticleId":7892,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":60000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true, "wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q55422","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.tablesorter.styles":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media", "ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.tablesorter","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cjquery.tablesorter.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/David_Cronenberg_2012-03-08.jpg/1200px-David_Cronenberg_2012-03-08.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1600"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/David_Cronenberg_2012-03-08.jpg/800px-David_Cronenberg_2012-03-08.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1067"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/David_Cronenberg_2012-03-08.jpg/640px-David_Cronenberg_2012-03-08.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="853"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="David Cronenberg - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cronenberg"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=David_Cronenberg&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cronenberg"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-David_Cronenberg rootpage-David_Cronenberg skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=David+Cronenberg" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=David+Cronenberg" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=David+Cronenberg" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=David+Cronenberg" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Early_life_and_education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_life_and_education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Early life and education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_life_and_education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Career</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Career-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Career subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1969–1979:_Film_debut_and_early_work" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1969–1979:_Film_debut_and_early_work"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>1969–1979: Film debut and early work</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1969–1979:_Film_debut_and_early_work-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1981–1988:_Breakthrough_and_acclaim" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1981–1988:_Breakthrough_and_acclaim"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>1981–1988: Breakthrough and acclaim</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1981–1988:_Breakthrough_and_acclaim-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1991–2002:_Career_fluctuations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1991–2002:_Career_fluctuations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>1991–2002: Career fluctuations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1991–2002:_Career_fluctuations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2005–present:_Resurgence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2005–present:_Resurgence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>2005–present: Resurgence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2005–present:_Resurgence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unrealized_projects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unrealized_projects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Unrealized projects</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unrealized_projects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Personal life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Filmography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Filmography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Filmography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Filmography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awards_and_recognition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards_and_recognition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Awards and recognition</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Awards_and_recognition-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Awards and recognition subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Awards_and_recognition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-British_Academy_Film_Awards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#British_Academy_Film_Awards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>British Academy Film Awards</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-British_Academy_Film_Awards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Berlin_International_Film_Festival" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Berlin_International_Film_Festival"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Berlin International Film Festival</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Berlin_International_Film_Festival-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cannes_Film_Festival" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cannes_Film_Festival"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Cannes Film Festival</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cannes_Film_Festival-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Academy_of_Canadian_Cinema_and_Television" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Academy_of_Canadian_Cinema_and_Television"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Academy_of_Canadian_Cinema_and_Television-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Saturn_Awards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Saturn_Awards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5</span> <span>Saturn Awards</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Saturn_Awards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">David Cronenberg</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 55 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-55" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">55 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="David Cronenberg" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%81%D8%AF_%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%BA" title="ديفد كروننبرغ – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ديفد كروننبرغ" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="David Cronenberg" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="David Cronenberg" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%82" title="دیوید کراننبرق – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="دیوید کراننبرق" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97" title="ডেভিড ক্রোনেনবার্গ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ডেভিড ক্রোনেনবার্গ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Дэвід Кроненберг – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Дэвід Кроненберг" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8A%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Дейвид Кронънбърг – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Дейвид Кронънбърг" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="David Cronenberg" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="David Cronenberg" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="David Cronenberg" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%8A%DA%A4%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%B1%DD%A3" title="دايڤيد كراننبرݣ – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="دايڤيد كراننبرݣ" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="David Cronenberg" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CF%84%CE%AD%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%BD%CF%84_%CE%9A%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%BA" title="Ντέιβιντ Κρόνενμπεργκ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ντέιβιντ Κρόνενμπεργκ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="David Cronenberg" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="David Cronenberg" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="David Cronenberg" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%B1%DA%AF" title="دیوید کراننبرگ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دیوید کراننبرگ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="David Cronenberg" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="David Cronenberg" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%EB%B9%84%EB%93%9C_%ED%81%AC%EB%A1%9C%EB%84%8C%EB%B2%84%EA%B7%B8" title="데이비드 크로넌버그 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="데이비드 크로넌버그" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B4%D5%A5%D5%B5%D5%BE%D5%AB%D5%A4_%D5%94%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A2%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A3" title="Դեյվիդ Քրոնենբերգ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Դեյվիդ Քրոնենբերգ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97" title="डेविड क्रोनेनबर्ग – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="डेविड क्रोनेनबर्ग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="David Cronenberg" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="David Cronenberg" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="David Cronenberg" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%99%D7%99%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%93_%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%A0%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%92" title="דייוויד קרוננברג – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="דייוויד קרוננברג" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%93_%E1%83%99%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%98" title="დეივიდ კრონენბერგი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="დეივიდ კრონენბერგი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Дэвид Кроненберг – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Дэвид Кроненберг" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="David Cronenberg" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deivids_Kronenbergs" title="Deivids Kronenbergs – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Deivids Kronenbergs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="David Cronenberg" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="David Cronenberg" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="David Cronenberg" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%8A%DA%A4%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%AC" title="ديڤيد كرونينبيرج – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ديڤيد كرونينبيرج" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="David Cronenberg" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%87%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A3%E3%83%83%E3%83%89%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8D%E3%83%B3%E3%83%90%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B0" title="デヴィッド・クローネンバーグ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="デヴィッド・クローネンバーグ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="David Cronenberg" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="David Cronenberg" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="David Cronenberg" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="David Cronenberg" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="David Cronenberg" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="David Cronenberg" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3,_%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Кроненберг, Дэвид – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кроненберг, Дэвид" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="David Cronenberg" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%98%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Дејвид Кроненберг – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Дејвид Кроненберг" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="David Cronenberg" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="David Cronenberg" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="David Cronenberg" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%94_%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%81" title="เดวิด โครเนนเบิร์ก – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เดวิด โครเนนเบิร์ก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Давид Кроненберг – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Давид Кроненберг" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="David Cronenberg – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="David Cronenberg" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3" title="Девід Кроненберг – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Девід Кроненберг" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%A1%9B%E5%93%A5%E9%80%A3%E5%A0%A1" title="大衛哥連堡 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="大衛哥連堡" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%A1%9B%C2%B7%E6%9F%AF%E8%83%BD%E5%A0%A1" title="大衛·柯能堡 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="大衛·柯能堡" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q55422#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/David_Cronenberg" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:David_Cronenberg" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/David_Cronenberg"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Cronenberg&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Cronenberg&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/David_Cronenberg"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Cronenberg&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Cronenberg&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/David_Cronenberg" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/David_Cronenberg" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Cronenberg&oldid=1257638381" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Cronenberg&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=David_Cronenberg&id=1257638381&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FDavid_Cronenberg"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FDavid_Cronenberg"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=David_Cronenberg&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Cronenberg&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:David_Cronenberg" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/David_Cronenberg" hreflang="en"><span>Wikiquote</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q55422" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Canadian filmmaker and film director (born 1943)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">David Cronenberg</div><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;"><span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Canada" title="Order of Canada">CC</a></span> <span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Ontario" title="Order of Ontario">OOnt</a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:David_Cronenberg_2012-03-08.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/David_Cronenberg_2012-03-08.jpg/220px-David_Cronenberg_2012-03-08.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/David_Cronenberg_2012-03-08.jpg/330px-David_Cronenberg_2012-03-08.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/David_Cronenberg_2012-03-08.jpg/440px-David_Cronenberg_2012-03-08.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2880" data-file-height="3840" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Cronenberg in 2012</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">David Paul Cronenberg</div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1943-03-15</span>) </span>March 15, 1943<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 81)</span><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a>, Canada</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">The Baron of Blood<br />King of Venereal Horror</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto" title="University of Toronto">University of Toronto</a> (BA)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupations</th><td class="infobox-data role"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Film director</li><li>screenwriter</li><li>producer</li><li>actor</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years active</th><td class="infobox-data">1966–present</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouses</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Margaret Hindson<br /></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1972; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 1979)<wbr /></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Carolyn Zeifman<br /></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1979; died 2017)<wbr /></div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">3, including <a href="/wiki/Brandon_Cronenberg" title="Brandon Cronenberg">Brandon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Caitlin_Cronenberg" title="Caitlin Cronenberg">Caitlin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Denise_Cronenberg" title="Denise Cronenberg">Denise Cronenberg</a> (sister)<br /><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Woodley" title="Aaron Woodley">Aaron Woodley</a> (nephew)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>David Paul Cronenberg</b> <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Canada" title="Order of Canada">CC</a></span> <span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Ontario" title="Order of Ontario">OOnt</a></span></span> (born March 15, 1943) is a Canadian film director, screenwriter, producer and actor.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECronenberg19921_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECronenberg19921-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is a principal originator of the <a href="/wiki/Body_horror" title="Body horror">body horror</a> genre, with his films exploring visceral bodily transformation, infectious diseases, and the intertwining of the psychological, physical, and technological. Cronenberg is best known for exploring these themes through <a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_film" title="Science fiction film">sci-fi</a> <a href="/wiki/Horror_film" title="Horror film">horror</a> films such as <i><a href="/wiki/Shivers_(1975_film)" title="Shivers (1975 film)">Shivers</a></i> (1975), <i><a href="/wiki/Scanners" title="Scanners">Scanners</a></i> (1981), <i><a href="/wiki/Videodrome" title="Videodrome">Videodrome</a></i> (1983) and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Fly_(1986_film)" title="The Fly (1986 film)">The Fly</a></i> (1986), though he has also directed <a href="/wiki/Drama_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Drama film">dramas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Psychological_thriller" title="Psychological thriller">psychological thrillers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gangster_film" title="Gangster film">gangster films</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cronenberg's films have polarized critics and audiences alike; he has earned critical acclaim and has sparked controversy for his depictions of gore and violence.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Village_Voice" title="The Village Voice">The Village Voice</a></i> called him "the most audacious and challenging narrative director in the English-speaking world".<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His films have won numerous awards, including the <a href="/wiki/Jury_Prize_(Cannes_Film_Festival)" title="Jury Prize (Cannes Film Festival)">Special Jury Prize</a> for <i><a href="/wiki/Crash_(1996_film)" title="Crash (1996 film)">Crash</a></i> at the <a href="/wiki/1996_Cannes_Film_Festival" title="1996 Cannes Film Festival">1996 Cannes Film Festival</a>, a unique award that is distinct from the Jury Prize as it is not given annually, but only at the request of the official jury, who in this case gave the award "for originality, for daring, and for audacity".<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From the <a href="/wiki/2000s_in_film" title="2000s in film">2000s</a> to the <a href="/wiki/2020s_in_film" title="2020s in film">2020s</a>, Cronenberg collaborated on several films with <a href="/wiki/Viggo_Mortensen" title="Viggo Mortensen">Viggo Mortensen</a>, including <i><a href="/wiki/A_History_of_Violence" title="A History of Violence">A History of Violence</a></i> (2005), <i><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Promises" title="Eastern Promises">Eastern Promises</a></i> (2007), <i><a href="/wiki/A_Dangerous_Method" title="A Dangerous Method">A Dangerous Method</a></i> (2011) and <i><a href="/wiki/Crimes_of_the_Future_(2022_film)" title="Crimes of the Future (2022 film)">Crimes of the Future</a></i> (2022). Seven of his films were selected to compete for the <a href="/wiki/Palme_d%27Or" title="Palme d'Or">Palme d'Or</a>, the most recent being <i><a href="/wiki/The_Shrouds" title="The Shrouds">The Shrouds</a></i> (2024), which was screened at the <a href="/wiki/2024_Cannes_Film_Festival" title="2024 Cannes Film Festival">2024 Cannes Film Festival</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Cronenberg&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>David Cronenberg was born in <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a>, on March 15, 1943.<sup id="cite_ref-fullbio_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fullbio-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cronenberg is the son of Esther (<span title="Name at birth"><a href="/wiki/Birth_name#Maiden_and_married_names" title="Birth name">née</a></span> Sumberg), a musician, and Milton Cronenberg, a writer and editor.<sup id="cite_ref-filmr_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-filmr-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was raised in a "middle-class progressive <a href="/wiki/Jewish" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish">Jewish</a> family".<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His father was born in <a href="/wiki/Baltimore,_Maryland" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltimore, Maryland">Baltimore, Maryland</a>, and his mother was born in Toronto; all of his grandparents were <a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Jews" class="mw-redirect" title="Lithuanian Jews">Jews from Lithuania</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Milton wrote some short stories for <i><a href="/wiki/True_Detective_(magazine)" title="True Detective (magazine)">True Detective</a></i> and had a column in the <i><a href="/wiki/Toronto_Telegram" title="Toronto Telegram">Toronto Telegram</a></i> for around thirty years.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERodley19972_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERodley19972-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Cronenberg household was full of a wide variety of books, and Cronenberg's father tried to introduce his son to <a href="/wiki/Art_films" class="mw-redirect" title="Art films">art films</a> such as <i><a href="/wiki/The_Seventh_Seal" title="The Seventh Seal">The Seventh Seal</a></i>, although at the time Cronenberg was more interested in <a href="/wiki/Western_film" title="Western film">western</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pirate_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Pirate film">pirate</a> films, showing a particular affinity for those featuring <a href="/wiki/Burt_Lancaster" title="Burt Lancaster">Burt Lancaster</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nymag.com_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nymag.com-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A voracious reader from an early age, Cronenberg started off enjoying <a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_magazines" class="mw-redirect" title="Science fiction magazines">science fiction magazines</a> like <i><a href="/wiki/The_Magazine_of_Fantasy_%26_Science_Fiction" title="The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction">The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_(magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Galaxy (magazine)">Galaxy</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Astounding" class="mw-redirect" title="Astounding">Astounding</a></i>, where he first encountered authors who would prove influential on his own work, including <a href="/wiki/Ray_Bradbury" title="Ray Bradbury">Ray Bradbury</a> and <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Asimov" title="Isaac Asimov">Isaac Asimov</a>, although he wouldn't encounter his primary influence, <a href="/wiki/Philip_K._Dick" title="Philip K. Dick">Philip K. Dick</a>, until much later. Cronenberg also read <a href="/wiki/Comic_books" class="mw-redirect" title="Comic books">comic books</a>, noting his favorites were <i><a href="/wiki/Tarzan_(comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tarzan (comics)">Tarzan</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Little_Lulu" title="Little Lulu">Little Lulu</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Uncle_Scrooge" title="Uncle Scrooge">Uncle Scrooge</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Blackhawk_(DC_Comics)" title="Blackhawk (DC Comics)">Blackhawk</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Plastic_Man" title="Plastic Man">Plastic Man</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Superman" title="Superman">Superman</a></i>, and the original <a href="/wiki/Fawcett_Comics" title="Fawcett Comics">Fawcett Comics</a> version of <i><a href="/wiki/Captain_Marvel_(DC_comics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Captain Marvel (DC comics)">Captain Marvel</a></i>, later known as <i>Shazam</i>. Although as an adult, Cronenberg feels <a href="/wiki/Superhero_films" class="mw-redirect" title="Superhero films">superhero films</a> are artistically limited, he maintains a fondness for <i>Captain Marvel</i>/<i>Shazam</i>, criticizing how he feels the character had been neglected.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cronenberg also read <a href="/wiki/Horror_comics" title="Horror comics">horror comics</a> published by <a href="/wiki/EC_Comics" title="EC Comics">EC</a>, which in contrast to the others, he described as "scary and bizarre and violent and nasty—the ones your mother didn't want you to have."<sup id="cite_ref-nymag.com_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nymag.com-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Early films that later proved influential on Cronenberg's career include <a href="/wiki/Experimental_film" title="Experimental film">avant-garde</a>, <a href="/wiki/Horror_film" title="Horror film">horror</a>, <a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_film" title="Science fiction film">science fiction</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Thriller_film" title="Thriller film">thriller</a> films, such as <i><a href="/wiki/Un_Chien_Andalou" title="Un Chien Andalou">Un Chien Andalou</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Vampyr" title="Vampyr">Vampyr</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_War_of_the_Worlds_(1953_film)" title="The War of the Worlds (1953 film)">War of the Worlds</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Freaks_(1932_film)" title="Freaks (1932 film)">Freaks</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Creature_from_the_Black_Lagoon" title="Creature from the Black Lagoon">Creature from the Black Lagoon</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Alphaville_(film)" title="Alphaville (film)">Alphaville</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Performance_(film)" title="Performance (film)">Performance</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Duel_(1971_film)" title="Duel (1971 film)">Duel</a></i>. However, Cronenberg has also cited less obvious films as influences, including comedies like <i><a href="/wiki/The_Bed_Sitting_Room_(film)" title="The Bed Sitting Room (film)">The Bed Sitting Room</a></i>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Disney_cartoons" class="mw-redirect" title="Disney cartoons">Disney cartoons</a> such as <i><a href="/wiki/Bambi" title="Bambi">Bambi</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Dumbo" title="Dumbo">Dumbo</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-indiewire.com_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-indiewire.com-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cronenberg said he found these two Disney animated films, as well as <a href="/wiki/Universal_Pictures" title="Universal Pictures">Universal's</a> live-action <i><a href="/wiki/The_Blue_Lagoon_(1949_film)" title="The Blue Lagoon (1949 film)">Blue Lagoon</a></i>, "terrifying" which influenced his approach to horror.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cronenberg went on to say that <i>Bambi</i> was the "first important film" he ever saw, citing the moment when Bambi's mother died as particularly powerful.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cronenberg even wished to screen <i>Bambi</i> as part of a museum exhibition of his influences, but Disney refused him permission.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In terms of conventional horror films that frightened him, Cronenberg cited <i><a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Look_Now" title="Don't Look Now">Don't Look Now</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-indiewire.com_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-indiewire.com-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cronenberg attended Dewson Street Public School, Kent Senior School, <a href="/wiki/Harbord_Collegiate_Institute" title="Harbord Collegiate Institute">Harbord Collegiate Institute</a> and <a href="/wiki/North_Toronto_Collegiate_Institute" title="North Toronto Collegiate Institute">North Toronto Collegiate Institute</a>. He enrolled at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto" title="University of Toronto">University of Toronto</a> for Honours Science in 1963, but changed to Honours English Language and Literature the next year. He graduated from university in 1967, at the top of his class with a general Bachelor of Arts.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERodley19971–2_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERodley19971–2-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-fullbio_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fullbio-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cronenberg decided to not study for a master of arts after making <i><a href="/wiki/Stereo_(1969_film)" title="Stereo (1969 film)">Stereo</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERodley199717_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERodley199717-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cronenberg's fascination with the film <i><a href="/wiki/Winter_Kept_Us_Warm" title="Winter Kept Us Warm">Winter Kept Us Warm</a></i> (1966), by classmate <a href="/wiki/David_Secter" title="David Secter">David Secter</a>, sparked his interest in film. He began frequenting film camera rental houses and learned the art of filmmaking.<sup id="cite_ref-fullbio_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fullbio-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cronenberg made two short films, <i><a href="/wiki/Transfer_(1966_film)" title="Transfer (1966 film)">Transfer</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/From_the_Drain" title="From the Drain">From the Drain</a></i>, with a few hundred dollars.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERodley199713_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERodley199713-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cronenberg, <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Reitman" title="Ivan Reitman">Ivan Reitman</a>, Bob Fothergill, and Iain Ewing were inspired by <a href="/wiki/Jonas_Mekas" title="Jonas Mekas">Jonas Mekas</a> and formed the Toronto Film Co-op.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERodley199715_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERodley199715-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Cronenberg&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1969–1979:_Film_debut_and_early_work"><span id="1969.E2.80.931979:_Film_debut_and_early_work"></span>1969–1979: Film debut and early work</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Cronenberg&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1969–1979: Film debut and early work"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After two short sketch films and two short <a href="/wiki/Art-house" class="mw-redirect" title="Art-house">art-house</a> features (the <a href="/wiki/Black-and-white" title="Black-and-white">black-and-white</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Stereo_(1969_film)" title="Stereo (1969 film)">Stereo</a></i> and the colour <i><a href="/wiki/Crimes_of_the_Future_(1970_film)" title="Crimes of the Future (1970 film)">Crimes of the Future</a></i>) Cronenberg went into partnership with <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Reitman" title="Ivan Reitman">Ivan Reitman</a>. The Canadian government provided financing for his films throughout the 1970s.<sup id="cite_ref-fullbio_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fullbio-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this period, he focused on his signature "<a href="/wiki/Body_horror" title="Body horror">body horror</a>" films such as <i><a href="/wiki/Shivers_(1975_film)" title="Shivers (1975 film)">Shivers</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Rabid_(1977_film)" title="Rabid (1977 film)">Rabid</a></i>, the latter of which provided pornographic actress <a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Chambers" title="Marilyn Chambers">Marilyn Chambers</a> with work in a different genre, although Cronenberg's first choice for the role had been a then little-known <a href="/wiki/Sissy_Spacek" title="Sissy Spacek">Sissy Spacek</a>. <i>Rabid</i> was a breakthrough with international distributors, and his next two horror features, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Brood_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Brood (film)">The Brood</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Scanners_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Scanners (film)">Scanners</a></i>, gained stronger support. Even at this stage however, Cronenberg showed variety, by making <i><a href="/wiki/Fast_Company_(1979_film)" title="Fast Company (1979 film)">Fast Company</a></i> between <i>The Brood</i> and <i>Rabid</i>, a project reflecting his interest in car racing and bike gangs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1981–1988:_Breakthrough_and_acclaim"><span id="1981.E2.80.931988:_Breakthrough_and_acclaim"></span>1981–1988: Breakthrough and acclaim</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Cronenberg&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1981–1988: Breakthrough and acclaim"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1981, Cronenberg directed the <a href="/wiki/Science-fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Science-fiction">science-fiction</a> <a href="/wiki/Horror_film" title="Horror film">horror film</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Scanners" title="Scanners">Scanners</a></i> (1981). In the film, "scanners" are <a href="/wiki/Psychic" title="Psychic">psychics</a> with unusual <a href="/wiki/Telepathy" title="Telepathy">telepathic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Psychokinesis" class="mw-redirect" title="Psychokinesis">telekinetic</a> powers. The film has since become a <a href="/wiki/Cult_classic" class="mw-redirect" title="Cult classic">cult classic</a>. In 1983 he directed another science-fiction horror film <i><a href="/wiki/Videodrome" title="Videodrome">Videodrome</a></i> starring <a href="/wiki/James_Woods" title="James Woods">James Woods</a>. The film was distributed by <a href="/wiki/Universal_Pictures" title="Universal Pictures">Universal Pictures</a>. <a href="/wiki/Janet_Maslin" title="Janet Maslin">Janet Maslin</a> of <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i> remarked on the film's "innovativeness", and praised Woods' performance as having a "sharply authentic edge".<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That same year he directed <i><a href="/wiki/The_Dead_Zone_(film)" title="The Dead Zone (film)">The Dead Zone</a></i> (1983) starring <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Walken" title="Christopher Walken">Christopher Walken</a>. </p><p>Cronenberg directed <i><a href="/wiki/The_Fly_(1986_film)" title="The Fly (1986 film)">The Fly</a></i> (1986) starring <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Goldblum" title="Jeff Goldblum">Jeff Goldblum</a> and <a href="/wiki/Geena_Davis" title="Geena Davis">Geena Davis</a>. The film is loosely based on <a href="/wiki/George_Langelaan" title="George Langelaan">George Langelaan</a>'s 1957 <a href="/wiki/The_Fly_(Langelaan)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Fly (Langelaan)">short story of the same name</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Fly_(1958_film)" title="The Fly (1958 film)">the 1958 film of the same name</a>. It was distributed by <a href="/wiki/20th_Century_Fox" class="mw-redirect" title="20th Century Fox">20th Century Fox</a> and was a box office hit making $60 million. Cronenberg has not generally worked within the world of big-budget, mainstream Hollywood filmmaking, although he has had occasional near misses. At one stage he was considered by <a href="/wiki/George_Lucas" title="George Lucas">George Lucas</a> as a possible director for <i><a href="/wiki/Return_of_the_Jedi" title="Return of the Jedi">Return of the Jedi</a></i> (1983) but turned down the offer. Since <i>Dead Ringers</i> (1988), Cronenberg has worked with cinematographer <a href="/wiki/Peter_Suschitzky" title="Peter Suschitzky">Peter Suschitzky</a> on each of his films (see <a href="/wiki/List_of_film_director_and_cinematographer_collaborations" title="List of film director and cinematographer collaborations">List of film director and cinematographer collaborations</a>). Suschitzky was the director of photography for <i><a href="/wiki/The_Empire_Strikes_Back" title="The Empire Strikes Back">The Empire Strikes Back</a></i> (1980), and Cronenberg remarked that Suschitzky's work in that film "was the only one of those movies that actually looked good",<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which was a motivating factor to work with him on <i>Dead Ringers</i>. </p><p>Cronenberg has collaborated with composer <a href="/wiki/Howard_Shore" title="Howard Shore">Howard Shore</a> on all of his films since <i><a href="/wiki/The_Brood" title="The Brood">The Brood</a></i> (1979), (see <a href="/wiki/List_of_film_director_and_composer_collaborations" class="mw-redirect" title="List of film director and composer collaborations">List of film director and composer collaborations</a>) with the exception of <i>The Dead Zone</i> (1983), which was scored by <a href="/wiki/Michael_Kamen" title="Michael Kamen">Michael Kamen</a>. Other regular collaborators include actor Robert Silverman, <a href="/wiki/Art_director" title="Art director">art director</a> <a href="/wiki/Carol_Spier" title="Carol Spier">Carol Spier</a> (also his sister) <a href="/wiki/Sound_editor_(filmmaking)" title="Sound editor (filmmaking)">sound editor</a> Bryan Day, film editor Ronald Sanders, his sister, <a href="/wiki/Costume_designer" title="Costume designer">costume designer</a> <a href="/wiki/Denise_Cronenberg" title="Denise Cronenberg">Denise Cronenberg</a>, and, from 1979 until 1988, <a href="/wiki/Cinematographer" title="Cinematographer">cinematographer</a> Mark Irwin. In 2008, Cronenberg directed Howard Shore's first opera, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Fly_(opera)" title="The Fly (opera)">The Fly</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1991–2002:_Career_fluctuations"><span id="1991.E2.80.932002:_Career_fluctuations"></span>1991–2002: Career fluctuations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Cronenberg&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 1991–2002: Career fluctuations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:David_Cronenberg(CannesPhotoCall)-.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/David_Cronenberg%28CannesPhotoCall%29-.jpg/170px-David_Cronenberg%28CannesPhotoCall%29-.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="258" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/David_Cronenberg%28CannesPhotoCall%29-.jpg/255px-David_Cronenberg%28CannesPhotoCall%29-.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/David_Cronenberg%28CannesPhotoCall%29-.jpg/340px-David_Cronenberg%28CannesPhotoCall%29-.jpg 2x" data-file-width="368" data-file-height="559" /></a><figcaption>Cronenberg at the <a href="/wiki/Cannes_Film_Festival" title="Cannes Film Festival">Cannes Film Festival</a> in 2002</figcaption></figure> <p>Cronenberg has cited <a href="/wiki/William_S._Burroughs" title="William S. Burroughs">William S. Burroughs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Nabokov" title="Vladimir Nabokov">Vladimir Nabokov</a> as influences.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Perhaps the best example of a film that straddles the line between his works of personal chaos and psychological confusion is Cronenberg's 1991 "adaptation" of <i><a href="/wiki/Naked_Lunch" title="Naked Lunch">Naked Lunch</a></i> (1959), his literary hero <a href="/wiki/William_S._Burroughs" title="William S. Burroughs">William S. Burroughs</a>' most controversial book. The novel was considered "<a href="/wiki/Unfilmable" class="mw-redirect" title="Unfilmable">unfilmable</a>", and Cronenberg acknowledged that a straight translation into film would "cost 400 million dollars and be banned in every country in the world". Instead—much like in his earlier film, <i>Videodrome</i>—he consistently blurred the lines between what appeared to be reality and what appeared to be <a href="/wiki/Hallucinations" class="mw-redirect" title="Hallucinations">hallucinations</a> brought on by the main character's drug addiction. Some of the book's "moments" (as well as incidents loosely based upon Burroughs' life) are presented in this manner within the film. Cronenberg stated that while writing the screenplay for <i><a href="/wiki/Naked_Lunch_(film)" title="Naked Lunch (film)">Naked Lunch</a></i> (1991), he felt a moment of <a href="/wiki/Synergy" title="Synergy">synergy</a> with Burroughs' writing style. He felt the connection between his screenwriting style and Burroughs' prose style was so strong, that he jokingly remarked that should Burroughs pass on, he might write his next novel.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cronenberg has also appeared as an actor in other directors' films. Most of his roles are <a href="/wiki/Cameo_appearance" title="Cameo appearance">cameo appearances</a>, as in the films <i><a href="/wiki/Into_the_Night_(1985_film)" title="Into the Night (1985 film)">Into the Night</a></i> (1985), <i><a href="/wiki/Blood_and_Donuts" title="Blood and Donuts">Blood and Donuts</a></i> (1995), <i><a href="/wiki/To_Die_For" title="To Die For">To Die For</a></i> (1995), and <i><a href="/wiki/Jason_X" title="Jason X">Jason X</a></i> (2002) and the television series <i><a href="/wiki/Alias_(TV_series)" title="Alias (TV series)">Alias</a></i>, but on occasion he has played major roles, as in <i><a href="/wiki/Nightbreed" title="Nightbreed">Nightbreed</a></i> (1990) and <i><a href="/wiki/Last_Night_(1998_film)" title="Last Night (1998 film)">Last Night</a></i> (1998). He has not had major roles in any of his own films, but he did put in a brief appearance as a gynecologist in <i>The Fly</i>; he can also be glimpsed among the sex-crazed hordes in <i>Shivers</i>; he can be heard as an unseen car-pound attendant in <i>Crash</i>; his hands can be glimpsed in <i><a href="/wiki/EXistenZ" class="mw-redirect" title="EXistenZ">eXistenZ</a></i> (1999); and he appeared as a stand-in for <a href="/wiki/James_Woods" title="James Woods">James Woods</a> in <i>Videodrome</i>. </p><p>Cronenberg has said that his films should be seen "from the point of view of the disease", and that in <i>Shivers</i>, for example, he identifies with the characters <i>after</i> they become infected with the anarchic parasites. Disease and disaster, in Cronenberg's work, are less problems to be overcome than agents of <a href="/wiki/Morphological_freedom" title="Morphological freedom">personal transformation</a>. Of his characters' transformations, Cronenberg said, "But because of our necessity to impose our own structure of perception on things we look on ourselves as being relatively stable. But, in fact, when I look at a person I see this maelstrom of organic, chemical and electron chaos; volatility and instability, shimmering; and the ability to change and transform and transmute."<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similarly, in <i><a href="/wiki/Crash_(1996_film)" title="Crash (1996 film)">Crash</a></i> (1996), people who have been injured in car crashes attempt to view their ordeal as "a fertilizing rather than a destructive event". In 2005, Cronenberg publicly disagreed with <a href="/wiki/Paul_Haggis" title="Paul Haggis">Paul Haggis</a>' choice of the same name for the latter's <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Oscar</a>-winning film <i><a href="/wiki/Crash_(2004_film)" title="Crash (2004 film)">Crash</a></i> (2004), arguing that it was "very disrespectful" to the "important and seminal" <a href="/wiki/Crash_(J._G._Ballard_novel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Crash (J. G. Ballard novel)">J. G. Ballard novel</a> on which Cronenberg's film was based.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2005–present:_Resurgence"><span id="2005.E2.80.93present:_Resurgence"></span>2005–present: Resurgence</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Cronenberg&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 2005–present: Resurgence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Director_DAVID_CRONENBERG_of_the_film_%27Spider%27_during_the_Toronto_International_Film_Festival.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Director_DAVID_CRONENBERG_of_the_film_%27Spider%27_during_the_Toronto_International_Film_Festival.jpg/220px-Director_DAVID_CRONENBERG_of_the_film_%27Spider%27_during_the_Toronto_International_Film_Festival.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Director_DAVID_CRONENBERG_of_the_film_%27Spider%27_during_the_Toronto_International_Film_Festival.jpg/330px-Director_DAVID_CRONENBERG_of_the_film_%27Spider%27_during_the_Toronto_International_Film_Festival.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Director_DAVID_CRONENBERG_of_the_film_%27Spider%27_during_the_Toronto_International_Film_Festival.jpg/440px-Director_DAVID_CRONENBERG_of_the_film_%27Spider%27_during_the_Toronto_International_Film_Festival.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1850" data-file-height="1304" /></a><figcaption>Cronenberg at the 2011 <a href="/wiki/Toronto_International_Film_Festival" title="Toronto International Film Festival">Toronto International Film Festival</a></figcaption></figure> <p>His thriller <i><a href="/wiki/A_History_of_Violence" title="A History of Violence">A History of Violence</a></i> (2005) is one of his highest budgeted and most accessible to date. He has said that the decision to direct it was influenced by his having had to defer some of his salary on the low-budgeted <i><a href="/wiki/Spider_(2002_film)" title="Spider (2002 film)">Spider</a></i> (2002), but it was one of his most critically acclaimed films to date, along with <i><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Promises" title="Eastern Promises">Eastern Promises</a></i> (2007), a film about the struggle of one man to gain power in the Russian Mafia. Although Cronenberg has worked with a number of Hollywood stars, he remains a staunchly Canadian filmmaker, with nearly all of his films (including major studio vehicles <i>The Dead Zone</i> and <i>The Fly</i>) having been filmed in his home province Ontario. Notable exceptions include <i><a href="/wiki/M._Butterfly_(film)" title="M. Butterfly (film)">M. Butterfly</a></i> (1993), most of which was shot in China, <i>Spider</i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Promises" title="Eastern Promises">Eastern Promises</a></i> (2007), which were both filmed primarily in England, and <i><a href="/wiki/A_Dangerous_Method" title="A Dangerous Method">A Dangerous Method</a></i> (2011), which was filmed in Germany and Austria. <i>Rabid</i> and <i>Shivers</i> were shot in and around <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a>. Most of his films have been at least partially financed by <a href="/wiki/Telefilm_Canada" title="Telefilm Canada">Telefilm Canada</a>, and Cronenberg, a vocal supporter of government-backed film projects, has said: "Every country needs [a system of government <a href="/wiki/Grant_(money)" title="Grant (money)">grants</a>] to have a national cinema in the face of Hollywood".<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2008, Cronenberg realized two extra-cinematographic projects: the exhibition <i>Chromosomes</i> at the <a href="/wiki/Rome_Film_Fest" class="mw-redirect" title="Rome Film Fest">Rome Film Fest</a>, and the opera <i>The Fly</i> at the LaOpera in Los Angeles and Theatre Châtelet in Paris. In July 2010, Cronenberg completed production on <i><a href="/wiki/A_Dangerous_Method" title="A Dangerous Method">A Dangerous Method</a></i> (2011), an adaptation of <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Hampton" title="Christopher Hampton">Christopher Hampton</a>'s play <i>The Talking Cure</i>, starring <a href="/wiki/Keira_Knightley" title="Keira Knightley">Keira Knightley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Fassbender" title="Michael Fassbender">Michael Fassbender</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vincent_Cassel" title="Vincent Cassel">Vincent Cassel</a>, and frequent collaborator <a href="/wiki/Viggo_Mortensen" title="Viggo Mortensen">Viggo Mortensen</a>. The film was produced by independent British producer <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Thomas" title="Jeremy Thomas">Jeremy Thomas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On television, he has appeared in the recurring roles of Dr. Brezzel in Season 3 of <i><a href="/wiki/Alias_(TV_series)" title="Alias (TV series)">Alias</a></i>, and Kovich in seasons 3, 4, and 5 of <i><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_Discovery" title="Star Trek: Discovery">Star Trek: Discovery</a></i>. He has also had main roles as Reverend Verrenger in <i><a href="/wiki/Alias_Grace_(miniseries)" title="Alias Grace (miniseries)">Alias Grace</a></i>, and Spencer Galloway in <i><a href="/wiki/Slasher_(TV_series)" title="Slasher (TV series)">Slasher: Flesh & Blood</a></i>. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:David_Cronenberg_Cannes_2014.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/David_Cronenberg_Cannes_2014.jpg/160px-David_Cronenberg_Cannes_2014.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/David_Cronenberg_Cannes_2014.jpg/240px-David_Cronenberg_Cannes_2014.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/David_Cronenberg_Cannes_2014.jpg/320px-David_Cronenberg_Cannes_2014.jpg 2x" data-file-width="565" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Cronenberg at the <a href="/wiki/Cannes_Film_Festival" title="Cannes Film Festival">Cannes Film Festival</a> in 2014</figcaption></figure> <p>In 2012, his film <i><a href="/wiki/Cosmopolis_(film)" title="Cosmopolis (film)">Cosmopolis</a></i> competed for the <a href="/wiki/Palme_d%27Or" title="Palme d'Or">Palme d'Or</a> at the <a href="/wiki/2012_Cannes_Film_Festival" title="2012 Cannes Film Festival">2012 Cannes Film Festival</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For a time it appeared that, as <i><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Promises" title="Eastern Promises">Eastern Promises</a></i> producer Paul Webster told <a href="/wiki/Screen_International" title="Screen International">Screen International</a>, a sequel is in the works that would reunite the key team of Cronenberg, <a href="/wiki/Steven_Knight" title="Steven Knight">Steven Knight</a>, and Viggo Mortensen. The film was to be made by Webster's new production company <i>Shoebox Films</i> in collaboration with <a href="/wiki/Focus_Features" title="Focus Features">Focus Features</a>, and shot in early 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, in 2012, Cronenberg commented that the <i>Eastern Promises</i> sequel had fallen through due to budget disagreement with <a href="/wiki/Focus_Features" title="Focus Features">Focus Features</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Filming for Cronenberg's next film, a satire <a href="/wiki/Drama_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Drama film">drama</a> entitled <i><a href="/wiki/Maps_to_the_Stars" title="Maps to the Stars">Maps to the Stars</a></i> (2014)—with <a href="/wiki/Julianne_Moore" title="Julianne Moore">Julianne Moore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mia_Wasikowska" title="Mia Wasikowska">Mia Wasikowska</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Cusack" title="John Cusack">John Cusack</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Pattinson" title="Robert Pattinson">Robert Pattinson</a><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>—began on July 8, 2013, in <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a>, Ontario and Los Angeles.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was the first time Cronenberg filmed in the United States. On June 26, 2014, Cronenberg's short film <i>The Nest</i> was published on YouTube. The film was commissioned for "David Cronenberg – The Exhibition" at EYE Film Institute in Amsterdam and was available on YouTube for the duration of the exhibition, until September 14, 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also in 2014, Cronenberg published his first novel, <i><a href="/wiki/Consumed_(novel)" title="Consumed (novel)">Consumed</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a May 2016 interview, <a href="/wiki/Viggo_Mortensen" title="Viggo Mortensen">Viggo Mortensen</a> revealed that Cronenberg is considering retiring due to difficulty financing his film projects.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cronenberg appears as himself in the minute-long short film <i>The Death of David Cronenberg</i>, shot by his daughter <a href="/wiki/Caitlin_Cronenberg" title="Caitlin Cronenberg">Caitlin</a>, which was released digitally on September 19, 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In February 2021 however, Mortensen said Cronenberg had refined an older script he had written and hopes to film it with Mortensen that summer. He further hinted that it is a "strange film noir" and resembles Cronenberg's earlier body horror films.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 2021, the title was revealed to be <i><a href="/wiki/Crimes_of_the_Future_(2022_film)" title="Crimes of the Future (2022 film)">Crimes of the Future</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-pnws_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pnws-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was shot in Greece during the summer of 2021,<sup id="cite_ref-pnws_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pnws-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and competed for the <a href="/wiki/Palme_d%27Or" title="Palme d'Or">Palme d'Or</a> at the <a href="/wiki/2022_Cannes_Film_Festival" title="2022 Cannes Film Festival">2022 Cannes Film Festival</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cronenberg's next film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Shrouds" title="The Shrouds">The Shrouds</a></i> is set to premier at the <a href="/wiki/2024_Cannes_Film_Festival" title="2024 Cannes Film Festival">2024 Cannes Film Festival</a> in competition, and be released theatrically in September 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Unrealized_projects">Unrealized projects</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Cronenberg&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Unrealized projects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>One of Cronenberg's earliest unproduced film concepts was <i>Roger Pagan, Gynecologist</i>, about a neurotic man who impersonates a medical expert.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The project was initially conceived in the early 1970s in the form of a novel. </p><p>In the early 1980s Cronenberg attempted to make a film adaption of <a href="/wiki/Mary_Shelley" title="Mary Shelley">Mary Shelley</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Frankenstein" title="Frankenstein">Frankenstein</a></i> that took place in the modern day.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERodley199792_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERodley199792-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cronenberg wrote an original script for Universal after <i>Videodrome</i> titled <i>Six Legs</i>, but the film was never made although aspects were incorporated into <i>The Fly</i> and <i>Naked Lunch</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERodley1997119_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERodley1997119-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cronenberg was offered the role of director for <i><a href="/wiki/Witness_(1985_film)" title="Witness (1985 film)">Witness</a></i> while it was under the name <i>Come Home</i>, but declined as he "could never be a fan of the Amish". He was also offered the director's position for <i><a href="/wiki/Flashdance" title="Flashdance">Flashdance</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Top_Gun" title="Top Gun">Top Gun</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Beverly_Hills_Cop" title="Beverly Hills Cop">Beverly Hills Cop</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERodley1997116_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERodley1997116-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERodley1997119_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERodley1997119-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Marc Boyman offered Cronenberg the position of director for <i><a href="/wiki/The_Incubus_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Incubus (film)">The Incubus</a></i>, but declined although this led to Boyman producing <i>The Fly</i> and <i>Dead Ringers</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERodley1997136_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERodley1997136-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cronenberg also worked for nearly a year on a version of <i><a href="/wiki/Total_Recall_(1990_film)" title="Total Recall (1990 film)">Total Recall</a></i> (1990), but experienced "creative differences" with producers <a href="/wiki/Dino_De_Laurentiis" title="Dino De Laurentiis">Dino De Laurentiis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Shusett" title="Ronald Shusett">Ronald Shusett</a>; a different version of the film was eventually made by <a href="/wiki/Paul_Verhoeven" title="Paul Verhoeven">Paul Verhoeven</a>. Cronenberg related in his 1992 memoir, <i>Cronenberg on Cronenberg</i> that, as a fan of <a href="/wiki/Philip_K._Dick" title="Philip K. Dick">Philip K. Dick</a>—author of "We Can Remember it For You Wholesale", the short story upon which the film was based— his dissatisfaction with what he envisioned the film to be and what it ended up being pained him so greatly that, for a time, he suffered a <a href="/wiki/Migraine" title="Migraine">migraine</a> just thinking about it, akin to a needle piercing his eye.<sup id="cite_ref-Cronenberg,_David_1992_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cronenberg,_David_1992-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1993, Cronenberg signed a deal with <a href="/wiki/Paragon_Entertainment_Corporation" title="Paragon Entertainment Corporation">Paragon Entertainment Corporation</a> in which he would create a six-part television series for <a href="/wiki/CBC_Television" title="CBC Television">CBC Television</a>. Cronenberg started writing it on August 1, and filming was meant to begin in February 1994 using 35 mm film. The show was set in 2010 and was about members of The Flesh Squad police force. Carol Reynolds, the president of Paragon Entertainment, stated that each episode would cost between $500,000-600,000.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the October 2011 edition of <i><a href="/wiki/Rue_Morgue_(magazine)" title="Rue Morgue (magazine)">Rue Morgue</a></i>, Cronenberg stated that he has written a companion piece to his 1986 remake of <i>The Fly</i>, which he would like to direct if given the chance. He has stated that it is not a traditional sequel, but rather a "parallel story".<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Cronenberg&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cronenberg lives in <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECronenberg19921_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECronenberg19921-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He married his first wife, Margaret Hindson, in 1972: their seven-year marriage ended in 1979 amidst personal and professional differences. They had one daughter, Cassandra Cronenberg. His second wife was film editor Carolyn Zeifman, to whom he was married until her death in 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-carolyn_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-carolyn-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The couple met on the set of <i>Rabid</i> while she was working as a production assistant.<sup id="cite_ref-carolyn_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-carolyn-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They have two children, <a href="/wiki/Caitlin_Cronenberg" title="Caitlin Cronenberg">Caitlin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brandon_Cronenberg" title="Brandon Cronenberg">Brandon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the book <i>Cronenberg on Cronenberg</i> (1992), he revealed that <i><a href="/wiki/The_Brood" title="The Brood">The Brood</a></i> was inspired by events that occurred during the unraveling of his first marriage, which caused both Cronenberg and his daughter Cassandra a great deal of turmoil. The character Nola Carveth, mother of the brood, is based on Cassandra's mother. Cronenberg said that he found the shooting of the climactic scene, in which Nola was strangled by her husband, to be "very satisfying".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECronenberg199284_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECronenberg199284-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a September 2013 interview, Cronenberg revealed that film director <a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> admitted to him that he was intrigued by Cronenberg's early work but was subsequently "terrified" to meet him in person. Cronenberg responded to Scorsese: "You're the guy who made <i><a href="/wiki/Taxi_Driver" title="Taxi Driver">Taxi Driver</a></i> and you're afraid to meet me?"<sup id="cite_ref-Henry_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Henry-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the same interview, Cronenberg identified as an <a href="/wiki/Atheist" class="mw-redirect" title="Atheist">atheist</a>. "Anytime I've tried to imagine squeezing myself into the box of any particular religion, I find it claustrophobic and oppressive," Cronenberg elaborated. "I think atheism is an acceptance of what is real." In the same interview, Cronenberg revealed that it depends on the "time of day" as to whether or not he is afraid of death. He further stated that he is not concerned about posthumous representations of his film work: "It wouldn't disturb me to think that my work would just sink beneath the waves without trace and that would be it. So what? It doesn't bother me."<sup id="cite_ref-Henry_62-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Henry-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <i>Cronenberg on Cronenberg</i>, the director further elaborated that he was raised in a <a href="/wiki/List_of_Jewish_atheists_and_agnostics" title="List of Jewish atheists and agnostics">secular Jewish</a> home, and while he and his family had no disdain towards any religion, such matters were not discussed. In the same book, Cronenberg said that in his teens he went through a phase where he wondered about the existence of God, but ultimately came to the conclusion that the God concept was developed to cope with the fear of death.<sup id="cite_ref-Cronenberg,_David_1992_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cronenberg,_David_1992-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a 2007 interview, Cronenberg explained the role atheism plays in his work. He stated, "I'm interested in saying, 'Let us discuss the existential question. We are all going to die, that is the end of all consciousness. There is no afterlife. There is no God. Now what do we do.' That's the point where it starts getting interesting to me."<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Cronenberg's later films (e.g. <i><a href="/wiki/A_History_of_Violence" title="A History of Violence">A History of Violence</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Promises" title="Eastern Promises">Eastern Promises</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/A_Dangerous_Method" title="A Dangerous Method">A Dangerous Method</a></i>) openly religious characters become more common. During an interview for <i>A History of Violence</i>, Cronenberg even chose to identify as a <a href="/wiki/Materialist" class="mw-redirect" title="Materialist">materialist</a> rather than an atheist, stating, "I'm not an atheist, but for me to turn away from any aspect of the human body to me is a philosophical betrayal. And there's a lot of art and religion whose whole purpose is to turn away from the human body. I feel in my art that my mandate is to not do that."<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a separate 2013 interview, Cronenberg discussed the role <a href="/wiki/Religion" title="Religion">religion</a> plays in his films, using <i>Eastern Promises</i> as the main example: </p> <blockquote><p>I'm an atheist but not all my characters are atheists. So it's true that I don't think about <a href="/wiki/God" title="God">God</a> ever as part of my life or anything. But if you're a dramatist and you are working with characters who come from a particular culture, you have to accept their understanding of life, and with passion. So the Nikolai character, I'm pretty sure he believes in God and most of the other characters in the movie do too. Some of them are <a href="/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslim</a>, some of them are <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Orthodox">Eastern Orthodox</a>, and that's a part of their life, a part of their understanding of suffering. Because everybody in life suffers but not everybody thinks of that in religious terms. These people do. And they think of suffering as a way to salvation, also in religious terms. I am their God really, as I am creating them; that's religious in itself. I am a very hardcore atheist believe me but you become like an actor really, as a director or a writer. You must take on the character as that character is and believe in it as you're playing it. To allow that character to exist as he would exist. That's really what it's all about, so I have no problem with characters who are religious and believe in God. I would have a problem if that was the point of the whole story because that bores me and I just don't have any emotional or intellectual respect for it, frankly.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Filmography">Filmography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Cronenberg&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Filmography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Filmography_of_David_Cronenberg" title="Filmography of David Cronenberg">Filmography of David Cronenberg</a></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Directed features </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th>Title </th> <th>Distribution </th></tr> <tr> <td>1969 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Stereo_(1969_film)" title="Stereo (1969 film)">Stereo</a></i> </td> <td>Film Canada Presentations </td></tr> <tr> <td>1970 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Crimes_of_the_Future_(1970_film)" title="Crimes of the Future (1970 film)">Crimes of the Future</a></i> </td> <td>New Cinema Enterprises </td></tr> <tr> <td>1975 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Shivers_(1975_film)" title="Shivers (1975 film)">Shivers</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lionsgate_Films" title="Lionsgate Films">Cinépix Film Properties</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1977 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Rabid_(1977_film)" title="Rabid (1977 film)">Rabid</a></i> </td> <td>Cinépix Film Properties / <a href="/wiki/New_World_Pictures" title="New World Pictures">New World Pictures</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1979 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Fast_Company_(1979_film)" title="Fast Company (1979 film)">Fast Company</a></i> </td> <td>Admit One Presentations / Danton Films </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Brood, The"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Brood" title="The Brood">The Brood</a></i> </td> <td>New World Pictures </td></tr> <tr> <td>1981 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Scanners" title="Scanners">Scanners</a></i> </td> <td>New World Pictures / <a href="/wiki/Manson_International" title="Manson International">Manson International</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1983 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Videodrome" title="Videodrome">Videodrome</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Universal_Pictures" title="Universal Pictures">Universal Pictures</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="Dead Zone, The"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dead_Zone_(film)" title="The Dead Zone (film)">The Dead Zone</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paramount_Pictures" title="Paramount Pictures">Paramount Pictures</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1986 </td> <td data-sort-value="Fly, The"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fly_(1986_film)" title="The Fly (1986 film)">The Fly</a></i> </td> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/20th_Century_Studios" title="20th Century Studios">20th Century Fox</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1988 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Dead_Ringers_(film)" title="Dead Ringers (film)">Dead Ringers</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1991 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Naked_Lunch_(film)" title="Naked Lunch (film)">Naked Lunch</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1993 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/M._Butterfly_(film)" title="M. Butterfly (film)">M. Butterfly</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros." title="Warner Bros.">Warner Bros.</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1996 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Crash_(1996_film)" title="Crash (1996 film)">Crash</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alliance_Films" title="Alliance Films">Alliance Communications</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1999 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Existenz" title="Existenz">eXistenZ</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alliance_Atlantis" title="Alliance Atlantis">Alliance Atlantis</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2002 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Spider_(2002_film)" title="Spider (2002 film)">Spider</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cineplex_Odeon_Films" title="Cineplex Odeon Films">Cineplex Films</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2005 </td> <td data-sort-value="History of Violence, A"><i><a href="/wiki/A_History_of_Violence" title="A History of Violence">A History of Violence</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Line_Cinema" title="New Line Cinema">New Line Cinema</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2007 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Promises" title="Eastern Promises">Eastern Promises</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Focus_Features" title="Focus Features">Focus Features</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2011 </td> <td data-sort-value="Dangerous Method, A"><i><a href="/wiki/A_Dangerous_Method" title="A Dangerous Method">A Dangerous Method</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sony_Pictures_Classics" title="Sony Pictures Classics">Sony Pictures Classics</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2012 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Cosmopolis_(film)" title="Cosmopolis (film)">Cosmopolis</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Entertainment_One" class="mw-redirect" title="Entertainment One">Entertainment One</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2014 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Maps_to_the_Stars" title="Maps to the Stars">Maps to the Stars</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Focus_Features" title="Focus Features">Focus World</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2022 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Crimes_of_the_Future_(2022_film)" title="Crimes of the Future (2022 film)">Crimes of the Future</a></i> </td> <td rowspan="2">Sphere Films </td></tr> <tr> <td>2024 </td> <td data-sort-value="Shrouds, The"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Shrouds" title="The Shrouds">The Shrouds</a></i> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_recognition">Awards and recognition <span class="anchor" id="Awards"></span><span class="anchor" id="Honours"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Cronenberg&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Awards and recognition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cronenberg has appeared on various "Greatest Director" lists. In 2004, Science Fiction magazine <i><a href="/wiki/Strange_Horizons" title="Strange Horizons">Strange Horizons</a></i> named him the second greatest director in the history of the genre, ahead of better known directors such as <a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Cameron" title="James Cameron">James Cameron</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_Godard" title="Jean-Luc Godard">Jean-Luc Godard</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ridley_Scott" title="Ridley Scott">Ridley Scott</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the same year, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i> listed him 9th on their list of "The world's 40 best directors".<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2007, <a href="/wiki/Total_Film" title="Total Film">Total Film</a> named him as the 17th greatest director of all time.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Film professor Charles Derry, in his overview of the horror genre <i>Dark Dreams</i>, called the director one of the most important in his field, and that "no discussion of contemporary horror film can conclude without reference to the films of David Cronenberg."<sup id="cite_ref-americanhorrors_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-americanhorrors-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cronenberg received the <a href="/wiki/Jury_Prize_(Cannes_Film_Festival)" title="Jury Prize (Cannes Film Festival)">Special Jury Prize</a> at the <a href="/wiki/1996_Cannes_Film_Festival" title="1996 Cannes Film Festival">1996 Cannes Film Festival</a> for <i><a href="/wiki/Crash_(1996_film)" title="Crash (1996 film)">Crash</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-festival-cannes.com_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-festival-cannes.com-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1999, he was inducted onto <a href="/wiki/Canada%27s_Walk_of_Fame" title="Canada's Walk of Fame">Canada's Walk of Fame</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> awarded the <a href="/wiki/Silver_Bear" class="mw-redirect" title="Silver Bear">Silver Bear</a> Award at the <a href="/wiki/49th_Berlin_International_Film_Festival" title="49th Berlin International Film Festival">49th Berlin International Film Festival</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Berlinale1999_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Berlinale1999-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and that November received the <a href="/wiki/Governor_General%27s_Performing_Arts_Award" title="Governor General's Performing Arts Award">Governor General's Performing Arts Award</a>, Canada's highest honour in the performing arts.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2002, he was made an Officer of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Canada" title="Order of Canada">Order of Canada</a>, and was promoted to Companion of the Order of Canada (the order's highest rank) in 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2006 he was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Cannes_Film_Festival" title="Cannes Film Festival">Cannes Film Festival</a>'s lifetime achievement award, the Carrosse d'Or.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2009 Cronenberg received the <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9gion_d%27honneur" class="mw-redirect" title="Légion d'honneur">Légion d'honneur</a> from the government of France.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The following year Cronenberg was named an honorary patron of the <a href="/wiki/University_Philosophical_Society" title="University Philosophical Society">University Philosophical Society</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trinity_College_Dublin" title="Trinity College Dublin">Trinity College Dublin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2012, he received the <a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II_Diamond_Jubilee_Medal" title="Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal">Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The opening of the "David Cronenberg: Evolution" <a href="/wiki/Toronto_International_Film_Festival" title="Toronto International Film Festival">Toronto International Film Festival (TIFF)</a> exhibition occurred on October 30, 2013. Held at the <a href="/wiki/TIFF_Bell_Lightbox" class="mw-redirect" title="TIFF Bell Lightbox">TIFF Bell Lightbox</a> venue, the exhibition paid tribute to the director's entire filmmaking career and the festival's promotional material referred to Cronenberg as "one of Canada's most prolific and iconic filmmakers". The exhibition was shown internationally following the conclusion of the TIFF showing on January 19, 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-Henry_62-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Henry-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2014, he was made a Member of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Ontario" title="Order of Ontario">Order of Ontario</a> in recognition for being "Canada's most celebrated internationally acclaimed filmmaker".<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 2018, it was announced that Cronenberg would receive the honorary <a href="/wiki/Golden_Lion" title="Golden Lion">Golden Lion</a> at the <a href="/wiki/75th_Venice_International_Film_Festival" title="75th Venice International Film Festival">75th Venice International Film Festival</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="British_Academy_Film_Awards">British Academy Film Awards</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Cronenberg&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: British Academy Film Awards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th>Nominated work </th> <th>Category </th> <th>Result </th></tr> <tr> <td>2008 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Promises" title="Eastern Promises">Eastern Promises</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/BAFTA_Award_for_Outstanding_British_Film" title="BAFTA Award for Outstanding British Film">Outstanding British Film</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Berlin_International_Film_Festival">Berlin International Film Festival</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Cronenberg&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Berlin International Film Festival"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th>Nominated work </th> <th>Category </th> <th>Result </th></tr> <tr> <td>1992 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Naked_Lunch_(film)" title="Naked Lunch (film)">Naked Lunch</a></i> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Golden_Bear" title="Golden Bear">Golden Bear</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1999 </td> <td rowspan="2"><i><a href="/wiki/Existenz" title="Existenz">eXistenZ</a></i> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td>Silver Bear for an outstanding artistic contribution </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cannes_Film_Festival">Cannes Film Festival</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Cronenberg&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Cannes Film Festival"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th>Nominated work </th> <th>Category </th> <th>Result </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1996 </td> <td rowspan="2"><i><a href="/wiki/Crash_(1996_film)" title="Crash (1996 film)">Crash</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jury_Prize_(Cannes_Film_Festival)" title="Jury Prize (Cannes Film Festival)">Jury Prize</a> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Palme_d%27Or" title="Palme d'Or">Palme d'Or</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td>2002 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Spider_(2002_film)" title="Spider (2002 film)">Spider</a></i> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td>2005 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/A_History_of_Violence" title="A History of Violence">A History of Violence</a></i> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td>2006 </td> <td> </td> <td>Golden Coach </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td>2012 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Cosmopolis_(film)" title="Cosmopolis (film)">Cosmopolis</a></i> </td> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Palme_d%27Or" title="Palme d'Or">Palme d'Or</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td>2014 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Maps_to_the_Stars" title="Maps to the Stars">Maps to the Stars</a></i> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td>2022 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Crimes_of_the_Future_(2022_film)" title="Crimes of the Future (2022 film)">Crimes of the Future</a></i> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td>2024 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Shrouds" title="The Shrouds">The Shrouds</a></i> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Academy_of_Canadian_Cinema_and_Television">Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Cronenberg&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Screen_Award_for_Best_Motion_Picture" title="Canadian Screen Award for Best Motion Picture">Best Picture</a></b> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th>Nominated work </th> <th>Result </th></tr> <tr> <td>1988 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Dead_Ringers_(film)" title="Dead Ringers (film)">Dead Ringers</a></i> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td>1996 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Crash_(1996_film)" title="Crash (1996 film)">Crash</a></i> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td>1999 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/EXistenZ" class="mw-redirect" title="EXistenZ">eXistenZ</a></i> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Screen_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Canadian Screen Award for Best Director">Best Director</a></b> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th>Nominated work </th> <th>Result </th></tr> <tr> <td>1981 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Scanners" title="Scanners">Scanners</a></i> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td>1983 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Videodrome" title="Videodrome">Videodrome</a></i> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td>1988 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Dead_Ringers_(film)" title="Dead Ringers (film)">Dead Ringers</a></i> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td>1991 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Naked_Lunch_(film)" title="Naked Lunch (film)">Naked Lunch</a></i> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td>1996 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Crash_(1996_film)" title="Crash (1996 film)">Crash</a></i> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td>2002 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Spider_(2002_film)" title="Spider (2002 film)">Spider</a></i> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td>2007 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Promises" title="Eastern Promises">Eastern Promises</a></i> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td>2011 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/A_Dangerous_Method" title="A Dangerous Method">A Dangerous Method</a></i> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td>2014 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Maps_to_the_Stars" title="Maps to the Stars">Maps to the Stars</a></i> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Screen_Award_for_Best_Screenplay" title="Canadian Screen Award for Best Screenplay">Best Screenplay</a></b> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th>Nominated work </th> <th>Result </th></tr> <tr> <td>1981 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Scanners" title="Scanners">Scanners</a></i> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td>1983 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Videodrome" title="Videodrome">Videodrome</a></i> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td>1988 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Dead_Ringers_(film)" title="Dead Ringers (film)">Dead Ringers</a></i> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td>1991 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Naked_Lunch_(film)" title="Naked Lunch (film)">Naked Lunch</a></i> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td>1996 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Crash_(1996_film)" title="Crash (1996 film)">Crash</a></i> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td>2012 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Cosmopolis_(film)" title="Cosmopolis (film)">Cosmopolis</a></i> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Saturn_Awards">Saturn Awards</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Cronenberg&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Saturn Awards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th>Nominated work </th> <th>Category </th> <th>Result </th></tr> <tr> <td>1983 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dead_Zone_(film)" title="The Dead Zone (film)">The Dead Zone</a></i> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Saturn_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Saturn Award for Best Director">Best Director</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td>1986 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fly_(1986_film)" title="The Fly (1986 film)">The Fly</a></i> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1988 </td> <td rowspan="2"><i><a href="/wiki/Dead_Ringers_(film)" title="Dead Ringers (film)">Dead Ringers</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Saturn_Award_for_Best_Horror_Film" title="Saturn Award for Best Horror Film">Best Horror Film</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Saturn_Award_for_Best_Writing" title="Saturn Award for Best Writing">Best Writing</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td>1999 </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/EXistenZ" class="mw-redirect" title="EXistenZ">eXistenZ</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Saturn_Award_for_Best_Science_Fiction_Film" title="Saturn Award for Best Science Fiction Film">Best Science Fiction Film</a> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Cronenberg&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECronenberg19921-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECronenberg19921_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECronenberg19921_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCronenberg1992">Cronenberg 1992</a>, p. 1.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bfi.org.uk/lists/david-cronenberg-10-essential-films">"David Cronenberg: 10 essential films"</a>. <i>British Film Institute</i>. March 14, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 14,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=British+Film+Institute&rft.atitle=David+Cronenberg%3A+10+essential+films&rft.date=2017-03-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bfi.org.uk%2Flists%2Fdavid-cronenberg-10-essential-films&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ctvnews.ca/cronenberg-defends-movie-s-naked-bathhouse-scene-1.256007">"Cronenberg defends movie's naked bathhouse scene"</a>. <i>CTVNews</i>. September 11, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 22,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CTVNews&rft.atitle=Cronenberg+defends+movie%27s+naked+bathhouse+scene&rft.date=2007-09-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ctvnews.ca%2Fcronenberg-defends-movie-s-naked-bathhouse-scene-1.256007&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2007/SHOWBIZ/Movies/09/21/david.cronenberg/">"Director David Cronenberg: Responsible violence?"</a>. CNN<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 22,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Director+David+Cronenberg%3A+Responsible+violence%3F&rft.pub=CNN&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2007%2FSHOWBIZ%2FMovies%2F09%2F21%2Fdavid.cronenberg%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJ._Hoberman2005" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/J._Hoberman" title="J. Hoberman">J. Hoberman</a> (May 17, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110629080807/http://www.villagevoice.com/2005-05-17/film/historical-oversight/">"Historical Oversight"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Village_Voice" title="The Village Voice">The Village Voice</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.villagevoice.com/2005-05-17/film/historical-oversight/">the original</a> on June 29, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 18,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Village+Voice&rft.atitle=Historical+Oversight&rft.date=2005-05-17&rft.au=J.+Hoberman&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.villagevoice.com%2F2005-05-17%2Ffilm%2Fhistorical-oversight%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaslin1996" class="citation news cs1">Maslin, Janet (May 21, 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1996/05/21/movies/secrets-and-lies-wins-the-top-prize-at-cannes.html">"Secrets and Lies' Wins the Top Prize at Cannes"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 20,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Secrets+and+Lies%27+Wins+the+Top+Prize+at+Cannes&rft.date=1996-05-21&rft.aulast=Maslin&rft.aufirst=Janet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1996%2F05%2F21%2Fmovies%2Fsecrets-and-lies-wins-the-top-prize-at-cannes.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fullbio-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fullbio_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fullbio_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fullbio_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fullbio_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJonathan_Crow2009" class="citation news cs1">Jonathan Crow (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090222043459/https://movies.nytimes.com/person/86249/David-Cronenberg/biography">"David Cronenberg: Full Biography"</a>. Movies & TV Dept. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://movies.nytimes.com/person/86249/David-Cronenberg/biography">the original</a> on February 22, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 16,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=David+Cronenberg%3A+Full+Biography&rft.date=2009&rft.au=Jonathan+Crow&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmovies.nytimes.com%2Fperson%2F86249%2FDavid-Cronenberg%2Fbiography&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-filmr-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-filmr_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.filmreference.com/film/84/David-Cronenberg.html">"David Cronenberg Biography (1943–)"</a>. Filmreference.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 18,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=David+Cronenberg+Biography+%281943%E2%80%93%29&rft.pub=Filmreference.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.filmreference.com%2Ffilm%2F84%2FDavid-Cronenberg.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120817024054/http://www.egs.edu/faculty/david-cronenberg/biography">"David Cronenberg - Film Director - Biography"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.egs.edu/faculty/david-cronenberg/biography/">the original</a> on August 17, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 19,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=David+Cronenberg+-+Film+Director+-+Biography&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.egs.edu%2Ffaculty%2Fdavid-cronenberg%2Fbiography%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span>."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thechronicleherald.ca/heraldmagazine/99409-canadian-icon-david-cronenberg">"Canadian Icon: David Cronenberg"</a>. April 14, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 2,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Canadian+Icon%3A+David+Cronenberg&rft.date=2014-04-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthechronicleherald.ca%2Fheraldmagazine%2F99409-canadian-icon-david-cronenberg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.viggo-works.com/index.php?page=1392">"Film-Related 2007"</a>. Viggo Works<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 2,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Film-Related+2007&rft.pub=Viggo+Works&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.viggo-works.com%2Findex.php%3Fpage%3D1392&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERodley19972-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERodley19972_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRodley1997">Rodley 1997</a>, p. 2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nymag.com-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nymag.com_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nymag.com_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nymag.com/nymetro/movies/features/14547/">"Filmmaker David Cronenberg Discusses His Influences - Nymag"</a>. <i>New York Magazine</i>. September 22, 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+York+Magazine&rft.atitle=Filmmaker+David+Cronenberg+Discusses+His+Influences+-+Nymag&rft.date=2005-09-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnymag.com%2Fnymetro%2Fmovies%2Ffeatures%2F14547%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210613043527/http://cronenbergmuseum.tiff.net/science_transcription_06-science_transcript_06-eng.html">"David Cronenberg: Virtual Exhibition"</a>. <i>cronenbergmuseum.tiff.net</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cronenbergmuseum.tiff.net/science_transcription_06-science_transcript_06-eng.html">the original</a> on June 13, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cronenbergmuseum.tiff.net&rft.atitle=David+Cronenberg%3A+Virtual+Exhibition&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcronenbergmuseum.tiff.net%2Fscience_transcription_06-science_transcript_06-eng.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.digitalspy.com/movies/a448221/david-cronenberg-superhero-movies-are-adolescent-at-the-core/">"Cronenberg: Superhero films are adolescent"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Digital_Spy" title="Digital Spy">Digital Spy</a></i>. January 3, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Digital+Spy&rft.atitle=Cronenberg%3A+Superhero+films+are+adolescent&rft.date=2013-01-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.digitalspy.com%2Fmovies%2Fa448221%2Fdavid-cronenberg-superhero-movies-are-adolescent-at-the-core%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-indiewire.com-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-indiewire.com_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-indiewire.com_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCunningham2013" class="citation web cs1">Cunningham, Joe (May 6, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.indiewire.com/2013/05/watch-90-minute-discussion-with-david-cronenberg-about-his-career-films-inspirations-much-more-98530/">"Watch: 90-Minute Discussion With David Cronenberg About His Career, Films, Inspirations & Much More"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Watch%3A+90-Minute+Discussion+With+David+Cronenberg+About+His+Career%2C+Films%2C+Inspirations+%26+Much+More&rft.date=2013-05-06&rft.aulast=Cunningham&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiewire.com%2F2013%2F05%2Fwatch-90-minute-discussion-with-david-cronenberg-about-his-career-films-inspirations-much-more-98530%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/film/2014/sep/14/david-cronenberg-interview-my-imagination-not-a-place-of-horror">"David Cronenberg: 'My imagination is not a place of horror'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>the Guardian</i>. September 13, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=the+Guardian&rft.atitle=David+Cronenberg%3A+%27My+imagination+is+not+a+place+of+horror%27&rft.date=2014-09-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ffilm%2F2014%2Fsep%2F14%2Fdavid-cronenberg-interview-my-imagination-not-a-place-of-horror&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLacey2012" class="citation news cs1">Lacey, Liam (May 21, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theglobeandmail.com/arts/film/the-cronenbergs-dark-art-just-runs-in-the-family/article4198336/">"The Cronenbergs: Dark art just runs in the family"</a>. <i>The Globe and Mail</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Globe+and+Mail&rft.atitle=The+Cronenbergs%3A+Dark+art+just+runs+in+the+family&rft.date=2012-05-21&rft.aulast=Lacey&rft.aufirst=Liam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theglobeandmail.com%2Farts%2Ffilm%2Fthe-cronenbergs-dark-art-just-runs-in-the-family%2Farticle4198336%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210613042635/http://cronenbergmuseum.tiff.net/tiff_01-eng.html">"David Cronenberg: Virtual Exhibition"</a>. <i>cronenbergmuseum.tiff.net</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cronenbergmuseum.tiff.net/tiff_01-eng.html">the original</a> on June 13, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cronenbergmuseum.tiff.net&rft.atitle=David+Cronenberg%3A+Virtual+Exhibition&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcronenbergmuseum.tiff.net%2Ftiff_01-eng.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERodley19971–2-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERodley19971–2_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRodley1997">Rodley 1997</a>, pp. 1–2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERodley199717-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERodley199717_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRodley1997">Rodley 1997</a>, p. 17.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERodley199713-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERodley199713_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRodley1997">Rodley 1997</a>, p. 13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERodley199715-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERodley199715_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRodley1997">Rodley 1997</a>, p. 15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJanet_Maslin1983" class="citation web cs1">Janet Maslin (February 4, 1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9D0CE6D9103BF937A35751C0A965948260">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'VIDEODROME,' LURID FANTASIES OF THE TUBE"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 11,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=%27VIDEODROME%2C%27+LURID+FANTASIES+OF+THE+TUBE&rft.date=1983-02-04&rft.au=Janet+Maslin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Fmovie%2Freview%3Fres%3D9D0CE6D9103BF937A35751C0A965948260&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030401142610/http://filmfreakcentral.net/notes/dcronenbergretrointerview.htm">"David Cronenberg Re-Examines David Cronenberg"</a>. Film Freak Central. March 9, 2003. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.filmfreakcentral.net/notes/dcronenbergretrointerview.htm">the original</a> on April 1, 2003<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 9,</span> 2003</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=David+Cronenberg+Re-Examines+David+Cronenberg&rft.pub=Film+Freak+Central&rft.date=2003-03-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.filmfreakcentral.net%2Fnotes%2Fdcronenbergretrointerview.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrowning,_Mark2007" class="citation book cs1">Browning, Mark (2007). <i>David Cronenberg: Author or Film-maker?</i>. Intellect Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84150-173-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84150-173-4"><bdi>978-1-84150-173-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=David+Cronenberg%3A+Author+or+Film-maker%3F&rft.pub=Intellect+Books&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-84150-173-4&rft.au=Browning%2C+Mark&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSelf2015" class="citation news cs1">Self, Will (June 17, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v37/n12/will-self/man-eating-philosophers">"Man-Eating Philosophers"</a>. <i>London Review of Books</i>. Vol. 37, no. 12. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0260-9592">0260-9592</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 12,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=London+Review+of+Books&rft.atitle=Man-Eating+Philosophers&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=12&rft.date=2015-06-17&rft.issn=0260-9592&rft.aulast=Self&rft.aufirst=Will&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lrb.co.uk%2Fthe-paper%2Fv37%2Fn12%2Fwill-self%2Fman-eating-philosophers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGordon,_Bette1989" class="citation news cs1">Gordon, Bette (Winter 1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bombmagazine.org/articles/david-cronenberg/">"David Cronenberg"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BOMB_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="BOMB Magazine">BOMB Magazine</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 18,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BOMB+Magazine&rft.atitle=David+Cronenberg&rft.ssn=winter&rft.date=1989&rft.au=Gordon%2C+Bette&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbombmagazine.org%2Farticles%2Fdavid-cronenberg%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050514233203/http://www.slate.com/id/2118602/fr/nl/">"Double Trouble"</a>. <i>Slate</i>. May 12, 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.slate.com/id/2118602/fr/nl/">the original</a> on May 14, 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 13,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Slate&rft.atitle=Double+Trouble&rft.date=2005-05-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.slate.com%2Fid%2F2118602%2Ffr%2Fnl%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhipps2003" class="citation web cs1">Phipps, Keith (March 12, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.avclub.com/david-cronenberg-1798208259">"David Cronenberg"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_A.V._Club" title="The A.V. Club">The A.V. Club</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+A.V.+Club&rft.atitle=David+Cronenberg&rft.date=2003-03-12&rft.aulast=Phipps&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.avclub.com%2Fdavid-cronenberg-1798208259&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://theplaylist.blogspot.com/2010/03/viggo-mortensen-replaces-christoph.html">"Viggo Mortensen Replaces Christoph Waltz As Sigmund Freud in David Cronenberg's 'The Talking Cure'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>The Playlist</i>. March 9, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 18,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Playlist&rft.atitle=Viggo+Mortensen+Replaces+Christoph+Waltz+As+Sigmund+Freud+in+David+Cronenberg%27s+%27The+Talking+Cure%27&rft.date=2010-03-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftheplaylist.blogspot.com%2F2010%2F03%2Fviggo-mortensen-replaces-christoph.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.empireonline.com/News/story.asp?nid=26588">"Keira Knightley Takes The Talking Cure"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Empire_(magazine)" title="Empire (magazine)">Empire</a></i>. December 23, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 18,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Empire&rft.atitle=Keira+Knightley+Takes+The+Talking+Cure&rft.date=2009-12-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.empireonline.com%2FNews%2Fstory.asp%3Fnid%3D26588&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://torontolife.com/culture/cosmopolis-cannes-premier/">"Five things we learned from the Cannes premiere of Cosmopolis"</a>. <i>Toronto Life</i>. May 28, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 14,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Toronto+Life&rft.atitle=Five+things+we+learned+from+the+Cannes+premiere+of+Cosmopolis&rft.date=2012-05-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftorontolife.com%2Fculture%2Fcosmopolis-cannes-premier%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.screendaily.com/reports/one-on-one/paul-webster/5040550.article?blocktitle=One-On-One&contentID=1799">"Paul Webster"</a>. <i>Screen International</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 23,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Screen+International&rft.atitle=Paul+Webster&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.screendaily.com%2Freports%2Fone-on-one%2Fpaul-webster%2F5040550.article%3Fblocktitle%3DOne-On-One%26contentID%3D1799&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaylor2012" class="citation news cs1">Taylor, Drew (December 14, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.indiewire.com/2012/12/exclusive-david-cronenberg-shares-details-of-canceled-eastern-promises-2-the-fly-remake-250273/">"Exclusive: David Cronenberg Shares Details Of Canceled 'Eastern Promises 2' & 'The Fly' Remake"</a>. Penske Business Media, LLC. IndieWire<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 19,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Exclusive%3A+David+Cronenberg+Shares+Details+Of+Canceled+%27Eastern+Promises+2%27+%26+%27The+Fly%27+Remake&rft.date=2012-12-14&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=Drew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiewire.com%2F2012%2F12%2Fexclusive-david-cronenberg-shares-details-of-canceled-eastern-promises-2-the-fly-remake-250273%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deadline.com/2013/04/david-cronenberg-julianne-moore-john-cusack-robert-pattinson-maps-to-the-stars-entertainment-one-477706/">"David Cronenberg's 'Maps to the Stars' Finds Julianne Moore, John Cusack & EOne"</a>. Deadline Hollywood<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 4,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=David+Cronenberg%27s+%27Maps+to+the+Stars%27+Finds+Julianne+Moore%2C+John+Cusack+%26+EOne&rft.pub=Deadline+Hollywood&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdeadline.com%2F2013%2F04%2Fdavid-cronenberg-julianne-moore-john-cusack-robert-pattinson-maps-to-the-stars-entertainment-one-477706%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130424030004/http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/julianne-moore-john-cusack-sarah-gadon-join-robert-pattinson-in-david-cronenbergs-maps-to-the-stars-20130418">"Julianne Moore, John Cusack & Sarah Gadon Join Robert Pattinson in David Cronenberg's 'Map to the Stars'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>IndieWire</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/julianne-moore-john-cusack-sarah-gadon-join-robert-pattinson-in-david-cronenbergs-maps-to-the-stars-20130418">the original</a> on April 24, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 4,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IndieWire&rft.atitle=Julianne+Moore%2C+John+Cusack+%26+Sarah+Gadon+Join+Robert+Pattinson+in+David+Cronenberg%27s+%27Map+to+the+Stars%27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.indiewire.com%2Ftheplaylist%2Fjulianne-moore-john-cusack-sarah-gadon-join-robert-pattinson-in-david-cronenbergs-maps-to-the-stars-20130418&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.screendaily.com/news/production/cronenberg-starts-maps-shoot/5058318.article#.UeRHiRx5XpE.twitter">"Cronenberg starts Maps shoot"</a>. <i>Screen Daily</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 16,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Screen+Daily&rft.atitle=Cronenberg+starts+Maps+shoot&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.screendaily.com%2Fnews%2Fproduction%2Fcronenberg-starts-maps-shoot%2F5058318.article%23.UeRHiRx5XpE.twitter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/david-cronenberg-talks-cosmopolis-robert-pattinson-his-novel-and-what-he-really-thought-of-dark-knight-rises-20130103">"David Cronenberg Says His Novel May Arrive in 2013, Talks Working With Robert Pattinson, 'Map to the Stars' & More"</a>. <i>IndieWire</i>. January 3, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 27,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IndieWire&rft.atitle=David+Cronenberg+Says+His+Novel+May+Arrive+in+2013%2C+Talks+Working+With+Robert+Pattinson%2C+%27Map+to+the+Stars%27+%26+More&rft.date=2013-01-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.indiewire.com%2Ftheplaylist%2Fdavid-cronenberg-talks-cosmopolis-robert-pattinson-his-novel-and-what-he-really-thought-of-dark-knight-rises-20130103&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140627235057/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cp8IU1PcThQ"><i>IFFR presents: The Nest by David Cronenberg</i></a>. YouTube. June 26, 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cp8IU1PcThQ#t=530">the original</a> on June 27, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=IFFR+presents%3A+The+Nest+by+David+Cronenberg&rft.pub=YouTube&rft.date=2014-06-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Dcp8IU1PcThQ%23t%3D530&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPevere" class="citation news cs1">Pevere, Geoff. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.quillandquire.com/authors/david-cronenbergs-consuming-obsession/">"David Cronenberg's consuming obsession"</a>. <i>Quill and Quire</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 16,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quill+and+Quire&rft.atitle=David+Cronenberg%27s+consuming+obsession&rft.aulast=Pevere&rft.aufirst=Geoff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.quillandquire.com%2Fauthors%2Fdavid-cronenbergs-consuming-obsession%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNordine2016" class="citation web cs1">Nordine, Michael (May 12, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.indiewire.com/2016/05/david-cronenberg-why-hes-considering-retiring-from-filmmaking-290720/">"David Cronenberg: Why He's Considering Retiring From Filmmaking"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=David+Cronenberg%3A+Why+He%27s+Considering+Retiring+From+Filmmaking&rft.date=2016-05-12&rft.aulast=Nordine&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiewire.com%2F2016%2F05%2Fdavid-cronenberg-why-hes-considering-retiring-from-filmmaking-290720%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nowtoronto.com/movies/david-cronenberg-kisses-his-own-dead-body-in-nft-short-film">"David Cronenberg kisses his own dead body in NFT short film"</a>. September 16, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=David+Cronenberg+kisses+his+own+dead+body+in+NFT+short+film&rft.date=2021-09-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnowtoronto.com%2Fmovies%2Fdavid-cronenberg-kisses-his-own-dead-body-in-nft-short-film&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://superrare.com/artwork-v2/the-death-of-david-cronenberg-28414">"SuperRare | NFT Art | NFT Art Marketplace | Digital Art"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SuperRare+%26%23124%3B+NFT+Art+%26%23124%3B+NFT+Art+Marketplace+%26%23124%3B+Digital+Art&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsuperrare.com%2Fartwork-v2%2Fthe-death-of-david-cronenberg-28414&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collider.com/viggo-mortensen-david-cronenberg-new-movie/">"Viggo Mortensen Teases David Cronenberg Reunion — A "Strange Film Noir"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Collider</i>. February 1, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Collider&rft.atitle=Viggo+Mortensen+Teases+David+Cronenberg+Reunion+%E2%80%94+A+%22Strange+Film+Noir%22&rft.date=2021-02-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcollider.com%2Fviggo-mortensen-david-cronenberg-new-movie%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pnws-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pnws_46-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pnws_46-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://primenews.pl/rozrywka/film/2021/04/29/david-cronenberg-crimes-of-the-future-nowy-film/">"David Cronenberg returns with a new material. The production of 'Crimes of the Future' is set to begin soon"</a>. <i>Prime News</i>. Virtual Press Sp. z o.o. April 29, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 29,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Prime+News&rft.atitle=David+Cronenberg+returns+with+a+new+material.+The+production+of+%27Crimes+of+the+Future%27+is+set+to+begin+soon&rft.date=2021-04-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fprimenews.pl%2Frozrywka%2Ffilm%2F2021%2F04%2F29%2Fdavid-cronenberg-crimes-of-the-future-nowy-film%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSharf2021" class="citation web cs1">Sharf, Zack (April 29, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.indiewire.com/2021/04/david-cronenberg-sci-fi-movie-crimes-of-the-future-shoot-1234633841/">"David Cronenberg Returns: Sci-Fi Movie 'Crimes of the Future' Sets 30-Day Shoot in Greece"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=David+Cronenberg+Returns%3A+Sci-Fi+Movie+%27Crimes+of+the+Future%27+Sets+30-Day+Shoot+in+Greece&rft.date=2021-04-29&rft.aulast=Sharf&rft.aufirst=Zack&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiewire.com%2F2021%2F04%2Fdavid-cronenberg-sci-fi-movie-crimes-of-the-future-shoot-1234633841%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deadline.com/2022/05/crimes-of-the-future-cannes-premiere-1235030273/">"David Cronenberg's 'Crimes Of The Future' Nabs Six-Minute Standing Ovation At Cannes World Premiere"</a>. Deadline. May 23, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=David+Cronenberg%27s+%27Crimes+Of+The+Future%27+Nabs+Six-Minute+Standing+Ovation+At+Cannes+World+Premiere&rft.pub=Deadline&rft.date=2022-05-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdeadline.com%2F2022%2F05%2Fcrimes-of-the-future-cannes-premiere-1235030273%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.festival-cannes.com/en/press/press-releases/the-films-of-the-official-selection-2024/">"The films of the Official Selection 2024"</a>. <i>Festival de Cannes</i>. April 11, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 26,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Festival+de+Cannes&rft.atitle=The+films+of+the+Official+Selection+2024&rft.date=2024-04-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.festival-cannes.com%2Fen%2Fpress%2Fpress-releases%2Fthe-films-of-the-official-selection-2024%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTupper2012" class="citation web cs1">Tupper, Peter (January 18, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thetyee.ca/ArtsAndCulture/2012/01/18/David-Cronenberg/">"Can David Cronenberg Still Provoke?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Tyee" title="The Tyee">The Tyee</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 21,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Tyee&rft.atitle=Can+David+Cronenberg+Still+Provoke%3F&rft.date=2012-01-18&rft.aulast=Tupper&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthetyee.ca%2FArtsAndCulture%2F2012%2F01%2F18%2FDavid-Cronenberg%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERodley199792-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERodley199792_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRodley1997">Rodley 1997</a>, p. 92.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERodley1997119-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERodley1997119_52-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERodley1997119_52-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRodley1997">Rodley 1997</a>, p. 119.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERodley1997116-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERodley1997116_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRodley1997">Rodley 1997</a>, p. 116.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERodley1997136-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERodley1997136_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRodley1997">Rodley 1997</a>, p. 136.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cronenberg,_David_1992-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cronenberg,_David_1992_55-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cronenberg,_David_1992_55-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCronenberg,_David1992" class="citation book cs1">Cronenberg, David (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/901380.Cronenberg_On_Cronenberg"><i>Cronenberg on Cronenberg</i></a>. Faber & Faber. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780571144365" title="Special:BookSources/9780571144365"><bdi>9780571144365</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cronenberg+on+Cronenberg&rft.pub=Faber+%26+Faber&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=9780571144365&rft.au=Cronenberg%2C+David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.goodreads.com%2Fbook%2Fshow%2F901380.Cronenberg_On_Cronenberg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCann1993" class="citation news cs1">McCann, Wendy (August 26, 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/article/star-phoenix/154002503/">"Cronenberg brings brand of terror to CBC series"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_StarPhoenix" title="The StarPhoenix">The StarPhoenix</a></i>. p. D2. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240826230329/https://www.newspapers.com/article/star-phoenix/154002503/">Archived</a> from the original on August 26, 2024 – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+StarPhoenix&rft.atitle=Cronenberg+brings+brand+of+terror+to+CBC+series&rft.pages=D2&rft.date=1993-08-26&rft.aulast=McCann&rft.aufirst=Wendy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Farticle%2Fstar-phoenix%2F154002503%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-toronto-star/154063707/">"Cronenberg to produce suspense TV series"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Toronto_Star" title="Toronto Star">Toronto Star</a></i>. August 26, 1993. p. B4. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240826230431/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-toronto-star/154063707/">Archived</a> from the original on August 26, 2024 – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toronto+Star&rft.atitle=Cronenberg+to+produce+suspense+TV+series&rft.pages=B4&rft.date=1993-08-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Farticle%2Fthe-toronto-star%2F154063707%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUntoldHorror" class="citation web cs1">UntoldHorror. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.untoldhorror.ca/2017/03/15/versions-of-the-fly-that-didnt-fly/">"Versions of The Fly that Didn't Fly"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 29,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Versions+of+The+Fly+that+Didn%27t+Fly&rft.au=UntoldHorror&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.untoldhorror.ca%2F2017%2F03%2F15%2Fversions-of-the-fly-that-didnt-fly%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-carolyn-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-carolyn_59-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-carolyn_59-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/carolyn-cronenberg-dead-film-editor-david-cronenbergs-wife-was-66-1018686">"Carolyn Cronenberg, Film Editor and Wife of David Cronenberg, Dies at 66"</a>. <i>The Hollywood Reporter</i>. July 5, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hollywood+Reporter&rft.atitle=Carolyn+Cronenberg%2C+Film+Editor+and+Wife+of+David+Cronenberg%2C+Dies+at+66&rft.date=2017-07-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hollywoodreporter.com%2Fnews%2Fcarolyn-cronenberg-dead-film-editor-david-cronenbergs-wife-was-66-1018686&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMottram,_James2007" class="citation news cs1">Mottram, James (October 21, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/features/david-cronenberg-im-not-ready-to-embrace-hollywood-respectability-quite-yet-397311.html">"David Cronenberg: 'I'm not ready to embrace Hollywood respectability quite yet"</a>. <i>The Independent</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 8,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=David+Cronenberg%3A+%27I%27m+not+ready+to+embrace+Hollywood+respectability+quite+yet&rft.date=2007-10-21&rft.au=Mottram%2C+James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Farts-entertainment%2Ffilms%2Ffeatures%2Fdavid-cronenberg-im-not-ready-to-embrace-hollywood-respectability-quite-yet-397311.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECronenberg199284-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECronenberg199284_61-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCronenberg1992">Cronenberg 1992</a>, p. 84.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Henry-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Henry_62-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Henry_62-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Henry_62-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHenry_Barnes2013" class="citation news cs1">Henry Barnes (September 12, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/film/2013/sep/12/david-cronenberg-suicide-fantastic-exit?CMP=EMCNEWEML6619I2&et_cid=48826&et_rid=7107573&Linkid=http%3a%2f%2fwww.theguardian.com%2ffilm%2f2013%2fsep%2f12%2fdavid-cronenberg-suicide-fantastic-exit">"David Cronenberg: 'I never thought of myself as a prophet'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 13,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=David+Cronenberg%3A+%27I+never+thought+of+myself+as+a+prophet%27&rft.date=2013-09-12&rft.au=Henry+Barnes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ffilm%2F2013%2Fsep%2F12%2Fdavid-cronenberg-suicide-fantastic-exit%3FCMP%3DEMCNEWEML6619I2%26et_cid%3D48826%26et_rid%3D7107573%26Linkid%3Dhttp%253a%252f%252fwww.theguardian.com%252ffilm%252f2013%252fsep%252f12%252fdavid-cronenberg-suicide-fantastic-exit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuttsman,_Janet2007" class="citation news cs1">Guttsman, Janet (September 10, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/entertainmentNews/idUSN0824644320070910">"Cronenberg gets down and dirty with Russian mob"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Cronenberg+gets+down+and+dirty+with+Russian+mob&rft.date=2007-09-10&rft.au=Guttsman%2C+Janet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FentertainmentNews%2FidUSN0824644320070910&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span> "I'm an atheist," Cronenberg said."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Interview". <i>Esquire</i>. February 1992.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Esquire&rft.atitle=Interview&rft.date=1992-02&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span> "I'm simply a nonbeliever and have been forever. ... I'm interested in saying, 'Let us discuss the existential question. We are all going to die, that is the end of all consciousness. There is no afterlife. There is no God. Now what do we do.' That's the point where it starts getting interesting to me."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cinephiliabeyond.org/a-history-of-violence/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'A History of Violence': David Cronenberg's Superb Study of the Basic Impulses that Drive Humanity • Cinephilia & Beyond"</a>. <i>Cinephilia & Beyond</i>. February 9, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cinephilia+%26+Beyond&rft.atitle=%27A+History+of+Violence%27%3A+David+Cronenberg%27s+Superb+Study+of+the+Basic+Impulses+that+Drive+Humanity+%E2%80%A2+Cinephilia+%26+Beyond&rft.date=2018-02-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcinephiliabeyond.org%2Fa-history-of-violence%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211029/dDE8HDjTN1Q">"Cronenberg on Cronenberg / April 29, 2013"</a>. November 24, 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dDE8HDjTN1Q">the original</a> on October 29, 2021 – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cronenberg+on+Cronenberg+%2F+April+29%2C+2013&rft.date=2011-11-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DdDE8HDjTN1Q&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJeremy_Adam_Smith2004" class="citation news cs1">Jeremy Adam Smith (April 19, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://strangehorizons.com/non-fiction/articles/the-ten-best-science-fiction-film-directors">"The Ten Best Science Fiction Film Directors"</a>. <i>strangehorizons.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 19,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=strangehorizons.com&rft.atitle=The+Ten+Best+Science+Fiction+Film+Directors&rft.date=2004-04-19&rft.au=Jeremy+Adam+Smith&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstrangehorizons.com%2Fnon-fiction%2Farticles%2Fthe-ten-best-science-fiction-film-directors&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://film.guardian.co.uk/features/page/0,11456,1082823,00.html">"The world's 40 best directors"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. London<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 18,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=The+world%27s+40+best+directors&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffilm.guardian.co.uk%2Ffeatures%2Fpage%2F0%2C11456%2C1082823%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.totalfilm.com/features/the_greatest_directors_ever_-_part_2">"Greatest Directors Ever"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Total_Film" title="Total Film">Total Film</a></i>. August 20, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 18,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Total+Film&rft.atitle=Greatest+Directors+Ever&rft.date=2007-08-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.totalfilm.com%2Ffeatures%2Fthe_greatest_directors_ever_-_part_2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-americanhorrors-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-americanhorrors_70-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDerry1987" class="citation cs2">Derry, Charles (1987), "More Dark Dreams: Some Notes on the Recent Horror Film", in Waller, Gregory (ed.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/americanhorrorse0000unse/page/173"><i>American Horrors: Essays on the Modern American Horror Film</i></a>, Chicago: University of Illinois Press, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/americanhorrorse0000unse/page/173">173</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-252-01448-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-252-01448-0"><bdi>0-252-01448-0</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=More+Dark+Dreams%3A+Some+Notes+on+the+Recent+Horror+Film&rft.btitle=American+Horrors%3A+Essays+on+the+Modern+American+Horror+Film&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pages=173&rft.pub=University+of+Illinois+Press&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=0-252-01448-0&rft.aulast=Derry&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Famericanhorrorse0000unse%2Fpage%2F173&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-festival-cannes.com-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-festival-cannes.com_71-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120805012125/http://www.festival-cannes.com/en/archives/ficheFilm/id/4682/year/1996.html">"Festival de Cannes: Crash"</a>. <i>festival-cannes.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.festival-cannes.com/en/archives/ficheFilm/id/4682/year/1996.html">the original</a> on August 5, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 15,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=festival-cannes.com&rft.atitle=Festival+de+Cannes%3A+Crash&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.festival-cannes.com%2Fen%2Farchives%2FficheFilm%2Fid%2F4682%2Fyear%2F1996.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060826110041/http://www.canadaswalkoffame.com/inductees/99_david_cronenberg.xml.htm">"David Cronenberg, film director, Cannes Film Festival winner"</a>. <i>Canada's Walk of Fame</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.canadaswalkoffame.com/inductees/99_david_cronenberg.xml.htm">the original</a> on August 26, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Canada%27s+Walk+of+Fame&rft.atitle=David+Cronenberg%2C+film+director%2C+Cannes+Film+Festival+winner&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.canadaswalkoffame.com%2Finductees%2F99_david_cronenberg.xml.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Berlinale1999-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Berlinale1999_73-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140327024128/http://www.berlinale.de/en/archiv/jahresarchive/1999/03_preistr_ger_1999/03_Preistraeger_1999.html">"Berlinale: 1999 Prize Winners"</a>. <i>berlinale.de</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.berlinale.de/en/archiv/jahresarchive/1999/03_preistr_ger_1999/03_Preistraeger_1999.html">the original</a> on March 27, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 29,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=berlinale.de&rft.atitle=Berlinale%3A+1999+Prize+Winners&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.berlinale.de%2Fen%2Farchiv%2Fjahresarchive%2F1999%2F03_preistr_ger_1999%2F03_Preistraeger_1999.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ggpaa.ca/award-recipients/1999/cronenberg-david.aspx">"David Cronenberg biography"</a>. Governor General's Performing Arts Awards Foundation<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 4,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=David+Cronenberg+biography&rft.pub=Governor+General%27s+Performing+Arts+Awards+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fggpaa.ca%2Faward-recipients%2F1999%2Fcronenberg-david.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gg.ca/document.aspx?id=15694&lan=eng">"Order of Canada Appointments"</a>. June 30, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 1,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Order+of+Canada+Appointments&rft.date=2014-06-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gg.ca%2Fdocument.aspx%3Fid%3D15694%26lan%3Deng&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDupont2006" class="citation news cs1">Dupont, Joan (May 19, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2006/05/19/arts/19iht-dupont.html">"Cronenberg: An intellectual with ominous powers"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 30,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Cronenberg%3A+An+intellectual+with+ominous+powers&rft.date=2006-05-19&rft.aulast=Dupont&rft.aufirst=Joan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2006%2F05%2F19%2Farts%2F19iht-dupont.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/news/entertainment/cronenberg-to-receive-france-s-l%C3%A9gion-d-honneur-1.791376">"Cronenberg to receive France's Légion d'honneur"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Canadian Broadcasting Corporation">Canadian Broadcasting Corporation</a>. March 12, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090405171050/http://www.cbc.ca/arts/film/story/2009/03/12/cronenberg-france.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 5, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 25,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Cronenberg+to+receive+France%27s+L%C3%A9gion+d%27honneur&rft.date=2009-03-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fentertainment%2Fcronenberg-to-receive-france-s-l%25C3%25A9gion-d-honneur-1.791376&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/david-cronenberg">"David Cronenberg | The Canadian Encyclopedia"</a>. <i>www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 25,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca&rft.atitle=David+Cronenberg+%7C+The+Canadian+Encyclopedia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca%2Fen%2Farticle%2Fdavid-cronenberg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/news/entertainment/diamond-jubilee-gala-toasts-exceptional-canadians-1.1226414">"Diamond Jubilee Gala toasts exceptional Canadians"</a>. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. June 18, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 19,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Diamond+Jubilee+Gala+toasts+exceptional+Canadians&rft.date=2012-06-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fentertainment%2Fdiamond-jubilee-gala-toasts-exceptional-canadians-1.1226414&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130909055438/http://tiff.net/cronenbergparty">"Evolution"</a>. <i>tiff</i>. Toronto International Film Festival Inc. September 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tiff.net/cronenbergparty">the original</a> on September 9, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 13,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tiff.&rft.atitle=Evolution&rft.date=2013-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftiff.net%2Fcronenbergparty&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.ontario.ca/mci/en/2014/01/new-appointees-to-the-order-of-ontario.html">"New Appointees to the Order of Ontario"</a>. January 23, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+Appointees+to+the+Order+of+Ontario&rft.date=2014-01-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.ontario.ca%2Fmci%2Fen%2F2014%2F01%2Fnew-appointees-to-the-order-of-ontario.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.adnkronos.com/intrattenimento/spettacolo/2018/04/19/david-cronenberg-leone-oro-alla-carriera_OYgfPwjzOSxyHIyKUkDJQO.html">"A David Cronenberg il Leone d'oro alla Carriera"</a>. April 19, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+David+Cronenberg+il+Leone+d%27oro+alla+Carriera&rft.date=2018-04-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.adnkronos.com%2Fintrattenimento%2Fspettacolo%2F2018%2F04%2F19%2Fdavid-cronenberg-leone-oro-alla-carriera_OYgfPwjzOSxyHIyKUkDJQO.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Cronenberg&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCronenberg1992" class="citation book cs1">Cronenberg, David (1992). Rodley, Chris (ed.). <i>Cronenberg on Cronenberg</i> (1st ed.). Faber & Faber. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-571-14436-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-571-14436-5"><bdi>978-0-571-14436-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cronenberg+on+Cronenberg&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Faber+%26+Faber&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0-571-14436-5&rft.aulast=Cronenberg&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCronenberg1997" class="citation book cs1">Cronenberg, David (1997). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/crash00cron"><i>Crash</i></a></span>. Faber and Faber. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-571-19127-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-571-19127-4"><bdi>0-571-19127-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Crash&rft.pub=Faber+and+Faber&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-571-19127-4&rft.aulast=Cronenberg&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcrash00cron&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCronenberg1999" class="citation book cs1">Cronenberg, David (1999). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/davidcronenbergs0000cron"><i>eXistenZ: A Graphic Novel</i></a></span>. Key Porter Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55263-027-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-55263-027-7"><bdi>1-55263-027-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=eXistenZ%3A+A+Graphic+Novel&rft.pub=Key+Porter+Books&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=1-55263-027-7&rft.aulast=Cronenberg&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdavidcronenbergs0000cron&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCronenberg2002" class="citation book cs1">Cronenberg, David (2002). <i>David Cronenberg: Collected Screenplays 1: Stereo, Crimes of the Future, Shivers, Rabid</i>. Faber and Faber. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-571-21017-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-571-21017-1"><bdi>0-571-21017-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=David+Cronenberg%3A+Collected+Screenplays+1%3A+Stereo%2C+Crimes+of+the+Future%2C+Shivers%2C+Rabid&rft.pub=Faber+and+Faber&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-571-21017-1&rft.aulast=Cronenberg&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCronenberg,_David2005" class="citation book cs1">Cronenberg, David (2005). <i><a href="/wiki/Red_Cars" title="Red Cars">Red Cars</a></i>. Volumina Artbooks. Bologna, Italia: Associazione culturale Volumina. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-88-901996-8-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-88-901996-8-4"><bdi>978-88-901996-8-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Red+Cars&rft.place=Bologna%2C+Italia&rft.series=Volumina+Artbooks&rft.pub=Associazione+culturale+Volumina&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-88-901996-8-4&rft.au=Cronenberg%2C+David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCronenberg2014" class="citation book cs1">Cronenberg, David (2014). <i><a href="/wiki/Consumed_(novel)" title="Consumed (novel)">Consumed: A Novel</a></i>. Scribner. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-416-59613-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-416-59613-4"><bdi>978-1-416-59613-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Consumed%3A+A+Novel&rft.pub=Scribner&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-416-59613-4&rft.aulast=Cronenberg&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrünberg,_SergeCronenberg,_David2005" class="citation book cs1">Grünberg, Serge & Cronenberg, David (2005). <i>David Cronenberg: Interviews with Serge Grünberg</i>. Plexus Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85965-376-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-85965-376-5"><bdi>0-85965-376-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=David+Cronenberg%3A+Interviews+with+Serge+Gr%C3%BCnberg&rft.pub=Plexus+Publishing&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-85965-376-5&rft.au=Gr%C3%BCnberg%2C+Serge&rft.au=Cronenberg%2C+David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRodley1997" class="citation book cs1">Rodley, Chris, ed. (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cronenbergoncron0000cron"><i>Cronenberg on Cronenberg</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Faber_and_Faber" class="mw-redirect" title="Faber and Faber">Faber and Faber</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0571191371" title="Special:BookSources/0571191371"><bdi>0571191371</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cronenberg+on+Cronenberg&rft.pub=Faber+and+Faber&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0571191371&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcronenbergoncron0000cron&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDreibrodt,_Thomas_J._Dreibrodt2000" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Dreibrodt, Thomas J. Dreibrodt (2000). <i>Lang lebe das neue Fleisch. Die Filme von David Cronenberg – von 'Shivers' bis 'eXistenZ'<span></span></i> (in German). Paragon-Verlag. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-932872-05-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-932872-05-1"><bdi>978-3-932872-05-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lang+lebe+das+neue+Fleisch.+Die+Filme+von+David+Cronenberg+%E2%80%93+von+%27Shivers%27+bis+%27eXistenZ%27&rft.pub=Paragon-Verlag&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-3-932872-05-1&rft.au=Dreibrodt%2C+Thomas+J.+Dreibrodt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHandling,_Piers1983" class="citation book cs1">Handling, Piers (1983). <i>The Shape of Rage: The Films of David Cronenberg</i>. General Publishing Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7736-1137-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7736-1137-5"><bdi>978-0-7736-1137-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Shape+of+Rage%3A+The+Films+of+David+Cronenberg&rft.pub=General+Publishing+Company&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=978-0-7736-1137-5&rft.au=Handling%2C+Piers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHumm,_Maggie1997" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Maggie_Humm" title="Maggie Humm">Humm, Maggie</a> (1997). "Cronenberg's Films and Feminist Theories of Mothering". <i>Feminism and Film</i>. Edinburgh University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-253-21146-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-253-21146-0"><bdi>978-0-253-21146-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Feminism+and+Film&rft.atitle=Cronenberg%27s+Films+and+Feminist+Theories+of+Mothering&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-253-21146-0&rft.au=Humm%2C+Maggie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNewman,_Kim1989" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Kim_Newman" title="Kim Newman">Newman, Kim</a> (1989). <i>Nightmare Movies: A Critical History of the Horror Film 1968–1988</i>. Harmony Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-517-57366-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-517-57366-2"><bdi>978-0-517-57366-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nightmare+Movies%3A+A+Critical+History+of+the+Horror+Film+1968%E2%80%931988&rft.pub=Harmony+Books&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0-517-57366-2&rft.au=Newman%2C+Kim&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobnik,_Drehli_RobnikPalm,_Michael1992" class="citation book cs1">Robnik, Drehli Robnik; Palm, Michael, eds. (1992). <i>Und das Wort ist Fleisch geworden. Texte über Filme von David Cronenberg</i>. Vienna: PVS. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-901196-02-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-901196-02-7"><bdi>978-3-901196-02-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Und+das+Wort+ist+Fleisch+geworden.+Texte+%C3%BCber+Filme+von+David+Cronenberg&rft.place=Vienna&rft.pub=PVS&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-3-901196-02-7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADavid+Cronenberg" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=David_Cronenberg&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/David_Cronenberg" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/David Cronenberg">David Cronenberg</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000343/">David Cronenberg</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55422#P345" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://litreactor.com/columns/behold-the-unfilmable-the-literary-adaptations-of-david-cronenberg/">The Literary Adaptations of David Cronenberg</a> (via LitReactor, 2011)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/MRC/cronenberg.html">David Cronenberg Bibliography</a> (via UC Berkeley)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2005/09/18/magazine/18cronenberg.html?pagewanted=all">David Cronenberg Profile</a> by <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times_Magazine" title="The New York Times Magazine">The New York Times Magazine</a></i> (September 2005)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.channel4.com/film/media/video/I/italian_machine_lg_01.ram"><i>Teleplay</i> episode "The Italian Machine" online</a> at the Channel4 website (<a href="/wiki/RealMedia" title="RealMedia">RealMedia</a>)</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/19px-Video-x-generic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/29px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/38px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Film" title="Portal:Film">Film</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vampire_Smiley.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Vampire_Smiley.png/21px-Vampire_Smiley.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Vampire_Smiley.png/31px-Vampire_Smiley.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Vampire_Smiley.png/41px-Vampire_Smiley.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="555" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Horror" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Horror">Horror</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/21px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/32px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/42px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1200" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Ontario" title="Portal:Ontario">Ontario</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sf-userbox.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Sf-userbox.png/19px-Sf-userbox.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Sf-userbox.png/29px-Sf-userbox.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Sf-userbox.png/38px-Sf-userbox.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Science fiction">Science fiction</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Works_by_David_Cronenberg" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:David_Cronenberg" title="Template:David Cronenberg"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:David_Cronenberg" title="Template talk:David Cronenberg"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:David_Cronenberg" title="Special:EditPage/Template:David Cronenberg"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Works_by_David_Cronenberg" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Works by <a class="mw-selflink selflink">David Cronenberg</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Feature films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Stereo_(1969_film)" title="Stereo (1969 film)">Stereo</a></i> (1969)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Crimes_of_the_Future_(1970_film)" title="Crimes of the Future (1970 film)">Crimes of the Future</a></i> (1970)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shivers_(1975_film)" title="Shivers (1975 film)">Shivers</a></i> (1975)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rabid_(1977_film)" title="Rabid (1977 film)">Rabid</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fast_Company_(1979_film)" title="Fast Company (1979 film)">Fast Company</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Brood" title="The Brood">The Brood</a></i> (1979)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scanners" title="Scanners">Scanners</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Videodrome" title="Videodrome">Videodrome</a></i> (1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dead_Zone_(film)" title="The Dead Zone (film)">The Dead Zone</a></i> (1983)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fly_(1986_film)" title="The Fly (1986 film)">The Fly</a></i> (1986)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dead_Ringers_(film)" title="Dead Ringers (film)">Dead Ringers</a></i> (1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Naked_Lunch_(film)" title="Naked Lunch (film)">Naked Lunch</a></i> (1991)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/M._Butterfly_(film)" title="M. Butterfly (film)">M. Butterfly</a></i> (1993)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Crash_(1996_film)" title="Crash (1996 film)">Crash</a></i> (1996)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Existenz" title="Existenz">Existenz</a></i> (1999)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Spider_(2002_film)" title="Spider (2002 film)">Spider</a></i> (2002)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_History_of_Violence" title="A History of Violence">A History of Violence</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Promises" title="Eastern Promises">Eastern Promises</a></i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Dangerous_Method" title="A Dangerous Method">A Dangerous Method</a></i> (2011)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cosmopolis_(film)" title="Cosmopolis (film)">Cosmopolis</a></i> (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maps_to_the_Stars" title="Maps to the Stars">Maps to the Stars</a></i> (2014)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Crimes_of_the_Future_(2022_film)" title="Crimes of the Future (2022 film)">Crimes of the Future</a></i> (2022)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Shrouds" title="The Shrouds">The Shrouds</a></i> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Short films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Transfer_(1966_film)" title="Transfer (1966 film)">Transfer</a></i> (1966)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/From_the_Drain" title="From the Drain">From the Drain</a></i> (1967)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Camera_(2000_film)" title="Camera (2000 film)">Camera</a></i> (2000)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/At_the_Suicide_of_the_Last_Jew_in_the_World_in_the_Last_Cinema_in_the_World" title="At the Suicide of the Last Jew in the World in the Last Cinema in the World">At the Suicide of the Last Jew in the World in the Last Cinema in the World</a></i> (2007)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Novel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Consumed_(novel)" title="Consumed (novel)">Consumed</a></i> (2014)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Awards_for_David_Cronenberg" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Awards_for_David_Cronenberg" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Awards for David Cronenberg</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Boston_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Screenplay" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #40E0D0"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Boston_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Screenplay" title="Template:Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best Screenplay"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Boston_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Screenplay" title="Template talk:Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best Screenplay"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Boston_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Screenplay" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best Screenplay"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Boston_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Screenplay" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Boston_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Screenplay" title="Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best Screenplay">Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best Screenplay</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #40E0D0;width:1%">Screenplay <br /> (1980–2021)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bo_Goldman" title="Bo Goldman">Bo Goldman</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andre_Gregory" class="mw-redirect" title="Andre Gregory">Andre Gregory</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wallace_Shawn" title="Wallace Shawn">Wallace Shawn</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Levinson" title="Barry Levinson">Barry Levinson</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89ric_Rohmer" title="Éric Rohmer">Éric Rohmer</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Cox" title="Alex Cox">Alex Cox</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_L._Brooks" title="James L. Brooks">James L. Brooks</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Shelton" title="Ron Shelton">Ron Shelton</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Kazan" title="Nicholas Kazan">Nicholas Kazan</a> (1990)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">David Cronenberg</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Jordan" title="Neil Jordan">Neil Jordan</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman">Robert Altman</a> and Frank Barhydt (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Avary" title="Roger Avary">Roger Avary</a> and <a href="/wiki/Quentin_Tarantino" title="Quentin Tarantino">Quentin Tarantino</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Thompson" title="Emma Thompson">Emma Thompson</a> (1995)</li> <li>Joseph Tropiano and <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Tucci" title="Stanley Tucci">Stanley Tucci</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Hanson" title="Curtis Hanson">Curtis Hanson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brian_Helgeland" title="Brian Helgeland">Brian Helgeland</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Frank" title="Scott Frank">Scott Frank</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Kaufman" title="Charlie Kaufman">Charlie Kaufman</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameron_Crowe" title="Cameron Crowe">Cameron Crowe</a> / <a href="/wiki/Steve_Kloves" title="Steve Kloves">Steve Kloves</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Nolan" title="Christopher Nolan">Christopher Nolan</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Kaufman" title="Charlie Kaufman">Charlie and Donald Kaufman</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shari_Springer_Berman_and_Robert_Pulcini" title="Shari Springer Berman and Robert Pulcini">Shari Springer Berman and Robert Pulcini</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Payne" title="Alexander Payne">Alexander Payne</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jim_Taylor_(writer)" title="Jim Taylor (writer)">Jim Taylor</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Futterman" title="Dan Futterman">Dan Futterman</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Monahan" title="William Monahan">William Monahan</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brad_Bird" title="Brad Bird">Brad Bird</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dustin_Lance_Black" title="Dustin Lance Black">Dustin Lance Black</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coen_brothers" title="Coen brothers">Joel Coen and Ethan Coen</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Sorkin" title="Aaron Sorkin">Aaron Sorkin</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Zaillian" title="Steven Zaillian">Steven Zaillian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Sorkin" title="Aaron Sorkin">Aaron Sorkin</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Kushner" title="Tony Kushner">Tony Kushner</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicole_Holofcener" title="Nicole Holofcener">Nicole Holofcener</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Gonz%C3%A1lez_I%C3%B1%C3%A1rritu" title="Alejandro González Iñárritu">Alejandro G. Iñárritu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_Giacobone" title="Nicolás Giacobone">Nicolás Giacobone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Dinelaris_Jr." title="Alexander Dinelaris Jr.">Alexander Dinelaris Jr.</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Armando_B%C3%B3_(screenwriter)" title="Armando Bó (screenwriter)">Armando Bo</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_Linklater" title="Richard Linklater">Richard Linklater</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_McCarthy_(director)" title="Tom McCarthy (director)">Tom McCarthy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Josh_Singer" title="Josh Singer">Josh Singer</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Lonergan" title="Kenneth Lonergan">Kenneth Lonergan</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greta_Gerwig" title="Greta Gerwig">Greta Gerwig</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicole_Holofcener" title="Nicole Holofcener">Nicole Holofcener</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Whitty" title="Jeff Whitty">Jeff Whitty</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quentin_Tarantino" title="Quentin Tarantino">Quentin Tarantino</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Kaufman" title="Charlie Kaufman">Charlie Kaufman</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryusuke_Hamaguchi" title="Ryusuke Hamaguchi">Ryusuke Hamaguchi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Takamasa_Oe" title="Takamasa Oe">Takamasa Oe</a> (2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #40E0D0;width:1%">Original Screenplay <br /> (2022–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Martin_McDonagh" title="Martin McDonagh">Martin McDonagh</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Hemingson" title="David Hemingson">David Hemingson</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #40E0D0;width:1%">Adapted Screenplay <br /> (2022–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kogonada" title="Kogonada">Kogonada</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Glazer" title="Jonathan Glazer">Jonathan Glazer</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Canadian_Screen_Award_for_Best_Director" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:silver"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:ACCT_Best_Director" title="Template:ACCT Best Director"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:ACCT_Best_Director" title="Template talk:ACCT Best Director"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:ACCT_Best_Director" title="Special:EditPage/Template:ACCT Best Director"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Canadian_Screen_Award_for_Best_Director" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Screen_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Canadian Screen Award for Best Director">Canadian Screen Award for Best Director</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:silver;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Film_Awards" title="Canadian Film Awards">Canadian Film Awards</a><br />1966–1978</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Kelly" title="Ron Kelly">Ron Kelly</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allan_King" title="Allan King">Allan King</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ron_Kelly" title="Ron Kelly">Ron Kelly</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Owen_(filmmaker)" title="Don Owen (filmmaker)">Don Owen</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Pearson_(director)" title="Peter Pearson (director)">Peter Pearson</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Almond" title="Paul Almond">Paul Almond</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Jutra" title="Claude Jutra">Claude Jutra</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilles_Carle" title="Gilles Carle">Gilles Carle</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Acomba" title="David Acomba">David Acomba</a> (1973)</li> <li>No Award (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Brault" title="Michel Brault">Michel Brault</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Hart" title="Harvey Hart">Harvey Hart</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Beaudin" title="Jean Beaudin">Jean Beaudin</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daryl_Duke" title="Daryl Duke">Daryl Duke</a> (1978)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:silver;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Genie_Awards" title="Genie Awards">Genie Awards</a><br />1980–2011</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Clark" title="Bob Clark">Bob Clark</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Mankiewicz" title="Francis Mankiewicz">Francis Mankiewicz</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilles_Carle" title="Gilles Carle">Gilles Carle</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phillip_Borsos" title="Phillip Borsos">Phillip Borsos</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Clark" title="Bob Clark">Bob Clark</a> / <a class="mw-selflink selflink">David Cronenberg</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micheline_Lanct%C3%B4t" title="Micheline Lanctôt">Micheline Lanctôt</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandy_Wilson_(director)" title="Sandy Wilson (director)">Sandy Wilson</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denys_Arcand" title="Denys Arcand">Denys Arcand</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Lauzon" title="Jean-Claude Lauzon">Jean-Claude Lauzon</a> (1988)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">David Cronenberg</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denys_Arcand" title="Denys Arcand">Denys Arcand</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Beresford" title="Bruce Beresford">Bruce Beresford</a> (1991)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">David Cronenberg</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Girard" title="François Girard">François Girard</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atom_Egoyan" title="Atom Egoyan">Atom Egoyan</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Lepage" title="Robert Lepage">Robert Lepage</a> (1995)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">David Cronenberg</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atom_Egoyan" title="Atom Egoyan">Atom Egoyan</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Girard" title="François Girard">François Girard</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Podeswa" title="Jeremy Podeswa">Jeremy Podeswa</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Villeneuve" title="Denis Villeneuve">Denis Villeneuve</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zacharias_Kunuk" title="Zacharias Kunuk">Zacharias Kunuk</a> (2001)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">David Cronenberg</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denys_Arcand" title="Denys Arcand">Denys Arcand</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Leclerc" title="Francis Leclerc">Francis Leclerc</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Marc_Vall%C3%A9e" title="Jean-Marc Vallée">Jean-Marc Vallée</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Binam%C3%A9" title="Charles Binamé">Charles Binamé</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Polley" title="Sarah Polley">Sarah Polley</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beno%C3%AEt_Pilon" title="Benoît Pilon">Benoît Pilon</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Villeneuve" title="Denis Villeneuve">Denis Villeneuve</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Villeneuve" title="Denis Villeneuve">Denis Villeneuve</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippe_Falardeau" title="Philippe Falardeau">Philippe Falardeau</a> (2011)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:silver;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Screen_Awards" title="Canadian Screen Awards">Canadian Screen Awards</a><br />2012–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Nguyen" title="Kim Nguyen">Kim Nguyen</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Villeneuve" title="Denis Villeneuve">Denis Villeneuve</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xavier_Dolan" title="Xavier Dolan">Xavier Dolan</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenny_Abrahamson" title="Lenny Abrahamson">Lenny Abrahamson</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xavier_Dolan" title="Xavier Dolan">Xavier Dolan</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aisling_Walsh" title="Aisling Walsh">Aisling Walsh</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jasmin_Mozaffari" title="Jasmin Mozaffari">Jasmin Mozaffari</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elle-M%C3%A1ij%C3%A1_Tailfeathers" title="Elle-Máijá Tailfeathers">Elle-Máijá Tailfeathers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Hepburn" title="Kathleen Hepburn">Kathleen Hepburn</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deepa_Mehta" title="Deepa Mehta">Deepa Mehta</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shasha_Nakhai" title="Shasha Nakhai">Shasha Nakhai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rich_Williamson_(filmmaker)" title="Rich Williamson (filmmaker)">Rich Williamson</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_Virgo" title="Clement Virgo">Clement Virgo</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Johnson_(director)" title="Matt Johnson (director)">Matt Johnson</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cannes_Film_Festival_jury_presidents" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cannes_Film_Festival_jury_presidents" title="Template:Cannes Film Festival jury presidents"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cannes_Film_Festival_jury_presidents" title="Template talk:Cannes Film Festival jury presidents"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cannes_Film_Festival_jury_presidents" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cannes Film Festival jury presidents"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cannes_Film_Festival_jury_presidents" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Cannes_Film_Festival_jury_presidents" title="List of Cannes Film Festival jury presidents">Cannes Film Festival jury presidents</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1946–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Huisman" title="Georges Huisman">Georges Huisman</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Huisman" title="Georges Huisman">Georges Huisman</a> (1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Huisman" title="Georges Huisman">Georges Huisman</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Maurois" title="André Maurois">André Maurois</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Genevoix" title="Maurice Genevoix">Maurice Genevoix</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Cocteau" title="Jean Cocteau">Jean Cocteau</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Cocteau" title="Jean Cocteau">Jean Cocteau</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Pagnol" title="Marcel Pagnol">Marcel Pagnol</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Lehmann" title="Maurice Lehmann">Maurice Lehmann</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Maurois" title="André Maurois">André Maurois</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Achard" title="Marcel Achard">Marcel Achard</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Achard" title="Marcel Achard">Marcel Achard</a> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Simenon" title="Georges Simenon">Georges Simenon</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Giono" title="Jean Giono">Jean Giono</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetsur%C5%8D_Furukaki" title="Tetsurō Furukaki">Tetsurō Furukaki</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armand_Salacrou" title="Armand Salacrou">Armand Salacrou</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Lang" title="Fritz Lang">Fritz Lang</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olivia_de_Havilland" title="Olivia de Havilland">Olivia de Havilland</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophia_Loren" title="Sophia Loren">Sophia Loren</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Blasetti" title="Alessandro Blasetti">Alessandro Blasetti</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Chamson" title="André Chamson">André Chamson</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luchino_Visconti" title="Luchino Visconti">Luchino Visconti</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_%C3%81ngel_Asturias" title="Miguel Ángel Asturias">Miguel Ángel Asturias</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mich%C3%A8le_Morgan" title="Michèle Morgan">Michèle Morgan</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Losey" title="Joseph Losey">Joseph Losey</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingrid_Bergman" title="Ingrid Bergman">Ingrid Bergman</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Clair" title="René Clair">René Clair</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Moreau" title="Jeanne Moreau">Jeanne Moreau</a> (1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Williams" title="Tennessee Williams">Tennessee Williams</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Rossellini" title="Roberto Rossellini">Roberto Rossellini</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_J._Pakula" title="Alan J. Pakula">Alan J. Pakula</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7oise_Sagan" title="Françoise Sagan">Françoise Sagan</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirk_Douglas" title="Kirk Douglas">Kirk Douglas</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Deray" title="Jacques Deray">Jacques Deray</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Strehler" title="Giorgio Strehler">Giorgio Strehler</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Styron" title="William Styron">William Styron</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirk_Bogarde" title="Dirk Bogarde">Dirk Bogarde</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milo%C5%A1_Forman" title="Miloš Forman">Miloš Forman</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Pollack" title="Sydney Pollack">Sydney Pollack</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yves_Montand" title="Yves Montand">Yves Montand</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ettore_Scola" title="Ettore Scola">Ettore Scola</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wim_Wenders" title="Wim Wenders">Wim Wenders</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Bertolucci" title="Bernardo Bertolucci">Bernardo Bertolucci</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Polanski" title="Roman Polanski">Roman Polanski</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Depardieu" title="Gérard Depardieu">Gérard Depardieu</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Malle" title="Louis Malle">Louis Malle</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Moreau" title="Jeanne Moreau">Jeanne Moreau</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabelle_Adjani" title="Isabelle Adjani">Isabelle Adjani</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (1998)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">David Cronenberg</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luc_Besson" title="Luc Besson">Luc Besson</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liv_Ullmann" title="Liv Ullmann">Liv Ullmann</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lynch" title="David Lynch">David Lynch</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrice_Ch%C3%A9reau" title="Patrice Chéreau">Patrice Chéreau</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quentin_Tarantino" title="Quentin Tarantino">Quentin Tarantino</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emir_Kusturica" title="Emir Kusturica">Emir Kusturica</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wong_Kar-wai" title="Wong Kar-wai">Wong Kar-wai</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Frears" title="Stephen Frears">Stephen Frears</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Penn" title="Sean Penn">Sean Penn</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabelle_Huppert" title="Isabelle Huppert">Isabelle Huppert</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Burton" title="Tim Burton">Tim Burton</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_De_Niro" title="Robert De Niro">Robert De Niro</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanni_Moretti" title="Nanni Moretti">Nanni Moretti</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Campion" title="Jane Campion">Jane Campion</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coen_brothers" title="Coen brothers">Joel and Ethan Coen</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Miller_(filmmaker)" title="George Miller (filmmaker)">George Miller</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Almod%C3%B3var" title="Pedro Almodóvar">Pedro Almodóvar</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cate_Blanchett" title="Cate Blanchett">Cate Blanchett</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Gonz%C3%A1lez_I%C3%B1%C3%A1rritu" title="Alejandro González Iñárritu">Alejandro González Iñárritu</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spike_Lee" title="Spike Lee">Spike Lee</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_Lindon" title="Vincent Lindon">Vincent Lindon</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruben_%C3%96stlund" title="Ruben Östlund">Ruben Östlund</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greta_Gerwig" title="Greta Gerwig">Greta Gerwig</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chicago_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Director" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chicago_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template:Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Director"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chicago_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template talk:Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chicago_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chicago_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Director" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Director">Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Director</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Zemeckis" title="Robert Zemeckis">Robert Zemeckis</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spike_Lee" title="Spike Lee">Spike Lee</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Demme" title="Jonathan Demme">Jonathan Demme</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman">Robert Altman</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quentin_Tarantino" title="Quentin Tarantino">Quentin Tarantino</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Stone" title="Oliver Stone">Oliver Stone</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coen_brothers" title="Coen brothers">Joel Coen</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Hanson" title="Curtis Hanson">Curtis Hanson</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrence_Malick" title="Terrence Malick">Terrence Malick</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Mendes" title="Sam Mendes">Sam Mendes</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Soderbergh" title="Steven Soderbergh">Steven Soderbergh</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lynch" title="David Lynch">David Lynch</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todd_Haynes" title="Todd Haynes">Todd Haynes</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Jackson" title="Peter Jackson">Peter Jackson</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (2004)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">David Cronenberg</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coen_brothers" title="Coen brothers">Joel Coen and Ethan Coen</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danny_Boyle" title="Danny Boyle">Danny Boyle</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_Bigelow" title="Kathryn Bigelow">Kathryn Bigelow</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Fincher" title="David Fincher">David Fincher</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrence_Malick" title="Terrence Malick">Terrence Malick</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_Bigelow" title="Kathryn Bigelow">Kathryn Bigelow</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_McQueen_(director)" title="Steve McQueen (director)">Steve McQueen</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Linklater" title="Richard Linklater">Richard Linklater</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Miller_(filmmaker)" title="George Miller (filmmaker)">George Miller</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Jenkins" title="Barry Jenkins">Barry Jenkins</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Nolan" title="Christopher Nolan">Christopher Nolan</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cuar%C3%B3n" title="Alfonso Cuarón">Alfonso Cuarón</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bong_Joon-ho" title="Bong Joon-ho">Bong Joon-ho</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlo%C3%A9_Zhao" title="Chloé Zhao">Chloé Zhao</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Campion" title="Jane Campion">Jane Campion</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniels_(directors)" title="Daniels (directors)">Daniel Kwan and Daniel Scheinert</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Nolan" title="Christopher Nolan">Christopher Nolan</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Donostia_Award" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Donostia_Award" title="Template:Donostia Award"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Donostia_Award" title="Template talk:Donostia Award"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Donostia_Award" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Donostia Award"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Donostia_Award" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Donostia_Award" title="Donostia Award">Donostia Award</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Lifetime Achievement Award at the <a href="/wiki/San_Sebasti%C3%A1n_International_Film_Festival" title="San Sebastián International Film Festival">San Sebastián International Film Festival</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1986: <a href="/wiki/Gregory_Peck" title="Gregory Peck">Gregory Peck</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gene_Tierney" title="Gene Tierney">Gene Tierney</a></li> <li>1987: <a href="/wiki/Glenn_Ford" title="Glenn Ford">Glenn Ford</a></li> <li>1988: <a href="/wiki/Vittorio_Gassman" title="Vittorio Gassman">Vittorio Gassman</a></li> <li>1989: <a href="/wiki/Bette_Davis" title="Bette Davis">Bette Davis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1990: <a href="/wiki/Claudette_Colbert" title="Claudette Colbert">Claudette Colbert</a></li> <li>1991: <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Perkins" title="Anthony Perkins">Anthony Perkins</a></li> <li>1992: <a href="/wiki/Lauren_Bacall" title="Lauren Bacall">Lauren Bacall</a></li> <li>1993: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Mitchum" title="Robert Mitchum">Robert Mitchum</a></li> <li>1994: <a href="/wiki/Lana_Turner" title="Lana Turner">Lana Turner</a></li> <li>1995: <a href="/wiki/Susan_Sarandon" title="Susan Sarandon">Susan Sarandon</a> / <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Deneuve" title="Catherine Deneuve">Catherine Deneuve</a></li> <li>1996: <a href="/wiki/Al_Pacino" title="Al Pacino">Al Pacino</a></li> <li>1997: <a href="/wiki/Michael_Douglas" title="Michael Douglas">Michael Douglas</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Irons" title="Jeremy Irons">Jeremy Irons</a></li> <li>1998: <a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Moreau" title="Jeanne Moreau">Jeanne Moreau</a> / <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Hopkins" title="Anthony Hopkins">Anthony Hopkins</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Malkovich" title="John Malkovich">John Malkovich</a></li> <li>1999: <a href="/wiki/Anjelica_Huston" title="Anjelica Huston">Anjelica Huston</a> / <a href="/wiki/Fernando_Fern%C3%A1n_G%C3%B3mez" title="Fernando Fernán Gómez">Fernando Fernán Gómez</a> / <a href="/wiki/Vanessa_Redgrave" title="Vanessa Redgrave">Vanessa Redgrave</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2000: <a href="/wiki/Michael_Caine" title="Michael Caine">Michael Caine</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_De_Niro" title="Robert De Niro">Robert De Niro</a></li> <li>2001: <a href="/wiki/Julie_Andrews" title="Julie Andrews">Julie Andrews</a> / <a href="/wiki/Warren_Beatty" title="Warren Beatty">Warren Beatty</a> / <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Rabal" title="Francisco Rabal">Francisco Rabal</a></li> <li>2002: <a href="/wiki/Jessica_Lange" title="Jessica Lange">Jessica Lange</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bob_Hoskins" title="Bob Hoskins">Bob Hoskins</a> / <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Hopper" title="Dennis Hopper">Dennis Hopper</a> / <a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a></li> <li>2003: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Duvall" title="Robert Duvall">Robert Duvall</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sean_Penn" title="Sean Penn">Sean Penn</a> / <a href="/wiki/Isabelle_Huppert" title="Isabelle Huppert">Isabelle Huppert</a></li> <li>2004: <a href="/wiki/Annette_Bening" title="Annette Bening">Annette Bening</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Bridges" title="Jeff Bridges">Jeff Bridges</a> / <a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a></li> <li>2005: <a href="/wiki/Willem_Dafoe" title="Willem Dafoe">Willem Dafoe</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ben_Gazzara" title="Ben Gazzara">Ben Gazzara</a></li> <li>2006: <a href="/wiki/Max_von_Sydow" title="Max von Sydow">Max von Sydow</a> / <a href="/wiki/Matt_Dillon" title="Matt Dillon">Matt Dillon</a></li> <li>2007: <a href="/wiki/Liv_Ullmann" title="Liv Ullmann">Liv Ullmann</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_Gere" title="Richard Gere">Richard Gere</a></li> <li>2008: <a href="/wiki/Meryl_Streep" title="Meryl Streep">Meryl Streep</a> / <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Banderas" title="Antonio Banderas">Antonio Banderas</a></li> <li>2009: <a href="/wiki/Ian_McKellen" title="Ian McKellen">Ian McKellen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2010: <a href="/wiki/Julia_Roberts" title="Julia Roberts">Julia Roberts</a></li> <li>2011: <a href="/wiki/Glenn_Close" title="Glenn Close">Glenn Close</a></li> <li>2012: <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Stone" title="Oliver Stone">Oliver Stone</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ewan_McGregor" title="Ewan McGregor">Ewan McGregor</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tommy_Lee_Jones" title="Tommy Lee Jones">Tommy Lee Jones</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Travolta" title="John Travolta">John Travolta</a> / <a href="/wiki/Dustin_Hoffman" title="Dustin Hoffman">Dustin Hoffman</a></li> <li>2013: <a href="/wiki/Carmen_Maura" title="Carmen Maura">Carmen Maura</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Jackman" title="Hugh Jackman">Hugh Jackman</a></li> <li>2014: <a href="/wiki/Denzel_Washington" title="Denzel Washington">Denzel Washington</a> / <a href="/wiki/Benicio_del_Toro" title="Benicio del Toro">Benicio del Toro</a></li> <li>2015: <a href="/wiki/Emily_Watson" title="Emily Watson">Emily Watson</a></li> <li>2016: <a href="/wiki/Sigourney_Weaver" title="Sigourney Weaver">Sigourney Weaver</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ethan_Hawke" title="Ethan Hawke">Ethan Hawke</a></li> <li>2017: <a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Dar%C3%ADn" title="Ricardo Darín">Ricardo Darín</a> / <a href="/wiki/Monica_Bellucci" title="Monica Bellucci">Monica Bellucci</a> / <a href="/wiki/Agn%C3%A8s_Varda" title="Agnès Varda">Agnès Varda</a></li> <li>2018: <a href="/wiki/Hirokazu_Kore-eda" title="Hirokazu Kore-eda">Hirokazu Kore-eda</a> / <a href="/wiki/Danny_DeVito" title="Danny DeVito">Danny DeVito</a> / <a href="/wiki/Judi_Dench" title="Judi Dench">Judi Dench</a></li> <li>2019: <a href="/wiki/Pen%C3%A9lope_Cruz" title="Penélope Cruz">Penélope Cruz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Costa-Gavras" title="Costa-Gavras">Costa-Gavras</a> / <a href="/wiki/Donald_Sutherland" title="Donald Sutherland">Donald Sutherland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2020: <a href="/wiki/Viggo_Mortensen" title="Viggo Mortensen">Viggo Mortensen</a></li> <li>2021: <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Depp" title="Johnny Depp">Johnny Depp</a> / <a href="/wiki/Marion_Cotillard" title="Marion Cotillard">Marion Cotillard</a></li> <li>2022: <a href="/wiki/Juliette_Binoche" title="Juliette Binoche">Juliette Binoche</a> / <a class="mw-selflink selflink">David Cronenberg</a></li> <li>2023: <a href="/wiki/Javier_Bardem" title="Javier Bardem">Javier Bardem</a> / <a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADctor_Erice" title="Víctor Erice">Víctor Erice</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hayao_Miyazaki" title="Hayao Miyazaki">Hayao Miyazaki</a></li> <li>2024: <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Almod%C3%B3var" title="Pedro Almodóvar">Pedro Almodóvar</a> / <a href="/wiki/Cate_Blanchett" title="Cate Blanchett">Cate Blanchett</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="George_Pal_Memorial_Award" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #6CC"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:The_George_Pal_Memorial_Award" title="Template:The George Pal Memorial Award"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:The_George_Pal_Memorial_Award" title="Template talk:The George Pal Memorial Award"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:The_George_Pal_Memorial_Award" title="Special:EditPage/Template:The George Pal Memorial Award"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="George_Pal_Memorial_Award" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/The_George_Pal_Memorial_Award" title="The George Pal Memorial Award">George Pal Memorial Award</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">C. Dean Anderson (1975)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Don Fanzo (1975)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gloria_Swanson" title="Gloria Swanson">Gloria Swanson</a> (1975)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fay_Wray" title="Fay Wray">Fay Wray</a> (1975)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Badham" title="John Badham">John Badham</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Meyer" title="Nicholas Meyer">Nicholas Meyer</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Trumbull" title="Douglas Trumbull">Douglas Trumbull</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Band" title="Charles Band">Charles Band</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arnold_Leibovit" title="Arnold Leibovit">Arnold Leibovit</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Larry_Cohen" title="Larry Cohen">Larry Cohen</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">David Cronenberg</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Friedkin" title="William Friedkin">William Friedkin</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gene_Roddenberry" title="Gene Roddenberry">Gene Roddenberry</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Marshall_(filmmaker)" title="Frank Marshall (filmmaker)">Frank Marshall</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wah_Chang" title="Wah Chang">Wah Chang</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gene_Warren" title="Gene Warren">Gene Warren</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stan_Winston" title="Stan Winston">Stan Winston</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Zemeckis" title="Robert Zemeckis">Robert Zemeckis</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Carpenter" title="John Carpenter">John Carpenter</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Kennedy_(film_producer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kathleen Kennedy (film producer)">Kathleen Kennedy</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dean_Devlin" title="Dean Devlin">Dean Devlin</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ray_Bradbury" title="Ray Bradbury">Ray Bradbury</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Wick" title="Douglas Wick">Douglas Wick</a> (2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sam_Raimi" title="Sam Raimi">Sam Raimi</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Z._Arkoff" title="Samuel Z. Arkoff">Samuel Z. Arkoff</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ridley_Scott" title="Ridley Scott">Ridley Scott</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ray_Harryhausen" title="Ray Harryhausen">Ray Harryhausen</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Guillermo_del_Toro" title="Guillermo del Toro">Guillermo del Toro</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alex_Kurtzman" title="Alex Kurtzman">Alex Kurtzman</a> & <a href="/wiki/Roberto_Orci" title="Roberto Orci">Roberto Orci</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gregory_Nicotero" class="mw-redirect" title="Gregory Nicotero">Gregory Nicotero</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Simon_Kinberg" title="Simon Kinberg">Simon Kinberg</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dave_Filoni" title="Dave Filoni">Dave Filoni</a> (2022/2023)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Golden_Lion_for_Lifetime_Achievement" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Golden_Lion_for_Lifetime_Achievement" title="Template:Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Golden_Lion_for_Lifetime_Achievement" title="Template talk:Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Golden_Lion_for_Lifetime_Achievement" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Golden_Lion_for_Lifetime_Achievement" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Golden_Lion_for_Lifetime_Achievement" title="Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement">Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1969–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Bu%C3%B1uel" title="Luis Buñuel">Luis Buñuel</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orson_Welles" title="Orson Welles">Orson Welles</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ford" title="John Ford">John Ford</a> / <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Carn%C3%A9" title="Marcel Carné">Marcel Carné</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Charlie Chaplin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Anatoli_Golovnya" title="Anatoli Golovnya">Anatoli Golovnya</a> / <a href="/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder">Billy Wilder</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Blasetti" title="Alessandro Blasetti">Alessandro Blasetti</a> / <a href="/wiki/Luis_Bu%C3%B1uel" title="Luis Buñuel">Luis Buñuel</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frank_Capra" title="Frank Capra">Frank Capra</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Cukor" title="George Cukor">George Cukor</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_Godard" title="Jean-Luc Godard">Jean-Luc Godard</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Kluge" title="Alexander Kluge">Alexander Kluge</a> / <a href="/wiki/Akira_Kurosawa" title="Akira Kurosawa">Akira Kurosawa</a> / <a href="/wiki/Michael_Powell" title="Michael Powell">Michael Powell</a> / <a href="/wiki/Satyajit_Ray" title="Satyajit Ray">Satyajit Ray</a> / <a href="/wiki/King_Vidor" title="King Vidor">King Vidor</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sergei_Yutkevich" title="Sergei Yutkevich">Sergei Yutkevich</a> / <a href="/wiki/Cesare_Zavattini" title="Cesare Zavattini">Cesare Zavattini</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelangelo_Antonioni" title="Michelangelo Antonioni">Michelangelo Antonioni</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federico_Fellini" title="Federico Fellini">Federico Fellini</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_and_Vittorio_Taviani" title="Paolo and Vittorio Taviani">Paolo and Vittorio Taviani</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Comencini" title="Luigi Comencini">Luigi Comencini</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joseph_L._Mankiewicz" title="Joseph L. Mankiewicz">Joseph L. Mankiewicz</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joris_Ivens" title="Joris Ivens">Joris Ivens</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bresson" title="Robert Bresson">Robert Bresson</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikl%C3%B3s_Jancs%C3%B3" title="Miklós Jancsó">Miklós Jancsó</a> / <a href="/wiki/Marcello_Mastroianni" title="Marcello Mastroianni">Marcello Mastroianni</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mario_Monicelli" title="Mario Monicelli">Mario Monicelli</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gian_Maria_Volont%C3%A9" title="Gian Maria Volonté">Gian Maria Volonté</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Moreau" title="Jeanne Moreau">Jeanne Moreau</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paolo_Villaggio" title="Paolo Villaggio">Paolo Villaggio</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudia_Cardinale" title="Claudia Cardinale">Claudia Cardinale</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_De_Niro" title="Robert De Niro">Robert De Niro</a> / <a href="/wiki/Roman_Polanski" title="Roman Polanski">Roman Polanski</a> / <a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suso_Cecchi_d%27Amico" title="Suso Cecchi d'Amico">Suso Cecchi d'Amico</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ken_Loach" title="Ken Loach">Ken Loach</a> / <a href="/wiki/Al_Pacino" title="Al Pacino">Al Pacino</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_De_Santis" title="Giuseppe De Santis">Giuseppe De Santis</a> / <a href="/wiki/Goffredo_Lombardo" title="Goffredo Lombardo">Goffredo Lombardo</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ennio_Morricone" title="Ennio Morricone">Ennio Morricone</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alain_Resnais" title="Alain Resnais">Alain Resnais</a> / <a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alberto_Sordi" title="Alberto Sordi">Alberto Sordi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Monica_Vitti" title="Monica Vitti">Monica Vitti</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman">Robert Altman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Vittorio_Gassman" title="Vittorio Gassman">Vittorio Gassman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Dustin_Hoffman" title="Dustin Hoffman">Dustin Hoffman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Mich%C3%A8le_Morgan" title="Michèle Morgan">Michèle Morgan</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Depardieu" title="Gérard Depardieu">Gérard Depardieu</a> / <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kubrick" title="Stanley Kubrick">Stanley Kubrick</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alida_Valli" title="Alida Valli">Alida Valli</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Beatty" title="Warren Beatty">Warren Beatty</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sophia_Loren" title="Sophia Loren">Sophia Loren</a> / <a href="/wiki/Andrzej_Wajda" title="Andrzej Wajda">Andrzej Wajda</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Lewis" title="Jerry Lewis">Jerry Lewis</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89ric_Rohmer" title="Éric Rohmer">Éric Rohmer</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dino_Risi" title="Dino Risi">Dino Risi</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dino_De_Laurentiis" title="Dino De Laurentiis">Dino De Laurentiis</a> / <a href="/wiki/Omar_Sharif" title="Omar Sharif">Omar Sharif</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manoel_de_Oliveira" title="Manoel de Oliveira">Manoel de Oliveira</a> / <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Donen" title="Stanley Donen">Stanley Donen</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayao_Miyazaki" title="Hayao Miyazaki">Hayao Miyazaki</a> / <a href="/wiki/Stefania_Sandrelli" title="Stefania Sandrelli">Stefania Sandrelli</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lynch" title="David Lynch">David Lynch</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Burton" title="Tim Burton">Tim Burton</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ermanno_Olmi" title="Ermanno Olmi">Ermanno Olmi</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lasseter" title="John Lasseter">John Lasseter</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Woo" title="John Woo">John Woo</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_Bellocchio" title="Marco Bellocchio">Marco Bellocchio</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Rosi" title="Francesco Rosi">Francesco Rosi</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Friedkin" title="William Friedkin">William Friedkin</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thelma_Schoonmaker" title="Thelma Schoonmaker">Thelma Schoonmaker</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Wiseman" title="Frederick Wiseman">Frederick Wiseman</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Tavernier" title="Bertrand Tavernier">Bertrand Tavernier</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Belmondo" title="Jean-Paul Belmondo">Jean-Paul Belmondo</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jerzy_Skolimowski" title="Jerzy Skolimowski">Jerzy Skolimowski</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Fonda" title="Jane Fonda">Jane Fonda</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_Redford" title="Robert Redford">Robert Redford</a> (2017)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">David Cronenberg</a> / <a href="/wiki/Vanessa_Redgrave" title="Vanessa Redgrave">Vanessa Redgrave</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Almod%C3%B3var" title="Pedro Almodóvar">Pedro Almodóvar</a> / <a href="/wiki/Julie_Andrews" title="Julie Andrews">Julie Andrews</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Hui" title="Ann Hui">Ann Hui</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tilda_Swinton" title="Tilda Swinton">Tilda Swinton</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Benigni" title="Roberto Benigni">Roberto Benigni</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jamie_Lee_Curtis" title="Jamie Lee Curtis">Jamie Lee Curtis</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Deneuve" title="Catherine Deneuve">Catherine Deneuve</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paul_Schrader" title="Paul Schrader">Paul Schrader</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liliana_Cavani" title="Liliana Cavani">Liliana Cavani</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tony_Leung_Chiu-wai" title="Tony Leung Chiu-wai">Tony Leung Chiu-wai</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigourney_Weaver" title="Sigourney Weaver">Sigourney Weaver</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peter_Weir" title="Peter Weir">Peter Weir</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Los_Angeles_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Director" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Los_Angeles_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template:Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Director"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Los_Angeles_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template talk:Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Los_Angeles_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Los_Angeles_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Director" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Director">Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Director</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">1975–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Lumet" title="Sidney Lumet">Sidney Lumet</a> (1975)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Lumet" title="Sidney Lumet">Sidney Lumet</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Ross" title="Herbert Ross">Herbert Ross</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Cimino" title="Michael Cimino">Michael Cimino</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Benton" title="Robert Benton">Robert Benton</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roman_Polanski" title="Roman Polanski">Roman Polanski</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Warren_Beatty" title="Warren Beatty">Warren Beatty</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_L._Brooks" title="James L. Brooks">James L. Brooks</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Milo%C5%A1_Forman" title="Miloš Forman">Miloš Forman</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Terry_Gilliam" title="Terry Gilliam">Terry Gilliam</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Lynch" title="David Lynch">David Lynch</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Boorman" title="John Boorman">John Boorman</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">David Cronenberg</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Spike_Lee" title="Spike Lee">Spike Lee</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barry_Levinson" title="Barry Levinson">Barry Levinson</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jane_Campion" title="Jane Campion">Jane Campion</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Quentin_Tarantino" title="Quentin Tarantino">Quentin Tarantino</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Figgis" title="Mike Figgis">Mike Figgis</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Leigh" title="Mike Leigh">Mike Leigh</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Hanson" title="Curtis Hanson">Curtis Hanson</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sam_Mendes" title="Sam Mendes">Sam Mendes</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Soderbergh" title="Steven Soderbergh">Steven Soderbergh</a> (2000)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Lynch" title="David Lynch">David Lynch</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Almod%C3%B3var" title="Pedro Almodóvar">Pedro Almodóvar</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Jackson" title="Peter Jackson">Peter Jackson</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Payne" title="Alexander Payne">Alexander Payne</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ang_Lee" title="Ang Lee">Ang Lee</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Greengrass" title="Paul Greengrass">Paul Greengrass</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Thomas_Anderson" title="Paul Thomas Anderson">Paul Thomas Anderson</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Danny_Boyle" title="Danny Boyle">Danny Boyle</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_Bigelow" title="Kathryn Bigelow">Kathryn Bigelow</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Olivier_Assayas" title="Olivier Assayas">Olivier Assayas</a> / <a href="/wiki/David_Fincher" title="David Fincher">David Fincher</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Terrence_Malick" title="Terrence Malick">Terrence Malick</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Thomas_Anderson" title="Paul Thomas Anderson">Paul Thomas Anderson</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cuar%C3%B3n" title="Alfonso Cuarón">Alfonso Cuarón</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Linklater" title="Richard Linklater">Richard Linklater</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Miller_(filmmaker)" title="George Miller (filmmaker)">George Miller</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barry_Jenkins" title="Barry Jenkins">Barry Jenkins</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Guillermo_del_Toro" title="Guillermo del Toro">Guillermo del Toro</a> / <a href="/wiki/Luca_Guadagnino" title="Luca Guadagnino">Luca Guadagnino</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Debra_Granik" title="Debra Granik">Debra Granik</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bong_Joon-ho" title="Bong Joon-ho">Bong Joon-ho</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chlo%C3%A9_Zhao" title="Chloé Zhao">Chloé Zhao</a> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jane_Campion" title="Jane Campion">Jane Campion</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Todd_Field" title="Todd Field">Todd Field</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Glazer" title="Jonathan Glazer">Jonathan Glazer</a> (2023)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="National_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Director" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:National_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template:National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Director"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:National_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template talk:National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:National_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Special:EditPage/Template:National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="National_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Director" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/National_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Director" title="National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Director">National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Director</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">1966–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michelangelo_Antonioni" title="Michelangelo Antonioni">Michelangelo Antonioni</a> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> (1967)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Truffaut" title="François Truffaut">François Truffaut</a> (1969)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Bertolucci" title="Bernardo Bertolucci">Bernardo Bertolucci</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Luis_Bu%C3%B1uel" title="Luis Buñuel">Luis Buñuel</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Truffaut" title="François Truffaut">François Truffaut</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Ford_Coppola" title="Francis Ford Coppola">Francis Ford Coppola</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman">Robert Altman</a> (1975)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Luis_Bu%C3%B1uel" title="Luis Buñuel">Luis Buñuel</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Terrence_Malick" title="Terrence Malick">Terrence Malick</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_Benton" title="Robert Benton">Robert Benton</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Louis_Malle" title="Louis Malle">Louis Malle</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paolo_and_Vittorio_Taviani" title="Paolo and Vittorio Taviani">Paolo Taviani and Vittorio Taviani</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bresson" title="Robert Bresson">Robert Bresson</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Huston" title="John Huston">John Huston</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Lynch" title="David Lynch">David Lynch</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Boorman" title="John Boorman">John Boorman</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Philip_Kaufman" title="Philip Kaufman">Philip Kaufman</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gus_Van_Sant" title="Gus Van Sant">Gus Van Sant</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">David Cronenberg</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Quentin_Tarantino" title="Quentin Tarantino">Quentin Tarantino</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Figgis" title="Mike Figgis">Mike Figgis</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lars_von_Trier" title="Lars von Trier">Lars von Trier</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Hanson" title="Curtis Hanson">Curtis Hanson</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Soderbergh" title="Steven Soderbergh">Steven Soderbergh</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Leigh" title="Mike Leigh">Mike Leigh</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Soderbergh" title="Steven Soderbergh">Steven Soderbergh</a> (2000)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Altman" title="Robert Altman">Robert Altman</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roman_Polanski" title="Roman Polanski">Roman Polanski</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Clint_Eastwood" title="Clint Eastwood">Clint Eastwood</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Yimou" title="Zhang Yimou">Zhang Yimou</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">David Cronenberg</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Greengrass" title="Paul Greengrass">Paul Greengrass</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Thomas_Anderson" title="Paul Thomas Anderson">Paul Thomas Anderson</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Leigh" title="Mike Leigh">Mike Leigh</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_Bigelow" title="Kathryn Bigelow">Kathryn Bigelow</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Fincher" title="David Fincher">David Fincher</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Terrence_Malick" title="Terrence Malick">Terrence Malick</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Haneke" title="Michael Haneke">Michael Haneke</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Coen_brothers" title="Coen brothers">Joel Coen and Ethan Coen</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Linklater" title="Richard Linklater">Richard Linklater</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Todd_Haynes" title="Todd Haynes">Todd Haynes</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barry_Jenkins" title="Barry Jenkins">Barry Jenkins</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Greta_Gerwig" title="Greta Gerwig">Greta Gerwig</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cuar%C3%B3n" title="Alfonso Cuarón">Alfonso Cuarón</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Greta_Gerwig" title="Greta Gerwig">Greta Gerwig</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chlo%C3%A9_Zhao" title="Chloé Zhao">Chloé Zhao</a> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ryusuke_Hamaguchi" title="Ryusuke Hamaguchi">Ryusuke Hamaguchi</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Wells" title="Charlotte Wells">Charlotte Wells</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Glazer" title="Jonathan Glazer">Jonathan Glazer</a> (2023)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="National_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Screenplay" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:National_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Screenplay" title="Template:National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Screenplay"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:National_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Screenplay" title="Template talk:National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Screenplay"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:National_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Screenplay" title="Special:EditPage/Template:National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Screenplay"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="National_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Screenplay" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/National_Society_of_Film_Critics_Award_for_Best_Screenplay" title="National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Screenplay">National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Screenplay</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">1967–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Newman_(screenwriter)" title="David Newman (screenwriter)">David Newman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Benton" title="Robert Benton">Robert Benton</a> (1967)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Cassavetes" title="John Cassavetes">John Cassavetes</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Mazursky" title="Paul Mazursky">Paul Mazursky</a> and <a href="/wiki/Larry_Tucker_(screenwriter)" title="Larry Tucker (screenwriter)">Larry Tucker</a> (1969)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89ric_Rohmer" title="Éric Rohmer">Éric Rohmer</a> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Penelope_Gilliatt" title="Penelope Gilliatt">Penelope Gilliatt</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Lucas" title="George Lucas">George Lucas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gloria_Katz" title="Gloria Katz">Gloria Katz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Willard_Huyck" title="Willard Huyck">Willard Huyck</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Towne" title="Robert Towne">Robert Towne</a> and <a href="/wiki/Warren_Beatty" title="Warren Beatty">Warren Beatty</a> (1975)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alain_Tanner" title="Alain Tanner">Alain Tanner</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Berger" title="John Berger">John Berger</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Brickman" title="Marshall Brickman">Marshall Brickman</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Mazursky" title="Paul Mazursky">Paul Mazursky</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steve_Tesich" title="Steve Tesich">Steve Tesich</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bo_Goldman" title="Bo Goldman">Bo Goldman</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Guare" title="John Guare">John Guare</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Murray_Schisgal" title="Murray Schisgal">Murray Schisgal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Larry_Gelbart" title="Larry Gelbart">Larry Gelbart</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Forsyth" title="Bill Forsyth">Bill Forsyth</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lowell_Ganz" title="Lowell Ganz">Lowell Ganz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Babaloo_Mandel" title="Babaloo Mandel">Babaloo Mandel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Jay_Friedman" title="Bruce Jay Friedman">Bruce Jay Friedman</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Brooks" title="Albert Brooks">Albert Brooks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Monica_Johnson" title="Monica Johnson">Monica Johnson</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hanif_Kureishi" title="Hanif Kureishi">Hanif Kureishi</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Boorman" title="John Boorman">John Boorman</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ron_Shelton" title="Ron Shelton">Ron Shelton</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gus_Van_Sant" title="Gus Van Sant">Gus Van Sant</a> and Daniel Yost (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Burnett_(director)" title="Charles Burnett (director)">Charles Burnett</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">David Cronenberg</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Peoples" title="David Peoples">David Webb Peoples</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jane_Campion" title="Jane Campion">Jane Campion</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Quentin_Tarantino" title="Quentin Tarantino">Quentin Tarantino</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roger_Avary" title="Roger Avary">Roger Avary</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Amy_Heckerling" title="Amy Heckerling">Amy Heckerling</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Brooks" title="Albert Brooks">Albert Brooks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Monica_Johnson" title="Monica Johnson">Monica Johnson</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Hanson" title="Curtis Hanson">Curtis Hanson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brian_Helgeland" title="Brian Helgeland">Brian Helgeland</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Scott_Frank" title="Scott Frank">Scott Frank</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Kaufman" title="Charlie Kaufman">Charlie Kaufman</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Lonergan" title="Kenneth Lonergan">Kenneth Lonergan</a> (2000)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Julian_Fellowes" title="Julian Fellowes">Julian Fellowes</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Harwood" title="Ronald Harwood">Ronald Harwood</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shari_Springer_Berman_and_Robert_Pulcini" title="Shari Springer Berman and Robert Pulcini">Shari Springer Berman and Robert Pulcini</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Payne" title="Alexander Payne">Alexander Payne</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jim_Taylor_(writer)" title="Jim Taylor (writer)">Jim Taylor</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Noah_Baumbach" title="Noah Baumbach">Noah Baumbach</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Morgan" title="Peter Morgan">Peter Morgan</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tamara_Jenkins" title="Tamara Jenkins">Tamara Jenkins</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Leigh" title="Mike Leigh">Mike Leigh</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Coen_brothers" title="Coen brothers">Joel Coen and Ethan Coen</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Sorkin" title="Aaron Sorkin">Aaron Sorkin</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Asghar_Farhadi" title="Asghar Farhadi">Asghar Farhadi</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tony_Kushner" title="Tony Kushner">Tony Kushner</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Linklater" title="Richard Linklater">Richard Linklater</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ethan_Hawke" title="Ethan Hawke">Ethan Hawke</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Julie_Delpy" title="Julie Delpy">Julie Delpy</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wes_Anderson" title="Wes Anderson">Wes Anderson</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tom_McCarthy_(director)" title="Tom McCarthy (director)">Tom McCarthy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Josh_Singer" title="Josh Singer">Josh Singer</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Lonergan" title="Kenneth Lonergan">Kenneth Lonergan</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Greta_Gerwig" title="Greta Gerwig">Greta Gerwig</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Armando_Iannucci" title="Armando Iannucci">Armando Iannucci</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Schneider_(actor)" title="David Schneider (actor)">David Schneider</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ian_Martin_(writer)" title="Ian Martin (writer)">Ian Martin</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bong_Joon-ho" title="Bong Joon-ho">Bong Joon-ho</a> and <a href="/wiki/Han_Jin-won" title="Han Jin-won">Han Jin-won</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eliza_Hittman" title="Eliza Hittman">Eliza Hittman</a> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ryusuke_Hamaguchi" title="Ryusuke Hamaguchi">Ryusuke Hamaguchi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Takamasa_Oe" title="Takamasa Oe">Takamasa Oe</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Todd_Field" title="Todd Field">Todd Field</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Samy_Burch" title="Samy Burch">Samy Burch</a> (2023)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Screenplay" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Screenplay" title="Template:New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Screenplay"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Screenplay" title="Template talk:New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Screenplay"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Screenplay" title="Special:EditPage/Template:New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Screenplay"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Screenplay" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/New_York_Film_Critics_Circle_Award_for_Best_Screenplay" title="New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Screenplay">New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Screenplay</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">1956–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Poe" title="James Poe">James Poe</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Farrow" title="John Farrow">John Farrow</a> and <a href="/wiki/S._J._Perelman" title="S. J. Perelman">S. J. Perelman</a> (1956)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">No Award (1957)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nedrick_Young" title="Nedrick Young">Nedrick Young</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harold_Jacob_Smith" title="Harold Jacob Smith">Harold Jacob Smith</a> (1958)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wendell_Mayes" title="Wendell Mayes">Wendell Mayes</a> (1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/I._A._L._Diamond" title="I. A. L. Diamond">I. A. L. Diamond</a> and <a href="/wiki/Billy_Wilder" title="Billy Wilder">Billy Wilder</a> (1960)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Abby_Mann" title="Abby Mann">Abby Mann</a> (1961)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">No Award (1962)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Irving_Ravetch" title="Irving Ravetch">Irving Ravetch</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harriet_Frank_Jr." title="Harriet Frank Jr.">Harriet Frank Jr.</a> (1963)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harold_Pinter" title="Harold Pinter">Harold Pinter</a> (1964)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">No Award (1965)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bolt" title="Robert Bolt">Robert Bolt</a> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Newman_(screenwriter)" title="David Newman (screenwriter)">David Newman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Benton" title="Robert Benton">Robert Benton</a> (1967)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_Semple_Jr." title="Lorenzo Semple Jr.">Lorenzo Semple Jr.</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Mazursky" title="Paul Mazursky">Paul Mazursky</a> and <a href="/wiki/Larry_Tucker_(screenwriter)" title="Larry Tucker (screenwriter)">Larry Tucker</a> (1969)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89ric_Rohmer" title="Éric Rohmer">Éric Rohmer</a> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Larry_McMurtry" title="Larry McMurtry">Larry McMurtry</a> and <a href="/wiki/Peter_Bogdanovich" title="Peter Bogdanovich">Peter Bogdanovich</a> / <a href="/wiki/Penelope_Gilliatt" title="Penelope Gilliatt">Penelope Gilliatt</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Lucas" title="George Lucas">George Lucas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gloria_Katz" title="Gloria Katz">Gloria Katz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Willard_Huyck" title="Willard Huyck">Willard Huyck</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Ingmar Bergman</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Truffaut" title="François Truffaut">François Truffaut</a>, <a href="/wiki/Suzanne_Schiffman" title="Suzanne Schiffman">Suzanne Schiffman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jean_Gruault" title="Jean Gruault">Jean Gruault</a> (1975)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paddy_Chayefsky" title="Paddy Chayefsky">Paddy Chayefsky</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Brickman" title="Marshall Brickman">Marshall Brickman</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Mazursky" title="Paul Mazursky">Paul Mazursky</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steve_Tesich" title="Steve Tesich">Steve Tesich</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bo_Goldman" title="Bo Goldman">Bo Goldman</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Guare" title="John Guare">John Guare</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Larry_Gelbart" title="Larry Gelbart">Larry Gelbart</a> and <a href="/wiki/Murray_Schisgal" title="Murray Schisgal">Murray Schisgal</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Forsyth" title="Bill Forsyth">Bill Forsyth</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Benton" title="Robert Benton">Robert Benton</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Woody_Allen" title="Woody Allen">Woody Allen</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hanif_Kureishi" title="Hanif Kureishi">Hanif Kureishi</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_L._Brooks" title="James L. Brooks">James L. Brooks</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ron_Shelton" title="Ron Shelton">Ron Shelton</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gus_Van_Sant" title="Gus Van Sant">Gus Van Sant</a> and Daniel Yost (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Prawer_Jhabvala" title="Ruth Prawer Jhabvala">Ruth Prawer Jhabvala</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">David Cronenberg</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Neil_Jordan" title="Neil Jordan">Neil Jordan</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jane_Campion" title="Jane Campion">Jane Campion</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Quentin_Tarantino" title="Quentin Tarantino">Quentin Tarantino</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roger_Avary" title="Roger Avary">Roger Avary</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Emma_Thompson" title="Emma Thompson">Emma Thompson</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Brooks" title="Albert Brooks">Albert Brooks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Monica_Johnson" title="Monica Johnson">Monica Johnson</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Hanson" title="Curtis Hanson">Curtis Hanson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brian_Helgeland" title="Brian Helgeland">Brian Helgeland</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Marc_Norman" title="Marc Norman">Marc Norman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tom_Stoppard" title="Tom Stoppard">Tom Stoppard</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Payne" title="Alexander Payne">Alexander Payne</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jim_Taylor_(writer)" title="Jim Taylor (writer)">Jim Taylor</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Lonergan" title="Kenneth Lonergan">Kenneth Lonergan</a> (2000)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Julian_Fellowes" title="Julian Fellowes">Julian Fellowes</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Kaufman" title="Charlie Kaufman">Charlie and Donald Kaufman</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Craig_Lucas" title="Craig Lucas">Craig Lucas</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Payne" title="Alexander Payne">Alexander Payne</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jim_Taylor_(writer)" title="Jim Taylor (writer)">Jim Taylor</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Noah_Baumbach" title="Noah Baumbach">Noah Baumbach</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Morgan" title="Peter Morgan">Peter Morgan</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Coen_brothers" title="Coen brothers">Joel Coen and Ethan Coen</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jenny_Lumet" title="Jenny Lumet">Jenny Lumet</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Armstrong" title="Jesse Armstrong">Jesse Armstrong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Simon_Blackwell" title="Simon Blackwell">Simon Blackwell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Armando_Iannucci" title="Armando Iannucci">Armando Iannucci</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tony_Roche_(writer)" title="Tony Roche (writer)">Tony Roche</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stuart_Blumberg" title="Stuart Blumberg">Stuart Blumberg</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lisa_Cholodenko" title="Lisa Cholodenko">Lisa Cholodenko</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Zaillian" title="Steven Zaillian">Steven Zaillian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Sorkin" title="Aaron Sorkin">Aaron Sorkin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stan_Chervin" title="Stan Chervin">Stan Chervin</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tony_Kushner" title="Tony Kushner">Tony Kushner</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eric_Warren_Singer" title="Eric Warren Singer">Eric Warren Singer</a> and <a href="/wiki/David_O._Russell" title="David O. Russell">David O. Russell</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wes_Anderson" title="Wes Anderson">Wes Anderson</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Phyllis_Nagy" title="Phyllis Nagy">Phyllis Nagy</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Lonergan" title="Kenneth Lonergan">Kenneth Lonergan</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Thomas_Anderson" title="Paul Thomas Anderson">Paul Thomas Anderson</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Schrader" title="Paul Schrader">Paul Schrader</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Quentin_Tarantino" title="Quentin Tarantino">Quentin Tarantino</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eliza_Hittman" title="Eliza Hittman">Eliza Hittman</a> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Thomas_Anderson" title="Paul Thomas Anderson">Paul Thomas Anderson</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martin_McDonagh" title="Martin McDonagh">Martin McDonagh</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Samy_Burch" title="Samy Burch">Samy Burch</a> and Alex Mechanik (2023)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Online_Film_Critics_Society_Award_for_Best_Director" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #ABCDEF"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Online_Film_Critics_Society_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template:Online Film Critics Society Award for Best Director"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Online_Film_Critics_Society_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template talk:Online Film Critics Society Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Online_Film_Critics_Society_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Online Film Critics Society Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Online_Film_Critics_Society_Award_for_Best_Director" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Online_Film_Critics_Society_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Online Film Critics Society Award for Best Director">Online Film Critics Society Award for Best Director</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Cameron" title="James Cameron">James Cameron</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Mendes" title="Sam Mendes">Sam Mendes</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darren_Aronofsky" title="Darren Aronofsky">Darren Aronofsky</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lynch" title="David Lynch">David Lynch</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Jackson" title="Peter Jackson">Peter Jackson</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Jackson" title="Peter Jackson">Peter Jackson</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Gondry" title="Michel Gondry">Michel Gondry</a> (2004)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">David Cronenberg</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coen_brothers" title="Coen brothers">Joel Coen and Ethan Coen</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Nolan" title="Christopher Nolan">Christopher Nolan</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_Bigelow" title="Kathryn Bigelow">Kathryn Bigelow</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Fincher" title="David Fincher">David Fincher</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrence_Malick" title="Terrence Malick">Terrence Malick</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Thomas_Anderson" title="Paul Thomas Anderson">Paul Thomas Anderson</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cuar%C3%B3n" title="Alfonso Cuarón">Alfonso Cuarón</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Linklater" title="Richard Linklater">Richard Linklater</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Miller_(filmmaker)" title="George Miller (filmmaker)">George Miller</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Jenkins" title="Barry Jenkins">Barry Jenkins</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Nolan" title="Christopher Nolan">Christopher Nolan</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cuar%C3%B3n" title="Alfonso Cuarón">Alfonso Cuarón</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bong_Joon-ho" title="Bong Joon-ho">Bong Joon-ho</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlo%C3%A9_Zhao" title="Chloé Zhao">Chloé Zhao</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Campion" title="Jane Campion">Jane Campion</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniels_(directors)" title="Daniels (directors)">Daniel Kwan and Daniel Scheinert</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Nolan" title="Christopher Nolan">Christopher Nolan</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Toronto_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Director" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:TFCA_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template:TFCA Award for Best Director"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:TFCA_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Template talk:TFCA Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:TFCA_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Special:EditPage/Template:TFCA Award for Best Director"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Toronto_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Director" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Toronto_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Toronto Film Critics Association Award for Best Director">Toronto Film Critics Association Award for Best Director</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atom_Egoyan" title="Atom Egoyan">Atom Egoyan</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Thomas_Anderson" title="Paul Thomas Anderson">Paul Thomas Anderson</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Soderbergh" title="Steven Soderbergh">Steven Soderbergh</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lynch" title="David Lynch">David Lynch</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Thomas_Anderson" title="Paul Thomas Anderson">Paul Thomas Anderson</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Jackson" title="Peter Jackson">Peter Jackson</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Gondry" title="Michel Gondry">Michel Gondry</a> (2004)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">David Cronenberg</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dardenne_brothers" title="Dardenne brothers">Jean-Pierre and Luc Dardenne</a> / <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Frears" title="Stephen Frears">Stephen Frears</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coen_brothers" title="Coen brothers">Joel Coen and Ethan Coen</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Demme" title="Jonathan Demme">Jonathan Demme</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_Bigelow" title="Kathryn Bigelow">Kathryn Bigelow</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Fincher" title="David Fincher">David Fincher</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrence_Malick" title="Terrence Malick">Terrence Malick</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Thomas_Anderson" title="Paul Thomas Anderson">Paul Thomas Anderson</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cuar%C3%B3n" title="Alfonso Cuarón">Alfonso Cuarón</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Linklater" title="Richard Linklater">Richard Linklater</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todd_Haynes" title="Todd Haynes">Todd Haynes</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maren_Ade" title="Maren Ade">Maren Ade</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greta_Gerwig" title="Greta Gerwig">Greta Gerwig</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cuar%C3%B3n" title="Alfonso Cuarón">Alfonso Cuarón</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bong_Joon-ho" title="Bong Joon-ho">Bong Joon-ho</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlo%C3%A9_Zhao" title="Chloé Zhao">Chloé Zhao</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Campion" title="Jane Campion">Jane Campion</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Wells" title="Charlotte Wells">Charlotte Wells</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Glazer" title="Jonathan Glazer">Jonathan Glazer</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55422#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55422#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55422#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000122833052">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/97752099">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/126742/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJgxt9ph8yR9FRWJVgyDbd">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/119114852">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n83327625">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120143264">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120143264">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00465087">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Cronenberg, David"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/RAVV087559">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35032271">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=js20051121009&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1265976">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p071610596">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90706229">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000224397&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000041693&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC201201011">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810602519305606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007260053305171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058521456006706">Catalonia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14566496">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA09217646?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500253104">ULAN</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.moma.org/artists/37049">Museum of Modern Art</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd119114852.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/119114852">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/028273397">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6ht3k2t">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=David_Cronenberg&oldid=1257638381">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=David_Cronenberg&oldid=1257638381</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1943_births" title="Category:1943 births">1943 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Living_people" title="Category:Living people">Living people</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_Canadian_male_actors" title="Category:20th-century Canadian male actors">20th-century Canadian male actors</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:21st-century_Canadian_male_actors" title="Category:21st-century Canadian male actors">21st-century Canadian male actors</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_Canadian_male_writers" title="Category:20th-century Canadian male writers">20th-century Canadian male writers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:21st-century_Canadian_male_writers" title="Category:21st-century Canadian male writers">21st-century Canadian male writers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_Canadian_screenwriters" title="Category:20th-century Canadian screenwriters">20th-century Canadian screenwriters</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:21st-century_Canadian_screenwriters" title="Category:21st-century Canadian screenwriters">21st-century Canadian screenwriters</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Advertising_directors" title="Category:Advertising directors">Advertising directors</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Best_Director_Genie_and_Canadian_Screen_Award_winners" title="Category:Best Director Genie and Canadian Screen Award winners">Best Director Genie and Canadian Screen Award winners</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Best_Screenplay_Genie_and_Canadian_Screen_Award_winners" title="Category:Best Screenplay Genie and Canadian Screen Award winners">Best Screenplay Genie and Canadian Screen Award winners</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Canadian_atheists" title="Category:Canadian atheists">Canadian atheists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Canadian_experimental_filmmakers" title="Category:Canadian experimental filmmakers">Canadian experimental filmmakers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Canadian_male_film_actors" title="Category:Canadian male film actors">Canadian male film actors</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Canadian_male_screenwriters" title="Category:Canadian male screenwriters">Canadian male screenwriters</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Canadian_male_television_actors" title="Category:Canadian male television actors">Canadian male television actors</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Canadian_male_voice_actors" title="Category:Canadian male voice actors">Canadian male voice actors</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Canadian_people_of_American_descent" title="Category:Canadian people of American descent">Canadian people of American descent</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Canadian_people_of_Lithuanian-Jewish_descent" title="Category:Canadian people of Lithuanian-Jewish descent">Canadian people of Lithuanian-Jewish descent</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Canadian_surrealist_artists" title="Category:Canadian surrealist artists">Canadian surrealist artists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Canadian_critics_of_religions" title="Category:Canadian critics of religions">Canadian critics of religions</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Companions_of_the_Order_of_Canada" title="Category:Companions of the Order of Canada">Companions of the Order of Canada</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English-language_film_directors" title="Category:English-language film directors">English-language film directors</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Film_directors_from_Toronto" title="Category:Film directors from Toronto">Film directors from Toronto</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Canadian_horror_film_directors" title="Category:Canadian horror film directors">Canadian horror film directors</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Jewish_atheists" title="Category:Jewish atheists">Jewish atheists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Jewish_film_people" title="Category:Jewish film people">Jewish film people</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Jewish_Canadian_male_actors" title="Category:Jewish Canadian male actors">Jewish Canadian male actors</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Male_actors_from_Toronto" title="Category:Male actors from Toronto">Male actors from Toronto</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Members_of_the_Order_of_Ontario" title="Category:Members of the Order of Ontario">Members of the Order of Ontario</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Postmodernist_filmmakers" title="Category:Postmodernist filmmakers">Postmodernist filmmakers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Canadian_recipients_of_the_Legion_of_Honour" title="Category:Canadian recipients of the Legion of Honour">Canadian recipients of the Legion of Honour</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Science_fiction_film_directors" title="Category:Science fiction film directors">Science fiction film directors</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:University_of_Toronto_alumni" title="Category:University of Toronto alumni">University of Toronto alumni</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Screenwriters_from_Toronto" title="Category:Screenwriters from Toronto">Screenwriters from Toronto</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Producers_of_Best_Picture_Genie_and_Canadian_Screen_Award_winners" title="Category:Producers of Best Picture Genie and Canadian Screen Award winners">Producers of Best Picture Genie and Canadian Screen Award winners</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Governor_General%27s_Award_winners" title="Category:Governor General's Award winners">Governor General's Award winners</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Golden_Lion_for_Lifetime_Achievement_recipients" title="Category:Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement recipients">Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement recipients</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_October_2019" title="Category:Use mdy dates from October 2019">Use mdy dates from October 2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards" title="Category:Articles with hCards">Articles with hCards</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_German-language_sources_(de)" title="Category:CS1 German-language sources (de)">CS1 German-language sources (de)</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 15 November 2024, at 23:40<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=David_Cronenberg&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-g2nql","wgBackendResponseTime":172,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.604","walltime":"2.078","ppvisitednodes":{"value":9032,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":434980,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":110971,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":22,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":9,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":408374,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1711.532 1 -total"," 28.85% 493.733 1 Template:Reflist"," 18.74% 320.743 1 Template:Infobox_person"," 16.20% 277.287 44 Template:Cite_web"," 8.58% 146.929 20 Template:Pluralize_from_text"," 6.74% 115.339 24 Template:Cite_news"," 6.49% 111.149 13 Template:Sfn"," 6.22% 106.466 1 Template:Navboxes"," 6.15% 105.284 14 Template:Navbox"," 5.92% 101.293 1 Template:Wikiquote"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.940","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":11623101,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"table#1 {\n}\n\"\"\ntable#1 {\n}\n\"\"\nanchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"Awards\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBrowning,_Mark2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCronenberg,_David1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCronenberg,_David2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCronenberg1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCronenberg1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCronenberg1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCronenberg2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCronenberg2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCunningham2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDerry1987\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDreibrodt,_Thomas_J._Dreibrodt2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDupont2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGordon,_Bette1989\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGrünberg,_SergeCronenberg,_David2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGuttsman,_Janet2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHandling,_Piers1983\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHenry_Barnes2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHumm,_Maggie1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJ._Hoberman2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJanet_Maslin1983\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJeremy_Adam_Smith2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJonathan_Crow2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLacey2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMaslin1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcCann1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMottram,_James2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNewman,_Kim1989\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNordine2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPevere\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPhipps2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRobnik,_Drehli_RobnikPalm,_Michael1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRodley1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSelf2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSharf2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTaylor2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTupper2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFUntoldHorror\"] = 1,\n [\"Honours\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"!\"] = 1,\n [\"ACCT Best Director\"] = 1,\n [\"Anchor\"] = 1,\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"Birth date and age\"] = 1,\n [\"Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best Screenplay\"] = 1,\n [\"Cannes Film Festival jury presidents\"] = 1,\n [\"Cbignore\"] = 1,\n [\"Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Director\"] = 1,\n [\"Citation\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 15,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 24,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 44,\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:Cronenberg, David\"] = 1,\n [\"David Cronenberg\"] = 1,\n [\"Donostia Award\"] = 1,\n [\"Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement\"] = 1,\n [\"Hlist\"] = 1,\n [\"IMDb name\"] = 1,\n [\"Infobox person\"] = 1,\n [\"Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Director\"] = 1,\n [\"Main\"] = 1,\n [\"Marriage\"] = 2,\n [\"National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Director\"] = 1,\n [\"National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Screenplay\"] = 1,\n [\"Navboxes\"] = 1,\n [\"Ndash\"] = 1,\n [\"Nee\"] = 1,\n [\"New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Screenplay\"] = 1,\n [\"Nom\"] = 24,\n [\"Online Film Critics Society Award for Best Director\"] = 1,\n [\"Plainlist\"] = 1,\n [\"Portal bar\"] = 1,\n [\"Post-nominals\"] = 2,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 13,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"TFCA Award for Best Director\"] = 1,\n [\"The George Pal Memorial Award\"] = 1,\n [\"Use mdy dates\"] = 1,\n [\"Wikiquote\"] = 1,\n [\"Won\"] = 12,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-nt2gf","timestamp":"20241124160926","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"David Cronenberg","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/David_Cronenberg","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q55422","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q55422","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2001-03-22T17:06:27Z","dateModified":"2024-11-15T23:40:29Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/0\/0f\/David_Cronenberg_2012-03-08.jpg","headline":"Canadian filmmaker (born 1943)"}</script> </body> </html>