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<span>General conceptions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-General_conceptions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle General conceptions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-General_conceptions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Existence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Existence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Existence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Existence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oneness" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oneness"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Oneness</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oneness-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transcendence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transcendence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Transcendence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transcendence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Creator" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Creator"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Creator</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Creator-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Benevolence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Benevolence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Benevolence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Benevolence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Omniscience_and_omnipotence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Omniscience_and_omnipotence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Omniscience and omnipotence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Omniscience_and_omnipotence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_concepts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_concepts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Other concepts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_concepts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Non-theistic_views" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Non-theistic_views"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Non-theistic views</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Non-theistic_views-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Non-theistic views subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Non-theistic_views-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Religious_traditions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religious_traditions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Religious traditions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religious_traditions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Anthropology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anthropology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Anthropology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Anthropology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Neuroscience_and_psychology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Neuroscience_and_psychology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Neuroscience and psychology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Neuroscience_and_psychology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relationship_with_humanity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relationship_with_humanity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Relationship with humanity</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Relationship_with_humanity-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Relationship with humanity subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Relationship_with_humanity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Worship" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Worship"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Worship</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Worship-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Salvation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Salvation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Salvation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Salvation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Epistemology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Epistemology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Epistemology</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Epistemology-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Epistemology subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Epistemology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Faith" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Faith"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Faith</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Faith-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Revelation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Revelation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Revelation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Revelation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reason" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reason"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Reason</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reason-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Specific_characteristics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Specific_characteristics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Specific characteristics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Specific_characteristics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Specific characteristics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Specific_characteristics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Titles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Titles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Titles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Titles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gender" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gender"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Gender</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gender-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Depiction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Depiction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Depiction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Depiction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">God</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 203 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-203" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">203 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%85%D1%8C%D1%8D" title="Тхьэ – Kabardian" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Тхьэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="Kabardian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/God" title="God – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="God" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gott" title="Gott – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Gott" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-alt mw-list-item"><a href="https://alt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Кудай – Southern Altai" lang="alt" hreflang="alt" data-title="Кудай" data-language-autonym="Алтай тил" data-language-local-name="Southern Altai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Алтай тил</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A5%E1%8C%8D%E1%8B%9A%E1%8A%A0%E1%89%A5%E1%88%94%E1%88%AD" title="እግዚአብሔር – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="እግዚአብሔር" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0" title="ईश्वर – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="ईश्वर" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/God" title="God – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="God" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87" title="الله – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الله" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dios" title="Dios – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Dios" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%90%DC%A0%DC%97%DC%90" title="ܐܠܗܐ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܐܠܗܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumnidz%C4%83" title="Dumnidză – Aromanian" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Dumnidză" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%B1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="ভগৱান – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ভগৱান" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dios" title="Dios – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Dios" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tup%C3%A3" title="Tupã – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Tupã" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tatitu" title="Tatitu – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Tatitu" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanr%C4%B1" title="Tanrı – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Tanrı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="تانری – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="تانری" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%88%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0" title="ঈশ্বর – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ঈশ্বর" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuhan" title="Tuhan – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Tuhan" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si%C5%8Dng-t%C3%A8" title="Siōng-tè – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Siōng-tè" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D2%99%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Хоҙай – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Хоҙай" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3" title="Бог – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Бог" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3" title="Бог – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Бог" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0" title="परमेसर – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="परमेसर" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dios" title="Dios – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Dios" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/God" title="God – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="God" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3" title="Бог – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Бог" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/God" title="God – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="God" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bog" title="Bog – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Bog" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doue" title="Doue – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Doue" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC)" title="Бурхан (монотеизм) – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Бурхан (монотеизм)" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9u" title="Déu – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Déu" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%C4%83" title="Турă – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Турă" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginoo" title="Ginoo – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Ginoo" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C5%AFh" title="Bůh – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Bůh" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mwari" title="Mwari – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Mwari" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiuta" title="Chiuta – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Chiuta" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diu" title="Diu – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Diu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duw" title="Duw – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Duw" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naawuni" title="Naawuni – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Naawuni" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gud_(monoteistisk)" title="Gud (monoteistisk) – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Gud (monoteistisk)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gott" title="Gott – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gott" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jumal" title="Jumal – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Jumal" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%98%CE%B5%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Θεός – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Θεός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dio" title="Dio – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Dio" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Паз – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Паз" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dios" title="Dios – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Dios" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dio" title="Dio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Dio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jainko_(monoteismo)" title="Jainko (monoteismo) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Jainko (monoteismo)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mawu" title="Mawu – Ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Mawu" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="Ewe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="خدا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خدا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/God" title="God – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="God" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dieu" title="Dieu – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Dieu" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/God_(monote%C3%AFsme)" title="God (monoteïsme) – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="God (monoteïsme)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diu" title="Diu – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Diu" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dia" title="Dia – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Dia" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jee" title="Jee – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Jee" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dia" title="Dia – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Dia" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deus" title="Deus – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Deus" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%8C%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Даьла – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Даьла" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%88%E0%AA%B6%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%B0" title="ઈશ્વર – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ઈશ્વર" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B2%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8C%B8" title="𐌲𐌿𐌸 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌲𐌿𐌸" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deu" title="Deu – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="Deu" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Song-ti" title="Song-ti – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Song-ti" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%98%EB%8A%90%EB%8B%98" title="하느님 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="하느님" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allah" title="Allah – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Allah" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%AE" title="Աստված – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Աստված" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0" title="ईश्वर – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ईश्वर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bog" title="Bog – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Bog" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eya" title="Eya – Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Eya" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deo" title="Deo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Deo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/God" title="God – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="God" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dios" title="Dios – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Dios" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuhan" title="Tuhan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Tuhan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deo" title="Deo – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Deo" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deo" title="Deo – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Deo" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%8B%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%83" title="Хуыцау – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Хуыцау" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/UThixo" title="UThixo – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="UThixo" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNkulunkulu" title="UNkulunkulu – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="UNkulunkulu" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gu%C3%B0" title="Guð – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Guð" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dio" title="Dio – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Dio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%94%D7%99%D7%9D" title="אלוהים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אלוהים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyang" title="Hyang – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Hyang" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%90s%C9%94" title="Ɛsɔ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Ɛsɔ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A6%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="ღმერთი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ღმერთი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%DB%84%D8%AF%D8%A7%DB%92" title="خۄداے – Kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="خۄداے" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D2%B1%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Құдай – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Құдай" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duw" title="Duw – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Duw" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imana" title="Imana – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Imana" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mungu" title="Mungu – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mungu" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bondye" title="Bondye – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Bondye" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bondj%C3%A9" title="Bondjé – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Bondjé" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xweda" title="Xweda – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Xweda" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%AE" title="Dî – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Dî" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dio" title="Dio – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Dio" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deus" title="Deus – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Deus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dievs" title="Dievs – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Dievs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gott" title="Gott – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Gott" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dievas" title="Dievas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Dievas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%AA" title="Dê – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Dê" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nz%C3%A1mbe" title="Nzámbe – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Nzámbe" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dio" title="Dio – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Dio" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jumal" title="Jumal – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Jumal" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dio_(monoteesim)" title="Dio (monoteesim) – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Dio (monoteesim)" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isten" title="Isten – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Isten" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3" title="Бог – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Бог" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andriamanitra_(tokana)" title="Andriamanitra (tokana) – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Andriamanitra (tokana)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%82" title="ദൈവം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ദൈവം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0" title="ईश्वर – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ईश्वर" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A6%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="ღორონთი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ღორონთი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87" title="الله – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الله" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="خادا – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="خادا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuhan" title="Tuhan – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Tuhan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuhan" title="Tuhan – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Tuhan" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dius" title="Dius – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Dius" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Бурхан – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Бурхан" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%96%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%86%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9E%E1%80%81%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA" title="ဖန်ဆင်းရှင်သခင် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဖန်ဆင်းရှင်သခင်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/God_(monothe%C3%AFsme)" title="God (monotheïsme) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="God (monotheïsme)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/God" title="God – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="God" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0" title="ईश्वर – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="ईश्वर" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0" title="ईश्वर – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="ईश्वर" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%94%AF%E4%B8%80%E7%A5%9E" title="唯一神 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="唯一神" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%8A%DF%9F%DF%8A%DF%AB" title="ߊߟߊ߫ – N’Ko" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߊߟߊ߫" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="N’Ko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Дела – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Дела" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/God" title="God – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="God" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gud" title="Gud – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Gud" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gud" title="Gud – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Gud" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%B9u" title="Dùu – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Dùu" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dieu" title="Dieu – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Dieu" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waaqa" title="Waaqa – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Waaqa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xudo" title="Xudo – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Xudo" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%AC" title="ਰੱਬ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰੱਬ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="خدا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="خدا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87" title="الله – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="الله" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%87%E2%80%8B%E1%9E%87%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%98%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%85%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%8B" title="ព្រះជាម្ចាស់ – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ព្រះជាម្ចាស់" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diu" title="Diu – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Diu" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/De" title="De – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="De" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/God" title="God – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="God" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gott" title="Gott – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Gott" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%B3g" title="Bóg – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Bóg" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deus" title="Deus – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Deus" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumnezeu" title="Dumnezeu – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Dumnezeu" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devel" title="Devel – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Devel" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dieu" title="Dieu – Romansh" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Dieu" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Romansh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apuyaya" title="Apuyaya – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Apuyaya" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3" title="Бог – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Бог" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3" title="Бог – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бог" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D2%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Таҥара – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Таҥара" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%83" title="ईश्वरः – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="ईश्वरः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%9C%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B8%E1%B1%AD" title="ᱜᱚᱥᱟᱸᱭ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱜᱚᱥᱟᱸᱭ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/God" title="God – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="God" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/God" title="God – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="God" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumelo" title="Tumelo – Southern Sotho" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Tumelo" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="Southern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modimo" title="Modimo – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Modimo" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per%C3%ABndia" title="Perëndia – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Perëndia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diu" title="Diu – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Diu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%99%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%84%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%9A" title="දෙවියන්වහන්සේ – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="දෙවියන්වහන්සේ" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/God" title="God – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="God" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="خدا – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="خدا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nkulunkulu" title="Nkulunkulu – Swati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="Nkulunkulu" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="Swati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boh" title="Boh – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Boh" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bog" title="Bog – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Bog" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%8A" title="Богъ – Church Slavic" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Богъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Church Slavic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C5%AFg" title="Bůg – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Bůg" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7" title="خوا – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="خوا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3" title="Бог – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Бог" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bog" title="Bog – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Bog" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jumala" title="Jumala – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Jumala" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gud" title="Gud – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Gud" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diyos" title="Diyos – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Diyos" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="கடவுள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கடவுள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yillu" title="Yillu – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Yillu" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Ходай – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Ходай" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%81" title="దేవుడు – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="దేవుడు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%88%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2" title="พระเป็นเจ้า – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พระเป็นเจ้า" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE" title="Худо – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Худо" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanr%C4%B1" title="Tanrı – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tanrı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awurade" title="Awurade – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Awurade" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%CC%B1gwaza" title="A̱gwaza – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="A̱gwaza" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3" title="Бог – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Бог" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="خدا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="خدا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%95%DA%AD%D8%B1%D9%89" title="تەڭرى – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="تەڭرى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dio" title="Dio – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Dio" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jumal" title="Jumal – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Jumal" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thi%C3%AAn_Ch%C3%BAa" title="Thiên Chúa – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thiên Chúa" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/God" title="God – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="God" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jummal" title="Jummal – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Jummal" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bon_Diu" title="Bon Diu – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Bon Diu" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/God" title="God – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="God" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diyos" title="Diyos – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Diyos" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y%C3%A0lla" title="Yàlla – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Yàlla" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%EF%BC%88%E4%B8%80%E7%A5%9E%E6%95%99%EF%BC%89" title="神（一神教） – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="神（一神教）" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xikwembu" title="Xikwembu – Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Xikwembu" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%90%D7%98" title="גאט – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="גאט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%B8%9D" title="上帝 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="上帝" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homa" title="Homa – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Homa" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/God" title="God – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="God" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dievs" title="Dievs – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Dievs" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A5%9E_(%E4%B8%80%E7%A5%9E%E6%95%99)" title="神 (一神教) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="神 (一神教)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awaji" title="Awaji – Obolo" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Awaji" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="Obolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuhan" title="Tuhan – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Tuhan" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dga mw-list-item"><a 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/20px-Sound-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/30px-Sound-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/40px-Sound-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="96" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Principal object of faith in monotheism</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the supreme being in monotheistic belief systems. For powerful supernatural beings considered divine or sacred, see <a href="/wiki/Deity" title="Deity">Deity</a>. For God in specific religions, see <a href="/wiki/Conceptions_of_God" title="Conceptions of God">Conceptions of God</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/God_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="God (disambiguation)">God (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:119px;max-width:119px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:163px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Tetragrammaton_Sefardi.jpg/161px-Tetragrammaton_Sefardi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Tetragrammaton_Sefardi.jpg/214px-Tetragrammaton_Sefardi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="662" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:179px;max-width:179px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:118px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:051907_Wilmette_IMG_1404_The_Greatest_Name.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/051907_Wilmette_IMG_1404_The_Greatest_Name.jpg/177px-051907_Wilmette_IMG_1404_The_Greatest_Name.jpg" decoding="async" width="177" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/051907_Wilmette_IMG_1404_The_Greatest_Name.jpg/266px-051907_Wilmette_IMG_1404_The_Greatest_Name.jpg 1.5x, 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Naqshe_Rostam_Darafsh_Ordibehesht_93_%2835%29.JPG/266px-Naqshe_Rostam_Darafsh_Ordibehesht_93_%2835%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="4928" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:153px;max-width:153px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:201px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vishnu_Kumartuli_Park_Sarbojanin_Arnab_Dutta_2010.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Vishnu_Kumartuli_Park_Sarbojanin_Arnab_Dutta_2010.JPG/151px-Vishnu_Kumartuli_Park_Sarbojanin_Arnab_Dutta_2010.JPG" decoding="async" width="151" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Vishnu_Kumartuli_Park_Sarbojanin_Arnab_Dutta_2010.JPG/227px-Vishnu_Kumartuli_Park_Sarbojanin_Arnab_Dutta_2010.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Vishnu_Kumartuli_Park_Sarbojanin_Arnab_Dutta_2010.JPG/302px-Vishnu_Kumartuli_Park_Sarbojanin_Arnab_Dutta_2010.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1944" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">Left to right, top to bottom: representations of God in <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a>, <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith" title="Baháʼí Faith">Baháʼí Faith</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zoroastrianism" title="Zoroastrianism">Zoroastrianism</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Vaishnavism" title="Vaishnavism">Vaishnava Hinduism</a></div></div></div></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Monotheistic" class="mw-redirect" title="Monotheistic">monotheistic</a> belief systems, <b>God</b> is usually viewed as the supreme being, <a href="/wiki/Creator_deity" title="Creator deity">creator</a>, and principal object of <a href="/wiki/Faith#Religious_faith" title="Faith">faith</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Swinburne_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Swinburne-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Polytheistic" class="mw-redirect" title="Polytheistic">polytheistic</a> belief systems, <a href="/wiki/Deity" title="Deity">a god</a> is "a spirit or being believed to have created, or for controlling some part of the <a href="/wiki/Universe" title="Universe">universe</a> or life, for which such a deity is often worshipped".<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Belief in the existence of at least one god is called <a href="/wiki/Theism" title="Theism">theism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Conceptions_of_God" title="Conceptions of God">Conceptions of God</a> vary considerably. Many notable theologians and philosophers have developed arguments for and against the <a href="/wiki/Existence_of_God" title="Existence of God">existence of God</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Plantinga_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Plantinga-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Atheism" title="Atheism">Atheism</a> rejects the belief in any deity. <a href="/wiki/Agnosticism" title="Agnosticism">Agnosticism</a> is the belief that the existence of God is unknown or <a href="/wiki/Unknowable" class="mw-redirect" title="Unknowable">unknowable</a>. Some theists view knowledge concerning God as derived from faith. God is often conceived as the greatest entity in existence.<sup id="cite_ref-Swinburne_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Swinburne-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> God is often believed to be the cause of all things and so is seen as the creator, <a href="/wiki/God_the_Sustainer" title="God the Sustainer">sustainer</a>, and ruler of the universe. God is often thought of as <a href="/wiki/Incorporeal" class="mw-redirect" title="Incorporeal">incorporeal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Transcendence_(religion)" title="Transcendence (religion)">independent</a> of the material creation,<sup id="cite_ref-Swinburne_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Swinburne-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while <a href="/wiki/Pantheism" title="Pantheism">pantheism</a> holds that God is the universe itself. God is sometimes seen as <a href="/wiki/Omnibenevolent" class="mw-redirect" title="Omnibenevolent">omnibenevolent</a>, while <a href="/wiki/Deism" title="Deism">deism</a> holds that God is not involved with humanity apart from creation. </p><p>Some traditions attach spiritual significance to maintaining some form of relationship with God, often involving acts such as <a href="/wiki/Worship" title="Worship">worship</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prayer" title="Prayer">prayer</a>, and see God as the source of all <a href="/wiki/Moral_obligation" class="mw-redirect" title="Moral obligation">moral obligation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Swinburne_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Swinburne-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> God is sometimes described without reference <a href="/wiki/Gender_of_God" title="Gender of God">to gender</a>, while others use terminology that is gender-specific. God is referred to by different <a href="/wiki/Names_of_God" title="Names of God">names</a> depending on the language and cultural tradition, sometimes with different titles of God used in reference to God's various attributes. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology_and_usage">Etymology and usage</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/God_(word)" title="God (word)"><i>God</i> (word)</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mesha_Stele_(511142469)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Mesha_Stele_%28511142469%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/260px-Mesha_Stele_%28511142469%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="296" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Mesha_Stele_%28511142469%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/390px-Mesha_Stele_%28511142469%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Mesha_Stele_%28511142469%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/520px-Mesha_Stele_%28511142469%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1704" data-file-height="1942" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Mesha_Stele" title="Mesha Stele">Mesha Stele</a> bears the earliest known reference (840 BCE) to the Israelite God Yahweh.</figcaption></figure> <p>The earliest written form of the Germanic word <i>God</i> comes from the 6th-century <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christian</a> <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Codex_Argenteus" title="Codex Argenteus">Codex Argenteus</a></i></span>. The English word itself is derived from the <a href="/wiki/Proto-Germanic" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Germanic">Proto-Germanic</a> *ǥuđan. The reconstructed <a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-European" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Indo-European">Proto-Indo-European</a> form <span title="Proto-Indo-European-language text" class="Unicode" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span lang="ine">*ǵhu-tó-m</span></span> was probably based on the root <span title="Proto-Indo-European-language text" class="Unicode" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span lang="ine">*ǵhau(ə)-</span></span>, which meant either "to call" or "to invoke".<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Germanic words for <i>God</i> were originally <a href="/wiki/Grammatical_gender" title="Grammatical gender">neuter</a>, but during the process of the <a href="/wiki/Christianization" title="Christianization">Christianization</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Germanic_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Germanic people">Germanic peoples</a> from their indigenous <a href="/wiki/Germanic_paganism" title="Germanic paganism">Germanic paganism</a>, the words became a <a href="/wiki/Grammatical_gender" title="Grammatical gender">masculine syntactic form</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BARNHART323_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BARNHART323-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In English, capitalization is used when the word is used as a <a href="/wiki/Proper_noun" title="Proper noun">proper noun</a>, as well as for other names by which a god is known. Consequently, the capitalized form of <i>god</i> is not used for multiple gods or when used to refer to the generic idea of a <a href="/wiki/Deity" title="Deity">deity</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The English word <i>God</i> and its counterparts in other languages are normally used for any and all conceptions and, in spite of significant differences between religions, the term remains an English translation common to all. </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/El_(god)" class="mw-redirect" title="El (god)">El</a></i> means 'god' in Hebrew, but <a href="/wiki/Names_of_God_in_Judaism" title="Names of God in Judaism">in Judaism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Names_of_God_in_Christianity" title="Names of God in Christianity">in Christianity</a>, God is also given a personal name, the <a href="/wiki/Tetragrammaton" title="Tetragrammaton">tetragrammaton</a> YHWH, in origin possibly the name of an <a href="/wiki/Edomite" class="mw-redirect" title="Edomite">Edomite</a> or <a href="/wiki/Midianite" class="mw-redirect" title="Midianite">Midianite</a> deity, <a href="/wiki/Yahweh" title="Yahweh">Yahweh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Parke-Taylor2006_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Parke-Taylor2006-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In many English translations of the <a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a>, when the word <i>LORD</i> is in all capitals, it signifies that the word represents the tetragrammaton.<sup id="cite_ref-Barton2006_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barton2006-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Jah" title="Jah">Jah</a> or Yah is an abbreviation of Jahweh/Yahweh, and often sees usage by Jews and Christians in the interjection "<a href="/wiki/Hallelujah" title="Hallelujah">Hallelujah</a>", meaning 'praise Jah', which is used to give God glory.<sup id="cite_ref-Loewen2020_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Loewen2020-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a>, some of the Hebrew titles of God are considered <a href="/wiki/Names_of_God_in_Judaism" title="Names of God in Judaism">holy names</a>. </p><p><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn"><a href="/wiki/All%C4%81h" class="mw-redirect" title="Allāh">Allāh</a></i></span> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">الله</span>) is the Arabic term with no plural used by Muslims and Arabic-speaking Christians and Jews meaning 'the God', while <span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn"><a href="/wiki/%CA%BEil%C4%81h" class="mw-redirect" title="ʾilāh">ʾilāh</a></i></span> (<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">إِلَٰه</span></span>, plural <span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">`āliha</i></span> <span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">آلِهَة</span></span>) is the term used for a deity or a god in general.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Muslims" title="Muslims">Muslims</a> also use a <a href="/wiki/Names_of_God_in_Islam" title="Names of God in Islam">multitude of other titles</a> for God. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brahman" title="Brahman">Brahman</a> is often considered a <a href="/wiki/Monistic" class="mw-redirect" title="Monistic">monistic</a> concept of God.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> God may also be given a proper name in monotheistic currents of Hinduism which emphasize the <a href="/wiki/Personal_god" title="Personal god">personal nature of God</a>, with early references to his name as <a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a>-<a href="/wiki/Vasudeva" title="Vasudeva">Vasudeva</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bhagavata" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhagavata">Bhagavata</a> or later <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hari" title="Hari">Hari</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hastings541_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hastings541-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Sang_Hyang_Widhi_Wasa" class="mw-redirect" title="Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa">Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa</a> is the term used in <a href="/wiki/Balinese_Hinduism" title="Balinese Hinduism">Balinese Hinduism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Chinese_folk_religion" title="Chinese folk religion">Chinese religion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shangdi" title="Shangdi">Shangdi</a> is conceived as the <a href="/wiki/Progenitor" title="Progenitor">progenitor</a> of the universe, intrinsic to it and constantly bringing order to it. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Ahura_Mazda" title="Ahura Mazda">Ahura Mazda</a> is the name for God used in <a href="/wiki/Zoroastrianism" title="Zoroastrianism">Zoroastrianism</a>. "Mazda", or rather the Avestan stem-form <i>Mazdā-</i>, nominative <i>Mazdå</i>, reflects Proto-Iranian <i>*Mazdāh (female)</i>. It is generally taken to be the proper name of the spirit, and like its <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> cognate <span title="Sanskrit-language romanization"><i lang="sa-Latn">medhā</i></span> means 'intelligence' or 'wisdom'. Both the Avestan and Sanskrit words reflect <a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-Iranian" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Indo-Iranian">Proto-Indo-Iranian</a> <i>*mazdhā-</i>, from <a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-European" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Indo-European">Proto-Indo-European</a> mn̩sdʰeh<sub>1</sub>, literally meaning 'placing (<i>dʰeh<sub>1</sub></i>) one's mind (<i>*mn̩-s</i>)', hence 'wise'.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoyce1983685_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoyce1983685-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Meanwhile <a href="/wiki/Names_of_God_in_Zoroastrianism" title="Names of God in Zoroastrianism">101 other names</a> are also in use.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Waheguru" title="Waheguru">Waheguru</a> (<a href="/wiki/Punjabi_language" title="Punjabi language">Punjabi</a>: <i lang="pa"><span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">vāhigurū</i></span></i>) is a term most often used in <a href="/wiki/Sikhism" title="Sikhism">Sikhism</a> to refer to God.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It means 'Wonderful Teacher' in the Punjabi language. <i>Vāhi</i> (a <a href="/wiki/Middle_Persian" title="Middle Persian">Middle Persian</a> borrowing) means 'wonderful', and <i><a href="/wiki/Guru" title="Guru">guru</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Sanskrit_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanskrit language">Sanskrit</a>: <i lang="sa"><span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">guru</i></span></i>) is a term denoting 'teacher'. Waheguru is also described by some as an experience of ecstasy which is beyond all description. The most common usage of the word <i>Waheguru</i> is in the greeting Sikhs use with each other—<i>Waheguru Ji Ka Khalsa, Waheguru Ji Ki Fateh</i>, "Wonderful Lord's <a href="/wiki/Khalsa" title="Khalsa">Khalsa</a>, Victory is to the Wonderful Lord." </p><p><i>Baha</i>, the "greatest" name for God in the <a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith" title="Baháʼí Faith">Baháʼí Faith</a>, is Arabic for "All-Glorious".<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other names for God include <a href="/wiki/Aten" title="Aten">Aten</a><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in ancient Egyptian <a href="/wiki/Atenism" title="Atenism">Atenism</a> where Aten was proclaimed to be the one "true" supreme being and creator of the universe,<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Chukwu" title="Chukwu">Chukwu</a> in <a href="/wiki/Igbo_people" title="Igbo people">Igbo</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Hayyi_Rabbi" title="Hayyi Rabbi">Hayyi Rabbi</a> in <a href="/wiki/Mandaeism" title="Mandaeism">Mandaeism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Buckley_2002_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Buckley_2002-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Nashmi_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nashmi-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="General_conceptions">General conceptions</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Existence">Existence</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Existence_of_God" title="Existence of God">Existence of God</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Theism" title="Theism">Theism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Atheism" title="Atheism">Atheism</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Agnosticism" title="Agnosticism">Agnosticism</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:St-thomas-aquinasFXD.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/St-thomas-aquinasFXD.jpg/170px-St-thomas-aquinasFXD.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/St-thomas-aquinasFXD.jpg/255px-St-thomas-aquinasFXD.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/St-thomas-aquinasFXD.jpg/340px-St-thomas-aquinasFXD.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4004" data-file-height="6000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Aquinas" title="Thomas Aquinas">Thomas Aquinas</a> summed up <a href="/wiki/Quinque_viae" class="mw-redirect" title="Quinque viae">five main arguments</a> as proofs for God's existence. Painting by <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Crivelli" title="Carlo Crivelli">Carlo Crivelli</a>, 1476.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Syst%C3%A8me_de_la_Nature.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Syst%C3%A8me_de_la_Nature.jpg/170px-Syst%C3%A8me_de_la_Nature.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Syst%C3%A8me_de_la_Nature.jpg/255px-Syst%C3%A8me_de_la_Nature.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Syst%C3%A8me_de_la_Nature.jpg/340px-Syst%C3%A8me_de_la_Nature.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1020" data-file-height="1364" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/The_System_of_Nature" title="The System of Nature">The System of Nature</a></i> (1770) argues that belief in God is based on fear, lack of understanding and <a href="/wiki/Anthropomorphism" title="Anthropomorphism">anthropomorphism</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The existence of God is a subject of debate in <a href="/wiki/Theology" title="Theology">theology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_religion" title="Philosophy of religion">philosophy of religion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Popular_culture" title="Popular culture">popular culture</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In philosophical terms, the question of the existence of God involves the disciplines of <a href="/wiki/Epistemology" title="Epistemology">epistemology</a> (the nature and scope of knowledge) and <a href="/wiki/Ontology" title="Ontology">ontology</a> (study of the nature of <a href="/wiki/Being" class="mw-redirect" title="Being">being</a> or <a href="/wiki/Existence" title="Existence">existence</a>) and the <a href="/wiki/Value_theory" title="Value theory">theory of value</a> (since some definitions of God include "perfection"). </p><p><a href="/wiki/Ontological_argument" title="Ontological argument">Ontological arguments</a> refer to any argument for the existence of God that is based on <i>a priori</i> reasoning.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Notable ontological arguments were formulated by <a href="/wiki/Anselm_of_Canterbury" title="Anselm of Canterbury">Anselm</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Descartes" title="René Descartes">René Descartes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Cosmological_argument" title="Cosmological argument">Cosmological arguments</a> use concepts around the origin of the universe to argue for the existence of God. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Teleological_argument" title="Teleological argument">teleological argument</a>, also called "argument from design", uses the complexity within the universe as a proof of the existence of God.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is countered that the <a href="/wiki/Fine-tuned_universe" title="Fine-tuned universe">fine tuning</a> required for a stable universe with life on earth is illusory, as humans are only able to observe the small part of this universe that succeeded in making such observation possible, called the <a href="/wiki/Anthropic_principle" title="Anthropic principle">anthropic principle</a>, and so would not learn of, for example, life on other planets or of <a href="/wiki/Multiverse" title="Multiverse">universes</a> that did not occur because of different <a href="/wiki/Dimensionless_physical_constant" title="Dimensionless physical constant">laws of physics</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Non-theists have argued that complex processes that have natural explanations yet to be discovered are referred to the supernatural, called <a href="/wiki/God_of_the_gaps" title="God of the gaps">god of the gaps</a>. Other theists, such as <a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Newman" title="John Henry Newman">John Henry Newman</a> who believed <a href="/wiki/Theistic_evolution" title="Theistic evolution">theistic evolution</a> was acceptable, have also argued against versions of the teleological argument and held that it is limiting of God to view him having to only intervene specially in some instances rather than having complex processes designed to create order.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Argument_from_beauty" title="Argument from beauty">argument from beauty</a> states that this universe happens to contain special beauty in it and that there would be no particular reason for this over aesthetic neutrality other than God.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This has been countered by pointing to the existence of ugliness in the universe.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This has also been countered by arguing that beauty has no objective reality and so the universe could be seen as ugly or that humans have made what is more beautiful than nature.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Argument_from_morality" title="Argument from morality">argument from morality</a> argues for the existence of God given the assumption of the objective existence of <a href="/wiki/Moral_realism" title="Moral realism">morals</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While prominent non-theistic philosophers such as the atheist <a href="/wiki/J._L._Mackie" title="J. L. Mackie">J. L. Mackie</a> agreed that the argument is valid, they disagreed with its premises. <a href="/wiki/David_Hume" title="David Hume">David Hume</a> argued that there is no basis to believe in objective moral truths while biologist <a href="/wiki/E._O._Wilson" title="E. O. Wilson">E. O. Wilson</a> theorized that the feelings of morality are a by-product of natural selection in humans and would not exist independent of the mind.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Philosopher <a href="/wiki/Michael_Lou_Martin" title="Michael Lou Martin">Michael Lou Martin</a> argued that a subjective account for morality can be acceptable. Similar to the argument from morality is the <a href="/wiki/Argument_from_morality#Argument_for_conscience" title="Argument from morality">argument from conscience</a> which argues for the existence of God given the existence of a conscience that informs of right and wrong, even against prevailing moral codes. Philosopher <a href="/wiki/John_Locke" title="John Locke">John Locke</a> instead argued that conscience is a social construct and thus could lead to contradicting morals.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Atheism" title="Atheism">Atheism</a> is, in a broad sense, the rejection of <a href="/wiki/Belief" title="Belief">belief</a> in the existence of deities.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Agnosticism" title="Agnosticism">Agnosticism</a> is the view that the <a href="/wiki/Truth_value" title="Truth value">truth values</a> of certain claims—especially <a href="/wiki/Metaphysical" class="mw-redirect" title="Metaphysical">metaphysical</a> and religious claims such as <a href="/wiki/Existence_of_God" title="Existence of God">whether God</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Divine" class="mw-redirect" title="Divine">divine</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Supernatural" title="Supernatural">supernatural</a> exist—are unknown and perhaps unknowable.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hepburn_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hepburn-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RoweRoutledge_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RoweRoutledge-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Theism" title="Theism">Theism</a> generally holds that God exists objectively and independently of human thought and is sometimes used to refer to any belief in God or gods. </p><p>Some view the existence of God as an empirical question. <a href="/wiki/Richard_Dawkins" title="Richard Dawkins">Richard Dawkins</a> states that "a universe with a god would be a completely different kind of universe from one without, and it would be a scientific difference".<sup id="cite_ref-Dawkins_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dawkins-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Carl_Sagan" title="Carl Sagan">Carl Sagan</a> argued that the doctrine of a Creator of the Universe was difficult to prove or disprove and that the only conceivable scientific discovery that could disprove the existence of a Creator (not necessarily a God) would be the discovery that the universe is infinitely old.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some theologians, such as <a href="/wiki/Alister_McGrath" title="Alister McGrath">Alister McGrath</a>, argue that the existence of God is not a question that can be answered using the <a href="/wiki/Scientific_method" title="Scientific method">scientific method</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-mcgrath2005_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mcgrath2005-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-barackman2001_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-barackman2001-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Agnostic" class="mw-redirect" title="Agnostic">Agnostic</a> <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Jay_Gould" title="Stephen Jay Gould">Stephen Jay Gould</a> argued that science and religion are not in conflict and proposed an approach dividing the world of philosophy into what he called "<a href="/wiki/Non-overlapping_magisteria" title="Non-overlapping magisteria">non-overlapping magisteria</a>" (NOMA).<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In this view, questions of the <a href="/wiki/Supernatural" title="Supernatural">supernatural</a>, such as those relating to the <a href="/wiki/Existence" title="Existence">existence</a> and nature of God, are <a href="/wiki/Metaphysics" title="Metaphysics">non</a>-<a href="/wiki/Empirical" class="mw-redirect" title="Empirical">empirical</a> and are the proper domain of <a href="/wiki/Theology" title="Theology">theology</a>. The methods of science should then be used to answer any empirical question about the natural world, and theology should be used to answer questions about ultimate meaning and moral value. In this view, the perceived lack of any empirical footprint from the magisterium of the supernatural onto natural events makes science the sole player in the natural world.<sup id="cite_ref-Dawkins-Delusion_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dawkins-Delusion-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Hawking" title="Stephen Hawking">Stephen Hawking</a> and co-author <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Mlodinow" title="Leonard Mlodinow">Leonard Mlodinow</a> state in their 2010 book, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Grand_Design_(book)" title="The Grand Design (book)">The Grand Design</a></i>, that it is reasonable to ask who or what created the universe, but if the answer is God, then the question has merely been deflected to that of who created God. Both authors claim, however, that it is possible to answer these questions purely within the realm of science and without invoking divine beings.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Oneness">Oneness</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Deity" title="Deity">Deity</a>, <a href="/wiki/Monotheism" title="Monotheism">Monotheism</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Henotheism" title="Henotheism">Henotheism</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shield-Trinity-Scutum-Fidei-English.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Shield-Trinity-Scutum-Fidei-English.svg/170px-Shield-Trinity-Scutum-Fidei-English.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Shield-Trinity-Scutum-Fidei-English.svg/255px-Shield-Trinity-Scutum-Fidei-English.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Shield-Trinity-Scutum-Fidei-English.svg/340px-Shield-Trinity-Scutum-Fidei-English.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="520" data-file-height="468" /></a><figcaption>Trinitarians believe that the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit are three distinct persons sharing a single nature or essence.</figcaption></figure> <p>A deity, or "god" (with <a href="/wiki/Lowercase" class="mw-redirect" title="Lowercase">lowercase</a> <i>g</i>), refers to a supernatural being.<sup id="cite_ref-OBrien_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OBrien-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Monotheism" title="Monotheism">Monotheism</a> is the belief that there is only one deity, referred to as "God" (with uppercase <i>g</i>). Comparing or equating other entities to God is viewed as <a href="/wiki/Idolatry" title="Idolatry">idolatry</a> in monotheism, and is often strongly condemned. <a href="/wiki/God_in_Judaism" title="God in Judaism">Judaism</a> is one of the oldest monotheistic traditions in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Islam's most fundamental concept is <i><a href="/wiki/Tawhid" title="Tawhid">tawhid</a></i>, meaning 'oneness' or "uniqueness'.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first <a href="/wiki/Pillar_of_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Pillar of Islam">pillar of Islam</a> is an <a href="/wiki/Shahada" title="Shahada">oath</a> that forms the basis of the religion and which non-Muslims wishing to convert must recite, declaring that, "I testify that there is no deity except God."<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Christianity, the <a href="/wiki/Doctrine_of_the_Trinity" class="mw-redirect" title="Doctrine of the Trinity">doctrine of the Trinity</a> describes <a href="/wiki/God_in_Christianity" title="God in Christianity">God</a> as one God in <a href="/wiki/God_the_Father" title="God the Father">Father</a>, <a href="/wiki/God_the_Son" title="God the Son">Son</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit_(Christianity)" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy Spirit (Christianity)">Holy Spirit</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In past centuries, this fundamental mystery of the Christian faith was also summarized by the Latin formula <i>Sancta Trinitas, Unus Deus</i> (Holy Trinity, Unique God), reported in the <i><a href="/wiki/Litany_of_the_Blessed_Virgin_Mary" title="Litany of the Blessed Virgin Mary">Litanias Lauretanas</a></i>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/God_in_Hinduism" title="God in Hinduism">God in Hinduism</a> is viewed differently by diverse strands of the religion, with most Hindus having faith in a <a href="/wiki/Brahman" title="Brahman">supreme reality</a> (<i>Brahman</i>) who can be manifested in numerous chosen deities. Thus, the religion is sometimes characterized as <i>Polymorphic Monotheism</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Henotheism" title="Henotheism">Henotheism</a> is the belief and worship of a single god at a time while accepting the validity of worshiping other deities.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Monolatry" title="Monolatry">Monolatry</a> is the belief in a single deity worthy of worship while accepting the existence of other deities.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transcendence">Transcendence</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Pantheism" title="Pantheism">Pantheism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Panentheism" title="Panentheism">Panentheism</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Transcendence_(religion)" title="Transcendence (religion)">Transcendence</a> is the aspect of God's nature that is completely independent of the material universe and its physical laws. Many supposed characteristics of God are described in human terms. <a href="/wiki/Anselm_of_Canterbury" title="Anselm of Canterbury">Anselm</a> thought that God did not feel emotions such as anger or love, but appeared to do so through our imperfect understanding. The incongruity of judging "being" against something that might not exist, led many medieval philosophers approach to knowledge of God through negative attributes, called <a href="/wiki/Negative_theology" class="mw-redirect" title="Negative theology">Negative theology</a>. For example, one should not say that God is wise, but can say that God is not ignorant (i.e. in some way God has some properties of knowledge). Christian theologian <a href="/wiki/Alister_McGrath" title="Alister McGrath">Alister McGrath</a> writes that one has to understand a "personal god" as an analogy. "To say that God is like a person is to affirm the divine ability and willingness to relate to others. This does not imply that God is human, or located at a specific point in the universe."<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Pantheism" title="Pantheism">Pantheism</a> holds that God is the universe and the universe is God and denies that God transcends the Universe.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For pantheist philosopher <a href="/wiki/Baruch_Spinoza" title="Baruch Spinoza">Baruch Spinoza</a>, the whole of the natural universe is made of one substance, God, or its equivalent, Nature.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pantheism is sometimes objected to as not providing any meaningful explanation of God with the German philosopher <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Schopenhauer" title="Arthur Schopenhauer">Arthur Schopenhauer</a> stating, "Pantheism is only a euphemism for atheism."<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Pandeism" title="Pandeism">Pandeism</a> holds that God was a separate entity but then <a href="/wiki/God_becomes_the_universe" class="mw-redirect" title="God becomes the universe">became the universe</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Dawe_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dawe-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Panentheism" title="Panentheism">Panentheism</a> holds that God contains, but is not identical to, the Universe.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Creator">Creator</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Creator_deity" title="Creator deity">Creator deity</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Blake_God_Blessing.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Blake_God_Blessing.jpg/170px-Blake_God_Blessing.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="204" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Blake_God_Blessing.jpg/255px-Blake_God_Blessing.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Blake_God_Blessing.jpg/340px-Blake_God_Blessing.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2401" /></a><figcaption><i>God Blessing the Seventh Day</i>, 1805 watercolor painting by <a href="/wiki/William_Blake" title="William Blake">William Blake</a></figcaption></figure> <p>God is often viewed as the cause of all that exists. For <a href="/wiki/Pythagoreanism" title="Pythagoreanism">Pythagoreans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Monad_(philosophy)" title="Monad (philosophy)">Monad</a> variously referred to divinity, the first being or an indivisible origin.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The philosophy of <a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a> and <a href="/wiki/Plotinus" title="Plotinus">Plotinus</a> refers to "<a href="/wiki/Henology" title="Henology">The One</a>", which is the first principle of reality that is "beyond" being<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is both the source of the Universe and the <a href="/wiki/Teleological" class="mw-redirect" title="Teleological">teleological</a> purpose of all things.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a> theorized a <a href="/wiki/First_uncaused_cause" class="mw-redirect" title="First uncaused cause">first uncaused cause</a> for all motion in the universe and viewed it as perfectly beautiful, immaterial, unchanging and indivisible. <a href="/wiki/Aseity" title="Aseity">Aseity</a> is the property of not depending on any cause other than itself for its existence. <a href="/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna">Avicenna</a> held that there must be a <a href="/wiki/Proof_of_the_Truthful" title="Proof of the Truthful">necessarily existent</a> guaranteed to exist by its essence—it cannot "not" exist—and that humans identify this as God.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Secondary_causation" title="Secondary causation">Secondary causation</a> refers to God creating the laws of the Universe which then can change themselves within the <a href="/wiki/Clockwork_universe" title="Clockwork universe">framework of those laws</a>. In addition to the initial creation, <a href="/wiki/Occasionalism" title="Occasionalism">occasionalism</a> refers to the idea that the Universe would not by default continue to exist from one instant to the next and so would need to rely on God as a <a href="/wiki/God_the_Sustainer" title="God the Sustainer">sustainer</a>. While <a href="/wiki/Divine_providence" title="Divine providence">divine providence</a> refers to any intervention by God, it is usually used to refer to "special providence", where there is an extraordinary intervention by God, such as <a href="/wiki/Miracle" title="Miracle">miracles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Benevolence">Benevolence</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Deism" title="Deism">Deism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thirteen_Attributes_of_Mercy" title="Thirteen Attributes of Mercy">Thirteen Attributes of Mercy</a></div> <p>Deism holds that God exists but does not intervene in the world beyond what was necessary to create it,<sup id="cite_ref-lemos_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lemos-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> such as answering prayers or producing miracles. Deists sometimes attribute this to God having no interest in or not being aware of humanity. Pandeists would hold that God does not intervene because God is the Universe.<sup id="cite_ref-Fuller_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fuller-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Of those theists who hold that God has an interest in humanity, most hold that God is <a href="/wiki/Omnipotent" class="mw-redirect" title="Omnipotent">omnipotent</a>, omniscient, and benevolent. This belief raises questions about God's responsibility for evil and suffering in the world. <a href="/wiki/Dystheism" title="Dystheism">Dystheism</a>, which is related to <a href="/wiki/Theodicy" title="Theodicy">theodicy</a>, is a form of theism which holds that God is either not wholly good or is fully malevolent as a consequence of the <a href="/wiki/Problem_of_evil" title="Problem of evil">problem of evil</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Omniscience_and_omnipotence">Omniscience and omnipotence</h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Omnipotence" title="Omnipotence">Omnipotence</a> (all-powerful) is an attribute often ascribed to God. The <a href="/wiki/Omnipotence_paradox" title="Omnipotence paradox">omnipotence paradox</a> is most often framed with the example "Could God create a stone so heavy that even he could not lift it?" as God could either be unable to create that stone or lift that stone and so could not be omnipotent. This is often countered with variations of the argument that omnipotence, like any other attribute ascribed to God, only applies as far as it is noble enough to befit God and thus God cannot lie, or do what is contradictory as that would entail opposing himself.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Omniscience (all-knowing) is an attribute often ascribed to God. This implies that God knows how free agents will choose to act. If God does know this, either their <a href="/wiki/Free_will" title="Free will">free will</a> might be illusory or foreknowledge does not imply predestination, and if God does not know it, God may not be omniscient.<sup id="cite_ref-Wierenga_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wierenga-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Open_Theism" class="mw-redirect" title="Open Theism">Open Theism</a> limits God's omniscience by contending that, due to the nature of time, God's omniscience does not mean the deity can predict the future and <a href="/wiki/Process_theology" title="Process theology">process theology</a> holds that God does not have <a href="/wiki/Immutability_(theology)" title="Immutability (theology)">immutability</a>, so is affected by his creation. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_concepts">Other concepts</h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Theologians" class="mw-redirect" title="Theologians">Theologians</a> of theistic personalism (the view held by <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Descartes" title="René Descartes">René Descartes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton" title="Isaac Newton">Isaac Newton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alvin_Plantinga" title="Alvin Plantinga">Alvin Plantinga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Swinburne" title="Richard Swinburne">Richard Swinburne</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Lane_Craig" title="William Lane Craig">William Lane Craig</a>, and most <a href="/wiki/Evangelicalism" title="Evangelicalism">modern evangelicals</a>) argue that God is most generally the ground of all being, immanent in and transcendent over the whole world of reality, with immanence and transcendence being the contrapletes of personality.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>God has also been conceived as being <a href="/wiki/Incorporeal" class="mw-redirect" title="Incorporeal">incorporeal</a> (immaterial), a <a href="/wiki/Personal_god" title="Personal god">personal</a> being, the source of all <a href="/wiki/Moral_obligation" class="mw-redirect" title="Moral obligation">moral obligation</a>, and the "greatest conceivable existent".<sup id="cite_ref-Swinburne_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Swinburne-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These attributes were all supported to varying degrees by the early Jewish, Christian and Muslim theologian philosophers, including <a href="/wiki/Maimonides" title="Maimonides">Maimonides</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Edwards_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Edwards-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Hippo" title="Augustine of Hippo">Augustine of Hippo</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Edwards_83-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Edwards-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Al-Ghazali" title="Al-Ghazali">Al-Ghazali</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Plantinga_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Plantinga-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> respectively. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Non-theistic_views">Non-theistic views</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religious_traditions">Religious traditions</h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jainism</a> has <a href="/wiki/Jainism_and_non-creationism" title="Jainism and non-creationism">generally rejected creationism</a>, holding that soul substances (<a href="/wiki/J%C4%ABva_(Jainism)" title="Jīva (Jainism)">Jīva</a>) are uncreated and that time is beginningless.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some interpretations and traditions of <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a> can be conceived as being <a href="/wiki/Non-theistic" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-theistic">non-theistic</a>. <a href="/wiki/Creator_in_Buddhism" title="Creator in Buddhism">Buddhism has generally rejected</a> the specific monotheistic view of a <a href="/wiki/Creator_deity" title="Creator deity">creator deity</a>. The Buddha criticizes the theory of creationism in the <a href="/wiki/Early_Buddhist_texts" title="Early Buddhist texts">early Buddhist texts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also, major Indian Buddhist philosophers, such as <a href="/wiki/Nagarjuna" title="Nagarjuna">Nagarjuna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vasubandhu" title="Vasubandhu">Vasubandhu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dharmakirti" title="Dharmakirti">Dharmakirti</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Buddhaghosa" title="Buddhaghosa">Buddhaghosa</a>, consistently critiqued Creator God views put forth by Hindu thinkers.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, as a non-theistic religion, Buddhism leaves the existence of a supreme deity ambiguous. There are significant numbers of Buddhists who believe in God, and there are equally large numbers who deny God's existence or are unsure.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chinese religions such as <a href="/wiki/Confucianism" title="Confucianism">Confucianism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism">Taoism</a> are silent on the existence of creator gods. However, keeping with the tradition of <a href="/wiki/Ancestor_veneration_in_China" title="Ancestor veneration in China">ancestor veneration in China</a>, adherents worship the spirits of people such as <a href="/wiki/Confucius" title="Confucius">Confucius</a> and <a href="/wiki/Laozi" title="Laozi">Laozi</a> in a similar manner to God.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anthropology">Anthropology</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Evolutionary_origin_of_religions" class="mw-redirect" title="Evolutionary origin of religions">Evolutionary origin of religions</a>, <a href="/wiki/Evolutionary_psychology_of_religion" title="Evolutionary psychology of religion">Evolutionary psychology of religion</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Anthropomorphism" title="Anthropomorphism">Anthropomorphism</a></div> <p>Some atheists have argued that a single, omniscient God who is imagined to have created the universe and is particularly attentive to the lives of humans has been imagined and embellished over generations.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Pascal_Boyer" title="Pascal Boyer">Pascal Boyer</a> argues that while there is a wide array of supernatural concepts found around the world, in general, supernatural beings tend to behave much like people. The construction of gods and spirits like persons is one of the best known traits of religion. He cites examples from <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek mythology</a>, which is, in his opinion, more like a modern <a href="/wiki/Soap_opera" title="Soap opera">soap opera</a> than other religious systems.<sup id="cite_ref-boyer_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-boyer-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Bertrand_du_Castel" title="Bertrand du Castel">Bertrand du Castel</a> and Timothy Jurgensen demonstrate through formalization that Boyer's explanatory model matches physics' <a href="/wiki/Epistemology" title="Epistemology">epistemology</a> in positing not directly observable entities as intermediaries.<sup id="cite_ref-ducasteljurgensen_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ducasteljurgensen-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Anthropologist Stewart Guthrie contends that people project human features onto non-human aspects of the world because it makes those aspects more familiar. <a href="/wiki/Sigmund_Freud" title="Sigmund Freud">Sigmund Freud</a> also suggested that god concepts are projections of one's father.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Likewise, <a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Durkheim" title="Émile Durkheim">Émile Durkheim</a> was one of the earliest to suggest that gods represent an extension of human social life to include supernatural beings. In line with this reasoning, psychologist Matt Rossano contends that when humans began living in larger groups, they may have created gods as a means of enforcing morality. In small groups, morality can be enforced by social forces such as gossip or reputation. However, it is much harder to enforce morality using social forces in much larger groups. Rossano indicates that by including ever-watchful gods and spirits, humans discovered an effective strategy for restraining selfishness and building more cooperative groups.<sup id="cite_ref-supernature_98-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-supernature-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Neuroscience_and_psychology">Neuroscience and psychology</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Jungian_interpretation_of_religion" title="Jungian interpretation of religion">Jungian interpretation of religion</a></div> <p>Johns Hopkins researchers studying the effects of the "spirit molecule" <a href="/wiki/DMT" class="mw-redirect" title="DMT">DMT</a>, which is both an endogenous molecule in the human brain and the active molecule in the psychedelic <a href="/wiki/Ayahuasca" title="Ayahuasca">ayahuasca</a>, found that a large majority of respondents said DMT brought them into contact with a "conscious, intelligent, benevolent, and sacred entity", and describe interactions that oozed joy, trust, love, and kindness. More than half of those who had previously self-identified as atheists described some type of belief in a higher power or God after the experience.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>About a quarter of those afflicted by <a href="/wiki/Temporal_lobe_seizure" class="mw-redirect" title="Temporal lobe seizure">temporal lobe seizures</a> experience what is described as a religious experience<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and may become preoccupied by thoughts of God even if they were not previously. Neuroscientist <a href="/wiki/V._S._Ramachandran" title="V. S. Ramachandran">V. S. Ramachandran</a> hypothesizes that seizures in the temporal lobe, which is closely connected to the emotional center of the brain, the <a href="/wiki/Limbic_system" title="Limbic system">limbic system</a>, may lead to those afflicted to view even banal objects with heightened meaning.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Psychologists studying feelings of awe found that participants feeling awe after watching scenes of natural wonders become more likely to believe in a supernatural being and to see events as the result of design, even when given randomly generated numbers.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Relationship_with_humanity">Relationship with humanity</h2></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="Relationship_with_creation"></span> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Duerer-Prayer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Duerer-Prayer.jpg/180px-Duerer-Prayer.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="264" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Duerer-Prayer.jpg/270px-Duerer-Prayer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Duerer-Prayer.jpg/360px-Duerer-Prayer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="575" data-file-height="842" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Praying_Hands_(D%C3%BCrer)" title="Praying Hands (Dürer)">Praying Hands</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Albrecht_D%C3%BCrer" title="Albrecht Dürer">Albrecht Dürer</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Worship">Worship</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Worship" title="Worship">Worship</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prayer" title="Prayer">Prayer</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Supplication" title="Supplication">Supplication</a></div> <p>Theistic religious traditions often require worship of God and sometimes hold that the <a href="/wiki/Purpose_of_existence" class="mw-redirect" title="Purpose of existence">purpose of existence</a> is to worship God.<sup id="cite_ref-patheos1_103-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-patheos1-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To address the issue of an all-powerful being demanding to be worshipped, it is held that God does not need or benefit from worship but that worship is for the benefit of the worshipper.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi" title="Mahatma Gandhi">Mahatma Gandhi</a> expressed the view that God does not need his supplication and that, "Prayer is not an asking. It is a longing of the soul. It is a daily admission of one's weakness."<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Invoking God in prayer plays a significant role among many believers. Depending on the tradition, God can be viewed as a personal God who is only to be invoked directly while other traditions allow praying to intermediaries, such as <a href="/wiki/Saint" title="Saint">saints</a>, to <a href="/wiki/Intercession" title="Intercession">intercede</a> on their behalf. Prayer often also includes <a href="/wiki/Supplication" title="Supplication">supplication</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Forgiveness#Religious_views" title="Forgiveness">asking forgiveness</a>. God is often believed to be forgiving. For example, a <a href="/wiki/Hadith" title="Hadith">hadith</a> states God would replace a sinless people with one who sinned but still asked repentance.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Sacrifice" title="Sacrifice">Sacrifice</a> for the sake of God is another act of devotion that includes <a href="/wiki/Fasting#religious_views" title="Fasting">fasting</a> and <a href="/wiki/Almsgiving" class="mw-redirect" title="Almsgiving">almsgiving</a>. <a href="/wiki/Dhikr" title="Dhikr">Remembrance</a> of God in daily life include mentioning interjections <a href="/wiki/Alhamdulillah" title="Alhamdulillah">thanking God</a> when feeling gratitude or <a href="/wiki/Tasbih" title="Tasbih">phrases of adoration</a>, such as repeating <a href="/wiki/Japa" title="Japa">chants</a> while performing other activities. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Salvation">Salvation</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Salvation" title="Salvation">Salvation</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Transtheistic" class="mw-redirect" title="Transtheistic">Transtheistic</a> religious traditions may believe in the existence of deities but deny any spiritual significance to them. The term has been used to describe certain strands of Buddhism,<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jainism and <a href="/wiki/Stoicism" title="Stoicism">Stoicism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Among religions that do attach spirituality to the relationship with God disagree as how to best worship God and what is <a href="/wiki/Divine_providence" title="Divine providence">God's plan</a> for mankind. There are different approaches to reconciling the contradictory claims of monotheistic religions. One view is taken by exclusivists, who believe they are the <a href="/wiki/Chosen_people" title="Chosen people">chosen people</a> or have exclusive access to absolute truth, generally through <a href="/wiki/Revelation" title="Revelation">revelation</a> or encounter with the Divine, which adherents of other religions do not. Another view is <a href="/wiki/Religious_pluralism" title="Religious pluralism">religious pluralism</a>. A pluralist typically believes that his religion is the right one, but does not deny the partial truth of other religions. The view that all theists actually worship the same god, whether they know it or not, is especially emphasized in the Baháʼí Faith, Hinduism,<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Sikhism.<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith" title="Baháʼí Faith">Baháʼí Faith</a> preaches that <a href="/wiki/Manifestation_of_God_(Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith)" title="Manifestation of God (Baháʼí Faith)">divine manifestations</a> include great prophets and teachers of many of the major religious traditions such as Krishna, Buddha, Jesus, Zoroaster, Muhammad, Bahá'ú'lláh and also preaches the unity of all religions and focuses on these multiple epiphanies as necessary for meeting the needs of humanity at different points in history and for different cultures, and as part of a scheme of <a href="/wiki/Progressive_revelation_(Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD)" title="Progressive revelation (Baháʼí)">progressive revelation</a> and education of humanity. An example of a pluralist view in Christianity is <a href="/wiki/Supersessionism" title="Supersessionism">supersessionism</a>, i.e., the belief that one's religion is the fulfillment of previous religions. A third approach is <a href="/wiki/Inclusivism" title="Inclusivism">relativistic inclusivism</a>, where everybody is seen as equally right; an example being <a href="/wiki/Universalism" title="Universalism">universalism</a>: the doctrine that <a href="/wiki/Salvation" title="Salvation">salvation</a> is eventually available for everyone. A fourth approach is <a href="/wiki/Syncretism" title="Syncretism">syncretism</a>, mixing different elements from different religions. An example of syncretism is the <a href="/wiki/New_Age" title="New Age">New Age</a> movement. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Epistemology">Epistemology</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Faith">Faith</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Faith" title="Faith">Faith</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Fideism" title="Fideism">Fideism</a> is the position that in certain topics, notably theology such as in <a href="/wiki/Reformed_epistemology" title="Reformed epistemology">reformed epistemology</a>, faith is superior than reason in arriving at truths. Some theists argue that there is value to the risk in having faith and that if the arguments for God's existence were as rational as the laws of physics then there would be no risk. Such theists often argue that the heart is attracted to beauty, truth and goodness and so would be best for dictating about God, as illustrated through <a href="/wiki/Blaise_Pascal" title="Blaise Pascal">Blaise Pascal</a> who said, "The heart has its reasons that reason does not know."<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A hadith attributes a quote to God as "I am what my slave thinks of me."<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Inherent intuition about God is referred to in Islam as <i><a href="/wiki/Fitra" title="Fitra">fitra</a></i>, or "innate nature".<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Confucian tradition, Confucius and <a href="/wiki/Mencius" title="Mencius">Mencius</a> promoted that the only justification for right conduct, called the Way, is what is dictated by Heaven, a more or less anthropomorphic higher power, and is implanted in humans and thus there is only one universal foundation for the Way.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Revelation">Revelation</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Revelation" title="Revelation">Revelation</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Prophet" title="Prophet">Prophet</a></div> <p>Revelation refers to some form of message communicated by God. This is usually proposed to occur through the use of <a href="/wiki/Prophet" title="Prophet">prophets</a> or <a href="/wiki/Angel" title="Angel">angels</a>. <a href="/wiki/Al-Maturidi" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Maturidi">Al-Maturidi</a> argued for the need for revelation because even though humans are intellectually capable of realizing God, human desire can divert the intellect and because certain knowledge cannot be known except when specially given to prophets, such as the specifications of acts of worship.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is argued that there is also that which overlaps between what is revealed and what can be derived. According to Islam, one of the earliest revelations to ever be revealed was "If you feel no shame, then do as you wish."<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term <a href="/wiki/General_revelation" title="General revelation">general revelation</a> is used to refer to knowledge revealed about God outside of <a href="/wiki/Direct_revelation" title="Direct revelation">direct</a> or <a href="/wiki/Special_revelation" title="Special revelation">special</a> revelation such as scriptures. Notably, this includes studying nature, sometimes seen as the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Nature" title="Book of Nature">Book of Nature</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An idiom in Arabic states, "The Qur'an is a Universe that speaks. The Universe is a silent Qur'an."<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reason">Reason</h3></div> <p>On matters of theology, some such as <a href="/wiki/Richard_Swinburne" title="Richard Swinburne">Richard Swinburne</a>, take an <a href="/wiki/Evidentialist" class="mw-redirect" title="Evidentialist">evidentialist</a> position, where a belief is only justified if it has a reason behind it, as opposed to holding it as a <a href="/wiki/Foundationalism" title="Foundationalism">foundational belief</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Athari" class="mw-redirect" title="Athari">Traditionalist theology</a> holds that one should not opinionate beyond revelation to understand God's nature and frown upon rationalizations such as <a href="/wiki/Kalam" title="Kalam">speculative theology</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Halverson-36_121-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Halverson-36-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Notably, for <a href="/wiki/Anthropomorphism" title="Anthropomorphism">anthropomorphic descriptions</a> such as the "Hand of God" and <a href="/wiki/Attributes_of_God_in_Islam" title="Attributes of God in Islam">attributes of God</a>, they neither nullify such texts nor accept a literal hand but leave any ambiguity to God, called <i><a href="/wiki/Tafwid" title="Tafwid">tafwid</a></i>, without <a href="/wiki/Bi-la_kaifa" class="mw-redirect" title="Bi-la kaifa">asking how</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hoover_2020_122-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hoover_2020-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Halverson-3637_123-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Halverson-3637-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Physico-theology" class="mw-redirect" title="Physico-theology">Physico-theology</a> provides arguments for theological topics based on reason.<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Specific_characteristics">Specific characteristics</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Attributes_of_God_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Attributes of God (disambiguation)">Attributes of God (disambiguation)</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Titles">Titles</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Names_of_God" title="Names of God">Names of God</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Names_of_God_in_Islam" title="Names of God in Islam">Names of God in Islam</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Allah_Names_in_Chinese_Arabic_Script.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Allah_Names_in_Chinese_Arabic_Script.jpg/170px-Allah_Names_in_Chinese_Arabic_Script.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="425" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/Allah_Names_in_Chinese_Arabic_Script.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>99 names of <a href="/wiki/Allah" title="Allah">Allah</a>, in Chinese <a href="/wiki/Sini_(script)" title="Sini (script)">Sini</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Judeo-Christian" title="Judeo-Christian">Judeo-Christian</a> tradition, "the Bible has been the principal source of the conceptions of God". That the Bible "includes many different images, concepts, and ways of thinking about" God has resulted in perpetual "disagreements about how God is to be conceived and understood".<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Throughout the Hebrew and Christian Bibles there are titles for God, who revealed his personal name as <a href="/wiki/YHWH" class="mw-redirect" title="YHWH">YHWH</a> (often vocalized as <i>Yahweh</i> or <i>Jehovah</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-Parke-Taylor2006_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Parke-Taylor2006-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of them is <i><a href="/wiki/Elohim" title="Elohim">Elohim</a></i>. Another one is <i><a href="/wiki/El_Shaddai" title="El Shaddai">El Shaddai</a></i>, translated 'God Almighty'.<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A third notable title is <i><a href="/wiki/El_Elyon" class="mw-redirect" title="El Elyon">El Elyon</a></i>, which means 'The High God'.<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also noted in the <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Bible" title="Hebrew Bible">Hebrew</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bible#Christian_Bible" title="Bible">Christian</a> Bibles is the name "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_that_I_Am" title="I Am that I Am">I Am that I Am</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Parke-Taylor2006_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Parke-Taylor2006-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>God is described and referred in the <a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a> and hadith by certain <a href="/wiki/Names_of_God_in_Islam" title="Names of God in Islam">names or attributes</a>, the most common being <i><a href="/wiki/R-%E1%B8%A4-M" title="R-Ḥ-M">Al-Rahman</a></i>, meaning 'Most Compassionate', and <i>Al-Rahim</i>, meaning 'Most Merciful'.<sup id="cite_ref-Ben_129-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ben-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many of these names are also used in the scriptures of the <a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith" title="Baháʼí Faith">Baháʼí Faith</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Vaishnavism" title="Vaishnavism">Vaishnavism</a>, a tradition in Hinduism, has a <a href="/wiki/List_of_titles_and_names_of_Krishna" title="List of titles and names of Krishna">list of titles and names of Krishna</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gender">Gender</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Gender_of_God" title="Gender of God">Gender of God</a></div> <p>The gender of God may be viewed as either a literal or an allegorical aspect of a deity who, in classical Western philosophy, transcends bodily form.<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Polytheistic" class="mw-redirect" title="Polytheistic">Polytheistic</a> religions commonly attribute to each of <i>the gods</i> a gender, allowing each to interact with any of the others, and perhaps with humans, sexually. In most monotheistic religions, God has no counterpart with which to relate sexually. Thus, in classical Western philosophy the gender of this one-and-only deity is most likely to be an <a href="/wiki/Analogical" class="mw-redirect" title="Analogical">analogical</a> statement of how humans and God address, and relate to, each other. Namely, God is seen as begetter of the world and revelation which corresponds to the active (as opposed to the receptive) role in sexual intercourse.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_132-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Biblical sources usually refer to God using male or paternal words and symbolism, except <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Genesis#1:26" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Genesis">Genesis 1:26–27</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Psalms#123:2" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Psalms">Psalm 123:2–3</a>, and <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Luke#15:8" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Luke">Luke 15:8–10</a> (female); <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Hosea#11:3" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Hosea">Hosea 11:3–4</a>, <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Deuteronomy#32:18" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Deuteronomy">Deuteronomy 32:18</a>, <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Isaiah#66:13" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Isaiah">Isaiah 66:13</a>, <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Isaiah#49:15" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Isaiah">Isaiah 49:15</a>, <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Isaiah#42:14" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Isaiah">Isaiah 42:14</a>, <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Psalms#131:2" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Psalms">Psalm 131:2</a> (a mother); <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Deuteronomy#32:11" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Deuteronomy">Deuteronomy 32:11–12</a> (a mother eagle); and <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Matthew#23:37" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Matthew">Matthew 23:37</a> and <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Luke#13:34" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Luke">Luke 13:34</a> (a mother hen). </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Sikhism" title="Sikhism">Sikhism</a>, <a href="/wiki/God_in_Sikhism" title="God in Sikhism">God</a> is "Ajuni" (Without Incarnations), which means that God is not bound to any physical forms. This concludes that the All-pervading Lord is Gender-less.<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the <a href="/wiki/Guru_Granth_Sahib" title="Guru Granth Sahib">Guru Granth Sahib</a> constantly refers to God as 'He' and 'Father' (with some exceptions), typically because the Guru Granth Sahib was written in north Indian <a href="/wiki/Indo-Aryan_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Aryan language">Indo-Aryan languages</a> (mixture of <a href="/wiki/Punjabi_language" title="Punjabi language">Punjabi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sant_Bhasha" title="Sant Bhasha">Sant Bhasha</a>, Sanskrit with influences of Persian) which have no neutral gender. From further insights into the Sikh philosophy, it can be deduced that God is, sometimes, referred to as the Husband to the Soul-brides, in order to make a patriarchal society understand what the relationship with God is like. Also, God is considered to be the Father, Mother, and Companion.<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Depiction">Depiction</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Incorporeality" title="Incorporeality">Incorporeality</a> and <a href="/wiki/God_the_Father_in_Western_art" title="God the Father in Western art">God the Father in Western art</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Naqsh_i_Rustam._Investiture_d%27Ardashir_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Naqsh_i_Rustam._Investiture_d%27Ardashir_1.jpg/220px-Naqsh_i_Rustam._Investiture_d%27Ardashir_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Naqsh_i_Rustam._Investiture_d%27Ardashir_1.jpg/330px-Naqsh_i_Rustam._Investiture_d%27Ardashir_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Naqsh_i_Rustam._Investiture_d%27Ardashir_1.jpg/440px-Naqsh_i_Rustam._Investiture_d%27Ardashir_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1574" data-file-height="1038" /></a><figcaption>Ahura Mazda (depiction is on the right, with high crown) presents <a href="/wiki/Ardashir_I" title="Ardashir I">Ardashir I</a> (left) with the ring of kingship. (Relief at <a href="/wiki/Naqsh-e_Rustam" class="mw-redirect" title="Naqsh-e Rustam">Naqsh-e Rustam</a>, 3rd century CE)</figcaption></figure> <p>In Zoroastrianism, during the early <a href="/wiki/Parthian_Empire" title="Parthian Empire">Parthian Empire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ahura_Mazda" title="Ahura Mazda">Ahura Mazda</a> was visually represented for worship. This practice ended during the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/Sasanian_Empire" title="Sasanian Empire">Sasanian Empire</a>. Zoroastrian <a href="/wiki/Iconoclasm" title="Iconoclasm">iconoclasm</a>, which can be traced to the end of the Parthian period and the beginning of the Sassanid, eventually put an end to the use of all images of Ahura Mazda in worship. However, Ahura Mazda continued to be symbolized by a dignified male figure, standing or on horseback, which is found in Sassanian investiture.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoyce1983686_137-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoyce1983686-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Deities from Near Eastern cultures are often thought of as <a href="/wiki/Anthropomorphic" class="mw-redirect" title="Anthropomorphic">anthropomorphic</a> entities who have a human like body which is, however, not equal to a human body. Such bodies were often thought to be radiant or fiery, of superhuman size or extreme beauty. The ancient deity of the <a href="/wiki/Israelites" title="Israelites">Israelites</a> (<a href="/wiki/Yahweh" title="Yahweh">Yahweh</a>) too was imagined as a transcendent but still anthropomorphic deity.<sup id="cite_ref-Transcendent_138-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Transcendent-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Humans could not see him, because of their impurity in contrast to Yahweh's holiness, Yahweh being described as radiating fire and light which could kill a human if looking at him. Further, more religious or spiritual people tend to have less anthropomorphic depictions of God.<sup id="cite_ref-Shaman_139-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shaman-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Judaism, the <a href="/wiki/Torah" title="Torah">Torah</a> often ascribes human features to God, however, many other passages describe God as formless and otherworldly. Judaism is <a href="/wiki/Aniconic" class="mw-redirect" title="Aniconic">aniconic</a>, meaning it overly lacks material, physical representations of both the natural and supernatural worlds. Furthermore, the worship of idols is strictly forbidden. The traditional view, elaborated by figures such as <a href="/wiki/Maimonides" title="Maimonides">Maimonides</a>, reckons that God is wholly incomprehensible and therefore impossible to envision, resulting in a historical tradition of "divine incorporeality". As such, attempting to describe God's "appearance" in practical terms is considered disrespectful to the deity and thus is taboo, and arguably heretical.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Gnostic" class="mw-redirect" title="Gnostic">Gnostic</a> cosmogony often depicts the creator god of the Old Testament as an evil lesser deity or <a href="/wiki/Demiurge#Gnosticism" title="Demiurge">Demiurge</a>, while the higher benevolent god or <a href="/wiki/Monad_(Gnosticism)" title="Monad (Gnosticism)">Monad</a> is thought of as something beyond comprehension having immeasurable light and not in time or among things that exist, but rather is greater than them in a sense. All people are said to have a piece of God or <a href="/wiki/Divine_spark" title="Divine spark">divine spark</a> within them which has fallen from the immaterial world into the corrupt material world and is trapped unless <a href="/wiki/Gnosis" title="Gnosis">gnosis</a> is attained.<sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ascension,_sacramentaire_de_Drogon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Ascension%2C_sacramentaire_de_Drogon.jpg/260px-Ascension%2C_sacramentaire_de_Drogon.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="249" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Ascension%2C_sacramentaire_de_Drogon.jpg/390px-Ascension%2C_sacramentaire_de_Drogon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Ascension%2C_sacramentaire_de_Drogon.jpg/520px-Ascension%2C_sacramentaire_de_Drogon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1699" data-file-height="1628" /></a><figcaption>Use of the symbolic <a href="/wiki/Hand_of_God_(art)" title="Hand of God (art)">Hand of God</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Ascension_of_Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Ascension of Christ">Ascension</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Drogo_Sacramentary" title="Drogo Sacramentary">Drogo Sacramentary</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 850</span></figcaption></figure> <p>Early Christians believed that the words of the <a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_John" title="Gospel of John">Gospel of John</a> 1:18: "No man has seen God at any time" and numerous other statements were meant to apply not only to God, but to all attempts at the depiction of God.<sup id="cite_ref-James_Cornwell_page_24_143-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-James_Cornwell_page_24-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, later depictions of God are found. Some, such as the <a href="/wiki/Hand_of_God_(art)" title="Hand of God (art)">Hand of God</a>, are depiction borrowed from Jewish art. Prior to the 10th century no attempt was made to use a human to symbolize <a href="/wiki/God_the_Father" title="God the Father">God the Father</a> in <a href="/wiki/Western_art" class="mw-redirect" title="Western art">Western art</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-James_Cornwell_page_24_143-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-James_Cornwell_page_24-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yet, Western art eventually required some way to illustrate the presence of the Father, so through successive representations a set of artistic styles for symbolizing the Father using a man gradually emerged around the 10th century AD. A rationale for the use of a human is the belief that God created the soul of man in the image of his own (thus allowing humans to transcend the other animals). It appears that when early artists designed to represent God the Father, fear and awe restrained them from a usage of the whole human figure. Typically only a small part would be used as the image, usually the hand, or sometimes the face, but rarely a whole human. In many images, the figure of the Son supplants the Father, so a smaller portion of the person of the Father is depicted.<sup id="cite_ref-Adolphe_Napoléon_Didron_pages_169_144-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Adolphe_Napoléon_Didron_pages_169-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the 12th century depictions of God the Father had started to appear in French <a href="/wiki/Illuminated_manuscript" title="Illuminated manuscript">illuminated manuscripts</a>, which as a less public form could often be more adventurous in their iconography, and in stained glass church windows in England. Initially the head or bust was usually shown in some form of frame of clouds in the top of the picture space, where the Hand of God had formerly appeared; the <a href="/wiki/Baptism_of_Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptism of Christ">Baptism of Christ</a> on the famous <a href="/wiki/Baptismal_font_at_St_Bartholomew%27s_Church,_Li%C3%A8ge" title="Baptismal font at St Bartholomew's Church, Liège">baptismal font in Liège</a> of <a href="/wiki/Rainer_of_Huy" class="mw-redirect" title="Rainer of Huy">Rainer of Huy</a> is an example from 1118 (a Hand of God is used in another scene). Gradually the amount of the human symbol shown can increase to a half-length figure, then a full-length, usually enthroned, as in <a href="/wiki/Giotto" title="Giotto">Giotto</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Fresco" title="Fresco">fresco</a> <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1305</span> in <a href="/wiki/Padua" title="Padua">Padua</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_145-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 14th century the <a href="/wiki/Naples_Bible" title="Naples Bible">Naples Bible</a> carried a depiction of God the Father in the <a href="/wiki/Burning_bush" title="Burning bush">Burning bush</a>. By the early 15th century, the <a href="/wiki/Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_Duc_de_Berry" title="Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry">Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry</a> had a considerable number of symbols, including an elderly but tall and elegant full-length figure walking in the <a href="/wiki/Garden_of_Eden" title="Garden of Eden">Garden of Eden</a>, which show a considerable diversity of apparent ages and dress. The <a href="/wiki/Battistero_di_San_Giovanni_(Florence)#Lorenzo_Ghiberti" class="mw-redirect" title="Battistero di San Giovanni (Florence)">"Gates of Paradise" of the Florence Baptistry</a> by <a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_Ghiberti" title="Lorenzo Ghiberti">Lorenzo Ghiberti</a>, begun in 1425 use a similar tall full-length symbol for the Father. The <a href="/wiki/Rohan_Book_of_Hours" class="mw-redirect" title="Rohan Book of Hours">Rohan Book of Hours</a> of about 1430 also included depictions of God the Father in half-length human form, which were now becoming standard, and the Hand of God becoming rarer. At the same period other works, such as the large Genesis <a href="/wiki/Altarpiece" title="Altarpiece">altarpiece</a> by the Hamburg painter <a href="/wiki/Meister_Bertram" class="mw-redirect" title="Meister Bertram">Meister Bertram</a>, continued to use the old depiction of Christ as <i><a href="/wiki/Logos_(Christianity)" title="Logos (Christianity)">Logos</a></i> in Genesis scenes. In the 15th century there was a brief fashion for depicting all three persons of the Trinity as <a href="/wiki/Trinity#Less_common_types_of_depiction" title="Trinity">similar or identical figures with the usual appearance of Christ</a>. In a Trinitarian <a href="/wiki/Piet%C3%A0" title="Pietà">Pietà</a>, God the Father is often symbolized using a man wearing a papal dress and a papal crown, supporting the dead Christ in his arms.<sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1667 the 43rd chapter of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Moscow_Synod" title="Great Moscow Synod">Great Moscow Synod</a> specifically included a ban on a number of symbolic depictions of God the Father and the Holy Spirit, which then also resulted in a range of other icons being placed on the forbidden list,<sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> mostly affecting Western-style depictions which had been gaining ground in Orthodox icons. The council also declared that the person of the Trinity who was the "Ancient of Days" was Christ, as <i>logos</i>, not God the Father. However some icons continued to be produced in Russia, as well as Greece, Romania, and other Orthodox countries. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Istanbul_027_(6445021161).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Istanbul_027_%286445021161%29.jpg/170px-Istanbul_027_%286445021161%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Istanbul_027_%286445021161%29.jpg/255px-Istanbul_027_%286445021161%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Istanbul_027_%286445021161%29.jpg/340px-Istanbul_027_%286445021161%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="1620" /></a><figcaption>Arabic script of "Allah" in <a href="/wiki/Hagia_Sophia" title="Hagia Sophia">Hagia Sophia</a>, Istanbul</figcaption></figure> <p>In Islam, Muslims believe that God (<a href="/wiki/Allah" title="Allah">Allah</a>) is beyond all comprehension, and does not resemble any of his creations in any way. Muslims tend to use the least anthropomorphism among monotheists.<sup id="cite_ref-Shaman_139-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shaman-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are not <a href="/wiki/Iconodules" class="mw-redirect" title="Iconodules">iconodules</a> and have religious calligraphy of titles of God instead of pictures.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_149-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output 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ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><span class="selfreference"><a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/God" title="Special:PrefixIndex/God">All pages with titles beginning with <i>God</i></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apatheism" title="Apatheism">Apatheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apeiron_(cosmology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Apeiron (cosmology)">Apeiron (cosmology)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demigod" title="Demigod">Demigod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Existence_of_God" title="Existence of God">Existence of God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_complex" title="God complex">God complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relationship_between_religion_and_science" title="Relationship between religion and science">Relationship between religion and science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_man_factor" title="Third man factor">Third man factor</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Swinburne-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Swinburne_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Swinburne_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Swinburne_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Swinburne_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Swinburne_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSwinburne1995" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Swinburne" title="Richard Swinburne">Swinburne, R. G.</a> (1995). "God". In <a href="/wiki/Ted_Honderich" title="Ted Honderich">Honderich, Ted</a> (ed.). <i>The Oxford Companion to Philosophy</i>. Oxford University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=God&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Companion+to+Philosophy&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.aulast=Swinburne&rft.aufirst=R.+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist" style="display:inline-flex;--size:100%; max-width:max(15em, calc(var(--size) - 3.2em));"><ul style="display:inline-block"><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">"god". <i>Cambridge Dictionary</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=god&rft.btitle=Cambridge+Dictionary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">"God". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/god"><i>Merriam-Webster English Dictionary</i></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230220102221/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/god">Archived</a> from the original on 20 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=God&rft.btitle=Merriam-Webster+English+Dictionary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Fgod&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist" style="display:inline-flex;--size:100%; max-width:max(15em, calc(var(--size) - 3.2em));"><ul style="display:inline-block"><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">"Theism". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/theism"><i>Dictionary.com</i></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231202194557/https://www.dictionary.com/browse/theism?">Archived</a> from the original on 2 December 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Theism&rft.btitle=Dictionary.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dictionary.com%2Fbrowse%2Ftheism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">"Theism". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/theism"><i>Merriam-Webster English Dictionary</i></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110514194441/http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/theism">Archived</a> from the original on 14 May 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Theism&rft.btitle=Merriam-Webster+English+Dictionary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Ftheism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Plantinga-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Plantinga_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Plantinga_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Plantinga,_Alvin" class="mw-redirect" title="Plantinga, Alvin">Plantinga, Alvin</a>. "God, Arguments for the Existence of", <i>Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy</i>, Routledge, 2000.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBordwell2002" class="citation book cs1">Bordwell, David (2002). <i>Catechism of the Catholic Church</i>. Continuum. p. 84. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-860-12324-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-860-12324-8"><bdi>978-0-860-12324-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Catechism+of+the+Catholic+Church&rft.pages=84&rft.pub=Continuum&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-860-12324-8&rft.aulast=Bordwell&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130303003725/https://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG0015/__P17.HTM">"Catechism of the Catholic Church"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG0015/__P17.HTM">the original</a> on 3 March 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2016</span> – via IntraText.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Catechism+of+the+Catholic+Church&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vatican.va%2Farchive%2FENG0015%2F__P17.HTM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The ulterior etymology is disputed. Apart from the unlikely hypothesis of adoption from a foreign tongue, the OTeut. "ghuba" implies as its preTeut-type either "*ghodho-m" or "*ghodto-m". The former does not appear to admit of explanation; but the latter would represent the neut. pple. of a root "gheu-". There are two Aryan roots of the required form ("*g,heu-" with palatal aspirate) one with meaning 'to invoke' (Skr. "hu") the other 'to pour, to offer sacrifice' (Skr "hu", Gr. χεηi;ν, OE "geotàn" Yete v). <a href="/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary Compact Edition, G, p. 267</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BARNHART323-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BARNHART323_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Barnhart, Robert K. (1995). <i>The Barnhart Concise Dictionary of Etymology: the Origins of American English Words</i>, p. 323. <a href="/wiki/HarperCollins" title="HarperCollins">HarperCollins</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0062700847" title="Special:BookSources/0062700847">0062700847</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Webster%27s_New_World_Dictionary" title="Webster's New World Dictionary">Webster's New World Dictionary</a>; "God n. ME [Middle English] < OE [Old English], akin to Ger gott, Goth guth, prob. < IE base *ĝhau-, to call out to, invoke > Sans havaté, (he) calls upon; 1. any of various beings conceived of as supernatural, immortal, and having special powers over the lives and affairs of people and the course of nature; deity, esp. a male deity: typically considered objects of worship; 2. an image that is worshiped; idol 3. a person or thing deified or excessively honored and admired; 4. [G-] in monotheistic religions, the creator and ruler of the universe, regarded as eternal, infinite, all-powerful, and all-knowing; Supreme Being; the Almighty"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/God">Dictionary.com</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090419052813/http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/God">Archived</a> 19 April 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>; "God /gɒd/ noun: 1. the one Supreme Being, the creator and ruler of the universe. 2. the Supreme Being considered with reference to a particular attribute. 3. (lowercase) one of several deities, esp. a male deity, presiding over some portion of worldly affairs. 4. (often lowercase) a supreme being according to some particular conception: the God of mercy. 5. Christian Science. the Supreme Being, understood as Life, Truth, Love, Mind, Soul, Spirit, Principle. 6. (lowercase) an image of a deity; an idol. 7. (lowercase) any deified person or object. 8. (often lowercase) Gods, Theater. 8a. the upper balcony in a theater. 8b. the spectators in this part of the balcony."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Parke-Taylor2006-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Parke-Taylor2006_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Parke-Taylor2006_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Parke-Taylor2006_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParke-Taylor2006" class="citation book cs1">Parke-Taylor, G. H. (1 January 2006). <i>Yahweh: The Divine Name in the Bible</i>. <a href="/wiki/Wilfrid_Laurier_University_Press" title="Wilfrid Laurier University Press">Wilfrid Laurier University Press</a>. p. 4. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0889206526" title="Special:BookSources/978-0889206526"><bdi>978-0889206526</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Yahweh%3A+The+Divine+Name+in+the+Bible&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=Wilfrid+Laurier+University+Press&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.isbn=978-0889206526&rft.aulast=Parke-Taylor&rft.aufirst=G.+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Barton2006-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Barton2006_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarton2006" class="citation book cs1">Barton, G. A. (2006). <i>A Sketch of Semitic Origins: Social and Religious</i>. Kessinger Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1428615755" title="Special:BookSources/978-1428615755"><bdi>978-1428615755</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Sketch+of+Semitic+Origins%3A+Social+and+Religious&rft.pub=Kessinger+Publishing&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1428615755&rft.aulast=Barton&rft.aufirst=G.+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Loewen2020-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Loewen2020_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLoewen2020" class="citation book cs1">Loewen, Jacob A. (1 June 2020). <i>The Bible in Cross Cultural Perspective</i> (Revised ed.). William Carey. p. 182. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1645083047" title="Special:BookSources/978-1645083047"><bdi>978-1645083047</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bible+in+Cross+Cultural+Perspective&rft.pages=182&rft.edition=Revised&rft.pub=William+Carey&rft.date=2020-06-01&rft.isbn=978-1645083047&rft.aulast=Loewen&rft.aufirst=Jacob+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/empires/islam/faithgod.html">"God"</a>. <i>Islam: Empire of Faith</i>. PBS. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140327034958/http://www.pbs.org/empires/islam/faithgod.html">Archived</a> from the original on 27 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 December</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Islam%3A+Empire+of+Faith&rft.atitle=God&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fempires%2Fislam%2Ffaithgod.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Islam and Christianity", <i>Encyclopedia of Christianity</i> (2001): Arabic-speaking <a href="/wiki/Christians" title="Christians">Christians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jew" class="mw-redirect" title="Jew">Jews</a> also refer to God as <i>Allāh</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGardet" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Gardet, L. "Allah". <i>Encyclopaedia of Islam Online</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Allah&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Islam+Online&rft.aulast=Gardet&rft.aufirst=L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Levine, Michael P. (2002). <i>Pantheism: A Non-Theistic Concept of Deity</i>, p. 136.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hastings541-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hastings541_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHastings1925–2003">Hastings 1925–2003</a>, p. 540.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McDaniel, June (2013), A Modern Hindu Monotheism: Indonesian Hindus as 'People of the Book'. The Journal of Hindu Studies, Oxford University Press, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fjhs%2Fhit030">10.1093/jhs/hit030</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoyce1983685-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoyce1983685_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBoyce1983">Boyce 1983</a>, p. 685.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kidder, David S.; Oppenheim, Noah D. The Intellectual Devotional: Revive Your Mind, Complete Your Education, and Roam confidently with the cultured class, p. 364.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Duggal, Kartar Singh (1988). <i>Philosophy and Faith of Sikhism</i>, p. ix.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Baháʾuʾlláh, Joyce Watanabe (2006). A Feast for the Soul: Meditations on the Attributes of God : ... p. x.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Assmann, Jan. <i>Religion and Cultural Memory: Ten Studies</i>, Stanford University Press 2005, p. 59.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Miriam_Lichtheim" title="Miriam Lichtheim">Lichtheim, M.</a> (1980). <i>Ancient Egyptian Literature</i>, Vol. 2, p. 96.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAfigboFalola2006" class="citation book cs1">Afigbo, A. E; Falola, Toyin (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/61361536"><i>Myth, history and society: the collected works of Adiele Afigbo</i></a>. Trenton, New Jersey: Africa World Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1592214198" title="Special:BookSources/978-1592214198"><bdi>978-1592214198</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/61361536">61361536</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240523094823/https://search.worldcat.org/title/61361536">Archived</a> from the original on 23 May 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Myth%2C+history+and+society%3A+the+collected+works+of+Adiele+Afigbo&rft.place=Trenton%2C+New+Jersey&rft.pub=Africa+World+Press&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F61361536&rft.isbn=978-1592214198&rft.aulast=Afigbo&rft.aufirst=A.+E&rft.au=Falola%2C+Toyin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F61361536&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Buckley_2002-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Buckley_2002_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBuckley2002" class="citation book cs1">Buckley, Jorunn Jacobsen (2002). <i>The Mandaeans: ancient texts and modern people</i>. New York: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0195153855" title="Special:BookSources/0195153855"><bdi>0195153855</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/65198443">65198443</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Mandaeans%3A+ancient+texts+and+modern+people&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F65198443&rft.isbn=0195153855&rft.aulast=Buckley&rft.aufirst=Jorunn+Jacobsen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nashmi-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Nashmi_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNashmi2013" class="citation cs2">Nashmi, Yuhana (24 April 2013), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mandaeanunion.com/history-english/item/488-mandaean-faith">"Contemporary Issues for the Mandaean Faith"</a>, <i>Mandaean Associations Union</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211031155605/http://www.mandaeanunion.com/history-english/item/488-mandaean-faith">archived</a> from the original on 31 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 December</span> 2021</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mandaean+Associations+Union&rft.atitle=Contemporary+Issues+for+the+Mandaean+Faith&rft.date=2013-04-24&rft.aulast=Nashmi&rft.aufirst=Yuhana&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mandaeanunion.com%2Fhistory-english%2Fitem%2F488-mandaean-faith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See e.g. <i>The Rationality of Theism</i> quoting <a href="/wiki/Quentin_Smith" title="Quentin Smith">Quentin Smith</a>, "God is not 'dead' in academia; it returned to life in the late 1960s." They cite the shift from hostility towards theism in Paul Edwards's <i>Encyclopedia of Philosophy</i> (1967) to sympathy towards theism in the more recent <i><a href="/wiki/Routledge_Encyclopedia_of_Philosophy" title="Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy">Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/ontological-arguments/">"Ontological Arguments"</a>. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230525190107/https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/ontological-arguments/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 May 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ontological+Arguments&rft.pub=Stanford+Encyclopedia+of+Philosophy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fplato.stanford.edu%2Fentries%2Fontological-arguments%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAquinas1990" class="citation book cs1">Aquinas, Thomas (1990). Kreeft, Peter (ed.). <i>Summa of the Summa</i>. Ignatius Press. pp. 65–69.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Summa+of+the+Summa&rft.pages=65-69&rft.pub=Ignatius+Press&rft.date=1990&rft.aulast=Aquinas&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRatzschKoperski2005" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Ratzsch, Del; Koperski, Jeffrey (10 June 2005) [2005]. "Teleological Arguments for God's Existence". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/teleological-arguments/"><i>Teleological Arguments for God's Existence</i></a>. <i>Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191007141418/https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/teleological-arguments/">Archived</a> from the original on 7 October 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Teleological+Arguments+for+God%27s+Existence&rft.btitle=Stanford+Encyclopedia+of+Philosophy&rft.date=2005-06-10&rft.aulast=Ratzsch&rft.aufirst=Del&rft.au=Koperski%2C+Jeffrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fplato.stanford.edu%2Fentries%2Fteleological-arguments%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/fine-tuning/">"Fine-Tuning"</a>. <i>The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy</i>. Center for the Study of Language and Information (CSLI), Stanford University. 22 August 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231010234820/https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/fine-tuning/">Archived</a> from the original on 10 October 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Stanford+Encyclopedia+of+Philosophy&rft.atitle=Fine-Tuning&rft.date=2017-08-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fplato.stanford.edu%2Fentries%2Ffine-tuning%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChappell2015" class="citation journal cs1">Chappell, Jonathan (2015). "A Grammar of Descent: John Henry Newman and the Compatibility of Evolution with Christian Doctrine". <i>Science and Christian Belief</i>. <b>27</b> (2): 180–206.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+and+Christian+Belief&rft.atitle=A+Grammar+of+Descent%3A+John+Henry+Newman+and+the+Compatibility+of+Evolution+with+Christian+Doctrine&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=180-206&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Chappell&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSwinburne2004" class="citation book cs1">Swinburne, Richard (2004). <i>The Existence of God</i> (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 190–91. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0199271689" title="Special:BookSources/978-0199271689"><bdi>978-0199271689</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Existence+of+God&rft.pages=190-91&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0199271689&rft.aulast=Swinburne&rft.aufirst=Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>The existence of God</i> (1 ed.). Watts & Co. p. 75.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+existence+of+God&rft.pages=75&rft.edition=1&rft.pub=Watts+%26+Co.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Minority Report</i>, H. L. Mencken's Notebooks, Knopf, 1956.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartin,_Michael1992" class="citation book cs1">Martin, Michael (1992). <i>Atheism: A Philosophical Justification</i>. Temple University Press. pp. 213–214. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0877229438" title="Special:BookSources/978-0877229438"><bdi>978-0877229438</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Atheism%3A+A+Philosophical+Justification&rft.pages=213-214&rft.pub=Temple+University+Press&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0877229438&rft.au=Martin%2C+Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCraigMoreland2011" class="citation book cs1">Craig, William Lane; Moreland, J. P. (2011). <i>The Blackwell Companion to Natural Theology</i>. John Wiley & Sons. p. 393. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1444350852" title="Special:BookSources/978-1444350852"><bdi>978-1444350852</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Blackwell+Companion+to+Natural+Theology&rft.pages=393&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1444350852&rft.aulast=Craig&rft.aufirst=William+Lane&rft.au=Moreland%2C+J.+P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParkinson1988" class="citation book cs1">Parkinson, G. H. R. (1988). <i>An Encyclopedia of Philosophy</i>. Taylor & Francis. pp. 344–345. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0415003230" title="Special:BookSources/978-0415003230"><bdi>978-0415003230</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Encyclopedia+of+Philosophy&rft.pages=344-345&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-0415003230&rft.aulast=Parkinson&rft.aufirst=G.+H.+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nielsen 2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Edwards 2005"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Henry_Huxley" title="Thomas Henry Huxley">Thomas Henry Huxley</a>, an English biologist, was the first to come up with the word <i>agnostic</i> in 1869 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDixon2008" class="citation book cs1">Dixon, Thomas (2008). <i>Science and Religion: A Very Short Introduction</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 63. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0199295517" title="Special:BookSources/978-0199295517"><bdi>978-0199295517</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Science+and+Religion%3A+A+Very+Short+Introduction&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=63&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0199295517&rft.aulast=Dixon&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span> However, earlier authors and published works have promoted an agnostic points of view. They include <a href="/wiki/Protagoras" title="Protagoras">Protagoras</a>, a 5th-century BCE Greek philosopher. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iep.utm.edu/p/protagor.htm">"The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy – Protagoras (c. 490 – c. 420 BCE)"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081014181706/http://www.iep.utm.edu/p/protagor.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 14 October 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 October</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Internet+Encyclopedia+of+Philosophy+%E2%80%93+Protagoras+%28c.+490+%E2%80%93+c.+420+BCE%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iep.utm.edu%2Fp%2Fprotagor.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hepburn-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hepburn_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHepburn2005" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Hepburn, Ronald W. (2005) [1967]. "Agnosticism". In Borchert, Donald M. (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_of_Philosophy" title="The Encyclopedia of Philosophy">The Encyclopedia of Philosophy</a></i>. Vol. 1 (2nd ed.). MacMillan Reference US (Gale). p. 92. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0028657806" title="Special:BookSources/978-0028657806"><bdi>978-0028657806</bdi></a>. <q>In the most general use of the term, agnosticism is the view that we do not know whether there is a God or not.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Agnosticism&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Philosophy&rft.pages=92&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=MacMillan+Reference+US+%28Gale%29&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0028657806&rft.aulast=Hepburn&rft.aufirst=Ronald+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span> (p. 56 in 1967 edition).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RoweRoutledge-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RoweRoutledge_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRowe1998" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/William_L._Rowe" title="William L. Rowe">Rowe, William L.</a> (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=VQ-GhVWTH84C&q=agnosticism&pg=PA122">"Agnosticism"</a>. In Craig, Edward (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Routledge_Encyclopedia_of_Philosophy" title="Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy">Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy</a></i>. Taylor & Francis. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0415073103" title="Special:BookSources/978-0415073103"><bdi>978-0415073103</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240523094732/https://books.google.com/books?id=VQ-GhVWTH84C&q=agnosticism&pg=PA122">Archived</a> from the original on 23 May 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Agnosticism&rft.btitle=Routledge+Encyclopedia+of+Philosophy&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0415073103&rft.aulast=Rowe&rft.aufirst=William+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVQ-GhVWTH84C%26q%3Dagnosticism%26pg%3DPA122&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">{{cite encyclopedia |year=2012 |entry=agnostic, agnosticism |dictionary=Oxford English Dictionary Online |publisher=Oxford University Press |edition=3rd}</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dawkins-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dawkins_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDawkins2006" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Dawkins" title="Richard Dawkins">Dawkins, Richard</a> (23 October 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/richard-dawkins/why-there-almost-certainl_b_32164.html">"Why There Almost Certainly Is No God"</a>. <i>The Huffington Post</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181006010610/https://www.huffingtonpost.com/richard-dawkins/why-there-almost-certainl_b_32164.html">Archived</a> from the original on 6 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 January</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Huffington+Post&rft.atitle=Why+There+Almost+Certainly+Is+No+God&rft.date=2006-10-23&rft.aulast=Dawkins&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2Frichard-dawkins%2Fwhy-there-almost-certainl_b_32164.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSagan1996" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Carl_Sagan" title="Carl Sagan">Sagan, Carl</a> (1996). <i>The Demon Haunted World</i>. New York: Ballantine Books. p. 278. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0345409461" title="Special:BookSources/978-0345409461"><bdi>978-0345409461</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Demon+Haunted+World&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=278&rft.pub=Ballantine+Books&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0345409461&rft.aulast=Sagan&rft.aufirst=Carl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mcgrath2005-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mcgrath2005_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcGrath2005" class="citation book cs1">McGrath, Alister E. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=V9dr6167AJ8C"><i>Dawkins' God: genes, memes, and the meaning of life</i></a>. Wiley-Blackwell. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1405125390" title="Special:BookSources/978-1405125390"><bdi>978-1405125390</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dawkins%27+God%3A+genes%2C+memes%2C+and+the+meaning+of+life&rft.pub=Wiley-Blackwell&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-1405125390&rft.aulast=McGrath&rft.aufirst=Alister+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DV9dr6167AJ8C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-barackman2001-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-barackman2001_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarackman2001" class="citation book cs1">Barackman, Floyd H. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Jb5aRB7OxWsC"><i>Practical Christian Theology: Examining the Great Doctrines of the Faith</i></a>. Kregel Academic. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0825423802" title="Special:BookSources/978-0825423802"><bdi>978-0825423802</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Practical+Christian+Theology%3A+Examining+the+Great+Doctrines+of+the+Faith&rft.pub=Kregel+Academic&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0825423802&rft.aulast=Barackman&rft.aufirst=Floyd+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJb5aRB7OxWsC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGould1998" class="citation book cs1">Gould, Stephen J. (1998). <i>Leonardo's Mountain of Clams and the Diet of Worms</i>. Jonathan Cape. p. 274. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0224050432" title="Special:BookSources/978-0224050432"><bdi>978-0224050432</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Leonardo%27s+Mountain+of+Clams+and+the+Diet+of+Worms&rft.pages=274&rft.pub=Jonathan+Cape&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0224050432&rft.aulast=Gould&rft.aufirst=Stephen+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dawkins-Delusion-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dawkins-Delusion_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDawkins2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Dawkins" title="Richard Dawkins">Dawkins, Richard</a> (2006). <i>The God Delusion</i>. Great Britain: Bantam Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0618680009" title="Special:BookSources/978-0618680009"><bdi>978-0618680009</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+God+Delusion&rft.place=Great+Britain&rft.pub=Bantam+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0618680009&rft.aulast=Dawkins&rft.aufirst=Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHawkingMlodinow2010" class="citation book cs1">Hawking, Stephen; Mlodinow, Leonard (2010). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/granddesign0000hawk"><i>The Grand Design</i></a></span>. Bantam Books. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/granddesign0000hawk/page/172">172</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0553805376" title="Special:BookSources/978-0553805376"><bdi>978-0553805376</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Grand+Design&rft.pages=172&rft.pub=Bantam+Books&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0553805376&rft.aulast=Hawking&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.au=Mlodinow%2C+Leonard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgranddesign0000hawk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Krauss, L. <i>A Universe from Nothing</i>. Free Press, New York. 2012. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1451624458" title="Special:BookSources/978-1451624458">978-1451624458</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OBrien-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-OBrien_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Brien2009" class="citation book cs1">O'Brien, Jodi (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_nyHS4WyUKEC"><i>Encyclopedia of Gender and Society</i></a>. Los Angeles: Sage. p. 191. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1412909167" title="Special:BookSources/978-1412909167"><bdi>978-1412909167</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230113144056/https://books.google.com/books?id=_nyHS4WyUKEC">Archived</a> from the original on 13 January 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Gender+and+Society&rft.place=Los+Angeles&rft.pages=191&rft.pub=Sage&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1412909167&rft.aulast=O%27Brien&rft.aufirst=Jodi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_nyHS4WyUKEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/judaism/">"BBC – Religion: Judaism"</a>. <i>www.bbc.co.uk</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220805174338/https://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/judaism/">Archived</a> from the original on 5 August 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bbc.co.uk&rft.atitle=BBC+%E2%80%93+Religion%3A+Judaism&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Freligion%2Freligions%2Fjudaism%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGimaret" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Gimaret, D. "Allah, Tawhid". <i>Encyclopædia Britannica Online</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Allah%2C+Tawhid&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica+Online&rft.aulast=Gimaret&rft.aufirst=D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mohammad, N. 1985. "The doctrine of jihad: An introduction". <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Law_and_Religion" title="Journal of Law and Religion">Journal of Law and Religion</a></i> 3(2): 381–397.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140219020335/http://www.whataboutjesus.com/grace/actions-god-series/what-trinity?page=0%2C0">"What Is the Trinity?"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whataboutjesus.com/grace/actions-god-series/what-trinity?page=0,0">the original</a> on 19 February 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What+Is+the+Trinity%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whataboutjesus.com%2Fgrace%2Factions-god-series%2Fwhat-trinity%3Fpage%3D0%2C0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLipner" class="citation web cs1">Lipner, Julius. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/art-asia/beginners-guide-asian-culture/hindu-art-culture/a/hindu-deities">"Hindu deities"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220907001823/https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/art-asia/beginners-guide-asian-culture/hindu-art-culture/a/hindu-deities">Archived</a> from the original on 7 September 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hindu+deities&rft.aulast=Lipner&rft.aufirst=Julius&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.khanacademy.org%2Fhumanities%2Fart-asia%2Fbeginners-guide-asian-culture%2Fhindu-art-culture%2Fa%2Fhindu-deities&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Müller, Max. (1878) <i>Lectures on the Origin and Growth of Religion: As Illustrated by the Religions of India</i>. London, England: Longmans, Green and Company.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcConkie1979" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Bruce_R._McConkie" title="Bruce R. McConkie">McConkie, Bruce R.</a> (1979), <i><a href="/wiki/Mormon_Doctrine" class="mw-redirect" title="Mormon Doctrine">Mormon Doctrine</a></i> (2nd ed.), Salt Lake City, Utah: Bookcraft, p. 351</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mormon+Doctrine&rft.place=Salt+Lake+City%2C+Utah&rft.pages=351&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Bookcraft&rft.date=1979&rft.aulast=McConkie&rft.aufirst=Bruce+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcGrath2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Alister_McGrath" title="Alister McGrath">McGrath, Alister</a> (2006). <i>Christian Theology: An Introduction</i>. Blackwell. p. 205. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1405153607" title="Special:BookSources/978-1405153607"><bdi>978-1405153607</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Christian+Theology%3A+An+Introduction&rft.pages=205&rft.pub=Blackwell&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1405153607&rft.aulast=McGrath&rft.aufirst=Alister&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stanford.library.sydney.edu.au/archives/spr2008/entries/pantheism/">"Pantheism"</a>. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. 17 May 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220911224648/https://stanford.library.sydney.edu.au/archives/spr2008/entries/pantheism/">Archived</a> from the original on 11 September 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 December</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Baruch+Spinoza&rft.btitle=Stanford+Encyclopedia+of+Philosophy&rft.date=2012-08-21&rft.aulast=Nadler&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fplato.stanford.edu%2Farchives%2Ffall2012%2Fentries%2Fspinoza%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/pantheism/">"Pantheism"</a>. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. 1 October 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180915080407/https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/pantheism/">Archived</a> from the original on 15 September 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pantheism&rft.pub=Stanford+Encyclopedia+of+Philosophy&rft.date=2012-10-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fplato.stanford.edu%2Fentries%2Fpantheism%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dawe-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dawe_68-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDawe2011" class="citation book cs1">Dawe, Alan H. (2011). <i>The God Franchise: A Theory of Everything</i>. Alan H. Dawe. p. 48. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0473201142" title="Special:BookSources/978-0473201142"><bdi>978-0473201142</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+God+Franchise%3A+A+Theory+of+Everything&rft.pages=48&rft.pub=Alan+H.+Dawe&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0473201142&rft.aulast=Dawe&rft.aufirst=Alan+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBradley2011" class="citation book cs1">Bradley, Paul (2011). <i>This Strange Eventful History: A Philosophy of Meaning</i>. Algora. p. 156. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0875868769" title="Special:BookSources/978-0875868769"><bdi>978-0875868769</bdi></a>. <q>Pandeism combines the concepts of Deism and Pantheism with a god who creates the universe and then becomes it.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=This+Strange+Eventful+History%3A+A+Philosophy+of+Meaning&rft.pages=156&rft.pub=Algora&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0875868769&rft.aulast=Bradley&rft.aufirst=Paul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Culp, John (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://plato.stanford.edu/cgi-bin/encyclopedia/archinfo.cgi?entry=panentheism">"Panentheism,"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151016023813/http://plato.stanford.edu/cgi-bin/encyclopedia/archinfo.cgi?entry=panentheism">Archived</a> 16 October 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy</i>, Spring.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRogers2009" class="citation book cs1">Rogers, Peter C. (2009). <i>Ultimate Truth, Book 1</i>. AuthorHouse. p. 121. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1438979687" title="Special:BookSources/978-1438979687"><bdi>978-1438979687</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ultimate+Truth%2C+Book+1&rft.pages=121&rft.pub=AuthorHouse&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1438979687&rft.aulast=Rogers&rft.aufirst=Peter+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fairbanks, Arthur, Ed., "The First Philosophers of Greece". K. Paul, Trench, Trubner. London, England, 1898, p. 145.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dodds, E. R. "The Parmenides of Plato and the Origin of the Neoplatonic 'One'". <i>The Classical Quarterly</i>, Jul–Oct 1928, vol. 22, p. 136.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrenk2016" class="citation book cs1">Brenk, Frederick (January 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://classicalstudies.org/annual-meeting/147/abstract/pagan-monotheism-and-pagan-cult">"Pagan Monotheism and Pagan Cult"</a>. <i>"Theism" and Related Categories in the Study of Ancient Religions</i>. Vol. 75. Philadelphia: <a href="/wiki/Society_for_Classical_Studies" title="Society for Classical Studies">Society for Classical Studies</a>, University of Pennsylvania. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170506035740/https://classicalstudies.org/annual-meeting/147/abstract/pagan-monotheism-and-pagan-cult">Archived</a> from the original on 6 May 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Pagan+Monotheism+and+Pagan+Cult&rft.btitle=%22Theism%22+and+Related+Categories+in+the+Study+of+Ancient+Religions&rft.place=Philadelphia&rft.pub=Society+for+Classical+Studies%2C+University+of+Pennsylvania&rft.date=2016-01&rft.aulast=Brenk&rft.aufirst=Frederick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fclassicalstudies.org%2Fannual-meeting%2F147%2Fabstract%2Fpagan-monotheism-and-pagan-cult&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://samreligions.org/2014/12/30/theism-and-related-categories-in-the-study-of-ancient-religions/">SCS/AIA Annual Meeting</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220303063811/https://samreligions.org/2014/12/30/theism-and-related-categories-in-the-study-of-ancient-religions/">Archived</a> 3 March 2022 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdamson2013" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Adamson, Peter (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OeVribsJbgUC">"From the necessary existent to God"</a>. In Adamson, Peter (ed.). <i>Interpreting Avicenna: Critical Essays</i>. <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. p. 170. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0521190732" title="Special:BookSources/978-0521190732"><bdi>978-0521190732</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=From+the+necessary+existent+to+God&rft.btitle=Interpreting+Avicenna%3A+Critical+Essays&rft.pages=170&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0521190732&rft.aulast=Adamson&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOeVribsJbgUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Providence.aspx#1O101-Providence">"Providence"</a>. <i>The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110417135306/http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Providence.aspx#1O101-Providence">Archived</a> from the original on 17 April 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Providence&rft.btitle=The+Concise+Oxford+Dictionary+of+World+Religions&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyclopedia.com%2Ftopic%2FProvidence.aspx%231O101-Providence&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reasonablefaith.org/creation-providence-and-miracle">"Creation, Providence, and Miracle"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reasonable_Faith" class="mw-redirect" title="Reasonable Faith">Reasonable Faith</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170513180211/http://www.reasonablefaith.org/creation-providence-and-miracle">Archived</a> from the original on 13 May 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Creation%2C+Providence%2C+and+Miracle&rft.pub=Reasonable+Faith&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reasonablefaith.org%2Fcreation-providence-and-miracle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lemos-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-lemos_78-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLemos2001" class="citation book cs1">Lemos, Ramon M. (2001). <i>A Neomedieval Essay in Philosophical Theology</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+spiritual+experience&rft.date=2020-09-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhub.jhu.edu%2Fmagazine%2F2020%2Ffall%2Fpsychedelics-god-atheism%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSample2005" class="citation news cs1">Sample, Ian (23 February 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/science/2005/feb/24/1">"Tests of faith"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240523094847/https://www.theguardian.com/science/2005/feb/24/1">Archived</a> from the original on 23 May 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Tests+of+faith&rft.date=2005-02-23&rft.aulast=Sample&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fscience%2F2005%2Ffeb%2F24%2F1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRamachandranBlakeslee1998" class="citation book cs1">Ramachandran, Vilayanur; Blakeslee, Sandra (1998). <i>Phantoms in the brain</i>. New York: HarperCollins. pp. 174–187. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0688152473" title="Special:BookSources/0688152473"><bdi>0688152473</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Phantoms+in+the+brain&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=174-187&rft.pub=HarperCollins&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=0688152473&rft.aulast=Ramachandran&rft.aufirst=Vilayanur&rft.au=Blakeslee%2C+Sandra&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKluger2013" class="citation magazine cs1">Kluger, Jeffrey (27 November 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://science.time.com/2013/11/27/why-there-are-no-atheists-at-the-grand-canyon/">"Why There Are No Atheists at the Grand Canyon"</a>. <i>Time</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221019233537/https://science.time.com/2013/11/27/why-there-are-no-atheists-at-the-grand-canyon/">Archived</a> from the original on 19 October 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Why+There+Are+No+Atheists+at+the+Grand+Canyon&rft.date=2013-11-27&rft.aulast=Kluger&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscience.time.com%2F2013%2F11%2F27%2Fwhy-there-are-no-atheists-at-the-grand-canyon%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-patheos1-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-patheos1_103-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.patheos.com/Library/Islam/Beliefs/Human-Nature-and-the-Purpose-of-Existence.html">"Human Nature and the Purpose of Existence"</a>. Patheos.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110829020001/http://www.patheos.com/Library/Islam/Beliefs/Human-Nature-and-the-Purpose-of-Existence.html">Archived</a> from the original on 29 August 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 January</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Human+Nature+and+the+Purpose+of+Existence&rft.pub=Patheos.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.patheos.com%2FLibrary%2FIslam%2FBeliefs%2FHuman-Nature-and-the-Purpose-of-Existence.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Quran <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.com/51?startingVerse=56">51:56</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/practices/salat.shtml">"Salat: daily prayers"</a>. BBC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220322040017/https://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/practices/salat.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on 22 March 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Salat%3A+daily+prayers&rft.pub=BBC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Freligion%2Freligions%2Fislam%2Fpractices%2Fsalat.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichards2005" class="citation book cs1">Richards, Glyn (2005). <i>The Philosophy of Gandhi: A Study of his Basic Ideas</i>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1135799342" title="Special:BookSources/1135799342"><bdi>1135799342</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Philosophy+of+Gandhi%3A+A+Study+of+his+Basic+Ideas&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=1135799342&rft.aulast=Richards&rft.aufirst=Glyn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131014174102/http://en.islamtoday.net/artshow-426-3787.htm">"Allah would replace you with a people who sin"</a>. islamtoday.net. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.islamtoday.net/artshow-426-3787.htm">the original</a> on 14 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 October</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Allah+would+replace+you+with+a+people+who+sin&rft.pub=islamtoday.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.islamtoday.net%2Fartshow-426-3787.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rigopoulos, Antonio. <i>The Life and Teachings of Sai Baba of Shirdi</i> (1993), p. 372; Houlden, J. L. (Ed.), <i>Jesus: The Complete Guide</i> (2005), p. 390.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">de Gruyter, Walter (1988), <i>Writings on Religion</i>, p. 145.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See Swami Bhaskarananda, <i>Essentials of Hinduism</i> (Viveka Press, 2002), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1884852041" title="Special:BookSources/1884852041">1884852041</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.srigranth.org/servlet/gurbani.gurbani?Action=Page&Param=1350&english=t&id=57718">"Sri Guru Granth Sahib"</a>. Sri Granth. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110728045943/http://www.srigranth.org/servlet/gurbani.gurbani?Action=Page&Param=1350&english=t&id=57718">Archived</a> from the original on 28 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 June</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sri+Guru+Granth+Sahib&rft.pub=Sri+Granth&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.srigranth.org%2Fservlet%2Fgurbani.gurbani%3FAction%3DPage%26Param%3D1350%26english%3Dt%26id%3D57718&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFD’Antuono2022" class="citation web cs1">D’Antuono, Matt (1 August 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncregister.com/blog/the-heart-has-its-reasons-that-reason-does-not-know">"The Heart Has Its Reasons That Reason Does Not Know"</a>. National Catholic Register. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230608024610/https://www.ncregister.com/blog/the-heart-has-its-reasons-that-reason-does-not-know">Archived</a> from the original on 8 June 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Heart+Has+Its+Reasons+That+Reason+Does+Not+Know&rft.pub=National+Catholic+Register&rft.date=2022-08-01&rft.aulast=D%E2%80%99Antuono&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncregister.com%2Fblog%2Fthe-heart-has-its-reasons-that-reason-does-not-know&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIbn_Daqiq_al-'Id2014" class="citation book cs1">Ibn Daqiq al-'Id (2014). <i>A Treasury of Hadith: A Commentary on Nawawi's Selection of Prophetic Traditions</i>. Kube Publishing Limited. p. 199. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1847740694" title="Special:BookSources/978-1847740694"><bdi>978-1847740694</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Treasury+of+Hadith%3A+A+Commentary+on+Nawawi%27s+Selection+of+Prophetic+Traditions&rft.pages=199&rft.pub=Kube+Publishing+Limited&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1847740694&rft.au=Ibn+Daqiq+al-%27Id&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoover2016" class="citation cs2">Hoover, Jon (2 March 2016), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-3/*-COM_27155">"Fiṭra"</a>, <i>Encyclopaedia of Islam, THREE</i>, Brill, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F1573-3912_ei3_com_27155">10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_com_27155</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221228111034/https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-3/*-COM_27155">archived</a> from the original on 28 December 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 November</span> 2023</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Fi%E1%B9%ADra&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Islam%2C+THREE&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2016-03-02&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F1573-3912_ei3_com_27155&rft.aulast=Hoover&rft.aufirst=Jon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freferenceworks.brillonline.com%2Fentries%2Fencyclopaedia-of-islam-3%2F%2A-COM_27155&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aeon.co/essays/the-influential-confucian-philosopher-you-ve-never-heard-of">"The Second Sage"</a>. Aeon. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230324222651/https://aeon.co/essays/the-influential-confucian-philosopher-you-ve-never-heard-of">Archived</a> from the original on 24 March 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Second+Sage&rft.pub=Aeon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faeon.co%2Fessays%2Fthe-influential-confucian-philosopher-you-ve-never-heard-of&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Çakmak, Cenap. <i>Islam: A Worldwide Encyclopedia</i> [4 volumes] ABC-CLIO 2017, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1610692175" title="Special:BookSources/978-1610692175">978-1610692175</a>, p. 1014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSiddiqui2015" class="citation book cs1">Siddiqui, A. R. (2015). <i>Qur'anic Keywords: A Reference Guide</i>. Kube Publishing Limited. p. 53. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780860376767" title="Special:BookSources/9780860376767"><bdi>9780860376767</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Qur%27anic+Keywords%3A+A+Reference+Guide.&rft.pages=53&rft.pub=Kube+Publishing+Limited&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9780860376767&rft.aulast=Siddiqui&rft.aufirst=A.+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHutchinson1996" class="citation web cs1">Hutchinson, Ian (14 January 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://silas.psfc.mit.edu/Faraday/">"Michael Faraday: Scientist and Nonconformist"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221201001723/http://silas.psfc.mit.edu/Faraday/">Archived</a> from the original on 1 December 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 November</span> 2022</span>. <q><a href="/wiki/Faraday" class="mw-redirect" title="Faraday">Faraday</a> believed that in his scientific researches he was reading the book of nature, which pointed to its creator, and he delighted in it: 'for the book of nature, which we have to read is written by the finger of God.'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Michael+Faraday%3A+Scientist+and+Nonconformist&rft.date=1996-01-14&rft.aulast=Hutchinson&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsilas.psfc.mit.edu%2FFaraday%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHofmann2007" class="citation book cs1">Hofmann, Murad (2007). <i>Islam and Qur'an</i>. Amana publications. p. 121. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1590080474" title="Special:BookSources/978-1590080474"><bdi>978-1590080474</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam+and+Qur%27an&rft.pages=121&rft.pub=Amana+publications&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1590080474&rft.aulast=Hofmann&rft.aufirst=Murad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeaty1991" class="citation journal cs1">Beaty, Michael (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070109162529/http://www.religion-online.org/showarticle.asp?title=53">"God Among the Philosophers"</a>. <i>The Christian Century</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.religion-online.org/showarticle.asp?title=53">the original</a> on 9 January 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 February</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Christian+Century&rft.atitle=God+Among+the+Philosophers&rft.date=1991&rft.aulast=Beaty&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.religion-online.org%2Fshowarticle.asp%3Ftitle%3D53&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Halverson-36-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Halverson-36_121-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHalverson2010">Halverson (2010</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/theologycreedsun00halv/page/n44">36</a>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hoover_2020-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hoover_2020_122-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoover2020" class="citation book cs1">Hoover, John (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/3741348">"Early Mamlūk Ashʿarism against Ibn Taymiyya on the Nonliteral Reinterpretation (<i>taʾwīl</i>) of God's Attributes"</a>. In Shihadeh, Ayman; Thiele, Jan (eds.). <i>Philosophical Theology in Islam: Later Ashʿarism East and West</i>. Islamicate Intellectual History. Vol. 5. Leiden and Boston: Brill. pp. 195–230. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F9789004426610_009">10.1163/9789004426610_009</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9004426610" title="Special:BookSources/978-9004426610"><bdi>978-9004426610</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2212-8662">2212-8662</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:219026357">219026357</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230406075456/https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/3741348">Archived</a> from the original on 6 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Early+Maml%C5%ABk+Ash%CA%BFarism+against+Ibn+Taymiyya+on+the+Nonliteral+Reinterpretation+%28ta%CA%BEw%C4%ABl%29+of+God%E2%80%99s+Attributes&rft.btitle=Philosophical+Theology+in+Islam%3A+Later+Ash%CA%BFarism+East+and+West&rft.place=Leiden+and+Boston&rft.series=Islamicate+Intellectual+History&rft.pages=195-230&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2020&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F9789004426610_009&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A219026357%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=2212-8662&rft.isbn=978-9004426610&rft.aulast=Hoover&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnottingham-repository.worktribe.com%2Foutput%2F3741348&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Halverson-3637-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Halverson-3637_123-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHalverson2010">Halverson (2010</a>, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/theologycreedsun00halv/page/n44">36–37</a>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChignellPereboom2020" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Chignell, Andrew; Pereboom, Derk (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2020/entries/natural-theology/">"Natural Theology and Natural Religion"</a>. In Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). <i>The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy</i> (Fall 2020 ed.). Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220218132535/https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2020/entries/natural-theology/">Archived</a> from the original on 18 February 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Natural+Theology+and+Natural+Religion&rft.btitle=The+Stanford+Encyclopedia+of+Philosophy&rft.edition=Fall+2020&rft.pub=Metaphysics+Research+Lab%2C+Stanford+University&rft.date=2020&rft.aulast=Chignell&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.au=Pereboom%2C+Derk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fplato.stanford.edu%2Farchives%2Ffall2020%2Fentries%2Fnatural-theology%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fiorenza, Francis Schüssler and Kaufman, Gordon D., "God", Ch 6, in Taylor, Mark C., ed., <i>Critical Terms for Religious Studies</i> (University of Chicago, 1998/2008), pp. 136–140.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gen. 17:1; 28:3; 35:11; Ex. 6:31; Ps. 91:1, 2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gen. 14:19; Ps. 9:2; Dan. 7:18, 22, 25.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Exodus 3:13–15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ben-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ben_129-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBentley1999" class="citation book cs1">Bentley, David (1999). <i>The 99 Beautiful Names for God for All the People of the Book</i>. William Carey Library. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0878082995" title="Special:BookSources/978-0878082995"><bdi>978-0878082995</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+99+Beautiful+Names+for+God+for+All+the+People+of+the+Book&rft.pub=William+Carey+Library&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0878082995&rft.aulast=Bentley&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAquinas" class="citation book cs1">Aquinas, Thomas. "First part: Question 3: The simplicity of God: Article 1: Whether God is a body?". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/summa/1003.htm"><i>Summa Theologica</i></a>. New Advent. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111109160402/http://newadvent.org/summa/1003.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 9 November 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=First+part%3A+Question+3%3A+The+simplicity+of+God%3A+Article+1%3A+Whether+God+is+a+body%3F&rft.btitle=Summa+Theologica&rft.pub=New+Advent&rft.aulast=Aquinas&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newadvent.org%2Fsumma%2F1003.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShedd1885" class="citation book cs1">Shedd, William G. T., ed. (1885). "Chapter 7". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/confessionsaugu00shedgoog"><i>The Confessions of Augustine</i></a>. Warren F. Draper.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+7&rft.btitle=The+Confessions+of+Augustine&rft.pub=Warren+F.+Draper&rft.date=1885&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fconfessionsaugu00shedgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-132"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:1_132-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLangKreeft2002" class="citation book cs1">Lang, David; Kreeft, Peter (2002). "Why Male Priests?". <i>Why Matter Matters: Philosophical and Scriptural Reflections on the Sacraments</i>. Our Sunday Visitor. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1931709347" title="Special:BookSources/978-1931709347"><bdi>978-1931709347</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Why+Male+Priests%3F&rft.btitle=Why+Matter+Matters%3A+Philosophical+and+Scriptural+Reflections+on+the+Sacraments&rft.pub=Our+Sunday+Visitor&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-1931709347&rft.aulast=Lang&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Kreeft%2C+Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pagels, Elaine H. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://holyspirit-shekinah.org/_/what_became_of_god_the_mother-1.htm">"What Became of God the Mother? Conflicting Images of God in Early Christianity"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101123111512/http://holyspirit-shekinah.org/_/what_became_of_god_the_mother-1.htm">Archived</a> 23 November 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Signs, Vol. 2, No. 2 (Winter 1976), pp. 293–303.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCoogan2010" class="citation book cs1">Coogan, Michael (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2_gPKQEACAAJ&q=god+and+sex">"6. Fire in Divine Loins: God's Wives in Myth and Metaphor"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/godsexwhatbi00coog/page/175"><i>God and Sex. What the Bible Really Says</i></a> (1st ed.). New York; Boston, Massachusetts: Twelve. Hachette Book Group. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/godsexwhatbi00coog/page/175">175</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0446545259" title="Special:BookSources/978-0446545259"><bdi>978-0446545259</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 May</span> 2011</span>. <q>humans are modeled on <i>elohim</i>, specifically in their sexual differences.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=6.+Fire+in+Divine+Loins%3A+God%27s+Wives+in+Myth+and+Metaphor&rft.btitle=God+and+Sex.+What+the+Bible+Really+Says&rft.place=New+York%3B+Boston%2C+Massachusetts&rft.pages=175&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Twelve.+Hachette+Book+Group&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0446545259&rft.aulast=Coogan&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2_gPKQEACAAJ%26q%3Dgod%2Band%2Bsex&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sikhwomen.com/equality/GodsGender.htm">"God's Gender"</a>. <i>www.sikhwomen.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231205122743/http://www.sikhwomen.com/equality/GodsGender.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 5 December 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.sikhwomen.com&rft.atitle=God%27s+Gender&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sikhwomen.com%2Fequality%2FGodsGender.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gurbani.org/articles/webart270.htm">"IS GOD MALE OR FEMALE?"</a>. <i>www.gurbani.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231205122754/https://www.gurbani.org/articles/webart270.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 5 December 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.gurbani.org&rft.atitle=IS+GOD+MALE+OR+FEMALE%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gurbani.org%2Farticles%2Fwebart270.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBoyce1983686-137"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBoyce1983686_137-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBoyce1983">Boyce 1983</a>, p. 686.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Transcendent-138"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Transcendent_138-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Williams, Wesley. "A Body Unlike Bodies: Transcendent Anthropomorphism in Ancient Semitic Tradition and Early Islam". Journal of the American Oriental Society, vol. 129, no. 1, 2009, pp. 19–44. JSTOR, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/40593866">http://www.jstor.org/stable/40593866</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221118183524/https://www.jstor.org/stable/40593866">Archived</a> 18 November 2022 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Accessed 18 Nov. 2022.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Shaman-139"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Shaman_139-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Shaman_139-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Shaman, Nicholas J.; Saide, Anondah R.; and Richert, Rebekah A. "Dimensional structure of and variation in anthropomorphic concepts of God". Frontiers in psychology 9 (2018): 1425.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBataille1930" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Georges_Bataille" title="Georges Bataille">Bataille, Georges</a> (1930). "Base Materialism and Gnosticism". <i>Visions of Excess: Selected Writings, 1927–1939</i>: 47.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Visions+of+Excess%3A+Selected+Writings%2C+1927%E2%80%931939&rft.atitle=Base+Materialism+and+Gnosticism&rft.pages=47&rft.date=1930&rft.aulast=Bataille&rft.aufirst=Georges&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeyerBarnstone]]2009" class="citation book cs1">Meyer, Marvin; Barnstone]], Willis (30 June 2009). "The Secret Book of John". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gnosis.org/naghamm/apocjn-meyer.html"><i>The Gnostic Bible</i></a>. Shambhala. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210423033025/http://www.gnosis.org/naghamm/apocjn-meyer.html">Archived</a> from the original on 23 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Secret+Book+of+John&rft.btitle=The+Gnostic+Bible&rft.pub=Shambhala&rft.date=2009-06-30&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=Marvin&rft.au=Barnstone%5D%5D%2C+Willis&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgnosis.org%2Fnaghamm%2Fapocjn-meyer.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDenova2021" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Denova, Rebecca (9 April 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldhistory.org/Gnosticism/">"Gnosticism"</a>. <i>World History Encyclopedia</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220222101411/https://www.worldhistory.org/Gnosticism/">Archived</a> from the original on 22 February 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Gnosticism&rft.btitle=World+History+Encyclopedia&rft.date=2021-04-09&rft.aulast=Denova&rft.aufirst=Rebecca&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldhistory.org%2FGnosticism%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-James_Cornwell_page_24-143"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-James_Cornwell_page_24_143-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-James_Cornwell_page_24_143-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Cornwell, James (2009) <i>Saints, Signs, and Symbols: The Symbolic Language of Christian Art</i>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/081922345X" title="Special:BookSources/081922345X">081922345X</a>. p. 2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Adolphe_Napoléon_Didron_pages_169-144"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Adolphe_Napoléon_Didron_pages_169_144-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Didron, Adolphe Napoléon (2003), <i>Christian iconography: or The history of Christian art in the middle ages</i>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7661-4075-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-7661-4075-X">0-7661-4075-X</a>, p. 169.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-145"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_145-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Arena_Chapel" class="mw-redirect" title="Arena Chapel">Arena Chapel</a>, at the top of the triumphal arch, <i>God sending out the angel of the Annunciation</i>. See Schiller, I, figure 15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Earls, Irene (1987). <i>Renaissance art: a topical dictionary</i>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0313246580" title="Special:BookSources/0313246580">0313246580</a>, pp. 8, 283.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tarasov, Oleg (2004). <i>Icon and devotion: sacred spaces in Imperial Russia</i>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1861891180" title="Special:BookSources/1861891180">1861891180</a>. p. 185.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://genuineorthodoxchurch.com/moscow_1666.htm">"Council of Moscow – 1666–1667"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210213222311/http://genuineorthodoxchurch.com/moscow_1666.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 13 February 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Council+of+Moscow+%E2%80%93+1666%E2%80%931667&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgenuineorthodoxchurch.com%2Fmoscow_1666.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-149"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:3_149-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLebron2012" class="citation book cs1">Lebron, Robyn (2012). <i>Searching for Spiritual Unity...Can There Be Common Ground?</i>. Crossbooks. p. 117. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1462712625" title="Special:BookSources/978-1462712625"><bdi>978-1462712625</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Searching+for+Spiritual+Unity...Can+There+Be+Common+Ground%3F&rft.pages=117&rft.pub=Crossbooks&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1462712625&rft.aulast=Lebron&rft.aufirst=Robyn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoyce1983" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Mary_Boyce" title="Mary Boyce">Boyce, Mary</a> (1983). "Ahura Mazdā". <i>Encyclopaedia Iranica</i>. Vol. 1. New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 684–687.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ahura+Mazd%C4%81&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+Iranica&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=684-687&rft.pub=Routledge+%26+Kegan+Paul&rft.date=1983&rft.aulast=Boyce&rft.aufirst=Mary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBunninYu2008" class="citation book cs1">Bunnin, Nicholas; Yu, Jiyuan (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LdbxabeToQYC"><i>The Blackwell Dictionary of Western Philosophy</i></a>. Blackwell. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0470997215" title="Special:BookSources/978-0470997215"><bdi>978-0470997215</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230815224620/https://books.google.com/books?id=LdbxabeToQYC">Archived</a> from the original on 15 August 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Blackwell+Dictionary+of+Western+Philosophy&rft.pub=Blackwell&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0470997215&rft.aulast=Bunnin&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft.au=Yu%2C+Jiyuan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLdbxabeToQYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cliff_Pickover" class="mw-redirect" title="Cliff Pickover">Pickover, Cliff</a>, <i>The Paradox of God and the Science of Omniscience</i>, Palgrave/St Martin's Press, 2001. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1403964572" title="Special:BookSources/1403964572">1403964572</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Collins_(geneticist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Francis Collins (geneticist)">Collins, Francis</a>, <i>The Language of God: A Scientist Presents Evidence for Belief</i>, Free Press, 2006. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0743286391" title="Special:BookSources/0743286391">0743286391</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Miles" title="Jack Miles">Miles, Jack</a>, <i>God: A Biography</i>, Vintage, 1996. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0679743685" title="Special:BookSources/0679743685">0679743685</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armstrong,_Karen" class="mw-redirect" title="Armstrong, Karen">Armstrong, Karen</a>, <i>A History of God: The 4,000-Year Quest of Judaism, Christianity and Islam</i>, Ballantine Books, 1994. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0434024562" title="Special:BookSources/0434024562">0434024562</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Tillich" title="Paul Tillich">Paul Tillich</a>, <i>Systematic Theology</i>, Vol. 1 (Chicago, Illinois: University of Chicago Press, 1951). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0226803376" title="Special:BookSources/0226803376">0226803376</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHalverson2010" class="citation book cs1">Halverson, J. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IYzGAAAAQBAJ"><i>Theology and Creed in Sunni Islam: The Muslim Brotherhood, Ash'arism, and Political Sunnism</i></a>. Springer. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0230106581" title="Special:BookSources/978-0230106581"><bdi>978-0230106581</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240523094748/https://books.google.com/books?id=IYzGAAAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 23 May 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Theology+and+Creed+in+Sunni+Islam%3A+The+Muslim+Brotherhood%2C+Ash%27arism%2C+and+Political+Sunnism&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0230106581&rft.aulast=Halverson&rft.aufirst=J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIYzGAAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHastings1925–2003" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/James_Hastings" title="James Hastings">Hastings, James Rodney</a> (1925–2003) [1908–1926], Selbie, John A. (ed.), <i>Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics</i>, vol. 4, Edinburgh, Scotland: Kessinger, p. 476, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0766136731" title="Special:BookSources/978-0766136731"><bdi>978-0766136731</bdi></a>, <q>The encyclopedia will contain articles on all the religions of the world and on all the great systems of ethics. It will aim at containing articles on every religious belief or custom, and on every ethical movement, every philosophical idea, every moral practice.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Religion+and+Ethics&rft.place=Edinburgh%2C+Scotland&rft.pages=476&rft.pub=Kessinger&rft.date=1925%2F2003&rft.isbn=978-0766136731&rft.aulast=Hastings&rft.aufirst=James+Rodney&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGod" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library" title="Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library">Library resources</a> about <br /> <b>God</b> <hr /></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?st=wp&su=God">Resources in your library</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?st=wp&su=God&library=0CHOOSE0">Resources in other libraries</a></li> </ul></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <b>God</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects">sister projects</span></a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/54px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/God" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/God">Definitions</a> from Wiktionary</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" 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class="spoken-wikipedia-disclaimer"><a href="/wiki/File:God_Article_Spoken_2008.ogg" title="File:God Article Spoken 2008.ogg">This audio file</a> was created from a revision of this article dated 6 January 2008<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">2008-01-06</span>)</span>, and does not reflect subsequent edits.</div><div class="spoken-wikipedia-footer">(<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Media_help" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Media help">Audio help</a> · <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Spoken_articles" title="Wikipedia:Spoken articles">More spoken articles</a>)</div></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.armatabianca.org/eng/padre.php?sottomenu=4">Concept of God in Christianity</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.islam-info.ch/en/Who_is_Allah.htm">Concept of God in Islam</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Religion_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Religion topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Religion" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Religion" title="Religion">Religion</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Religious_groups_and_denominations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_religions_and_spiritual_traditions" title="List of religions and spiritual traditions">Religious groups and denominations</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Western_religions" title="Western religions">Western</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Abrahamic_religions" title="Abrahamic religions">Abrahamic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Judaism" title="Orthodox Judaism">Orthodox</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haredi_Judaism" title="Haredi Judaism">Haredi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hasidic_Judaism" title="Hasidic Judaism">Hasidic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_Orthodox_Judaism" title="Modern Orthodox Judaism">Modern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religious_Zionism" title="Religious Zionism">Zionist</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Judaism" title="Conservative Judaism">Conservative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reform_Judaism" title="Reform Judaism">Reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karaite_Judaism" title="Karaite Judaism">Karaite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haymanot" title="Haymanot">Haymanot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconstructionist_Judaism" title="Reconstructionist Judaism">Reconstructionist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Renewal" title="Jewish Renewal">Renewal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanistic_Judaism" title="Humanistic Judaism">Humanistic</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jewish_religious_movements" title="Jewish religious movements">list</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholicism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latin_Church" title="Latin Church">Latin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_Churches" title="Eastern Catholic Churches">Eastern</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodoxy" title="Eastern Orthodoxy">Eastern Orthodoxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodoxy" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental Orthodoxy">Oriental Orthodoxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nestorianism" title="Nestorianism">Nestorianism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Church_of_the_East" title="Ancient Church of the East">Ancient</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Church_of_the_East" title="Assyrian Church of the East">Assyrian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Protestantism" title="Proto-Protestantism">Proto-Protestantism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hussites" title="Hussites">Hussites</a>/<a href="/wiki/Moravian_Church" title="Moravian Church">Moravians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waldensians" title="Waldensians">Waldensians</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestantism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adventism" title="Adventism">Adventism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anabaptism" title="Anabaptism">Anabaptism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amish" title="Amish">Amish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schwarzenau_Brethren" title="Schwarzenau Brethren">Brethren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hutterites" title="Hutterites">Hutterites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mennonites" title="Mennonites">Mennonites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schwenkfelder_Church" title="Schwenkfelder Church">Schwenkfelder Church</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptists" title="Baptists">Baptists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calvinism" class="mw-redirect" title="Calvinism">Calvinism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congregational_church" class="mw-redirect" title="Congregational church">Congregationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterianism" title="Presbyterianism">Presbyterianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Reformed_Protestantism" title="Continental Reformed Protestantism">Reformed</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charismatic_Christianity" title="Charismatic Christianity">Charismatic Christianity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pentecostalism" title="Pentecostalism">Pentecostal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charismatic_movement" title="Charismatic movement">Charismatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-charismatic_movement" title="Neo-charismatic movement">Neo-charismatic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelicalism" title="Evangelicalism">Evangelicalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Apostolic_Church" title="Catholic Apostolic Church">Irvingism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutheran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methodism" title="Methodism">Methodist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holiness_movement" title="Holiness movement">Holiness</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nondenominational_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Nondenominational Christianity">Nondenominational</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plymouth_Brethren" title="Plymouth Brethren">Plymouth Brethren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quakers" title="Quakers">Quakerism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restoration_Movement" title="Restoration Movement">Restorationism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esoteric_Christianity" title="Esoteric Christianity">Esoteric</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Christian_Community" title="The Christian Community">The Christian Community</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Catholicism" title="Independent Catholicism">Independent Catholicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Catholic_Church" title="Old Catholic Church">Old Catholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judaizers" title="Judaizers">Judaizers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nontrinitarianism" title="Nontrinitarianism">Nontrinitarianism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bible_Student_movement" title="Bible Student movement">Bible Students</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bible_Student_movement#Associated_Bible_Students" title="Bible Student movement">Associated Bible Students</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Bible_Students" title="Free Bible Students">Free Bible Students</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friends_of_Man" title="Friends of Man">Friends of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jehovah%27s_Witnesses" title="Jehovah's Witnesses">Jehovah's Witnesses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo#Kitawala" title="Religion in the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Kitawala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laymen%27s_Home_Missionary_Movement" title="Laymen's Home Missionary Movement">Laymen's Home Missionary Movement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christadelphians" title="Christadelphians">Christadelphians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mormonism" title="Mormonism">Mormonism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oneness_Pentecostalism" title="Oneness Pentecostalism">Oneness Pentecostalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritual_Christianity" title="Spiritual Christianity">Spiritual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_New_Church_(Swedenborgian)" title="The New Church (Swedenborgian)">Swedenborgianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolstoyan_movement" title="Tolstoyan movement">Tolstoyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unitarianism" title="Unitarianism">Unitarianism</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christian_denominations" title="List of Christian denominations">list</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sunni_Islam" title="Sunni Islam">Sunnism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ash%27arism" title="Ash'arism">Ash'arism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maturidism" title="Maturidism">Maturidism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atharism" title="Atharism">Atharism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salafi_movement" title="Salafi movement">Salafism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wahhabism" title="Wahhabism">Wahhabism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_modernism" title="Islamic modernism">Modernist Salafism</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shia_Islam" title="Shia Islam">Shi'ism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alawites" title="Alawites">Alawism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali-Illahism" title="Ali-Illahism">Ali-Illahism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isma%27ilism" title="Isma'ilism">Isma'ilism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelver_Shi%27ism" title="Twelver Shi'ism">Twelver Shi'ism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaydism" title="Zaydism">Zaydism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sufism" title="Sufism">Sufism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharijites" title="Kharijites">Khawarij</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ibadi_Islam" title="Ibadi Islam">Ibadism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alevism" title="Alevism">Alevism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ishikism" title="Ishikism">Ishikism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_Alevism" title="Kurdish Alevism">Kurdish Alevism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmadiyya" title="Ahmadiyya">Ahmadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahdawi_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahdawi movement">Mahdavism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quranism" title="Quranism">Quranism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milah_Abraham" title="Milah Abraham">Milah Abraham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-denominational_Muslim" title="Non-denominational Muslim">Non-denominational</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Islamic_schools_and_branches" title="Islamic schools and branches">list</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A1bism" title="Bábism">Bábism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azali" title="Azali">Azalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith" title="Baháʼí Faith">Baháʼí</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Druze" title="Druze">Druze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandaeism" title="Mandaeism">Mandaeism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rastafari" title="Rastafari">Rastafari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samaritanism" title="Samaritanism">Samaritanism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Iranian_religions" title="Iranian religions">Iranian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Zoroastrian" class="mw-redirect" title="Zoroastrian">Zoroastrian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zoroastrianism_in_Russia" title="Zoroastrianism in Russia">Blagovery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilm-e-Khshnoom" title="Ilm-e-Khshnoom">Ilm-e-Khshnoom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazdaznan" title="Mazdaznan">Mazdaznan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zurvanism" title="Zurvanism">Zurvanism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Kurdish</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shabakism" class="mw-redirect" title="Shabakism">Shabakism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yarsanism" title="Yarsanism">Yarsanism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assianism" title="Assianism">Assianism/Uatsdin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roshani_movement" title="Roshani movement">Roshani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manichaeism" title="Manichaeism">Manichaeism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Manichaeism" title="Chinese Manichaeism">Chinese Manichaeism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yazd%C3%A2nism" title="Yazdânism">Yazdânism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yazidism" title="Yazidism">Yazidism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_religions" title="Eastern religions">Eastern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_religions" title="East Asian religions">East Asian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_China" title="Religion in China">Chinese</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_folk_religion" title="Chinese folk religion">Chinese folk religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confucianism" title="Confucianism">Confucianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luo_teaching" title="Luo teaching">Luoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuo_folk_religion" title="Nuo folk religion">Nuo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_salvationist_religions" title="Chinese salvationist religions">Salvationist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xiantiandao" title="Xiantiandao">Xiantiandao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yiguandao" title="Yiguandao">Yiguandao</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism">Taoism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_ritual_mastery_traditions" title="Chinese ritual mastery traditions">Folk Taoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yao_folk_religion" title="Yao folk religion">Yao Taoism</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Japan" title="Religion in Japan">Japonic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shinto" title="Shinto">Shinto</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Shinto_sects_and_schools" title="Shinto sects and schools">list</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shugend%C5%8D" title="Shugendō">Shugendō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenrikyo" title="Tenrikyo">Tenrikyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryukyuan_religion" title="Ryukyuan religion">Ryukyuan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Korea" title="Religion in Korea">Korean</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Korean_shamanism" title="Korean shamanism">Korean shamanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheondoism" title="Cheondoism">Cheondoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeung_San_Do" title="Jeung San Do">Jeungsanism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Vietnam" title="Religion in Vietnam">Vietnamese</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_folk_religion" title="Vietnamese folk religion">Vietnamese folk religion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%A1o_M%E1%BA%ABu" title="Đạo Mẫu">Đạo Mẫu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caodaism" title="Caodaism">Caodaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B2a_H%E1%BA%A3o" title="Hòa Hảo">Hoahaoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%A1o_B%E1%BB%ADu_S%C6%A1n_K%E1%BB%B3_H%C6%B0%C6%A1ng" title="Đạo Bửu Sơn Kỳ Hương">Đạo Bửu Sơn Kỳ Hương</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Indian_religions" title="Indian religions">Indian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vaishnavism" title="Vaishnavism">Vaishnavism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Krishnaism" title="Krishnaism">Krishnaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Vaishnavism" title="Sri Vaishnavism">Sri Vaishnavism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahma_Sampradaya" title="Brahma Sampradaya">Brahma Sampradaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimbarka_Sampradaya" title="Nimbarka Sampradaya">Nimbarka Sampradaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pushtimarg" class="mw-redirect" title="Pushtimarg">Pushtimarg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahanubhava" title="Mahanubhava">Mahanubhava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramanandi_Sampradaya" title="Ramanandi Sampradaya">Ramanandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warkari" title="Warkari">Warkari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swaminarayan_Sampradaya" title="Swaminarayan Sampradaya">Swaminarayan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaivism" title="Shaivism">Shaivism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shaiva_Siddhanta" title="Shaiva Siddhanta">Shaiva Siddhanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganapatya" title="Ganapatya">Ganapatya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashmir_Shaivism" title="Kashmir Shaivism">Kashmiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapalika" title="Kapalika">Kapalika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaumaram" title="Kaumaram">Kaumaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingayatism" title="Lingayatism">Lingayatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nath" class="mw-redirect" title="Nath">Nath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balinese_Hinduism" title="Balinese Hinduism">Balinese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaktism" title="Shaktism">Shaktism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smarta_tradition" title="Smarta tradition">Smartism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saura_(Hinduism)" title="Saura (Hinduism)">Sauraism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Arauta" title="Śrauta">Śrauta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant_Mat" title="Sant Mat">Sant Mat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_reform_movements" title="Hindu reform movements">Neo-Hinduism</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hindu_denominations" title="Hindu denominations">list</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theravada" title="Theravada">Theravada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahayana" title="Mahayana">Mahayana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chan_Buddhism" title="Chan Buddhism">Chan</a>/<a href="/wiki/Zen" title="Zen">Zen</a>/<a href="/wiki/Thi%E1%BB%81n" title="Thiền">Thiền</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pure_Land_Buddhism" title="Pure Land Buddhism">Amidism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nichiren_Buddhism" title="Nichiren Buddhism">Nichiren</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vajrayana" title="Vajrayana">Vajrayana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Buddhism" title="Tibetan Buddhism">Tibetan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_modernism" title="Buddhist modernism">Neo-Buddhism</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Schools_of_Buddhism" title="Schools of Buddhism">list</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ayyavazhi" title="Ayyavazhi">Ayyavazhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalash_people#Religion" title="Kalash people">Kalash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jainism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digambara" title="Digambara">Digambara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Avet%C4%81mbara" title="Śvetāmbara">Śvetāmbara</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarnaism" title="Sarnaism">Sarnaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirat_Mundhum" title="Kirat Mundhum">Kirat Mundhum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedda#Religion" title="Vedda">Vedda religions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravidassia" title="Ravidassia">Ravidassia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism" title="Sikhism">Sikhism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khalsa" title="Khalsa">Khalsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sects_of_Sikhism" title="Sects of Sikhism">Sects</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_religion" title="Ethnic religion">Ethnic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Altaic_languages" title="Altaic languages">Altaic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkic_mythology" title="Turkic mythology">Turko</a>-<a href="/wiki/Mongolian_shamanism" title="Mongolian shamanism">Mongolic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burkhanism" title="Burkhanism">Burkhanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tengrism" title="Tengrism">Tengrism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vattisen_Yaly" title="Vattisen Yaly">Vattisen Yaly</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tungusic_creation_myth" title="Tungusic creation myth">Tungusic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evenks#Religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Evenks">Evenki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchu_shamanism" title="Manchu shamanism">Manchu</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Austroasiatic_languages" title="Austroasiatic languages">Austroasiatic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sarna_(place)" title="Sarna (place)">Sarnaism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Austronesian_languages" title="Austronesian languages">Austronesian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parmalim" title="Parmalim">Batak Parmalim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayak_people#Religion_and_festivals" title="Dayak people">Dayak</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kaharingan" title="Kaharingan">Kaharingan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Sabahan_religions" title="Traditional Sabahan religions">Traditional Sabahan religions</a></li></ul></li> <li>Indonesian <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aliran_Kepercayaan" title="Aliran Kepercayaan">Aliran Kepercayaan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kejaw%C3%A8n" title="Kejawèn">Kejawèn</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapitayan" title="Kapitayan">Kapitayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pemena" title="Pemena">Karo Pemena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_folk_religion" title="Malaysian folk religion">Malaysian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_Philippine_folk_religions" title="Indigenous Philippine folk religions">Philippine Dayawism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_religious_beliefs_of_the_Tagalog_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Indigenous religious beliefs of the Tagalog people">Tagalog</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynesian_mythology" title="Polynesian mythology">Polynesian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_religion" title="Hawaiian religion">Hawaiian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_of_M%C4%81ori_people" title="Religion of Māori people">Māori</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marapu" title="Marapu">Sumbese Marapu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunda_Wiwitan" title="Sunda Wiwitan">Sundanese Wiwitan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Native_American_religions" title="Native American religions">Native<br />American</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abenaki_mythology" title="Abenaki mythology">Abenaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaska_Native_religion" title="Alaska Native religion">Alaskan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anishinaabe_traditional_beliefs" title="Anishinaabe traditional beliefs">Anishinaabe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ojibwe#Spiritual_beliefs" title="Ojibwe">Ojibwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midewiwin" title="Midewiwin">Midewiwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wabunowin" title="Wabunowin">Wabunowin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apache#Religion" title="Apache">Apache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackfoot_mythology" title="Blackfoot mythology">Blackfoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_narratives_of_Indigenous_Californians" title="Traditional narratives of Indigenous Californians">Californian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kuksu_(religion)" title="Kuksu (religion)">Kuksu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miwok_mythology" title="Miwok mythology">Miwok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohlone_mythology" title="Ohlone mythology">Ohlone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomo_religion" title="Pomo religion">Pomo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilote_mythology" title="Chilote mythology">Chilote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choctaw_mythology" title="Choctaw mythology">Choctaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crow_religion" title="Crow religion">Crow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghost_Dance" title="Ghost Dance">Ghost Dance</a>/<a href="/wiki/Sun_Dance" title="Sun Dance">Sun Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guarani_mythology" title="Guarani mythology">Guarani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haida_mythology" title="Haida mythology">Haida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ho-Chunk_mythology" title="Ho-Chunk mythology">Ho-Chunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iroquois_mythology" title="Iroquois mythology">Iroquois</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_spiritual_beliefs" title="Cherokee spiritual beliefs">Cherokee</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Four_Mothers_Society" title="Four Mothers Society">Four Mothers Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keetoowah_Nighthawk_Society" title="Keetoowah Nighthawk Society">Keetoowah Society</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longhouse_Religion" title="Longhouse Religion">Longhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohawk_people#Religion" title="Mohawk people">Mohawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creek_mythology" title="Creek mythology">Muscogee Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seneca_mythology" title="Seneca mythology">Seneca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wyandot_religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Wyandot religion">Wyandot</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jivaroan_peoples#Religion" title="Jivaroan peoples">Jivaroan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwakwaka%CA%BCwakw_mythology" title="Kwakwakaʼwakw mythology">Kwakwakaʼwakw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenape_mythology" title="Lenape mythology">Lenape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mapuche_religion" title="Mapuche religion">Mapuche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesoamerican_religion" title="Mesoamerican religion">Mesoamerican</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aztec_religion" title="Aztec religion">Aztec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_religion" title="Maya religion">Maya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pur%C3%A9pecha_religion" title="Purépecha religion">Purépecha</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muisca_mythology" title="Muisca mythology">Muisca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_Church" title="Native American Church">Native American Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navajo#Spiritual_and_religious_beliefs" title="Navajo">Navajo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuu-chah-nulth_mythology" title="Nuu-chah-nulth mythology">Nuu-chah-nulth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pawnee_mythology" title="Pawnee mythology">Pawnee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pueblo_religion" title="Pueblo religion">Pueblo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acoma_Pueblo#Religion" title="Acoma Pueblo">Acoma Pueblo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hopi_mythology" title="Hopi mythology">Hopi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zuni_mythology" title="Zuni mythology">Zuni</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sioux#Religion" title="Sioux">Sioux</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lakota_religion" title="Lakota religion">Lakota</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wocekiye" title="Wocekiye">Wocekiye</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsimshian_mythology" title="Tsimshian mythology">Tsimshian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ute_mythology" title="Ute mythology">Ute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_religions#Washat_Dreamers_Religion" title="Native American religions">Washat Dreamers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaqui#Yaqui_cosmology_and_religion" title="Yaqui">Yaqui</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Tai_peoples" title="Tai peoples">Tai</a> and <a href="/wiki/Miao_people" title="Miao people">Miao</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahom_religion" title="Ahom religion">Ahom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miao_folk_religion" title="Miao folk religion">Hmongism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mo_(religion)" title="Mo (religion)">Mo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tai_folk_religion" title="Tai folk religion">Satsana Phi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Tibeto-Burman_languages" title="Tibeto-Burman languages">Tibeto-Burmese</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bon" title="Bon">Bon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burmese_folk_religion" title="Burmese folk religion">Burmese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benzhuism" title="Benzhuism">Benzhuism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bimoism" title="Bimoism">Bimoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bathouism" title="Bathouism">Bathouism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mun_(religion)" title="Mun (religion)">Bongthingism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dongba" title="Dongba">Dongba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donyi-Polo" title="Donyi-Polo">Donyi-Polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heraka" class="mw-redirect" title="Heraka">Heraka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirat_Mundhum" title="Kirat Mundhum">Kiratism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qiang_folk_religion" title="Qiang folk religion">Qiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanamahism" title="Sanamahism">Sanamahism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_African_religions" title="Traditional African religions">Traditional <br /> African</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">North African</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Berber_religion" title="Traditional Berber religion">Berber</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Guanche_People" title="Church of the Guanche People">Guanche church</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Africa" title="Religion in Africa">Sub-Saharan<br />African</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kamba_people" title="Kamba people">Akamba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akan_religion" title="Akan religion">Akan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baluba_mythology" class="mw-redirect" title="Baluba mythology">Baluba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantu_mythology" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantu mythology">Bantu</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kongo_religion" title="Kongo religion">Kongo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zulu_traditional_religion" title="Zulu traditional religion">Zulu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bushongo_mythology" class="mw-redirect" title="Bushongo mythology">Bushongo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinka_religion" title="Dinka religion">Dinka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dogon_religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Dogon religion">Dogon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efik_mythology" title="Efik mythology">Efik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dahomean_religion" title="Dahomean religion">Fon and Ewe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ik_people" title="Ik people">Ik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotuko_mythology" class="mw-redirect" title="Lotuko mythology">Lotuko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lozi_mythology" title="Lozi mythology">Lozi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lugbara_mythology" title="Lugbara mythology">Lugbara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maasai_mythology" class="mw-redirect" title="Maasai mythology">Maasai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbuti_mythology" title="Mbuti mythology">Mbuti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odinala" title="Odinala">Odinala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_religion" title="San religion">San</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serer_religion" title="Serer religion">Serer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tumbuka_mythology" title="Tumbuka mythology">Tumbuka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urhobo_people" title="Urhobo people">Urhobo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waaqeffanna" title="Waaqeffanna">Waaqeffanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoruba_religion" title="Yoruba religion">Yoruba</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/If%C3%A1" title="Ifá">Ifá</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/African_diaspora_religions" title="African diaspora religions">Diasporic</a>:</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Candombl%C3%A9" title="Candomblé">Candomblé</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Candombl%C3%A9_Bantu" title="Candomblé Bantu">Bantu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candombl%C3%A9_Jej%C3%A9" title="Candomblé Jejé">Jejé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candombl%C3%A9_Ketu" title="Candomblé Ketu">Ketu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comfa" title="Comfa">Comfa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convince" title="Convince">Convince</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Espiritismo" title="Espiritismo">Espiritismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumina" title="Kumina">Kumina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obeah" title="Obeah">Obeah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palo_(religion)" title="Palo (religion)">Palo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quimbanda" title="Quimbanda">Quimbanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santer%C3%ADa" title="Santería">Santería</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tambor_de_Mina" title="Tambor de Mina">Tambor de Mina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinidad_Orisha" title="Trinidad Orisha">Trinidad Orisha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umbanda" title="Umbanda">Umbanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_Vodou" title="Haitian Vodou">Vodou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Voodoo" title="Louisiana Voodoo">Voodoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winti" title="Winti">Winti</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Other ethnic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Aboriginal_religion_and_mythology" title="Australian Aboriginal religion and mythology">Aboriginal Australian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inuit_religion" title="Inuit religion">Inuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papuan_mythology" title="Papuan mythology">Papuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamanism_in_Siberia" title="Shamanism in Siberia">Siberian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/New_religious_movement" title="New religious movement">New<br /> religious<br /> movements</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Syncretic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zoroastrianism_in_Russia" title="Zoroastrianism in Russia">Blagovery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmoism" title="Brahmoism">Brahmoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coconut_Religion" title="Coconut Religion">Coconut Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falun_Gong" title="Falun Gong">Falun Gong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_new_religions" title="Japanese new religions">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meivazhi" title="Meivazhi">Meivazhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modekngei" title="Modekngei">Modekngei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Acropolis" title="New Acropolis">New Acropolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Age" title="New Age">New Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Thought" title="New Thought">New Thought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajneesh_movement" title="Rajneesh movement">Rajneesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rastafari" title="Rastafari">Rastafari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roerichism" title="Roerichism">Roerichism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Sant_Mat_movements" title="Contemporary Sant Mat movements">Sant Mat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Radha_Soami" title="Radha Soami">Radha Soami</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritualism_(movement)" title="Spiritualism (movement)">Spiritualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subud" title="Subud">Subud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tensegrity_(Castaneda)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tensegrity (Castaneda)">Tensegrity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thelema" title="Thelema">Thelema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theosophy" title="Theosophy">Theosophy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Theosophy" title="Neo-Theosophy">Neo-Theosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agni_Yoga" title="Agni Yoga">Agni Yoga</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transcendental_Meditation" title="Transcendental Meditation">Transcendental Meditation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unitarian_Universalism" title="Unitarian Universalism">Unitarian Universalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_White_Brotherhood" title="Universal White Brotherhood">White Brotherhood</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Modern_paganism" title="Modern paganism">Modern<br />paganism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>African <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Godianism" title="Godianism">Godianism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hetanism" title="Hetanism">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltic_neopaganism" title="Baltic neopaganism">Baltic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dievtur%C4%ABba" title="Dievturība">Dievturība</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romuva_(religion)" title="Romuva (religion)">Romuva</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caucasian_neopaganism" title="Caucasian neopaganism">Caucasian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhaz_neopaganism" class="mw-redirect" title="Abkhaz neopaganism">Abkhaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adyghe_Xabze" title="Adyghe Xabze">Circassian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_neopaganism" title="Celtic neopaganism">Celtic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Druidry_(modern)" title="Druidry (modern)">Druidry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heathenry_(new_religious_movement)" title="Heathenry (new religious movement)">Germanic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenism_(modern_religion)" title="Hellenism (modern religion)">Hellenism (modern religion)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoshamanism" title="Neoshamanism">Neoshamanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assianism" title="Assianism">Ossetian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytheistic_reconstructionism" title="Polytheistic reconstructionism">Polytheistic reconstructionism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reconstructionist_Roman_religion" title="Reconstructionist Roman religion">Italo-Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemetism" title="Kemetism">Kemetism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zalmoxianism" title="Zalmoxianism">Romanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavic_Native_Faith" title="Slavic Native Faith">Slavic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Authentism" title="Russian Authentism">Authentism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uralic_neopaganism" title="Uralic neopaganism">Uralic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_neopaganism" title="Estonian neopaganism">Estonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_Finnish_paganism" title="Modern Finnish paganism">Finnish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Native_Faith" title="Hungarian Native Faith">Hungarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mari_religion" title="Mari religion">Mari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erzyan_native_religion" title="Erzyan native religion">Erzya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1mi_shamanism" title="Sámi shamanism">Sámi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udmurt_Vos" title="Udmurt Vos">Udmurt</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wicca" title="Wicca">Wicca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zalmoxianism" title="Zalmoxianism">Zalmoxianism</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_modern_pagan_movements" title="List of modern pagan movements">list</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">De novo</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthroposophy" title="Anthroposophy">Anthroposophy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Christian_Community" title="The Christian Community">The Christian Community</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discordianism" title="Discordianism">Discordianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eckankar" title="Eckankar">Eckankar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Way" title="Fourth Way">Fourth Way</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goddess_movement" title="Goddess movement">Goddess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jediism" title="Jediism">Jediism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satanism" title="Satanism">Satanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientology" title="Scientology">Scientology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFO_religion" title="UFO religion">UFO religion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ra%C3%ABlism" title="Raëlism">Raëlism</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Historical_religions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_religion" title="History of religion">Historical religions</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_religion" title="Prehistoric religion">Prehistoric</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paleolithic_religion" title="Paleolithic religion">Paleolithic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ainu_people#Religion" title="Ainu people">Ainu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_pre-Islamic_Arabia" title="Religion in pre-Islamic Arabia">Arabian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_mythology" title="Armenian mythology">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltic_mythology" title="Baltic mythology">Baltic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_mythology" title="Latvian mythology">Latvian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_mythology" title="Lithuanian mythology">Lithuanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prussian_mythology" title="Prussian mythology">Old Prussian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basque_mythology" title="Basque mythology">Basque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Celtic_religion" title="Ancient Celtic religion">Celtic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Druid" title="Druid">Druidism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_mythology" title="Irish mythology">Irish</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands_mythology" title="Cook Islands mythology">Cook Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dravidian_folk_religion" title="Dravidian folk religion">Dravidian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_religion" title="Ancient Egyptian religion">Egyptian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atenism" title="Atenism">Atenism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etruscan_religion" title="Etruscan religion">Etruscan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_mythology" title="Finnish mythology">Finnish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuegians#Spiritual_culture" title="Fuegians">Fuegian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Selk%27nam_mythology" title="Selk'nam mythology">Selk'nam</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_mythology" title="Georgian mythology">Georgian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanic_paganism" title="Germanic paganism">Germanic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Saxon_paganism" title="Anglo-Saxon paganism">Anglo-Saxon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Germanic_mythology" title="Continental Germanic mythology">Continental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankish_paganism" title="Frankish paganism">Frankish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Norse_religion" title="Old Norse religion">Norse</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_religion" title="Ancient Greek religion">Greek</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gnosticism" title="Gnosticism">Gnosticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greco-Buddhism" title="Greco-Buddhism">Greco-Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermeticism" title="Hermeticism">Hermeticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_mysteries" title="Greco-Roman mysteries">Mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orphism_(religion)" title="Orphism (religion)">Orphism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guanches#System_of_beliefs" title="Guanches">Guanche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indus_Valley_Civilisation#Religion" title="Indus Valley Civilisation">Harappan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hittite_mythology_and_religion" title="Hittite mythology and religion">Hittite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_mythology" title="Hungarian mythology">Hungarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurrian_religion" title="Hurrian religion">Hurrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illinois_Confederacy#Religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Illinois Confederacy">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inca_mythology" title="Inca mythology">Inca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaican_Maroon_religion" title="Jamaican Maroon religion">Jamaican Maroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manichaeism" title="Manichaeism">Manichaeism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mazdak" title="Mazdak">Mazdakism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanesian_mythology" title="Melanesian mythology">Melanesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Mesopotamian_religion" title="Ancient Mesopotamian religion">Mesopotamian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Babylonian_religion" title="Babylonian religion">Babylonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumerian_religion" title="Sumerian religion">Sumerian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micronesian_mythology" title="Micronesian mythology">Micronesian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nauruan_Indigenous_religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Nauruan Indigenous religion">Nauruan Indigenous religion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olmec_religion" title="Olmec religion">Olmec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleo-Balkan_mythology" title="Paleo-Balkan mythology">Paleo-Balkan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_folk_beliefs" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian folk beliefs">Albanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dacian_mythology" class="mw-redirect" title="Dacian mythology">Dacian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illyrian_religion" title="Illyrian religion">Illyrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thracian_religion" title="Thracian religion">Thracian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-Iranian_religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Indo-Iranian religion">Proto-Indo-Iranian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Iranian_religion" title="Ancient Iranian religion">Iranian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_Vedic_religion" title="Historical Vedic religion">Vedic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basketmaker_III_Era#Culture_and_religion" title="Basketmaker III Era">Ancestral Pueblo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pueblo_II_Period#Culture_and_religion" title="Pueblo II Period">Pueblo II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pueblo_III_Period#Culture_and_religion" title="Pueblo III Period">Pueblo III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pueblo_IV_Period#Culture_and_religion" title="Pueblo IV Period">Pueblo IV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapa_Nui_mythology" title="Rapa Nui mythology">Rapa Nui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_ancient_Rome" title="Religion in ancient Rome">Roman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cybele" title="Cybele">Cult of Magna Mater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallo-Roman_religion" title="Gallo-Roman religion">Gallo-Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_imperial_cult" title="Roman imperial cult">Imperial cult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mithraism" title="Mithraism">Mithraism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mysteries_of_Isis" title="Mysteries of Isis">Mysteries of Isis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Semitic_religion" title="Ancient Semitic religion">Semitic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canaanite_religion" title="Canaanite religion">Canaanite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punic_religion" title="Punic religion">Punic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yahwism" title="Yahwism">Yahwism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scythian_religion" title="Scythian religion">Scythian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavic_paganism" title="Slavic paganism">Slavic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_mythology" title="Somali mythology">Somali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongan_religion" title="Tongan religion">Tongan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urartu#Religion" title="Urartu">Urartu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vainakh_religion" title="Vainakh religion">Vainakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zapotec_civilization#Religion_and_Myth" title="Zapotec civilization">Zapotec</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Topics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Topics</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Aspects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostasy" title="Apostasy">Apostasy</a> / <a href="/wiki/Religious_disaffiliation" title="Religious disaffiliation">Disaffiliation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_behaviour" title="Religious behaviour">Behaviour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belief#Religion" title="Belief">Beliefs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Call_to_prayer" title="Call to prayer">Call to prayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laicism" title="Laicism">Laicism</a> / <a href="/wiki/Laity" title="Laity">Laity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Covenant_(religion)" title="Covenant (religion)">Covenant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_conversion" title="Religious conversion">Conversion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deity" title="Deity">Deities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_denomination" title="Religious denomination">Denomination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entheogen" title="Entheogen">Entheogens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_religion" title="Ethnic religion">Ethnic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faith" title="Faith">Faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_worship" title="Fire worship">Fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_religion" title="Folk religion">Folk religion</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goddess" title="Goddess">Goddess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_religion" title="Indigenous religion">Indigenous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meditation" title="Meditation">Meditation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monasticism" title="Monasticism">Monasticism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monk" title="Monk">Monk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novice" title="Novice">Novice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nun" title="Nun">Nun</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mysticism" title="Mysticism">Mysticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_and_mythology" title="Religion and mythology">Mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordination" title="Ordination">Ordination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthodoxy" title="Orthodoxy">Orthodoxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthopraxy" title="Orthopraxy">Orthopraxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paganism" title="Paganism">Paganism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prayer" title="Prayer">Prayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prophecy" title="Prophecy">Prophecy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_experience" title="Religious experience">Religious experience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritual" title="Ritual">Ritual</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liturgy" title="Liturgy">Liturgy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritual_purification" title="Ritual purification">Purification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacrifice" title="Sacrifice">Sacrifice</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_space" title="Sacred space">Sacred space</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_waters" title="Sacred waters">Bodies of water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_grove" title="Sacred grove">Groves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_mountains" title="Sacred mountains">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_tree" title="Sacred tree">Trees</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soul" title="Soul">Soul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirituality" title="Spirituality">Spirituality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supernatural" title="Supernatural">Supernatural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_symbol" title="Religious symbol">Symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_text" title="Religious text">Text</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_views_on_truth" title="Religious views on truth">Truth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_and_religion" title="Water and religion">Water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worship" title="Worship">Worship</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Worship_of_heavenly_bodies" title="Worship of heavenly bodies">Astral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nature_worship" title="Nature worship">Nature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_of_worship" title="Place of worship">Place</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Theism" title="Theism">Theism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animism" title="Animism">Animism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deism" title="Deism">Deism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dualism_in_cosmology" title="Dualism in cosmology">Dualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henotheism" title="Henotheism">Henotheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monotheism" title="Monotheism">Monotheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nontheism" title="Nontheism">Nontheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panentheism" title="Panentheism">Panentheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantheism" title="Pantheism">Pantheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytheism" title="Polytheism">Polytheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transtheism" title="Transtheism">Transtheism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Religious_studies" title="Religious studies">Religious<br />studies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthropology_of_religion" title="Anthropology of religion">Anthropology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cognitive_science_of_religion" title="Cognitive science of religion">Cognitive science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_religion" title="Comparative religion">Comparative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolutionary_origin_of_religion" title="Evolutionary origin of religion">Evolutionary origin of religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolutionary_psychology_of_religion" title="Evolutionary psychology of religion">Evolutionary psychology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_religion" title="History of religion">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neuroscience_of_religion" title="Neuroscience of religion">Neurotheology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_religion" title="Philosophy of religion">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychology_of_religion" title="Psychology of religion">Psychology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sociology_of_religion" title="Sociology of religion">Sociology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soteriology" title="Soteriology">Soteriology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Salvation" title="Salvation">Salvation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theology" title="Theology">Theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theories_about_religion" title="Theories about religion">Theories about religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_and_religion" title="Women and religion">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Religion_and_society" title="Category:Religion and society">Religion <br />and society</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_and_agriculture" title="Religion and agriculture">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_and_business" title="Religion and business">Business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clericalism" title="Clericalism">Clericalism</a> / <a href="/wiki/Clergy" title="Clergy">Clergy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monasticism" title="Monasticism">Monasticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordination" title="Ordination">Ordination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priest" title="Priest">Priest</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_conversion" title="Religious conversion">Conversion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religious_assimilation" title="Religious assimilation">Assimilation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missionary" title="Missionary">Missionary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proselytism" title="Proselytism">Proselytism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disability_and_religion" title="Disability and religion">Disability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_education" title="Religious education">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_fanaticism" title="Religious fanaticism">Fanaticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion" title="Freedom of religion">Freedom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religious_pluralism" title="Religious pluralism">Pluralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syncretism" title="Syncretism">Syncretism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toleration" title="Toleration">Toleration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universalism" title="Universalism">Universalism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fundamentalism" title="Fundamentalism">Fundamentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Growth_of_religion" title="Growth of religion">Growth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_and_happiness" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion and happiness">Happiness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homosexuality_and_religion" title="Homosexuality and religion">Homosexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minority_religion" title="Minority religion">Minorities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_church" title="National church">National church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Importance_of_religion_by_country" title="Importance of religion by country">National religiosity levels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_politics" title="Religion in politics">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_religious_populations" title="List of religious populations">Populations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religiocentrism" title="Religiocentrism">Religiocentrism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schism" title="Schism">Schism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relationship_between_religion_and_science" title="Relationship between religion and science">Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_religion" title="State religion">State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theocracy" title="Theocracy">Theocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegetarianism_and_religion" title="Vegetarianism and religion">Vegetarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_and_video_games" title="Religion and video games">Video games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_violence" title="Religious violence">Violence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religious_persecution" title="Religious persecution">Persecution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_terrorism" title="Religious terrorism">Terrorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_war" title="Religious war">War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sectarian_violence" title="Sectarian violence">Sectarian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wealth_and_religion" title="Wealth and religion">Wealth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Secularism" title="Secularism">Secularism</a> <br />and <a href="/wiki/Irreligion" title="Irreligion">irreligion</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agnosticism" title="Agnosticism">Agnosticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antireligion" title="Antireligion">Antireligion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atheism" title="Atheism">Atheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_religion" title="Criticism of religion">Criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Positive_deconstruction" title="Positive deconstruction">Deconstruction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Objectivism" title="Objectivism">Objectivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secular_humanism" title="Secular humanism">Secular humanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secular_theology" title="Secular theology">Secular theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secularization" title="Secularization">Secularization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state" title="Separation of church and state">Separation of church and state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_religions_and_spiritual_traditions" title="List of religions and spiritual traditions">Unaffiliated</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Overviews<br />and <a href="/wiki/Category:Religion-related_lists" title="Category:Religion-related lists">lists</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Table_of_prophets_of_Abrahamic_religions" title="Table of prophets of Abrahamic religions">Abrahamic prophets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_who_have_been_considered_deities" title="List of people who have been considered deities">Deification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_deities" title="Lists of deities">Deities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_founders_of_religious_traditions" title="List of founders of religious traditions">Founders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_religion-related_articles" title="Index of religion-related articles">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_peaceful_gatherings" title="List of largest peaceful gatherings">Mass gatherings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Names_of_God" title="Names of God">Names of God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_religious_movements" title="List of new religious movements">New religious movements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_religious_organizations" title="List of religious organizations">Organizations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_religion" title="Outline of religion">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_religions_and_spiritual_traditions" title="List of religions and spiritual traditions">Religions and spiritual traditions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_studies" title="Religious studies">Scholars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_religion" title="Timeline of religion">Timeline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Religion_by_country" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Religion by country</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Africa" title="Religion in Africa">Africa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Algeria" title="Religion in Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Angola" title="Religion in Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Benin" title="Religion in Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Botswana" title="Religion in Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Burkina_Faso" title="Religion in Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Burundi" title="Religion in Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Cameroon" title="Religion in Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Cape_Verde" title="Religion in Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Religion in the Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Chad" title="Religion in Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Comoros" title="Religion in the Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Religion in the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Religion in the Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Djibouti" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Egypt" title="Religion in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Equatorial_Guinea" title="Religion in Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Eritrea" title="Religion in Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Eswatini" title="Religion in Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Ethiopia" title="Religion in Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Gabon" title="Religion in Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Gambia" title="Religion in the Gambia">Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Ghana" title="Religion in Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Guinea" title="Religion in Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Guinea-Bissau" title="Religion in Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Ivory_Coast" title="Religion in Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Kenya" title="Religion in Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Lesotho" title="Religion in Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Liberia" title="Religion in Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Libya" title="Religion in Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Madagascar" title="Religion in Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Malawi" title="Religion in Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Mali" title="Religion in Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Mauritania" title="Religion in Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Mauritius" title="Religion in Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Morocco" title="Religion in Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Mozambique" title="Religion in Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Namibia" title="Religion in Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Niger" title="Religion in Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Nigeria" title="Religion in Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Rwanda" title="Religion in Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="Religion in São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Senegal" title="Religion in Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Seychelles" title="Religion in Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Sierra_Leone" title="Religion in Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Somalia" title="Religion in Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_South_Africa" title="Religion in South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_South_Sudan" title="Religion in South Sudan">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Sudan" title="Religion in Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Tanzania" title="Religion in Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Togo" title="Religion in Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Tunisia" title="Religion in Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Uganda" title="Religion in Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Zambia" title="Religion in Zambia">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Zimbabwe" title="Religion in Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Asia" title="Religion in Asia">Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Afghanistan" title="Religion in Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Armenia" title="Religion in Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Azerbaijan" title="Religion in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Bahrain" title="Religion in Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Bangladesh" title="Religion in Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Bhutan" title="Religion in Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Brunei" title="Religion in Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Cambodia" title="Religion in Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_China" title="Religion in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Cyprus" title="Religion in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_East_Timor" title="Religion in East Timor">East Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Religion in Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Hong_Kong" title="Religion in Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_India" title="Religion in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Indonesia" title="Religion in Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Iran" title="Religion in Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Iraq" title="Religion in Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Israel" title="Religion in Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Japan" title="Religion in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Jordan" title="Religion in Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Kazakhstan" title="Religion in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Korea" title="Religion in Korea">Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_North_Korea" title="Religion in North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_South_Korea" title="Religion in South Korea">South Korea</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Kuwait" title="Religion in Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Kyrgyzstan" title="Religion in Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Laos" title="Religion in Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Lebanon" title="Religion in Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Macau" title="Religion in Macau">Macau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Malaysia" title="Religion in Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Maldives" title="Religion in the Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Mongolia" title="Religion in Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Myanmar" title="Religion in Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Nepal" title="Religion in Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Oman" title="Religion in Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Pakistan" title="Religion in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_State_of_Palestine" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in the State of Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Philippines" title="Religion in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Qatar" title="Religion in Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Religion in Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Singapore" title="Religion in Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Religion in Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Syria" title="Religion in Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Taiwan" title="Religion in Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Tajikistan" title="Religion in Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Thailand" title="Religion in Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Turkey" title="Religion in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Turkmenistan" title="Religion in Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Religion in the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Uzbekistan" title="Religion in Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Vietnam" title="Religion in Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Yemen" title="Religion in Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Europe" title="Religion in Europe">Europe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Albania" title="Religion in Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Andorra" title="Religion in Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Austria" title="Religion in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Belarus" title="Religion in Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Belgium" title="Religion in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Religion in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Bulgaria" title="Religion in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Croatia" title="Religion in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="Religion in the Czech Republic">Czechia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Denmark" title="Religion in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Estonia" title="Religion in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Finland" title="Religion in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_France" title="Religion in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Germany" title="Religion in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Greece" title="Religion in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Hungary" title="Religion in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Iceland" title="Religion in Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Religion in the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Italy" title="Religion in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Kosovo" title="Religion in Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Latvia" title="Religion in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Liechtenstein" title="Religion in Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Lithuania" title="Religion in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Luxembourg" title="Religion in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Malta" title="Religion in Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Moldova" title="Religion in Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Monaco" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Montenegro" title="Religion in Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Netherlands" title="Religion in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_North_Macedonia" title="Religion in North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Norway" title="Religion in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Poland" title="Religion in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Portugal" title="Religion in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Romania" title="Religion in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Russia" title="Religion in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_San_Marino" title="Religion in San Marino">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Serbia" title="Religion in Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Slovakia" title="Religion in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Slovenia" title="Religion in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Spain" title="Religion in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Sweden" title="Religion in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Switzerland" title="Religion in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Ukraine" title="Religion in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Religion in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_England" title="Religion in England">England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Religion in Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Scotland" title="Religion in Scotland">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Wales" title="Religion in Wales">Wales</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_North_America" title="Religion in North America">North America</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Religion in Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Bahamas" title="Religion in the Bahamas">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Barbados" title="Religion in Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Belize" title="Religion in Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Canada" title="Religion in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Costa_Rica" title="Religion in Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Cuba" title="Religion in Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Dominica" title="Religion in Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Dominican_Republic" title="Religion in the Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_El_Salvador" title="Religion in El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Grenada" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Grenada">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Guatemala" title="Religion in Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Haiti" title="Religion in Haiti">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Honduras" title="Religion in Honduras">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Jamaica" title="Religion in Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Mexico" title="Religion in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Nicaragua" title="Religion in Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Panama" title="Religion in Panama">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Saint_Lucia" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Religion in Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_United_States" title="Religion in the United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Oceania" title="Religion in Oceania">Oceania</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Australia" title="Religion in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Fiji" title="Religion in Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Kiribati" title="Religion in Kiribati">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Marshall_Islands" title="Religion in the Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Religion in the Federated States of Micronesia">Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Nauru" title="Religion in Nauru">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_New_Zealand" title="Religion in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Palau" title="Religion in Palau">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Religion in Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Samoa" title="Religion in Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Solomon_Islands" title="Religion in Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Tonga" title="Religion in Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Tuvalu" title="Religion in Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Vanuatu" title="Religion in Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_South_America" title="Religion in South America">South America</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Argentina" title="Religion in Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Bolivia" title="Religion in Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Brazil" title="Religion in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Chile" title="Religion in Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Colombia" title="Religion in Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Ecuador" title="Religion in Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Guyana" title="Religion in Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Paraguay" title="Religion in Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Peru" title="Religion in Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Suriname" title="Religion in Suriname">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Uruguay" title="Religion in Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Venezuela" title="Religion in Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Religion" title="Category:Religion">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Religion" title="Portal:Religion">Portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Theology" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Theology" title="Template:Theology"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Theology" title="Template talk:Theology"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Theology" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Theology"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Theology" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Theology" title="Theology">Theology</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Conceptions_of_God" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Conceptions_of_God" title="Conceptions of God">Conceptions of God</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Theism" title="Theism">Theism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Forms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deism" title="Deism">Deism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dystheism" title="Dystheism">Dystheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henotheism" title="Henotheism">Henotheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermeticism" title="Hermeticism">Hermeticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathenotheism" title="Kathenotheism">Kathenotheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nontheism" title="Nontheism">Nontheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monolatry" title="Monolatry">Monolatry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monotheism" title="Monotheism">Monotheism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Urmonotheismus" title="Urmonotheismus">Urmonotheismus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mysticism" title="Mysticism">Mysticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panentheism" title="Panentheism">Panentheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandeism" title="Pandeism">Pandeism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantheism" title="Pantheism">Pantheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytheism" title="Polytheism">Polydeism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytheism" title="Polytheism">Polytheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritualism_(movement)" title="Spiritualism (movement)">Spiritualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theistic_finitism" title="Theistic finitism">Theistic finitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theopanism" title="Theopanism">Theopanism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deity" title="Deity">Deity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divinity" title="Divinity">Divinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_of_God" title="Gender of God">Gender of God</a> <i>and gods</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Goddess" title="Goddess">Goddess</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Numen" title="Numen">Numen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Singular god</a><br />theologies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By faith</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Abrahamic_religions" title="God in Abrahamic religions">Abrahamic religions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God_in_the_Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith" title="God in the Baháʼí Faith">Baháʼí Faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Judaism" title="God in Judaism">Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Christianity" title="God in Christianity">Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Islam" title="God in Islam">Islam</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creator_in_Buddhism" title="Creator in Buddhism">Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Hinduism" title="God in Hinduism">Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Jainism" title="God in Jainism">Jainism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Sikhism" title="God in Sikhism">Sikhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahura_Mazda" title="Ahura Mazda">Zoroastrianism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Absolute_(philosophy)" title="Absolute (philosophy)">Absolute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahman" title="Brahman">Brahman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emanationism" title="Emanationism">Emanationism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logos" title="Logos">Logos</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Supreme Being</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">God as</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God_the_Sustainer" title="God the Sustainer">Sustainer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zurvanism" title="Zurvanism">Time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good" title="Good">Good</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ahura_Mazda" title="Ahura Mazda">Ahura Mazda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Father_of_Greatness" title="Father of Greatness">Father of Greatness</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Trinity" title="Trinity">Trinitarianism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athanasian_Creed" title="Athanasian Creed">Athanasian Creed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannine_Comma" title="Johannine Comma">Comma Johanneum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consubstantiality" title="Consubstantiality">Consubstantiality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homoousion" title="Homoousion">Homoousian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homoiousian" title="Homoiousian">Homoiousian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypostasis_(philosophy_and_religion)" title="Hypostasis (philosophy and religion)">Hypostasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perichoresis" title="Perichoresis">Perichoresis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shield_of_the_Trinity" title="Shield of the Trinity">Shield of the Trinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinitarian_formula" title="Trinitarian formula">Trinitarian formula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity" title="Trinity">Trinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinitarianism_in_the_Church_Fathers" title="Trinitarianism in the Church Fathers">Trinity of the Church Fathers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinitarian_universalism" title="Trinitarian universalism">Trinitarian universalism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eschatology" title="Eschatology">Eschatology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afterlife" title="Afterlife">Afterlife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apocalypticism" title="Apocalypticism">Apocalypticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fate_of_the_unlearned" title="Fate of the unlearned">Fate of the unlearned</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fitra" title="Fitra">Fitra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heaven" title="Heaven">Heaven</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hell" title="Hell">Hell</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="By_religion" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By religion</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_eschatology" title="Buddhist eschatology">Buddhist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_eschatology" title="Christian eschatology">Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_eschatology" title="Hindu eschatology">Hindu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_eschatology" title="Islamic eschatology">Islamic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_eschatology" title="Jewish eschatology">Jewish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_Incantations_Scripture" title="Divine Incantations Scripture">Taoist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frashokereti" title="Frashokereti">Zoroastrian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Feminist_theology" title="Feminist theology">Feminist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Buddhism" title="Women in Buddhism">Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_feminism" title="Christian feminism">Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Hinduism" title="Women in Hinduism">Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_feminism" title="Islamic feminism">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_feminism" title="Jewish feminism">Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mormonism_and_women" title="Mormonism and women">Mormonism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goddess" title="Goddess">Goddesses</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Attributes_of_God_in_Christianity" title="Attributes of God in Christianity">Attributes of God in Christianity</a> / <a href="/wiki/God_in_Islam" title="God in Islam">in Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binitarianism" title="Binitarianism">Binitarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demiurge" title="Demiurge">Demiurge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_simplicity" title="Divine simplicity">Divine simplicity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_presence" title="Divine presence">Divine presence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egotheism" title="Egotheism">Egotheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exotheology" title="Exotheology">Exotheology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holocaust_theology" title="Holocaust theology">Holocaust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Godhead_in_Christianity" title="Godhead in Christianity">Godhead in Christianity</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/God_in_Mormonism" title="God in Mormonism">Latter Day Saints</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Architect_of_the_Universe" title="Great Architect of the Universe">Great Architect of the Universe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Spirit" title="Great Spirit">Great Spirit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apophatic_theology" title="Apophatic theology">Apophatic theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olelbis" title="Olelbis">Olelbis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_theism" title="Open theism">Open theism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_god" title="Personal god">Personal god</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phenomenological_definition_of_God" class="mw-redirect" title="Phenomenological definition of God">Phenomenological definition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philo%27s_view_of_God" class="mw-redirect" title="Philo's view of God">Philo's view</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Process_theology" title="Process theology">Process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tian" title="Tian">Tian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unmoved_mover" title="Unmoved mover">Unmoved mover</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Names_of_God" title="Names of God">Names of God</a> in</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Names_of_God_in_Christianity" title="Names of God in Christianity">Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_titles_and_names_of_Krishna" title="List of titles and names of Krishna">Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Names_of_God_in_Islam" title="Names of God in Islam">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirthankara" title="Tirthankara">Jainism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Names_of_God_in_Judaism" title="Names of God in Judaism">Judaism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="By_faith" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">By faith</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Christian" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christian_theology" title="Christian theology">Christian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Christian_theology" title="History of Christian theology">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Christian_theology" title="Outline of Christian theology">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblical_canon" title="Biblical canon">Biblical canon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_Christianity" title="Glossary of Christianity">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paterology" title="Paterology">Paterology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christology" title="Christology">Christology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pneumatology" title="Pneumatology">Pneumatology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblical_cosmology" title="Biblical cosmology">Cosmology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiology" title="Ecclesiology">Ecclesiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_eschatology" title="Christian eschatology">Eschatology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_ethics" title="Christian ethics">Ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sin" title="Sin">Hamartiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messianism" title="Messianism">Messianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_philosophy" title="Christian philosophy">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_theology" title="Political theology">Political</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Practical_theology" title="Practical theology">Practical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_theology" title="Public theology">Public</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophiology" title="Sophiology">Sophiology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvation_in_Christianity" title="Salvation in Christianity">Soteriology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%C4%80stika_and_n%C4%81stika" title="Āstika and nāstika">Hindu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ayyavazhi_theology" title="Ayyavazhi theology">Ayyavazhi theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaishnavism" title="Vaishnavism">Krishnology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Schools_of_Islamic_theology" title="Schools of Islamic theology">Islamic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tawhid" title="Tawhid">Oneness</a> of <a href="/wiki/God_in_Islam" title="God in Islam">God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prophets_and_messengers_in_Islam" title="Prophets and messengers in Islam">Prophets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_holy_books" title="Islamic holy books">Holy Scriptures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angels_in_Islam" title="Angels in Islam">Angels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Predestination_in_Islam" title="Predestination in Islam">Predestination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_eschatology" title="Islamic eschatology">Last Judgment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Jewish_theology" title="Category:Jewish theology">Jewish</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nevi%27im" title="Nevi'im">Abrahamic prophecy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aggadah" title="Aggadah">Aggadah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_religious_movements" title="Jewish religious movements">Denominations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabbalah" title="Kabbalah">Kabbalah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_philosophy" title="Jewish philosophy">Philosophy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Modern_pagan_theology" title="Category:Modern pagan theology">Pagan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Slavic_Native_Faith%27s_theology_and_cosmology" title="Slavic Native Faith's theology and cosmology">Slavic Native Faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiccan_views_of_divinity" title="Wiccan views of divinity">Wiccan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Religion" title="Portal:Religion">Religion portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link 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<li><a href="/wiki/Hayyi_Rabbi#Names" title="Hayyi Rabbi">In Mandaeism</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adon" title="Adon">Adonai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahura_Mazda" title="Ahura Mazda">Ahura Mazda</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khuda" title="Khuda">Khuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parvardigar" title="Parvardigar">Parvardigar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allah" title="Allah">Allah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amun" title="Amun">Amun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aten" title="Aten">Aten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atum" title="Atum">Atum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bathala" title="Bathala">Bathala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahman" title="Brahman">Brahman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagavan" title="Bhagavan">Bhagavan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mahadevi" title="Mahadevi">Mahadevi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tridevi" title="Tridevi">Tridevi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saraswati" title="Saraswati">Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakshmi" title="Lakshmi">Lakshmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parvati" title="Parvati">Parvati</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kali" title="Kali">Kali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durga" title="Durga">Durga</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deva_(Hinduism)" title="Deva (Hinduism)">Deva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trimurti" title="Trimurti">Trimurti</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahma" title="Brahma">Brahma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiranyagarbha" title="Hiranyagarbha">Hiranyagarbha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishvara" title="Ishvara">Ishvara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Om" title="Om">Om</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nasadiya_Sukta" title="Nasadiya Sukta">Tad Ekam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purusha" title="Purusha">Purusha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svayam_Bhagavan" title="Svayam Bhagavan">Svayam Bhagavan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cao_%C4%90%C3%A0i" class="mw-redirect" title="Cao Đài">Cao Đài</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chukwu" title="Chukwu">Chukwu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deus" title="Deus">Deus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devla" title="Devla">Devla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ein_Sof" title="Ein Sof">Ein Sof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_(deity)" title="El (deity)">El</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elohim" title="Elohim">Elohim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elyon" title="Elyon">El Elyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Shaddai" title="El Shaddai">El Shaddai</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">God</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God_the_Father" title="God the Father">God the Father</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_the_Son" title="God the Son">God the Son</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit_in_Christianity" title="Holy Spirit in Christianity">God the Holy Spirit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Spirit" title="Great Spirit">Great Spirit</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manitou" title="Manitou">Manitou</a>/<a href="/wiki/Gitche_Manitou" title="Gitche Manitou">Gitche Manitou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakan_Tanka" title="Wakan Tanka">Wakan Tanka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haneunim" title="Haneunim">Haneunim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayyi_Rabbi" title="Hayyi Rabbi">Hayyi Rabbi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit" title="Holy Spirit">Holy Spirit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huwa" title="Huwa">Huwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyang" title="Hyang">Hyang</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acintya" title="Acintya">Acintya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanghyang_Adi_Buddha" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanghyang Adi Buddha">Sanghyang Adi Buddha</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypsistos" class="mw-redirect" title="Hypsistos">Hypsistos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I_Am_that_I_Am" title="I Am that I Am">I Am that I Am</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jahbulon" title="Jahbulon">Jahbulon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_SubGenius" title="Church of the SubGenius">Jehovah 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kami" title="Kami">Kami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mawu" title="Mawu">Mawu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mulungu" title="Mulungu">Mulungu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngai" title="Ngai">Ngai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyame" class="mw-redirect" title="Nyame">Nyame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nzambi_a_Mpungu" title="Nzambi a Mpungu">Nzambi a Mpungu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olodumare" class="mw-redirect" title="Olodumare">Olodumare</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E1%BB%8Cl%E1%BB%8Drun" title="Ọlọrun">Ọlọrun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olofi" class="mw-redirect" title="Olofi">Olofi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osanobua" title="Osanobua">Osanobua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shen_(Chinese_religion)" title="Shen (Chinese religion)">Shen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shangdi" title="Shangdi">Shangdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tian" title="Tian">Tian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tianzhu_(Chinese_name_of_God)" title="Tianzhu (Chinese name of God)">Tianzhu</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sol_Invictus" title="Sol Invictus">Sol Invictus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elagabalus_(deity)" title="Elagabalus (deity)">Elagabalus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenri-%C5%8C-no-Mikoto" class="mw-redirect" title="Tenri-Ō-no-Mikoto">Tenri-Ō-no-Mikoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plotinus" title="Plotinus">The One</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umvelinqangi" title="Umvelinqangi">Umvelinqangi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unkulunkulu" title="Unkulunkulu">Unkulunkulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waheguru" title="Waheguru">Waheguru</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ik_Onkar" title="Ik Onkar">Ik Onkar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetragrammaton" title="Tetragrammaton">YHWH</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jehovah" title="Jehovah">Jehovah</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jah" title="Jah">Jah</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yahweh" title="Yahweh">Yahweh</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table 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