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Help_container__nw7xY"><article id="section-container"><div class="columns columns--3-1"><div class="column"><div class="HelpGettingStarted_root__wL1Si"><article class="HelpGettingStarted_anchorSection__KMuf3" id="bis-data-portal" data-anchor-title="BIS Data Portal"><h2>The BIS Data Portal - Global statistics at the heart of international cooperation</h2><span class="HelpGettingStarted_normalText__9hYhI">BIS statistics, compiled in cooperation with central banks and other national authorities, are designed to inform the analysis of international financial stability, monetary spillovers and global liquidity.<br/><br/>The BIS Data Portal is your entry point to global statistics. You can access a variety of tools and curated, statistical content for guided data and metadata exploration, quick data insights and efficient data export into multiple formats.</span><div class="TeaserVideo_root__xzKNc HelpGettingStarted_teaserVideo__8z53X"><div role="button" tabindex="0" class="TeaserVideo_thumbnail__KuUkc"><img alt="Youtube thumbnail showing the data portal website on three different devices" loading="lazy" decoding="async" data-nimg="fill" class="TeaserVideo_image__u2d_g" style="position:absolute;height:100%;width:100%;left:0;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;color:transparent" sizes="(max-width: 1024) 100vw, 700px}" srcSet="/_next/image?url=%2Fstatic%2Fimages%2Fdiscover-teaser.png&w=640&q=75 640w, /_next/image?url=%2Fstatic%2Fimages%2Fdiscover-teaser.png&w=750&q=75 750w, /_next/image?url=%2Fstatic%2Fimages%2Fdiscover-teaser.png&w=828&q=75 828w, /_next/image?url=%2Fstatic%2Fimages%2Fdiscover-teaser.png&w=1080&q=75 1080w, /_next/image?url=%2Fstatic%2Fimages%2Fdiscover-teaser.png&w=1200&q=75 1200w, /_next/image?url=%2Fstatic%2Fimages%2Fdiscover-teaser.png&w=1920&q=75 1920w, /_next/image?url=%2Fstatic%2Fimages%2Fdiscover-teaser.png&w=2048&q=75 2048w, /_next/image?url=%2Fstatic%2Fimages%2Fdiscover-teaser.png&w=3840&q=75 3840w" src="/_next/image?url=%2Fstatic%2Fimages%2Fdiscover-teaser.png&w=3840&q=75"/><span class="icon-stack TeaserVideo_playIcon__7Cwry fa-stack" data-testid="icon-stack"><i role="presentation" class="icon fas fa-circle fa-stack-2x icon--primary" aria-hidden="true"></i><i role="presentation" class="icon fas fa-triangle fa-sm fa-stack-1x fa-rotate-90 icon--light" aria-hidden="true"></i></span></div></div></article><article class="HelpGettingStarted_anchorSection__KMuf3" id="navigate-the-data-portal"><h2>Navigate the Data Portal</h2>The top navigation menu of the BIS Data Portal features the following sections:<div class="HelpGettingStarted_imageWrapper__jXG0a"><picture class="ResponsivePicture_autoSize__SrjAT"><img alt="Screenshot of the navigation menu" loading="eager" width="0" height="0" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" class="ResponsivePicture_image__rG7wb" style="color:transparent;object-position:center" sizes="100vw" srcSet="/_next/image?url=%2Fstatic%2Fimages%2Fhelp%2Fnavigate%2F01_Navigate.png&w=640&q=75 640w, /_next/image?url=%2Fstatic%2Fimages%2Fhelp%2Fnavigate%2F01_Navigate.png&w=750&q=75 750w, /_next/image?url=%2Fstatic%2Fimages%2Fhelp%2Fnavigate%2F01_Navigate.png&w=828&q=75 828w, /_next/image?url=%2Fstatic%2Fimages%2Fhelp%2Fnavigate%2F01_Navigate.png&w=1080&q=75 1080w, /_next/image?url=%2Fstatic%2Fimages%2Fhelp%2Fnavigate%2F01_Navigate.png&w=1200&q=75 1200w, /_next/image?url=%2Fstatic%2Fimages%2Fhelp%2Fnavigate%2F01_Navigate.png&w=1920&q=75 1920w, /_next/image?url=%2Fstatic%2Fimages%2Fhelp%2Fnavigate%2F01_Navigate.png&w=2048&q=75 2048w, /_next/image?url=%2Fstatic%2Fimages%2Fhelp%2Fnavigate%2F01_Navigate.png&w=3840&q=75 3840w" src="/_next/image?url=%2Fstatic%2Fimages%2Fhelp%2Fnavigate%2F01_Navigate.png&w=3840&q=75"/></picture></div><ul class="HelpGettingStarted_list__9iSNh"><li><b>Topics</b> – Explore BIS statistics by selecting a topic from this menu. Dive into one topic to find details about its methodology, metadata and relevant time series.</li><li><b>Releases</b> – Schedule of the latest, upcoming and past statistical releases.</li><li><b>Help</b> – Overview of available tools and resources for navigating the BIS data portal and finding, understanding, analysing and exporting our statistics.</li><li><b>Search</b> – Search for data series by keywords or series identifier.</li></ul></article></div></div><div class="column Help_hideOnMobile__3Teba"><aside class="Help_sideMenu__pB8ZS" role="navigation" aria-label="Table of contents"><div class="AnchorSideMenu_root__FxGln"><nav class="anchor-navigation"><ul class="anchor-navigation__list"></ul></nav></div></aside></div></div></article></div></div><button class="button button--light button--round button--filled back-to-top ScrollToTopButton_backToTop__8OAmV ScrollToTopButton_hidden__YUhtN" type="button" title="Scroll to top"><span class="button__content"><i role="presentation" 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See also “financial asset”.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0019","name":"commodity forward","description":"Contract between two parties to purchase or sell a commodity or commodity index at an agreed price on a future date.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0020","name":"commodity option","description":"Contract that gives the buyer the right (but not the obligation) to purchase or sell a commodity or commodity index at an agreed price at or by a specified date.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0021","name":"commodity swap","description":"Contract between two parties to exchange sequences of payments during a specified period, where at least one sequence of payments is tied to a commodity price or commodity index.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0022","name":"consolidated banking statistics (CBS)","description":"A BIS-organised data collection that measures banks’ country risk exposures. They capture the worldwide consolidated positions of banks headquartered in BIS reporting countries, including positions of their foreign affiliates but excluding intragroup positions. Central banks or other national authorities collect data from internationally active banks headquartered in their jurisdiction, compile national aggregates and then report these to the BIS to calculate global aggregates.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0023","name":"consortium bank","description":"A bank owned by two or more entities, in which no single entity has a controlling interest.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0024","name":"consumer price index (CPI)","description":"An index that measures the average change in the price of consumer items (goods and services) purchased by households in a given period. It is based on regular surveys of representative consumption baskets.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0025","name":"controlling parent","description":"Entity that owns or otherwise controls other entities within a corporate group and is not controlled by another entity. For most entities, the controlling parent is synonymous with the ultimate parent at the top of the corporate group. In the LBS and CBS, if the ultimate parent is not subject to prudential supervision – for example, where the ultimate parent is a shell company or a non-financial company – then the controlling parent may be defined as the highest intermediate parent that is subject to prudential supervision. See also “parent bank” and “home country”.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0026","name":"core debt","description":"See “debt, core and broad”.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0027","name":"countercyclical capital buffer (CCyB)","description":"The countercyclical capital buffer aims to ensure that capital requirements take account of the macro-financial environment in which banks operate. Its primary objective is to use a buffer of capital to achieve the broader macroprudential goal of protecting the banking sector from periods of excess aggregate credit growth that have often been associated with the build-up of system-wide risk. Under the Basel III supervisory framework, it is calculated as the weighted average of the buffers in effect in the jurisdictions to which banks have a credit exposure.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0028","name":"counterparty","description":"Entity that takes the opposite side of a financial contract or transaction – for example, the borrower in a loan contract, or the buyer in a sales transaction.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0029","name":"counterparty country","description":"Country where the counterparty resides.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0030","name":"country","description":"Territorial entity for which data are separately and independently maintained, including but not limited to national states as understood by international law and practice.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0031","name":"credit commitment","description":"Promise by a creditor to lend up to a specified amount to a borrower on demand. In the CBS, credit commitments refer to commitments that are irrevocable unilaterally by the creditor, ie revocable only with the consent of the borrower.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0032","name":"credit default swap (CDS)","description":"Contract whereby the seller commits to repay an obligation (eg bond) underlying the contract at par in the event of a default. To produce this guarantee, a regular premium is paid by the buyer during a specified period.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0033","name":"credit derivative","description":"Derivative whose redemption value is linked to specified credit-related events, such as bankruptcy, credit downgrade, non-payment or default of a borrower. For example, a lender might use a credit derivative to hedge the risk that a borrower might default. Common credit derivatives include credit default swaps (CDS), total return swaps and credit spread options.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0034","name":"credit-to-GDP gap","description":"The credit-to-GDP gap is defined as the difference between the credit-to-GDP ratio and its long-run trend, and captures the build-up of excessive credit in a reduced form fashion.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0035","name":"cross-border position","description":"Position on a non-resident – for example, claim on or liability to a counterparty located in a country other than the country where the banking office that books the position is located.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0036","name":"currency option","description":"Contract that gives the buyer the right (but not the obligation) to purchase or sell a currency at an agreed exchange rate at or by a specified date.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0037","name":"currency swap","description":"Contract between two parties to exchange sequences of payments during a specified period, where each sequence is tied to a different currency. At the end of the swap, principal amounts in the different currencies are usually exchanged.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0038","name":"daily average turnover","description":"Total amount of derivatives contracts traded in a day, calculated as the amount traded over a specified time period divided by the number of business days within this period","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0040","name":"debt instrument","description":"Instrument that requires the payment of principal and/or interest at some point(s) in the future. Debt instruments may refer to liabilities or claims, and include the following: currency and deposits, debt securities, loans, provision for calls under standardised guarantees, and other accounts receivable/payable.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0041","name":"debt security","description":"Negotiable instrument serving as evidence of a debt. Debt securities include the following instruments: bills, bonds, notes, negotiable certificates of deposit, commercial paper, debentures, asset-backed securities, money market instruments and similar instruments normally traded in financial markets.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0042","name":"debt service ratio (DSR)","description":"Debt service costs – comprising interest payments and debt amortisations – as a proportion of outstanding debt. The DSR is a measure of the financial constraints imposed by indebtedness.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0039","name":"debt, core and broad","description":"According to the System of National Accounts (SNA), debt can be “defined as a specific subset of liabilities identified according to the types of financial instruments included or excluded. Generally, debt is defined as all liabilities that require payment or payments of interest or principal by the debtor to the creditor at a date or dates in the future” (2008 SNA, #22.104).","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0043","name":"derivative","description":"Instrument whose value depends on some underlying financial asset, commodity or predefined variable.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0044","name":"derivative claim","description":"Derivative contract with a positive market value.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0045","name":"domestic bank","description":"Bank whose controlling parent is located in the respective BIS reporting country – for example, a bank with a controlling parent located in the United States is a US domestic bank.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0046","name":"domestic claim","description":"Claim of a domestic bank on residents of the bank’s home country. Domestic claims comprise local claims of the bank’s offices in the country as well as cross-border claims of the bank’s offices abroad.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0048","name":"effective exchange rate (EER)","description":"See “nominal effective exchange rate (NEER)” or “real effective exchange rate (REER)”.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0049","name":"entity","description":"Corporation, organisation or person that exists as a separately identifiable unit. “Separately identifiable” may be demonstrated by legal existence or the existence of a complete set of financial accounts, or by the ability to compile a meaningful and complete set of accounts if they were to be required.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0050","name":"equity forward","description":"Contract between two parties to purchase or sell an equity or equity basket at a set price at a future date.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0051","name":"equity option","description":"Contract that gives the buyer the right (but not the obligation) to purchase or sell an equity security or basket of equities at an agreed price at or by a specified date.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0052","name":"equity swap","description":"Contract between two parties to exchange sequences of payments during a specified period, where at least one sequence is tied to an equity price or an equity index.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0053","name":"exchange rate","description":"The price of one country’s currency in relation to another.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0054","name":"external position","description":"See “cross-border position”.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0055","name":"financial asset","description":"A loan, debt security or other debt instrument; equity or investment fund share; financial derivative; employee stock option; or monetary gold. See also “claim”.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0056","name":"financial corporation","description":"Entity that is principally engaged in providing financial services, such as financial intermediation, financial risk management or liquidity transformation. Financial corporations include the following entities: central banks, banks and non-bank financial corporations.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0057","name":"financial institution","description":"See “financial corporation”.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0058","name":"fixed interest rate","description":"Interest rate that is fixed for the life of the debt instrument or for a certain number of years. At the date of inception, the timing and value of coupon payments and principal repayments are known.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0059","name":"foreign bank","description":"Bank whose controlling parent is located in a country other than that where the borrower resides, ie bank whose controlling parent is a non-resident financial institution.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0060","name":"foreign claim","description":"Claim on residents of countries other than the country where the controlling parent is located, ie a claim of a domestic bank on non-residents of the reporting country. Foreign claims comprise local claims of the bank’s offices abroad as well as cross-border claims of the bank’s offices worldwide.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0061","name":"foreign exchange swap","description":"Transaction involving the actual exchange of two currencies (principal amount only) on a specific date at a rate agreed at the time of the conclusion of the contract (the short leg), and a reverse exchange of the same two currencies at a date further in the future at a rate (generally different from the rate applied to the short leg) agreed at the time of the contract (the long leg).","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0062","name":"forward contract","description":"Contract between two parties for the delayed delivery of financial instruments or commodities in which the buyer agrees to purchase and the seller agrees to deliver, on an agreed future date, a specified instrument or commodity at an agreed price or yield. Forward contracts are generally not traded on organised exchanges, and their contractual terms are not standardised.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0063","name":"forward rate agreement (FRA)","description":"Interest rate forward contract in which the rate to be paid or received on a specific obligation for a set period of time, beginning at some time in the future, is determined at contract initiation.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0065","name":"gross credit exposure","description":"Gross market value minus amounts netted with the same counterparty across all risk categories under legally enforceable bilateral netting agreements. Gross credit exposure provides a measure of exposure to counterparty credit risk (before collateral).","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0066","name":"gross issuance","description":"Face value of securities issued during a specified period.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0067","name":"gross market value","description":"Sum of the absolute values of all outstanding derivatives contracts with either positive or negative replacement values evaluated at market prices prevailing on the reporting date. Thus, the gross positive market value of a dealer’s outstanding contracts is the sum of the replacement values of all contracts that are in a current gain position to the reporter at current market prices (and therefore, if they were settled immediately, would represent claims on counterparties). The gross negative market value is the sum of the values of all contracts that have a negative value on the reporting date (ie those that are in a current loss position and therefore, if they were settled immediately, would represent liabilities of the dealer to its counterparties). The term “gross” indicates that contracts with positive and negative replacement values with the same counterparty are not netted. Nor are the sums of positive and negative contract values within a market risk category such as foreign exchange contracts, interest rate contracts, equities and commodities set off against one another. Gross market values supply information about the potential scale of market risk in derivatives transactions and of the associated financial risk transfer taking place. Furthermore, gross market value provides a measure of economic significance that is readily comparable across markets and products.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0068","name":"guarantees extended","description":"Contingent liabilities that arise from an irrevocable obligation to pay a third-party beneficiary when a client fails to perform certain contractual obligations. Guarantees extended include the notional value of credit protection sold.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0069","name":"head office","description":"Entity that exercises managerial control over its affiliates. See also “controlling parent”.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0070","name":"hedge fund","description":"Unregulated investment fund and various types of money managers, including commodity trading advisers (CTAs), which share (a combination of) the following characteristics: they often follow a relatively broad range of investment strategies that are not subject to borrowing and leverage restrictions, with many of them using high levels of leverage; they often have a different regulatory mandate than “institutional investors” and typically cater to sophisticated investors such as high net worth individuals or institutions; and they often hold long and short positions in various markets, asset classes and instruments, with frequent use of derivatives for speculative purposes.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0072","name":"high-frequency trading (HFT)","description":"An algorithmic trading strategy that profits from incremental price movements, with frequent, small trades executed in milliseconds for very short investment horizons. HFT is a subset of algorithmic trading. See also “algorithmic trading”.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0074","name":"home country","description":"See “parent country”.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0075","name":"host country","description":"Country where the foreign affiliate of a banking group is located.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0076","name":"household","description":"Group of persons who share the same living accommodation, who pool some or all of their income and wealth, and who consume certain types of goods and services collectively, mainly housing and food. In the LBS and CBS, the household sector refers collectively to households and non-profit institutions serving households.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0077","name":"immediate counterparty basis","description":"Methodology whereby positions are allocated to the primary party to a contract. In the CBS, claims on an immediate counterparty basis are allocated to the country and sector of the entity to which the funds were lent.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0078","name":"immediate issuer","description":"See “immediate counterparty basis”.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0079","name":"index product","description":"Multi-name CDS contract with constituent reference credits and a fixed coupon that are determined by an administrator such as Markit (which administers the CDX and iTraxx indices). Index products include tranches of CDS indices.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0080","name":"institutional investor","description":"“Real money” investor such as a mutual fund, pension fund, insurance and reinsurance company, and endowment.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0088","name":"inter-office","description":"See “intragroup”.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0081","name":"interbank","description":"Business between banks. In the LBS, “interbank” typically refers to business between banking offices and thus includes inter-office business.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0082","name":"interest rate option","description":"Contract that gives the buyer the right (but not the obligation) to pay or receive an agreed interest rate on a predetermined principal at or by a specified date.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0083","name":"interest rate swap","description":"Contract to exchange periodic payments related to interest rates on a single currency; can be fixed for floating, or floating for floating based on different indices. This group includes those swaps whose notional principal is amortised according to a fixed schedule independent of interest rates.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0084","name":"international banking facility (IBF)","description":"Banking office in the United States that engages primarily in cross-border banking business and is exempted from many of the rules and regulations that apply to banking offices engaged in local business. Similar entities exist in other countries. IBFs and similar entities are considered residents of the country in which they are located.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0085","name":"international claim","description":"Claim on a non-resident or denominated in a foreign currency. International claims comprise cross-border claims in any currency plus local claims of foreign affiliates denominated in non-local currencies.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0086","name":"international debt security (IDS)","description":"Debt security issued in a market other than the local market of the country where the borrower resides, ie issued in any market by a non-resident. IDS comprise what are conventionally known as eurobonds and foreign bonds. In the IDS statistics, debt securities are classified as international if at least one of the following characteristics differs from the country where the borrower resides: registration domain (ISIN), listing place or governing law.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0087","name":"international organisation","description":"Entity whose members are either national states or other international organisations whose members are national states, and which is established by formal political agreements between its members that have the status of international treaties.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0089","name":"intragroup","description":"Business between affiliates of the same corporate group. See also “own office”.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0094","name":"loans and deposits","description":"Non-negotiable debt instruments that are created when a creditor lends funds directly to a debtor. In the LBS, no distinction is made between loans and deposits; they are treated as economically equivalent. Loans and deposits include the cash leg of securities repurchase agreements, working capital and inter-office business.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0095","name":"local currency","description":"Currency of the country where the borrower or issuer resides.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0096","name":"local position","description":"Claim on or liability to a counterparty located in the same country as the banking office that books the position. Opposite of a “cross-border position”.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0097","name":"locational banking statistics (LBS )","description":"A BIS-organised data collection that details the currency and geographical composition of banks’ balance sheets. They capture outstanding claims and liabilities of banking offices located in BIS reporting countries, including intragroup positions. Central banks or other national authorities collect data from internationally active banks located in their jurisdiction, compile national aggregates and then report these to the BIS to calculate global aggregates. See also “LBS by nationality” and “LBS by residence”.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0099","name":"master netting agreement","description":"An agreement that permits netting of amounts owed under transactions governed by different agreements, often including one or more ISDA Master Agreements. Master netting agreements take different forms and may permit netting of payments to be made under a variety of master or other trading agreements between the same parties and often between their affiliates that may have master or other trading agreements in place between one another.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0100","name":"monetary financial institutions","description":"Sectoral classification that refers collectively to banks, central banks and money market funds.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0101","name":"multi-name CDS","description":"CDS contract that references more than one name – for example, portfolio or basket CDS, or CDS index.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0102","name":"nationality","description":"Refers to the country where the controlling parent is located.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0103","name":"negotiable instrument","description":"Instrument whose legal ownership is readily capable of being transferred from one owner to another by delivery or endorsement. A negotiable instrument is designed to be traded on an organised exchange or over the counter, although evidence of actual trading is not required for an instrument to be considered negotiable. See also “debt security”.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0104","name":"net issuance","description":"Gross issuance during a specified period minus redemptions during the same period. Net issuance may differ from changes in amounts outstanding during the period because the latter may be impacted by changes in market value, foreign exchange movements, debt restructurings and other adjustments.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0105","name":"net market value","description":"Similar to gross credit exposure, with the difference that netting is restricted to one type of derivative product instead of across all products. In the OTC derivatives statistics, net market values are reported for CDS only.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0106","name":"net risk transfer","description":"Inward minus outward risk transfers.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0107","name":"netting agreement","description":"See “master netting agreement”.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0108","name":"nominal effective exchange rate (NEER)","description":"Weighted average of bilateral exchange rates. BIS-calculated NEERs are geometric trade-weighted averages of bilateral exchange rates. An increase in the index indicates an appreciation. See also “effective exchange rate (EER)” and “real effective exchange rate (REER)”.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0109","name":"nominal value","description":"Outstanding amount the debtor owes to the creditor, which is composed of the outstanding principal amount including any accrued interest.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0110","name":"non-bank","description":"Entity that is not a bank. Sectoral classification that refers collectively to non-bank financial corporations and the non-financial sector.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0111","name":"non-bank financial corporation","description":"Financial institution, other than a bank, engaged primarily in the provision of financial services and activities auxiliary to financial intermediation, such as fund management. Non-bank financial corporations include the following entities: special purpose vehicles, hedge funds, securities brokers, money market funds, pension funds, insurance companies, financial leasing corporations, CCPs, unit trusts, other financial auxiliaries and other captive financial institutions. They also include any public financial institutions such as development banks and export credit agencies.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0112","name":"non-bank financial institution","description":"See “non-bank financial corporation”.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0113","name":"non-bank private sector","description":"Sectoral classification used in CBS that refers collectively to non-bank financial corporations, non-financial corporations and households, ie the non-bank sector excluding general government.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0114","name":"non-financial corporation","description":"Entity whose principal activity is the production of market goods or non-financial services. Non-financial corporations include the following entities: legally constituted corporations, branches of non-resident enterprises, quasi-corporations, notional resident units owning land, and resident non-profit institutions that are market producers of goods or non-financial services.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0115","name":"non-financial customer","description":"See “non-financial sector”.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0116","name":"non-financial private sector","description":"Sectoral classification that refers collectively to non-financial corporations and households, ie the non-financial sector excluding general government.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0117","name":"non-financial sector","description":"Sectoral classification that refers collectively to non-financial corporations, general government and households.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0118","name":"non-local currency","description":"Foreign currency. Opposite of local currency.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0119","name":"non-profit institution serving households (NPISH)","description":"Entity engaged mainly in providing goods and services to households or the community at large free of charge or at prices that are not economically significant. See also “household”.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0120","name":"non-reporting bank","description":"See “banks and securities firms”.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0121","name":"notional amount outstanding","description":"Gross nominal or notional value of all derivatives contracts concluded and not yet settled on the reporting date.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0122","name":"novation","description":"Process in which a bilateral derivatives contract between two market participants is replaced by two bilateral contracts between each of the market participants and a CCP.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0123","name":"official financial institutions","description":"Sectoral classification that refers collectively to central banks, sovereign wealth funds, international organisations, development banks and other public financial agencies.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0124","name":"official monetary authority","description":"See “central bank”.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0125","name":"official sector","description":"Sectoral classification used in the CBS that refers collectively to general government, central banks and international organisations.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0126","name":"open interest","description":"Total amount of exchange-traded contracts that have been entered into on a given day and not yet settled","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0127","name":"original maturity","description":"Period from issue until the final contractually scheduled payment.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0128","name":"outright forward","description":"See “forward contract”.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0129","name":"own office","description":"Entity owned or otherwise controlled by a banking group, including head office, branch office or subsidiary.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0130","name":"parent bank","description":"See “controlling parent”.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0131","name":"parent country","description":"Country where the controlling parent is located. Also referred to as the “home country”.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0132","name":"policy rate","description":"The interest rate which best captures the monetary authorities’ policy intentions.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0133","name":"position","description":"Asset or liability.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0134","name":"private non-financial sector","description":"See “non-financial private sector”.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0135","name":"proprietary trading","description":"When a financial institution trades for direct gain instead of commission. Essentially, the institution has decided to profit from the market rather than from commissions from processing trades.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0136","name":"proprietary trading firm (PTF)","description":"Entity that engages mainly in proprietary trading. PTFs include high-frequency trading firms.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0137","name":"real effective exchange rate (REER)","description":"NEER adjusted by some measure of relative prices or costs; changes in the REER thus take into account both nominal exchange rate developments and the inflation differential vis-à-vis trade partners. BIS-calculated REERs are adjusted by relative consumer prices. An increase in the index indicates an appreciation. See also “effective exchange rate (EER)” and “nominal effective exchange rate (NEER)”.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0138","name":"redemption","description":"Return of an investor’s principal. Usually occurs at maturity date, but can also occur during the lifetime of a bond (eg partial or early redemption).","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0139","name":"remaining maturity","description":"Period from the reference date until the final contractually scheduled payment.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0140","name":"reporting bank","description":"Financial institution that participates in the compilation of the LBS or CBS. See also “BIS reporting institution”.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0141","name":"reporting country","description":"See “BIS reporting country”.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0142","name":"reporting dealer","description":"Financial institution that participates in the compilation of the OTC derivatives statistics or the Triennial Central Bank Survey. See also “BIS reporting institution”.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0143","name":"repurchase agreement (repo)","description":"Financial instrument involving the sale of (financial) assets at a specified price with a commitment to repurchase the same or similar assets at a fixed price on a specified future date (usually at short term) or on a date subject to the discretion of the purchaser.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0144","name":"residence","description":"Country with which an entity has the strongest connection, expressed as the location from which it engages in economic activities and transactions on a significant scale. Each entity is a resident of one and only one country.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0145","name":"residential property price index (RPPI)","description":"Index that measures the evolution of residential property prices over time. The real RPPI is deflated by consumer prices.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0146","name":"retail-driven transactions","description":"Transactions with financial institutions that cater to retail investors – for example, electronic retail trading platforms and retail margin brokerage firms. Retail-driven transactions also include reporting dealers’ direct transactions with “non-wholesale” investors (ie private individuals) executed online or by other means (eg phone).","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0147","name":"risk transfer","description":"Technique for transferring credit risk from the immediate counterparty to an ultimate counterparty. Outward risk transfers reallocate claims out of the country of the immediate counterparty. Inward risk transfers reallocate claims into the country of the ultimate counterparty.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0149","name":"single-name CDS","description":"Credit derivative where the reference entity is a single name.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0150","name":"special purpose entity (SPE)","description":"Entity established for the sole purpose of carrying out a single transaction, such as in the context of asset securitisation through the issuance of asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities. Also referred to as a special purpose corporation (SPC) or special purpose vehicle (SPV).","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0151","name":"spot transaction","description":"Outright transaction involving the exchange of two currencies at a rate agreed on the date of the contract for value or delivery (cash settlement) in two business days or less.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0152","name":"stock","description":"See “amount outstanding”.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0153","name":"subsidiary","description":"A separately incorporated entity in which another entity has a majority or full participation.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0154","name":"swap","description":"Financial derivative in which two parties agree to exchange payment streams based on a specified notional amount for a specified period.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0155","name":"total assets","description":"Sum of financial assets and non-financial assets.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0157","name":"trustee business","description":"Funds received or invested on a trust basis in a bank’s own name but on behalf of a third party.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0158","name":"ultimate issuer","description":"See “controlling parent”.","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0159","name":"ultimate risk basis","description":"Methodology whereby positions are allocated to a third party that has contracted to assume the debts or obligations of the primary party if that party fails to perform. In the CBS, claims on an ultimate risk basis are allocated to the country and sector of the entity that guarantees the claims (or, in the case of claims on branches, the country of the parent bank).","type":"glossary","references":null},{"id":"0160","name":"vis-à-vis country","description":"See “counterparty country”.","type":"glossary","references":null}]}},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/help/[[...view]]","query":{},"buildId":"jNjJ5GzzWFysabinj_tNv","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"gssp":true,"locale":"en","locales":["en"],"defaultLocale":"en","scriptLoader":[]}</script></body></html>