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href="/wiki/Sinhalese_people" title="Sinhalese people">Sinhalese</a> writer and art critic, best known for <i>On the Truth of Decorative Art</i> (1912). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life">Life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lionel_de_Fonseka&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lionel de Fonseka was educated at <a href="/wiki/Royal_College,_Colombo" title="Royal College, Colombo">Royal College, Colombo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxford University">Oxford University</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Ceylon_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ceylon-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MCreg_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MCreg-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where he knew <a href="/wiki/Alain_Locke" class="mw-redirect" title="Alain Locke">Alain Locke</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>De la Verité dans l'art</i> - subsequently translated into English as <i>On the Truth of Decorative Art</i> (1912) - argued against the corruption of Sinhalese art by Western influence: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Sinhalese art has hitherto been strictly decorative; and as a Sinhalese I view with regret the modern tendency in Ceylon, under Western influences, to abandon our traditions in art and in life. It seems to me that Eastern peoples need to realize at the least that art, education, civilization, admit of a plural; also that what is fortuitously predominant is not necessarily intrinsically excellent. It is regrettable that the rise of Western commerce should involve the decline of Eastern art; but though regrettable, it is not inevitable.</p></blockquote> <p>In his text, Fonseka argued for the inherent superiority of 'Eastern' over 'Western' art, owing to its use of symbolic form as a reflection of a larger civilisation rather than an individual artist.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to his nephew, de Fonseka wrote the book "primarily to satisfy his father, that he was using his time to good purpose".<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the book is said to have influenced <a href="/wiki/Ananda_Coomaraswamy" title="Ananda Coomaraswamy">Ananda Coomaraswamy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Gill" title="Eric Gill">Eric Gill</a> and <a href="/wiki/Romain_Rolland" title="Romain Rolland">Romain Rolland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Gunawardena2005_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gunawardena2005-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 1913 Fonseka, <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Ransome" title="Arthur Ransome">Arthur Ransome</a>, Coomaraswamy, <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Ludovici" title="Anthony Ludovici">Anthony Ludovici</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lascelles_Abercrombie" title="Lascelles Abercrombie">Lascelles Abercrombie</a> entered into controversy in the <i><a href="/wiki/Academy_(magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Academy (magazine)">Academy</a></i> over who had priority in using the phrase "Art for life's sake".<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> De Fonseka entered into fashionable London life, attending a King's Levée at <a href="/wiki/Buckingham_Palace" title="Buckingham Palace">Buckingham Palace</a> on 3 June 1913.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>De Fonseka subsequently lived and worked in <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> and <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a> for over a decade. He donated a gold chalice to <a href="/wiki/Bruges_Cathedral" class="mw-redirect" title="Bruges Cathedral">Bruges Cathedral</a>. After a pilgrimage to <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1tima,_Portugal" title="Fátima, Portugal">Fátima, Portugal</a>, he wrote an account of the <a href="/wiki/Marian_apparitions" class="mw-redirect" title="Marian apparitions">Marian apparitions</a> believed to have taken place at <a href="/wiki/Cova_da_Iria" title="Cova da Iria">Cova da Iria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Working as a barrister in Ceylon,<sup id="cite_ref-Ceylon_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ceylon-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fonseka was a contributor to the <i><a href="/wiki/Daily_News_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Daily News (Sri Lanka)">Daily News</a></i> there,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as writing a weekly column for the <i>Ceylon Catholic Messenger</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lionel_de_Fonseka&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>De la verité dans l'art</i>, Paris, 1912. Translated as <i>On the Truth of Decorative Art: A Dialogue between an Oriental and an Occidental</i>, London: Greening, 1912.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Published with an introduction by Ananda Coomaraswamy in 1913.</li> <li>'China Sunday!', <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Age" title="The New Age">The New Age</a></i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dl.lib.brown.edu/pdfs/1140814199906070.pdf">vol. 13, no. 1</a> (1 May 1913), p. 9.</li> <li>'Futurism in Food', <i>The New Age</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dl.lib.brown.edu/pdfs/1140814207532014.pdf">vol. 13. no. 6</a> (5 June 1913), pp. 148–149.</li> <li>'The White Dancer', <i>The New Age</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dl.lib.brown.edu/pdfs/1140814246382174.pdf">vol. 14. no. 3</a> (20 November 1913), pp. 76–78.</li> <li>'A Thinking Man', <i>The New Age</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dl.lib.brown.edu/pdfs/1140814260105227.pdf">vol. 14. no. 8</a> (25 December 1913), pp. 238–9.</li> <li>'War and the Aesthete', <i>The New Age</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dl.lib.brown.edu/pdfs/1140814344294309.pdf">vol. 16, no. 9</a> (31 December 1914), pp. 216–17.</li> <li>'The Karave Flag', <i>Ceylon Antiquary and Literary Register</i>, Vol. Ill, Part I (July, 1921), pp. 1–11.</li> <li><i>Les eaux de lumière: dialogue entre un Oriental et un Occidental</i> (The waters of life: dialogue between an oriental and an occidental), Monaco: Éditions de Fontvieille, 1953.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lionel_de_Fonseka&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Ceylon-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ceylon_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ceylon_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ceylon_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Ceylon, its history, people, commerce, industries and resources</i>, 1924, p.28.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MCreg-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MCreg_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFLevens1964" class="citation book cs1">Levens, R.G.C., ed. (1964). <i>Merton College Register 1900–1964</i>. Oxford: Basil Blackwell. p. 57.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Merton+College+Register+1900%E2%80%931964&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=57&rft.pub=Basil+Blackwell&rft.date=1964&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALionel+de+Fonseka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jeffrey Green, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jeffreygreen.co.uk/alain-locke-black-rhodes-scholar-at-oxford-1907-1910">Alain Locke, black Rhodes Scholar at Oxford 1907-1910</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCohen2019" class="citation journal cs1">Cohen, Joshua I. (2019). "Harlem and Abroad: Notes to an International 'Renaissance'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>". <i>Wasafiri</i>. <b>34</b> (3): 43. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F02690055.2019.1613012">10.1080/02690055.2019.1613012</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:202363248">202363248</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wasafiri&rft.atitle=Harlem+and+Abroad%3A+Notes+to+an+International+%27Renaissance%27&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=43&rft.date=2019&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F02690055.2019.1613012&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A202363248%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.aufirst=Joshua+I.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALionel+de+Fonseka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110820111750/http://www.defonseka.com/pe0016.htm">"De la Verité dans l'Art"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.defonseka.com/pe0016.htm">the original</a> on 2011-08-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-01-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=De+la+Verit%C3%A9+dans+l%27Art&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.defonseka.com%2Fpe0016.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALionel+de+Fonseka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gunawardena2005-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gunawardena2005_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCharles_A._Gunawardena2005" class="citation book cs1">Charles A. Gunawardena (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hWLQSMPddikC&pg=PA104"><i>Encyclopedia Of Sri Lanka</i></a>. Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd. p. 104. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-932705-48-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-932705-48-5"><bdi>978-1-932705-48-5</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 January</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+Of+Sri+Lanka&rft.pages=104&rft.pub=Sterling+Publishers+Pvt.+Ltd&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-1-932705-48-5&rft.au=Charles+A.+Gunawardena&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhWLQSMPddikC%26pg%3DPA104&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALionel+de+Fonseka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Art for Life's Sake", <i><a href="/wiki/The_Manchester_Guardian" class="mw-redirect" title="The Manchester Guardian">The Manchester Guardian</a></i>, 26 April 1913.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">'The King's Levée', <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a></i>, 3 June 1913</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110824025142/http://www.defonseka.com/pe0012.htm">"Les eaux de lumière"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.defonseka.com/pe0012.htm">the original</a> on 2011-08-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-01-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Les+eaux+de+lumi%C3%A8re&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.defonseka.com%2Fpe0012.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALionel+de+Fonseka" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">'Well-known contributors of the past', <i><a href="/wiki/Daily_News_(Sri_Lanka)" title="Daily News (Sri Lanka)">Daily News</a></i>, 12 March 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Reviewed by <a href="/wiki/John_Middleton_Murry" title="John Middleton Murry">John Middleton Murry</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Rhythm_(literary_magazine)" title="Rhythm (literary magazine)">Rhythm</a></i>, No. IX (1912), pp.233-4.</span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lionel_de_Fonseka&oldid=1155442047">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lionel_de_Fonseka&oldid=1155442047</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sinhalese_writers" title="Category:Sinhalese writers">Sinhalese writers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1889_births" title="Category:1889 births">1889 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sri_Lankan_Roman_Catholics" title="Category:Sri Lankan Roman Catholics">Sri Lankan Roman Catholics</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Art_critics" title="Category:Art critics">Art critics</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Alumni_of_Merton_College,_Oxford" title="Category:Alumni of Merton College, Oxford">Alumni of Merton College, Oxford</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden category: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Year_of_death_missing" title="Category:Year of death missing">Year of death missing</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 18 May 2023, at 04:59<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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