Journal of Pediatric Neuropsychology

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" prefix="og:http://ogp.me/ns# fb:http://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/"> <head><script src="/ter-treafter-not-it-the-Flourthe-Cere-and-that-S" async></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.dataLayer.push({ "contentMonth": "07", "contentDay": "16", "contentYear": "2024", "contentType": "Journal", "topics": ["Children","Learning and memory"] }); </script>  <script> (function(w,d,s,l,i){ w[l]=w[l]||[]; w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'}); var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:''; j.async=true; j.src='//www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl; f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); }) (window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-WH9FTL'); </script>   <script async src="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js"></script> <script> window.googletag = window.googletag || { cmd: [] }; </script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/jpn" tabindex="-1"> <meta name="keywords" content="Children, Neuropsychology, Learning and Memory" /> <meta name="description" content="This journal publishes original peer-reviewed research focused on the needs of children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental or neurocognitive disorders." /> <meta property="og:description" content="This journal publishes original peer-reviewed research focused on the needs of children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental or neurocognitive disorders." /> <meta itemprop="description" content="This journal publishes original peer-reviewed research focused on the needs of children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental or neurocognitive disorders." /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="This journal publishes original peer-reviewed research focused on the needs of children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental or neurocognitive disorders."> <meta property="og:title" content="Journal of Pediatric Neuropsychology" /> <meta itemprop="name" content="Journal of Pediatric Neuropsychology" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Journal of Pediatric Neuropsychology"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.apa.org/images/jpn-social_tcm7-329989.jpg" /> <meta itemprop="image" content="https://www.apa.org/images/jpn-social_tcm7-329989.jpg" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://www.apa.org/images/jpn-social_tcm7-329989.jpg"> <meta property="og:site_name" content="https://www.apa.org" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/jpn" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@APA"> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="255440604529709" /> <title>Journal of Pediatric Neuropsychology</title> <meta charset="UTF-8" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="/Content/Images/launcher-apa-144.png" tabindex="-1"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="/Content/Images/launcher-apa-114.png" tabindex="-1"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/Content/Images/launcher-apa-57.png" tabindex="-1"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/Content/Images/favicon-apa.ico" type="image/x-icon" tabindex="-1"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jqueryui/1.12.1/themes/smoothness/jquery-ui.css" tabindex="-1"> <link id="globalCss" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/css/dist/apa.min.css?v=25.2" tabindex="-1"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/css/dist/pubs.min.css?v=25.2" tabindex="-1"> <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.5.1/jquery.min.js"></script> <script>window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="/js/vendor/jquery.js"><\/script>')</script> <script src="https://dl-client.apa.org/content.min.js" defer></script> </head> <body class="">  <noscript><iframe src="//www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-WH9FTL" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;" aria-hidden="true" title="Google Analytics"></iframe></noscript>  <div id="skiptocontent"><a href="#maincontent" class="skip-main">skip to main content</a></div> <div id="nav-promo" data-ai-region data-ai-area="site-alert"> <div class="container"> <div class="d-flex site-alert informational"> <i class="fas fa-circle-info"></i> <div class="alert-content"> <p><a href="https://updates.apaservices.org/">Response Center</a>: Stay informed about APA/APASI’s response to recent federal policy changes affecting psychology</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <header role="banner" class="header"> <div class="top-hat d-flex" data-ai-region data-ai-area="tophat"> <div class="top-hat-aligner d-flex align-items-center justify-content-between"> <div class="apa-sites d-md-none"> <nav class="sites-nav"> <ul class="apa-sites-list d-flex align-items-center"> <li> <a href="https://www.apa.org" class="apa.org">APA.org</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://apastyle.apa.org" class="apa-style">APA Style</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.apaservices.org" class="apa-services">APA Services</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.apadivisions.org" class="divisions">Divisions</a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="left-nav d-flex align-items-center"> <nav class="insider-nav"> <ul class="d-flex align-items-center"> <li class="d-md-none"> <a href="https://www.apa.org/about" class="about-apa">About APA</a> </li> <li class="d-md-none"> <a href="https://www.apa.org/events" class="events">Events</a> </li> <li class="d-md-none"> <a href="https://www.apa.org/members" class="membership">Membership</a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="https://www.apa.org/members/your-membership/join" class="join-apa">Join APA</a> </li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="utility-nav"> <ul class="d-flex align-items-center"> <li class="d-md-none"> <a href="https://www.apa.org/support" target="_parent">Help</a> </li> <li id="HeaderMyApaLink" style="display:none;"><a href="https://my.apa.org/portal/home" rel='nofollow' target="_parent">MyAPA</a></li> <li id="HeaderLogoutLink" style="display:none;"> (<a href="https://www.apa.org/idem/Logout?redirect=http://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/jpn" rel='nofollow' target="_parent">Log Out</a>) </li> <li id="HeaderLoginLink"> <a href="https://sso.apa.org/apasso/idm/apalogin?ERIGHTS_TARGET=http://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/jpn" rel='nofollow' target="_parent">Log In</a> </li> <li id="HeaderCart"> <a href="https://my.apa.org/shop/shoppingCart" rel='nofollow' target="_parent"> <svg role="presentation" class="svg-inline--fa fa-cart-shopping" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="cart-shopping" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 576 512" data-fa-i2svg=""><path fill="currentColor" d="M0 24C0 10.7 10.7 0 24 0H69.5c22 0 41.5 12.8 50.6 32h411c26.3 0 45.5 25 38.6 50.4l-41 152.3c-8.5 31.4-37 53.3-69.5 53.3H170.7l5.4 28.5c2.2 11.3 12.1 19.5 23.6 19.5H488c13.3 0 24 10.7 24 24s-10.7 24-24 24H199.7c-34.6 0-64.3-24.6-70.7-58.5L77.4 54.5c-.7-3.8-4-6.5-7.9-6.5H24C10.7 48 0 37.3 0 24zM128 464a48 48 0 1 1 96 0 48 48 0 1 1 -96 0zm336-48a48 48 0 1 1 0 96 48 48 0 1 1 0-96z"></path></svg> Cart <span id="CartQuantity"></span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <section class="banner"> <div class="container"> <div class="headLogo" id="headLogo"> <a href = '/'><img class='large' src='/Content/Images/logo.png' alt='American Psychological Association Logo'><img class='small' src='/Content/Images/logo_small.png' alt='American Psychological Association Logo'></a> </div> <div class="headButton"> <button type="button" title="Search" class="btn-toggle btn-toggle-search" onclick="javascript:toggleMenu('search');"> <i title="Search" class="fas fa-magnifying-glass"></i> </button> <button type="button" title="Menu" class="btn-toggle btn-toggle-menu"> <i title="Menu" class="fas fa-bars"></i> <i title="Close Menu" class="fas fa-xmark"></i> </button> </div> <section class="search"> <form role="search" id="search" onsubmit="search();return false;" target="_parent"> <fieldset class="inputsearch"> <div class="searchselect"> <select id="in" title="Select search scope"> <option data-typeahead="true" value="https://www.apa.org/search?">Entire Site</option> <option value="/pubs/search?" >Publications</option> </select> </div> <div class="searchbox"> <input title="Type search term" class="box" id="query" name="query" type="text" value="" placeholder="SEARCH" autocomplete="off" /> <svg class="svg-inline--fa fa-magnifying-glass" onclick="search();return false;" aria-labelledby="svg-inline--fa-title-aiauCfJROpLC" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="magnifying-glass" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512" data-fa-i2svg=""><title id="svg-inline--fa-title-aiauCfJROpLC">Search</title><path fill="currentColor" d="M416 208c0 45.9-14.9 88.3-40 122.7L502.6 457.4c12.5 12.5 12.5 32.8 0 45.3s-32.8 12.5-45.3 0L330.7 376c-34.4 25.2-76.8 40-122.7 40C93.1 416 0 322.9 0 208S93.1 0 208 0S416 93.1 416 208zM208 352a144 144 0 1 0 0-288 144 144 0 1 0 0 288z"></path></svg> </div> </fieldset> </form> </section> </div> </section> </header> <div class="megamenu"> <nav class="megamenu-nav"> <ul role="menubar" class="megamenu-list"> <li role="menuitem" class="megamenu-mobile-back"> <a href="#"> <i class="fas fa-chevron-left"></i> <span>Menu</span> </a> </li> <li role="menuitem" class="megamenu-dropdown"> <a href="#" class="megamenu-tigger" data-toggle="320764" aria-label="toggle the Topics sub-menu">Topics</a> <div id="320764" class="megamenu-dropdown-menu"> <div class="container"> <div class="megamenu-header"> <h2>Topics in Psychology</h2> <p>Explore how scientific research by psychologists can inform our professional lives, family and community relationships, emotional wellness, and more.</p> </div> <div class="megamenu-grid fifty-fifty last-hidden"> <div class="megamenu-col"> <div class="megamenu-blocks" style="--megamenu-blocks-cols: repeat(1, 1fr)"> <div class="megamenu-block"> <h3>Popular topics</h3> <ul class="megamenu-block-links" style="--megamenu-block-links-cols: 3"> <li> <a href="/topics/adhd" target="_self">ADHD</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/anger" target="_self">Anger</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/anxiety" target="_self">Anxiety</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/artificial-intelligence-machine-learning" target="_self">Artificial intelligence</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/children" target="_self">Children</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/climate-change" target="_self">Climate change</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/mental-health" target="_self">Mental health</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/journalism-facts/misinformation-disinformation" target="_self">Misinformation and disinformation</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/personality" target="_self">Personality</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/politics" target="_self">Politics</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/population-health" target="_self">Population health</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/ptsd" target="_self">PTSD</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/racism-bias-discrimination" target="_self">Racism, bias, and discrimination</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/lgbtq" target="_self">Sexual orientation and gender diversity</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/social-media-internet" target="_self">Social media</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/stress" target="_self">Stress</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/teens" target="_self">Teens</a> </li> <li> <a href="/topics/trauma" target="_self">Trauma</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="megamenu-col widget"> <section class="featureRichItem"> <section class="linkWidget link square"> <h3>Highlights</h3> <div class="widgetWrapper standardWidget onePerRow default "> <div class="module first"> <a class="module-link" href="/monitor/2025/01/top-10-trends-to-watch" target="_self" > <figure class="left"> <img src="/images/2025-01-2025-index_tcm7-334779_w160_n.jpg" alt="Top 10 trends to watch in 2025"> </figure> <div class="body"> <div class="eyebrow">Monitor on Psychology</div> <p class="title">Top 10 trends to watch</p> <div class="wysiwyg lengthy"><p>Notable changes and developments are poised to influence the field of psychology in profound ways</p></div> </div> </a> </div> <div class="module last"> <a class="module-link" href="/pubs/reports/practitioner/2024" target="_self" > <figure class="left"> <img src="/images/practitioner-survey-2024-index_tcm7-334124_w160_n.jpg" alt="collage of therapists and patients in various clinical settings"> </figure> <div class="body"> <div class="eyebrow">Practice</div> <p class="title">Barriers to care in a changing practice environment</p> <div class="wysiwyg lengthy"><p>Psychologists face challenges with capacity, insurance, and the future of mental health care</p></div> </div> </a> </div> </div> </section> </section> </div> </div> <div class="megamenu-formatted-link"> <div class="rich-formatted-content"> <div class="rich-content"> <a title="Topics landing page config" href="/topics">All Topics<i class="fas fa-chevron-right" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li role="menuitem" class="megamenu-dropdown"> <a href="#" class="megamenu-tigger" data-toggle="320771" aria-label="toggle the Publications & Databases sub-menu">Publications & Databases</a> <div id="320771" class="megamenu-dropdown-menu"> <div class="container"> <div class="megamenu-header"> <h2>Publications and Databases</h2> <p>APA Publishing products and resources that support research, education, practice and general wellbeing.</p> </div> <div class="megamenu-grid thirds"> <div class="megamenu-col"> <div class="megamenu-blocks" style="--megamenu-blocks-cols: repeat(1, 1fr)"> <div class="megamenu-block"> <h3>Publication & Databases</h3> <ul class="megamenu-block-links" style="--megamenu-block-links-cols: 2"> <li> <a href="https://apastyle.apa.org/" target="_self">APA Style</a> </li> <li> <a href="/pubs/books" target="_self">Books</a> </li> <li> <a href="/pubs/magination" target="_self">Children’s Books</a> </li> <li> <a href="/pubs/databases" target="_self">Databases</a> </li> <li> <a href="/pubs/digital-learning" target="_self">Digital Learning</a> </li> <li> <a href="/pubs/journals" target="_self">Journals</a> </li> <li> <a href="/monitor" target="_self">Magazine</a> </li> <li> <a href="/pubs/videos" target="_self">Videos</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="megamenu-col borderd"> <div class="megamenu-block"> <h3>APA Publishing Resources</h3> <ul class="megamenu-block-links" style="--megamenu-block-links-cols: 1"> <li> <a href="/pubs/librarians" target="_self">Librarians</a> </li> <li> <a href="/pubs/authors" target="_self">Authors, Editors, and Reviewers</a> </li> <li> <a href="/pubs/educators-students" target="_self">Educators and Students</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://apps.apa.org/course-adoption" target = '_blank' rel='nofollow noopener noreferrer'>Exam Copies<i role="presentation" class="fas fa-up-right-from-square" aria-hidden="true" title="opens in new window"></i></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="megamenu-col widget"> <section class="listBoxModule searchWidget"> <h3>Search APA Databases</h3> <form role="search" id="srchWidget2001" target="_parent" onsubmit="widgetSearch('APA_searchtext2001', 'http://psycnet.apa.org/search/results?type=direct&db=pi,pb,pa,pe,pt,pbc&fields=AnyField&term={SearchValue}'); return false;"> <div class="wysiwyg searchWidgetHead"> Over 5.4 million journal articles, abstracts, books on APA PsycNet </div> <div> <div class="hideFrmL"> <section class="searchWidgetbox"> <input type="text" id="APA_searchtext2001" name="APA_searchtext2001" aria-label="Search" /> <button type="submit"> <i title="Search" class="fas fa-magnifying-glass"></i> </button> </section> </div> <div class="showFrmL"> <a href="https://psycnet.apa.org/search/advanced" class="btnOutlineSml"> Search APA Psycnet <i role="presentation" class="fas fa-up-right-from-square" aria-hidden="true" title="opens in new window"></i> </a> </div> <div class="wysiwyg searchWidgetFooter"> <div class="footnote"> <div class="footnote">Access fees may apply</div> </div> </div> </div> </form> </section> </div> </div> <div class="megamenu-formatted-link"> <div class="rich-formatted-content"> <div class="rich-content"> <a title="index-config-pubs" href="/pubs">All publications and databases<i class="fas fa-chevron-right" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li role="menuitem" class="megamenu-dropdown"> <a href="#" class="megamenu-tigger" data-toggle="320770" aria-label="toggle the Research & Practice sub-menu">Research & Practice</a> <div id="320770" class="megamenu-dropdown-menu"> <div class="container"> <div class="megamenu-header"> <h2>Research and Practice</h2> <p>Tools for psychologists to do their jobs every day. </p> </div> <div class="megamenu-grid thirds"> <div class="megamenu-col"> <div class="megamenu-blocks" style="--megamenu-blocks-cols: repeat(1, 1fr)"> <div class="megamenu-block"> <h3>Your growth</h3> <ul class="megamenu-block-links" style="--megamenu-block-links-cols: 2"> <li> <a href="/research-practice/conduct-research" target="_self">Conducting research</a> </li> <li> <a href="/research-practice/funding" target="_self">Grants and funding</a> </li> <li> <a href="/research-practice/leadership" target="_self">Leadership</a> </li> <li> <a href="/research-practice/mentorship" target="_self">Mentorship</a> </li> <li> <a href="/research-practice/open-science" target="_self">Open science</a> </li> <li> <a href="/research-practice/peer-review" target="_self">Peer review</a> </li> <li> <a href="/research-practice/practice-management" target="_self">Practice management</a> </li> <li> <a href="/research-practice/publish-present" target="_self">Publishing and presenting research</a> </li> <li> <a href="/research-practice/self-care" target="_self">Self-care</a> </li> <li> <a href="/research-practice/teaching-psychology" target="_self">Teaching psychology</a> </li> <li> <a href="/research-practice/telepsychology" target="_self">Telepsychology</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="megamenu-col borderd"> <div class="megamenu-block"> <h3>Standards and guidelines</h3> <ul class="megamenu-block-links" style="--megamenu-block-links-cols: 1"> <li> <a href="/ethics/code" target="_self">Ethics code</a> </li> <li> <a href="/research-practice/standards-guidelines" target="_self">Standards and guidelines</a> </li> <li> <a href="/about/policy" target="_self">APA policies</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="megamenu-col widget"> <section class="featureRichItem"> <section class="linkWidget link square"> <h3>For members</h3> <div class="widgetWrapper standardWidget onePerRow default "> <div class="module first"> <a class="module-link" href="/members/content/secure/artificial-intelligence" target="_self" > <figure class="left"> <img src="/images/index-ai-ebooklet_tcm7-334742_w160_n.jpg" alt="Abstract illustration of face profile"> </figure> <div class="body"> <div class="d-flex gap-10"> <div class="event-eyebrow mg-bottom-5"> <span class="memberExclusive upperCase fw-medium"> Member exclusive </span> </div> </div> <p class="title">Artificial intelligence: Redefining the future of psychology</p> </div> </a> </div> <div class="module last"> <a class="module-link" href="/members/content/addressing-addiction" target="_self" > <figure class="left"> <img src="/images/index-adam-leventhal_tcm7-333934_w160_n.jpg" alt="Adam Leventhal, PhD"> </figure> <div class="body"> <div class="eyebrow">Profile</div> <p class="title">Adam Leventhal uses policy-focused research to address addiction</p> </div> </a> </div> </div> </section> </section> </div> </div> <div class="megamenu-formatted-link"> <div class="rich-formatted-content"> <div class="rich-content"> <a title="research-practice-dxa-config" href="/research-practice">All research and practice<i class="fas fa-chevron-right" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li role="menuitem" class="megamenu-dropdown"> <a href="#" class="megamenu-tigger" data-toggle="320768" aria-label="toggle the Education & Career sub-menu">Education & Career</a> <div id="320768" class="megamenu-dropdown-menu"> <div class="container"> <div class="megamenu-header"> <h2>Education and Career</h2> <p>Resources for students, teachers and psychologists at all levels to explore career growth in psychology.</p> </div> <div class="megamenu-grid thirds last-hidden"> <div class="megamenu-col"> <div class="megamenu-blocks" style="--megamenu-blocks-cols: repeat(2, 1fr)"> <div class="megamenu-block"> <h3>Education</h3> <ul class="megamenu-block-links" style="--megamenu-block-links-cols: 1"> <li> <a href="/education-career/k12" target="_self">Pre-K to 12</a> </li> <li> <a href="/education-career/undergrad" target="_self">Undergraduate psychology</a> </li> <li> <a href="/education-career/grad/applying" target="_self">Apply to grad school</a> </li> <li> <a href="/education-career/grad/succeeding-graduate-school" target="_self">Succeed in grad school</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://accreditation.apa.org/" target = '_blank' rel='nofollow noopener noreferrer'>Accreditation<i role="presentation" class="fas fa-up-right-from-square" aria-hidden="true" title="opens in new window"></i></a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="megamenu-block"> <h3>Careers</h3> <ul class="megamenu-block-links" style="--megamenu-block-links-cols: 1"> <li> <a href="/education-career/guide" target="_self">Become a psychologist</a> </li> <li> <a href="/education-career/job-search" target="_self">Job search</a> </li> <li> <a href="/education-career/development/networking" target="_self">Networking</a> </li> <li> <a href="/education-career/development" target="_self">Manage your career</a> </li> <li> <a href="/education-career/ce" target="_self">Continuing education</a> </li> <li> <a href="/education-career/training" target="_self">Training and webinars</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="megamenu-col widget"> <section class="featureRichItem"> <section class="externalScriptContent" > <style type="text/css"> div.search_title { font-family: "Whitney", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-weight: 600; color: #000; font-size: 1.125em; line-height: 1.2em; } div.search_widget { border-style: none !important; border-width: 0px !important;; font-family: "Whitney", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 1em; color: #000000; text-align: left; padding: 20px 20px 6px 20px; border-radius: 0px; } div.narrow_fields { display: flex; flex-flow: row wrap; align-items: center; } div.search_widget form{ margin:0; } div.search_widget div.clearAll { clear: both; } div.search_widget input{ width: 250px; border-radius: 5px; padding: 5px 5px; border-width: 1px; border-color: #919294; margin: 3px 20px 3px 0; } div.search_widget div.field_container div.field_left { float: left; width: 30%; margin-right: 6px; } div.search_widget [type=submit] { font-size: 0.75rem; padding: 0.4rem 0.6rem; background: #003a70; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: 0.02rem; cursor: pointer; border: none; text-transform: uppercase; border-radius: 4px; margin: 0 0 5px; color: #fff; } div.search_widget [type=submit]:hover{ background: #000024; } div.search_widget [type=submit]:focus{ outline: 2px solid #003a70; outline-offset: 2px; background: #003a70; color: #fff; } div.search_widget span.smaller { font-size: 12px; display: block; margin-bottom: 10px; } div.search_widget span.legend { font-weight: 400; } </style> </style> <div class="search_title">Find a job on PsycCareers</div> <div class="search_widget hideFrmL"> <form action="https://www.psyccareers.com/" method="GET"> <input type="hidden" name="page" value="search" /> <input type="hidden" name="action" value="advanced_search" /> <div class="narrow_fields"> <div class="narrow_field"> <div><span class="legend">Job</span></div> <input type="text" name="keywords" /> <span class="smaller">e.g., Clinical Psychologist</span> </div> <div class="clearAll"></div> <div class="narrow_field"> <div><span class="legend">Locations</span></div> <input type="text" name="city_state_zip" /> <span class="smaller">e.g., Washington DC or 20002</span> </div> <div class="clearAll"></div> <div class="narrow_field"> <button type="submit">Find</button> </div> </div> <div class="clearAll"></div> </form> </div> <div class="showFrmL"> <a href="https://www.psyccareers.com/jobs" class="btnOutlineSml"> Search Jobs <i role="presentation" class="fas fa-up-right-from-square" aria-hidden="true" target="_blank" title="opens in new window"></i> </a> </div> </section></section> </div> <div class="megamenu-col widget"> <section class="featureRichItem"> <section class="linkWidget link square"> <h3>Training highlights</h3> <div class="widgetWrapper standardWidget onePerRow default "> <div class="module first"> <a class="module-link" href="/education-career/training/media-psychology-series" target="_self" > <figure class="left"> <img src="/images/index-careers-media-series_tcm7-333691_w160_n.jpg" alt=""> </figure> <div class="body"> <div class="eyebrow">Webinar Series</div> <p class="title">Careers in media psychology</p> </div> </a> </div> <div class="module last"> <a class="module-link" href="/education-career/training/science-training-sessions" target="_self" > <figure class="left"> <img src="/images/science-training-sessions-index_tcm7-308286_w160_n.jpg" alt="Science Training Sessions"> </figure> <div class="body"> <div class="eyebrow">Webinar Series</div> <p class="title">Science Training Sessions</p> </div> </a> </div> </div> </section> </section> </div> </div> <div class="megamenu-formatted-link"> <div class="rich-formatted-content"> <div class="rich-content"> <a title="Education and Career - index config" href="/education-career">All education and career<i class="fas fa-chevron-right" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li role="menuitem" class="megamenu-dropdown"> <a href="#" class="megamenu-tigger" data-toggle="320769" aria-label="toggle the News & Advocacy sub-menu">News & Advocacy</a> <div id="320769" class="megamenu-dropdown-menu"> <div class="container"> <div class="megamenu-header"> <h2>News and Advocacy</h2> <p>Browse the latest updates from APA, informed by psychological science.</p> </div> <div class="megamenu-grid thirds second-hidden"> <div class="megamenu-col"> <div class="megamenu-blocks" style="--megamenu-blocks-cols: repeat(1, 1fr)"> <div class="megamenu-block"> <h3>News</h3> <ul class="megamenu-block-links" style="--megamenu-block-links-cols: 1"> <li> <a href="/monitor" target="_self">Monitor on Psychology magazine</a> </li> <li> <a href="/news/podcasts/speaking-of-psychology" target="_self">Speaking of Psychology podcast</a> </li> <li> <a href="/news/press" target="_self">Press room</a> </li> <li> <a href="/news/psycport" target="_self">Psychology in the media</a> </li> <li> <a href="/news/newsletters" target="_self">Newsletters</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="megamenu-col widget"> <section class="featureRichItem"> <section class="linkWidget link square"> <h3>Highlights</h3> <div class="widgetWrapper standardWidget onePerRow default "> <div class="module first"> <a class="module-link" href="/news/press/releases/2025/02/satire-damaging-reputations" target="_self" > <figure class="left"> <img src="/images/index-press-satire-damaging-reputations_tcm7-335602_w160_n.jpg" alt="man watching video on his phone"> </figure> <div class="body"> <p class="title">Satire more damaging to reputations than direct criticism</p> </div> </a> </div> <div class="module last"> <a class="module-link" href="/news/press/releases/2025/01/optimism-boost-saving" target="_self" > <figure class="left"> <img src="/images/index-press-optimism-boost-saving_tcm7-335324_w160_n.jpg" alt="A graph featuring arrows trending upward"> </figure> <div class="body"> <p class="title">Optimism can boost saving, especially for lower-income individuals</p> </div> </a> </div> </div> </section> </section> </div> <div class="megamenu-col widget"> <section class="featureRichItem"> <section class="linkWidget tile square"> <h3>Advocacy</h3> <div class="widgetWrapper tileWidget onePerRow default "> <div class="module first last"> <a class="module-link" href="https://www.apaservices.org/advocacy" target="_self" > <div class="body"> <figure class="tile"> <img src="/images/tile-advocacy-national-institute-mental-health-group_tcm7-279430_w640_n.jpg" alt="Lady smiling"> </figure> <div class="desc"> <p class="title">You can make a difference</p> <div class="wysiwyg lengthy"><p>Learn about key issues impacting psychologists today</p></div> </div> </div> </a> </div> </div> </section> </section> </div> </div> <div class="megamenu-formatted-link"> <div class="rich-formatted-content"> <div class="rich-content"> <a title="news-index-config" href="/news">All News and advocacy<i class="fas fa-chevron-right" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li role="menuitem" class="showFrmL"> <a href="/about">About APA</a> </li> <li role="menuitem" class="showFrmL"> <a href="/events">Events</a> </li> <li role="menuitem" class="showFrmL"> <a href="/members">Membership</a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> <nav class="subBrandNav"> <menu> <li><a href="/pubs/books">Books</a></li> <li><a href="/pubs/magination">Children's Books</a></li> <li><a href="/pubs/databases">Databases</a></li> <li><a href="/pubs/digital-learning">Digital Learning</a></li> <li><a href="/pubs/journals">Journals</a></li> <li><a href="/monitor">Magazine</a></li> <li><a href="/pubs/reports">Reports</a></li> <li><a href="/pubs/videos">Videos</a></li> <li><a href="https://apastyle.apa.org">APA Style</a></li> </menu> </nav> <div id="maincontent" role="main" tabindex="-1"> <div typeof="Region" resource="Main"> <div class="mainwrap two_col_b product " id="mainwrap"> <div class="body-container"> <input type="hidden" id="needPrintVersion" value="true"> <section class="value_prop" id="topcontent"> <section class="breadcrumbs inline-breadcrumb"> <div class="container"> <div id="breadcrumbs"> <span><a href="/" id="pubsLink_Journal_1" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="/" data-ai-action="redirect">Home</a></span> <span class="breadcrumb-sep"> <i role="presentation" class="fas fa-angle-right"></i> </span> <span> <a href="/pubs" id="pubsLink_Journal_2" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="/pubs" data-ai-action="redirect">Publications & Databases</a> </span> <span class="breadcrumb-sep"> <i role="presentation" class="fas fa-angle-right"></i> </span> <span> <a href="/pubs/journals" id="pubsLink_Journal_3" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="/pubs/journals" data-ai-action="redirect">Journals</a> </span> <span class="breadcrumb-sep"> <i role="presentation" class="fas fa-angle-right"></i> </span> </div> </div> </section> <div class="bluebg"> <h1> Journal of Pediatric Neuropsychology </h1> <figure class="cover"> <img src="/pubs/journals/images/jpn-150.gif" alt="Journal of Pediatric Neuropsychology"> </figure> <section class="right"> <div class="jorunal-submit"> <a href="https://www.editorialmanager.com/jpne/default.aspx" class='btnAction btnDanger' target='_blank' rel='nofollow noopener noreferrer' id="pubsLink_Journal_4" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="https://www.editorialmanager.com/jpne/default.aspx" data-ai-action="redirect">Submit To Journal<i role="presentation" class="fas fa-up-right-from-square" aria-hidden="true" title="opens in new window"></i></a> </div> <ul class="quick-links"> </ul> </section> <section class="info"> <div class="author"> <div> <strong>Editor:</strong> <a href='https://www.apa.org/search?query=&fq=ContributorFilt:%22Reynolds, Cecil R.%22&sort=ContentDateSort desc' class='bodylink' id="pubsLink_Journal_5" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="https://www.apa.org/search?query=&fq=ContributorFilt:%22Reynolds, Cecil R.%22&sort=ContentDateSort desc" data-ai-action="redirect">Cecil R. Reynolds, PhD</a> </div> </div> <div class="prod_detail"> <div> <strong>ISSN: </strong> <span>2199-2681</span> </div> <div> <strong>eISSN: </strong> <span>2199-2673</span> </div> <div> <strong>Published: </strong> <span>quarterly, beginning in March</span> </div> <div> <strong>Impact Factor: </strong> <span>0.9</span> </div> <div> <strong>Clinical Neurology: </strong> <span>242 of 280</span> </div> <div> <strong>Psychology: </strong> <span>78 of 92</span> </div> </div> </section> </div> </section> <section class="content" id="ctcol"> <div class="featureRichItem "> <h2>Journal scope statement</h2> <div class="wysiwyg lengthy"><p>The <em>Journal of Pediatric Neuropsychology</em> publishes original peer-reviewed research focused on the needs of children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental or neurocognitive disorders. Manuscripts should have practical applications for a pediatric population in clinical, school, and/or forensic settings. Topics the Journal may consider publishing include neuropsychological assessment, evidence-based interventions, neurodevelopment, neurorehabilitation, psychopharmacology, neuroimaging, biomarkers, ethical and legal issues, test construction and psychometrics, and hospital to home and school transitions.</p> <p>Please note that the Journal primarily publishes manuscripts with empirical research. Case studies and theoretical reviews will be considered only if they result in substantial contributions to the field. Please contact the editor-in-chief regarding commentaries, special issues, and book and test reviews.</p> </div> </div> <div class="featureRichItem "> <h2>Announcement</h2> <div class="wysiwyg lengthy"><ul> <li><a href="/pubs/journals/jpn/partnership-announcement" id="pubsLink_Journal_6" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="/pubs/journals/jpn/partnership-announcement" data-ai-action="redirect">APA, American Academy of Pediatric Neuropsychology announce publishing partnership</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <section class="featureRichItem"> <section class="tabWidget accordion"> <section id="accordion210_" class="accordion" role="tablist"> <div class="ui-accordion-header " id="ui-id-expand-all" role="tab" tabindex="0" aria-controls="0_content_0"> <span id="expand-all">expand all</span> </div> <div class="accordion_title" id="ui-id-210-1" role="tab" aria-controls="accordion210__content_1" aria-selected="false" aria-expanded="false"> Submission Guidelines </div> <div class="accordion_content" id="accordion210__content_1"> <div class="wysiwyg lengthy"><p>Prior to submission, please carefully read and follow the submission guidelines detailed below. Manuscripts that do not conform to the submission guidelines may be returned without review.</p> <h2>Submission</h2> <p>Prepare manuscripts according to the <em>Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association</em> using the 7th edition. Manuscripts may be copyedited for bias-free language (see Chapter 5 of the <em>Publication Manual</em>). <a href="https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines?utm_source=apa.org&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=/pubs/journals/cps" id="pubsLink_Journal_7" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines?utm_source=apa.org&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=/pubs/journals/cps" data-ai-action="redirect">APA Style and Grammar Guidelines</a> for the 7th edition are available.</p> <p><a href="https://www.editorialmanager.com/jpne/default1.aspx" target="_blank" class="btnDefaultSml" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" id="pubsLink_Journal_8" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="https://www.editorialmanager.com/jpne/default1.aspx" data-ai-action="redirect">Submit Manuscript</a></p> <h2>Types of acceptable manuscript submissions</h2> <p><em>JPNE</em> considers submissions of the following types:</p> <p>Original research—Empirical as well as qualitative original studies conducted by the author(s).</p> <p>Review article—Empirical (e. g., meta-analytic) and narrative reviews of existing literature that offer new insights into practice or research based upon a synthesis of work to date, generally leading to other than obvious advances in practice or research. Such reviews must offer new insights to the field.</p> <p>Methodological and statistical advances/critiques—Papers providing a presentation of new research and/or statistical methods in the field that have the promise to advance practice, research, or the understanding of past research from a new methodological framework. Tutorials for the practitioner will be considered in exceptional cases where new methods may not have been addressed in graduate training programs yet are critical in understanding to advance clinical practice.</p> <p>Brief report—Papers of less than 12 ms. pages presenting original research, brief pointed reviews of a specific literature issue, or methodological or statistical issues of importance to the field.</p> <p>Commentaries and position papers on professional practice issues—Critical reviews of issues related to the practice of pediatric neuropsychology that lead to new, preferably evidence-based practices, or that provide unique insights into how to improve the professional practice of those engaged in the provision of pediatric neuropsychological practice. </p> <p>Commentaries and critiques of prior published articles: Papers that deal with critical conceptual, methodological, or related issues germane to the understanding of prior research published in the journal or that provide a strongly viable alternative interpretation of such research will be considered but subjected to a high bar for publication. Ad hominem comments in such papers will result in their rejection. </p> <p>Case study—Case studies that provide unique insights into practice or demonstrate needed research related to a particular clinical issue. Such cases should be presented in detail and explain the necessity of the case study format for presentation of the information.</p> <p>Test review—Critical reviews (not just descriptions) of recent or inadequately reviewed tests and assessments that are intended to be useful to practice or research in pediatric neuropsychology.</p> <p>Book review—Critical reviews (not just descriptions) of recent or inadequately reviewed books or monographs that are intended to be useful to practice or research in pediatric neuropsychology.</p> <h2>Masked review policy</h2> <p>Masked review, which means that the identities of both authors and reviewers are masked, is optional for the <em>Journal of Pediatric Neuropsychology</em>. Authors should note in their cover letters whether they have opted for masked or unmasked review.</p> <h3>Masked review</h3> <p>Authors who desire masked review should make every effort to see that the manuscript itself contains no clues to their identities:</p> <ul type="disc"> <li>Authors should never use first person (<em>I, my, we, our</em>) when referring to a study conducted by the author(s) or when doing so reveals the authors' identities (e.g., "in our previous work, Johnson et al. (1998) reported that..."). Instead, references to the authors' work should be in third person (e.g., "Johnson et al. (1998) reported that...").</li> <li>The authors' institutional affiliations should also be masked in the manuscript.</li> <li>Include the title of the manuscript along with all authors' names and institutional affiliations in the cover letter.</li> <li>The first page of the manuscript should omit the authors' names and affiliations but should include the title of the manuscript and the date it is submitted.</li> <li>Responsibility for masking the manuscript rests with the authors; manuscripts will be returned to the author if not appropriately masked. If the manuscript is accepted, authors will be asked to make changes in wording so that the paper is no longer masked.</li> <li>After masked review, please ensure that the final version for production includes a byline and full author note for typesetting.</li> </ul> <h2>Author contribution statements using CRediT</h2> <p>The APA <a href="https://apastyle.apa.org/products/publication-manual-7th-edition?utm_source=apa.org&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=/pubs/journals/mot" id="pubsLink_Journal_9" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="https://apastyle.apa.org/products/publication-manual-7th-edition?utm_source=apa.org&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=/pubs/journals/mot" data-ai-action="redirect"><em>Publication Manual</em> (7th ed.)</a> stipulates that “authorship encompasses…not only persons who do the writing but also those who have made substantial scientific contributions to a study.” In the spirit of transparency and openness, <em>Journal of Pediatric Neuropsychology</em> has adopted the <a href="http://credit.niso.org/contributor-roles-defined/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" id="pubsLink_Journal_10" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="http://credit.niso.org/contributor-roles-defined/" data-ai-action="redirect">Contributor Roles Taxonomy (CRediT)</a> to describe each author's individual contributions to the work. CRediT offers authors the opportunity to share an accurate and detailed description of their diverse contributions to a manuscript.</p> <p>Submitting authors will be asked to identify the contributions of all authors at initial submission according to this taxonomy. If the manuscript is accepted for publication, the CRediT designations will be published as an Author Contributions Statement in the author note of the final article. All authors should have reviewed and agreed to their individual contribution(s) before submission.</p> <p>CRediT includes 14 contributor roles, as described below:</p> <ul type="disc"> <li><strong>Conceptualization:</strong> Ideas; formulation or evolution of overarching research goals and aims.</li> <li><strong>Data curation:</strong> Management activities to annotate (produce metadata), scrub data and maintain research data (including software code, where it is necessary for interpreting the data itself) for initial use and later reuse.</li> <li><strong>Formal analysis:</strong> Application of statistical, mathematical, computational, or other formal techniques to analyze or synthesize study data.</li> <li><strong>Funding acquisition:</strong> Acquisition of the financial support for the project leading to this publication.</li> <li><strong>Investigation:</strong> Conducting a research and investigation process, specifically performing the experiments, or data/evidence collection.</li> <li><strong>Methodology:</strong> Development or design of methodology; creation of models.</li> <li><strong>Project administration:</strong> Management and coordination responsibility for the research activity planning and execution.</li> <li><strong>Resources:</strong> Provision of study materials, reagents, materials, patients, laboratory samples, animals, instrumentation, computing resources, or other analysis tools.</li> <li><strong>Software:</strong> Programming, software development; designing computer programs; implementation of the computer code and supporting algorithms; testing of existing code components.</li> <li><strong>Supervision:</strong> Oversight and leadership responsibility for the research activity planning and execution, including mentorship external to the core team.</li> <li><strong>Validation:</strong> Verification, whether as a part of the activity or separate, of the overall replication/reproducibility of results/experiments and other research outputs.</li> <li><strong>Visualization:</strong> Preparation, creation and/or presentation of the published work, specifically visualization/data presentation.</li> <li><strong>Writing—original draft:</strong> Preparation, creation and/or presentation of the published work, specifically writing the initial draft (including substantive translation).</li> <li><strong>Writing—review and editing:</strong> Preparation, creation and/or presentation of the published work by those from the original research group, specifically critical review, commentary or revision—including pre- or post-publication stages.</li> </ul> <p>Authors can claim credit for more than one contributor role, and the same role can be attributed to more than one author.</p> <h2>Open science badges</h2> <p>Articles are eligible for <a href="https://osf.io/tvyxz/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" id="pubsLink_Journal_11" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="https://osf.io/tvyxz/" data-ai-action="redirect">open science badges</a> recognizing publicly available data, materials, and/or preregistration plans and analyses. These badges are awarded on a <a href="https://osf.io/tvyxz/wiki/2.%20Awarding%20Badges/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" id="pubsLink_Journal_12" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="https://osf.io/tvyxz/wiki/2.%20Awarding%20Badges/" data-ai-action="redirect">self-disclosure</a> basis.</p> <p>At submission, authors must confirm that criteria have been fulfilled in a signed <a href="/pubs/authors/open-practices-disclosure-form.pdf" title='' target='_blank' id="pubsLink_Journal_13" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="/pubs/authors/open-practices-disclosure-form.pdf" data-ai-action="redirect">badge disclosure form (PDF, 33KB)<i class="fas fa-up-right-from-square" aria-label="opens in new window" title="opens in new window"></i></a> that must be submitted as supplemental material. If all criteria are met as confirmed by the editor, the form will then be published with the article as supplemental material.</p> <p>Authors should also note their eligibility for the badge(s) in the cover letter.</p> <p>For all badges, items must be made available on an open-access repository with a persistent identifier in a format that is time-stamped, immutable, and permanent. For the preregistered badge, this is an institutional registration system.</p> <p>Data and materials must be made available under an open license allowing others to copy, share, and use the data, with attribution and copyright as applicable.</p> <p>Available badges are:</p> <p> </p> <p><strong><img src="/images/badge-open-data_tcm7-213184_w1024_n.png" alt="Open Data Badge" data-aspect="0" class="leftImg" style="width: 75px; height: 75px;"> Open Data:</strong> <br> All data necessary to reproduce the reported results that are digitally shareable are made publicly available. Information necessary for replication (e.g., codebooks or metadata) must be included.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong><img src="/images/badge-open-data-protected-access_tcm7-230537_w1024_n.png" alt="badge-open-data-protected-access" data-aspect="0" class="leftImg" style="width: 75px; height: 75px;"> Open Data: Protected Access:</strong> <br> A "PA" (Protected Access) notation may be added to open data badges if sensitive, personal data are available only from an approved third-party repository that manages access to data to qualified researchers through a documented process. To be eligible for an open data badge with such a notation, the repository must publicly describe the steps necessary to obtain the data and detailed data documentation (e.g. variable names and allowed values) must be made available publicly. <a href="https://osf.io/tvyxz/wiki/8.%20Approved%20Protected%20Access%20Repositories/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" id="pubsLink_Journal_14" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="https://osf.io/tvyxz/wiki/8.%20Approved%20Protected%20Access%20Repositories/" data-ai-action="redirect">View a list of approved repositories</a>.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong><img src="/images/badge-open-materials_tcm7-213185_w1024_n.png" alt="Open Materials Badge" data-aspect="0" class="leftImg" style="width: 75px; height: 75px;"> Open Materials:</strong> <br> All materials necessary to reproduce the reported results that are digitally shareable, along with descriptions of non-digital materials necessary for replication, are made publicly available.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong><img src="/images/badge-preregistered_tcm7-213186_w1024_n.png" alt="Preregistered Badge" data-aspect="0" class="leftImg" style="width: 75px; height: 75px;"> Preregistered:</strong> <br> At least one study’s design has been preregistered with descriptions of (a) the research design and study materials, including the planned sample size; (b) the motivating research question or hypothesis; (c) the outcome variable(s); and (d) the predictor variables, including controls, covariates, and independent variables. Results must be fully disclosed. As long as they are distinguished from other results in the article, results from analyses that were not preregistered may be reported in the article.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong><img src="/images/badge-preregistered-plus_tcm7-213187_w1024_n.png" alt="Preregistered+Analysis Badge" data-aspect="0" class="leftImg" style="width: 75px; height: 75px;"> Preregistered+Analysis Plan:</strong> <br> At least one study’s design has been preregistered along with an analysis plan for the research—and results are recorded according to that plan.</p> <p> </p> <h2>Manuscript preparation</h2> <p>Review APA's <a href="/pubs/journals/resources/manuscript-submission-guidelines" id="pubsLink_Journal_15" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="/pubs/journals/resources/manuscript-submission-guidelines" data-ai-action="redirect">Journal Manuscript Preparation Guidelines</a> before submitting your article.</p> <h3>Formatting</h3> <p>Double-space all copy. Other formatting instructions, as well as instructions on preparing tables, figures, references, metrics, and abstracts, appear in the <em>Manual</em>. Additional guidance on APA Style is available on the <a href="https://apastyle.apa.org/" id="pubsLink_Journal_16" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="https://apastyle.apa.org/" data-ai-action="redirect">APA Style website</a>.</p> <p>Below are additional instructions regarding the preparation of display equations, computer code, and tables.</p> <h3>Display equations</h3> <p>We strongly encourage you to use MathType (third-party software) or Equation Editor 3.0 (built into pre-2007 versions of Word) to construct your equations, rather than the equation support that is built into Word 2007 and Word 2010. Equations composed with the built-in Word 2007/Word 2010 equation support are converted to low-resolution graphics when they enter the production process and must be rekeyed by the typesetter, which may introduce errors.</p> <p>To construct your equations with MathType or Equation Editor 3.0:</p> <ul type="disc"> <li>Go to the Text section of the Insert tab and select Object.</li> <li>Select MathType or Equation Editor 3.0 in the drop-down menu.</li> </ul> <p>If you have an equation that has already been produced using Microsoft Word 2007 or 2010 and you have access to the full version of MathType 6.5 or later, you can convert this equation to MathType by clicking on MathType Insert Equation. Copy the equation from Microsoft Word and paste it into the MathType box. Verify that your equation is correct, click File, and then click Update. Your equation has now been inserted into your Word file as a MathType Equation.</p> <p>Use Equation Editor 3.0 or MathType only for equations or for formulas that cannot be produced as Word text using the Times or Symbol font.</p> <h3>Computer code</h3> <p>Because altering computer code in any way (e.g., indents, line spacing, line breaks, page breaks) during the typesetting process could alter its meaning, we treat computer code differently from the rest of your article in our production process. To that end, we request separate files for computer code.</p> <h4>In online supplemental material</h4> <p>We request that runnable source code be included as supplemental material to the article. For more information, visit <a href="/pubs/journals/resources/supplemental-material" id="pubsLink_Journal_17" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="/pubs/journals/resources/supplemental-material" data-ai-action="redirect">supplementing your article with online material</a>.</p> <h4>In the text of the article</h4> <p>If you would like to include code in the text of your published manuscript, please submit a separate file with your code exactly as you want it to appear, using Courier New font with a type size of 8 points. We will make an image of each segment of code in your article that exceeds 40 characters in length. (Shorter snippets of code that appear in text will be typeset in Courier New and run in with the rest of the text.) If an appendix contains a mix of code and explanatory text, please submit a file that contains the entire appendix, with the code keyed in 8-point Courier New.</p> <h3>Tables</h3> <p>Use Word’s Insert Table function when you create tables. Using spaces or tabs in your table will create problems when the table is typeset and may result in errors.</p> <h3>Academic writing and English language editing services</h3> <p>Authors who feel that their manuscript may benefit from additional academic writing or language editing support prior to submission are encouraged to seek out such services at their host institutions, engage with colleagues and subject matter experts, and/or consider several <a href="/pubs/journals/resources/editing-services" id="pubsLink_Journal_18" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="/pubs/journals/resources/editing-services" data-ai-action="redirect">vendors that offer discounts to APA authors</a>.</p> <p>Please note that APA does not endorse or take responsibility for the service providers listed. It is strictly a referral service.</p> <p>Use of such service is not mandatory for publication in an APA journal. Use of one or more of these services does not guarantee selection for peer review, manuscript acceptance, or preference for publication in any APA journal.</p> <h3>Submitting supplemental materials</h3> <p>APA can place supplemental materials online, available via the published article in the APA PsycArticles<sup>®</sup> database. Please see <a href="/pubs/journals/resources/supplemental-material" id="pubsLink_Journal_19" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="/pubs/journals/resources/supplemental-material" data-ai-action="redirect">supplementing your article with online material</a> for more details.</p> <h3>Abstract and keywords</h3> <p>All manuscripts must include an abstract containing a maximum of 250 words typed on a separate page. After the abstract, please supply up to five keywords or brief phrases.</p> <h3>References</h3> <p>List references in alphabetical order. Each listed reference should be cited in text, and each text citation should be listed in the References section.</p> <p>Examples of basic reference formats:</p> <h4>Journal article</h4> <p class="reference">McCauley, S. M., & Christiansen, M. H. (2019). Language learning as language use: A cross-linguistic model of child language development. <em>Psychological Review</em>, <em>126</em>(1), 1–51. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000126" id="pubsLink_Journal_20" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000126" data-ai-action="redirect">https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000126</a></p> <h4>Authored book</h4> <p class="reference">Brown, L. S. (2018). <em>Feminist therapy</em> (2nd ed.). American Psychological Association. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1037/0000092-000" id="pubsLink_Journal_21" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="https://doi.org/10.1037/0000092-000" data-ai-action="redirect">https://doi.org/10.1037/0000092-000</a></p> <h4>Chapter in an edited book</h4> <p class="reference">Balsam, K. F., Martell, C. R., Jones. K. P., & Safren, S. A. (2019). Affirmative cognitive behavior therapy with sexual and gender minority people. In G. Y. Iwamasa & P. A. Hays (Eds.), <em>Culturally responsive cognitive behavior therapy: Practice and supervision</em> (2nd ed., pp. 287–314). American Psychological Association. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1037/0000119-012" id="pubsLink_Journal_22" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="https://doi.org/10.1037/0000119-012" data-ai-action="redirect">https://doi.org/10.1037/0000119-012</a></p> <h3>Figures</h3> <p>Preferred formats for graphics files are TIFF and JPG, and preferred format for vector-based files is EPS. Graphics downloaded or saved from web pages are not acceptable for publication. Multipanel figures (i.e., figures with parts labeled a, b, c, d, etc.) should be assembled into one file. When possible, please place symbol legends below the figure instead of to the side.</p> <p><strong>Resolution</strong></p> <ul type="disc"> <li>All color line art and halftones: 300 DPI</li> <li>Black and white line tone and gray halftone images: 600 DPI</li> </ul> <p><strong>Line weights</strong></p> <ul type="disc"> <li>Adobe Photoshop images</li> </ul> <ul> <ul> <li>Color (RGB, CMYK) images: 2 pixels</li> <li>Grayscale images: 4 pixels</li> </ul> </ul> <ul type="disc"> <li>Adobe Illustrator Images</li> </ul> <ul> <ul> <li>Stroke weight: 0.5 points</li> </ul> </ul> <p>APA offers authors the option to publish their figures online in color without the costs associated with print publication of color figures.</p> <h3>Permissions</h3> <p>Authors of accepted papers must obtain and provide to the editor on final acceptance all necessary permissions to reproduce in print and electronic form any copyrighted work, including test materials (or portions thereof), photographs, and other graphic images (including those used as stimuli in experiments).</p> <p>On advice of counsel, APA may decline to publish any image whose copyright status is unknown.</p> <ul type="disc"> <li><a href="/pubs/authors/permissions-alert.pdf" title='' target='_blank' id="pubsLink_Journal_23" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="/pubs/authors/permissions-alert.pdf" data-ai-action="redirect">Download Permissions Alert Form (PDF, 13KB)<i class="fas fa-up-right-from-square" aria-label="opens in new window" title="opens in new window"></i></a></li> </ul> <h2>Publication policies</h2> <p>For full details on publication policies, including use of Artificial Intelligence tools, please see <a href="/pubs/journals/resources/publishing-policies" id="pubsLink_Journal_24" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="/pubs/journals/resources/publishing-policies" data-ai-action="redirect">APA Publishing Policies</a>.</p> <p>APA policy prohibits an author from submitting the same manuscript for concurrent consideration by two or more publications.</p> <p>See also <a href="/pubs/journals/resources/internet-posting-guidelines" id="pubsLink_Journal_25" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="/pubs/journals/resources/internet-posting-guidelines" data-ai-action="redirect">APA Journals<sup>®</sup> Internet Posting Guidelines</a>.</p> <p>APA requires authors to reveal any possible conflict of interest in the conduct and reporting of research (e.g., financial interests in a test or procedure, funding by pharmaceutical companies for drug research).</p> <ul type="disc"> <li><a href="/pubs/authors/disclosure-of-interests.pdf" title='' target='_blank' id="pubsLink_Journal_26" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="/pubs/authors/disclosure-of-interests.pdf" data-ai-action="redirect">Download Full Disclosure of Interests Form (PDF, 41KB)<i class="fas fa-up-right-from-square" aria-label="opens in new window" title="opens in new window"></i></a></li> </ul> <h2>Ethical principles</h2> <p>It is a violation of APA Ethical Principles to publish "as original data, data that have been previously published" (Standard 8.13).</p> <p>In addition, APA Ethical Principles specify that "after research results are published, psychologists do not withhold the data on which their conclusions are based from other competent professionals who seek to verify the substantive claims through reanalysis and who intend to use such data only for that purpose, provided that the confidentiality of the participants can be protected and unless legal rights concerning proprietary data preclude their release" (Standard 8.14).</p> <p>APA expects authors to adhere to these standards. Specifically, APA expects authors to have their data available throughout the editorial review process and for at least 5 years after the date of publication.</p> <p>Authors are required to state in writing that they have complied with APA ethical standards in the treatment of their sample, human or animal, or to describe the details of treatment.</p> <ul type="disc"> <li><a href="/pubs/authors/ethics.pdf" title='' target='_blank' id="pubsLink_Journal_27" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="/pubs/authors/ethics.pdf" data-ai-action="redirect">Download Certification of Compliance With APA Ethical Principles Form (PDF, 26KB)<i class="fas fa-up-right-from-square" aria-label="opens in new window" title="opens in new window"></i></a></li> </ul> <p>The APA Ethics Office provides the full <a href="/ethics/code" id="pubsLink_Journal_28" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="/ethics/code" data-ai-action="redirect">Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct</a> electronically on its website in HTML, PDF, and Word format. You may also request a copy by <a href="mailto:ethics@apa.org" target="_blank" id="pubsLink_Journal_29" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="emailing" data-ai-action="">emailing</a> or calling the APA Ethics Office (202-336-5930). You may also read "Ethical Principles," December 1992, <em>American Psychologist</em>, Vol. 47, pp. 1597–1611.</p> <h2>Other information</h2> <p>See <a href="/pubs/journals/resources/publishing-policies" id="pubsLink_Journal_30" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="/pubs/journals/resources/publishing-policies" data-ai-action="redirect">APA’s Publishing Policies page</a> for more information on publication policies, including information on author contributorship and responsibilities of authors, author name changes after publication, the use of generative artificial intelligence, funder information and conflict-of-interest disclosures, duplicate publication, data publication and reuse, and preprints.</p> <p>Visit the <a href="/pubs/journals/resources" id="pubsLink_Journal_31" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="/pubs/journals/resources" data-ai-action="redirect">Journals Publishing Resource Center</a> for more resources for writing, reviewing, and editing articles for publishing in APA journals.</p></div> </div> <div class="accordion_title" id="ui-id-210-2" role="tab" aria-controls="accordion210__content_2" aria-selected="false" aria-expanded="false"> Editorial Board </div> <div class="accordion_content" id="accordion210__content_2"> <div class="wysiwyg lengthy"><h2>Editor-in-chief</h2> <p>Cecil R. Reynolds, PhD, ABPdN <br> <em>Texas A&M University</em></p> <h2>Associate editors</h2> <p>Stephanie Emhoff, PhD <br> <em>UTHealth Houston </em> </p> <p>Christy Hom, PhD, ABPdN <br> <em>University of California, Irvine</em></p> <p>Len Lecci, PhD <br> <em>University of North Carolina Wilmington</em></p> <p>Grace A. Mucci, PhD, MS, ABPdN, ABPP <br> <em>The Chicago School, Anaheim</em></p> <h2>Editorial board</h2> <p>Laura A. Barquero, MS <br> <em>Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States</em></p> <p>Jesse Bledsoe, PhD <br> <em>Associate Editor for Pediatric Behavioral Neuroimaging, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States</em></p> <p>Jon Bos, PsyD <br> <em>University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States</em></p> <p>Shane Bush, PhD <br> <em>Long Island Neuropsychology, Lake Ronkonkoma, NY, United States</em></p> <p>Amy K. Byerley, PhD <br> <em>Mary Free Bed Rehabilitation Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, United States</em></p> <p>Paul T. Cirino, PhD <br> <em>Texas Institute for Measurement, Evaluation, and Statistics (TIMES), Houston, TX, United States</em></p> <p>John C. Courtney, LCP, PsyD <br> <em>Presbyterian Medical Services, Socorro, NM, United States</em></p> <p>Scott L. Decker, PhD <br> <em>University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States</em></p> <p>Peter Dodzik, PsyD, MA <br> <em>Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, and Fort Wayne Neurological Center, Fort Wayne, IN, United States</em></p> <p>Elaine Fletcher-Janzen, EdD, NCSP, ABPdN <br> <em>Chicago School of Professional Psychology, Chicago, IL, United States</em></p> <p>Charles Golden, PhD <br> <em>Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, United States</em></p> <p>Sam Goldstein, PhD <br> <em>University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States</em></p> <p>Arthur MacNeil Horton, Jr., EdD, ABPP, ABN, ABPP, ABPdN <br> <em>Psych Associates of Maryland, Bethesda, MD, United States</em></p> <p>Alan Kaufman, PhD <br> <em>Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States</em></p> <p>Sarah N. Mattson, PhD <br> <em>San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States</em></p> <p>Joan W. Mayfield, PhD <br> <em>Children's Health, Dallas, TX, United States</em></p> <p>Robert J. McCaffrey, PhD <br> <em>Albany Neuropsychological Association, Albany, NY, United States</em></p> <p>George McCloskey, PhD <br> <em>Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States</em></p> <p>Paige Mission, PhD <br> <em>University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States</em></p> <p>Jack A. Naglieri, PhD <br> <em>University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, and Devereux Center for Resilient Children, Villa Nova, PA, United States</em></p> <p>Chad Noggle, PhD, ABPP-CN, ABN <br> <em>Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, United States</em></p> <p>Sharon O’Neil, PhD, MHA, ABPP-CN, ABPdN <br> <em>Children’s Hospital Los Angeles USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States</em></p> <p>Julie K. O’Reilly, PsyD <br> <em>Loyola University Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States</em></p> <p>Rick Ostrander, EdD <br> <em>Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States</em></p> <p>Bruce Pennington, PhD <br> <em>University of Denver, Denver, CO, United States</em></p> <p>Vickie Plourde, PhD <br> <em>Université de Moncton, NB, Canada</em></p> <p>Antonio E. Puente, PhD <br> <em>University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, United States</em></p> <p>Cynthia A. Riccio, PhD <br> <em>Texas A & M University, College Station, TX, United States</em></p> <p>Karin Walsh, PsyD <br> <em>Children's National Health System & The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States</em></p> <p>Ted Wasserman, PhD, ABPP, ABPdN <br> <em>Boca Raton, FL, United States</em></p> <p>Tasha H. Williams, PhD <br> <em>Fort Wayne Neurological Center, Fort Wayne, IN, United States</em></p> <p>Kelly Ross Wolfe, PhD <br> <em>University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States</em></p> <p>Michael P. Wolff, PsyD, ABN, ABPDN <br> <em>Behavioral Resources and Institute for Neuropsychological Services (BRAINS), Grand Rapids, MI, United States</em></p> <p>Amanda G. Wood, BSc, MPsych, PhD <br> <em>Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville Victoria, Australia</em></p></div> </div> </section> </section> </section> <div class="horizontal-icon-bar" data-ai-region="" data-ai-area="horizontal-bar"> <div> <a href="#" onclick="publishFacebookWallPost('255440604529709', 'https://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/jpn');" class="social-icon" data-ai-target="facebook" data-ai-action="share" id="pubsLink_Journal_32"> <i title="Share this on Facebook" class="fab fa-facebook-f"></i> </a> </div> <div> <a href="javascript: openSocialShare('https://twitter.com/share?url=https%3a%2f%2fwww.apa.org%2fpubs%2fjournals%2fjpn&via=APA&text=Journal+of+Pediatric+Neuropsychology')" class="social-icon" data-ai-target="twitter" data-ai-action="share" id="pubsLink_Journal_33"> <i title="Share this on X (formerly Twitter)" class="fab fa-x-twitter"></i> </a> </div> <div>  <a href="javascript: openSocialShare('https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https%3a%2f%2fwww.apa.org%2fpubs%2fjournals%2fjpn&title=Journal+of+Pediatric+Neuropsychology&summary=This+journal+publishes+original+peer-reviewed+research+focused+on+the+needs+of+children+and+adolescents+with+neurodevelopmental+or+neurocognitive+disorders.')" class="social-icon" data-ai-target="linkedin" data-ai-action="share" id="pubsLink_Journal_34"> <i title="Share this on LinkedIn" class="fab fa-linkedin-in"></i> </a> </div> <div>  <a href="javascript:openEmail('English');" class="social-icon" data-ai-target="email" data-ai-action="share" id="pubsLink_Journal_35"> <i title="Email this" class="fas fa-envelope"></i> </a> </div> <div> <a href="javascript:printThis();" class="social-icon" data-ai-target="" data-ai-action="print" id="pubsLink_Journal_36"> <i title="Print this" class="fas fa-print"></i> </a> </div> </div> <script type="text/plain" class="optanon-category-C0005"> window.fbAsyncInit = function () { FB.init({ appId: 255440604529709, xfbml: true, version: 'v4.0' }); FB.AppEvents.logPageView(); }; (function (d, s, id) { var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) { return; } js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = "https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk')); </script> <script> if (!document.getElementById('citationPopup')) { let popup = ` <div class="citationPopup" id="citationPopup"> <span class="capitalize">Cite This Webpage</span> <div class="closeCitation right" onclick="toggleCitation()"><i role="presentation" aria-hidden="true" class="fas fa-rectangle-xmark"></i></div> <div class="hr"></div> <div class="citationBody" id="citationBody" onclick="selectAll()"> </div> </div> `; if (document.getElementById('mainwrap') != null) { document.getElementById('mainwrap').insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', popup); } } </script> </section> <section class="rtcol" id="rtcol"> <div> <section class="listBoxModule newsletter-subscription cozy"> <h2 class="title">Journal Alert</h2> <div class="wysiwyg lengthy newsletter-description"><p>Sign up to receive email alerts on the latest content published.</p></div> <div class="form-wrapper"> <div class="spinner" style="display: none;"> <img src="/Content/Images/newsletter-subscribtion-spinner.gif" alt="loading..."> </div> <form action="/api/forms/newsletter/subscribe" data-ajax="true" data-ajax-begin="onBegin" data-ajax-complete="onComplete" data-ajax-failure="onFailure" data-ajax-method="POST" data-ajax-success="onSuccess" data-ajax-url="/api/forms/newsletter/subscribe" id="form0" method="post"><input name="__RequestVerificationToken" type="hidden" value="xN_iLE-FpWDwGBqDDwOwY-7mBvLZqbiQ5DpJQdODPEoZ5BI_A_r__uuoQdrLttU5XGiIb1ugoaeJkxxVHgy_uCumcmaS-QsjkVGmaa3zsms1"><input value="701Ul00000FSNp6IAH" data-val="true" data-val-required="The CampaignId field is required." id="Form_CampaignId" name="Form.CampaignId" type="hidden" value=""><input value="" id="Form_NewsletterTitle" name="Form.NewsletterTitle" type="hidden" value=""> <div class="input-group"> <label class="needed" for="Form_FirstName">First Name</label> <input class="input-item" data-val="true" data-val-length="First Name should not be longer than 40 characters" data-val-length-max="40" data-val-required="Provide your first name" id="Form_FirstName" maxlength="40" name="Form.FirstName" type="text" value=""> <span class="field-validation-valid error-message" data-valmsg-for="Form.FirstName" data-valmsg-replace="true"></span> </div> <div class="input-group"> <label class="needed" for="Form_LastName">Last Name</label> <input class="input-item" data-val="true" data-val-length="Last Name should not be longer than 80 characters" data-val-length-max="80" data-val-required="Provide your last name" id="Form_LastName" maxlength="80" name="Form.LastName" type="text" value=""> <span class="field-validation-valid error-message" data-valmsg-for="Form.LastName" data-valmsg-replace="true"></span> </div> <div class="input-group"> <label class="needed" for="Form_Email">Email Address</label> <input class="input-item" data-val="true" data-val-length="Email Address should not be longer than 80 characters" data-val-length-max="80" data-val-regex="Please enter a valid email address" data-val-regex-pattern="\w+([-+.]\w+)*@\w+([-.]\w+)*\.\w+([-.]\w+)*" data-val-required="Provide your email address" id="Form_Email" maxlength="80" name="Form.Email" type="email" value=""> <span class="field-validation-valid error-message" data-valmsg-for="Form.Email" data-valmsg-replace="true"></span> </div> <div class="row" id="msgBox"> <label for="tbMsg" title="Enter additional comment" class="needed">Comment:</label><br> <textarea name="tbMsg" id="tbMsg" rows="2"></textarea> </div> <div class="input-group submit-group"> <div class="fail-message" style="display: none;">Something went wrong! Please try again!</div> <button type="submit" name="submit" class="submit-btn btnAction" disabled="">Subscribe</button> </div> </form> </div> <div class="result-wrapper" style="display: none;"> <div class="success-message"> <p>Welcome! Thank you for subscribing.</p> </div> </div> </section> <script> var spinner = jQuery('.form-wrapper').find('.spinner'); var wrongMessage = "Subscription failed. Please try again."; var validationMessage = "Please fill all required fields!"; function onBegin(xhr) { xhr.setRequestHeader('RequestVerificationToken', 'mHRG15EZYBfgrt6xPI2YLzQiRkuHAViTQaipceNSGhQnq7JubUTE0ZU-rhbpboQwsdaxI5fJVE_ZIo643lch-0f35W5c1AdxEomVlYgIuYU1:y3JCI2Jy3WqBM2feg59E4CxCyRV6zU-TJu6lJynRwO8_UlLB8wiXNKAf0EPReJvlSyNJF6_ekcyEkekG2mx2yH18ACVpTZXFKOwIX8Yagns1') spinner.fadeIn(); } function onComplete(result) { spinner.fadeOut(); } function onSuccess(result) { toggleResult(result.success, result.responseText, result.validationFail); } function onFailure(err) { toggleResult(true, "We’re sorry, but something went wrong. Please try again later or visit APA's Preferences Center <a href='https://preferences.apa.org/'>https://preferences.apa.org</a> to subscribe.", false); } function toggleResult(success, response, validationFail) { var target = success ? '.newsletter-subscription .result-wrapper' : '.newsletter-subscription .fail-message'; document.querySelectorAll(('.newsletter-subscription .form-wrapper, .newsletter-subscription .wysiwyg.newsletter-description')).forEach((element) => { element.style.display = success ? "none" : "block" }); if (validationFail) document.querySelector('.newsletter-subscription .fail-message').innerHTML = validationFail ? validationMessage : wrongMessage; jQuery(".success-message").html(response); document.querySelector(target).style.display = "block"; } jQuery(document).ready(function () { jQuery('.submit-btn').removeAttr('disabled'); }); </script> </div> <div> <div class="listBoxModule "> <h2>Subscriptions and access</h2> <div class="wysiwyg"><ul> <li><a href="/pubs/journals/jpn/pricing" id="pubsLink_Journal_37" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="/pubs/journals/jpn/pricing" data-ai-action="redirect">Pricing and individual access</a></li> <li><a href="/pubs/databases/psycarticles" id="pubsLink_Journal_38" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="/pubs/databases/psycarticles" data-ai-action="redirect">APA PsycArticles database</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="listBoxModule reuse "> <div class="wysiwyg"><p><a class="btnDefaultMed" href="/pubs/journals/resources/calls-for-papers" id="pubsLink_Journal_39" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="/pubs/journals/resources/calls-for-papers" data-ai-action="redirect">Calls for Papers</a></p> </div> </div> <div class="listBoxModule reuse "> <div class="wysiwyg"><p><a class="btnOutlineMed" href="/pubs/databases/psycarticles" id="pubsLink_Journal_40" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="/pubs/databases/psycarticles" data-ai-action="redirect">Access options</a></p> </div> </div> <div class="listBoxModule reuse "> <h2>Resources</h2> <ul> <li><a href="/pubs/authors" id="236110-0" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="/pubs/authors" data-ai-action="redirect">APA publishing resources</a></li> <li><a href="/pubs/educators-students" id="277182-0" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="/pubs/educators-students" data-ai-action="redirect">Educators and students</a></li> <li><a href="/pubs/journals/resources/editors-resources" id="236146-0" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="/pubs/journals/resources/editors-resources" data-ai-action="redirect">Editor resource center</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="listBoxModule reuse "> <h2>APA Publishing Insider</h2> <div class="wysiwyg"><p>APA Publishing Insider is a free monthly newsletter with tips on APA Style, open science initiatives, active calls for papers, research summaries, and more.</p> <p><a class="btnOutlineMed" href="/pubs/marketing/publishing-newsletter-sign-up" id="pubsLink_Journal_41" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="/pubs/marketing/publishing-newsletter-sign-up" data-ai-action="redirect">Sign up</a></p> </div> </div> <div class="listBoxModule reuse "> <h2>Social media</h2> <div class="wysiwyg"><p><a href="https://twitter.com/APA_Journals" class="has-img" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" id="pubsLink_Journal_42" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="https://twitter.com/APA_Journals" data-ai-action="redirect"><img src="/images/twitter-icon-black_tcm7-276377_w1024_n.png" alt="Twitter icon" data-aspect="0" style="width: 34px; height: 34px;"> </a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/showcase/11003402/" target="_blank" class="has-img" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" id="pubsLink_Journal_43" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="https://www.linkedin.com/showcase/11003402/" data-ai-action="redirect"><img src="/images/linkedin-icon-black_tcm7-272772_w1024_n.png" alt="linkedin-icon-black" data-aspect="0" style="width: 34px; height: 34px;"> </a> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/APAJournals/" target="_blank" class="has-img" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" id="pubsLink_Journal_44" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="https://www.facebook.com/APAJournals/" data-ai-action="redirect"><img src="/images/facebook-icon-black_tcm7-276376_w1024_n.png" alt="Facebook icon" data-aspect="0" style="width: 34px; height: 34px;"> </a> <br></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="contact"><h3><a href="/pubs/journals/contact" id="pubsLink_Journal_45" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="/pubs/journals/contact" data-ai-action="redirect">Contact Journals</a></h3></div> <aside class="adWrap"> <div class="ad_box ad300x250"> <div id="gpt-ad-1" data-ai-iframe="" data-ai-action="paid-ad-click" data-ai-target="gpt-ad-1"> <script> var layout = document.querySelector('.two_col_b') ? 'twoCols' : 'others'; googletag.cmd.push(function () { if ('300x250' == '728x90') { var responsiveAdSlot = googletag .defineSlot('/308402/b.apa.tmus/Global', [[300, 250], [300, 250]], 'gpt-ad-1') .addService(googletag.pubads()); responsiveAdSlot.defineSizeMapping(getRespAdSizeMapping()); } else { googletag.defineSlot('/308402/b.apa.tmus/Global', [300, 250], 'gpt-ad-1').addService(googletag.pubads()); } googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest(); googletag.pubads().setTargeting("Topics", ["Children","Neuropsychology","Learning and Memory"]); googletag.pubads().setTargeting("Audience", ["Appliers of Psychological Science","Psychology Research"]); googletag.enableServices(); googletag.display('gpt-ad-1'); }); function getRespAdSizeMapping() { var mapping; if (layout == 'twoCols') { if (window.matchMedia("(max-width: 995px)").matches) { mapping = googletag.sizeMapping() .addSize([767, 100], [728, 90]) .addSize([320, 100], [300, 250]) .addSize([0, 0], []) .build(); } else { mapping = googletag.sizeMapping() .addSize([1160, 100], [728, 90]) .addSize([320, 100], [300, 250]) .addSize([0, 0], []) .build(); } } else { mapping = googletag.sizeMapping() .addSize([767, 100], [728, 90]) .addSize([320, 100], [300, 250]) .addSize([0, 0], []) .build(); } return mapping; } </script> </div> <div class='ad_label'>ADVERTISEMENT</div> </div> </aside> <aside class="adWrap"> <div class="ad_box ad300x250"> <div id="gpt-ad-2" data-ai-iframe="" data-ai-action="paid-ad-click" data-ai-target="gpt-ad-2"> <script> var layout = document.querySelector('.two_col_b') ? 'twoCols' : 'others'; googletag.cmd.push(function () { if ('300x250' == '728x90') { var responsiveAdSlot = googletag .defineSlot('/308402/b.apa.tmus/Global', [[300, 250], [300, 250]], 'gpt-ad-2') .addService(googletag.pubads()); responsiveAdSlot.defineSizeMapping(getRespAdSizeMapping()); } else { googletag.defineSlot('/308402/b.apa.tmus/Global', [300, 250], 'gpt-ad-2').addService(googletag.pubads()); } googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest(); googletag.pubads().setTargeting("Topics", ["Children","Neuropsychology","Learning and Memory"]); googletag.pubads().setTargeting("Audience", ["Appliers of Psychological Science","Psychology Research"]); googletag.enableServices(); googletag.display('gpt-ad-2'); }); function getRespAdSizeMapping() { var mapping; if (layout == 'twoCols') { if (window.matchMedia("(max-width: 995px)").matches) { mapping = googletag.sizeMapping() .addSize([767, 100], [728, 90]) .addSize([320, 100], [300, 250]) .addSize([0, 0], []) .build(); } else { mapping = googletag.sizeMapping() .addSize([1160, 100], [728, 90]) .addSize([320, 100], [300, 250]) .addSize([0, 0], []) .build(); } } else { mapping = googletag.sizeMapping() .addSize([767, 100], [728, 90]) .addSize([320, 100], [300, 250]) .addSize([0, 0], []) .build(); } return mapping; } </script> </div> <div class='ad_label'>ADVERTISEMENT</div> </div> </aside> </section> <aside class="mcontact"><span><a href="/pubs/journals/contact" id="pubsLink_Journal_46" data-ai-click="" data-ai-target="/pubs/journals/contact" data-ai-action="redirect">Contact Journals</a></span></aside> </div> </div></div> <footer class="megafooter" data-ai-region data-ai-area="footer"> <div class="megafooter-row megafooter-tagline"> <div class="container"> <div class="wysiwyg">Advancing psychology to benefit society and improve lives</div> </div> </div> <div class="megafooter-row content-row"> <div class="container"> <div class="footer-grid four-cols"> <div class="megafooter-block"> <div class="wysiwyg"> <div> <strong class="upperCase">ABOUT PSYCHOLOGY</strong> </div> <div> <a target="_parent" href="/education-career/guide/science">Science of Psychology</a> </div> <div> <a target="_parent" href="/topics">Psychology Topics</a> </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> <strong class="upperCase">STUDENTS</strong> </div> <div> <a href="https://accreditation.apa.org/accredited-programs" target="_parent">Accredited Psychology Programs</a> </div> <div> <a target="_parent" href="/education-career/guide/careers">Careers in Psychology</a> </div> <div> <a href="https://opl.apa.org">Online Psychology Laboratory</a> </div> <div> <a target="_parent" href="/about/students">More for Students</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="megafooter-block"> <div class="wysiwyg"><div><strong>PUBLICATIONS & DATABASES</strong></div> <div><a href="https://apastyle.apa.org" target="_parent">APA Style</a></div> <div><a target="_parent" href="/pubs/books">Books</a></div> <div><a target="_parent" href="/pubs/magination">Children's Books</a></div> <div><a href="/pubs/databases">Databases</a></div> <div><a target="_parent" href="/pubs/videos">DVD/Streaming Video</a></div> <div><a href="/pubs/journals/subscriptions">Journal Subscriptions</a></div> <div><a href="https://psycnet.apa.org/">APA PsycNet® Journal Articles</a></div> <div><a target="_parent" href="/pubs">More Publications & Databases</a></div></div> </div> <div class="megafooter-block"> <div class="wysiwyg"> <div> <strong class="upperCase">NEWS & ADVOCACY</strong> </div> <div> <a href="/monitor">Monitor on Psychology Magazine</a> </div> <div> <a href="/news/newsletters">Newsletters</a> </div> <div> <a href="/news/press">Press Room</a> </div> <div> <a href="https://www.apaservices.org/advocacy">Advocacy from APA Services, Inc.</a> </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> <strong class="upperCase">STANDARDS & GUIDELINES</strong> </div> <div> <a href="/research-practice/standards-guidelines">Standards and Guidelines</a> </div> <div> <a target="_parent" href="/ethics">Ethics</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="megafooter-block"> <div class="wysiwyg"> <div> <strong class="upperCase">CAREERS</strong> </div> <div> <a href="http://www.psyccareers.com" target="_parent">Find a Job with PsycCareers</a> </div> <div> <a target="_parent" href="/education-career/development/early">Early Career Psychologists</a> </div> <div> <br> </div> <div> <strong class="upperCase">EVENTS & TRAINING</strong> </div> <div> <div> <a href="https://convention.apa.org">APA Annual Convention</a> </div> </div> <div> <a target="_parent" href="/ed/ce">Continuing Education</a> </div> <div> <a href="/events">Events Calendar</a> </div> <div> <a href="/education-career/training">Training</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="megafooter-row bg-light-neutral-1"> <div class="container"> <section class="footer-grid two-cols about-memebers-cols"> <div class="megafooter-block aboutapa-block"> <div class="megafooter-heading">About APA</div> <div class="wysiwyg footer-grid three-cols"><ul> <li><a target="_parent" href="/about/governance">Governance</a></li> <li><a target="_parent" href="https://www.apadivisions.org">APA Divisions</a></li> <li><a target="_parent" href="/about/offices">Our Work</a></li> </ul> <ul> <li><a target="_parent" href="https://apamerchstore.com/">APA Merch Store</a></li> <li><a href="/about/apa/corporate-supporters">Corporate Supporters</a></li> <li><a href="https://advertising.apa.org">Advertise with Us</a></li> </ul> <ul> <li><a href="/about/apa-jobs">Jobs at APA</a></li> <li><a href="/donations">Donate</a></li> <li><a href="/about/contact">Contact Us</a></li> </ul></div> </div> <div class="megafooter-block members-block"> <div class="footer-grid two-cols members-cols"> <div class="megafooter-block"> <div class="megafooter-heading">Members</div> <div class="wysiwyg"><ul> <li><a href="https://community.apa.org/">APA Community</a></li> <li><a href="/members/your-membership/get-involved">Get Involved</a></li> <li><a href="/members/your-membership/benefits">Membership Benefits</a></li> <li><a target="_parent" href="/members">More for Members</a></li> </ul></div> </div> <div class="megafooter-block"> <div class="wysiwyg"> <ul> <li style="text-align: left;"> <a href="https://renew.apa.org" class="btnOutlineMed">Renew Membership</a> </li> <li style="text-align: left;"> <a class="btnOutlineMed" href="/members/your-membership/join">Join APA</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> <div class="megafooter-row shorter-row with-social"> <div class="container"> <div class="footer-grid two-cols-uneven"> <div class="megafooter-links megafooter-block align-self-end"> <div class="wysiwyg wysiwyg-flex-ul"><ul> <li><a href="#" id="togglePrefCenter" name="togglePrefCenter">Cookies</a></li> <li><a target="_parent" href="/about/privacy">Privacy Statement</a></li> <li><a target="_parent" href="/about/termsofuse">Terms of Use</a></li> <li><a target="_parent" href="/about/accessibility">Accessibility</a></li> <li><a target="_parent" href="/website-feedback">Website Feedback</a></li> <li><a target="_parent" href="/sitemap">Sitemap</a></li> </ul></div> </div> <div class="megafooter-socialmedia megafooter-block"> <div class="d-flex flex-wrap align-items-end justify-content-end"> <span>Follow APA</span> <ul class="socialmedia-items d-flex"> <li> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/american-psychological-association" target="_blank" title="Join us on LinkedIn" aria-label="Join us on LinkedIn" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"> <svg class="svg-inline--fa fa-linkedin" aria-labelledby="svg-inline--fa-title-17l4b62nQnJI" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="linkedin" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512" data-fa-i2svg=""><title id="svg-inline--fa-title-17l4b62nQnJI">Join us on LinkedIn</title><path fill="currentColor" d="M416 32H31.9C14.3 32 0 46.5 0 64.3v383.4C0 465.5 14.3 480 31.9 480H416c17.6 0 32-14.5 32-32.3V64.3c0-17.8-14.4-32.3-32-32.3zM135.4 416H69V202.2h66.5V416zm-33.2-243c-21.3 0-38.5-17.3-38.5-38.5S80.9 96 102.2 96c21.2 0 38.5 17.3 38.5 38.5 0 21.3-17.2 38.5-38.5 38.5zm282.1 243h-66.4V312c0-24.8-.5-56.7-34.5-56.7-34.6 0-39.9 27-39.9 54.9V416h-66.4V202.2h63.7v29.2h.9c8.9-16.8 30.6-34.5 62.9-34.5 67.2 0 79.7 44.3 79.7 101.9V416z"></path></svg> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/apa_org/" target="_blank" title="Instagram" aria-label="Instagram" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"> <svg class="svg-inline--fa fa-square-instagram" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="square-instagram" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512" data-fa-i2svg=""><path fill="currentColor" d="M224,202.66A53.34,53.34,0,1,0,277.36,256,53.38,53.38,0,0,0,224,202.66Zm124.71-41a54,54,0,0,0-30.41-30.41c-21-8.29-71-6.43-94.3-6.43s-73.25-1.93-94.31,6.43a54,54,0,0,0-30.41,30.41c-8.28,21-6.43,71.05-6.43,94.33S91,329.26,99.32,350.33a54,54,0,0,0,30.41,30.41c21,8.29,71,6.43,94.31,6.43s73.24,1.93,94.3-6.43a54,54,0,0,0,30.41-30.41c8.35-21,6.43-71.05,6.43-94.33S357.1,182.74,348.75,161.67ZM224,338a82,82,0,1,1,82-82A81.9,81.9,0,0,1,224,338Zm85.38-148.3a19.14,19.14,0,1,1,19.13-19.14A19.1,19.1,0,0,1,309.42,189.74ZM400,32H48A48,48,0,0,0,0,80V432a48,48,0,0,0,48,48H400a48,48,0,0,0,48-48V80A48,48,0,0,0,400,32ZM382.88,322c-1.29,25.63-7.14,48.34-25.85,67s-41.4,24.63-67,25.85c-26.41,1.49-105.59,1.49-132,0-25.63-1.29-48.26-7.15-67-25.85s-24.63-41.42-25.85-67c-1.49-26.42-1.49-105.61,0-132,1.29-25.63,7.07-48.34,25.85-67s41.47-24.56,67-25.78c26.41-1.49,105.59-1.49,132,0,25.63,1.29,48.33,7.15,67,25.85s24.63,41.42,25.85,67.05C384.37,216.44,384.37,295.56,382.88,322Z"></path></svg> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/theapavideo" target="_blank" title="Videos from APA on YouTube" aria-label="Videos from APA on YouTube" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"> <svg class="svg-inline--fa fa-square-youtube" aria-labelledby="svg-inline--fa-title-YVOEJlE2Z05J" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="square-youtube" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512" data-fa-i2svg=""><title id="svg-inline--fa-title-YVOEJlE2Z05J">Videos from APA on YouTube</title><path fill="currentColor" d="M186.8 202.1l95.2 54.1-95.2 54.1V202.1zM448 80v352c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H48c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V80c0-26.5 21.5-48 48-48h352c26.5 0 48 21.5 48 48zm-42 176.3s0-59.6-7.6-88.2c-4.2-15.8-16.5-28.2-32.2-32.4C337.9 128 224 128 224 128s-113.9 0-142.2 7.7c-15.7 4.2-28 16.6-32.2 32.4-7.6 28.5-7.6 88.2-7.6 88.2s0 59.6 7.6 88.2c4.2 15.8 16.5 27.7 32.2 31.9C110.1 384 224 384 224 384s113.9 0 142.2-7.7c15.7-4.2 28-16.1 32.2-31.9 7.6-28.5 7.6-88.1 7.6-88.1z"></path></svg> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/AmericanPsychologicalAssociation" target="_blank" title="Follow us on Facebook" aria-label="Follow us on Facebook" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"> <svg class="svg-inline--fa fa-square-facebook" aria-labelledby="svg-inline--fa-title-xg8blDzqiENZ" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="square-facebook" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512" data-fa-i2svg=""><title id="svg-inline--fa-title-xg8blDzqiENZ">Follow us on Facebook</title><path fill="currentColor" d="M400 32H48A48 48 0 0 0 0 80v352a48 48 0 0 0 48 48h137.25V327.69h-63V256h63v-54.64c0-62.15 37-96.48 93.67-96.48 27.14 0 55.52 4.84 55.52 4.84v61h-31.27c-30.81 0-40.42 19.12-40.42 38.73V256h68.78l-11 71.69h-57.78V480H400a48 48 0 0 0 48-48V80a48 48 0 0 0-48-48z"></path></svg> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.threads.net/@apa_org" target="_blank" title="Threads" aria-label="Threads" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"> <svg class="svg-inline--fa fa-square-threads" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="square-threads" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512" data-fa-i2svg=""><path fill="currentColor" d="M64 32C28.7 32 0 60.7 0 96V416c0 35.3 28.7 64 64 64H384c35.3 0 64-28.7 64-64V96c0-35.3-28.7-64-64-64H64zM294.2 244.3c19.5 9.3 33.7 23.5 41.2 40.9c10.4 24.3 11.4 63.9-20.2 95.4c-24.2 24.1-53.5 35-95.1 35.3h-.2c-46.8-.3-82.8-16.1-106.9-46.8C91.5 341.8 80.4 303.7 80 256v-.1-.1c.4-47.7 11.5-85.7 33-113.1c24.2-30.7 60.2-46.5 106.9-46.8h.2c46.9 .3 83.3 16 108.2 46.6c12.3 15.1 21.3 33.3 27 54.4l-26.9 7.2c-4.7-17.2-11.9-31.9-21.4-43.6c-19.4-23.9-48.7-36.1-87-36.4c-38 .3-66.8 12.5-85.5 36.2c-17.5 22.3-26.6 54.4-26.9 95.5c.3 41.1 9.4 73.3 26.9 95.5c18.7 23.8 47.4 36 85.5 36.2c34.3-.3 56.9-8.4 75.8-27.3c21.5-21.5 21.1-47.9 14.2-64c-4-9.4-11.4-17.3-21.3-23.3c-2.4 18-7.9 32.2-16.5 43.2c-11.4 14.5-27.7 22.4-48.4 23.5c-15.7 .9-30.8-2.9-42.6-10.7c-13.9-9.2-22-23.2-22.9-39.5c-1.7-32.2 23.8-55.3 63.5-57.6c14.1-.8 27.3-.2 39.5 1.9c-1.6-9.9-4.9-17.7-9.8-23.4c-6.7-7.8-17.1-11.8-30.8-11.9h-.4c-11 0-26 3.1-35.6 17.6l-23-15.8c12.8-19.4 33.6-30.1 58.5-30.1h.6c41.8 .3 66.6 26.3 69.1 71.8c1.4 .6 2.8 1.2 4.2 1.9l.1 .5zm-71.8 67.5c17-.9 36.4-7.6 39.7-48.8c-8.8-1.9-18.6-2.9-29-2.9c-3.2 0-6.4 .1-9.6 .3c-28.6 1.6-38.1 15.5-37.4 27.9c.9 16.7 19 24.5 36.4 23.6l-.1-.1z"></path></svg> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.twitter.com/apa" target="_blank" title="Follow us on X (formerly Twitter)" aria-label="Follow us on X (formerly Twitter)" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"> <svg class="svg-inline--fa fa-square-x-twitter" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="square-x-twitter" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512" data-fa-i2svg=""><path fill="currentColor" d="M64 32C28.7 32 0 60.7 0 96V416c0 35.3 28.7 64 64 64H384c35.3 0 64-28.7 64-64V96c0-35.3-28.7-64-64-64H64zm297.1 84L257.3 234.6 379.4 396H283.8L209 298.1 123.3 396H75.8l111-126.9L69.7 116h98l67.7 89.5L313.6 116h47.5zM323.3 367.6L153.4 142.9H125.1L296.9 367.6h26.3z"></path></svg> </a> </li> <li> <a href="/rss" target="_blank" title="RSS Feeds" aria-label="RSS Feeds" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"> <svg class="svg-inline--fa fa-square-rss" aria-labelledby="svg-inline--fa-title-BvyQKlkkGnvj" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="square-rss" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512" data-fa-i2svg=""><title id="svg-inline--fa-title-BvyQKlkkGnvj">RSS Feeds</title><path fill="currentColor" d="M64 32C28.7 32 0 60.7 0 96V416c0 35.3 28.7 64 64 64H384c35.3 0 64-28.7 64-64V96c0-35.3-28.7-64-64-64H64zM96 136c0-13.3 10.7-24 24-24c137 0 248 111 248 248c0 13.3-10.7 24-24 24s-24-10.7-24-24c0-110.5-89.5-200-200-200c-13.3 0-24-10.7-24-24zm0 96c0-13.3 10.7-24 24-24c83.9 0 152 68.1 152 152c0 13.3-10.7 24-24 24s-24-10.7-24-24c0-57.4-46.6-104-104-104c-13.3 0-24-10.7-24-24zm0 120a32 32 0 1 1 64 0 32 32 0 1 1 -64 0z"></path></svg> </a> </li> </ul> <div class="socialmedia-more"> <a href="/about/social-media" title="more social media link">more</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="megafooter-row shorter-row copyrights"> <div class="container"> <section class="copyright"> <div class="wysiwyg"><p><a target="_parent" href="/about/contact/copyright"> <strong style="text-decoration: underline;">© 2025 American Psychological Association</strong> </a> <br>750 First St. NE, Washington, DC 20002-4242 <br>Telephone: (800) 374-2721; (202) 336-5500 | TDD/TTY: (202) 336-6123</p></div> </section> <figure class="back-to-top"> <a href="javascript:void(0)" id="back-to-top"> <svg title="Back to top" class="svg-inline--fa fa-chevron-up fa-w-14" aria-labelledby="svg-inline--fa-title-sLQwkvREfMhB" data-prefix="far" data-icon="chevron-up" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512" data-fa-i2svg=""><title id="svg-inline--fa-title-sLQwkvREfMhB">Back to top</title><path fill="currentColor" d="M6.101 359.293L25.9 379.092c4.686 4.686 12.284 4.686 16.971 0L224 198.393l181.13 180.698c4.686 4.686 12.284 4.686 16.971 0l19.799-19.799c4.686-4.686 4.686-12.284 0-16.971L232.485 132.908c-4.686-4.686-12.284-4.686-16.971 0L6.101 342.322c-4.687 4.687-4.687 12.285 0 16.971z"></path></svg> </a> </figure> </div> </div> </footer> <div id="ie-margin-fix"> </div> </div> <div id="rwdOverlayMask" class="rwdOverlayMask" onclick="javascript:hideMask('rwdOverlayMask','overlayMask');"></div> <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "http://schema.org", "@type": "Periodical", "url": "https://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/jpn", "editor": [{"@type": "Person","name":"Reynolds, Cecil R."}], "inLanguage": "English", "publisher": {"@type": "Organization", "name": "American Academy of Pediatric Neuropsychology"}, "name": "Journal of Pediatric Neuropsychology", "issn": ["2199-2681", "2199-2673"], "datecreated": "2024-07-16", "thumbnailURL": "https://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/images/jpn-100.gif" } </script> <script defer src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jqueryui/1.12.1/jquery-ui.min.js"></script> <script>window.jQuery.ui || document.write('<script defer src="/js/vendor/jquery-ui.js"><\/script>')</script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/css/dist/print.min.css?v=25.2" media="print" tabindex="-1"> <script async src="/js/vendor/hammer.min.js"></script> <script defer src="/js/dist/global.min.js?v=25.2"></script> <script defer src="/js/dist/rwdTabs.min.js?v=25.2"></script> <script data-search-pseudo-elements defer src="/js/vendor/apafa.min.js?v=25.2"></script>  <script>myApaUrl="https://my.apa.org";</script> <script src="/js/dist/myapa.min.js?v=25.2"></script>  <script type="text/plain" class="optanon-category-C0005"> (function () { var twitterWidgets = document.createElement('script'); twitterWidgets.type = 'text/javascript'; twitterWidgets.async = true; twitterWidgets.src = 'https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js'; document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(twitterWidgets); })(); </script>  <script type="text/plain" data-pageid="329710" data-defaultevent="visit" src="/js/dist/insights.min.js?v=25.2" class="optanon-category-C0002"></script> <script defer src="/scripts/jquery.validate.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script defer src="/scripts/jquery.validate.unobtrusive.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script defer src="/scripts/jquery.unobtrusive-ajax.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script defer src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bootstrap-3-typeahead/4.0.2/bootstrap3-typeahead.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script defer id="typeahead" type="text/javascript"> jQuery(document).ready(function () { jQuery("#query").typeahead({ autoSelect: false, source: function (term, process) { var allowedTypeahead = jQuery('#in').find(':selected').data('typeahead') ? true : false; if (!allowedTypeahead || term.length < 3) return; var terms = []; return jQuery.get('/api/typeahead?term=' + term, function (data) { jQuery.each(data, function (i, item) { terms.push(item); }); process(terms); }); }, afterSelect: function () { jQuery('#search').submit(); }, highlighter: function (item) { var html = jQuery('<div></div>'); var query = this.query; var i = item.toLowerCase().indexOf(query.toLowerCase()); var len = query.length; var leftPart; var middlePart; var rightPart; var strong; if (len === 0) { return html.text(item).html(); } while (i > -1) { leftPart = item.substr(0, i); middlePart = item.substr(i, len); rightPart = item.substr(i + len); strong = jQuery('<span></span>').text(middlePart); html .append(document.createTextNode(leftPart)) .append(strong); item = rightPart; i = item.toLowerCase().indexOf(query.toLowerCase()); } return html.append(document.createTextNode(item)).html(); } }).on('keyup', this, function (e) { if (e.key === 'Enter' || e.keyCode === 13) { jQuery('#input').typeahead('close'); jQuery('#search').submit(); } if (!e.shiftKey && (e.key === 'Tab' || e.keyCode === 9 || e.which === 9)) { var val = jQuery('.typeahead.dropdown-menu li:first').find('a').text(); jQuery('.typeahead.dropdown-menu li:first').addClass('active'); if (val) { jQuery("#query").val(val).text(val).change(); jQuery('#input').typeahead('close'); jQuery('#search').submit(); } } }); jQuery('#in').change(function () { jQuery('#query').typeahead('setQuery', ''); }); }); </script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function () { jQuery("#accordion210_").accordion({ header: "div.accordion_title", collapsible: true, active: false, heightStyle: "content" }); var itemNumber = ""; itemNumber = parseInt(getQueryParam("tab")) || 0; if (itemNumber != "") { if (itemNumber > 0) itemNumber = itemNumber - 1; jQuery("#accordion210_").accordion("option", "active", itemNumber); } jQuery(".toc_link").on("click", function () { var header = jQuery("#(accordion210_)").find("." + jQuery(this).attr("id")); header.click(); }); if (navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase().includes('firefox')) { if (jQuery('.featureRichItem:has(.accordion)') && jQuery('.featureRichItem:has(.accordion)').css('float') != 'none') { jQuery('.featureRichItem:has(.accordion)').css('float', 'none'); } } }); </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_Incapsula_Resource?SWJIYLWA=719d34d31c8e3a6e6fffd425f7e032f3&ns=2&cb=2068244876" async></script></body> </html>

CINXE.COM

Journal of Pediatric Neuropsychology