CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charSet="utf-8"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width"/><title>Authors | Practical Neurology</title><meta property="robots" content="index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1"/><link rel="canonical" href="/pages/authors" /><meta property="og:locale" content="en_US"/><meta property="og:type" content="article"/><meta property="og:title" content="Authors | Practical Neurology"/><meta property="og:url" content="https://pn.bmj.com/pages/authors"/><meta property="og:site_name" content="Practical Neurology"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://pn.bmj.com/pn/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/12/94bm3OnO_400x400.jpeg"/><meta property="og:image:width" content="298"/><meta property="og:image:height" content="298"/><meta property="twitter:image" content="https://pn.bmj.com/pn/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/12/94bm3OnO_400x400.jpeg"/><meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-11-12T14:12:21+00:00"/><meta property="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/><meta name="next-head-count" content="16"/><link rel="shortcut icon" href="/next-resources/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /><link rel="preconnect dns-prefetch" href="https://analytics.bmj.com" /><link rel="preconnect dns-prefetch" href="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net" /><link rel="preconnect dns-prefetch" href="https://cdn-eu.pagesense.io" /><link rel="preconnect dns-prefetch" href="https://popup.wisepops.com" /><link rel="preconnect dns-prefetch" href="https://www.medtargetsystem.com" /><link rel="preload" href="https://cookie-cdn.cookiepro.com/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js" as="script" /><script async="" src="https://cookie-cdn.cookiepro.com/scripttemplates/otSDKStub.js" type="text/javascript" charSet="UTF-8" data-domain-script="565e50dd-f6e9-46d6-91cd-5c40a270264f" id="cookie-pro-script"></script><script id="otb-ads-consent">function OnetrustAdsConsent() { if (window.googletag && window.googletag.apiReady) { googletag.pubads().disableInitialLoad(); googletag.pubads().setPrivacySettings({nonPersonalizedAds:!!OptanonActiveGroups.match(/,4,/)}); googletag.pubads().refresh(); } else { setTimeout(OnetrustAdsConsent, 1000); } } function OptanonWrapper() { OnetrustAdsConsent(); }</script><link data-next-font="" rel="preconnect" href="/" crossorigin="anonymous" /><link rel="preload" href="/_next/static/css/94f3e0744aea443c.css" as="style" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_next/static/css/94f3e0744aea443c.css" data-n-g="" /><noscript data-n-css=""></noscript><script defer="" nomodule="" src="/_next/static/chunks/polyfills-78c92fac7aa8fdd8.js"></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/webpack-8fa1640cc84ba8fe.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/framework-6dd3bf7463386647.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/main-5fb8d0ea633842f8.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/pages/_app-2fde880245cd8c78.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/pages/pages/authors-9d2a74bb0a4aec22.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/CeuHwKqscrhsnVKsf6e3N/_buildManifest.js" defer=""></script><script src="/_next/static/CeuHwKqscrhsnVKsf6e3N/_ssgManifest.js" defer=""></script><script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function parseCookies() { let cookieHeader = document.cookie || ""; let cookies = Object.fromEntries( cookieHeader.split("; ").map((c) => c.split("=")) ); for (let key in cookies) { if (cookies[key] === "undefined") { cookies[key] = undefined; } } return cookies; } function uuidv4() { var d = new Date().getTime(); //Timestamp var d2 = (typeof performance !== "undefined" && performance.now && performance.now() * 1000) || 0; //Time in microseconds since page-load or 0 if unsupported return "xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx".replace(/[xy]/g, function (c) { var r = Math.random() * 16; //random number between 0 and 16 if (d > 0) { //Use timestamp until depleted r = (d + r) % 16 | 0; d = Math.floor(d / 16); } else { //Use microseconds since page-load if supported r = (d2 + r) % 16 | 0; d2 = Math.floor(d2 / 16); } return (c === "x" ? r : (r & 0x3) | 0x8).toString(16); }); } function handleCookie() { let cookies = parseCookies(); let bmj_uuid = cookies.bmj_uuid; if (!bmj_uuid) { bmj_uuid = uuidv4(); cookies.bmj_uuid = bmj_uuid; } return { bmj_uuid }; } let { bmj_uuid } = handleCookie(); let bmj_ppid = parseCookies().bmj_ppid; const anonMailId = "e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855"; let nonAnonMailId = window.dataLayer.find((item) => item.user)?.user?.mail === anonMailId ? null : window.dataLayer.find((item) => item.user)?.user?.mail; let userId = dataLayer.find((item) => item.user)?.user?.["data-ics"] ?? (dataLayer.find((item) => item.user)?.user?.mail && nonAnonMailId) ?? bmj_ppid ?? bmj_uuid; document.cookie = "bmj_ppid=" + userId + "; domain=.bmj.com; path=/; max-age=31622400; SameSite=None; Secure"; document.cookie = "bmj_uuid=" + bmj_uuid + "; domain=.bmj.com; path=/; max-age=31622400; SameSite=None; Secure"; var googletag = googletag || { cmd: [] }; googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.pubads().setPublisherProvidedId(userId); googletag.enableServices(); }); window.dataLayer.push({ bmj_uuid: bmj_uuid, }); </script> </head><body><div id="__next"><div class="overflow-hidden"><div class="border-b-bmj-silver-100 border-b bg-bmj-siver-30 flex items-center justify-center py-3 min-w-[auto] min-h-[100px] md:min-h-[250px]"><div id="div-gpt-ad-3321227-1" data-testid="top-ad-slot" class="flex items-center justify-center w-[auto] h-[100px] md:h-[250px]"></div></div><header class="mt-2 mb-2 hidden flex-wrap items-center justify-between px-4 md:flex md:flex-nowrap" data-testid="header-panel"><a href="https://journals.bmj.com" class="p-0 flex items-center"><img data-testid="bmj-journals-logo" alt="BMJ Journals logo" loading="lazy" width="154" height="42" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" style="color:transparent" src="/_next/static/media/logo-bmj-journals.c2a2899be06382c530c7bc1e5d61e633.svg" /></a><nav class="flex flex-wrap items-center justify-between md:flex-nowrap"><a href="/pages/subscribe/" data-testid="subscribe" class="bg-bmj-primary-brand p-2.5 text-white md:hidden lg:block py-1.2rem mr-2 px-2 font-bold leading-normal decoration-0">Subscribe</a><a href="/user" data-testid="login" class="text-bmj-silver-800 hover:bg-bmj-silver-10 py-[1.3rem] md:hidden lg:block py-1.2rem mr-2 px-2 font-bold leading-normal decoration-0">Login</a><div data-testid="search-box" class="flex w-72 flex-col bg-white/20 p-2 pr-4 md:w-[343px] md:flex-row md:items-start md:p-0 md:pr-0 undefined"><form role="search" method="post" action="/search" class="flex undefined"><input type="textbox" placeholder="search" name="keywords" title="Search for:" class="border-bmj-silver-100 rounded-0 h-[34px] w-[207px] appearance-none border p-[5px] pl-[10px] align-middle text-[14px] undefined"/><button type="submit" name="op" class="bg-bmj-siver-30 border-bmj-silver-100 rounded-0 ml-[-4px] h-[34px] appearance-none border py-[1px] pl-[10px] pr-[12px] text-[13.33px] undefined">Search</button><input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="highwire_search_quicksearch_form_1"/></form><div class="flex justify-start pl-[5px] pt-[3px] text-left md:justify-end undefined"><a href="/search" title="Advanced Search" class="decoration-none lg:text-bmj-blue-500 mt-2 flex flex-row text-[12.75px] leading-[normal] md:mt-0 md:flex-col [&>:first-of-type]:mr-1 undefined"><span>Advanced</span><span>search</span></a></div></div></nav></header><div data-testid="page-with-menu" class=" transition-margin-left relative m-0 mx-auto min-h-[512px] w-full min-w-0 duration-300 [&.panel-enter-active]:ml-[-15.625rem] [&.panel-enter-done]:ml-[-15.625rem] [&.panel-enter]:ml-0 [&.panel-exit-active]:ml-0 [&.panel-exit-done]:ml-0 [&.panel-exit]:ml-[-15.625rem]"><div class=""><div data-testid="top-menu-container" role="presentation" class="bg-bmj-primary-brand m-0 mx-auto h-[3.5625rem] w-full min-w-0 md:h-[4.375rem]"><nav role="navigation" class="relative m-0 mx-auto flex h-full w-full min-w-0 justify-between pl-4 pr-0"><div class="w-1/2 md:w-1/5 bg-bmj-primary-brand m-0 flex min-w-0 items-center"><a href="/" class="flex h-full w-full items-center"><img data-testid="top-menu-logo" src="/next-resources/logo.svg" alt="logo" class="h-auto w-full" /></a></div><div class=" bg-bmj-primary-brand m-0 flex min-w-0 items-center"><div class="hidden h-full lg:flex"><a class="decoration-none text-4.25 rounded-0 text-bmj-white [&:hover]:md:bg-bmj-white/20 flex h-full cursor-pointer items-center whitespace-nowrap border-0 bg-transparent px-2 py-4 font-sans leading-5 [&:focus-visible]:outline-none [&:last-child]:pr-4 [&.is-active]:bg-white/20" href="/content/early/recent" data-testid="120">Latest content</a><a class="decoration-none text-4.25 rounded-0 text-bmj-white [&:hover]:md:bg-bmj-white/20 flex h-full cursor-pointer items-center whitespace-nowrap border-0 bg-transparent px-2 py-4 font-sans leading-5 [&:focus-visible]:outline-none [&:last-child]:pr-4 [&.is-active]:bg-white/20" href="/content/current" data-testid="121">Current issue</a><a class="decoration-none text-4.25 rounded-0 text-bmj-white [&:hover]:md:bg-bmj-white/20 flex h-full cursor-pointer items-center whitespace-nowrap border-0 bg-transparent px-2 py-4 font-sans leading-5 [&:focus-visible]:outline-none [&:last-child]:pr-4 [&.is-active]:bg-white/20" href="/content/by/year" data-testid="122">Archive</a><a class="decoration-none text-4.25 rounded-0 text-bmj-white [&:hover]:md:bg-bmj-white/20 flex h-full cursor-pointer items-center whitespace-nowrap border-0 bg-transparent px-2 py-4 font-sans leading-5 [&:focus-visible]:outline-none [&:last-child]:pr-4 [&.is-active]:bg-white/20" href="/pages/authors/" data-testid="147">For authors</a><a class="decoration-none text-4.25 rounded-0 text-bmj-white [&:hover]:md:bg-bmj-white/20 flex h-full cursor-pointer items-center whitespace-nowrap border-0 bg-transparent px-2 py-4 font-sans leading-5 [&:focus-visible]:outline-none [&:last-child]:pr-4 [&.is-active]:bg-white/20" href="https://pnbmj.podbean.com" data-testid="148">Podcasts</a><a class="decoration-none text-4.25 rounded-0 text-bmj-white [&:hover]:md:bg-bmj-white/20 flex h-full cursor-pointer items-center whitespace-nowrap border-0 bg-transparent px-2 py-4 font-sans leading-5 [&:focus-visible]:outline-none [&:last-child]:pr-4 [&.is-active]:bg-white/20" href="/pages/about/" data-testid="149">About</a></div><div class="flex h-full lg:hidden"><button class=" md:hidden decoration-none text-background rounded-0 flex h-full cursor-pointer items-center whitespace-nowrap border-none bg-transparent px-2 py-4 font-sans leading-5 text-[4.25] [&:focus-visible]:outline-0 [&:hover]:bg-transparent [&:hover]:md:bg-white/20 [&:last-child]:pr-4"><img src="/next-resources/search.svg" alt="Search" width="36" height="36" /></button><button class=" decoration-none text-background rounded-0 flex h-full cursor-pointer items-center whitespace-nowrap border-none bg-transparent px-2 py-4 font-sans leading-5 text-[4.25] [&:focus-visible]:outline-0 [&:hover]:bg-transparent [&:hover]:md:bg-white/20 [&:last-child]:pr-4"><img src="/next-resources/hamburger-menu.svg" alt="Menu" width="36" height="36" /></button></div></div></nav></div><div class="mb-[36px] flex justify-between px-4 pt-2"><div><div data-testid="breadcrumbs"><span class="text-bmj-silver-600 text-sm font-normal not-italic leading-4" data-testid="ancestor-wrapper"><a class="decoration-none text-bmj-blue-500 text-sm font-normal [&:hover]:underline" data-testid="home" href="/">Home</a><span class="m-2">/</span></span><span class="text-bmj-silver-600 text-sm font-normal not-italic leading-4" data-testid="authors">Authors</span></div></div><a href="https://myaccount.bmj.com/myaccount/signup.html?regService=etoc-alerts&corpusCode=practneurol&fwdUrl=https://pn.bmj.com/" class="decoration-none text-bmj-blue-500 [&:hover]:text-bmj-primary-brand hidden md:inline-block"><div class="flex"><div class="mr-2 flex"><svg class="text-bmj-primary-brand h-4 w-8" data-testid="envelope-icon" viewBox="0 0 33 22" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M1 1H32V21H1V1Z" fill="white" stroke="currentColor"></path><path d="M31.9 20.8L21 9" stroke="currentColor"></path><path d="M1 20.5L11.8 9" stroke="currentColor"></path><mask id="path-4-inside-1" fill="white"><path d="M0.600098 0.700012L16.6001 13.4L32.4001 0.900012"></path></mask><path d="M16.6001 13.4L15.9784 14.1833L16.5991 14.6759L17.2205 14.1843L16.6001 13.4ZM-0.0216079 1.48326L15.9784 14.1833L17.2218 12.6168L1.2218 -0.0832389L-0.0216079 1.48326ZM17.2205 14.1843L33.0205 1.68426L31.7797 0.115765L15.9796 12.6158L17.2205 14.1843Z" fill="currentColor" mask="url(#path-4-inside-1)"></path></svg></div><span class="text-base leading-4" data-testid="email-alerts-link">Email alerts</span></div></a></div><main><div><section class="whitespace-pre-wrap pb-12 [&_p]:mb-4"><div class="authors"><div class="m-0 mx-auto w-full min-w-0 max-w-[77rem] px-4"><h1 data-testid="sections-page-title" class="mb-5">Authors</h1><div class="border-t-bmj-silver-100 bg-bmj-silver-10 mt-5 ml-auto mr-auto w-full min-w-0 overflow-hidden border-t-[0.1px] border-solid px-[0.9375rem] [&>div]:float-left" data-testid="ifora-container"><div class="m-0 ml-auto mr-auto w-full min-w-0" data-testid="ifora-index-panel"><div class="float-none m-0 ml-auto mr-auto w-full min-w-0 px-0 md:float-left md:w-[25%] md:px-[0.938rem]" data-testid="index-articles"><div class="mt-10 text-lg font-normal">Articles</div><ul class="!ml-0 !mt-2.5"><li class="mb-2.5 list-none leading-[1.7rem]"><a href="/pages/authors/#submission_guidelines">Submission guidelines</a></li><li class="mb-2.5 list-none leading-[1.7rem]"><a href="/pages/authors/#article_processing_charges">Article processing charges</a></li><li class="mb-2.5 list-none leading-[1.7rem]"><a href="/pages/authors/#waivers_and_discounts">Waivers and Discounts</a></li><li class="mb-2.5 list-none leading-[1.7rem]"><a href="/pages/authors/#preprints">Preprints</a></li></ul></div><div class="float-none m-0 ml-auto mr-auto w-full min-w-0 px-0 md:float-left md:w-[25%] md:px-[0.938rem]" data-testid="index-authors"><div class="mt-10 text-lg font-normal">Authors</div><ul class="!ml-0 !mt-2.5"><li class="mb-2.5 list-none leading-[1.7rem]"><a href="/pages/authors/#copyright_and_authors_rights">Copyright and authors’ rights</a></li><li class="mb-2.5 list-none leading-[1.7rem]"><a href="/pages/authors/#article_transfer_service">Article transfer service</a></li><li class="mb-2.5 list-none leading-[1.7rem]"><a href="/pages/authors/#rapid_responses">Rapid responses</a></li></ul></div><div class="float-none m-0 ml-auto mr-auto w-full min-w-0 px-0 md:float-left md:w-[25%] md:px-[0.938rem]" data-testid="index-journal-policy"><div class="mt-10 text-lg font-normal">Journal Policy</div><ul class="!ml-0 !mt-2.5"><li class="mb-2.5 list-none leading-[1.7rem]"><a href="/pages/authors/#editorial_policy">Editorial policy</a></li><li class="mb-2.5 list-none leading-[1.7rem]"><a href="/pages/authors/#peer_review">Peer review</a></li><li class="mb-2.5 list-none leading-[1.7rem]"><a href="/pages/authors/#overall_considerations">Overall considerations</a></li></ul></div></div><hr class="bg-bmj-silver-100 clear-both mx-0 block h-[0.0625rem] border-0 md:mx-[0.9375rem]"/><div class="items-[initial] my-0 mx-0 w-full min-w-0 pb-4 pt-4 md:mx-4 md:flex md:items-center" data-testid="ifora-metrics-panel"><div class="float-none w-full md:float-left md:w-[25%]"><a href="https://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/pn?_gl=1*19t1umj*_ga*MTQxOTk1MjIzMi4xNjYwNjMyNjUx*_ga_EXTSVLH45V*MTY3MDQ4NzcyMS4xMTUuMS4xNjcwNDg5MjYxLjI0LjAuMA..*_fplc*RzByQyUyQnZoNDNNUXFycnZueUdqcWthNm51NW9oM084M2JJeExyJTJGVFZiY1EyWTVtbUJlVmRkdndvSzZxYVFqSTdpTXpoZkd0V09DMkViMHMxZXJJd09PelUxd0Vhc0oxdTR4bHloNWhHdzcxVVp3OXJlayUyRlNYRWZlc2Nyc3l3JTNEJTNE"><button class="bg-bmj-primary-brand w-full cursor-pointer rounded-sm border-0 py-3 px-4 text-lg leading-6 text-white md:w-auto">Submit manuscript</button></a></div><div class="flex flex-col md:flex-row"><div class="text-bmj-silver-800 flex flex-col justify-between pt-5 pr-0 md:pt-0 md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:mr-1 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:text-base [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:text-base flex-wrap pb-0 md:flex-nowrap [&]:md:flex-col [&]:md:justify-between [&]:flex-row [&]:justify-start [&]:pl-0 [&]:md:pl-4" data-testid="117"><div>Time to first decision with review:</div><div>28 days (median)</div></div><div class="text-bmj-silver-800 flex flex-col justify-between pt-5 pr-0 md:pt-0 md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:mr-1 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:text-base [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:text-base flex-wrap pb-0 md:flex-nowrap [&]:md:flex-col [&]:md:justify-between [&]:flex-row [&]:justify-start [&]:pl-0 [&]:md:pl-4" data-testid="118"><div>Total content views:</div><div>1 million</div></div><div class="text-bmj-silver-800 flex flex-col justify-between pt-5 pr-0 md:pt-0 md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:mr-1 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:text-base [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:text-base flex-wrap pb-0 md:flex-nowrap [&]:md:flex-col [&]:md:justify-between [&]:flex-row [&]:justify-start [&]:pl-0 [&]:md:pl-4" data-testid="119"><div>Impact Factor:</div><div>2.7</div></div></div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-transparent" data-testid="sections-container-0"><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">Thank you for writing for <em>Practical Neurology.</em> Our journal differs from many others, so please read the notes below for advice on submitting your article, preferably before you spend time and effort doing so.</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-1"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Editorial policy<a id="editorial_policy" name="editorial_policy"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><em>Practical Neurology </em>adheres to the highest standards concerning its editorial policies on publication ethics, scientific misconduct, consent and peer review criteria. The journal follows guidance produced by bodies that include the <a href="http://publicationethics.org/">Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)</a>, the <a href="http://www.wame.org/">World Association of Medical Editors (WAME)</a> and the <a href="http://www.icmje.org/">International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE)</a>.To view all BMJ Journal policies please refer to the <a href="http://authors.bmj.com/policies/">BMJ Author Hub policies</a> page, including information about our <a href="https://authors.bmj.com/policies/editor-roles-responsibilities/">Editors’ roles and responsibilities.</a> We take seriously all possible misconduct. If an Editor, author or reader has concerns that a submitted article describes something that might be considered to constitute misconduct in research, publication or professional behaviour they should forward their concerns to the journal. The publisher will deal with allegations appropriately.</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-2"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Copyright and authors’ rights<a id="copyright_and_authors_rights" name="copyright_and_authors_rights"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">Articles are published under an exclusive licence or non-exclusive licence for UK Crown employees or where BMJ has agreed CC BY applies. For US Federal Government officers or employees acting as part of their official duties, the terms are as stated in accordance with our licence terms. Authors or their employers retain copyright. Open access articles can be reused under the terms of the relevant Creative Commons licence to facilitate reuse of the content; please refer to the <em>Practical Neurology</em><i> </i><a href="https://s16086.pcdn.co/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/BMJ_Journals_Combined_Author_Licence_2018.pdf">Author Licence</a> for the applicable Creative Commons licences. More information on <a href="https://authors.bmj.com/policies/copyright-and-authors-rights/">copyright and authors’ rights</a>. When publishing in <em>Practical Neurology</em>, authors choose between three licence types – exclusive licence granted to BMJ, <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/">CC-BY-NC</a> and <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC-BY</a> (Creative Commons open access licences require payment of an <a href="#article_publishing_charges">article processing charge</a>). As an author you may wish to post your article in an institutional or subject repository, or on a scientific social sharing network. You may also link your published article to your preprint (if applicable). What you can do with your article, without seeking permission, depends on the licence you have chosen and the version of your article. Please refer to the <a href="https://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/author-self-archiving-and-permissions/">BMJ author self archiving and permissions policies page</a> for more information.</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-3"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Preprints<a id="preprints" name="preprints"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">Preprints foster openness, accessibility and collaboration by allowing authors to make their findings immediately available to the research community and receive feedback on an article before it is submitted to a journal for formal publication. BMJ fully supports and encourages the archiving of preprints in any recognised, not-for-profit server such as <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/">medRxiv</a>. BMJ does not consider the posting of an article in a dedicated preprint repository to be prior publication. Preprints are reports of work that have not been peer-reviewed; Preprints should therefore not be used to guide clinical practice, health-related behaviour or health policy. For more information, please refer to our <a href="https://authors.bmj.com/policies/preprints/">Preprint policy page</a>.</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-4"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Peer review<a id="peer_review" name="peer_review"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[50.00%] [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:md:w-[50.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">Articles submitted to <em>Practical Neurology</em> are subject to peer review. The journal operates single anonymised peer review whereby the names of the reviewers are hidden from the author; usually two external reviewer reports are obtained before an Original research or Review article is accepted for publication. Manuscripts authored by a member of a journal’s editorial team are independently peer reviewed; an editor will have no input or influence on the peer review process or publication decision for their own article. We referee review articles and a few others where necessary, mostly in house or among the editorial board, unless we need to get additional expert advice. This is not anonymous, indeed we acknowledge the referees at the end of the articles. Our aim is not to reject your article but to improve on what you have written, to ask you questions if we don’t understand something, to make sure the length is right, and to keep our house style consistent. Occasionally it may be necessary to ask a scientific writer to rewrite a manuscript to improve readability. We understand how difficult it can be to write well if English is not your first language (and even if it is in some cases!). For more information on what to expect during the peer review process please refer to <a href="https://authors.bmj.com/after-submitting/peer-review-process/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">BMJ Author Hub – the peer review process</a>.</div><div data-testid="sections-column-1" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">BMJ requests that all reviewers adhere to a set of basic principles and standards during the peer-review process in research publication; these are based on the COPE Ethical Guidelines for Peer Reviewers. Please refer to our <a href="http://authors.bmj.com/policies/peer-review-terms-and-conditions/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">peer review terms and conditions policy page</a>. BMJ is committed to transparency. Every article we publish includes a description of its provenance (commissioned or not commissioned) and whether it was internally or externally peer reviewed. Plagiarism is the appropriation of the language, ideas or thoughts of another without crediting their true source and representation of them as one’s own original work. BMJ is a member of CrossCheck by CrossRef and iThenticate. iThenticate is a plagiarism screening service that verifies the originality of content submitted before publication. BMJ runs manuscripts through iThenticate during the peer review process. Authors, researchers and freelancers can also use iThenticate to screen their work before submission by visiting <a href="http://www.ithenticate.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">www.ithenticate.com</a>.</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-5"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Article transfer service<a id="article_transfer_service" name="article_transfer_service"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">BMJ is committed to ensuring that all good quality research is published. Our <a href="https://authors.bmj.com/after-submitting/bmj-transfer-service/">article transfer service</a> helps authors find the best journal for their research while providing an easy and smooth publication process. If authors agree to transfer their manuscript, all versions, supplementary files and peer reviewer comments are automatically transferred; there is no need to resubmit or reformat. Authors who submit to <em>Practical Neurology</em> and are rejected will be offered the option of transferring to another <a href="https://journals.bmj.com/">BMJ Journal</a>, such as <a href="https://bmjopen.bmj.com/"><i>BMJ Open</i></a>. Please note that the article transfer service does not guarantee acceptance but you should receive a quicker initial decision on your manuscript. Contact the Transfer Editor at transfers@bmj.com</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-6"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Overall considerations<a id="overall_considerations" name="overall_considerations"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Authorship</strong> For most papers authorship is straightforward. However, the number of authors on some of shorter papers types, such as case reports or image of the moment, has been increasing. For such short reports we would normally expect only one junior and one senior author from the lead department with single authors from collaborating departments where appropriate. Other members of the team can be acknowledged. <a href="http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/browse/roles-and-responsibilities/defining-the-role-of-authors-and-contributors.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ICMJE recommendations</a>.</div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-1"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Check with the editors first</strong> In general, papers in <em>Practical Neurology</em> are commissioned (particularly reviews), as this allows us to plan and balance our content. You should therefore consider writing to us about your idea before submission. An article already commissioned and not yet available to the readership may already cover your topic.To write to us, please find our contact details on the Editorial Board page <a href="/pages/editorial-board/">here</a>.</div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-2"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Language and Style</strong> Papers should follow <a href="/pn/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/12/PN_House_Style.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">‘Practical Neurology House Style’</a>.</div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-3"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Experienced clinician authors</strong> Readers of <em>Practical Neurology</em> put a lot of weight on an author’s clinical experience—especially when considering issues where evidence is limited. Less experienced authors should consider collaborating with more experienced clinicians to bring this perspective to their papers.</div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-4"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Not original research</strong> We aim to assemble evidence in an easily digestible form to help neurologists in their clinical practice. For this reason, and unlike many other journals, we do not publish original research.</div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-5"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Practically focused</strong> <em>Practical Neurology</em> aims to publish papers of practical value to busy clinical neurologists. Reviews need to be evidence-based and practically focused. Reports of clinical cases must have a clear message that might influence clinical practice. We welcome editorials, opinion pieces, ‘Test Yourself’ articles, fillers, and other article types but every paper does need to emphasise its practical value.</div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-6"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Rarities must have a practical value</strong> Other journals often look for the primacy of a first reported case. We prefer to emphasise conditions and situations that clinicians are likely to encounter in clinical practice and those rare treatable diseases that you would not want to miss. We prefer common to rare and treatable to untreatable.</div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-7"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Reviews are not just reviews</strong> Papers in <em>Practical Neurology</em> should not simply be a summary of a subject that could be gleaned from the literature. Rather they should be a critical and evidence-based review, with comments on the quality of the available evidence, built from the author’s practical experience. Reviews will often contain advice, based on experience, about what to do in situations not covered by available evidence (with appropriate rationale and caveats). Papers can be scientific, historical, artistic, political, etc., but must have relevance to clinical neurology.</div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-8"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Write with the reader in mind</strong> Please set out your text to make it attractive and readable. Consider breaking up the text with clinical vignettes; using bullet points, text boxes or diagrams to illustrate points.</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-7"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Article processing charges<a id="article_processing_charges" name="article_processing_charges"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">During submission, authors can choose to have their article published open access for 3,410 GBP (exclusive of VAT for UK and EU authors). There are no submission, page or colour figure charges.</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-8"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]"><a id="waivers_and_discounts" name="waivers_and_discounts"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><h2>Waivers and Discounts</h2> If authors choose to publish their article open access, an APC waiver may be available. Before applying for an APC waiver please consider: <strong>(1) Does your institution have an open access agreement with BMJ? </strong> If it does, then this may cover all or part of the APC for your article. <a href="https://authors.bmj.com/open-access/oa-agreements/">Check BMJ’s open access agreements page</a> to find out whether your institution is a member and what discounts you may be entitled to. <strong>(2) Have you received funding from a funder with an open access mandate or policy that covers paying APCs? </strong> If so, BMJ expects that the APC will be paid in full. If neither (1) nor (2) above apply then consider <strong>(3) Are all the authors of your article based in low-income countries*? </strong>If so, you are eligible to apply for a full or partial waiver from BMJ. Visit our <a href="//authors.bmj.com/open-access/fees-discounts/)">author hub</a> to learn more about our waivers policy and how to request one. Please note that regardless of the funding situation, authors can still choose to publish with us at no cost, and articles will be made available to our subscribers. *This list is reviewed annually and is based upon HINARI Core Offer Groups A and B, and the World Bank Country and Lending Groups.</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-9"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Rapid responses<a id="rapid_responses" name="rapid_responses"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">A rapid response is a moderated but not peer reviewed online response to a published article in <em>Practical Neurology</em>; it will not receive a DOI and will not be indexed. Find out more about responses and how to <a href="https://authors.bmj.com/after-submitting/rapid-responses/"><u>submit a response.</u></a></div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-10"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Submission guidelines<a id="submission_guidelines" name="submission_guidelines"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">Please review the below article type specifications including the required article lengths, illustrations, table limits and reference counts. The word count excludes the title page, abstract, tables, acknowledgements, contributions and references. Manuscripts should be as succinct as possible. Most <em>Practical Neurology</em> articles fall into one of the categories below. We will occasionally publish articles that defy this classification—if they are practical and interesting enough. For further support when making your submission please refer to the resources available on the <a href="http://authors.bmj.com/">BMJ Author Hub</a>. Here you will find information on <a href="http://authors.bmj.com/writing-and-formatting/formatting-your-paper/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">writing and formatting</a> your research through to the <a href="http://authors.bmj.com/after-submitting/your-papers-journey/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?q=http://authors.bmj.com/after-submitting/your-papers-journey/&source=gmail&ust=1556610990405000&usg=AFQjCNElte2G0xc9O5Q-BxbEByUAonmwtg">peer review process</a>. We encourage authors to ensure that research articles are written in accordance with the <a href="https://authors.bmj.com/before-you-submit/reporting-guidelines/">relevant research reporting guideline</a>. You may also wish to use the <a href="https://authors.bmj.com/before-you-submit/language-editing-services/">language editing and translation</a> services provided by <a href="https://authorservices.bmj.com/?utm_source=BMJ-pn1&utm_medium=Referral">BMJ Author Services</a>. <ul> <li><a href="#core_article_types">Core article types</a></li> <li><a href="#case_based_articles">Case based articles</a></li> <li><a href="#how_to_and_related_papers">“How to” and related papers</a></li> <li><a href="#occasional_papers">Occasional papers</a></li> <li><a href="#inhouse_articles">Inhouse articles</a></li> </ul></div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-11"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Core article types<a id="core_article_types" name="core_article_types"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Editorial</strong> An editorial addresses an issue of relevance to neurologists: therapeutic, political, social, ethical, economic, etc. Editorials must be relevant to our international readership and not simply to neurology in the United Kingdom. Maximum 800 words.</div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-1"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Review</strong> There are 2 or 3 major reviews in each issue. These are authoritative, evidence-based, stand-alone articles that are definitive and up-to-date (at least for a while). Ideally, they are based on systematic reviews of the evidence, though they are not in themselves “Cochrane style” systematic reviews. They are firmly directed at the practising neurologist and should be educational rather than dusty guidelines. Where there is no evidence to support a course of action, we should not be shy to say so. When something seems common sense or is based on experience, then again we should not be afraid to say so rather than dress it up in bogus pathophysiology. Whatever else, the reviews are practical in the sense of being useful to the ordinary neurologist seeing ordinary patients in ordinary clinical practice. They should elicit the exchange over coffee: “Have you seen the great review on … in Practical Neurology?” Please provide a 150-word (maximum) abstract for PubMed, and 4–5 Key Points at the end. Maximum 4000 words, no more than 40 references.</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-12"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Case based articles<a id="case_based_articles" name="case_based_articles"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[50.00%] [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:md:w-[50.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">Many of our papers are based on a clinical case or small number of cases. These can be categorised into one of the following article types, depending on the focus and message of the paper.</div><div data-testid="sections-column-1" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><div></div></div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-1"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>A difficult case</strong> We come across these cases all the time in our routine practice. Here we ask a neurologist to describe a real and difficult case, what the problems are, and how it should be managed. The difficulty might be in the diagnosis, management or both. For example, a patient with Guillain–Barré syndrome who does not respond to plasma exchange or intravenous immunoglobulin. These cases should have an instantly recognisable real life feel to them. If necessary, we will get a comment from an expert in the area under discussion. Please provide a 150-word (maximum) abstract for PubMed, and 4–5 Key Points at the end. Maximum 1500 words and 10 references.</div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-2"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Clinicopathological conference</strong> These are taken from—among other places—the Edinburgh Advanced Clinical Neurology Course. They are fairly straightforward verbatim accounts, put together by the contributors. They must have an answer to the diagnosis in the pathology, which might be a biopsy or better an autopsy. Please provide a 150-word (maximum) abstract for PubMed, and 4–5 Key Points at the end. Maximum 4000 words and 10 references.</div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-3"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Image of the moment</strong> Here we are looking for attractive, interesting and illuminating clinical photographs, perhaps of a physical sign, a fundus, imaging, etc. These are arranged in a collage above a paragraph or two describing a case, or the disorder. Maximum 500 words, 10 references and up to 4 high quality photographs. The editors may request a Key Messages box be added to the submission when appropriate.</div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-4"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Neurological rarities</strong> An unkind alternative title is “anorak corner”. The idea here is to succumb to neurologists’ fascination with rarities and to have short articles on diseases that we should know about but may never see. They could be based on real cases with a discussion of pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment. Please remember that, although it is a rare problem, it is important to emphasise its implication for clinical practice. Please provide a 150-word (maximum) abstract for PubMed, and 4–5 Key Points at the end. Maximum 1500 words and 10 references.</div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-5"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Test yourself</strong> This is a modestly interactive section where a case is presented in several parts, split up by maybe 2–6 questions to do with diagnosis and/or management. After each question there is an answer or comment to guide the reader along, and there might be a brief discussion at the end. Maximum 1500 words and 10 references.</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-13"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">“How to” and related papers<a id="how_to_and_related_papers" name="how_to_and_related_papers"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[50.00%] [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:md:w-[50.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">The title says it all. These papers are evidence based and practical.</div><div data-testid="sections-column-1" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><div></div></div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-1"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>How to do it</strong> The point is in the title—evidence-based, practical and sensible tips from people who know what they are doing. How they do it, in every day practice, and why they do it that way. Please provide a 150-word (maximum) abstract for PubMed, and 4–5 Key Points at the end. Maximum 2000 words and 2-4 suggestions for further reading (taken from the main reference list).</div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-2"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>How to understand it</strong> The point is in the title—we are looking for brief articles by experts to explain simply the sorts of things that neurologists should know something about but often don’t—for example: meta-analysis, PCR, Doppler ultrasound. Please provide a 150-word (maximum) abstract for PubMed, and 4–5 Key Points at the end. Maximum 2000 words and 2-4 suggestions for further reading (taken from the main reference list).</div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-3"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>What neurologists need to understand outside their own specialty</strong> Neurologists interact with many other specialists who request tests and do things that can be as mysterious to us as our tests and activities are to them. Here we try and demystify some of the things that are sometimes done on our “neurological” patients. What are they done for? How are they done? What are the risks? What is their usefulness? Please provide a 150-word (maximum) abstract for PubMed, and 4–5 Key Points at the end. Maximum 3000 words.</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-14"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Occasional papers<a id="occasional_papers" name="occasional_papers"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[50.00%] [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:md:w-[50.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">There are several other paper types that are of interest to practising neurologists.</div><div data-testid="sections-column-1" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><div></div></div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-1"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Neurological miscellany</strong> While most changes in neurological practice are rightly build on research findings, clinical trials and evidence based medicine some useful insights into clinical neurology for the practical neurologist can come from a wider range of sources. These would include reflections from the retired, neurological dilemmas, what got me into neurology, neurology and art or literature, or neurological history. Any such submissions would be considered on a case by case basis and should include something for the clinical neurologist. As with all Practical Neurology articles we favour clarity and brevity, and where appropriate levity.</div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-2"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Book club</strong> Unlike a conventional book review, we encourage reports from book club meetings in neurology departments. The book should be relevant to neurology and neurologists, but of broader interest too. The report needs to include any important practical messages for clinicians from the book and must make the reader want to order a copy immediately. Maximum 600 words and a high resolution image file of the book cover.</div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-3"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>A patient that changed my practice</strong> Essentially we are looking for cases where the author has learnt something really important that has affected his or her own practice forever more; maybe a mistake or a near miss. Whatever, the case will illuminate some corner of neurology and make us all better physicians. It will have the same attraction as the accounts of legal cases in the journals of the medical defence societies. Please provide a 150-word (maximum) abstract for PubMed, and 4–5 Key Points at the end. Maximum 1500 words.</div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-4"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Guideline summary</strong> There is a proliferation of guidelines and we may have occasional articles to guide people through this jungle. Rather than just re-stating the guideline, we are interested in a critical appraisal of how these will pan out in practice. Maximum 800 words and references only to the guidelines.</div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-5"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Me and my neurological illness</strong> It is incredibly illuminating to hear a patient’s own account of their illness, particularly if they have the insight of an expert, or are in some way well known (media, politician, writer, etc.). We ask people we know who have had, or have, some sort of neurological illness to contribute something to make us all better doctors. Maximum 800 words.</div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-6"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Neuroimaging</strong> These are well-illustrated helpful articles for neurologists on imaging strategies—and the relevant anatomy—for various places (e.g. the carotid bifurcation), diseases (e.g. cerebral vasculitis) or that tell a story in pictures (e.g. tuberous sclerosis). These articles are not for radiologists but for neurologists who may want to look at their own X-rays and who will certainly want to discuss them sensibly with their neuroradiological colleagues. Please provide a 150-word (maximum) abstract for PubMed, and 4–5 Key Points at the end. Maximum 3000 words.</div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-7"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Neurological sign</strong> Here we ask people to write about a physical sign (or symptom): what it indicates, how to elicit it, its validity, sensitivity and specificity, observer variation, etc. Please provide a 150-word (maximum) abstract for PubMed, and 4–5 Key Points at the end. Maximum 1500 words.</div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-8"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><p style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Neurological letter from… </strong>The model is the late Alistair Cook's “Letter from America” where the trick is to pick on some recent event or topic of interest, and discuss it in a light but serious way. The letter will be literary or political rather than scientific. It should appeal to the general reader who might like to know more of neurology and neurological things in other parts of the world. Maybe having read the letter the neurologist might even be tempted to go there. The most successful letters are not a list of how many neurologists and magnetic resonance scanners there are, or are not, in a particular place but more to do with the practice of neurology, and what makes it interesting or unique in that particular place. Max 800 words, and a photograph or two is an important touch.</p></div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-9"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Today’s ward round</strong> These articles include a picture or video and short piece of text outlining a clinical question. The answer to the question, along with an explanation will be included on the page overleaf. <strong>Page 1</strong> Up to 250 words to include the clinical question Picture or video with legend <strong>Page 2 (on reverse side of page 1)</strong> Up to 500 words giving answer and explanation 2-3 key points – 1 suggestion for additional reading.</div></div></div><div class="border-t-[1px] border-solid border-bmj-silver-100 mt-4" data-testid="sections-container-15"><h2 data-testid="sections-section-title" class="relative mb-0 [&>a]:absolute [&>a]:mt-[-20px]">Inhouse articles<a id="inhouse_articles" name="inhouse_articles"></a></h2><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[50.00%] [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(2)]:md:w-[50.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-0"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0">There are some fixtures in the journal written by us, but if you have potentially interesting contributions to these, we should be pleased to hear from you.</div><div data-testid="sections-column-1" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><div></div></div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-1"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Editors’ Choice</strong> Here the editors discuss the journal contents and highlight certain articles for special consideration.</div></div><div class=" text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre-wrap font-normal leading-[1.625rem] mt-0 flex flex-col md:mt-4 md:flex-row [&>div:last-of-type]:pr-0 [&>div]:mt-6 [&>div]:pr-0 [&>div]:md:mt-0 [&>div]:md:pr-4 [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:w-full [&>div:nth-of-type(1)]:md:w-[100.00%] " data-testid="sections-subsection-content-container-2"><div data-testid="sections-column-0" class="inline md:inline [&_h2]:mt-0"><strong>Carphology</strong> The word means “the movements of delirious patients, as if searching for imaginary objects, or picking the bedclothes” (Oxford Dictionary) (karphos = straw, legein = collect). These are short paragraphs, bits and pieces of this and that, mostly from the general medical journals —for example, snippets of gossip, results of major trials presented at meetings, etc. Maximum 800 words.</div></div></div></div></div></section></div></main></div></div><footer><div class="border-bmj-silver-100 border-t-solid m-0 ml-auto mr-auto flex w-full min-w-0 flex-wrap gap-4 border border-b-0 border-l-0 border-r-0 pl-4 pr-4"></div><div class="bg-bmj-primary-brand text-bmj-white m-0 mx-auto flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col px-4 md:flex-row"><div data-testid="footer-content" class="md:border-b-none [&:last-child]:border-b-none m-0 ml-auto mr-auto w-full min-w-0 border-b-[1px] border-b-white/50 pr-6 pt-5 pb-4 md:pt-8 md:pb-8"><span class="mt-0 mb-5 block text-base font-normal uppercase leading-4">CONTENT</span><ul class="ml-0 mb-4 pl-0"><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&:hover]:underline" href="/content/early/recent">Latest content</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&:hover]:underline" href="/content/current">Current issue</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&:hover]:underline" href="/content/by/year">Archive</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&:hover]:underline" href="/pages/browse-by-topic/">Browse by collection</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&:hover]:underline" href="/pages/top-cited-articles/">Top cited articles</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&:hover]:underline" href="/pages/most-read-articles/">Most read articles</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&:hover]:underline" href="/pn/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/12/PN_curriculum_060217.pdf">Curriculum Index</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&:hover]:underline" href="/eletters">Responses</a></li></ul><div class="flex"><a href="/pages/rss-feeds" data-testid="rss" class="[&>img]:m-[2px] [&>img]:p-[4px] [&>img]:hover:bg-white/20"><img src="https://resources.bmj.com/repository/journals-network-project/images/social-media/rss.svg" alt="rss-icon" width="35" height="35" /></a><a href="https://twitter.com/PracticalNeurol" data-testid="x" class="[&>img]:m-[2px] [&>img]:p-[4px] [&>img]:hover:bg-white/20"><img src="https://resources.bmj.com/repository/journals-network-project/images/social-media/x.svg" alt="x-icon" width="35" height="35" /></a><a href="https://facebook.com/JNNP.BMJ" data-testid="facebook" class="[&>img]:m-[2px] [&>img]:p-[4px] [&>img]:hover:bg-white/20"><img src="https://resources.bmj.com/repository/journals-network-project/images/social-media/facebook.svg" alt="facebook-icon" width="35" height="35" /></a><a href="http://blogs.bmj.com/jnnp?_gl=1*135yzr7*_ga*MTQxOTk1MjIzMi4xNjYwNjMyNjUx*_ga_EXTSVLH45V*MTY3MDQ4NzcyMS4xMTUuMS4xNjcwNDg4MzU5LjYwLjAuMA..*_fplc*RzByQyUyQnZoNDNNUXFycnZueUdqcWthNm51NW9oM084M2JJeExyJTJGVFZiY1EyWTVtbUJlVmRkdndvSzZxYVFqSTdpTXpoZkd0V09DMkViMHMxZXJJd09PelUxd0Vhc0oxdTR4bHloNWhHdzcxVVp3OXJlayUyRlNYRWZlc2Nyc3l3JTNEJTNE" data-testid="social-blogs" class="[&>img]:m-[2px] [&>img]:p-[4px] [&>img]:hover:bg-white/20"><img src="https://resources.bmj.com/repository/journals-network-project/images/social-media/social-blogs.svg" alt="social-blogs-icon" width="35" height="35" /></a><a href="https://pnbmj.podbean.com" data-testid="soundcloud" class="[&>img]:m-[2px] [&>img]:p-[4px] [&>img]:hover:bg-white/20"><img src="https://resources.bmj.com/repository/journals-network-project/images/social-media/soundcloud.svg" alt="soundcloud-icon" width="35" height="35" /></a></div></div><div data-testid="footer-journal" class="md:border-b-none [&:last-child]:border-b-none m-0 ml-auto mr-auto w-full min-w-0 border-b-[1px] border-b-white/50 pr-6 pt-5 pb-4 md:pt-8 md:pb-8"><span class="mt-0 mb-5 block text-base font-normal uppercase leading-4">JOURNAL</span><ul class="ml-0 mb-4 pl-0"><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&:hover]:underline" href="/pages/about/">About</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&:hover]:underline" href="/pages/editorial-board/">Editorial board</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&:hover]:underline" href="https://myaccount.bmj.com/myaccount/signup.html?regService=etoc-alerts&corpusCode=practneurol&fwdUrl=https://pn.bmj.com/&_gl=1*10qll1v*_ga*MTQxOTk1MjIzMi4xNjYwNjMyNjUx*_ga_EXTSVLH45V*MTY3MDQ4NzcyMS4xMTUuMS4xNjcwNDg4MzU5LjYwLjAuMA..*_fplc*RzByQyUyQnZoNDNNUXFycnZueUdqcWthNm51NW9oM084M2JJeExyJTJGVFZiY1EyWTVtbUJlVmRkdndvSzZxYVFqSTdpTXpoZkd0V09DMkViMHMxZXJJd09PelUxd0Vhc0oxdTR4bHloNWhHdzcxVVp3OXJlayUyRlNYRWZlc2Nyc3l3JTNEJTNE">Sign up for email alerts</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&:hover]:underline" href="/pages/subscribe/">Subscribe</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&:hover]:underline" href="/pages/thank-you-to-our-reviewers/">Thank you to our reviewers</a></li></ul><div class="flex"></div></div><div data-testid="footer-authors" class="md:border-b-none [&:last-child]:border-b-none m-0 ml-auto mr-auto w-full min-w-0 border-b-[1px] border-b-white/50 pr-6 pt-5 pb-4 md:pt-8 md:pb-8"><span class="mt-0 mb-5 block text-base font-normal uppercase leading-4">AUTHORS</span><ul class="ml-0 mb-4 pl-0"><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&:hover]:underline" href="/pages/authors/">Instructions for authors</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&:hover]:underline" href="https://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/pn?_gl=1*1ou2jbx*_ga*MTQxOTk1MjIzMi4xNjYwNjMyNjUx*_ga_EXTSVLH45V*MTY3MDQ4NzcyMS4xMTUuMS4xNjcwNDg4MzU5LjYwLjAuMA..*_fplc*RzByQyUyQnZoNDNNUXFycnZueUdqcWthNm51NW9oM084M2JJeExyJTJGVFZiY1EyWTVtbUJlVmRkdndvSzZxYVFqSTdpTXpoZkd0V09DMkViMHMxZXJJd09PelUxd0Vhc0oxdTR4bHloNWhHdzcxVVp3OXJlayUyRlNYRWZlc2Nyc3l3JTNEJTNE">Submit an article</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&:hover]:underline" href="https://authors.bmj.com/policies/?_gl=1*wp3iic*_ga*MTQxOTk1MjIzMi4xNjYwNjMyNjUx*_ga_EXTSVLH45V*MTY3MDQ4NzcyMS4xMTUuMS4xNjcwNDg4MzU5LjYwLjAuMA..*_fplc*RzByQyUyQnZoNDNNUXFycnZueUdqcWthNm51NW9oM084M2JJeExyJTJGVFZiY1EyWTVtbUJlVmRkdndvSzZxYVFqSTdpTXpoZkd0V09DMkViMHMxZXJJd09PelUxd0Vhc0oxdTR4bHloNWhHdzcxVVp3OXJlayUyRlNYRWZlc2Nyc3l3JTNEJTNE">Editorial policies</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&:hover]:underline" href="https://openaccess.bmj.com/?_gl=1*wp3iic*_ga*MTQxOTk1MjIzMi4xNjYwNjMyNjUx*_ga_EXTSVLH45V*MTY3MDQ4NzcyMS4xMTUuMS4xNjcwNDg4MzU5LjYwLjAuMA..*_fplc*RzByQyUyQnZoNDNNUXFycnZueUdqcWthNm51NW9oM084M2JJeExyJTJGVFZiY1EyWTVtbUJlVmRkdndvSzZxYVFqSTdpTXpoZkd0V09DMkViMHMxZXJJd09PelUxd0Vhc0oxdTR4bHloNWhHdzcxVVp3OXJlayUyRlNYRWZlc2Nyc3l3JTNEJTNE">Open access at BMJ</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&:hover]:underline" href="https://authors.bmj.com/?_gl=1*wp3iic*_ga*MTQxOTk1MjIzMi4xNjYwNjMyNjUx*_ga_EXTSVLH45V*MTY3MDQ4NzcyMS4xMTUuMS4xNjcwNDg4MzU5LjYwLjAuMA..*_fplc*RzByQyUyQnZoNDNNUXFycnZueUdqcWthNm51NW9oM084M2JJeExyJTJGVFZiY1EyWTVtbUJlVmRkdndvSzZxYVFqSTdpTXpoZkd0V09DMkViMHMxZXJJd09PelUxd0Vhc0oxdTR4bHloNWhHdzcxVVp3OXJlayUyRlNYRWZlc2Nyc3l3JTNEJTNE">BMJ Author Hub</a></li></ul><div class="flex"></div></div><div data-testid="footer-help" class="md:border-b-none [&:last-child]:border-b-none m-0 ml-auto mr-auto w-full min-w-0 border-b-[1px] border-b-white/50 pr-6 pt-5 pb-4 md:pt-8 md:pb-8"><span class="mt-0 mb-5 block text-base font-normal uppercase leading-4">HELP</span><ul class="ml-0 mb-4 pl-0"><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&:hover]:underline" href="/pages/contact-us/">Contact us</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&:hover]:underline" href="https://journals.bmj.com/cgi/reprintform?_gl=1*bxg9ve*_ga*MTQxOTk1MjIzMi4xNjYwNjMyNjUx*_ga_EXTSVLH45V*MTY3MDQ4NzcyMS4xMTUuMS4xNjcwNDg4MzU5LjYwLjAuMA..*_fplc*RzByQyUyQnZoNDNNUXFycnZueUdqcWthNm51NW9oM084M2JJeExyJTJGVFZiY1EyWTVtbUJlVmRkdndvSzZxYVFqSTdpTXpoZkd0V09DMkViMHMxZXJJd09PelUxd0Vhc0oxdTR4bHloNWhHdzcxVVp3OXJlayUyRlNYRWZlc2Nyc3l3JTNEJTNE">Reprints</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&:hover]:underline" href="https://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/permissions?_gl=1*1kgv2i0*_ga*MTQxOTk1MjIzMi4xNjYwNjMyNjUx*_ga_EXTSVLH45V*MTY3MDQ4NzcyMS4xMTUuMS4xNjcwNDg4MzU5LjYwLjAuMA..*_fplc*RzByQyUyQnZoNDNNUXFycnZueUdqcWthNm51NW9oM084M2JJeExyJTJGVFZiY1EyWTVtbUJlVmRkdndvSzZxYVFqSTdpTXpoZkd0V09DMkViMHMxZXJJd09PelUxd0Vhc0oxdTR4bHloNWhHdzcxVVp3OXJlayUyRlNYRWZlc2Nyc3l3JTNEJTNE">Permissions</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&:hover]:underline" href="https://www.bmj.com/company/for-advertisers-and-sponsor/?_gl=1*1kgv2i0*_ga*MTQxOTk1MjIzMi4xNjYwNjMyNjUx*_ga_EXTSVLH45V*MTY3MDQ4NzcyMS4xMTUuMS4xNjcwNDg4MzU5LjYwLjAuMA..*_fplc*RzByQyUyQnZoNDNNUXFycnZueUdqcWthNm51NW9oM084M2JJeExyJTJGVFZiY1EyWTVtbUJlVmRkdndvSzZxYVFqSTdpTXpoZkd0V09DMkViMHMxZXJJd09PelUxd0Vhc0oxdTR4bHloNWhHdzcxVVp3OXJlayUyRlNYRWZlc2Nyc3l3JTNEJTNE">Advertising</a></li><li class="mb-4 list-none leading-none [&:last-child]:mb-0"><a class="text-bmj-white leading-none no-underline [&:hover]:underline" href="https://myaccount.bmj.com/myaccount/customerservice/salesforce-form.html?_gl=1*1kgv2i0*_ga*MTQxOTk1MjIzMi4xNjYwNjMyNjUx*_ga_EXTSVLH45V*MTY3MDQ4NzcyMS4xMTUuMS4xNjcwNDg4MzU5LjYwLjAuMA..*_fplc*RzByQyUyQnZoNDNNUXFycnZueUdqcWthNm51NW9oM084M2JJeExyJTJGVFZiY1EyWTVtbUJlVmRkdndvSzZxYVFqSTdpTXpoZkd0V09DMkViMHMxZXJJd09PelUxd0Vhc0oxdTR4bHloNWhHdzcxVVp3OXJlayUyRlNYRWZlc2Nyc3l3JTNEJTNE">Feedback form</a></li></ul><div class="flex"></div></div></div><div class="justify-normal m-0 mx-auto flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col px-4 pt-4 md:flex-row md:justify-between"><div class="relative h-[35px] w-[60px]"><a data-testid="bmj-footer-logo-link" href="https://www.bmj.com/company/"><img alt="bmj-footer-logo" loading="lazy" width="60" height="35" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" style="color:transparent" src="/_next/static/media/bmj-footer-logo.c6e1ad28003cb22dbd978555514ed05c.svg" /></a></div><div data-testid="copyright-data-wrapper" class="flex flex-col items-start md:items-end [&>:first-of-type]:mt-0 [&>span:nth-of-type(2)]:whitespace-normal"><a data-testid="website-terms-and-conditions" href="https://www.bmj.com/company/legal-information/" class="decoration-none text-bmj-normal text-bmj-blue-500 [&:hover]:decoration-none [&:hover]:text-bmj-primary-brand mb-2 [&&&]:mt-2 [&&&]:md:mt-0">Website Terms & Conditions</a><a data-testid="privacy-and-cookies" href="https://www.bmj.com/company/your-privacy/" class="decoration-none text-bmj-normal text-bmj-blue-500 [&:hover]:decoration-none [&:hover]:text-bmj-primary-brand mb-2 [&&&]:mt-2 [&&&]:md:mt-0">Privacy & Cookies</a><a data-testid="contact-bmj" href="https://www.bmj.com/company/contact-us/" class="decoration-none text-bmj-normal text-bmj-blue-500 [&:hover]:decoration-none [&:hover]:text-bmj-primary-brand mb-2 [&&&]:mt-2 [&&&]:md:mt-0">Contact BMJ</a><a href="#!" data-testid="cookie-settings" id="ot-sdk-btn" class="ot-sdk-show-settings decoration-none !mt:0 mb-2 cursor-pointer !border !border-[#43791A] !bg-transparent px-2 py-1 !text-[0.875rem] !text-[#43791A] duration-100 ease-linear md:mb-0 [&:hover]:!bg-[#43791A] [&:hover]:!text-white">Cookie settings</a><span data-testid="online-issn" class="text-bmj-silver-800 whitespace-pre text-sm leading-normal [&&&]:mt-2">Online ISSN: 1474-7766 Print ISSN: 1474-7758</span><span data-testid="copyright" class="text-bmj-silver-800 mb-2 mt-2 whitespace-pre text-[0.875rem]">Copyright © 2024 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. All rights reserved.</span></div></div></footer><div class="border-t-divider border-t bg-bmj-siver-30 flex items-center justify-center py-3 min-w-[auto] min-h-[100px] md:min-h-[250px]"><div id="div-gpt-ad-3321227-2" data-testid="bottom-ad-slot" class="flex items-center justify-center w-[auto] h-[100px] md:h-[250px]"></div></div></div></div><script id="__NEXT_DATA__" type="application/json">{"props":{"pageProps":{"navigationalFooter":{"navigationItems":{"items":[{"id":131,"title":"CONTENT","child_items":[{"id":132,"title":"Latest content","url":"/content/early/recent"},{"id":133,"title":"Current issue","url":"/content/current"},{"id":134,"title":"Archive","url":"/content/by/year"},{"id":135,"title":"Browse by collection","url":"/pages/browse-by-topic/"},{"id":136,"title":"Top cited articles","url":"/pages/top-cited-articles/"},{"id":137,"title":"Most read articles","url":"/pages/most-read-articles/"},{"id":138,"title":"Curriculum Index","url":"/pn/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/12/PN_curriculum_060217.pdf"},{"id":139,"title":"Responses","url":"/eletters"}],"hasSocialBar":true},{"id":151,"title":"JOURNAL","child_items":[{"id":152,"title":"About","url":"/pages/about/"},{"id":153,"title":"Editorial board","url":"/pages/editorial-board/"},{"id":154,"title":"Sign up for email alerts","url":"https://myaccount.bmj.com/myaccount/signup.html?regService=etoc-alerts\u0026corpusCode=practneurol\u0026fwdUrl=https://pn.bmj.com/\u0026_gl=1*10qll1v*_ga*MTQxOTk1MjIzMi4xNjYwNjMyNjUx*_ga_EXTSVLH45V*MTY3MDQ4NzcyMS4xMTUuMS4xNjcwNDg4MzU5LjYwLjAuMA..*_fplc*RzByQyUyQnZoNDNNUXFycnZueUdqcWthNm51NW9oM084M2JJeExyJTJGVFZiY1EyWTVtbUJlVmRkdndvSzZxYVFqSTdpTXpoZkd0V09DMkViMHMxZXJJd09PelUxd0Vhc0oxdTR4bHloNWhHdzcxVVp3OXJlayUyRlNYRWZlc2Nyc3l3JTNEJTNE"},{"id":155,"title":"Subscribe","url":"/pages/subscribe/"},{"id":156,"title":"Thank you to our reviewers","url":"/pages/thank-you-to-our-reviewers/"}]},{"id":157,"title":"AUTHORS","child_items":[{"id":158,"title":"Instructions for authors","url":"/pages/authors/"},{"id":159,"title":"Submit an article","url":"https://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/pn?_gl=1*1ou2jbx*_ga*MTQxOTk1MjIzMi4xNjYwNjMyNjUx*_ga_EXTSVLH45V*MTY3MDQ4NzcyMS4xMTUuMS4xNjcwNDg4MzU5LjYwLjAuMA..*_fplc*RzByQyUyQnZoNDNNUXFycnZueUdqcWthNm51NW9oM084M2JJeExyJTJGVFZiY1EyWTVtbUJlVmRkdndvSzZxYVFqSTdpTXpoZkd0V09DMkViMHMxZXJJd09PelUxd0Vhc0oxdTR4bHloNWhHdzcxVVp3OXJlayUyRlNYRWZlc2Nyc3l3JTNEJTNE"},{"id":160,"title":"Editorial policies","url":"https://authors.bmj.com/policies/?_gl=1*wp3iic*_ga*MTQxOTk1MjIzMi4xNjYwNjMyNjUx*_ga_EXTSVLH45V*MTY3MDQ4NzcyMS4xMTUuMS4xNjcwNDg4MzU5LjYwLjAuMA..*_fplc*RzByQyUyQnZoNDNNUXFycnZueUdqcWthNm51NW9oM084M2JJeExyJTJGVFZiY1EyWTVtbUJlVmRkdndvSzZxYVFqSTdpTXpoZkd0V09DMkViMHMxZXJJd09PelUxd0Vhc0oxdTR4bHloNWhHdzcxVVp3OXJlayUyRlNYRWZlc2Nyc3l3JTNEJTNE"},{"id":161,"title":"Open access at BMJ","url":"https://openaccess.bmj.com/?_gl=1*wp3iic*_ga*MTQxOTk1MjIzMi4xNjYwNjMyNjUx*_ga_EXTSVLH45V*MTY3MDQ4NzcyMS4xMTUuMS4xNjcwNDg4MzU5LjYwLjAuMA..*_fplc*RzByQyUyQnZoNDNNUXFycnZueUdqcWthNm51NW9oM084M2JJeExyJTJGVFZiY1EyWTVtbUJlVmRkdndvSzZxYVFqSTdpTXpoZkd0V09DMkViMHMxZXJJd09PelUxd0Vhc0oxdTR4bHloNWhHdzcxVVp3OXJlayUyRlNYRWZlc2Nyc3l3JTNEJTNE"},{"id":162,"title":"BMJ Author Hub","url":"https://authors.bmj.com/?_gl=1*wp3iic*_ga*MTQxOTk1MjIzMi4xNjYwNjMyNjUx*_ga_EXTSVLH45V*MTY3MDQ4NzcyMS4xMTUuMS4xNjcwNDg4MzU5LjYwLjAuMA..*_fplc*RzByQyUyQnZoNDNNUXFycnZueUdqcWthNm51NW9oM084M2JJeExyJTJGVFZiY1EyWTVtbUJlVmRkdndvSzZxYVFqSTdpTXpoZkd0V09DMkViMHMxZXJJd09PelUxd0Vhc0oxdTR4bHloNWhHdzcxVVp3OXJlayUyRlNYRWZlc2Nyc3l3JTNEJTNE"}]},{"id":163,"title":"HELP","child_items":[{"id":164,"title":"Contact us","url":"/pages/contact-us/"},{"id":165,"title":"Reprints","url":"https://journals.bmj.com/cgi/reprintform?_gl=1*bxg9ve*_ga*MTQxOTk1MjIzMi4xNjYwNjMyNjUx*_ga_EXTSVLH45V*MTY3MDQ4NzcyMS4xMTUuMS4xNjcwNDg4MzU5LjYwLjAuMA..*_fplc*RzByQyUyQnZoNDNNUXFycnZueUdqcWthNm51NW9oM084M2JJeExyJTJGVFZiY1EyWTVtbUJlVmRkdndvSzZxYVFqSTdpTXpoZkd0V09DMkViMHMxZXJJd09PelUxd0Vhc0oxdTR4bHloNWhHdzcxVVp3OXJlayUyRlNYRWZlc2Nyc3l3JTNEJTNE"},{"id":166,"title":"Permissions","url":"https://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/permissions?_gl=1*1kgv2i0*_ga*MTQxOTk1MjIzMi4xNjYwNjMyNjUx*_ga_EXTSVLH45V*MTY3MDQ4NzcyMS4xMTUuMS4xNjcwNDg4MzU5LjYwLjAuMA..*_fplc*RzByQyUyQnZoNDNNUXFycnZueUdqcWthNm51NW9oM084M2JJeExyJTJGVFZiY1EyWTVtbUJlVmRkdndvSzZxYVFqSTdpTXpoZkd0V09DMkViMHMxZXJJd09PelUxd0Vhc0oxdTR4bHloNWhHdzcxVVp3OXJlayUyRlNYRWZlc2Nyc3l3JTNEJTNE"},{"id":167,"title":"Advertising","url":"https://www.bmj.com/company/for-advertisers-and-sponsor/?_gl=1*1kgv2i0*_ga*MTQxOTk1MjIzMi4xNjYwNjMyNjUx*_ga_EXTSVLH45V*MTY3MDQ4NzcyMS4xMTUuMS4xNjcwNDg4MzU5LjYwLjAuMA..*_fplc*RzByQyUyQnZoNDNNUXFycnZueUdqcWthNm51NW9oM084M2JJeExyJTJGVFZiY1EyWTVtbUJlVmRkdndvSzZxYVFqSTdpTXpoZkd0V09DMkViMHMxZXJJd09PelUxd0Vhc0oxdTR4bHloNWhHdzcxVVp3OXJlayUyRlNYRWZlc2Nyc3l3JTNEJTNE"},{"id":168,"title":"Feedback form","url":"https://myaccount.bmj.com/myaccount/customerservice/salesforce-form.html?_gl=1*1kgv2i0*_ga*MTQxOTk1MjIzMi4xNjYwNjMyNjUx*_ga_EXTSVLH45V*MTY3MDQ4NzcyMS4xMTUuMS4xNjcwNDg4MzU5LjYwLjAuMA..*_fplc*RzByQyUyQnZoNDNNUXFycnZueUdqcWthNm51NW9oM084M2JJeExyJTJGVFZiY1EyWTVtbUJlVmRkdndvSzZxYVFqSTdpTXpoZkd0V09DMkViMHMxZXJJd09PelUxd0Vhc0oxdTR4bHloNWhHdzcxVVp3OXJlayUyRlNYRWZlc2Nyc3l3JTNEJTNE"}]}]},"navigationIcons":[{"name":"rss","url":"/pages/rss-feeds"},{"name":"x","url":"https://twitter.com/PracticalNeurol"},{"name":"facebook","url":"https://facebook.com/JNNP.BMJ"},{"name":"social-blogs","url":"http://blogs.bmj.com/jnnp?_gl=1*135yzr7*_ga*MTQxOTk1MjIzMi4xNjYwNjMyNjUx*_ga_EXTSVLH45V*MTY3MDQ4NzcyMS4xMTUuMS4xNjcwNDg4MzU5LjYwLjAuMA..*_fplc*RzByQyUyQnZoNDNNUXFycnZueUdqcWthNm51NW9oM084M2JJeExyJTJGVFZiY1EyWTVtbUJlVmRkdndvSzZxYVFqSTdpTXpoZkd0V09DMkViMHMxZXJJd09PelUxd0Vhc0oxdTR4bHloNWhHdzcxVVp3OXJlayUyRlNYRWZlc2Nyc3l3JTNEJTNE"},{"name":"soundcloud","url":"https://pnbmj.podbean.com"}]},"menuData":{"navData":[{"key":120,"displayName":"Latest content","link":"/content/early/recent"},{"key":121,"displayName":"Current issue","link":"/content/current"},{"key":122,"displayName":"Archive","link":"/content/by/year"},{"key":147,"displayName":"For authors","link":"/pages/authors/"},{"key":148,"displayName":"Podcasts","link":"https://pnbmj.podbean.com"},{"key":149,"displayName":"About","link":"/pages/about/"}]},"className":"authors","iforaIndexData":{"items":[{"id":169,"title":"Articles","url":"https://.","child_items":[{"id":170,"title":"Submission guidelines","url":"/pages/authors/#submission_guidelines"},{"id":172,"title":"Article processing charges","url":"/pages/authors/#article_processing_charges"},{"id":173,"title":"Waivers and Discounts","url":"/pages/authors/#waivers_and_discounts"},{"id":174,"title":"Preprints","url":"/pages/authors/#preprints"}]},{"id":175,"title":"Authors","url":"https://.","child_items":[{"id":176,"title":"Copyright and authors’ rights","url":"/pages/authors/#copyright_and_authors_rights"},{"id":177,"title":"Article transfer service","url":"/pages/authors/#article_transfer_service"},{"id":178,"title":"Rapid responses","url":"/pages/authors/#rapid_responses"}]},{"id":179,"title":"Journal Policy","url":"https://.","child_items":[{"id":180,"title":"Editorial policy","url":"/pages/authors/#editorial_policy"},{"id":181,"title":"Peer review","url":"/pages/authors/#peer_review"},{"id":182,"title":"Overall considerations","url":"/pages/authors/#overall_considerations"}]}]},"iforaMetricsData":{"submitButton":{"id":116,"title":"Submit manuscript","url":"https://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/pn?_gl=1*19t1umj*_ga*MTQxOTk1MjIzMi4xNjYwNjMyNjUx*_ga_EXTSVLH45V*MTY3MDQ4NzcyMS4xMTUuMS4xNjcwNDg5MjYxLjI0LjAuMA..*_fplc*RzByQyUyQnZoNDNNUXFycnZueUdqcWthNm51NW9oM084M2JJeExyJTJGVFZiY1EyWTVtbUJlVmRkdndvSzZxYVFqSTdpTXpoZkd0V09DMkViMHMxZXJJd09PelUxd0Vhc0oxdTR4bHloNWhHdzcxVVp3OXJlayUyRlNYRWZlc2Nyc3l3JTNEJTNE"},"metrics":[{"id":117,"title":"Time to first decision with review: 28 days (median)"},{"id":118,"title":"Total content views: 1 million"},{"id":119,"title":"Impact Factor: 2.7"}]},"sections":[{"sectionTitle":null,"subsections":[{"columnsContent":["Thank you for writing for \u003cem\u003ePractical Neurology.\u003c/em\u003e Our journal differs from many others, so please read the notes below for advice on submitting your article, preferably before you spend time and effort doing so."],"layoutType":"A"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Editorial policy\u003ca id=\"editorial_policy\" name=\"editorial_policy\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["\u003cem\u003ePractical Neurology \u003c/em\u003eadheres to the highest standards concerning its editorial policies on publication ethics, scientific misconduct, consent and peer review criteria. The journal follows guidance produced by bodies that include the \u003ca href=\"http://publicationethics.org/\"\u003eCommittee on Publication Ethics (COPE)\u003c/a\u003e, the \u003ca href=\"http://www.wame.org/\"\u003eWorld Association of Medical Editors (WAME)\u003c/a\u003e and the \u003ca href=\"http://www.icmje.org/\"\u003eInternational Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE)\u003c/a\u003e.To view all BMJ Journal policies please refer to the \u003ca href=\"http://authors.bmj.com/policies/\"\u003eBMJ Author Hub policies\u003c/a\u003e page, including information about our \u003ca href=\"https://authors.bmj.com/policies/editor-roles-responsibilities/\"\u003eEditors’ roles and responsibilities.\u003c/a\u003e\r\n\r\nWe take seriously all possible misconduct. If an Editor, author or reader has concerns that a submitted article describes something that might be considered to constitute misconduct in research, publication or professional behaviour they should forward their concerns to the journal. The publisher will deal with allegations appropriately."],"layoutType":"A"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Copyright and authors’ rights\u003ca id=\"copyright_and_authors_rights\" name=\"copyright_and_authors_rights\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["Articles are published under an exclusive licence or non-exclusive licence for UK Crown employees or where BMJ has agreed CC BY applies. For US Federal Government officers or employees acting as part of their official duties, the terms are as stated in accordance with our licence terms. Authors or their employers retain copyright. Open access articles can be reused under the terms of the relevant Creative Commons licence to facilitate reuse of the content; please refer to the \u003cem\u003ePractical Neurology\u003c/em\u003e\u003ci\u003e \u003c/i\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://s16086.pcdn.co/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/BMJ_Journals_Combined_Author_Licence_2018.pdf\"\u003eAuthor Licence\u003c/a\u003e for the applicable Creative Commons licences. More information on \u003ca href=\"https://authors.bmj.com/policies/copyright-and-authors-rights/\"\u003ecopyright and authors’ rights\u003c/a\u003e.\r\n\r\nWhen publishing in \u003cem\u003ePractical Neurology\u003c/em\u003e, authors choose between three licence types – exclusive licence granted to BMJ, \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/\"\u003eCC-BY-NC\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/\"\u003eCC-BY\u003c/a\u003e (Creative Commons open access licences require payment of an \u003ca href=\"#article_publishing_charges\"\u003earticle processing charge\u003c/a\u003e). As an author you may wish to post your article in an institutional or subject repository, or on a scientific social sharing network. You may also link your published article to your preprint (if applicable). What you can do with your article, without seeking permission, depends on the licence you have chosen and the version of your article. Please refer to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/author-self-archiving-and-permissions/\"\u003eBMJ author self archiving and permissions policies page\u003c/a\u003e for more information."],"layoutType":"A"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Preprints\u003ca id=\"preprints\" name=\"preprints\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["Preprints foster openness, accessibility and collaboration by allowing authors to make their findings immediately available to the research community and receive feedback on an article before it is submitted to a journal for formal publication.\r\n\r\nBMJ fully supports and encourages the archiving of preprints in any recognised, not-for-profit server such as \u003ca href=\"https://www.medrxiv.org/\"\u003emedRxiv\u003c/a\u003e. BMJ does not consider the posting of an article in a dedicated preprint repository to be prior publication.\r\n\r\nPreprints are reports of work that have not been peer-reviewed; Preprints should therefore not be used to guide clinical practice, health-related behaviour or health policy. For more information, please refer to our \u003ca href=\"https://authors.bmj.com/policies/preprints/\"\u003ePreprint policy page\u003c/a\u003e."],"layoutType":"A"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Peer review\u003ca id=\"peer_review\" name=\"peer_review\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["Articles submitted to \u003cem\u003ePractical Neurology\u003c/em\u003e are subject to peer review. The journal operates single anonymised peer review whereby the names of the reviewers are hidden from the author; usually two external reviewer reports are obtained before an Original research or Review article is accepted for publication. Manuscripts authored by a member of a journal’s editorial team are independently peer reviewed; an editor will have no input or influence on the peer review process or publication decision for their own article.\r\n\r\nWe referee review articles and a few others where necessary, mostly in house or among the editorial board, unless we need to get additional expert advice. This is not anonymous, indeed we acknowledge the referees at the end of the articles.\r\n\r\nOur aim is not to reject your article but to improve on what you have written, to ask you questions if we don’t understand something, to make sure the length is right, and to keep our house style consistent. Occasionally it may be necessary to ask a scientific writer to rewrite a manuscript to improve readability. We understand how difficult it can be to write well if English is not your first language (and even if it is in some cases!).\r\n\r\nFor more information on what to expect during the peer review process please refer to \u003ca href=\"https://authors.bmj.com/after-submitting/peer-review-process/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"\u003eBMJ Author Hub – the peer review process\u003c/a\u003e.","BMJ requests that all reviewers adhere to a set of basic principles and standards during the peer-review process in research publication; these are based on the COPE Ethical Guidelines for Peer Reviewers. Please refer to our \u003ca href=\"http://authors.bmj.com/policies/peer-review-terms-and-conditions/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"\u003epeer review terms and conditions policy page\u003c/a\u003e.\r\n\r\nBMJ is committed to transparency. Every article we publish includes a description of its provenance (commissioned or not commissioned) and whether it was internally or externally peer reviewed.\r\n\r\nPlagiarism is the appropriation of the language, ideas or thoughts of another without crediting their true source and representation of them as one’s own original work. BMJ is a member of CrossCheck by CrossRef and iThenticate. iThenticate is a plagiarism screening service that verifies the originality of content submitted before publication. BMJ runs manuscripts through iThenticate during the peer review process. Authors, researchers and freelancers can also use iThenticate to screen their work before submission by visiting \u003ca href=\"http://www.ithenticate.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"\u003ewww.ithenticate.com\u003c/a\u003e."],"layoutType":"B"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Article transfer service\u003ca id=\"article_transfer_service\" name=\"article_transfer_service\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["BMJ is committed to ensuring that all good quality research is published. Our \u003ca href=\"https://authors.bmj.com/after-submitting/bmj-transfer-service/\"\u003earticle transfer service\u003c/a\u003e helps authors find the best journal for their research while providing an easy and smooth publication process. If authors agree to transfer their manuscript, all versions, supplementary files and peer reviewer comments are automatically transferred; there is no need to resubmit or reformat.\r\n\r\nAuthors who submit to \u003cem\u003ePractical Neurology\u003c/em\u003e and are rejected will be offered the option of transferring to another \u003ca href=\"https://journals.bmj.com/\"\u003eBMJ Journal\u003c/a\u003e, such as \u003ca href=\"https://bmjopen.bmj.com/\"\u003e\u003ci\u003eBMJ Open\u003c/i\u003e\u003c/a\u003e.\r\n\r\nPlease note that the article transfer service does not guarantee acceptance but you should receive a quicker initial decision on your manuscript.\r\n\r\nContact the Transfer Editor at transfers@bmj.com"],"layoutType":"A"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Overall considerations\u003ca id=\"overall_considerations\" name=\"overall_considerations\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eAuthorship\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nFor most papers authorship is straightforward. However, the number of authors on some of shorter papers types, such as case reports or image of the moment, has been increasing. For such short reports we would normally expect only one junior and one senior author from the lead department with single authors from collaborating departments where appropriate. Other members of the team can be acknowledged. \u003ca href=\"http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/browse/roles-and-responsibilities/defining-the-role-of-authors-and-contributors.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"\u003eICMJE recommendations\u003c/a\u003e."],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eCheck with the editors first\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nIn general, papers in \u003cem\u003ePractical Neurology\u003c/em\u003e are commissioned (particularly reviews), as this allows us to plan and balance our content. You should therefore consider writing to us about your idea before submission. An article already commissioned and not yet available to the readership may already cover your topic.To write to us, please find our contact details on the Editorial Board page \u003ca href=\"/pages/editorial-board/\"\u003ehere\u003c/a\u003e."],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eLanguage and Style\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nPapers should follow \u003ca href=\"/pn/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/12/PN_House_Style.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"\u003e‘Practical Neurology House Style’\u003c/a\u003e."],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eExperienced clinician authors\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nReaders of \u003cem\u003ePractical Neurology\u003c/em\u003e put a lot of weight on an author’s clinical experience—especially when considering issues where evidence is limited. Less experienced authors should consider collaborating with more experienced clinicians to bring this perspective to their papers."],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eNot original research\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nWe aim to assemble evidence in an easily digestible form to help neurologists in their clinical practice. For this reason, and unlike many other journals, we do not publish original research."],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003ePractically focused\u003c/strong\u003e\r\n\u003cem\u003ePractical Neurology\u003c/em\u003e aims to publish papers of practical value to busy clinical neurologists. Reviews need to be evidence-based and practically focused. Reports of clinical cases must have a clear message that might influence clinical practice. We welcome editorials, opinion pieces, ‘Test Yourself’ articles, fillers, and other article types but every paper does need to emphasise its practical value."],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eRarities must have a practical value\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nOther journals often look for the primacy of a first reported case. We prefer to emphasise conditions and situations that clinicians are likely to encounter in clinical practice and those rare treatable diseases that you would not want to miss. We prefer common to rare and treatable to untreatable."],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eReviews are not just reviews\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nPapers in \u003cem\u003ePractical Neurology\u003c/em\u003e should not simply be a summary of a subject that could be gleaned from the literature. Rather they should be a critical and evidence-based review, with comments on the quality of the available evidence, built from the author’s practical experience. Reviews will often contain advice, based on experience, about what to do in situations not covered by available evidence (with appropriate rationale and caveats). Papers can be scientific, historical, artistic, political, etc., but must have relevance to clinical neurology."],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eWrite with the reader in mind\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nPlease set out your text to make it attractive and readable. Consider breaking up the text with clinical vignettes; using bullet points, text boxes or diagrams to illustrate points."],"layoutType":"A"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Article processing charges\u003ca id=\"article_processing_charges\" name=\"article_processing_charges\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["During submission, authors can choose to have their article published open access for 3,410 GBP (exclusive of VAT for UK and EU authors). There are no submission, page or colour figure charges."],"layoutType":"A"}]},{"sectionTitle":"\u003ca id=\"waivers_and_discounts\" name=\"waivers_and_discounts\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["\u003ch2\u003eWaivers and Discounts\u003c/h2\u003e\r\nIf authors choose to publish their article open access, an APC waiver may be available. Before applying for an APC waiver please consider:\r\n\r\n\u003cstrong\u003e(1) Does your institution have an open access agreement with BMJ? \u003c/strong\u003e If it does, then this may cover all or part of the APC for your article. \u003ca href=\"https://authors.bmj.com/open-access/oa-agreements/\"\u003eCheck BMJ’s open access agreements page\u003c/a\u003e to find out whether your institution is a member and what discounts you may be entitled to.\r\n\r\n\u003cstrong\u003e(2) Have you received funding from a funder with an open access mandate or policy that covers paying APCs? \u003c/strong\u003e If so, BMJ expects that the APC will be paid in full.\r\n\r\nIf neither (1) nor (2) above apply then consider\r\n\r\n\u003cstrong\u003e(3) Are all the authors of your article based in low-income countries*? \u003c/strong\u003eIf so, you are eligible to apply for a full or partial waiver from BMJ.\r\nVisit our \u003ca href=\"//authors.bmj.com/open-access/fees-discounts/)\"\u003eauthor hub\u003c/a\u003e to learn more about our waivers policy and how to request one.\r\n\r\nPlease note that regardless of the funding situation, authors can still choose to publish with us at no cost, and articles will be made available to our subscribers.\r\n\r\n*This list is reviewed annually and is based upon HINARI Core Offer Groups A and B, and the World Bank Country and Lending Groups."],"layoutType":"A"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Rapid responses\u003ca id=\"rapid_responses\" name=\"rapid_responses\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["A rapid response is a moderated but not peer reviewed online response to a published article in \u003cem\u003ePractical Neurology\u003c/em\u003e; it will not receive a DOI and will not be indexed. Find out more about responses and how to \u003ca href=\"https://authors.bmj.com/after-submitting/rapid-responses/\"\u003e\u003cu\u003esubmit a response.\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/a\u003e"],"layoutType":"A"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Submission guidelines\u003ca id=\"submission_guidelines\" name=\"submission_guidelines\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["Please review the below article type specifications including the required article lengths, illustrations, table limits and reference counts. The word count excludes the title page, abstract, tables, acknowledgements, contributions and references. Manuscripts should be as succinct as possible.\r\n\r\nMost \u003cem\u003ePractical Neurology\u003c/em\u003e articles fall into one of the categories below. We will occasionally publish articles that defy this classification—if they are practical and interesting enough.\r\n\r\nFor further support when making your submission please refer to the resources available on the \u003ca href=\"http://authors.bmj.com/\"\u003eBMJ Author Hub\u003c/a\u003e. Here you will find information on \u003ca href=\"http://authors.bmj.com/writing-and-formatting/formatting-your-paper/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"\u003ewriting and formatting\u003c/a\u003e your research through to the \u003ca href=\"http://authors.bmj.com/after-submitting/your-papers-journey/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=http://authors.bmj.com/after-submitting/your-papers-journey/\u0026amp;source=gmail\u0026amp;ust=1556610990405000\u0026amp;usg=AFQjCNElte2G0xc9O5Q-BxbEByUAonmwtg\"\u003epeer review process\u003c/a\u003e. We encourage authors to ensure that research articles are written in accordance with the \u003ca href=\"https://authors.bmj.com/before-you-submit/reporting-guidelines/\"\u003erelevant research reporting guideline\u003c/a\u003e.\r\n\r\nYou may also wish to use the \u003ca href=\"https://authors.bmj.com/before-you-submit/language-editing-services/\"\u003elanguage editing and translation\u003c/a\u003e services provided by \u003ca href=\"https://authorservices.bmj.com/?utm_source=BMJ-pn1\u0026amp;utm_medium=Referral\"\u003eBMJ Author Services\u003c/a\u003e.\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#core_article_types\"\u003eCore article types\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#case_based_articles\"\u003eCase based articles\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#how_to_and_related_papers\"\u003e“How to” and related papers\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#occasional_papers\"\u003eOccasional papers\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n \t\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"#inhouse_articles\"\u003eInhouse articles\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e"],"layoutType":"A"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Core article types\u003ca id=\"core_article_types\" name=\"core_article_types\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eEditorial\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nAn editorial addresses an issue of relevance to neurologists: therapeutic, political, social, ethical, economic, etc. Editorials must be relevant to our international readership and not simply to neurology in the United Kingdom.\r\nMaximum 800 words."],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eReview\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nThere are 2 or 3 major reviews in each issue. These are authoritative, evidence-based, stand-alone articles that are definitive and up-to-date (at least for a while). Ideally, they are based on systematic reviews of the evidence, though they are not in themselves “Cochrane style” systematic reviews. They are firmly directed at the practising neurologist and should be educational rather than dusty guidelines. Where there is no evidence to support a course of action, we should not be shy to say so. When something seems common sense or is based on experience, then again we should not be afraid to say so rather than dress it up in bogus pathophysiology. Whatever else, the reviews are practical in the sense of being useful to the ordinary neurologist seeing ordinary patients in ordinary clinical practice. They should elicit the exchange over coffee: “Have you seen the great review on … in Practical Neurology?” Please provide a 150-word (maximum) abstract for PubMed, and 4–5 Key Points at the end.\r\nMaximum 4000 words, no more than 40 references."],"layoutType":"A"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Case based articles\u003ca id=\"case_based_articles\" name=\"case_based_articles\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["Many of our papers are based on a clinical case or small number of cases. These can be categorised into one of the following article types, depending on the focus and message of the paper.","\u003cdiv\u003e\u003c/div\u003e"],"layoutType":"B"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eA difficult case\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nWe come across these cases all the time in our routine practice. Here we ask a neurologist to describe a real and difficult case, what the problems are, and how it should be managed. The difficulty might be in the diagnosis, management or both. For example, a patient with Guillain–Barré syndrome who does not respond to plasma exchange or intravenous immunoglobulin. These cases should have an instantly recognisable real life feel to them. If necessary, we will get a comment from an expert in the area under discussion. Please provide a 150-word (maximum) abstract for PubMed, and 4–5 Key Points at the end.\r\nMaximum 1500 words and 10 references."],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eClinicopathological conference\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nThese are taken from—among other places—the Edinburgh Advanced Clinical Neurology Course. They are fairly straightforward verbatim accounts, put together by the contributors. They must have an answer to the diagnosis in the pathology, which might be a biopsy or better an autopsy. Please provide a 150-word (maximum) abstract for PubMed, and 4–5 Key Points at the end.\r\nMaximum 4000 words and 10 references."],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eImage of the moment\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nHere we are looking for attractive, interesting and illuminating clinical photographs, perhaps of a physical sign, a fundus, imaging, etc. These are arranged in a collage above a paragraph or two describing a case, or the disorder.\r\nMaximum 500 words, 10 references and up to 4 high quality photographs. The editors may request a Key Messages box be added to the submission when appropriate."],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eNeurological rarities\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nAn unkind alternative title is “anorak corner”. The idea here is to succumb to neurologists’ fascination with rarities and to have short articles on diseases that we should know about but may never see. They could be based on real cases with a discussion of pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment. Please remember that, although it is a rare problem, it is important to emphasise its implication for clinical practice. Please provide a 150-word (maximum) abstract for PubMed, and 4–5 Key Points at the end.\r\nMaximum 1500 words and 10 references."],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eTest yourself\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nThis is a modestly interactive section where a case is presented in several parts, split up by maybe 2–6 questions to do with diagnosis and/or management. After each question there is an answer or comment to guide the reader along, and there might be a brief discussion at the end.\r\nMaximum 1500 words and 10 references."],"layoutType":"A"}]},{"sectionTitle":"“How to” and related papers\u003ca id=\"how_to_and_related_papers\" name=\"how_to_and_related_papers\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["The title says it all. These papers are evidence based and practical.","\u003cdiv\u003e\u003c/div\u003e"],"layoutType":"B"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eHow to do it\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nThe point is in the title—evidence-based, practical and sensible tips from people who know what they are doing. How they do it, in every day practice, and why they do it that way. Please provide a 150-word (maximum) abstract for PubMed, and 4–5 Key Points at the end.\r\nMaximum 2000 words and 2-4 suggestions for further reading (taken from the main reference list)."],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eHow to understand it\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nThe point is in the title—we are looking for brief articles by experts to explain simply the sorts of things that neurologists should know something about but often don’t—for example: meta-analysis, PCR, Doppler ultrasound. Please provide a 150-word (maximum) abstract for PubMed, and 4–5 Key Points at the end.\r\nMaximum 2000 words and 2-4 suggestions for further reading (taken from the main reference list)."],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eWhat neurologists need to understand outside their own specialty\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nNeurologists interact with many other specialists who request tests and do things that can be as mysterious to us as our tests and activities are to them. Here we try and demystify some of the things that are sometimes done on our “neurological” patients. What are they done for? How are they done? What are the risks? What is their usefulness? Please provide a 150-word (maximum) abstract for PubMed, and 4–5 Key Points at the end.\r\nMaximum 3000 words."],"layoutType":"A"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Occasional papers\u003ca id=\"occasional_papers\" name=\"occasional_papers\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["There are several other paper types that are of interest to practising neurologists.","\u003cdiv\u003e\u003c/div\u003e"],"layoutType":"B"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eNeurological miscellany\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nWhile most changes in neurological practice are rightly build on research findings, clinical trials and evidence based medicine some useful insights into clinical neurology for the practical neurologist can come from a wider range of sources. These would include reflections from the retired, neurological dilemmas, what got me into neurology, neurology and art or literature, or neurological history. Any such submissions would be considered on a case by case basis and should include something for the clinical neurologist. As with all Practical Neurology articles we favour clarity and brevity, and where appropriate levity."],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eBook club\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nUnlike a conventional book review, we encourage reports from book club meetings in neurology departments. The book should be relevant to neurology and neurologists, but of broader interest too. The report needs to include any important practical messages for clinicians from the book and must make the reader want to order a copy immediately.\r\nMaximum 600 words and a high resolution image file of the book cover."],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eA patient that changed my practice\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nEssentially we are looking for cases where the author has learnt something really important that has affected his or her own practice forever more; maybe a mistake or a near miss. Whatever, the case will illuminate some corner of neurology and make us all better physicians. It will have the same attraction as the accounts of legal cases in the journals of the medical defence societies. Please provide a 150-word (maximum) abstract for PubMed, and 4–5 Key Points at the end.\r\nMaximum 1500 words."],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eGuideline summary\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nThere is a proliferation of guidelines and we may have occasional articles to guide people through this jungle. Rather than just re-stating the guideline, we are interested in a critical appraisal of how these will pan out in practice.\r\nMaximum 800 words and references only to the guidelines."],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eMe and my neurological illness\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nIt is incredibly illuminating to hear a patient’s own account of their illness, particularly if they have the insight of an expert, or are in some way well known (media, politician, writer, etc.). We ask people we know who have had, or have, some sort of neurological illness to contribute something to make us all better doctors.\r\nMaximum 800 words."],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eNeuroimaging\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nThese are well-illustrated helpful articles for neurologists on imaging strategies—and the relevant anatomy—for various places (e.g. the carotid bifurcation), diseases (e.g. cerebral vasculitis) or that tell a story in pictures (e.g. tuberous sclerosis). These articles are not for radiologists but for neurologists who may want to look at their own X-rays and who will certainly want to discuss them sensibly with their neuroradiological colleagues. Please provide a 150-word (maximum) abstract for PubMed, and 4–5 Key Points at the end.\r\nMaximum 3000 words."],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eNeurological sign\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nHere we ask people to write about a physical sign (or symptom): what it indicates, how to elicit it, its validity, sensitivity and specificity, observer variation, etc. Please provide a 150-word (maximum) abstract for PubMed, and 4–5 Key Points at the end.\r\nMaximum 1500 words."],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cp style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNeurological letter from…\r\n\u003c/strong\u003eThe model is the late Alistair Cook's “Letter from America” where the trick is to pick on some recent event or topic of interest, and discuss it in a light but serious way. The letter will be literary or political rather than scientific. It should appeal to the general reader who might like to know more of neurology and neurological things in other parts of the world. Maybe having read the letter the neurologist might even be tempted to go there. The most successful letters are not a list of how many neurologists and magnetic resonance scanners there are, or are not, in a particular place but more to do with the practice of neurology, and what makes it interesting or unique in that particular place.\r\nMax 800 words, and a photograph or two is an important touch.\u003c/p\u003e"],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eToday’s ward round\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nThese articles include a picture or video and short piece of text outlining a clinical question. The answer to the question, along with an explanation will be included on the page overleaf.\r\n\r\n\u003cstrong\u003ePage 1\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nUp to 250 words to include the clinical question\r\nPicture or video with legend\r\n\r\n\u003cstrong\u003ePage 2 (on reverse side of page 1)\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nUp to 500 words giving answer and explanation\r\n2-3 key points –\r\n1 suggestion for additional reading."],"layoutType":"A"}]},{"sectionTitle":"Inhouse articles\u003ca id=\"inhouse_articles\" name=\"inhouse_articles\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e","subsections":[{"columnsContent":["There are some fixtures in the journal written by us, but if you have potentially interesting contributions to these, we should be pleased to hear from you.","\u003cdiv\u003e\u003c/div\u003e"],"layoutType":"B"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eEditors’ Choice\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nHere the editors discuss the journal contents and highlight certain articles for special consideration."],"layoutType":"A"},{"columnsContent":["\u003cstrong\u003eCarphology\u003c/strong\u003e\r\nThe word means “the movements of delirious patients, as if searching for imaginary objects, or picking the bedclothes” (Oxford Dictionary) (karphos = straw, legein = collect). These are short paragraphs, bits and pieces of this and that, mostly from the general medical journals —for example, snippets of gossip, results of major trials presented at meetings, etc.\r\nMaximum 800 words."],"layoutType":"A"}]}],"seoMetadata":[{"key":"title","property":"title","content":"Authors | Practical Neurology"},{"key":"robots","property":"robots","content":"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1"},{"key":"canonical","property":"canonical","content":"https://pn.bmj.com/pages/authors"},{"key":"og_locale","property":"og:locale","content":"en_US"},{"key":"og_type","property":"og:type","content":"article"},{"key":"og_title","property":"og:title","content":"Authors | Practical Neurology"},{"key":"og_url","property":"og:url","content":"https://pn.bmj.com/pages/authors"},{"key":"og_site_name","property":"og:site_name","content":"Practical Neurology"},{"key":"og_image","property":"og:image","content":"https://pn.bmj.com/pn/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/12/94bm3OnO_400x400.jpeg"},{"key":"og_image_width","property":"og:image:width","content":298},{"key":"og_image_height","property":"og:image:height","content":298},{"key":"twitter_image","property":"twitter:image","content":"https://pn.bmj.com/pn/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/12/94bm3OnO_400x400.jpeg"},{"key":"article_modified_time","property":"article:modified_time","content":"2024-11-12T14:12:21+00:00"},{"key":"twitter_card","property":"twitter:card","content":"summary_large_image"}],"title":"Authors","breadcrumbsBarData":{"breadcrumbs":[{"pageName":"Home","url":"/"},{"pageName":"Authors"}],"emailAlertsLink":"https://myaccount.bmj.com/myaccount/signup.html?regService=etoc-alerts\u0026corpusCode=practneurol\u0026fwdUrl=https://pn.bmj.com/"},"adSlots":null,"gtmContainerCode":"GTM-TTCWHM","adsLazyLoad":true,"pageBuildInfo":null,"isPreview":false,"baiduCode":"","associationLogos":[]},"__N_SSG":true},"page":"/pages/authors","query":{},"buildId":"CeuHwKqscrhsnVKsf6e3N","isFallback":false,"gsp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}</script></body></html>