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<div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American legal academic (born 1961)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">John F. Manning</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Manning_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/John_Manning_cropped.jpg/220px-John_Manning_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/John_Manning_cropped.jpg/330px-John_Manning_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/John_Manning_cropped.jpg/440px-John_Manning_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="445" data-file-height="525" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Manning in 2009</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Provost of <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: lavender"><b><a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">Incumbent</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>Assumed office</b></span> <br />March 14, 2024</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alan_Garber" title="Alan Garber">Alan Garber</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">13th <a href="/wiki/Dean_of_Harvard_Law_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Dean of Harvard Law School">Dean of Harvard Law School</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />July 1, 2017 – August 15, 2024</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Drew_Faust" class="mw-redirect" title="Drew Faust">Drew Faust</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Bacow" title="Lawrence Bacow">Lawrence Bacow</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Claudine_Gay" title="Claudine Gay">Claudine Gay</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Alan_Garber" title="Alan Garber">Alan Garber</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Martha_Minow" title="Martha Minow">Martha Minow</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_C._P._Goldberg" title="John C. P. Goldberg">John C. P. Goldberg</a> <i>(interim)</i></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1961-04-11</span>) </span>April 11, 1961<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 63)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Angeles, California">Los Angeles, California</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Juris_doctor" class="mw-redirect" title="Juris doctor">JD</a>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>John Francis Manning</b> (born April 11, 1961) is an American legal scholar who serves as the provost of <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>. He is the Dane Professor of Law at <a href="/wiki/Harvard_Law_School" title="Harvard Law School">Harvard Law School</a> (HLS), where he is a scholar of administrative and <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_law" title="Constitutional law">constitutional law</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 2017 to 2024, he was the 13th <a href="/wiki/Dean_of_Harvard_Law_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Dean of Harvard Law School">Dean of Harvard Law School</a>. </p><p>Manning received his undergraduate and legal education at <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>. After clerking for Judge <a href="/wiki/Robert_Bork" title="Robert Bork">Robert Bork</a> and Justice <a href="/wiki/Antonin_Scalia" title="Antonin Scalia">Antonin Scalia</a>, he was named the Michael I. Sovern Professor of Law at <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a>. Manning moved to Harvard Law in 2002, becoming its deputy-dean, and assumed the deanship on July 1, 2017, succeeding <a href="/wiki/Martha_Minow" title="Martha Minow">Martha Minow</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_F._Manning&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Manning was born on April 11, 1961, in <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles, California</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is <a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jewish</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Crimson_Mar_22_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Crimson_Mar_22-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He matriculated at <a href="/wiki/Harvard_College" title="Harvard College">Harvard College</a>, where he was a resident of <a href="/wiki/Quincy_House_(Harvard_College)" title="Quincy House (Harvard College)">Quincy House</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-:5_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as a history major. He graduated with a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">Bachelor of Arts</a> (B.A.), <i><a href="/wiki/Summa_cum_laude" class="mw-redirect" title="Summa cum laude">summa cum laude</a></i>, in 1982 with membership in <a href="/wiki/Phi_Beta_Kappa" title="Phi Beta Kappa">Phi Beta Kappa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was the <a href="/wiki/First-generation_college_students_in_the_United_States" title="First-generation college students in the United States">first member</a> of his family to graduate from college.<sup id="cite_ref-Crimson_Mar_22_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Crimson_Mar_22-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Manning attended <a href="/wiki/Harvard_Law_School" title="Harvard Law School">Harvard Law School</a> afterwards, graduating in 1985 and obtaining his <a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">Juris Doctor</a> (J.D.), <i>magna cum laude</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following law school, he served as a <a href="/wiki/Law_clerk" title="Law clerk">law clerk</a> to Judge <a href="/wiki/Robert_Bork" title="Robert Bork">Robert Bork</a> at the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_District_of_Columbia_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit</a> from 1985 to 1986.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1986 to 1988, Manning was an <a href="/wiki/Attorney_Advisor" class="mw-redirect" title="Attorney Advisor">attorney-advisor</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Office_of_Legal_Counsel" title="Office of Legal Counsel">Office of Legal Counsel</a> of the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Department_of_Justice" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Department of Justice">U.S. Department of Justice</a>. He left to clerk for Justice <a href="/wiki/Antonin_Scalia" title="Antonin Scalia">Antonin Scalia</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court of the United States</a> during the 1988–1989 term.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:6_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was <a href="/wiki/Admitted_to_the_bar" class="mw-redirect" title="Admitted to the bar">admitted to the bar</a> of <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> in 1986, and to the bar of California in 1990.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Academic_career">Academic career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_F._Manning&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Academic career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1989, Manning became an <a href="/wiki/Associate_attorney" title="Associate attorney">associate attorney</a> at the law firm of <a href="/wiki/Gibson_Dunn" title="Gibson Dunn">Gibson Dunn</a> in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> He left the firm to serve as an assistant to the <a href="/wiki/Solicitor_General_of_the_United_States" title="Solicitor General of the United States">Solicitor General of the United States</a> at the Justice Department from 1991 until 1994,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> when he began teaching at <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Law_School" title="Columbia Law School">Columbia Law School</a>, becoming the school's Michael I. Sovern Professor of Law.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Manning became a visiting professor at Harvard Law School in 2002, and was named a professor there in 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was invited to join the law school by dean <a href="/wiki/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Elena Kagan</a> as part of an effort to increase conservative members of the faculty.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Manning's hiring came among a new series of public legal scholars, also including <a href="/wiki/Jack_Goldsmith" title="Jack Goldsmith">Jack Goldsmith</a> and <a href="/wiki/Adrian_Vermeule" title="Adrian Vermeule">Adrian Vermeule</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He received the school's appointment as its Bruce Bromley Professor of Law in 2007 and remained in that capacity until 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2013, he became the deputy-dean of Harvard Law School.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Arizona" title="University of Arizona">University of Arizona</a>'s <a href="/wiki/James_E._Rogers_College_of_Law" title="James E. Rogers College of Law">James E. Rogers College of Law</a> began accepting <a href="/wiki/Graduate_Record_Examinations" title="Graduate Record Examinations">Graduate Record Examinations</a> (GRE) results for student admission in 2016, Manning influenced Harvard Law's decision to also accept the GRE for admission, which the school announced in March 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Martha_Minow" title="Martha Minow">Martha Minow</a>, the 12th dean of HLS, announced her intention to retire from the deanship on January 5, 2017, at the end of the academic year.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After a selection process conducted by Harvard president <a href="/wiki/Drew_Gilpin_Faust" title="Drew Gilpin Faust">Drew Gilpin Faust</a> and a faculty committee, it was announced on June 1, 2017, that Manning would serve as the next <a href="/wiki/Dean_of_Harvard_Law_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Dean of Harvard Law School">Dean of Harvard Law School</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He assumed the position on July 1, 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His appointment to the role as Minow's successor was praised by former dean <a href="/wiki/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Elena Kagan</a>, who had become an <a href="/wiki/Associate_Justice_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States">associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was also endorsed by <a href="/wiki/Danielle_Allen" title="Danielle Allen">Danielle Allen</a>, director of the <a href="/wiki/Edmond_J._Safra_Center_for_Ethics" class="mw-redirect" title="Edmond J. Safra Center for Ethics">Edmond J. Safra Center for Ethics</a>, and Judge <a href="/wiki/David_J._Barron" title="David J. Barron">David J. Barron</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_First_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Affinity_group" title="Affinity group">Affinity groups</a> on campus had opposed Manning's appointment, and they instead supported <a href="/wiki/David_B._Wilkins" title="David B. Wilkins">David B. Wilkins</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Manning is an authority in administrative law and structural <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_law_of_the_United_States" title="Constitutional law of the United States">constitutional law</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-:6_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and has argued nine cases before the Supreme Court.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Manning is also an expert on issues concerning <a href="/wiki/Separation_of_powers" title="Separation of powers">separation of powers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nysun_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nysun-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He teaches administrative law, federal courts, legislation and regulation, separation of powers, and statutory interpretation.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was the co-editor of two notable casebooks: <i>Hart and Wechsler’s Federal Courts and the Federal System</i><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as <i>Legislation and Regulation.</i><sup id="cite_ref-:8_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Manning's scholarship persuaded Justice Antonin Scalia to reconsider his majority opinion in <i><a href="/wiki/Auer_v._Robbins" title="Auer v. Robbins">Auer v. Robbins</a></i> (1997).<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Manning was considered as a possible candidate by the <a href="/wiki/Harvard_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Harvard Corporation">Harvard Corporation</a> to be <a href="/wiki/President_of_Harvard_University" title="President of Harvard University">President of Harvard University</a>, though ultimately the position went to <a href="/wiki/Claudine_Gay" title="Claudine Gay">Claudine Gay</a> instead.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On March 1, 2024, Harvard interim president <a href="/wiki/Alan_Garber" title="Alan Garber">Alan Garber</a> announced that Manning would serve as the university's interim provost beginning on March 14, with <a href="/wiki/John_C.P._Goldberg" class="mw-redirect" title="John C.P. Goldberg">John C. P. Goldberg</a> taking Manning's place as acting dean.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On August 15, Manning was appointed as the permanent university provost, formally resigning as the HLS dean.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_honors">Awards and honors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_F._Manning&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Awards and honors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Manning has received the <a href="/wiki/American_Bar_Association" title="American Bar Association">American Bar Association</a>'s Award for Scholarship in Administrative Law, and won twice the Willis Reese Prize for Excellence in Teaching of <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On April 30, 2013, Manning was elected to the <a href="/wiki/American_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences" title="American Academy of Arts and Sciences">American Academy of Arts and Sciences</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was elected as a member of the <a href="/wiki/American_Law_Institute" title="American Law Institute">American Law Institute</a> on August 1, 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_12-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Selected_works">Selected works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_F._Manning&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Selected works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFManning1996" class="citation journal cs1">Manning, John F. (April 1996). "Constitutional Structure and Judicial Deference to Agency Interpretations of Agency Rules". <i><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Law_Review" title="Columbia Law Review">Columbia Law Review</a></i>. <b>96</b> (3): 612–696. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1123259">10.2307/1123259</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1123259">1123259</a>. <a href="/wiki/SSRN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="SSRN (identifier)">SSRN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2849555">2849555</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Columbia+Law+Review&rft.atitle=Constitutional+Structure+and+Judicial+Deference+to+Agency+Interpretations+of+Agency+Rules&rft.volume=96&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=612-696&rft.date=1996-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1123259%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpapers.ssrn.com%2Fsol3%2Fpapers.cfm%3Fabstract_id%3D2849555%23id-name%3DSSRN&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1123259&rft.aulast=Manning&rft.aufirst=John+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+F.+Manning" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFManning1997" class="citation journal cs1">Manning, John F. (April 1997). "Textualism As a Nondelegation Doctrine". <i><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Law_Review" title="Columbia Law Review">Columbia Law Review</a></i>. <b>97</b> (3): 673–739. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1123360">10.2307/1123360</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1123360">1123360</a>. <a href="/wiki/SSRN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="SSRN (identifier)">SSRN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2849460">2849460</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Columbia+Law+Review&rft.atitle=Textualism+As+a+Nondelegation+Doctrine&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=673-739&rft.date=1997-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1123360%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpapers.ssrn.com%2Fsol3%2Fpapers.cfm%3Fabstract_id%3D2849460%23id-name%3DSSRN&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1123360&rft.aulast=Manning&rft.aufirst=John+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+F.+Manning" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFManning2000" class="citation journal cs1">Manning, John F. (2000). "The Nondelegation Doctrine as a Canon of Avoidance". <i><a href="/wiki/The_Supreme_Court_Review" class="mw-redirect" title="The Supreme Court Review">The Supreme Court Review</a></i>. <b>2000</b>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago_Press" title="University of Chicago Press">University of Chicago Press</a>: 223–277. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2Fscr.2000.3109680">10.1086/scr.2000.3109680</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3109680">3109680</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:146859299">146859299</a>. <a href="/wiki/SSRN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="SSRN (identifier)">SSRN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2852573">2852573</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Supreme+Court+Review&rft.atitle=The+Nondelegation+Doctrine+as+a+Canon+of+Avoidance&rft.volume=2000&rft.pages=223-277&rft.date=2000&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3109680%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A146859299%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpapers.ssrn.com%2Fsol3%2Fpapers.cfm%3Fabstract_id%3D2852573%23id-name%3DSSRN&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2Fscr.2000.3109680&rft.aulast=Manning&rft.aufirst=John+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+F.+Manning" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFManning2001" class="citation journal cs1">Manning, John F. (January 2001). "Textualism and the Equity of the Statute". <i><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Law_Review" title="Columbia Law Review">Columbia Law Review</a></i>. <b>101</b> (1): 1–127. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1123509">10.2307/1123509</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1123509">1123509</a>. <a href="/wiki/SSRN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="SSRN (identifier)">SSRN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2849561">2849561</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Columbia+Law+Review&rft.atitle=Textualism+and+the+Equity+of+the+Statute&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=1-127&rft.date=2001-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1123509%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpapers.ssrn.com%2Fsol3%2Fpapers.cfm%3Fabstract_id%3D2849561%23id-name%3DSSRN&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1123509&rft.aulast=Manning&rft.aufirst=John+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+F.+Manning" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFManning2003" class="citation journal cs1">Manning, John F. (June 2003). "The Absurdity Doctrine". <i><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Law_Review" title="Harvard Law Review">Harvard Law Review</a></i>. <b>116</b> (8): 2387–2486. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1342768">10.2307/1342768</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1342768">1342768</a>. <a href="/wiki/SSRN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="SSRN (identifier)">SSRN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2849578">2849578</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Harvard+Law+Review&rft.atitle=The+Absurdity+Doctrine&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=2387-2486&rft.date=2003-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1342768%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpapers.ssrn.com%2Fsol3%2Fpapers.cfm%3Fabstract_id%3D2849578%23id-name%3DSSRN&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1342768&rft.aulast=Manning&rft.aufirst=John+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+F.+Manning" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFManning2004" class="citation journal cs1">Manning, John F. (June 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.yalelawjournal.org/article/the-eleventh-amendment-and-the-reading-of-precise-lbrgconstitutional-texts">"The Eleventh Amendment and the Reading of Precise Constitutional Texts"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Yale_Law_Journal" title="The Yale Law Journal">The Yale Law Journal</a></i>. <b>113</b> (8): 1663–1750. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F4135780">10.2307/4135780</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/4135780">4135780</a>. <a href="/wiki/SSRN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="SSRN (identifier)">SSRN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2852571">2852571</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Yale+Law+Journal&rft.atitle=The+Eleventh+Amendment+and+the+Reading+of+Precise+Constitutional+Texts&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=1663-1750&rft.date=2004-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F4135780%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpapers.ssrn.com%2Fsol3%2Fpapers.cfm%3Fabstract_id%3D2852571%23id-name%3DSSRN&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F4135780&rft.aulast=Manning&rft.aufirst=John+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.yalelawjournal.org%2Farticle%2Fthe-eleventh-amendment-and-the-reading-of-precise-lbrgconstitutional-texts&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+F.+Manning" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFManning2004" class="citation journal cs1">Manning, John F. (June 2004). "Nonlegislative Rules". <i><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Law_Review" class="mw-redirect" title="George Washington Law Review">George Washington Law Review</a></i>. <b>72</b> (5): 893–945. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2139%2Fssrn.2852017">10.2139/ssrn.2852017</a>. <a href="/wiki/SSRN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="SSRN (identifier)">SSRN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2852017">2852017</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=George+Washington+Law+Review&rft.atitle=Nonlegislative+Rules&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=893-945&rft.date=2004-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpapers.ssrn.com%2Fsol3%2Fpapers.cfm%3Fabstract_id%3D2852017%23id-name%3DSSRN&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2139%2Fssrn.2852017&rft.aulast=Manning&rft.aufirst=John+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+F.+Manning" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFManning2004" class="citation journal cs1">Manning, John F. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholarship.law.nd.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1453&context=ndlr">"Continuity and the Legislative Design"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Notre_Dame_Law_Review" title="Notre Dame Law Review">Notre Dame Law Review</a></i>. <b>79</b> (5): 1863–1889.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Notre+Dame+Law+Review&rft.atitle=Continuity+and+the+Legislative+Design&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=1863-1889&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Manning&rft.aufirst=John+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscholarship.law.nd.edu%2Fcgi%2Fviewcontent.cgi%3Farticle%3D1453%26context%3Dndlr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+F.+Manning" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFManning2005" class="citation journal cs1">Manning, John F. (April 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://virginialawreview.org/articles/textualism-and-legislative-intent/">"Textualism and Legislative Intent"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Law_Review" title="Virginia Law Review">Virginia Law Review</a></i>. <b>91</b> (2): 419–450. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3649428">3649428</a>. <a href="/wiki/SSRN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="SSRN (identifier)">SSRN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2853690">2853690</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Virginia+Law+Review&rft.atitle=Textualism+and+Legislative+Intent&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=419-450&rft.date=2005-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpapers.ssrn.com%2Fsol3%2Fpapers.cfm%3Fabstract_id%3D2853690%23id-name%3DSSRN&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3649428%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Manning&rft.aufirst=John+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvirginialawreview.org%2Farticles%2Ftextualism-and-legislative-intent%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+F.+Manning" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFManning2006" class="citation journal cs1">Manning, John F. (January 2006). "What Divides Textualists from Purposivists?". <i><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Law_Review" title="Columbia Law Review">Columbia Law Review</a></i>. <b>106</b> (1): 70–111. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/4099461">4099461</a>. <a href="/wiki/SSRN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="SSRN (identifier)">SSRN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2849247">2849247</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Columbia+Law+Review&rft.atitle=What+Divides+Textualists+from+Purposivists%3F&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=70-111&rft.date=2006-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpapers.ssrn.com%2Fsol3%2Fpapers.cfm%3Fabstract_id%3D2849247%23id-name%3DSSRN&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F4099461%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Manning&rft.aufirst=John+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+F.+Manning" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFManning2006" class="citation journal cs1">Manning, John F. (2006). "Competing Presumptions About Statutory Coherence". <i><a href="/wiki/Fordham_Law_Review" title="Fordham Law Review">Fordham Law Review</a></i>. <b>74</b>. <a href="/wiki/SSRN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="SSRN (identifier)">SSRN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2854518">2854518</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fordham+Law+Review&rft.atitle=Competing+Presumptions+About+Statutory+Coherence&rft.volume=74&rft.date=2006&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpapers.ssrn.com%2Fsol3%2Fpapers.cfm%3Fabstract_id%3D2854518%23id-name%3DSSRN&rft.aulast=Manning&rft.aufirst=John+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+F.+Manning" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFManning2009" class="citation journal cs1">Manning, John F. (June 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://harvardlawreview.org/print/vol-122/federalism-and-the-generality-problem-in-constitutional-interpretation/">"Federalism and the Generality Problem in Constitutional Interpretation"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Law_Review" title="Harvard Law Review">Harvard Law Review</a></i>. <b>122</b> (8): 2003–2069. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40379785">40379785</a>. <a href="/wiki/SSRN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="SSRN (identifier)">SSRN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2849593">2849593</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Harvard+Law+Review&rft.atitle=Federalism+and+the+Generality+Problem+in+Constitutional+Interpretation&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=2003-2069&rft.date=2009-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpapers.ssrn.com%2Fsol3%2Fpapers.cfm%3Fabstract_id%3D2849593%23id-name%3DSSRN&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40379785%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Manning&rft.aufirst=John+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fharvardlawreview.org%2Fprint%2Fvol-122%2Ffederalism-and-the-generality-problem-in-constitutional-interpretation%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+F.+Manning" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_F._Manning&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_law_clerks_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States_(Seat_9)" title="List of law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States (Seat 9)">List of law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States (Seat 9)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_F._Manning&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Manning was editor of the 6th edition, 2009, with <a href="/wiki/Richard_H._Fallon_Jr." title="Richard H. Fallon Jr.">Richard H. Fallon Jr.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Meltzer" title="Daniel Meltzer">Daniel Meltzer</a>, and <a href="/wiki/David_I._Shapiro" title="David I. Shapiro">David I. Shapiro</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Manning was editor of the 2nd edition, 2013, of <i>Legislation and Regulation</i> with <a href="/wiki/Matthew_C._Stephenson" title="Matthew C. Stephenson">Matthew C. Stephenson</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_12-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_F._Manning&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hls.harvard.edu/faculty/john-f-manning/">"John F. Manning"</a>. <i>Harvard Law School</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Manning</a>, videos at C-SPAN.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oyez.org/advocates/john_f_manning">Appearances at the U.S. Supreme Court</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Oyez_Project" title="Oyez Project">Oyez Project</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #DAA520;">Academic offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Martha_Minow" title="Martha Minow">Martha Minow</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Dean_of_Harvard_Law_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Dean of Harvard Law School">Dean of Harvard Law School</a> </b><br />2017–2024 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Incumbent</b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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style="color:white">History</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Harvard_(clergyman)" title="John Harvard (clergyman)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">John Harvard</span></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_John_Harvard" title="Statue of John Harvard"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">statue</span></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Harvard_University" title="President of Harvard University"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">President</span></a> <a href="/wiki/Alan_Garber" title="Alan Garber"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Alan Garber</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Board_of_Overseers" title="Harvard Board of Overseers"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Board of Overseers</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_and_Fellows_of_Harvard_College" title="President and Fellows of Harvard College"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">President and Fellows</span></a></li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Provost</span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">John Manning</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Library" title="Harvard Library"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Library</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#A31F36;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #2C2A29, inset -2px -2px 0 #2C2A29;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Faculty_of_Arts_and_Sciences" title="Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences"><span style="color:white">Arts and<br /> Sciences</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Dean <a href="/wiki/Hopi_Hoekstra" title="Hopi Hoekstra">Hopi Hoekstra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#A31F36;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #2C2A29, inset -2px -2px 0 #2C2A29;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Harvard_College" title="Harvard College"><span style="color:white">College</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Dean <a href="/wiki/Rakesh_Khurana" title="Rakesh Khurana">Rakesh Khurana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radcliffe_College" title="Radcliffe College">Radcliffe College</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Harvard_College_freshman_dormitories" title="List of Harvard College freshman dormitories">Freshman dormitories</a></li> <li>Upperclass houses <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adams_House_(Harvard_College)" title="Adams House (Harvard College)">Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabot_House" title="Cabot House">Cabot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Currier_House_(Harvard_College)" title="Currier House (Harvard College)">Currier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dudley_Community" title="Dudley Community">Dudley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunster_House" title="Dunster House">Dunster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliot_House_(Harvard_College)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eliot House (Harvard College)">Eliot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirkland_House" title="Kirkland House">Kirkland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leverett_House" title="Leverett House">Leverett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowell_House" title="Lowell House">Lowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mather_House_(Harvard_College)" title="Mather House (Harvard College)">Mather</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pforzheimer_House" title="Pforzheimer House">Pforzheimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quincy_House_(Harvard_College)" title="Quincy House (Harvard College)">Quincy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winthrop_House" title="Winthrop House">Winthrop</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Harvard_College_undergraduate_organizations" title="List of Harvard College undergraduate organizations">Undergraduate organizations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hasty_Pudding_Theatricals" title="Hasty Pudding Theatricals">Hasty Pudding Theatricals</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Harvard_Advocate" title="The Harvard Advocate">The Harvard Advocate</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Harvard_Crimson" title="The Harvard Crimson">The Harvard Crimson</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Harvard_Independent" title="The Harvard Independent">The Harvard Independent</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Harvard_Lampoon" title="The Harvard Lampoon">The Harvard Lampoon</a></i></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Crimson" title="Harvard Crimson">Athletics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Crimson_baseball" title="Harvard Crimson baseball">Baseball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Crimson_men%27s_basketball" title="Harvard Crimson men's basketball">Men's basketball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Crimson_women%27s_basketball" title="Harvard Crimson women's basketball">Women's basketball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Crimson_fencing" title="Harvard Crimson fencing">Fencing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Crimson_football" title="Harvard Crimson football">Football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Crimson_men%27s_ice_hockey" title="Harvard Crimson men's ice hockey">Men's ice hockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Crimson_women%27s_ice_hockey" title="Harvard Crimson women's ice hockey">Women's ice hockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Crimson_men%27s_lacrosse" title="Harvard Crimson men's lacrosse">Men's lacrosse‎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_rugby" title="Harvard rugby">Men's rugby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_women%27s_rugby" title="Harvard women's rugby">Women's rugby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Crimson_men%27s_soccer" title="Harvard Crimson men's soccer">Men's soccer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Crimson_women%27s_soccer" title="Harvard Crimson women's soccer">Women's soccer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Crimson_men%27s_squash" title="Harvard Crimson men's squash">Men's squash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Crimson_men%27s_volleyball" title="Harvard Crimson men's volleyball">Men's volleyball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Crimson_women%27s_volleyball" title="Harvard Crimson women's volleyball">Women's volleyball</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivy_League" title="Ivy League">Ivy League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornell%E2%80%93Harvard_hockey_rivalry" title="Cornell–Harvard hockey rivalry">Cornell hockey rivalry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard%E2%80%93Yale_football_rivalry" title="Harvard–Yale football rivalry">Yale football rivalry</a></li> <li>Stadiums and arenas <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beanpot_(ice_hockey)" title="Beanpot (ice hockey)">Beanpot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bright-Landry_Hockey_Center" title="Bright-Landry Hockey Center">Bright-Landry Hockey Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Stadium" title="Harvard Stadium">Harvard Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan_Field" title="Jordan Field">Jordan Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavietes_Pavilion" title="Lavietes Pavilion">Lavietes Pavilion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohiri_Field" title="Ohiri Field">Ohiri Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malkin_Athletic_Center" title="Malkin Athletic Center">Malkin Athletic Center</a></li></ul></li> <li>Boathouses <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Newell_Boathouse" title="Newell Boathouse">Newell Boathouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weld_Boathouse" title="Weld Boathouse">Weld Boathouse</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#A31F36;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #2C2A29, inset -2px -2px 0 #2C2A29;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Division_of_Continuing_Education" title="Harvard Division of Continuing Education"><span style="color:white">Continuing Education</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Dean Nancy Coleman</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Extension_School" title="Harvard Extension School">Extension School</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Harvard_Extension_School" title="History of Harvard Extension School">Extension School history</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Summer_School" title="Harvard Summer School">Summer School</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#A31F36;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #2C2A29, inset -2px -2px 0 #2C2A29;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Harvard_John_A._Paulson_School_of_Engineering_and_Applied_Sciences" title="Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences"><span style="color:white">Engineering and<br />Applied Sciences</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Dean <a href="/wiki/David_C._Parkes" title="David C. Parkes">David C. Parkes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyman_Laboratory_of_Physics" title="Lyman Laboratory of Physics">Lyman Laboratory of Physics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#A31F36;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #2C2A29, inset -2px -2px 0 #2C2A29;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Graduate_School_of_Arts_and_Sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences"><span style="color:white">Graduate School</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Dean <a href="/wiki/Emma_Dench" title="Emma Dench">Emma Dench</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#A31F36;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #2C2A29, inset -2px -2px 0 #2C2A29;;width:1%">Libraries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cabot_Science_Library" title="Cabot Science Library">Cabot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard%E2%80%93Yenching_Library" title="Harvard–Yenching Library">Harvard-Yenching</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houghton_Library" title="Houghton Library">Houghton</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Review" title="Harvard Review">Harvard Review</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamont_Library" title="Lamont Library">Lamont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pusey_Library" title="Pusey Library">Pusey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Widener_Library" title="Widener Library">Widener</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Elkins_Widener" title="Harry Elkins Widener">Harry Elkins Widener</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Elkins_Widener" title="Eleanor Elkins Widener">Eleanor Elkins Widener</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grossman_Library" title="Grossman Library">Grossman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#A31F36;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #2C2A29, inset -2px -2px 0 #2C2A29;;width:1%">Centers, institutes,<br />and societies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Asia_Center" title="Harvard University Asia Center">Asia Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hutchins_Center_for_African_and_African_American_Research" title="Hutchins Center for African and African American Research">Center for African and African American Research</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/W._E._B._Du_Bois_Research_Institute" title="W. E. B. Du Bois Research Institute">Du Bois Institute</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard%E2%80%93Smithsonian_Center_for_Astrophysics" title="Harvard–Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics">Center for Astrophysics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairbank_Center_for_Chinese_Studies" title="Fairbank Center for Chinese Studies">Center for Chinese Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minda_de_Gunzburg_Center_for_European_Studies" title="Minda de Gunzburg Center for European Studies">Center for European Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carpenter_Center_for_the_Visual_Arts" title="Carpenter Center for the Visual Arts">Center for Visual Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Hellenic_Studies" title="Center for Hellenic Studies">Center for Hellenic Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dumbarton_Oaks" title="Dumbarton Oaks">Dumbarton Oaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Forest" title="Harvard Forest">Harvard Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Rowland_Institute_at_Harvard" title="The Rowland Institute at Harvard">Rowland Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Ukrainian_Research_Institute" title="Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute">Ukrainian Research Institute</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#A31F36;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #2C2A29, inset -2px -2px 0 #2C2A29;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Business_School" title="Harvard Business School"><span style="color:white">Business</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Dean <a href="/wiki/Srikant_Datar" title="Srikant Datar">Srikant Datar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baker_Library/Bloomberg_Center" title="Baker Library/Bloomberg Center">Baker Library/Bloomberg Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Business_Publishing" title="Harvard Business Publishing">Harvard Business Publishing</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Business_Review" title="Harvard Business Review">Harvard Business Review</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Business_School_RFC" title="Harvard Business School RFC">Harvard Business School RFC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spangler_Center" title="Spangler Center">Spangler Center</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#A31F36;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #2C2A29, inset -2px -2px 0 #2C2A29;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Graduate_School_of_Design" title="Harvard Graduate School of Design"><span style="color:white">Design</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Dean <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Whiting" title="Sarah Whiting">Sarah Whiting</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Design_Magazine" title="Harvard Design Magazine">Harvard Design Magazine</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Center_for_Housing_Studies" title="Joint Center for Housing Studies">Center for Housing Studies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#A31F36;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #2C2A29, inset -2px -2px 0 #2C2A29;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Divinity_School" title="Harvard Divinity School"><span style="color:white">Divinity</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Dean <a href="/wiki/David_N._Hempton" title="David N. Hempton">David N. Hempton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#A31F36;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #2C2A29, inset -2px -2px 0 #2C2A29;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Graduate_School_of_Education" title="Harvard Graduate School of Education"><span style="color:white">Education</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Dean <a href="/wiki/Bridget_Terry_Long" title="Bridget Terry Long">Bridget Terry Long</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#A31F36;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #2C2A29, inset -2px -2px 0 #2C2A29;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Kennedy_School" title="Harvard Kennedy School"><span style="color:white">Government</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Dean Jeremy M. Weinstein</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ash_Center_for_Democratic_Governance_and_Innovation" title="Ash Center for Democratic Governance and Innovation">Ash Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belfer_Center_for_Science_and_International_Affairs" title="Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs">Belfer Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carr_Center_for_Human_Rights_Policy" title="Carr Center for Human Rights Policy">Carr Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmond_%26_Lily_Safra_Center_for_Ethics" title="Edmond & Lily Safra Center for Ethics">Center for Ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Center_for_Housing_Studies" title="Joint Center for Housing Studies">Center for Housing Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hauser_Center_for_Nonprofit_Organizations" title="Hauser Center for Nonprofit Organizations">Center for Nonprofit Organizations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Public_Leadership" title="Center for Public Leadership">Center for Public Leadership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Institute_of_Politics" title="Harvard Institute of Politics">Institute of Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rappaport_Institute_for_Greater_Boston" title="Rappaport Institute for Greater Boston">Rappaport Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shorenstein_Center_on_Media,_Politics_and_Public_Policy" title="Shorenstein Center on Media, Politics and Public Policy">Shorenstein Center</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Journalist%27s_Resource" title="The Journalist's Resource">The Journalist's Resource</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#A31F36;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #2C2A29, inset -2px -2px 0 #2C2A29;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Law_School" title="Harvard Law School"><span style="color:white">Law</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Dean <a class="mw-selflink selflink">John F. Manning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berkman_Klein_Center_for_Internet_%26_Society" title="Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society">Berkman Klein Center</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Civil_Rights%E2%80%93Civil_Liberties_Law_Review" title="Harvard Civil Rights–Civil Liberties Law Review">Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Harvard_International_Law_Journal" title="Harvard International Law Journal">International Law Journal</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Journal_of_Law_%26_Technology" title="Harvard Journal of Law & Technology">Journal of Law & Technology</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Journal_on_Legislation" title="Harvard Journal on Legislation">Journal on Legislation</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Law_Record" title="Harvard Law Record">Law Record</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Law_Review" title="Harvard Law Review">Law Review</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#A31F36;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #2C2A29, inset -2px -2px 0 #2C2A29;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Medical_School" title="Harvard Medical School"><span style="color:white">Medicine</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Dean <a href="/wiki/George_Q._Daley" title="George Q. Daley">George Q. Daley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broad_Institute" title="Broad Institute">Broad Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Medical_Library" title="Boston Medical Library">Medical Library</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Anatomical_Museum" title="Warren Anatomical Museum">Anatomical Museum</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard%E2%80%93MIT_Program_in_Health_Sciences_and_Technology" title="Harvard–MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology">Program in Health Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_School_of_Dental_Medicine" title="Harvard School of Dental Medicine">School of Dental Medicine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#A31F36;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #2C2A29, inset -2px -2px 0 #2C2A29;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Harvard_T.H._Chan_School_of_Public_Health" title="Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health"><span style="color:white">Public Health</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Dean <a href="/wiki/Michelle_Ann_Williams" title="Michelle Ann Williams">Michelle Ann Williams</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#A31F36;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #2C2A29, inset -2px -2px 0 #2C2A29;;width:1%">Museums and<br /> arboretum</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arnold_Arboretum" title="Arnold Arboretum">Arnold Arboretum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Art_Museums" title="Harvard Art Museums">Harvard Art Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peabody_Museum_of_Archaeology_and_Ethnology" title="Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology">Archaeology and Ethnology Museum</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Busch%E2%80%93Reisinger_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Busch–Reisinger Museum">Busch–Reisinger Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fogg_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Fogg Museum">Fogg Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_M._Sackler_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Arthur M. Sackler Museum">Sackler Museum</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Collection_of_Historical_Scientific_Instruments" title="Harvard Collection of Historical Scientific Instruments">Collection of Scientific Instruments</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glass_Flowers" title="Glass Flowers">Glass Flowers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Mineralogical_Museum" title="Harvard Mineralogical Museum">Mineralogical Museum</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Artemas_Ward_House" title="General Artemas Ward House">General Artemas Ward House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Museum_of_Natural_History" title="Harvard Museum of Natural History">Natural History Museum</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Comparative_Zoology" title="Museum of Comparative Zoology">Comparative Zoology Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Herbaria" title="Harvard University Herbaria">Herbaria</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Museum_of_the_Ancient_Near_East" title="Harvard Museum of the Ancient Near East">Museum of the Ancient Near East</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#A31F36;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #2C2A29, inset -2px -2px 0 #2C2A29;;width:1%">Cambridge<br /> campus</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boylston_Hall_(Harvard_University)" title="Boylston Hall (Harvard University)">Boylston Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Stow_Bradley_Jr._Memorial" title="Robert Stow Bradley Jr. Memorial">Bradley Memorial</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Discobolus_(Harvard_University)" title="Discobolus (Harvard University)">Discobolus</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gates_of_Harvard_Yard" title="Gates of Harvard Yard">Gates of Harvard Yard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Graduate_Center" title="Harvard Graduate Center">Graduate Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Hall" title="Harvard Hall">Harvard Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memorial_Church_of_Harvard_University" title="Memorial Church of Harvard University">Memorial Church</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Choir" title="Harvard University Choir">Choir</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Yard" title="Harvard Yard">Harvard Yard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Hall_(Harvard_University)" title="Massachusetts Hall (Harvard University)">Massachusetts Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memorial_Hall_(Harvard_University)" title="Memorial Hall (Harvard University)">Memorial Hall</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Night_Wall_I" title="Night Wall I">Night Wall I</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peabody_Terrace" title="Peabody Terrace">Peabody Terrace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President%27s_House_(Harvard)" title="President's House (Harvard)">President's House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Science_Center" title="Harvard Science Center">Science Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smith_Campus_Center" title="Smith Campus Center">Smith Campus Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Hall_(Harvard_University)" title="University Hall (Harvard University)">University Hall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#A31F36;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #2C2A29, inset -2px -2px 0 #2C2A29;;width:1%">Centers and<br /> institutes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Innovation_Labs" title="Harvard Innovation Labs">Harvard Innovation Labs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Green_High_Performance_Computing_Center" title="Massachusetts Green High Performance Computing Center">Computing Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Radcliffe_Institute" title="Harvard Radcliffe Institute">Harvard Radcliffe Institute</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Schlesinger_Library" title="Schlesinger Library">Schlesinger Library</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_for_Advanced_Theater_Training" title="Institute for Advanced Theater Training">Institute for Advanced Theater Training</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nieman_Foundation_for_Journalism" title="Nieman Foundation for Journalism">Nieman Foundation for Journalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_Colegio_Complutense" title="Real Colegio Complutense">Real Colegio Complutense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_I_Tatti" title="Villa I Tatti">Villa I Tatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wyss_Institute_for_Biologically_Inspired_Engineering" title="Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering">Wyss Institute</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#A31F36;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #2C2A29, inset -2px -2px 0 #2C2A29;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Harvard_University_people" title="List of Harvard University people">List of Harvard University people</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Harvard_University_non-graduate_alumni" title="List of Harvard University non-graduate alumni">Non-graduate alumni</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#A31F36;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #2C2A29, inset -2px -2px 0 #2C2A29;;width:1%">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fair_Harvard" title="Fair Harvard">Alma mater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_and_traditions_of_Harvard_commencements" title="History and traditions of Harvard commencements">Commencement traditions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academic_regalia_of_Harvard_University" title="Academic regalia of Harvard University">Academic regalia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Graduate_Students_Union" title="Harvard Graduate Students Union">Graduate Students Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heraldry_of_Harvard_University" title="Heraldry of Harvard University">Heraldry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Tercentenary_celebration" title="Harvard Tercentenary celebration">Tercentenary celebration</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Magazine" title="Harvard Magazine">Harvard Magazine</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lionel_de_Jersey_Harvard" title="Lionel de Jersey Harvard">Lionel de Jersey Harvard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Math_55" title="Math 55">Math 55</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Society_of_Fellows" title="Harvard Society of Fellows">Society of Fellows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_University_Professors_at_Harvard_University" title="List of University Professors at Harvard University">University Professor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="background-color:#A31F36;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #2C2A29, inset -2px -2px 0 #2C2A29;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Harvard_University" title="Category:Harvard University"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Category</span></a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Harvard_University" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Harvard University"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Commons</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6232439#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6232439#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6232439#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/78443168">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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