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Messier Objects by Constellation | Messier Objects
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Constellation - Messier Objects" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Messier objects are easiest to find using the stars and asterisms in different constellations. Only 34 out of the 88 constellations contain Messier objects. Most of these constellations – 22 of them – are located in the northern celestial hemisphere and 12 are in the southern sky. 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data-row-id="bottom" data-show-on="desktop"> <div class="header--row-inner header-bottom-inner"> <div class="container"> <div class="row row--wrapper" data-section="hfg_header_layout_bottom" > <div class="hfg-slot left"></div><div class="hfg-slot center"><div class="builder-item has-nav"><div class="item--inner builder-item--primary-menu has_menu" data-section="header_menu_primary" data-item-id="primary-menu"> <div class="nv-nav-wrap"> <div role="navigation" class="nav-menu-primary" aria-label="Primary Menu"> <ul id="nv-primary-navigation-bottom" class="primary-menu-ul nav-ul menu-desktop"><li id="menu-item-2868" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-home menu-item-2868"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/">Home</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-3841" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3841"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-catalogue/">Messier 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menu-item-2870"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-1-crab-nebula/">Messier 1: Crab Nebula</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2871" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2871"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-2/">Messier 2</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2872" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2872"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-3/">Messier 3</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2873" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2873"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-4/">Messier 4</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2874" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2874"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-5/">Messier 5</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2875" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2875"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-6-butterfly-cluster/">Messier 6: Butterfly Cluster</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2876" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2876"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-7-ptolemys-cluster/">Messier 7: Ptolemy’s Cluster</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2877" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2877"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-8-lagoon-nebula/">Messier 8: Lagoon Nebula</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2878" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2878"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-9/">Messier 9</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2879" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2879"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-10/">Messier 10</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2880" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2880"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-11-wild-duck-cluster/">Messier 11: Wild Duck Cluster</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2881" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2881"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-12-gumball-globular/">Messier 12: Gumball Globular</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2882" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2882"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-13-hercules-globular-cluster/">Messier 13: Hercules Globular Cluster</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2883" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2883"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-14/">Messier 14</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2884" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2884"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-15-great-pegasus-cluster/">Messier 15: Great Pegasus Cluster</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2885" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2885"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-16-eagle-nebula/">Messier 16: Eagle Nebula</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2886" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2886"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-17-omega-nebula/">Messier 17: Omega Nebula</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2887" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2887"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-18/">Messier 18</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2888" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2888"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-19/">Messier 19</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2889" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2889"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-20-trifid-nebula/">Messier 20: Trifid Nebula</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2890" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2890"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-21/">Messier 21</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2891" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2891"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-22-sagittarius-cluster/">Messier 22: Sagittarius Cluster</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2892" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2892"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-23/">Messier 23</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2893" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2893"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-24-sagittarius-star-cloud/">Messier 24: Sagittarius Star Cloud</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2894" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2894"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-25/">Messier 25</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2895" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2895"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-26/">Messier 26</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2896" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2896"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-27-dumbbell-nebula/">Messier 27: Dumbbell Nebula</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2897" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2897"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-28/">Messier 28</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2898" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2898"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-29/">Messier 29</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2899" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2899"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-30/">Messier 30</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2900" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2900"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-31-andromeda-galaxy/">Messier 31: Andromeda Galaxy</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2901" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2901"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-32-le-gentil/">Messier 32: Le Gentil</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2902" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2902"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-33-triangulum-galaxy/">Messier 33: Triangulum Galaxy</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2903" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2903"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-34/">Messier 34</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2904" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2904"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-35/">Messier 35</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2905" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2905"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-36-pinwheel-cluster/">Messier 36: Pinwheel Cluster</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2906" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2906"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-37/">Messier 37</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2907" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2907"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-38-starfish-cluster/">Messier 38: Starfish Cluster</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2908" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2908"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-39/">Messier 39</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2909" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2909"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-40-winnecke-4/">Messier 40: Winnecke 4</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2910" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2910"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-41/">Messier 41</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2911" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2911"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-42-orion-nebula/">Messier 42: Orion Nebula</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2912" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2912"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-43-de-mairans-nebula/">Messier 43: De Mairan’s Nebula</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2913" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2913"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-44-beehive-cluster/">Messier 44: Beehive Cluster</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2914" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2914"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-45-pleiades/">Messier 45: Pleiades</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2915" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2915"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-46/">Messier 46</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2916" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2916"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-47/">Messier 47</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2917" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2917"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-48/">Messier 48</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2918" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2918"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-49/">Messier 49</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2919" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2919"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-50-heart-shaped-cluster/">Messier 50: Heart-Shaped Cluster</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2920" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2920"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-51-whirlpool-galaxy/">Messier 51: Whirlpool Galaxy</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2921" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2921"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-52/">Messier 52</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2922" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2922"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-53/">Messier 53</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2923" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2923"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-54/">Messier 54</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2924" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2924"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-55-summer-rose-star/">Messier 55: Summer Rose Star</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2925" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2925"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-56/">Messier 56</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2926" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2926"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-57-ring-nebula/">Messier 57: Ring Nebula</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2927" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2927"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-58/">Messier 58</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2928" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2928"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-59/">Messier 59</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2929" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2929"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-60/">Messier 60</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2930" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2930"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-61/">Messier 61</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2931" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2931"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-62/">Messier 62</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2932" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2932"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-63-sunflower-galaxy/">Messier 63: Sunflower Galaxy</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2933" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2933"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-64-black-eye-galaxy/">Messier 64: Black Eye Galaxy</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2934" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2934"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-65/">Messier 65</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2935" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2935"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-66/">Messier 66</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2936" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2936"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-67-king-cobra-cluster/">Messier 67: King Cobra Cluster</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2937" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2937"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-68/">Messier 68</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2938" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2938"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-69/">Messier 69</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2939" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2939"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-70/">Messier 70</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2940" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2940"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-71/">Messier 71</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2941" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2941"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-72/">Messier 72</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2942" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2942"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-73/">Messier 73</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2943" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2943"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-74-phantom-galaxy/">Messier 74: Phantom Galaxy</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2944" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2944"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-75/">Messier 75</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2945" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2945"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-76-little-dumbbell-nebula/">Messier 76: Little Dumbbell Nebula</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2946" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2946"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-77-cetus-a/">Messier 77: Cetus A</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2947" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2947"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-78/">Messier 78</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2948" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2948"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-79/">Messier 79</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2949" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2949"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-80/">Messier 80</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2950" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2950"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-81-bodes-galaxy/">Messier 81: Bode’s Galaxy</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2951" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2951"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-82-cigar-galaxy/">Messier 82: Cigar Galaxy</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2952" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2952"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-83-southern-pinwheel-galaxy/">Messier 83: Southern Pinwheel Galaxy</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2953" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2953"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-84/">Messier 84</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2954" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2954"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-85/">Messier 85</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2955" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2955"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-86/">Messier 86</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2956" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2956"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-87-virgo-a/">Messier 87: Virgo A</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2957" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2957"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-88/">Messier 88</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2958" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2958"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-89/">Messier 89</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2959" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2959"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-90/">Messier 90</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2960" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2960"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-91/">Messier 91</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2961" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2961"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-92/">Messier 92</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2962" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2962"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-93/">Messier 93</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2963" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2963"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-94-cats-eye-galaxy/">Messier 94: Cat’s Eye Galaxy</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2964" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2964"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-95/">Messier 95</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2965" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2965"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-96/">Messier 96</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2966" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2966"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-97-owl-nebula/">Messier 97: Owl Nebula</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2967" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2967"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-98/">Messier 98</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2968" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2968"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-99-coma-pinwheel/">Messier 99: Coma Pinwheel</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2969" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2969"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-100/">Messier 100</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2970" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2970"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-101-pinwheel-galaxy/">Messier 101: Pinwheel Galaxy</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2971" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2971"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-102-spindle-galaxy/">Messier 102: Spindle Galaxy</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2972" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2972"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-103/">Messier 103</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2973" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2973"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-104-sombrero-galaxy/">Messier 104: Sombrero Galaxy</a></div></li> <li id="menu-item-2974" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2974"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-105/">Messier 105</a></div></li> <li 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0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z"/></svg></span></button></div> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2870"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-1-crab-nebula/">Messier 1: Crab Nebula</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2871"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-2/">Messier 2</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2872"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-3/">Messier 3</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2873"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-4/">Messier 4</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2874"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-5/">Messier 5</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2875"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-6-butterfly-cluster/">Messier 6: Butterfly Cluster</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2876"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-7-ptolemys-cluster/">Messier 7: Ptolemy’s Cluster</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2877"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-8-lagoon-nebula/">Messier 8: Lagoon Nebula</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2878"><div 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menu-item-object-post menu-item-2883"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-14/">Messier 14</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2884"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-15-great-pegasus-cluster/">Messier 15: Great Pegasus Cluster</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2885"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-16-eagle-nebula/">Messier 16: Eagle Nebula</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2886"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-17-omega-nebula/">Messier 17: Omega Nebula</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2887"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-18/">Messier 18</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2888"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-19/">Messier 19</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2889"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-20-trifid-nebula/">Messier 20: Trifid Nebula</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2890"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-21/">Messier 21</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2891"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-22-sagittarius-cluster/">Messier 22: Sagittarius Cluster</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2892"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-23/">Messier 23</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2893"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-24-sagittarius-star-cloud/">Messier 24: Sagittarius Star Cloud</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2894"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-25/">Messier 25</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2895"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-26/">Messier 26</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2896"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-27-dumbbell-nebula/">Messier 27: Dumbbell Nebula</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2897"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-28/">Messier 28</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2898"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-29/">Messier 29</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2899"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-30/">Messier 30</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2900"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-31-andromeda-galaxy/">Messier 31: Andromeda Galaxy</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2901"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-32-le-gentil/">Messier 32: Le Gentil</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2902"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-33-triangulum-galaxy/">Messier 33: Triangulum Galaxy</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2903"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-34/">Messier 34</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2904"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-35/">Messier 35</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2905"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-36-pinwheel-cluster/">Messier 36: Pinwheel Cluster</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2906"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-37/">Messier 37</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2907"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-38-starfish-cluster/">Messier 38: Starfish Cluster</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2908"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-39/">Messier 39</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2909"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-40-winnecke-4/">Messier 40: Winnecke 4</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2910"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-41/">Messier 41</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2911"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-42-orion-nebula/">Messier 42: Orion Nebula</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2912"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-43-de-mairans-nebula/">Messier 43: De Mairan’s Nebula</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2913"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-44-beehive-cluster/">Messier 44: Beehive Cluster</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2914"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-45-pleiades/">Messier 45: Pleiades</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2915"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-46/">Messier 46</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2916"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-47/">Messier 47</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2917"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-48/">Messier 48</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2918"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-49/">Messier 49</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2919"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-50-heart-shaped-cluster/">Messier 50: Heart-Shaped Cluster</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2920"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-51-whirlpool-galaxy/">Messier 51: Whirlpool Galaxy</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2921"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-52/">Messier 52</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2922"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-53/">Messier 53</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2923"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-54/">Messier 54</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2924"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-55-summer-rose-star/">Messier 55: Summer Rose Star</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2925"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-56/">Messier 56</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2926"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-57-ring-nebula/">Messier 57: Ring Nebula</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2927"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-58/">Messier 58</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2928"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-59/">Messier 59</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2929"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-60/">Messier 60</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2930"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-61/">Messier 61</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2931"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-62/">Messier 62</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2932"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-63-sunflower-galaxy/">Messier 63: Sunflower Galaxy</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2933"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-64-black-eye-galaxy/">Messier 64: Black Eye Galaxy</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2934"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-65/">Messier 65</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2935"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-66/">Messier 66</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2936"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-67-king-cobra-cluster/">Messier 67: King Cobra Cluster</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2937"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-68/">Messier 68</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2938"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-69/">Messier 69</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2939"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-70/">Messier 70</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2940"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-71/">Messier 71</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2941"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-72/">Messier 72</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2942"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-73/">Messier 73</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2943"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-74-phantom-galaxy/">Messier 74: Phantom Galaxy</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2944"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-75/">Messier 75</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2945"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-76-little-dumbbell-nebula/">Messier 76: Little Dumbbell Nebula</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2946"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-77-cetus-a/">Messier 77: Cetus A</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2947"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-78/">Messier 78</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2948"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-79/">Messier 79</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2949"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-80/">Messier 80</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2950"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-81-bodes-galaxy/">Messier 81: Bode’s Galaxy</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2951"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-82-cigar-galaxy/">Messier 82: Cigar Galaxy</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2952"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-83-southern-pinwheel-galaxy/">Messier 83: Southern Pinwheel Galaxy</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2953"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-84/">Messier 84</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2954"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-85/">Messier 85</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2955"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-86/">Messier 86</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2956"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-87-virgo-a/">Messier 87: Virgo A</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2957"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-88/">Messier 88</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2958"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-89/">Messier 89</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2959"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-90/">Messier 90</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2960"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-91/">Messier 91</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2961"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-92/">Messier 92</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2962"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-93/">Messier 93</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2963"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-94-cats-eye-galaxy/">Messier 94: Cat’s Eye Galaxy</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2964"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-95/">Messier 95</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2965"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-96/">Messier 96</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2966"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-97-owl-nebula/">Messier 97: Owl Nebula</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2967"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-98/">Messier 98</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2968"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-99-coma-pinwheel/">Messier 99: Coma Pinwheel</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2969"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-100/">Messier 100</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2970"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-101-pinwheel-galaxy/">Messier 101: Pinwheel Galaxy</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2971"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-102-spindle-galaxy/">Messier 102: Spindle Galaxy</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2972"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-103/">Messier 103</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2973"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-104-sombrero-galaxy/">Messier 104: Sombrero Galaxy</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2974"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-105/">Messier 105</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2975"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-106/">Messier 106</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2976"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-107/">Messier 107</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2977"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-108-surfboard-galaxy/">Messier 108: Surfboard Galaxy</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2978"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-109/">Messier 109</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-2979"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-110-edward-young-star/">Messier 110: Edward Young Star</a></div></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-item page_item page-item-3051 current_page_item menu-item-has-children menu-item-3054 nv-active"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-objects-by-constellation/" aria-current="page"><span class="menu-item-title-wrap dd-title">Messier Objects by Constellation</span></a><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="caret-wrap navbar-toggle 114" style="margin-left:5px;" aria-label="Toggle Messier Objects by Constellation"><span class="caret"><svg fill="currentColor" aria-label="Dropdown" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path d="M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z"/></svg></span></button></div> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3637"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-objects-by-constellation/messier-objects-in-canis-major/">Messier Objects in Canis Major</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3636"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-objects-by-constellation/messier-objects-in-cassiopeia/">Messier Objects in Cassiopeia</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3634"><div class="wrap"><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-objects-by-constellation/messier-objects-in-gemini/">Messier Objects in Gemini</a></div></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3635"><div class="wrap"><a 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(min-width:500px){.messier_objects_header{width:320px;height:100px}}@media (min-width:800px){.messier_objects_header{width:728px;height:90px}}</style> <ins class="adsbygoogle messier_objects_header" data-ad-client="ca-pub-0663561204264333" data-ad-slot="5272327740"></ins> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script> <script>(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});</script> </div> <main id="content" class="neve-main"> <div class="container single-page-container"> <div class="row"> <div class="nv-single-page-wrap col"> <div class="nv-page-title-wrap nv-big-title" > <div class="nv-page-title"> <small class="nv--yoast-breadcrumb neve-breadcrumbs-wrapper"><span><span><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/">Home</a></span> » <span class="breadcrumb_last" aria-current="page">Messier Objects by Constellation</span></span></small> <h1>Messier Objects by Constellation</h1> </div> </div> <div class="nv-content-wrap entry-content"><p>Messier objects are easiest to find using the stars and <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/asterisms/">asterisms</a> in different <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellations/">constellations</a>. Only 34 out of the 88 constellations contain Messier objects.</p> <p>Most of these constellations – 22 of them – are located in the northern celestial hemisphere and 12 are in the southern sky. The <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-map/northern-constellations/">northern constellations</a> that contain Messier objects are <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/andromeda-constellation/">Andromeda</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/auriga-constellation/">Auriga</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/cancer-constellation/">Cancer</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/canes-venatici-constellation/">Canes Venatici</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/cassiopeia-constellation/">Cassiopeia</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/coma-berenices-constellation/">Coma Berenices</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/cygnus-constellation/">Cygnus</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/draco-constellation/">Draco</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/gemini-constellation/">Gemini</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/hercules-constellation/">Hercules</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/leo-constellation/">Leo</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/lyra-constellation/">Lyra</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/monoceros-constellation/">Monoceros</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/orion-constellation/">Orion</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/pegasus-constellation/">Pegasus</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/pisces-constellation/">Pisces</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/sagitta-constellation/">Sagitta</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/serpens-constellation/">Serpens</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/taurus-constellation/">Taurus</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/triangulum-constellation/">Triangulum</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/ursa-major-constellation/">Ursa Major</a> and <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/vulpecula-constellation/">Vulpecula</a>. The <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-map/southern-constellations/">southern constellations</a> are <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/aquarius-constellation/">Aquarius</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/canis-major-constellation/">Canis Major</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/capricornus-constellation/">Capricornus</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/cetus-constellation/">Cetus</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/hydra-constellation/">Hydra</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/lepus-constellation/">Lepus</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/ophiuchus-constellation/">Ophiuchus</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/puppis-constellation/">Puppis</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/sagittarius-constellation/">Sagittarius</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/scorpius-constellation/">Scorpius</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/scutum-constellation/">Scutum</a> and <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/virgo-constellation/">Virgo</a>.</p> <p>The remaining 54 constellations either do not contain any particularly bright deep sky objects, or are located too far south to be visible from France, or Charles Messier simply overlooked or chose not to include some of the brighter objects found within their borders.</p> <p>Messier made his observations from Paris. For this reason, his catalogue does not include many famous deep sky objects that can only be seen from southern latitudes, such as the <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/large-magellanic-cloud/">Large Magellanic Cloud</a> (mag 0.9) in the constellations <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/dorado-constellation/">Dorado</a> and <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/mensa-constellation/">Mensa</a>, the Small Magellanic Cloud (mag. 2.7) in <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/tucana-constellation/">Tucana</a> and <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/hydrus-constellation/">Hydrus</a>, the globular clusters <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/omega-centauri-ngc-5139/">Omega Centauri</a> (mag. 3.9) in <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/centaurus-constellation/">Centaurus</a> and 47 Tucanae (mag. 4.09) in <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/tucana-constellation/">Tucana</a>, and the <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/carina-nebula/">Carina Nebula</a> (mag. 1.0) in <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/carina-constellation/">Carina</a>. All these objects are visible to the naked eye and appear quite large in good conditions, but cannot be seen from mid-northern latitudes.</p> <p>Messier specifically looked for objects which appeared similar to comets and might deceive other comet hunters, but even though he made exceptions with some objects that did not resemble comets and had been widely known since ancient times (the <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-45-pleiades/">Pleiades</a>, the <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-42-orion-nebula/">Orion Nebula</a>, <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-44-beehive-cluster/">Praesepe</a>), he did not do so with others. Notable absentees from <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-catalogue/">Messier’s catalogue</a> in the northern hemisphere include the <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/double-cluster/">Double Cluster</a> (NGC 869 and NGC 884, mag. 3.7 and 3.8) in <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/perseus-constellation/">Perseus</a>, the <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/hyades/">Hyades cluster</a> (mag. 0.5) in <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/taurus-constellation/">Taurus</a>, and the <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/helix-nebula-ngc-7293-caldwell-63-in-aquarius/">Helix Nebula</a> (NGC 7293, mag. 7.6) in <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/aquarius-constellation/">Aquarius</a>.</p> <p>The constellations with the greatest number of Messier objects are <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/sagittarius-constellation/">Sagittarius</a> (15) and <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/virgo-constellation/">Virgo</a> (11). <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/coma-berenices-constellation/">Coma Berenices</a> is home to eight objects, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/ophiuchus-constellation/">Ophiuchus</a> and <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/ursa-major-constellation/">Ursa Major</a> contain seven each, and <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/canes-venatici-constellation/">Canes Venatici</a> and <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/leo-constellation/">Leo</a> each host five.</p> <p><a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/sagittarius-constellation/">Sagittarius</a> lies in a particularly dense region of the Milky Way, in the direction of the galactic centre, which is why it contains a high number of bright clusters and nebulae. <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/virgo-constellation/">Virgo</a> and <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/coma-berenices-constellation/">Coma Berenices</a> are rich in Messier objects because they host the <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/virgo-cluster/">Virgo Cluster</a>, the nearest large galaxy cluster to the Milky Way. The total number of bright <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/virgo-cluster/">Virgo Cluster</a> galaxies included in <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-catalogue/">Messier’s catalogue</a> is 17. Eleven of these are found in <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/virgo-constellation/">Virgo</a> and six in <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/coma-berenices-constellation/">Coma Berenices</a>.</p> <p>The 54 constellations that do not contain any Messier objects are: <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/antlia-constellation/">Antlia</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/apus-constellation/">Apus</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/aquila-constellation/">Aquila</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/ara-constellation/">Ara</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/aries-constellation/">Aries</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/bootes-constellation/">Boötes</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/caelum-constellation/">Caelum</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/camelopardalis-constellation/">Camelopardalis</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/canis-minor-constellation/">Canis Minor</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/carina-constellation/">Carina</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/centaurus-constellation/">Centaurus</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/cepheus-constellation/">Cepheus</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/chamaeleon-constellation/">Chamaeleon</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/circinus-constellation/">Circinus</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/columba-constellation/">Columba</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/corona-australis-constellation/">Corona Australis</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/corona-borealis-constellation/">Corona Borealis</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/corvus-constellation/">Corvus</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/crater-constellation/">Crater</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/crux-constellation/">Crux</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/delphinus-constellation/">Delphinus</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/dorado-constellation/">Dorado</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/equuleus-constellation/">Equuleus</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/eridanus-constellation/">Eridanus</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/fornax-constellation/">Fornax</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/grus-constellation/">Grus</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/horologium-constellation/">Horologium</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/hydrus-constellation/">Hydrus</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/indus-constellation/">Indus</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/lacerta-constellation/">Lacerta</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/leo-minor-constellation/">Leo Minor</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/libra-constellation/">Libra</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/lupus-constellation/">Lupus</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/lynx-constellation/">Lynx</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/mensa-constellation/">Mensa</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/microscopium-constellation/">Microscopium</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/musca-constellation/">Musca</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/norma-constellation/">Norma</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/octans-constellation/">Octans</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/pavo-constellation/">Pavo</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/perseus-constellation/">Perseus</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/phoenix-constellation/">Phoenix</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/pictor-constellation/">Pictor</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/piscis-austrinus-constellation/">Piscis Austrinus</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/pyxis-constellation/">Pyxis</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/reticulum-constellation/">Reticulum</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/sculptor-constellation/">Sculptor</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/sextans-constellation/">Sextans</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/telescopium-constellation/">Telescopium</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/triangulum-australe-constellation/">Triangulum Australe</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/tucana-constellation/">Tucana</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/ursa-minor-constellation/">Ursa Minor</a>, <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/vela-constellation/">Vela</a> and <a href="https://www.constellation-guide.com/constellation-list/volans-constellation/">Volans</a>.</p> <p>Many of these constellations contain a number of bright deep sky objects that were not included in the <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-catalogue/">Messier catalogue</a>, but were later listed in the New General Catalogue (NGC) and the Index Catalogue (IC), which are far more comprehensive.</p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td width="103"><strong>Andromeda</strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 31</td> <td width="103">Messier 32</td> <td width="103">Messier 110</td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong>Aquarius</strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 2</td> <td width="103">Messier 72</td> <td width="103">Messier 73</td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong>Auriga</strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 36</td> <td width="103">Messier 37</td> <td width="103">Messier 38</td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong>Cancer</strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 44</td> <td width="103">Messier 67</td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong>Canes Venatici</strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 3</td> <td width="103">Messier 51</td> <td width="103">Messier 63</td> <td width="103">Messier 94</td> <td width="103">Messier 106</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong>Canis Major</strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 41</td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong>Capricornus</strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 30</td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong>Cassiopeia</strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 52</td> <td width="103">Messier 103</td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong>Cetus</strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 77</td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong>Coma Berenices</strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 53</td> <td width="103">Messier 64</td> <td width="103">Messier 85</td> <td width="103">Messier 88</td> <td width="103">Messier 91</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong> </strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 98</td> <td width="103">Messier 99</td> <td width="103">Messier 100</td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong>Cygnus</strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 29</td> <td width="103">Messier 39</td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong>Draco</strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 102</td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong>Gemini</strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 35</td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong>Hercules</strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 13</td> <td width="103">Messier 92</td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong>Hydra</strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 48</td> <td width="103">Messier 68</td> <td width="103">Messier 83</td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong>Leo</strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 65</td> <td width="103">Messier 66</td> <td width="103">Messier 95</td> <td width="103">Messier 96</td> <td width="103">Messier 105</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong>Lepus</strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 79</td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong>Lyra</strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 56</td> <td width="103">Messier 57</td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong>Monoceros</strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 50</td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong>Ophiuchus</strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 9</td> <td width="103">Messier 10</td> <td width="103">Messier 12</td> <td width="103">Messier 14</td> <td width="103">Messier 19</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong> </strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 62</td> <td width="103">Messier 107</td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong>Orion</strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 42</td> <td width="103">Messier 43</td> <td width="103">Messier 78</td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong>Pegasus</strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 34</td> <td width="103">Messier 76</td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong>Pisces</strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 74</td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong>Puppis</strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 46</td> <td width="103">Messier 47</td> <td width="103">Messier 93</td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong>Sagitta</strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 71</td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong>Sagittarius </strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 8</td> <td width="103">Messier 17</td> <td width="103">Messier 18</td> <td width="103">Messier 20</td> <td width="103">Messier 21</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong> </strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 22</td> <td width="103">Messier 23</td> <td width="103">Messier 24</td> <td width="103">Messier 25</td> <td width="103">Messier 28</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong> </strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 54</td> <td width="103">Messier 55</td> <td width="103">Messier 69</td> <td width="103">Messier 70</td> <td width="103">Messier 75</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong>Scorpius</strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 4</td> <td width="103">Messier 6</td> <td width="103">Messier 7</td> <td width="103">Messier 80</td> <td width="103"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong>Scutum</strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 11</td> <td width="103">Messier 26</td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong>Serpens</strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 5</td> <td width="103">Messier 16</td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong>Taurus</strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 1</td> <td width="103">Messier 45</td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong>Triangulum</strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 33</td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong>Ursa Major</strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 40</td> <td width="103">Messier 81</td> <td width="103">Messier 82</td> <td width="103">Messier 97</td> <td width="103">Messier 101</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong> </strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 108</td> <td width="103">Messier 109</td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong>Virgo </strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 49</td> <td width="103">Messier 58</td> <td width="103">Messier 59</td> <td width="103">Messier 60</td> <td width="103">Messier 61</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong> </strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 84</td> <td width="103">Messier 86</td> <td width="103">Messier 87</td> <td width="103">Messier 89</td> <td width="103">Messier 90</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong> </strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 104</td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103"><strong>Vulpecula </strong></td> <td width="103">Messier 27</td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> <td width="103"></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p> <p> </p> </div> </div> <div class="nv-sidebar-wrap col-sm-12 nv-right blog-sidebar" > <aside id="secondary" role="complementary"> <div id="text-3" class="widget widget_text"> <div class="textwidget"> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:block" data-ad-client="ca-pub-0663561204264333" data-ad-slot="7505940549" data-ad-format="auto"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> </div><div id="text-2" class="widget widget_text"><p class="widget-title">Messier Objects</p> <div class="textwidget"><p><a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-1-crab-nebula/">Messier 1: Crab Nebula</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-2/">Messier 2</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-3/">Messier 3</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-4/">Messier 4</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-5/">Messier 5</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-6-butterfly-cluster/">Messier 6: Butterfly Cluster</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-7-ptolemys-cluster/">Messier 7: Ptolemy Cluster</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-8-lagoon-nebula/">Messier 8: Lagoon Nebula</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-9/">Messier 9</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-10/">Messier 10</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-11-wild-duck-cluster/">Messier 11: Wild Duck Cluster</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-12-gumball-globular/">Messier 12: Gumball Globular</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-13-hercules-globular-cluster/">Messier 13: Hercules Globular Cluster</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-14/">Messier 14</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-15-great-pegasus-cluster/">Messier 15: Great Pegasus Cluster</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-16-eagle-nebula/">Messier 16: Eagle Nebula</a><br /> * <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/pillars-of-creation/">Pillars of Creation</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-17-omega-nebula/">Messier 17: Omega Nebula</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-18/">Messier 18</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-19/">Messier 19</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-20-trifid-nebula/">Messier 20: Trifid Nebula</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-21/">Messier 21</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-22-sagittarius-cluster/">Messier 22: Sagittarius Cluster</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-23/">Messier 23</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-24-sagittarius-star-cloud/">Messier 24: Sagittarius Star Cloud</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-25/">Messier 25</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-26/">Messier 26</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-27-dumbbell-nebula/">Messier 27: Dumbbell Nebula</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-28/">Messier 28</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-29/">Messier 29</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-30/">Messier 30</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-31-andromeda-galaxy/">Messier 31: Andromeda Galaxy</a><br /> * <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/mayall-ii/">Mayall II</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-32-le-gentil/">Messier 32: Le Gentil</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-33-triangulum-galaxy/">Messier 33: Triangulum Galaxy</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-34/">Messier 34</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-35/">Messier 35</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-36-pinwheel-cluster/">Messier 36: Pinwheel Cluster</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-37/">Messier 37</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-38-starfish-cluster/">Messier 38: Starfish Cluster</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-39/">Messier 39</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-40-winnecke-4/">Messier 40: Winnecke 4</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-41/">Messier 41</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-42-orion-nebula/">Messier 42: Orion Nebula</a><br /> * <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/trapezium-cluster/">Trapezium Cluster</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-43-de-mairans-nebula/">Messier 43: De Mairan's Nebula</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-44-beehive-cluster/">Messier 44: Beehive Cluster</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-45-pleiades/">Messier 45: Pleiades</a><br /> * <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/maia-nebula/">Maia Nebula</a><br /> * <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/merope-nebula/">Merope Nebula</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-46/">Messier 46</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-47/">Messier 47</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-48/">Messier 48</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-49/">Messier 49</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-50-heart-shaped-cluster/">Messier 50: Heart-Shaped Cluster</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-51-whirlpool-galaxy/">Messier 51: Whirlpool Galaxy</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-52/">Messier 52</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-53/">Messier 53</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-54/">Messier 54</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-55-summer-rose-star/">Messier 55: Summer Rose Star</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-56/">Messier 56</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-57-ring-nebula/">Messier 57: Ring Nebula</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-58/">Messier 58</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-59/">Messier 59</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-60/">Messier 60</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-61/">Messier 61</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-62/">Messier 62</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-63-sunflower-galaxy/">Messier 63: Sunflower Galaxy</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-64-black-eye-galaxy/">Messier 64: Black Eye Galaxy</a><br /> * <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/leo-triplet/">Leo Triplet</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-65/">Messier 65</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-66/">Messier 66</a><br /> * <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/ngc-3628-hamburger-galaxy/">NGC 3628: Hamburger Galaxy</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-67-king-cobra-cluster/">Messier 67: King Cobra Cluster</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-68/">Messier 68</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-69/">Messier 69</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-70/">Messier 70</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-71/">Messier 71</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-72/">Messier 72</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-73/">Messier 73</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-74-phantom-galaxy/">Messier 74: Phantom Galaxy</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-75/">Messier 75</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-76-little-dumbbell-nebula/">Messier 76: Little Dumbbell Nebula</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-77-cetus-a/">Messier 77: Cetus A</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-78/">Messier 78</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-79/">Messier 79</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-80/">Messier 80</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-81-bodes-galaxy/">Messier 81: Bode's Galaxy</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-82-cigar-galaxy/">Messier 82: Cigar Galaxy</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-83-southern-pinwheel-galaxy/">Messier 83: Southern Pinwheel Galaxy</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-84/">Messier 84</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-85/">Messier 85</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-86/">Messier 86</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-87-virgo-a/">Messier 87: Virgo A</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-88/">Messier 88</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-89/">Messier 89</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-90/">Messier 90</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-91/">Messier 91</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-92/">Messier 92</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-93/">Messier 93</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-94-cats-eye-galaxy/">Messier 94: Cat's Eye Galaxy</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-95/">Messier 95</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-96/">Messier 96</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-97-owl-nebula/">Messier 97: Owl Nebula</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-98/">Messier 98</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-99-coma-pinwheel/">Messier 99: Coma Pinwheel</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-100/">Messier 100</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-101-pinwheel-galaxy/">Messier 101: Pinwheel Galaxy</a><br /> <a href="https://www.messier-objects.com/messier-102-spindle-galaxy/">Messier 102: Spindle Galaxy</a><br /> <a 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