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Bareq</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Saif Bareq"> <meta name="keywords" content="Saif Bareq"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Saif Bareq"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 37</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Saif Bareq</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">37</span> Investigating the Pronunciation of '-S' and '-Ed' Suffixes in Yemeni English</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saif%20Bareq">Saif Bareq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vivek%20Mirgane"> Vivek Mirgane</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present paper seeks to explicate the pronunciation of the ‘-s’ and ‘-ed’ suffixes when applied in their relative places in word endings. It attempts to investigate the problems faced by Yemenis in the pronunciation of these suffixes in all occurrences and realizations. It discusses the realization of ‘s’ in the four areas of plural, 3rd person singular and genitive markers, and contraction of ‘has’ and ‘is’ as in he’s, it’s ..,etc. and shows how they are differently represented by three different sounds /s/, /z/ and /z/ based on the phonological structure of the words in which they occur. Similarly, it explains the realization of the ‘-ed’ suffix of the past and past participle marker and how it is realized differently by three sounds governed by the phonological structure of these words. Besides, it tries to shed some light on the English morphophonemic and phonological rules that govern the pronunciation of such troublesome endings. It is hypothesized that the absence of such phenomenon in the mother tongue pronunciation of these suffixes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suffixes%27%20Pronunciation" title="Suffixes' Pronunciation">Suffixes' Pronunciation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phonological%20Structure" title=" Phonological Structure"> Phonological Structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phonological%20Rules" title=" Phonological Rules"> Phonological Rules</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Morpho-Phonemics" title=" Morpho-Phonemics"> Morpho-Phonemics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yemeni%20English" title=" Yemeni English"> Yemeni English</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66130/investigating-the-pronunciation-of-s-and-ed-suffixes-in-yemeni-english" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66130.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">294</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">36</span> The Advancement of Environmental Impact Assessment for 5th Transmission Natural Gas Pipeline Project in Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Penrug%20Pengsombut">Penrug Pengsombut</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Worawut%20Hamarn"> Worawut Hamarn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Teerawuth%20Suwannasri"> Teerawuth Suwannasri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kittiphong%20Songrukkiat"> Kittiphong Songrukkiat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kanatip%20Ratanachoo"> Kanatip Ratanachoo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> PTT Public Company Limited or simply PTT has played an important role in strengthening national energy security of the Kingdom of Thailand by transporting natural gas to customers in power, industrial and commercial sectors since 1981. PTT has been constructing and operating natural gas pipeline system of over 4,500-km network length both onshore and offshore laid through different area classifications i.e., marine, forest, agriculture, rural, urban, and city areas. During project development phase, an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is conducted and submitted to the Office of Natural Resources and Environmental Policy and Planning (ONEP) for approval before project construction commencement. Knowledge and experiences gained and revealed from EIA in the past projects definitely are developed to further advance EIA study process for newly 5th Transmission Natural Gas Pipeline Project (5TP) with approximately 415 kilometers length. The preferred pipeline route is selected and justified by SMARTi map, an advance digital one-map platform with consists of multiple layers geographic and environmental information. Sensitive area impact focus (SAIF) is a practicable impact assessment methodology which appropriate for a particular long distance infrastructure project such as 5TP. An environmental modeling simulation is adopted into SAIF methodology for impact quantified in all sensitive areas whereas other area along pipeline right-of-ways is typically assessed as an impact representative. Resulting time and cost deduction is beneficial to project for early start. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20impact%20assessment" title="environmental impact assessment">environmental impact assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EIA" title=" EIA"> EIA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20gas%20pipeline" title=" natural gas pipeline"> natural gas pipeline</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensitive%20area%20impact%20focus" title=" sensitive area impact focus"> sensitive area impact focus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SAIF" title=" SAIF"> SAIF</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77171/the-advancement-of-environmental-impact-assessment-for-5th-transmission-natural-gas-pipeline-project-in-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77171.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">408</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">35</span> Inhibitory Attributes of Saudi Honey Against Hospital Acquired Methicillin Resistant Staph. aureus (MRSA) and Acinetobacter baumannii</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al-Hindi%20Rashad">Al-Hindi Rashad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alotibi%20Ibrahim"> Alotibi Ibrahim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study was to examine the antibacterial activity of the peroxide components of some locally produced honeys: Toran, Zaitoon (Olive), Shaflah, Saha, Jizan, Rabea Aja, Fakhira, Sedr Aljanoob, Tenhat, Karath and Bareq against two of the drug resistant bacteria; i.e., methicillin resistant Staph. aureus (MRSA, ATCC 43330) and Acinetobacter baumannii. Measurement of the antibacterial activity of honey samples by using the agar well diffusion method was adopted as follows: by using turbidity standard McFaraland 0.5, suspensions of bacterial strains MRSA ATCC 43330 and Acinetobacter baumannii were prepared. By the spreading plate method, 100 µl of the suspension was inoculated onto Muller-Hinton agar medium. On the inoculated agar medium, five wells were made using a sterile cork borer (diameter 5 mm).100 µl of honey dilutions (10%, 30%, 50%, 70% and 100%) were used. The study indicated that the highly effective activity was in some local honey samples such as Toran honey against MRSA, and Shafalah honey against MRSA and Acinetobacter baumannii which showed bactericidal effects at concentrations 70 % to 100 % as well. The majority of local honey samples recorded bacteriostatic effects on MRSA and Acinetobacter baumannii at consternations 50 % and above. In conclusion this investigation indicated that in regard to the majority inhibitory effect on microorganisms, the existing of H2O2 in honey samples together with phenolic content greatly provide a strong antibacterial activities among different types of honey, because in some previous studies the H2O2 content of honey interacts with phenolic content and showed better inhibitory effect than in absent of H2O2. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibacterial%20activity" title="antibacterial activity">antibacterial activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=honey" title=" honey"> honey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hospital%20acquired" title=" hospital acquired"> hospital acquired</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saudi%20Arabia" title=" Saudi Arabia"> Saudi Arabia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30900/inhibitory-attributes-of-saudi-honey-against-hospital-acquired-methicillin-resistant-staph-aureus-mrsa-and-acinetobacter-baumannii" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30900.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">492</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">34</span> The Impact of Indigenous Architecture and the Origin of Tomb Architecture in Indian Sub-Continent: A Case Study of the Tombs of Muhmmad B. Haroon, Saif-Ud-Daula Mahmud, Khalid Walid and Sultan Ghari; An Appraisal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tauqeer%20Ahmad">Tauqeer Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A lot of literature have been produced addressing the problem of origin and development of tomb architecture in Pakistan and India. In this attempt, the author would address this problem in the Indian prospective. Particularly, the impact of indigenous architecture would be analyzed in this research paper. As we observe that on early Muslim tombs in Indian sub-continent, to large extent, were contributed in term of architecture by local masons. So far as the material used in these early tombs is concerned was also picked from Indian tradition according to the availability and the local traditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khitti%20Chor" title="Khitti Chor">Khitti Chor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tomb%20of%20Sultan%20Ghari" title=" tomb of Sultan Ghari"> tomb of Sultan Ghari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tomb%20at%20Zairan" title=" tomb at Zairan"> tomb at Zairan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lasbela" title=" Lasbela "> Lasbela </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39124/the-impact-of-indigenous-architecture-and-the-origin-of-tomb-architecture-in-indian-sub-continent-a-case-study-of-the-tombs-of-muhmmad-b-haroon-saif-ud-daula-mahmud-khalid-walid-and-sultan-ghari-an-appraisal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39124.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">327</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">33</span> Detection of Selected Heavy Metals in Raw Milk: Lahore, Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huma%20Naeem">Huma Naeem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saif-Ur-Rehman%20Kashif"> Saif-Ur-Rehman Kashif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Nawaz%20Chaudhry"> Muhammad Nawaz Chaudhry</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Milk plays a significant role in the dietary requirements of human beings as it is a single source that provides various essential nutrients. A study was conducted to evaluate the heavy metal concentration in the raw milk marketed in Data Gunj Baksh Town of Lahore. A total of 180 samples of raw milk were collected in pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon season from five colonies of Data Gunj Baksh Town, Lahore. The milk samples were subjected to heavy metal analysis (Cr, Cu) by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results indicated high levels of Cr and Cu in post-monsoon seasons. Heavy metals were detected in milk in all samples under study and exceeded the standards given by FAO. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atomic%20absorption%20spectrophotometer" title="atomic absorption spectrophotometer">atomic absorption spectrophotometer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chromium" title=" chromium"> chromium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=copper" title=" copper"> copper</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metal" title=" heavy metal"> heavy metal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26373/detection-of-selected-heavy-metals-in-raw-milk-lahore-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26373.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">434</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">32</span> Isolation of Biosurfactant Producing Spore-Forming Bacteria from Oman: Potential Applications in Bioremediation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saif%20N.%20Al-Bahry">Saif N. Al-Bahry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yahya%20M.%20Al-Wahaibi"> Yahya M. Al-Wahaibi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulkadir%20E.%20Elshafie"> Abdulkadir E. Elshafie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20S.%20Al-Bemani"> Ali S. Al-Bemani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanket%20J.%20Joshi"> Sanket J. Joshi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Environmental pollution is a global problem and best possible solution is identifying and utilizing native microorganisms. One possible application of microbial product -biosurfactant is in bioremediation of hydrocarbon contaminated sites. We have screened forty two different petroleum contaminated sites from Oman, for biosurfactant producing spore-forming bacterial isolates. Initial screening showed that out of 42 soil samples, three showed reduction in surface tension (ST) and interfacial tension (IFT) within 24h of incubation at 40°C. Out of those 3 soil samples, one was further selected for isolation of bacteria and 14 different bacteria were isolated in pure form. Of those 14 spore-forming, rod shaped bacteria, two showed highest reduction in ST and IFT in the range of 70mN/m to < 35mN/m and 26.69mN/m to < 9mN/m, respectively within 24h. These bacterial biosurfactants may be utilized for bioremediation of oil-spills. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioremediation" title="bioremediation">bioremediation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrocarbon%20pollution" title=" hydrocarbon pollution"> hydrocarbon pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spore-forming%20bacteria" title=" spore-forming bacteria"> spore-forming bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bio-surfactant" title=" bio-surfactant"> bio-surfactant</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3715/isolation-of-biosurfactant-producing-spore-forming-bacteria-from-oman-potential-applications-in-bioremediation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3715.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">297</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">31</span> An Approach to Manage and Evaluate Asset Performance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Saif%20Al-Saidi">Mohammed Saif Al-Saidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20P.%20T.%20Mo"> John P. T. Mo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Modern engineering assets are complex and very high in value. They are expected to function for years to come, with ability to handle the change in technology and ageing modification. The aging of an engineering asset and continues increase of vendors and contractors numbers forces the asset operation management (or Owner) to design an asset system which can capture these changes. Furthermore, an accurate performance measurement and risk evaluation processes are highly needed. Therefore, this paper explores the nature of the asset management system performance evaluation for an engineering asset based on the System Support Engineering (SSE) principles. The research work explores the asset support system from a range of perspectives, interviewing managers from across a refinery organisation. The factors contributing to complexity of an asset management system are described in context which clusters them into several key areas. It is proposed that SSE framework may then be used as a tool for analysis and management of asset. The paper will conclude with discussion of potential application of the framework and opportunities for future research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asset%20management" title="asset management">asset management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evaluation" title=" evaluation"> evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modern%20engineering" title=" modern engineering"> modern engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=System%20Support%20Engineering%20%28SSE%29" title=" System Support Engineering (SSE) "> System Support Engineering (SSE) </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1481/an-approach-to-manage-and-evaluate-asset-performance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1481.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">679</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">30</span> Computational Fluid Dynamics-Coupled Optimisation Strategy for Aerodynamic Design</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anvar%20Atayev">Anvar Atayev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karl%20Steinborn"> Karl Steinborn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aleksander%20Lovric"> Aleksander Lovric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saif%20Al-Ibadi"> Saif Al-Ibadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jorg%20Fliege"> Jorg Fliege</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we present results obtained from optimising the aerodynamic performance of aerostructures in external ow. The optimisation method used was developed to efficiently handle multi-variable problems with numerous black-box objective functions and constraints. To demonstrate these capabilities, a series of CFD problems were considered; (1) a two-dimensional NACA aerofoil with three variables, (2) a two-dimensional morphing aerofoil with 17 variables, and (3) a three-dimensional morphing aeroplane tail with 33 variables. The objective functions considered were related to combinations of the mean aerodynamic coefficients, as well as their relative variations/oscillations. It was observed that for each CFD problem, an improved objective value was found. Notably, the scale-up in variables for the latter problems did not greatly hinder optimisation performance. This makes the method promising for scaled-up CFD problems, which require considerable computational resources. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20fluid%20dynamics" title="computational fluid dynamics">computational fluid dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimisation%20algorithms" title=" optimisation algorithms"> optimisation algorithms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aerodynamic%20design" title=" aerodynamic design"> aerodynamic design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engineering%20design" title=" engineering design"> engineering design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152822/computational-fluid-dynamics-coupled-optimisation-strategy-for-aerodynamic-design" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152822.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">120</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29</span> UPPAAL-based Design and Analysis of Intelligent Parking System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abobaker%20Mohammed%20Qasem%20Farhan">Abobaker Mohammed Qasem Farhan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olof%20M.%20A.%20Saif"> Olof M. A. Saif</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The demand for parking spaces in urban areas, particularly in developing countries, has led to a significant issue in the absence of sufficient parking spaces in crowded areas, which results in daily traffic congestion as drivers search for parking. This not only affects the appearance of the city but also has indirect impacts on the economy, society, and environment. In response to these challenges, researchers from various countries have sought technical and intelligent solutions to mitigate the problem through the development of smart parking systems. This paper aims to analyze and design three models of parking lots, with a focus on parking time and security. The study used computer software and Uppaal tools to simulate the models and determine the best among them. The results and suggestions provided in the paper aim to reduce the parking problems and improve the overall efficiency and safety of the parking process. The conclusion of the study highlights the importance of utilizing advanced technology to address the pressing issue of insufficient parking spaces in urban areas. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preliminaries" title="preliminaries">preliminaries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system%20requirements" title=" system requirements"> system requirements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=timed%20Au-%20tomata" title=" timed Au- tomata"> timed Au- tomata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Uppaal" title=" Uppaal"> Uppaal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162502/uppaal-based-design-and-analysis-of-intelligent-parking-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162502.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">147</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28</span> Association of Photosynthetic Pigment with Oceanic Physical Parameters in the North-eastern Bay of Bengal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saif%20Khan%20Sunny">Saif Khan Sunny</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md.%20Masud-ul-alam"> Md. Masud-ul-alam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study presents the association of photosynthetic pigment: chlorophyll-a (chl-a) and physical parameters: sea surface temperature (SST), dissolved oxygen (DO), sea surface salinity (SSS), and total dissolved solids (TDS) in the northeastern Bay of Bengal. At 15 sampling stations in the bay near the eastern coast of Teknaf, photosynthetic pigment and environmental variables were measured for surface water where acetone extraction was used for ch-a. Samples of seawater were taken in March 2021, where chlorophyll-a content varies from 0.554 to 9.696 mg/m3 in surface water over the sampling site. Higher concentrations may be attributable to the nutrient supply of hatcheries and the delivery of fluvial input. The observed SST, DO, SSS, and TDS in the north-eastern Bay of Bengal are 26.65 to 28.6 °C, 6.26 to 8.03 mg/l, 29.3 to 33.1 PSU, and 22.4 to 25.3 ppm, respectively. Temperature and chl-a had a positive association (0.18), according to an analysis of the cross-correlation matrix. Again, a negative correlation (0.34) between dissolved oxygen and temperature is significant at p < 0.05. Total dissolved solids and dissolved oxygen have a significant negative correlation (0.70) where p is < 0.001. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photosynthetic%20pigment" title="photosynthetic pigment">photosynthetic pigment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrient%20supply" title=" nutrient supply"> nutrient supply</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chlorophyll" title=" chlorophyll"> chlorophyll</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20parameters" title=" physical parameters"> physical parameters</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167308/association-of-photosynthetic-pigment-with-oceanic-physical-parameters-in-the-north-eastern-bay-of-bengal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167308.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">91</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27</span> Cybersecurity Protective Behavior in Industrial Revolution 4.0 Era: A Conceptual Framework</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saif%20Hussein%20Abdallah%20Alghazo">Saif Hussein Abdallah Alghazo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norshima%20Humaidi"> Norshima Humaidi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Adopting cybersecurity protective behaviour among the employees is seriously considered in the organization, especially when the Internet of Things (IoT) is widely used in Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR 4.0) era. Cybersecurity issues arise due to weaknesses of employees’ behaviour such as carelessness and failure to adopt good practices of information security behaviour. Therefore, this study aims to explore the dimensions that might influence employees’ behaviour to adopt good cybersecurity practices and to develop a new holistic model related to this concept. The study proposed this by reviewing the existing works of literature related to this field extensively, especially by focusing on the existing theory such as Protection Motivation Theory (PMT). Moreover, this study has also explored the role of cybersecurity competency among the security manager in the organization since this construct is essential to enhance the protective behaviour towards cybersecurity among the employees in the organization. The proposed research model is important to be quantitatively tested in the future as the findings will serve as the input to the act that will enhance employee’s cybersecurity protective behaviour in the IR 4.0 environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cybersecurity%20protective%20behaviour" title="cybersecurity protective behaviour">cybersecurity protective behaviour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protection%20motivation%20theory" title=" protection motivation theory"> protection motivation theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IR%204.0" title=" IR 4.0"> IR 4.0</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cybersecurity%20competency" title=" cybersecurity competency"> cybersecurity competency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147859/cybersecurity-protective-behavior-in-industrial-revolution-40-era-a-conceptual-framework" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147859.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26</span> Impact of Safety and Quality Considerations of Housing Clients on the Construction Firms’ Intention to Adopt Quality Function Deployment: A Case of Construction Sector</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saif%20Ul%20Haq">Saif Ul Haq</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The current study intends to examine the safety and quality considerations of clients of housing projects and their impact on the adoption of Quality Function Deployment (QFD) by the construction firm. Mixed method research technique has been used to collect and analyze the data wherein a survey was conducted to collect the data from 220 clients of housing projects in Saudi Arabia. Then, the telephonic and Skype interviews were conducted to collect data of 15 professionals working in the top ten real estate companies of Saudi Arabia. Data were analyzed by using partial least square (PLS) and thematic analysis techniques. Findings reveal that today’s customer prioritizes the safety and quality requirements of their houses and as a result, construction firms adopt QFD to address the needs of customers. The findings are of great importance for the clients of housing projects as well as for the construction firms as they could apply QFD in housing projects to address the safety and quality concerns of their clients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction%20industry" title="construction industry">construction industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20considerations" title=" quality considerations"> quality considerations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20function%20deployment" title=" quality function deployment"> quality function deployment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety%20considerations" title=" safety considerations"> safety considerations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98878/impact-of-safety-and-quality-considerations-of-housing-clients-on-the-construction-firms-intention-to-adopt-quality-function-deployment-a-case-of-construction-sector" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98878.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">125</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">25</span> Factors Affecting the Effectiveness of Management Creativity Using Theory Planned Behavior</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Basheer%20Ahmad%20Al-Alwan">Basheer Ahmad Al-Alwan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Ratib%20Al-Awamreh"> Ali Ratib Al-Awamreh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Badar%20Saif%20Alhatmi"> Badar Saif Alhatmi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The success of organizations in today's rapidly changing business landscape greatly hinges on the effectiveness of management creativity. This research aimed to uncover the elements influencing the effectiveness of management creativity by employing the Theory of Planned Behavior. The study's findings indicate that two significant predictors of management creativity effectiveness are one's attitude towards it and the subjective norms within the organization. Such results are rather important for the organizations and their leaders who would want to increase management creativity. The attitudes of subordinates towards management creativity should be positive if managers wish to cultivate management creativity among their employees, and the organizational culture must also be one that enhances and supports creative thinking. They should also make available all the requisite resources and support required for the implementation of their creative ideas and let employees participate in the decision-making processes in order to increase their sense of control over their creative activities. This research contributes to the literature on managerial creativity by presenting evidence about the effectiveness of managerial creativity and the strategies aimed at increasing the level of creativity in organizations through empirical insights. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management%20creativity" title="management creativity">management creativity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attitudes" title=" attitudes"> attitudes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subjective%20norms" title=" subjective norms"> subjective norms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perceived%20behavioral%20control" title=" perceived behavioral control"> perceived behavioral control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193897/factors-affecting-the-effectiveness-of-management-creativity-using-theory-planned-behavior" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193897.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">10</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24</span> Corporate Governance Mechanisms, Whistle-Blowing Policy and Earnings Management Practices of Firms in Malaysia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mujeeb%20Saif%20Mohsen%20Al-Absy">Mujeeb Saif Mohsen Al-Absy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ku%20Nor%20Izah%20Ku%20Ismail"> Ku Nor Izah Ku Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sitraselvi%20Chandren"> Sitraselvi Chandren </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study examines whether corporate governance (CG) mechanisms in firms that have a whistle-blowing policy (WHBLP) are more effective in constraining earnings management (EM), than those without. A sample of 288 Malaysian firms for the years 2013 to 2015, amounting to 864 firm-years were grouped into firms with and without WHBLP. Results show that for firms without WHBLP, the board chairman tenure would minimize EM activities. Meanwhile, for firms with WHBLP, board chairman independence, board chairman tenure, audit committee size, audit committee meeting and women in the audit committees are found to be associated with less EM activities. Further, it is found that ownership concentration and Big 4 auditing firms help to reduce EM activities in firms with WHBLP, while not in firms without WHBLP. Hence, functional and effective governance can be achieved by having a WHBLP, which is in line with agency and resource dependent theories. Therefore, this study suggests that firms should have a WHBLP in place, and policymakers should come up with enhanced criteria to strengthen the mechanisms of WHBLP. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20governance" title="corporate governance">corporate governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earnings%20management" title=" earnings management"> earnings management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=whistle-blowing%20policy" title=" whistle-blowing policy"> whistle-blowing policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=audit%20committee" title=" audit committee"> audit committee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=board%20of%20directors" title=" board of directors"> board of directors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107473/corporate-governance-mechanisms-whistle-blowing-policy-and-earnings-management-practices-of-firms-in-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107473.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">135</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">23</span> Characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder Patient and Perception of Caregiver Regarding Speech and Language Therapy in Bangladesh</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20M.%20Saif%20Ur%20Rahman">K. M. Saif Ur Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Razib%20%20Mamun"> Razib Mamun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Himica%20Arjuman"> Himica Arjuman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fida%20Al%20Shams"> Fida Al Shams</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has become an emerging neurodevelopmental disorder with increasing prevalence. It has become an important public health issue globally. Many approaches including speech and language therapy (SLT), occupational therapy, behavioral therapy etc. are being applied for the betterment of the ASD patients. This study aims to describe the characteristics of ASD patients and perception of caregiver regarding SLT in Bangladesh. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a therapy and rehabilitation center at Dhaka city. Caregivers of 48 ASD patients responded regarding their perception of SLT and characteristics of patients. Results: Among 48 ASD patients, 56.3% were between 3 to 5 years age group with a male predominance (87.5%). More than half of the participants (56.3%) initiated SLT at the age of 1-3 years and the majority (43.8%) were taking SLT for less than 1 year. Majority of the patients (64.6%) were taken to a physician for healthcare as a first contact of which 29.2% were referred to SLT by physicians. More than half (56.3%) of the caregivers were moderately satisfied with SLT and most of them (62.5%) mentioned moderate improvement through SLT. Improvement rate was 10-15% in specific symptoms such as eye contact, complex mannerism, pointing, imitation etc. Conclusion: This study reveals the self-reported perception of caregivers on SLT. Despite reported improvements, more exploration of different approaches and intervention for management of ASD is recommended. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ASD" title="ASD">ASD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characteristics" title=" characteristics"> characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SLT" title=" SLT"> SLT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bangladesh" title=" Bangladesh"> Bangladesh</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98176/characteristics-of-autism-spectrum-disorder-patient-and-perception-of-caregiver-regarding-speech-and-language-therapy-in-bangladesh" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98176.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">181</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> The Role of Artificial Intelligence on Interior Space in College of Architecture and Design</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saif%20M.%20M.%20Obeidat">Saif M. M. Obeidat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research investigates the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on interior spaces within a college of Architecture and Design. Employing a qualitative approach, the study conducts in-depth interviews and reviews AI-integrated design projects within the academic setting. The key objectives include assessing AI integration in design processes, examining the influence of AI on user experience, exploring its role in architectural innovation, identifying challenges, and assessing educational implications. The study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of AI's role in shaping interior spaces within academia. It anticipates improved efficiency in design processes, positive user feedback on functionality and experiences, the emergence of innovative design solutions, and the identification of challenges like ethical considerations and technical limitations. Additionally, the research expects insights into how educational programs may need to adapt to incorporate AI knowledge and skills, ensuring students are well-prepared for the evolving landscape of architecture and design practice. By addressing these objectives, the research contributes valuable insights into the evolving relationship between technology and the field of architecture, particularly within educational contexts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interior%20design" title="interior design">interior design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20intelligence" title=" artificial intelligence"> artificial intelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=academic%20settings" title=" academic settings"> academic settings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology" title=" technology"> technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176462/the-role-of-artificial-intelligence-on-interior-space-in-college-of-architecture-and-design" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176462.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">94</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> Innovative Strategies for Improving Writing Skills of Secondary Level Students</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ihsan%20Ullah%20Khan">Ihsan Ullah Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asim%20Kareem"> Asim Kareem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naveed%20Saif"> Naveed Saif</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research study examined the application of innovative strategies for improving writing skills of Secondary level students. It also examined the steps taken by Secondary level teachers for the improvement of writing skills of their students. Effective written communication is the problem faced by all the ESL students at secondary level. The objective of the study was to help the secondary level students to overcome this problem. More specifically, this research study aimed to guide the teachers, teaching at secondary level, to bring innovation in their teaching by showing the results of innovative strategies. In order to know about the practices of the teachers, inside the classroom, data was calculated through rating scale questionnaire. After that experimental study was carried out. For the experimental study a 10th grade class was selected. Results were drawn by analyzing the pre and post-tests of the students with the help of independent sample t-test. The results showed that a significant change occurred in the writing skills of the students, belonging to Treatment group. No improvement was observed in the writing skills of the students, belonging to Control group. Thus this research study proved to be a great contribution by guiding the teachers to bring a significant change in the writing skills of the students. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=writing%20skills" title="writing skills">writing skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovative%20strategies" title=" innovative strategies"> innovative strategies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teachers" title=" teachers"> teachers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=students" title=" students"> students</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=treatment%20group" title=" treatment group"> treatment group</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20group" title=" control group"> control group</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14267/innovative-strategies-for-improving-writing-skills-of-secondary-level-students" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14267.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">442</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20</span> Passive Control of Elliptic Jet by Using Triangular and Truncated Tabs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saif%20Akram">Saif Akram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Rathakrishnan"> E. Rathakrishnan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The mixing promoting efficiency of two identical sharp and truncated vertex triangular tabs offering geometrical blockage of 2.5% each, placed at the exit of a Mach 1.5 elliptic nozzle was studied experimentally. The effectiveness of both the tabs in enhancing the mixing of jets with the ambient air are determined by measuring the Pitot pressure along the jet axis and the jet spread in both the minor and major axes of the elliptic nozzle, covering marginally overexpanded to moderately underexpanded levels at the nozzle exit. The results reveal that both the tabs enhance mixing characteristics of the uncontrolled elliptic jet when placed at minor axis. A core length reduction of 67% is achieved at NPR 3 which is the overexpanded state. Similarly, the core length is reduced by about 67%, 50% and 57% at NPRs of 4, 5 and 6 (underexpanded states) respectively. However, unlike the considerable increment in mixing promoting efficiency by the use of truncated vertex tabs for axisymmetric jets, the effect is not much pronounced for the case of supersonic elliptic jets. The CPD plots for both the cases almost overlap, especially when tabs are placed at minor axis, at all the pressure conditions. While, when the tabs are used at major axis, in the case of overexpanded condition, the sharp vertex triangular tabs act as a better mixing enhancer for the supersonic elliptic jets. For the jet controlled with truncated vertex triangular tabs, the core length reductions are of the same order as those for the sharp vertex triangular tabs. The jet mixing is hardly influenced by the tip effect in case of supersonic elliptic jet. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elliptic%20jet" title="elliptic jet">elliptic jet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tabs" title=" tabs"> tabs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=truncated" title=" truncated"> truncated</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=triangular" title=" triangular"> triangular</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38593/passive-control-of-elliptic-jet-by-using-triangular-and-truncated-tabs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38593.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">383</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> Unlocking the Power of Social Media for Tourism Marketing: How Travel Bloggers Shape Destination Trust, Travel Intention with the Moderating Role of Trustworthiness on Social Media Posts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saad%20Saif">Saad Saif</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tourism promotion in the digital age is significantly influenced by social media, particularly in developing travel markets such as Pakistan. This study examines how travel bloggers use social media to inspire people to plan journeys and increase trust in destinations. It examines how trustworthiness works as a moderator to enhance the legitimacy of social media posts. This study aims to comprehend the dynamics of social media's influence on the travel and tourism industry. This study investigates the influence of travel bloggers' content, with a focus on tone (positive/negative) and emotional intensity (strong/weak), on prospective Pakistani travelers' travel preferences and levels of trust toward a particular location. The study used an experimental design to validate its hypotheses. The results indicate that the emotive content and tone of bloggers influence travel intentions and that destination trust mediates this relationship. It is interesting to observe that variations in the emotional intensity of positive and negative ratings are not always accompanied by changes in destination trust and travel intent. In addition, the influence of a blogger's review tone on travel intention and destination trust is moderated by the credibility of online reviews, whereas the influence of emotional intensity on these outcomes is unaffected by review credibility. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism%20marketing" title="tourism marketing">tourism marketing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=destination%20trust" title=" destination trust"> destination trust</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=travel%20intention" title=" travel intention"> travel intention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trustworthiness" title=" trustworthiness"> trustworthiness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172841/unlocking-the-power-of-social-media-for-tourism-marketing-how-travel-bloggers-shape-destination-trust-travel-intention-with-the-moderating-role-of-trustworthiness-on-social-media-posts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172841.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> Multi Objective Simultaneous Assembly Line Balancing and Buffer Sizing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saif%20Ullah">Saif Ullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guan%20Zailin"> Guan Zailin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xu%20Xianhao"> Xu Xianhao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=He%20Zongdong"> He Zongdong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wang%20Baoxi"> Wang Baoxi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Assembly line balancing problem is aimed to divide the tasks among the stations in assembly lines and optimize some objectives. In assembly lines the workload on stations is different from each other due to different tasks times and the difference in workloads between stations can cause blockage or starvation in some stations in assembly lines. Buffers are used to store the semi-finished parts between the stations and can help to smooth the assembly production. The assembly line balancing and buffer sizing problem can affect the throughput of the assembly lines. Assembly line balancing and buffer sizing problems have been studied separately in literature and due to their collective contribution in throughput rate of assembly lines, balancing and buffer sizing problem are desired to study simultaneously and therefore they are considered concurrently in current research. Current research is aimed to maximize throughput, minimize total size of buffers in assembly line and minimize workload variations in assembly line simultaneously. A multi objective optimization objective is designed which can give better Pareto solutions from the Pareto front and a simple example problem is solved for assembly line balancing and buffer sizing simultaneously. Current research is significant for assembly line balancing research and it can be significant to introduce optimization approaches which can optimize current multi objective problem in future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assembly%20line%20balancing" title="assembly line balancing">assembly line balancing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buffer%20sizing" title=" buffer sizing"> buffer sizing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pareto%20solutions" title=" Pareto solutions "> Pareto solutions </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14084/multi-objective-simultaneous-assembly-line-balancing-and-buffer-sizing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14084.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">491</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> The Use of Social Media and Its Impact on the Learning Behavior of ESL University Students for Sustainable Education in Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20Mukhtar">Abdullah Mukhtar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shehroz%20Mukhtar"> Shehroz Mukhtar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amina%20Mukhtar"> Amina Mukhtar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Choudhry%20Shahid"> Choudhry Shahid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hafiz%20Raza%20Razzaq"> Hafiz Raza Razzaq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saif%20Ur%20Rahman"> Saif Ur Rahman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study is to find out the negative and positive impacts of social media platforms on the attitude of learning and educational environment of student’s community. Social Media platforms have become a source of collaboration with one another throughout the globe making it a small world. This study performs focalized investigation of the adverse and constructive factors that have a strong impact not only on the psychological adjustments but also on the academic performance of peers. This study is a quantitative research adopting random sampling method in which the participants were the students of university. Researcher distributed 1000 questionnaires among the university students from different departments and asked them to fill the data on Lickert Scale. The participants are from the age group of 18-24 years. Study applies user and gratification theory in order to examine behavior of students practicing social media in their academic and personal life. Findings of the study reveal that the use of social media platforms in Pakistani context has less positive impact as compared to negative impacts on the behavior of students towards learning. The research suggests that usage of online social media platforms should be taught to students; awareness must the created among the users of social media by the means of seminars, workshops and by media itself to overcome the negative impacts of social media leading towards sustainable education in Pakistan. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20media" title="social media">social media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=positive%20impact" title=" positive impact"> positive impact</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=negative%20impact" title=" negative impact"> negative impact</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20behaviour" title=" learning behaviour"> learning behaviour</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184378/the-use-of-social-media-and-its-impact-on-the-learning-behavior-of-esl-university-students-for-sustainable-education-in-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184378.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">61</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> The Use of Social Media and Its Impact on the Learning Behavior of ESL University Students for Sustainable Education in Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdullah%20Mukhtar">Abdullah Mukhtar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shehroz%20Mukhtar"> Shehroz Mukhtar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amina%20Mukhtar"> Amina Mukhtar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Choudhry%20Shahid"> Choudhry Shahid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hafiz%20Raza%20Razzaq"> Hafiz Raza Razzaq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saif%20Ur%20Rahman"> Saif Ur Rahman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study is to find out the negative and positive impacts of social media platforms on the attitude toward learning and the educational environment of the student community. Social Media platforms have become a source of collaboration with one another throughout the globe, making it a small world. This study performs a focalized investigation of the adverse and constructive factors that have a strong impact not only on psychological adjustments but also on the academic performance of peers. This study is quantitative research adopting a random sampling method in which the participants were the students at the university. The researcher distributed 1000 questionnaires among the university students from different departments and asked them to fill in the data on the Lickert Scale. The participants are from the age group of 18-24 years. The study applies user and gratification theory in order to examine the behavior of students practicing social media in their academic and personal lives. The findings of the study reveal that the use of social media platforms in the Pakistani context has less positive impact as compared to negative impacts on the behavior of students towards learning. The research suggests that usage of online social media platforms should be taught to students; awareness must the created among the users of social media by means of seminars, workshops and by media itself to overcome the negative impacts of social media, leading towards sustainable education in Pakistan. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20media" title="social media">social media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=positive%20impacts" title=" positive impacts"> positive impacts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=negative%20impacts" title=" negative impacts"> negative impacts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20education" title=" sustainable education"> sustainable education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20behaviour" title=" learning behaviour"> learning behaviour</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184960/the-use-of-social-media-and-its-impact-on-the-learning-behavior-of-esl-university-students-for-sustainable-education-in-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184960.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">56</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Prognosis of Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) Based on Baseline Pulmonary Function Test (PFT) Results in Omani Adult Patients Diagnosed with ILD In Sultan Qaboos University Hospital</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manal%20Al%20Bahri">Manal Al Bahri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saif%20Al%20Mubahisi"> Saif Al Mubahisi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shamsa%20Al%20Shahaimi"> Shamsa Al Shahaimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Al%20Qasabi"> Asma Al Qasabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20Al%20Aghbari"> Jamal Al Aghbari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: ILD is a common disease worldwide and in Oman. No previous Omani study was published regarding ILD prognosis based on baseline PFT results and other factors. This study aims to determine the severity of ILD by the baseline PFT, correlate between baseline PFT and outcome, and study other factors that influence disease mortality. Method: It is a retrospective cohort study; data was collected from January 2011 to December 2021 from electronic patient records (EPR). Means, Standard Deviations, frequencies, and Chi-square tests were used to examine the different variables in the study. Results: The total population of the study was 146 patients; 87 (59.6%) were females, and 59 (40.4%) were males. The median age was 59 years. Age at diagnosis, CVA, rheumatological disease, and baseline FVC were found to be statistically significant predictors of mortality .59.6% of the patients are diagnosed with IPF. Most of our study patients had mild disease based on baseline FVC. Death was higher with the more severe disease based on FVC. In mild disease (FVC >70%), 26.9% of the patients died. In moderate disease (FVC 50-69%),55.7% of the patients died, and in the severe group (FVC <50 %), 55.1% died. This was statistically significant with a P value of 0. 001. There is no statistically significant difference in the overall survival distribution between the different groups of DLCO. Conclusion: In our study, we found that ILD is more common among females, but death is more common among males. Based on baseline PFT, we can predict mortality by FVC level, as moderate to severe limitation is associated with a lower survival rate. DLCO was not a statistically significant parameter associated with mortality. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PFT" title="PFT">PFT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ILD" title=" ILD"> ILD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FVC" title=" FVC"> FVC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DLCO" title=" DLCO"> DLCO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mortality" title=" mortality"> mortality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187425/prognosis-of-interstitial-lung-disease-ild-based-on-baseline-pulmonary-function-test-pft-results-in-omani-adult-patients-diagnosed-with-ild-in-sultan-qaboos-university-hospital" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187425.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">32</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Enhancing Cybersecurity Protective Behaviour: Role of Information Security Competencies and Procedural Information Security Countermeasure Awareness</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norshima%20Humaidi">Norshima Humaidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saif%20Hussein%20Abdallah%20Alghazo"> Saif Hussein Abdallah Alghazo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cybersecurity threat have become a serious issue recently, and one of the cause is because human error, which is usually constituted by carelessness, ignorance, and failure to practice cybersecurity behaviour adequately. Using a data from a quantitative survey, Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) analysis was used to determine the factors that affect cybersecurity protective behaviour (CPB). This study adapts cybersecurity protective behaviour model by focusing on two constructs that can enhance CPB: manager’s information security competencies (MISI) and procedural information security countermeasure (PCM) awareness. Theory of leadership competencies were adapted to measure user’s perception towards competencies among security managers/leader in the organization. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) testing shows that all the measurement items of each constructs were adequate in their validity individually based on their factor loading value. Moreover, each constructs are valid based on their parameter estimates and statistical significance. The quantitative research findings show that PCM awareness strongly influences CPB compared to MISI. Meanwhile, MISI was significantlyPCM awarenss. This study believes that the research findings can contribute to human behaviour in IS studies and are particularly beneficial to policy makers in improving organizations’ strategic plans in information security, especially in this new era. Most organizations spend time and resources to provide and establish strategic plans of information security; however, if employees are not willing to comply and practice information security behaviour appropriately, then these efforts are in vain. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cybersecurity" title="cybersecurity">cybersecurity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protection%20behaviour" title=" protection behaviour"> protection behaviour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20security" title=" information security"> information security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20security%20competencies" title=" information security competencies"> information security competencies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=countermeasure%20awareness" title=" countermeasure awareness"> countermeasure awareness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157751/enhancing-cybersecurity-protective-behaviour-role-of-information-security-competencies-and-procedural-information-security-countermeasure-awareness" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157751.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">95</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Rival Conceptions of Sovereignty in Modern South Asian Political Thought: An Analysis Through the Writings of Maulana Syed Abul Ala Maududi and Maulana Hifzurrahman Seoharvi</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Saif">Mohammad Saif</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the post-Westphalianworld order, the concept of sovereignty has been a fundamental area of inquiry in Political Science, International Relations, and International Law. Modern Islamic political thought has also dedicated a fair share of debate on the subject. The debate fundamentally revolves around the ‘ontological differentiation’ between western and Islamic political thought. While the centrality of the individual in western political thought regards the individual as the center of universe, Islamic Political thought provides that space to God. The modern liberal democratic principles suggest sovereignty as one of the major attributes of modern nation state; Islamists regard sovereignty as an attribute of God. However, the position regarding God’ssovereignty in Islamic political thought is not coherent in conception. Some scholars regard such a position as ‘the political interpretation of Islam’. This paper is an attempt to first analyze the fundamental discord between two rival political ideologies (western and Islamic), and then forward a debate on the subject of sovereignty in South Asian Islamic Political thought, particularly between Syed Abul Ala Maududi (ideological father of modern islamist movements) andHifzurrahmanSeoharvi (lesser known in Academia but highly influential in shaping Deobandi position of principles related to political nature of Islamic theology). Maududi regardssovereignty as an attribute of God and the rulers as subservient to Gods will, Seoharvi suggests that God's sovereignty does not entail that the caliph or amir cannot be a ruler or hakim, nor can his command or hukum be an order. Certain references have also been made to contemporary scholars like Sayidd Qutub, Rashid al Ghanouchi, who in one way or the other have contributed to the debate on ‘sovereignty in Islamic thought’. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nation%20state" title="nation state">nation state</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sovereigty" title=" sovereigty"> sovereigty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sovereignty%20of%20God%20%28Hakimmiyah%29" title=" sovereignty of God (Hakimmiyah)"> sovereignty of God (Hakimmiyah)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deoband" title=" deoband"> deoband</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144128/rival-conceptions-of-sovereignty-in-modern-south-asian-political-thought-an-analysis-through-the-writings-of-maulana-syed-abul-ala-maududi-and-maulana-hifzurrahman-seoharvi" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144128.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">178</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Mutational and Evolutionary Analysis of Interleukin-2 Gene in Four Pakistani Goat Breeds</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tanveer%20Hussain">Tanveer Hussain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Misbah%20Hussain"> Misbah Hussain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masroor%20Ellahi%20Babar"> Masroor Ellahi Babar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Traiq%20Pervez"> Muhammad Traiq Pervez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fiaz%20Hussain"> Fiaz Hussain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sana%20Zahoor"> Sana Zahoor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rashid%20Saif"> Rashid Saif</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Interleukin 2 (IL-2) is a cytokine which is produced by activated T cells, play important role in immune response against antigen. It act in both autocrine and paracrine manner. It can stimulate B cells and various other phagocytic cells like monocytes, lymphokine-activated killer cells and natural killer cells. Acting in autocrine fashion, IL-2 protein plays a crucial role in proliferation of T cells. IL-2 triggers the release of pro and anti- inflammatory cytokines by activating several pathways. In present study, exon 1 of IL-2 gene of four local Pakistani breeds (Dera Din Panah, Beetal, Nachi and Kamori) from two provinces was amplified by using reported Ovine IL-2 primers, yielding PCR product of 501 bp. The sequencing of all samples was done to identify the polymorphisms in amplified region of IL-2 gene. Analysis of sequencing data resulted in identification of one novel nucleotide substitution (T→A) in amplified non-coding region of IL-2 gene. Comparison of IL-2 gene sequence of all four breeds with other goat breeds showed high similarity in sequence. While phylogenetic analysis of our local breeds with other mammals showed that IL-2 is a variable gene which has undergone many substitutions. This high substitution rate can be due to the decreased or increased changed selective pressure. These rapid changes can also lead to the change in function of immune system. This pioneering study of Pakistani goat breeds urge for further studies on immune system of each targeted breed for fully understanding the functional role of IL-2 in goat immunity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interleukin%202" title="interleukin 2">interleukin 2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mutational%20analysis" title=" mutational analysis"> mutational analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phylogeny" title=" phylogeny"> phylogeny</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=goat%20breeds" title=" goat breeds"> goat breeds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakistan" title=" Pakistan"> Pakistan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26888/mutational-and-evolutionary-analysis-of-interleukin-2-gene-in-four-pakistani-goat-breeds" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26888.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">611</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Factors Affecting M-Government Deployment and Adoption</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saif%20Obaid%20Alkaabi">Saif Obaid Alkaabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nabil%20Ayad"> Nabil Ayad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Governments constantly seek to offer faster, more secure, efficient and effective services for their citizens. Recent changes and developments to communication services and technologies, mainly due the Internet, have led to immense improvements in the way governments of advanced countries carry out their interior operations Therefore, advances in e-government services have been broadly adopted and used in various developed countries, as well as being adapted to developing countries. The implementation of advances depends on the utilization of the most innovative structures of data techniques, mainly in web dependent applications, to enhance the main functions of governments. These functions, in turn, have spread to mobile and wireless techniques, generating a new advanced direction called m-government. This paper discusses a selection of available m-government applications and several business modules and frameworks in various fields. Practically, the m-government models, techniques and methods have become the improved version of e-government. M-government offers the potential for applications which will work better, providing citizens with services utilizing mobile communication and data models incorporating several government entities. Developing countries can benefit greatly from this innovation due to the fact that a large percentage of their population is young and can adapt to new technology and to the fact that mobile computing devices are more affordable. The use of models of mobile transactions encourages effective participation through the use of mobile portals by businesses, various organizations, and individual citizens. Although the application of m-government has great potential, it does have major limitations. The limitations include: the implementation of wireless networks and relative communications, the encouragement of mobile diffusion, the administration of complicated tasks concerning the protection of security (including the ability to offer privacy for information), and the management of the legal issues concerning mobile applications and the utilization of services. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-government" title="e-government">e-government</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=m-government" title=" m-government"> m-government</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system%20dependability" title=" system dependability"> system dependability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system%20security" title=" system security"> system security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trust" title=" trust"> trust</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35517/factors-affecting-m-government-deployment-and-adoption" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35517.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">381</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Potential of Enhancing Oil Recovery in Omani Oil Fields via Biopolymer Injection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yahya%20Al-Wahaibi">Yahya Al-Wahaibi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saif%20Al-Bahry"> Saif Al-Bahry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulkadir%20Elshafie"> Abdulkadir Elshafie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Al-Bemani"> Ali Al-Bemani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanket%20Joshi"> Sanket Joshi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Microbial enhanced oil recovery is one of the most economical and efficient methods for extending the life of production wells in a declining reservoir. There are a variety of metabolites produced by microorganisms that can be useful for oil recovery, like biopolymers-polysaccharides secreted by microbes, biodegradable thus environmentally friendly. Some fungi like Schizophyllum commune (a type of mushroom), and Aureobasidium pullulans are reported to produce biopolymers-schizophyllan and pullulan. Hence, we have procured a microbial strain (Schizophyllum commune) from American Type Culture Collection, which is reported for producing a biopolymer and also isolated several Omani strains of Aureobasidium pullulans from different samples. Studies were carried out for maintenance of the strains and primary screening of production media and environmental conditions for growth of S. commune and Omani A. pullulans isolates, for 30 days. The observed optimum growth and production temperature was ≤35 °C for S. commune and Omani A. pullulans isolates. Better growth was observed for both types of fungi under shaking conditions. The initial yield of lyophilized schizophyllan was ≥3.0 g/L, and the yield of pullulan was ≥0.5g/L. Both schizophyllan and pullulan were extracted in crude form and were partially identified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), which showed partial similarity in chemical structure with published biopolymers. The produced pullulan and schizophyllan increased the viscosity from 9-20 cp of the control media (without biopolymer) to 20 - 121.4 cp of the cell free broth at 0.1 s-1 shear rate at range of temperatures from 25–45 °C. Enhanced biopolymer production and its physicochemical and rheological properties under different environmental conditions (different temperatures, salt concentrations and wide range of pH), complete characterization and effects on oil recovery enhancement were also investigated in this study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aureobasidium%20pullulans" title="Aureobasidium pullulans">Aureobasidium pullulans</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biopolymer" title=" biopolymer"> biopolymer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20recovery%20enhancement" title=" oil recovery enhancement"> oil recovery enhancement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Schizophyllum%20commune" title=" Schizophyllum commune"> Schizophyllum commune</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23446/potential-of-enhancing-oil-recovery-in-omani-oil-fields-via-biopolymer-injection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23446.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">390</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Identification of Avian Fauna of Bara Gali Summer Campus, University of Peshawar</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saif%20Ullah">Saif Ullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Survey of avian fauna of Bara Gali Summer Campus, University of Peshawar in the Hazara District was conducted from April to October, 2013. A total of 21 species belonging to 5 orders and 15 families were recorded. Out of these 6 were resident, 12 were summer visitor and 3 were rare. Order Passeriformes was represented by 16 species which are Certhia himalayana, Megalaima virens, Phylloscopus trochiloides, Garrulax lineatus, Passer rutilans, Corvus macrorhynchos, Hypsipetes leucocephalus, Acridotheres tristis, Delichon dasypus cashmeriensis, Hirundo rustica, Muscicapa thalassina, Saxicola ferrea, Myiophoneus caeruleus, Parus melonolophus, Parus rufonuchalis, Parus monticolus, belonging to 11 families. Two species Dendrocopos himalayansis and Picus squamatus belongs to only 1 family of order Piciformes. Only one species from the remaining 3 orders were recorded i.e. Accipiter virgatus belongs to order Accipitriformes, Upupa epops from order Coraciformes, while order Psittaciformes represented by Psittacula himalayana .The distribution and abundance varied with season and maximum number of species was found during the monsoon season when most of the birds migrate for breeding. Some habits and behaviors like nesting, feeding, breeding and vocalizations were also studied which are very unique from other birds. Among bird species adapted to diverse habitat in the field, Himalayan Jungle Crow, Common Mynas, Bulbuls, Barn Swallows, barbets were prominent. Interesting feature of the avian fauna is familiarity with flora was greatly observed. Human related impacts such as grazing by livestock, removal of shrub cover, disturbance of habitat etc. were also studied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=birds" title="birds">birds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=summer%20visitor" title=" summer visitor"> summer visitor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phylloscopus%20trochiloides" title=" Phylloscopus trochiloides"> Phylloscopus trochiloides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parus%20monticolus" title=" Parus monticolus"> Parus monticolus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18613/identification-of-avian-fauna-of-bara-gali-summer-campus-university-of-peshawar" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18613.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">307</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Ni Mixed Oxides Type-Spinel for Energy: Application in Dry Reforming of Methane for Syngas (H2 & Co) Production</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bouhenni%20Mohamed%20Saif%20El%20Islam">Bouhenni Mohamed Saif El Islam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the recent years, the dry reforming of methane has received considerable attention from an environmental view point because it consumes and eliminates two gases (CH4 and CO2) responsible for global warming by greenhouse effect. Many catalysts containing noble metal (Rh, Ru, Pd, Pt and Ir) or transition metal (Ni, Co and Fe) have been reported to be active in this reaction. Compared to noble metals, Ni-materials are cheap but very easily deactivated by coking. Ni-based mixed oxides structurally well-defined like perovskites and spinels are being studied because they possibly make solid solutions and allow to vary the composition and thus the performances properties. In this work, nano-sized nickel ferrite oxides are synthesized using three different methods: Co-precipitation (CP), hydrothermal (HT) and sol gel (SG) methods and characterized by XRD, Raman, XPS, BET, TPR, SEM-EDX and TEM-EDX. XRD patterns of all synthesized oxides showed the presence of NiFe2O4 spinel, confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. Hematite was present only in CP sample. Depending on the synthesis method, the surface area, particle size, as well as the surface Ni/Fe atomic ratio (XPS) and the behavior upon reduction varied. The materials were tested in methane dry reforming with CO2 at 1 atm and 650-800 °C. The catalytic activity of the spinel samples was not very high (XCH4 = 5-20 mol% and XCO2 = 25-40 mol %) when no pre-reduction step was carried out. A significant contribution of RWGS explained the low values of H2/CO ratio obtained. The reoxidation step of the catalyst carried out after reaction showed little amounts of coke deposition. The reducing pretreatment was particularly efficient in the case of SG (XCH4 = 80 mol% and XCO2 = 92 mol%, at 800 °C), with H2/CO > 1. In conclusion, the influence of preparation was strong for most samples and the catalytic behavior could be interpreted by considering the distribution of cations among octahedral (Oh) and tetrahedral (Td) sites as in (Ni2+1-xFe3+x)Td (Ni2+xFe3+2-x)OhO2-4 influenced the reducibility of materials and thus their catalytic performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NiFe2O4" title="NiFe2O4">NiFe2O4</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dry%20reforming%20of%20methane" title=" dry reforming of methane"> dry reforming of methane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spinel%20oxide" title=" spinel oxide"> spinel oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=XCO2" title=" XCO2"> XCO2</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32199/ni-mixed-oxides-type-spinel-for-energy-application-in-dry-reforming-of-methane-for-syngas-h2-co-production" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32199.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">382</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saif%20Bareq&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saif%20Bareq&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> 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