CINXE.COM

<!doctype html> <html class="client-nojs skin-theme-clientpref-day mf-expand-sections-clientpref-0 mf-font-size-clientpref-small mw-mf-amc-clientpref-0" lang="id" dir="ltr"> <head> <base href="https://id.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Riccardo_Giacconi&action=edit&undoafter=10824557&undo=11351169"> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Lihat sumber Riccardo Giacconi - Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js skin-theme-clientpref-day mf-expand-sections-clientpref-0 mf-font-size-clientpref-small mw-mf-amc-clientpref-0";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )idwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":true,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t.",".\t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","Januari","Februari","Maret","April","Mei","Juni","Juli","Agustus","September","Oktober","November","Desember"],"wgRequestId":"82c4ab05-9a9c-4574-be3a-2ab9ab5dbf0f","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Riccardo_Giacconi","wgTitle":"Riccardo Giacconi","wgCurRevisionId":18594367,"wgRevisionId":0,"wgArticleId":249789, "wgIsArticle":false,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"edit","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"id","wgPageContentLanguage":"id","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Riccardo_Giacconi","wgRelevantArticleId":249789,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"accuracy":{"levels":2}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"id","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"id"},"wgMFMode":"stable","wgMFAmc":false,"wgMFAmcOutreachActive":false,"wgMFAmcOutreachUserEligible":false,"wgMFLazyLoadImages":true,"wgMFEditNoticesFeatureConflict":false,"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgMFIsSupportedEditRequest":false,"wgMFScriptPath":"", "wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":5000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgSectionTranslationMissingLanguages":[{"lang":"ace","autonym":"Acèh","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ady","autonym":"адыгабзэ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"alt","autonym":"алтай тил","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"am","autonym":"አማርኛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ami","autonym":"Pangcah","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"an","autonym":"aragonés","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ang","autonym":"Ænglisc","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ann","autonym":"Obolo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"anp","autonym":"अंगिका","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ar","autonym":"العربية","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"ary","autonym":"الدارجة","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"arz","autonym":"مصرى","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"as","autonym":"অসমীয়া","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ast","autonym":"asturianu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"av","autonym":"авар","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"avk","autonym":"Kotava","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"awa","autonym":"अवधी", "dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ay","autonym":"Aymar aru","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"az","autonym":"azərbaycanca","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"azb","autonym":"تۆرکجه","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"ba","autonym":"башҡортса","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ban","autonym":"Basa Bali","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bar","autonym":"Boarisch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bbc","autonym":"Batak Toba","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bcl","autonym":"Bikol Central","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bdr","autonym":"Bajau Sama","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"be","autonym":"беларуская","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bew","autonym":"Betawi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bg","autonym":"български","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bho","autonym":"भोजपुरी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bi","autonym":"Bislama","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bjn","autonym":"Banjar","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"blk","autonym":"ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bm","autonym":"bamanankan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bn","autonym":"বাংলা","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bo","autonym": "བོད་ཡིག","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bpy","autonym":"বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"br","autonym":"brezhoneg","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bs","autonym":"bosanski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"btm","autonym":"Batak Mandailing","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bug","autonym":"Basa Ugi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ca","autonym":"català","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cdo","autonym":"閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ce","autonym":"нохчийн","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ceb","autonym":"Cebuano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ch","autonym":"Chamoru","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"chr","autonym":"ᏣᎳᎩ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ckb","autonym":"کوردی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"co","autonym":"corsu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cr","autonym":"Nēhiyawēwin / ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"crh","autonym":"qırımtatarca","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cs","autonym":"čeština","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cu","autonym": "словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cy","autonym":"Cymraeg","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"da","autonym":"dansk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dag","autonym":"dagbanli","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"de","autonym":"Deutsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dga","autonym":"Dagaare","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"din","autonym":"Thuɔŋjäŋ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"diq","autonym":"Zazaki","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dsb","autonym":"dolnoserbski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dtp","autonym":"Kadazandusun","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dv","autonym":"ދިވެހިބަސް","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"dz","autonym":"ཇོང་ཁ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ee","autonym":"eʋegbe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"el","autonym":"Ελληνικά","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"eml","autonym":"emiliàn e rumagnòl","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"eo","autonym":"Esperanto","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"es","autonym":"español","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"et","autonym":"eesti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"eu","autonym":"euskara","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fa","autonym":"فارسی", "dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"fat","autonym":"mfantse","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ff","autonym":"Fulfulde","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fi","autonym":"suomi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fj","autonym":"Na Vosa Vakaviti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fo","autonym":"føroyskt","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fon","autonym":"fɔ̀ngbè","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fr","autonym":"français","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"frp","autonym":"arpetan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"frr","autonym":"Nordfriisk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fur","autonym":"furlan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fy","autonym":"Frysk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gag","autonym":"Gagauz","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gan","autonym":"贛語","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gcr","autonym":"kriyòl gwiyannen","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gl","autonym":"galego","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"glk","autonym":"گیلکی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"gn","autonym":"Avañe'ẽ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gom","autonym":"गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gor","autonym":"Bahasa Hulontalo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gpe", "autonym":"Ghanaian Pidgin","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gu","autonym":"ગુજરાતી","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"guc","autonym":"wayuunaiki","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gur","autonym":"farefare","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"guw","autonym":"gungbe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gv","autonym":"Gaelg","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ha","autonym":"Hausa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hak","autonym":"客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"haw","autonym":"Hawaiʻi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"he","autonym":"עברית","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"hi","autonym":"हिन्दी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hif","autonym":"Fiji Hindi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hr","autonym":"hrvatski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hsb","autonym":"hornjoserbsce","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ht","autonym":"Kreyòl ayisyen","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hu","autonym":"magyar","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hy","autonym":"հայերեն","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hyw","autonym":"Արեւմտահայերէն","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ia","autonym":"interlingua","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"iba","autonym": "Jaku Iban","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ie","autonym":"Interlingue","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ig","autonym":"Igbo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"igl","autonym":"Igala","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ilo","autonym":"Ilokano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"io","autonym":"Ido","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"is","autonym":"íslenska","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"it","autonym":"italiano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"iu","autonym":"ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ja","autonym":"日本語","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"jam","autonym":"Patois","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"jv","autonym":"Jawa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ka","autonym":"ქართული","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kaa","autonym":"Qaraqalpaqsha","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kab","autonym":"Taqbaylit","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kbd","autonym":"адыгэбзэ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kbp","autonym":"Kabɩyɛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kcg","autonym":"Tyap","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kg","autonym":"Kongo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kge","autonym":"Kumoring","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ki","autonym":"Gĩkũyũ","dir": "ltr"},{"lang":"kk","autonym":"қазақша","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kl","autonym":"kalaallisut","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"km","autonym":"ភាសាខ្មែរ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kn","autonym":"ಕನ್ನಡ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"knc","autonym":"Yerwa Kanuri","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ko","autonym":"한국어","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"koi","autonym":"перем коми","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"krc","autonym":"къарачай-малкъар","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ks","autonym":"कॉशुर / کٲشُر","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"ku","autonym":"kurdî","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kus","autonym":"Kʋsaal","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kv","autonym":"коми","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kw","autonym":"kernowek","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ky","autonym":"кыргызча","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lad","autonym":"Ladino","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lb","autonym":"Lëtzebuergesch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lez","autonym":"лезги","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lg","autonym":"Luganda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"li","autonym":"Limburgs", "dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lij","autonym":"Ligure","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lld","autonym":"Ladin","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lmo","autonym":"lombard","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ln","autonym":"lingála","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lo","autonym":"ລາວ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lt","autonym":"lietuvių","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ltg","autonym":"latgaļu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lv","autonym":"latviešu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mad","autonym":"Madhurâ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mai","autonym":"मैथिली","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"map-bms","autonym":"Basa Banyumasan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mdf","autonym":"мокшень","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mg","autonym":"Malagasy","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mhr","autonym":"олык марий","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mi","autonym":"Māori","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"min","autonym":"Minangkabau","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mk","autonym":"македонски","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ml","autonym":"മലയാളം","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mn","autonym":"монгол","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mni", "autonym":"ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mnw","autonym":"ဘာသာမန်","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mos","autonym":"moore","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mr","autonym":"मराठी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mrj","autonym":"кырык мары","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ms","autonym":"Bahasa Melayu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mt","autonym":"Malti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mwl","autonym":"Mirandés","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"my","autonym":"မြန်မာဘာသာ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"myv","autonym":"эрзянь","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mzn","autonym":"مازِرونی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"nah","autonym":"Nāhuatl","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nan","autonym":"閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nap","autonym":"Napulitano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nb","autonym":"norsk bokmål","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nds","autonym":"Plattdüütsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nds-nl","autonym":"Nedersaksies","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ne","autonym":"नेपाली","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"new","autonym": "नेपाल भाषा","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nia","autonym":"Li Niha","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nl","autonym":"Nederlands","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nn","autonym":"norsk nynorsk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nqo","autonym":"ߒߞߏ","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"nr","autonym":"isiNdebele seSewula","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nso","autonym":"Sesotho sa Leboa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ny","autonym":"Chi-Chewa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"oc","autonym":"occitan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"om","autonym":"Oromoo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"or","autonym":"ଓଡ଼ିଆ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"os","autonym":"ирон","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pa","autonym":"ਪੰਜਾਬੀ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pag","autonym":"Pangasinan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pam","autonym":"Kapampangan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pap","autonym":"Papiamentu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pcd","autonym":"Picard","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pcm","autonym":"Naijá","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pdc","autonym":"Deitsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pl","autonym":"polski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pms", "autonym":"Piemontèis","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pnb","autonym":"پنجابی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"ps","autonym":"پښتو","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"pt","autonym":"português","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pwn","autonym":"pinayuanan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"qu","autonym":"Runa Simi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rm","autonym":"rumantsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rn","autonym":"ikirundi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ro","autonym":"română","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rsk","autonym":"руски","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rue","autonym":"русиньскый","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rup","autonym":"armãneashti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rw","autonym":"Ikinyarwanda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sa","autonym":"संस्कृतम्","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sah","autonym":"саха тыла","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sat","autonym":"ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sc","autonym":"sardu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"scn","autonym":"sicilianu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sco","autonym":"Scots","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sd","autonym":"سنڌي","dir": "rtl"},{"lang":"se","autonym":"davvisámegiella","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sg","autonym":"Sängö","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sgs","autonym":"žemaitėška","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sh","autonym":"srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"shi","autonym":"Taclḥit","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"shn","autonym":"တႆး","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"si","autonym":"සිංහල","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sk","autonym":"slovenčina","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"skr","autonym":"سرائیکی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"sl","autonym":"slovenščina","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sm","autonym":"Gagana Samoa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"smn","autonym":"anarâškielâ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sn","autonym":"chiShona","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"so","autonym":"Soomaaliga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sq","autonym":"shqip","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sr","autonym":"српски / srpski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"srn","autonym":"Sranantongo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ss","autonym":"SiSwati","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"st","autonym":"Sesotho","dir":"ltr"} ,{"lang":"stq","autonym":"Seeltersk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"su","autonym":"Sunda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sv","autonym":"svenska","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sw","autonym":"Kiswahili","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"syl","autonym":"ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"szl","autonym":"ślůnski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ta","autonym":"தமிழ்","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tay","autonym":"Tayal","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tcy","autonym":"ತುಳು","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tdd","autonym":"ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"te","autonym":"తెలుగు","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tet","autonym":"tetun","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tg","autonym":"тоҷикӣ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"th","autonym":"ไทย","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ti","autonym":"ትግርኛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tig","autonym":"ትግሬ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tk","autonym":"Türkmençe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tl","autonym":"Tagalog","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tly","autonym":"tolışi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tn","autonym":"Setswana","dir": "ltr"},{"lang":"to","autonym":"lea faka-Tonga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tpi","autonym":"Tok Pisin","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tr","autonym":"Türkçe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"trv","autonym":"Seediq","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ts","autonym":"Xitsonga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tt","autonym":"татарча / tatarça","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tum","autonym":"chiTumbuka","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tw","autonym":"Twi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ty","autonym":"reo tahiti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tyv","autonym":"тыва дыл","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"udm","autonym":"удмурт","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ur","autonym":"اردو","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"uz","autonym":"oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ve","autonym":"Tshivenda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vec","autonym":"vèneto","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vep","autonym":"vepsän kel’","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vi","autonym":"Tiếng Việt","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vls","autonym":"West-Vlams","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vo","autonym":"Volapük","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vro","autonym": "võro","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"wa","autonym":"walon","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"war","autonym":"Winaray","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"wo","autonym":"Wolof","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"wuu","autonym":"吴语","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xal","autonym":"хальмг","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xh","autonym":"isiXhosa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xmf","autonym":"მარგალური","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"yi","autonym":"ייִדיש","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"yo","autonym":"Yorùbá","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"yue","autonym":"粵語","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"za","autonym":"Vahcuengh","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"zgh","autonym":"ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"zh","autonym":"中文","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"zu","autonym":"isiZulu","dir":"ltr"}],"wgSectionTranslationTargetLanguages":["ace","ady","alt","am","ami","an","ang","ann","anp","ar","ary","arz","as","ast","av","avk","awa","ay","az","azb","ba","ban","bar","bbc","bcl","bdr","be","bew","bg","bho","bi","bjn","blk","bm","bn","bo","bpy","br","bs", "btm","bug","ca","cdo","ce","ceb","ch","chr","ckb","co","cr","crh","cs","cu","cy","da","dag","de","dga","din","diq","dsb","dtp","dv","dz","ee","el","eml","eo","es","et","eu","fa","fat","ff","fi","fj","fo","fon","fr","frp","frr","fur","fy","gag","gan","gcr","gl","glk","gn","gom","gor","gpe","gu","guc","gur","guw","gv","ha","hak","haw","he","hi","hif","hr","hsb","ht","hu","hy","hyw","ia","iba","ie","ig","igl","ilo","io","is","it","iu","ja","jam","jv","ka","kaa","kab","kbd","kbp","kcg","kg","kge","ki","kk","kl","km","kn","knc","ko","koi","krc","ks","ku","kus","kv","kw","ky","lad","lb","lez","lg","li","lij","lld","lmo","ln","lo","lt","ltg","lv","mad","mai","map-bms","mdf","mg","mhr","mi","min","mk","ml","mn","mni","mnw","mos","mr","mrj","ms","mt","mwl","my","myv","mzn","nah","nan","nap","nb","nds","nds-nl","ne","new","nia","nl","nn","nqo","nr","nso","ny","oc","om","or","os","pa","pag","pam","pap","pcd","pcm","pdc","pl","pms","pnb","ps","pt","pwn","qu","rm","rn","ro","rsk","rue","rup","rw", "sa","sah","sat","sc","scn","sco","sd","se","sg","sgs","sh","shi","shn","si","sk","skr","sl","sm","smn","sn","so","sq","sr","srn","ss","st","stq","su","sv","sw","syl","szl","ta","tay","tcy","tdd","te","tet","tg","th","ti","tig","tk","tl","tly","tn","to","tpi","tr","trv","ts","tt","tum","tw","ty","tyv","udm","ur","uz","ve","vec","vep","vi","vls","vo","vro","wa","war","wo","wuu","xal","xh","xmf","yi","yo","yue","za","zgh","zh","zu"],"isLanguageSearcherCXEntrypointEnabled":true,"mintEntrypointLanguages":["ace","ast","azb","bcl","bjn","bh","crh","ff","fon","ig","is","ki","ks","lmo","min","sat","ss","tn","vec"],"wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgMinervaPermissions":{"watchable":true,"watch":false},"wgMinervaFeatures" :{"beta":false,"donate":true,"mobileOptionsLink":true,"categories":false,"pageIssues":true,"talkAtTop":false,"historyInPageActions":false,"overflowSubmenu":false,"tabsOnSpecials":true,"personalMenu":false,"mainMenuExpanded":false,"echo":true,"nightMode":true},"wgMinervaDownloadNamespaces":[0]};RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.charinsert-styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","skins.minerva.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.content.styles.images":"ready","mediawiki.hlist":"ready","skins.minerva.codex.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.icons":"ready","mediawiki.codex.messagebox.styles":"ready","ext.charinsert.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","mobile.init.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["mediawiki.action.edit.collapsibleFooter","site","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.minerva.scripts","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.charinsert", "ext.gadget.watchlist-notice","ext.gadget.charinsert","ext.gadget.refToolbar","ext.gadget.AdvancedSiteNotices","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.Bagikan","ext.gadget.CurIDLink","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","ext.popups","mobile.init","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.entrypoints.mffrequentlanguages","ext.cx.entrypoints.languagesearcher.init","mw.externalguidance.init","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","oojs-ui.styles.icons-media","oojs-ui-core.icons"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=id&modules=ext.charinsert.styles%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cmediawiki.codex.messagebox.styles%7Cmediawiki.hlist%7Cmobile.init.styles%7Cskins.minerva.codex.styles%7Cskins.minerva.content.styles.images%7Cskins.minerva.icons%2Cstyles&only=styles&skin=minerva"> <script async src="/w/load.php?lang=id&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=minerva"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=id&modules=ext.gadget.charinsert-styles&only=styles&skin=minerva"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=id&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=minerva"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.17"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow,max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#eaecf0"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/RiccardoGiacconi.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1497"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/RiccardoGiacconi.jpg/800px-RiccardoGiacconi.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="998"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/RiccardoGiacconi.jpg/640px-RiccardoGiacconi.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="798"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=yes, minimum-scale=0.25, maximum-scale=5.0"> <meta property="og:title" content="Lihat sumber Riccardo Giacconi - Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="manifest" href="/w/api.php?action=webapp-manifest"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Sunting" href="/w/index.php?title=Riccardo_Giacconi&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (id)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//id.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riccardo_Giacconi"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.id"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> <meta http-equiv="X-Translated-By" content="Google"> <meta http-equiv="X-Translated-To" content="en"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.SlmlLUpNCG8.O/am=gAE/d=1/rs=AN8SPfrVDwgQMj0EYXdUQwFqbkL3aXptKg/m=corsproxy" data-sourceurl="https://id.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Riccardo_Giacconi&action=edit&undoafter=10824557&undo=11351169"></script> <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@20..48,100..700,0..1,-50..200" rel="stylesheet"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.SlmlLUpNCG8.O/am=gAE/d=1/exm=corsproxy/ed=1/rs=AN8SPfrVDwgQMj0EYXdUQwFqbkL3aXptKg/m=phishing_protection" data-phishing-protection-enabled="false" data-forms-warning-enabled="true" data-source-url="https://id.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Riccardo_Giacconi&action=edit&undoafter=10824557&undo=11351169"></script> <meta name="robots" content="none"> </head> <body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Riccardo_Giacconi rootpage-Riccardo_Giacconi stable issues-group-B skin-minerva action-edit skin--responsive mw-mf-amc-disabled mw-mf"> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.gstatic.com/_/translate_http/_/js/k=translate_http.tr.en_GB.SlmlLUpNCG8.O/am=gAE/d=1/exm=corsproxy,phishing_protection/ed=1/rs=AN8SPfrVDwgQMj0EYXdUQwFqbkL3aXptKg/m=navigationui" data-environment="prod" data-proxy-url="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog" data-proxy-full-url="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Riccardo_Giacconi&action=edit&undoafter=10824557&undo=11351169&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-source-url="https://id.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Riccardo_Giacconi&action=edit&undoafter=10824557&undo=11351169" data-source-language="auto" data-target-language="en" data-display-language="en-GB" data-detected-source-language="id" data-is-source-untranslated="false" data-source-untranslated-url="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DRiccardo_Giacconi%26action%3Dedit%26undoafter%3D10824557%26undo%3D11351169&anno=2" data-client="tr"></script> <div id="mw-mf-viewport"> <div id="mw-mf-page-center"><a class="mw-mf-page-center__mask" href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#"></a> <header class="header-container header-chrome"> <div class="minerva-header"> <nav class="navigation-drawer toggle-list view-border-box"><input type="checkbox" id="main-menu-input" class="toggle-list__checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-labelledby="mw-mf-main-menu-button"> <label role="button" for="main-menu-input" id="mw-mf-main-menu-button" aria-hidden="true" data-event-name="ui.mainmenu" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet toggle-list__toggle"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--menu"></span> <span></span> </label> <div id="mw-mf-page-left" class="menu view-border-box"> <ul id="p-navigation" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--home" href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Halaman_Utama?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--home"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Beranda</span> </a></li> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--random" href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_sembarang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--die"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Sembarang</span> </a></li> <li class="toggle-list-item skin-minerva-list-item-jsonly"><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--nearby" href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Istimewa:Nearby?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.nearby" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--mapPin"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Sekitaran</span> </a></li> </ul> <ul id="p-personal" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor mw-list-item menu__item--login" href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=Riccardo+Giacconi&returntoquery=action%3Dedit%26undo%3D11351169%26undoafter%3D10824557&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.login" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--logIn"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Masuk log</span> </a></li> </ul> <ul id="pt-preferences" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item skin-minerva-list-item-jsonly"><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--settings" href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:MobileOptions&returnto=Riccardo+Giacconi&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.settings" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--settings"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Pengaturan</span> </a></li> </ul> <ul id="p-donation" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--donate" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source%3Ddonate%26wmf_medium%3Dsidebar%26wmf_campaign%3Did.wikipedia.org%26uselang%3Did%26wmf_key%3Dminerva" data-event-name="menu.donate" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--heart"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Menyumbang</span> </a></li> </ul> <ul class="hlist"> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--about" href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Tentang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-mw="interface"> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Tentang Wikipedia</span> </a></li> <li class="toggle-list-item "><a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--disclaimers" href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Penyangkalan_umum?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-mw="interface"> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Penyangkalan</span> </a></li> </ul> </div><label class="main-menu-mask" for="main-menu-input"></label> </nav> <div class="branding-box"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Halaman_Utama?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <span><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <form action="/w/index.php" method="get" class="minerva-search-form"> <div class="search-box"><input type="hidden" name="title" value="Istimewa:Pencarian"> <input class="search skin-minerva-search-trigger" id="searchInput" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Telusuri Wikipedia" aria-label="Telusuri Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Cari di Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> <span class="search-box-icon-overlay"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--search"></span> </span> </div><button id="searchIcon" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet skin-minerva-search-trigger"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--search"></span> <span>Cari</span> </button> </form> <nav class="minerva-user-navigation" aria-label="Navigasi pengguna"> </nav> </div> </header> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <div class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Lihat sumber Riccardo Giacconi</h1> <div class="tagline"></div> </div> <div id="mw-content-subtitle"> ← <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Riccardo_Giacconi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Riccardo Giacconi">Riccardo Giacconi</a> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-undo-failure"> <div class="cdx-message cdx-message--block cdx-message--error"> <span class="cdx-message__icon"></span> <div class="cdx-message__content"> Suntingan ini tidak dapat dibalikkan karena konflik dengan suntingan di antara keduanya. </div> </div> </div> <p>Anda tidak memiliki hak akses untuk menyunting halaman ini, karena alasan berikut:</p> <div class="permissions-errors"> <div class="mw-permissionerror-globalblocking-blockedtext-xff"> <b>One or more proxy servers used by your request is <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Global_blocks" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Global blocks">globally blocked</a>.</b> <p>The block was made by <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pengguna:Jon_Kolbert?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pengguna:Jon Kolbert">‪Jon Kolbert‬</a>. The reason given is <i><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/NOP" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/NOP">Open proxy/Webhost</a>: See the <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WM:OP/H" class="extiw" title="m:WM:OP/H">help page</a> if you are affected </i>.</p> <ul> <li>Start of block: 27 Agustus 2023 15.12</li> <li>Expiry of block: 27 Agustus 2028 15.12</li> </ul> <p>The blocked proxy address was 8.222.128.0/17. Harap sertakan semua perincian di atas dalam setiap pertanyaan yang Anda ajukan.</p> If you believe you were blocked by mistake, you can find additional information and instructions in the <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Stewards/Wizard" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards/Wizard">Stewards Block Wizard</a>. </div> </div> <hr> <p>Anda dapat melihat atau menyalin sumber halaman ini.</p><textarea readonly accesskey="," id="wpTextbox1" cols="80" rows="25" style="" class="mw-editfont-monospace" lang="id" dir="ltr" name="wpTextbox1">{{Infobox_Scientist |name = Riccardo Giacconi |image = RiccardoGiacconi.jpg |imagesize=180px |caption = Pada Perayaan National Medal of Science award , 2003 | birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1931|10|06}} | birth_place = [[Genoa]], [[Italia]] | death_date = {{death date and age|2018|12|09|1931|10|06|df=y}} | death_place = [[San Diego]], [[California]], [[Amerika Serikat]] |residence = [[Amerika Serikat]] |nationality = [[Italia]]<br />[[Amerika Serikat]] |field = [[Fisika]] |work_institution = [[Universitas Johns Hopkins]]<br /> [[Chandra X-ray Observatory]] |alma_mater = [[Universitas Milan]] |doctoral_advisor = |doctoral_students = |known_for = [[Astrofisika]] |prizes = [[Penghargaan Nobel dalam Fisika]] (2002) <br>[[Penghargaan Wolf]] (1987) |religion = |footnotes = }} '''Riccardo Giacconi''' ({{lahirmati|[[Genoa]], [[Italia]]|6|10|1931|[[San Diego]], [[California]], [[Amerika Serikat]]|9|12|2018}}) adalah seorang [[ilmuwan]] [[Amerika Serikat]] kelahiran [[Italia]]. Lahir di [[Genova]], Riccardo Giacconi menerima gelar [[Ph.D.]] dalam fisika [[sinar kosmos]] dari [[Universitas Milano]] dan kemudian menghabiskan masa pascadoktoral yang singkat dari [[Universitas Indiana]] dan [[Universitas Princeton|Princeton]]. Pada tahun [[1959]] ia bergabung dengan American Science and Engineering, sebuah perusahaan penelitian dari [[Massachusetts]], di mana ia bekerja dalam [[astronomi sinar X]]. Timnya mengembangkan [[teleskop]] [[sinar X]] dan meluncurkannya ke [[roket]]. Pada tahun [[1962]] mereka menemukan Sco X-1, sumber sinar X pertama yang diketahui ada di luar [[sistem tata surya]]. Lalu mereka membangun [[observatorium]] sinar X pengorbitan UHURU dan membuat survei pertama pada udara sinar X. Mereka menemukan "bintang" sinar X 339, yang sebagian besar dihentikan karena bahan yang jatuh ke [[lubang hitam]] dan [[bintang neutron]]. Di antaranya adalah Cygnus X-1, objek pertama yang umumnya disetujui sebagai lubang hitam. Mereka juga menemukan [[emisi]] sinar X dengan menggunakan gas panas di lingkaran [[galaksi]]. Giacconi meneruskan bekerja pada radiasi sinar X selama bebrapa tahun menggunakan sejumlah [[observatorium]] [[satelit]]. Bergabung dengan Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics pada tahun [[1973]], Giacconi memimpin pembuatan dan operasi yang berhasil atas observatorium sinar X yang kuat, HEAO-2, juga dikenal sebagai Einstein, yang membuat gambar yang lebih rinci atas sumber sinar X. Giacconi adalah direktur pertama di Space Telescope Science Institute antara tahun [[1981]]-[[1993]], dan memimpin [[European Southern Observatory]] selama 6 tahun berikutnya. Di ESO ia meninjau perkembangan dan pembangunan [[Very Large Telescope]]. Antara tahun [[1999]]-[[2004]] ia menjabat sebagai presiden Associated Universities, Inc., operator [[National Radio Astronomy Observatory]]. Dalam kedudukan ini ia terlibat dalam perkembangan Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA), ''array'' [[panjang gelombang]] [[milimeter]] dan [[submilimeter]] yang besar yang dibangun di ketinggian di [[Chili]] oleh sekelompok lembaga dari [[Eropa]], [[Amerika Serikat|Amerika]], dan [[Jepang]]. Secara serentak Giacconi telah memegang kedudukan sebagai profesor fisika dan astronomi ([[1982]]-[[1997]]) dan profesor peneliti (sejak tahun [[1998]]) di [[Universitas Johns Hopkins]]. == Penghargaan == * American Association of Physics Teachers, Richtmeyer Memorial Lectureship, [[1975]]. * [[Medali Bruce]], [[1981]] * [[American Astronomical Society]], Henry Norris Russell Lectureship, 1981. * [[American Institute of Physics]] & American Astronomical Society, [[Penghargaan Dannie Heineman untuk Astrofisika]], 1981. * [[Astronomische Gesellschaft]], [[Medali Karl Schwarzschild]], 2004. * [[Franklin Institute]], [[Medali Elliot Cresson]], 1980. * [[International Center for Relativistic Astrophysics]], [[Marcel Grossmann Award]], [[2000]] * [[National Academy of Sciences]], [[National Medal of Science]], [[2003]]. * [[Yayasan Nobel]], [[Penghargaan Nobel dalam Fisika]], 2002. * [[Royal Astronomical Society]], Medali Emas, 1982. * [[Wolf Foundation]], [[Wolf Prize]], [[1987]]. == Pranala luar == * [http://www.phys-astro.sonoma.edu/brucemedalists/Giacconi/index.html The Bruce Medalists: Riccardo Giacconi] {{Nobel Fisika}} {{Penghargaan Wolf bidang Fisika}} {{lifetime|1931|2018}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Giacconi, Riccardo}} [[Kategori:Pemenang Hadiah Nobel dalam bidang fisika]] [[Kategori:Fisikawan Amerika Serikat]] [[Kategori:Astronom Amerika Serikat]] [[Kategori:Italia-Amerika]] [[Kategori:Fisikawan Italia]] </textarea> <div class="templatesUsed"> <div class="mw-templatesUsedExplanation"> <p>Templat yang digunakan di halaman ini:</p> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pengguna:Tyhjin%C3%A4/%D0%90?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pengguna:Tyhjinä/А">Pengguna:Tyhjinä/А</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Pengguna:Tyhjin%C3%A4/%D0%90&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pengguna:Tyhjinä/А">sunting</a>)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:Authority_control?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Authority control">Templat:Authority control</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Templat:Authority_control&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Authority control">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:Birth_date?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Birth date">Templat:Birth date</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Templat:Birth_date&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Birth date">sunting</a>)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:Br_separated_entries?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Br separated entries">Templat:Br separated entries</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Templat:Br_separated_entries&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Br separated entries">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:Color?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Color">Templat:Color</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Templat:Color&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Color">sunting</a>)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:Death_date_and_age?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Death date and age">Templat:Death date and age</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Templat:Death_date_and_age&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Death date and age">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:EditAtWikidata?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:EditAtWikidata">Templat:EditAtWikidata</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Templat:EditAtWikidata&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:EditAtWikidata">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:Gambar_daftar_hitam?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Gambar daftar hitam">Templat:Gambar daftar hitam</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Templat:Gambar_daftar_hitam&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Gambar daftar hitam">sunting</a>)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:Hlist/styles.css?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Hlist/styles.css">Templat:Hlist/styles.css</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Templat:Hlist/styles.css&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Hlist/styles.css">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:If_empty?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:If empty">Templat:If empty</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Templat:If_empty&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:If empty">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:Infobox?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Infobox">Templat:Infobox</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Templat:Infobox&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Infobox">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:Infobox-addons-muslimbiotracker?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Infobox-addons-muslimbiotracker">Templat:Infobox-addons-muslimbiotracker</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Templat:Infobox-addons-muslimbiotracker&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Infobox-addons-muslimbiotracker">sunting</a>)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:Infobox_Scientist?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:Infobox Scientist">Templat:Infobox Scientist</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Templat:Infobox_Scientist&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:Infobox Scientist">sunting</a>)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:Infobox_person?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:Infobox person">Templat:Infobox person</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Templat:Infobox_person&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:Infobox person">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:Infobox_scientist?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Infobox scientist">Templat:Infobox scientist</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Templat:Infobox_scientist&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Infobox scientist">sunting</a>)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:Kotak_info_tokoh?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Kotak info tokoh">Templat:Kotak info tokoh</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Templat:Kotak_info_tokoh&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Kotak info tokoh">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:Kotak_info_tokoh/Cegah_LTA?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Kotak info tokoh/Cegah LTA">Templat:Kotak info tokoh/Cegah LTA</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Templat:Kotak_info_tokoh/Cegah_LTA&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Kotak info tokoh/Cegah LTA">sunting</a>)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:Lahirmati?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Lahirmati">Templat:Lahirmati</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Templat:Lahirmati&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Lahirmati">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:Lifetime?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Lifetime">Templat:Lifetime</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Templat:Lifetime&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Lifetime">lihat sumber</a>) (semi-dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:Main_other?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Main other">Templat:Main other</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Templat:Main_other&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Main other">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:NAMABULAN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:NAMABULAN">Templat:NAMABULAN</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Templat:NAMABULAN&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:NAMABULAN">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:NOMORBULAN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:NOMORBULAN">Templat:NOMORBULAN</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Templat:NOMORBULAN&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:NOMORBULAN">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:Navbox?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Navbox">Templat:Navbox</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Templat:Navbox&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Navbox">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:Nobel_Fisika?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:Nobel Fisika">Templat:Nobel Fisika</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Templat:Nobel_Fisika&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Templat:Nobel Fisika">sunting</a>)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:Penghargaan_Nobel_Fisika?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Penghargaan Nobel Fisika">Templat:Penghargaan Nobel Fisika</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Templat:Penghargaan_Nobel_Fisika&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Penghargaan Nobel Fisika">sunting</a>)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:Penghargaan_Wolf_bidang_Fisika?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Penghargaan Wolf bidang Fisika">Templat:Penghargaan Wolf bidang Fisika</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Templat:Penghargaan_Wolf_bidang_Fisika&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Penghargaan Wolf bidang Fisika">sunting</a>)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:Plainlist/styles.css?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Plainlist/styles.css">Templat:Plainlist/styles.css</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Templat:Plainlist/styles.css&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Plainlist/styles.css">sunting</a>)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:Strlen_quick?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Strlen quick">Templat:Strlen quick</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Templat:Strlen_quick&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Strlen quick">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:Template_other?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Template other">Templat:Template other</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Templat:Template_other&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Template other">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:Trim_leading?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Trim leading">Templat:Trim leading</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Templat:Trim_leading&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Trim leading">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:Umur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Umur">Templat:Umur</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Templat:Umur&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Umur">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:Unbulleted_list?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Unbulleted list">Templat:Unbulleted list</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Templat:Unbulleted_list&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Unbulleted list">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:Wikidata_image?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Wikidata image">Templat:Wikidata image</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Templat:Wikidata_image&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:Wikidata image">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Templat:%C2%B7?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:·">Templat:·</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Templat:%C2%B7&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Templat:·">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Modul:Arguments?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:Arguments">Modul:Arguments</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Modul:Arguments&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:Arguments">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Modul:Authority_control?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:Authority control">Modul:Authority control</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Modul:Authority_control&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:Authority control">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Modul:Check_for_unknown_parameters?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:Check for unknown parameters">Modul:Check for unknown parameters</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Modul:Check_for_unknown_parameters&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:Check for unknown parameters">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Modul:EditAtWikidata?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:EditAtWikidata">Modul:EditAtWikidata</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Modul:EditAtWikidata&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:EditAtWikidata">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Modul:If_empty?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:If empty">Modul:If empty</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Modul:If_empty&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:If empty">sunting</a>)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Modul:Infobox?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:Infobox">Modul:Infobox</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Modul:Infobox&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:Infobox">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Modul:Infobox/styles.css?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:Infobox/styles.css">Modul:Infobox/styles.css</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Modul:Infobox/styles.css&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:Infobox/styles.css">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Modul:InfoboxImage?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:InfoboxImage">Modul:InfoboxImage</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Modul:InfoboxImage&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:InfoboxImage">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Modul:List?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:List">Modul:List</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Modul:List&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:List">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Modul:Navbar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:Navbar">Modul:Navbar</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Modul:Navbar&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:Navbar">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Modul:Navbar/configuration?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:Navbar/configuration">Modul:Navbar/configuration</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Modul:Navbar/configuration&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:Navbar/configuration">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Modul:Navbar/styles.css?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:Navbar/styles.css">Modul:Navbar/styles.css</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Modul:Navbar/styles.css&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:Navbar/styles.css">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Modul:Navbox?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:Navbox">Modul:Navbox</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Modul:Navbox&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:Navbox">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Modul:Navbox/configuration?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:Navbox/configuration">Modul:Navbox/configuration</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Modul:Navbox/configuration&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:Navbox/configuration">sunting</a>)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Modul:Navbox/styles.css?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:Navbox/styles.css">Modul:Navbox/styles.css</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Modul:Navbox/styles.css&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:Navbox/styles.css">sunting</a>)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Modul:ResolveEntityId?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:ResolveEntityId">Modul:ResolveEntityId</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Modul:ResolveEntityId&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:ResolveEntityId">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Modul:Separated_entries?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:Separated entries">Modul:Separated entries</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Modul:Separated_entries&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:Separated entries">sunting</a>)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Modul:String?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:String">Modul:String</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Modul:String&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:String">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> <li><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Modul:TableTools?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:TableTools">Modul:TableTools</a> (<a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Modul:TableTools&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modul:TableTools">lihat sumber</a>) (dilindungi)</li> </ul> </div> <p id="mw-returnto">Kembali ke <a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Riccardo_Giacconi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Riccardo Giacconi">Riccardo Giacconi</a>.</p> <noscript> <img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=mobile&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"> </noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""> Diperoleh dari "<a dir="ltr" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riccardo_Giacconi">https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riccardo_Giacconi</a>" </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Bahasa</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"></ul> <p>Halaman ini tidak tersedia dalam bahasa lain.</p> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Kebijakan privasi</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Tentang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Tentang Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="https://id-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Penyangkalan_umum?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB">Penyangkalan</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Kode Etik</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://developer.wikimedia.org">Pengembang</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://stats.wikimedia.org/%23/id.wikipedia.org">Statistik</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Pernyataan kuki</a></li> <li id="footer-places-terms-use"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://foundation.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Ketentuan Penggunaan</a></li> <li id="footer-places-desktop-toggle"><a id="mw-mf-display-toggle" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DRiccardo_Giacconi%26action%3Dedit%26undo%3D11351169%26undoafter%3D10824557%26mobileaction%3Dtoggle_view_desktop" data-event-name="switch_to_desktop">Tampilan komputer (PC)</a></li> </ul> </div> </footer> </div> </div> <div class="mw-notification-area" data-mw="interface"></div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-6cc877bdc-q982l","wgBackendResponseTime":334,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.004","walltime":"0.006","ppvisitednodes":{"value":15,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":404,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":0,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":2,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":0,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 0.000 1 -total"]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-6cc877bdc-q982l","timestamp":"20250226090651","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script>(window.NORLQ=window.NORLQ||[]).push(function(){var ns,i,p,img;ns=document.getElementsByTagName('noscript');for(i=0;i<ns.length;i++){p=ns[i].nextSibling;if(p&&p.className&&p.className.indexOf('lazy-image-placeholder')>-1){img=document.createElement('img');img.setAttribute('src',p.getAttribute('data-mw-src'));img.setAttribute('width',p.getAttribute('data-width'));img.setAttribute('height',p.getAttribute('data-height'));img.setAttribute('alt',p.getAttribute('data-alt'));p.parentNode.replaceChild(img,p);}}});</script> <script>function gtElInit() {var lib = new google.translate.TranslateService();lib.translatePage('id', 'en', function () {});}</script> <script src="https://translate.google.com/translate_a/element.js?cb=gtElInit&hl=en-GB&client=wt" type="text/javascript"></script> </body> </html>