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<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"/> <title>Public Suffix List - MozillaWiki</title> <script>document.documentElement.className="client-js";RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"dc5ad8553265153ec1562962","wgCSPNonce":false,"wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Public_Suffix_List","wgTitle":"Public Suffix 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rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="MozillaWiki Atom feed" href="/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"/> </head> <body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Public_Suffix_List rootpage-Public_Suffix_List skin-vector action-view skin-vector-legacy vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-language-alert-in-sidebar-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-edit-disabled vector-feature-table-of-contents-disabled vector-feature-visual-enhancement-next-disabled"><div id="mw-page-base" class="noprint"></div> <div id="mw-head-base" class="noprint"></div> <div id="content" class="mw-body" role="main"> <a id="top"></a> <div id="siteNotice"></div> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Public Suffix List</span></h1> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body"> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From MozillaWiki</div> <div id="contentSub"></div> <div id="contentSub2"></div> <div id="jump-to-nav"></div> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#mw-head">Jump to navigation</a> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#searchInput">Jump to search</a> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-parser-output"><p>The Public Suffix List (PSL) is an attempt to build a database of <i>Top-Level Domains</i> (TLDs) including the respective registry's policies on domain registrations at different levels. </p><p>While the Public Suffix List has no opinion on alternative root systems, the list recognizes as authoritative and complies with <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icann.org/en/about/unique-authoritative-root">ICP-3: A Unique, Authoritative Root for the DNS</a> (ICANN, September 2001), allowing TLDs under the ICANN Root as well as inclusive sub-domain entries, and cookie apexes that comply with ICP-3 in a non-discriminatory manner. </p><p>Entries addition/updates/deletions are put through a loose process of vetting, curation, and validation by the community volunteers who help maintain the list. </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Purpose(s)"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Purpose(s)</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Website"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Website</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Registries"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Registries</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Outreach_to_Registries"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Outreach to Registries</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#ICANN_Reviews"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">ICANN Reviews</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-6"><a href="#The_ICANN_Office_of_the_CTO_(OCTO)"><span class="tocnumber">3.2.1</span> <span class="toctext">The ICANN Office of the CTO (OCTO)</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-7"><a href="#ICANN_Security_and_Stability_Advisory_Committee_(SSAC)"><span class="tocnumber">3.2.2</span> <span class="toctext">ICANN Security and Stability Advisory Committee (SSAC)</span></a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#Links"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Links</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#TLD_Lists"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">TLD Lists</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#Mozilla_Bug_Reports"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Mozilla Bug Reports</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#Articles"><span class="tocnumber">4.3</span> <span class="toctext">Articles</span></a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <h2><span id="Purpose.28s.29"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Purpose(s)">Purpose(s)</span></h2> <p>Previously, browsers used an algorithm which basically only denied setting wide-ranging cookies for top-level domains with no dots (e.g. com or org). However, this did not work for top-level domains where only third-level registrations are allowed (e.g. co.uk). In these cases, websites could set a cookie for co.uk which will be passed onto every website registered under co.uk. </p><p>Clearly, this was a security risk as it allowed websites other than the one setting the cookie to read it, and therefore potentially extract sensitive information. </p><p>Since there is no algorithmic method of finding the highest level at which a domain may be registered for a particular top-level domain (the policies differ with each registry), the only method is to create a list of all top-level domains and the level at which domains can be registered. This is the aim of the effective TLD list. </p><p>As well as being used to prevent cookies from being set where they shouldn't be, the list can also potentially be used for other applications where the registry controlled and privately controlled parts of a domain name need to be known, for example when grouping by top-level domains. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Website">Website</span></h2> <p>The website for the Public Suffix List is at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://publicsuffix.org/">http://publicsuffix.org/</a>. Updates and maintainence is conducted on GitHub at the following URL: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/publicsuffix/list/">https://github.com/publicsuffix/list/</a> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Registries">Registries</span></h2> <p>Maintaining an up-to-date list of all top-level domains and policies is clearly a vast task, and therefore each registry has been asked to maintain their own section of the database and email any changes to the effective TLD list maintenance team, who will then merge it with the master database. </p><p><br /> </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Outreach_to_Registries">Outreach to Registries</span></h3> <p>Some outreach has been performed to help expand the awareness of the Public Suffix List within the ICANN Community - to bridge the divide between registries and the PSL community. Here are some presentations that have been made to the ccTLD community and to gTLDs at ICANN meetings since 2011. </p> <ul><li>ccTLD Tech Day, June 2011 - ICANN #41, Singapore <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://ccnso.icann.org/ar/node/25139">[1]</a></li> <li>ccTLD Tech Day, November 2013 - ICANN #48, Buenos Aires, Argentina <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://buenosaires48.icann.org/en/schedule/mon-tech/presentation-psl-18nov13-en">[2]</a></li> <li>Tech Day, March 2017 - ICANN #58, Copenhagen, Denmark</li> <li>Tech Day, March 2019 - ICANN #64, Kobe, Japan</li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="ICANN_Reviews">ICANN Reviews</span></h3> <h4><span id="The_ICANN_Office_of_the_CTO_.28OCTO.29"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="The_ICANN_Office_of_the_CTO_(OCTO)">The ICANN Office of the CTO (OCTO)</span></h4> <p>Members of the OCTO collaborated with the PSL Volunteers to make a document available that helps inform Registries on the process of reviewing and maintaining their PSL entries. </p> <ul><li>OCTO 11 <a href="/index.php?title=User:PaulHoffman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="User:PaulHoffman (page does not exist)">user:PaulHoffman</a>: "The Public Suffix List: A Guide for TLD Administrators" <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.icann.org/en/system/files/files/octo-011-18may20-en.pdf">[3]</a></li></ul> <h4><span id="ICANN_Security_and_Stability_Advisory_Committee_.28SSAC.29"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="ICANN_Security_and_Stability_Advisory_Committee_(SSAC)">ICANN Security and Stability Advisory Committee (SSAC)</span></h4> <p>ICANN has a Security and Stability Advisory Committee <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.icann.org/resources/pages/ssac-role-2018-02-06-en">[4]</a>, with the role of advising the ICANN community and Board on matters relating to the security and integrity of the Internet's naming and address allocation systems. </p><p>They created a working group which convened 2014-2015 to review the use of Public Suffix Lists, and how to impliment them within software, in security, and in language libraries and other systems. This ultimately resulted in <b>SAC070</b>, an advisory on the use of Public Suffix Lists. </p><p>Although it is slightly dated and not current and entirely applicable to the Mozilla PSL, it does contain good practices and advise. Please familiarize yourself with their findings and consider them in your use of these lists. The review included <a href="/User:Jothan" title="User:Jothan">u:jothan</a> and <a href="/User:Gerv" title="User:Gerv">User:Gerv</a> </p> <ul><li>SAC070 (In Japanese / 日本語) <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.icann.org/ja/system/files/files/sac-070-ja.pdf">[5]</a></li> <li>SAC070 (In English) <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.icann.org/en/system/files/files/sac-070-en.pdf">[6]</a></li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Links">Links</span></h2> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://publicsuffix.org/">The Public Suffix List</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icann.org/en/about/unique-authoritative-root">ICP-3: A Unique, Authoritative Root for the DNS</a></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="TLD_Lists">TLD Lists</span></h3> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mxr.mozilla.org/mozilla-central/source/netwerk/dns/effective_tld_names.dat?raw=1">Current Effective TLD List</a> (use <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://publicsuffix.org/">http://publicsuffix.org/</a> instead)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Internet_top-level_domains">Wikipedia: List of Internet top-level domains</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iana.org/domains/root/db/">IANA Root Zone Database</a></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Mozilla_Bug_Reports">Mozilla Bug Reports</span></h3> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=9422">Bug 9422 - Unsafe handling of illegal cookie domain attributes</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=252342">Bug 252342 - fix cookie domain checks to not allow .co.uk</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=342314">Bug 342314 - Need effective-TLD file</a></li></ul> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Articles">Articles</span></h3> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wiki.mozilla.org/Gecko:Effective_TLD_Service">Gecko: Effective TLD Service - MozillaWiki</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://weblogs.mozillazine.org/gerv/archives/2006/10/dns_structure.html">Hacking for Christ: DNS Structure</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://weblogs.mozillazine.org/gerv/archives/2007/01/effective_tld_list_help_wanted.html">Hacking for Christ: "Effective TLD" List: Help Wanted</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vivaldi.net/blogs/entry/how-to-make-sure-the-cookies-don-t-burn-your-fingers">How to make sure the cookies don't burn your fingers? 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