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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Tek-pia%CC%8Dt:%E6%88%91%E5%85%B6%E8%A8%8E%E8%AB%96" title="有關來自此 IP 位址編輯的討論[n]" accesskey="n"><span>Thó-lūn</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Bāng-tsām"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Bo̍k-lo̍k" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Bo̍k-lo̍k</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至側邊欄</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">Bih</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Sū-giân</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Tēng-gī" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tēng-gī"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Tēng-gī</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tēng-gī-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hong-giân_chha-pia̍t" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hong-giân_chha-pia̍t"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Hong-giân chha-pia̍t</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hong-giân_chha-pia̍t-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hong-giân_chûn-chāi_ê_hêng-sek" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hong-giân_chûn-chāi_ê_hêng-sek"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Hong-giân chûn-chāi ê hêng-sek</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hong-giân_chûn-chāi_ê_hêng-sek-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chham-khó" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chham-khó"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Chham-khó</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chham-khó-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Khòaⁿ_lēng-gōa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Khòaⁿ_lēng-gōa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Khòaⁿ lēng-gōa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Khòaⁿ_lēng-gōa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Bo̍k-lo̍k" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="tshiat-uānn bo̍k-lio̍k" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">tshiat-uānn bo̍k-lio̍k</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Hong-giân</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往別種語言的條目。有 131 種語言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-131" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">131 chióng gú-giân</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialek" title="Dialek – 南非荷蘭文" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Dialek" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialekt" title="Dialekt – 德文（瑞士）" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Dialekt" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="德文（瑞士）" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialecto" title="Dialecto – 阿拉貢文" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Dialecto" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉貢文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%87%D8%AC%D8%A9" title="لهجة – 阿拉伯文" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لهجة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%87%D8%AC%D9%87" title="لهجه – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لهجه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="উপভাষা – 阿薩姆文" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="উপভাষা" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="阿薩姆文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialeutu" title="Dialeutu – 阿斯圖里亞文" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Dialeutu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯圖里亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Диалект – 阿瓦爾文" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Диалект" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="阿瓦爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialekt" title="Dialekt – 亞塞拜然文" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Dialekt" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="亞塞拜然文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Диалект – 巴什喀爾文" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Диалект" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什喀爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialekt" title="Dialekt – 巴伐利亞文" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Dialekt" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="巴伐利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarmie" title="Tarmie – 薩莫吉希亞文" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Tarmie" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="薩莫吉希亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diyalekto" title="Diyalekto – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Diyalekto" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Дыялект – 白俄羅斯文" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Дыялект" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄羅斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Дыялект – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Дыялект" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Диалект – 保加利亞文" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Диалект" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="উপভাষা – 孟加拉文" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উপভাষা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A1%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%90%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8D" title="ཡུལ་སྐད། – 藏文" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཡུལ་སྐད།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="藏文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rannyezh" title="Rannyezh – 布列塔尼文" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Rannyezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dijalekt" title="Dijalekt – 波士尼亞文" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Dijalekt" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波士尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialecte" title="Dialecte – 加泰蘭文" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Dialecte" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hu%C5%8Fng-ngi%C3%B2ng" title="Huŏng-ngiòng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Huŏng-ngiòng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="زار – 中庫德文" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زار" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中庫德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A1%C5%99e%C4%8D%C3%AD" title="Nářečí – 捷克文" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Nářečí" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Диалект – 楚瓦什文" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Диалект" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tafodiaith" title="Tafodiaith – 威爾斯文" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Tafodiaith" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威爾斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialekt" title="Dialekt – 丹麥文" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Dialekt" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麥文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialekt" title="Dialekt – 德文" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Dialekt" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diyalekt" title="Diyalekt – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Diyalekt" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Διάλεκτος – 希臘文" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Διάλεκτος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希臘文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialect" title="Dialect – 英文" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Dialect" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialekto" title="Dialekto – 世界文" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Dialekto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialecto" title="Dialecto – 西班牙文" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Dialecto" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murre" title="Murre – 愛沙尼亞文" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Murre" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="愛沙尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialekto" title="Dialekto – 巴斯克文" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Dialekto" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B4" title="گویش – 波斯文" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گویش" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murre" title="Murre – 芬蘭文" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Murre" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murr%C3%B5q" title="Murrõq – 佛羅文" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Murrõq" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="佛羅文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1lf%C3%B8ri" title="Málføri – 法羅文" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Málføri" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="法羅文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialecte" title="Dialecte – 法文" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Dialecte" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialekt" title="Dialekt – 西弗里西亞文" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Dialekt" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Can%C3%BAint" title="Canúint – 愛爾蘭文" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Canúint" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="愛爾蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialecto" title="Dialecto – 加利西亞文" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Dialecto" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AC%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%B2%E0%AB%80" title="બોલી – 古吉拉特文" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="બોલી" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="古吉拉特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fo-ghlaare" title="Fo-ghlaare – 曼島文" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Fo-ghlaare" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="曼島文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%91_(%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%95%D7%95%D7%92_%D7%A9%D7%A4%D7%94)" title="ניב (סיווג שפה) – 希伯來文" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ניב (סיווג שפה)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯來文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="उपभाषा – 印地文" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="उपभाषा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dijalekt" title="Dijalekt – 克羅埃西亞文" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Dijalekt" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克羅埃西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aksan" title="Aksan – 海地文" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Aksan" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="海地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialektus" title="Dialektus – 匈牙利文" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Dialektus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%BC" title="Բարբառ – 亞美尼亞文" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բարբառ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亞美尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialecto" title="Dialecto – 國際文" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Dialecto" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="國際文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialek" title="Dialek – 印尼文" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Dialek" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印尼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialecte" title="Dialecte – 國際文（E）" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Dialecte" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="國際文（E）" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialekto" title="Dialekto – 伊多文" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Dialekto" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1ll%C3%BDska" title="Mállýska – 冰島文" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Mállýska" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰島文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialetto" title="Dialetto – 義大利文" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Dialetto" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="義大利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E8%A8%80" title="方言 – 日文" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="方言" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhial%C3%A8k" title="Dhialèk – 爪哇文" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Dhialèk" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="დიალექტი – 喬治亞文" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="დიალექტი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="喬治亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patua" title="Patua – 剛果文" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Patua" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="剛果文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Диалект – 哈薩克文" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Диалект" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈薩克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%A9%EC%96%B8" title="방언 – 韓文" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="방언" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韓文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zarava" title="Zarava – 庫德文" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Zarava" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="庫德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Диалект – 吉爾吉斯文" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Диалект" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="吉爾吉斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialectos" title="Dialectos – 拉丁文" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Dialectos" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialeto" title="Dialeto – 新共同語言" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Dialeto" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="新共同語言" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialek" title="Dialek – 林堡文" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Dialek" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialet" title="Dialet – 倫巴底文" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Dialet" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="倫巴底文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarm%C4%97" title="Tarmė – 立陶宛文" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Tarmė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialekts" title="Dialekts – 拉脫維亞文" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Dialekts" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脫維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialek" title="Dialek – 米南卡堡文" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Dialek" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="米南卡堡文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Дијалект – 馬其頓文" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Дијалект" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="馬其頓文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%89%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B7" title="ഉപഭാഷ – 馬來亞拉姆文" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഉപഭാഷ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="馬來亞拉姆文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Аялга – 蒙古文" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Аялга" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="पोटभाषा – 馬拉地文" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="पोटभाषा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="馬拉地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loghat" title="Loghat – 馬來文" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Loghat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="馬來文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djalett" title="Djalett – 馬爾他文" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Djalett" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="馬爾他文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialekt" title="Dialekt – 低地德文" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Dialekt" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialekt" title="Dialekt – 低地薩克遜文" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Dialekt" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="低地薩克遜文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80" title="बोली – 尼泊爾文" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="बोली" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8D" title="कचाभाय् – 尼瓦爾文" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="कचाभाय्" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="尼瓦爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialect" title="Dialect – 荷蘭文" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Dialect" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A5lf%C3%B8re" title="Målføre – 耐諾斯克挪威文" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Målføre" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="耐諾斯克挪威文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialekt" title="Dialekt – 巴克摩挪威文" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Dialekt" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="巴克摩挪威文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loceis" title="Loceis – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Loceis" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dial%C3%A8cte" title="Dialècte – 奧克西坦文" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Dialècte" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奧克西坦文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%89%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE" title="ਉਪਭਾਸ਼ਾ – 旁遮普文" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਉਪਭਾਸ਼ਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialecto" title="Dialecto – 帕皮阿門托文" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Dialecto" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="帕皮阿門托文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialekt" title="Dialekt – 波蘭文" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Dialekt" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dial%C3%A8t" title="Dialèt – 皮埃蒙特文" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Dialèt" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="皮埃蒙特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DA%91%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C" title="پڑبولی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="پڑبولی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%DA%93%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AF" title="گړدود – 普什圖文" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="گړدود" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什圖文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialeto" title="Dialeto – 葡萄牙文" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Dialeto" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%27iti_rimay" title="K'iti rimay – 蓋楚瓦文" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="K'iti rimay" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="蓋楚瓦文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialect" title="Dialect – 羅馬尼亞文" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Dialect" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="羅馬尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Диалект – 俄文" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Диалект" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Діалект – 盧森尼亞文" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Діалект" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="盧森尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D3%A9%D0%BB%D0%B1%D1%8D_%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Түөлбэ тыла – 雅庫特文" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Түөлбэ тыла" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="雅庫特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byleid" title="Byleid – 蘇格蘭文" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Byleid" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="蘇格蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%87%D8%AC%D9%88" title="لهجو – 信德文" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="لهجو" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dijalekt" title="Dijalekt – 塞爾維亞克羅埃西亞文" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Dijalekt" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞爾維亞克羅埃西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantala" title="Tantala – 希爾哈文" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tantala" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="希爾哈文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialect" title="Dialect – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Dialect" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A1re%C4%8Die" title="Nárečie – 斯洛伐克文" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Nárečie" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nare%C4%8Dje" title="Narečje – 斯洛維尼亞文" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Narečje" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛維尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afguri" title="Afguri – 索馬利文" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Afguri" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="索馬利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialekti" title="Dialekti – 阿爾巴尼亞文" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Dialekti" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿爾巴尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Дијалект – 塞爾維亞文" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Дијалект" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞爾維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dial%C3%A9k" title="Dialék – 巽他文" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Dialék" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialekt" title="Dialekt – 瑞典文" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Dialekt" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lahaja" title="Lahaja – 史瓦希里文" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Lahaja" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="史瓦希里文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djalekt" title="Djalekt – 西利西亞文" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Djalekt" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="西利西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="வட்டாரமொழி வழக்குகள் – 坦米爾文" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வட்டாரமொழி வழக்குகள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="坦米爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2" title="ภาษาย่อย – 泰文" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาษาย่อย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diyalekto" title="Diyalekto – 塔加路族文" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Diyalekto" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="塔加路族文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leh%C3%A7e_(dilbilim)" title="Lehçe (dilbilim) – 土耳其文" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Lehçe (dilbilim)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B6yl%C3%A4m" title="Söyläm – 韃靼文" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Söyläm" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="韃靼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Діалект – 烏克蘭文" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Діалект" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="烏克蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lahja" title="Lahja – 烏茲別克文" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Lahja" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="烏茲別克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dia%C5%82eto" title="Diałeto – 威尼斯文" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Diałeto" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="威尼斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_ng%E1%BB%AF" title="Phương ngữ – 越南文" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Phương ngữ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diyaleke" title="Diyaleke – 瓦隆文" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Diyaleke" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="瓦隆文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyalekto" title="Dyalekto – 瓦瑞文" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Dyalekto" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="chin-chán ê bûn-chiuⁿ"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E8%A8%80" title="方言 – 吳語" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="方言" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吳語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="დიალექტი – 明格列爾文" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="დიალექტი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="明格列爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%A2%D7%A7%D7%98" title="דיאלעקט – 意第緒文" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="דיאלעקט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第緒文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8D%E2%B4%B0" title="ⵜⴰⵏⵜⴰⵍⴰ – 標準摩洛哥塔馬塞特文" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵜⴰⵏⵜⴰⵍⴰ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="標準摩洛哥塔馬塞特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E8%A8%80" title="方言 – 中文" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="方言" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="中文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E8%A8%80" title="方言 – 粵語" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="方言" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粵語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UMvethezo" title="UMvethezo – 祖魯文" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="UMvethezo" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="祖魯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q33384#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Kái kî-thaⁿ gú-giân ê liân-kiat" class="wbc-editpage">Kái liân-kiat</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Miâ-khong-kan"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hong-gi%C3%A2n" title="khoàⁿ ia̍h ê 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dir="ltr"><table class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox-notice" style="background: #f7f7f7"> <tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width: 52px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/t%C3%B3ng-%C3%A0n:Chinese_Character_Symbol.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Chinese_Character_Symbol.png/45px-Chinese_Character_Symbol.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Chinese_Character_Symbol.png/68px-Chinese_Character_Symbol.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Chinese_Character_Symbol.png/90px-Chinese_Character_Symbol.png 2x" data-file-width="156" data-file-height="175" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text" style=""><span class="mbox-text-span"><b>這篇文章有漢字兮版本。</b><br />參考這篇文章兮<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E8%A8%80" class="mw-redirect" title="方言">漢字版本</a>。<span class="hide-when-compact"> <br /><small></small></span> <span class="hide-when-compact"> </span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <dl><dd><i>"Hong-giân" ê kî-tha ì-sù, chham-khó <a href="/wiki/Hong-gi%C3%A2n_(khu-pia%CC%8Dt-ia%CC%8Dh)" class="mw-disambig" title="Hong-giân (khu-pia̍t-ia̍h)">hong-giân (khu-pia̍t-ia̍h)</a>.</i></dd></dl> <p><b>Hong-giân</b> (方言; <a href="/wiki/Eng-g%C3%AD" title="Eng-gí">Eng-gí</a>: <i>dialect</i>) it-poaⁿ iā kiò chò <b>thó͘-ōe</b> (土話)<sup id="cite_ref-Eng-Hā_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eng-Hā-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, tī <a href="/wiki/Gi%C3%A2n-g%C3%BA-ha%CC%8Dk" title="Giân-gú-ha̍k">giân-gú-ha̍k</a> siōng sī chi̍t ê <a href="/wiki/Gi%C3%A2n-g%C3%BA" title="Giân-gú">giân-gú</a> tī bô-kāng só͘-chāi he̍k-chiá jîn-kûn ê piàn-hêng. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tēng-gī"><span id="T.C4.93ng-g.C4.AB"></span>Tēng-gī</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong-gi%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Pian-chi̍p toān-lo̍h: Tēng-gī" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>siu-kái</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong-gi%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=1" title="編輯章節的原始碼： Tēng-gī"><span>kái goân-sí-bé</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hong-giân kan-tán ê tēng-gī sī chí chi̍t-ê gián-gí lāi ū <a href="/wiki/H%C5%8D%CD%98-si%C5%8Dng_kh%C3%B3-l%C3%AD-k%C3%A1i-s%C3%A8ng" title="Hō͘-siōng khó-lí-kái-sèng">hō͘-siōng khó-lí-kái-sèng</a> (<i>mutual intelligibility</i>) ê chi̍t kóa kiōng-chûn <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pi%C3%A0n-ch%C3%A9ng_(gi%C3%A2n-g%C3%BA-ha%CC%8Dk)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Piàn-chéng (giân-gú-ha̍k) (iáu-boē siá)">piàn-chéng</a> (<i>variety</i>); chóng-sī chit khoán tēng-gī sī ū būn-tê--ê, in-ūi ū-sî bô-kâng gián-gí chi kan oa-na ū it-tēng thêng-tō͘ ê hō͘-siōng lí-kài khó-lêng (pí-lūn <a href="/wiki/S%C5%ABi-ti%C3%A1n-g%C3%AD" title="Sūi-tián-gí">Sūi-tián-gí</a> kap <a href="/wiki/N%C3%B4%CD%98-ui-g%C3%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="Nô͘-ui-gí">Nô͘-ui-gí</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-Cameron2010_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cameron2010-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nā beh kui-la̍p chhut chi̍t-ê hong-giân, tāi-seng su-iàu jīn-tēng chhut chi̍t-ê hâm chē chióng piàn-chéng ê giân-gí. Ùi pún giân-gí ē-té ê ta̍k-ê piàn-chéng chi kan ū ho͘-im, sû-lūi, kap bûn-hoat ê cheng-chha. Hong-giân chi kan ê pian-kài sī hâm-hô͘--ê, liân-sòa ê tē-khu-sèng hong-giân ū khó-lêng sán-seng chi̍t tiâu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong-gi%C3%A2n_li%C4%81n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong-giân liān (iáu-boē siá)">hong-giân liān</a> (<i>dialect chain</i>), he̍k-chiá kiò hong-giân liân-sio̍k-thé (<i>dialect continuum</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> tang-tiong sio-óa ê nn̄g khoán hong-giân beh-kâng ê thêng-tō͘ pí bô sio-óa--ê khah koân.<sup id="cite_ref-Cameron2010_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cameron2010-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hong-giân_chha-pia̍t"><span id="Hong-gi.C3.A2n_chha-pia.CC.8Dt"></span>Hong-giân chha-pia̍t</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong-gi%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Pian-chi̍p toān-lo̍h: Hong-giân chha-pia̍t" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>siu-kái</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong-gi%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=2" title="編輯章節的原始碼： Hong-giân chha-pia̍t"><span>kái goân-sí-bé</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hong-giân chi kan ê chha-pia̍t thang hun sò͘-liōng-sèng (<i>quantitative</i>) kap sèng-chit-sèng (<i>qualitative</i>) nn̄g-ê hong-bīn lâi liáu-kái.<sup id="cite_ref-Cameron2010_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cameron2010-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hong-giân_chûn-chāi_ê_hêng-sek"><span id="Hong-gi.C3.A2n_ch.C3.BBn-ch.C4.81i_.C3.AA_h.C3.AAng-sek"></span>Hong-giân chûn-chāi ê hêng-sek</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong-gi%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Pian-chi̍p toān-lo̍h: Hong-giân chûn-chāi ê hêng-sek" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>siu-kái</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong-gi%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=3" title="編輯章節的原始碼： Hong-giân chûn-chāi ê hêng-sek"><span>kái goân-sí-bé</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hong-giân thang hun chò tē-hng-seǹg hong-giân kap <a href="/w/index.php?title=Si%C4%81-h%C3%B2e-s%C3%A8ng_hong-gi%C3%A2n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siā-hòe-sèng hong-giân (iáu-boē siá)">siā-hòe-sèng hong-giân</a> (<i>social dialect</i>). Tē-hng-sèng ê hong-giân sī chiàu té-lí ê khu-he̍k lâi koat-tēng; nā siā-hòe-sèng ê hong-giân, sī chí san-seng tī <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A8ng-pia%CC%8Dt" title="Sèng-pia̍t">sèng-pia̍t</a>, nî-hòe kap cho̍k-hē téng in-sò͘ chi kan ê hong-giân.<sup id="cite_ref-Cameron2010_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cameron2010-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chham-khó"><span id="Chham-kh.C3.B3"></span>Chham-khó</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong-gi%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Pian-chi̍p toān-lo̍h: Chham-khó" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>siu-kái</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong-gi%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=4" title="編輯章節的原始碼： Chham-khó"><span>kái goân-sí-bé</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3113912">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Eng-Hā-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Eng-Hā_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Carstairs Douglas (1873). <i>Chinese English dictionary of Vernacular or Spoken Language of Amoy</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chinese+English+dictionary+of+Vernacular+or+Spoken+Language+of+Amoy&rft.au=Carstairs+Douglas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-min-nan.wikipedia.org%3AHong-gi%C3%A2n" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cameron2010-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Cameron2010_2-0">2.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Cameron2010_2-1">2.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Cameron2010_2-2">2.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Cameron2010_2-3">2.3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia">Richard Cameron (2010). "Dialect". Chū Patrick Colm Hogan. <i>The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the Language Sciences</i>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Tek-pia%CC%8Dt:%E5%9C%96%E6%9B%B8%E6%BA%90/9780521866897" title="Tek-pia̍t:圖書源/9780521866897">9780521866897</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Dialect&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+Encyclopedia+of+the+Language+Sciences&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.isbn=9780521866897&rft.au=Richard+Cameron&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-min-nan.wikipedia.org%3AHong-gi%C3%A2n" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Carmen Llamas; Louise Mullany; Peter Stockwell, pian. (2006). "Glossary". <i>The Routledge Companion to Sociolinguistics</i>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Tek-pia%CC%8Dt:%E5%9C%96%E6%9B%B8%E6%BA%90/9781134303489" title="Tek-pia̍t:圖書源/9781134303489">9781134303489</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Glossary&rft.btitle=The+Routledge+Companion+to+Sociolinguistics&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.isbn=9781134303489&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-min-nan.wikipedia.org%3AHong-gi%C3%A2n" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Khòaⁿ_lēng-gōa"><span id="Kh.C3.B2a.E2.81.BF_l.C4.93ng-g.C5.8Da"></span>Khòaⁿ lēng-gōa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong-gi%C3%A2n&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Pian-chi̍p toān-lo̍h: Khòaⁿ lēng-gōa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>siu-kái</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong-gi%C3%A2n&action=edit&section=5" title="編輯章節的原始碼： Khòaⁿ lēng-gōa"><span>kái goân-sí-bé</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khiu%E2%81%BF-kh%C3%A1u&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khiuⁿ-kháu (iáu-boē siá)">Khiuⁿ-kháu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hong-gi%C3%A2n-ha%CC%8Dk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hong-giân-ha̍k (iáu-boē siá)">Hong-giân-ha̍k</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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