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Yet his heart was unyielding and he would not let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nlt/exodus/9.htm">New Living Translation</a></span><br />Pharaoh sent his officials to investigate, and they discovered that the Israelites had not lost a single animal! But even so, Pharaoh’s heart remained stubborn, and he still refused to let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/esv/exodus/9.htm">English Standard Version</a></span><br />And Pharaoh sent, and behold, not one of the livestock of Israel was dead. But the heart of Pharaoh was hardened, and he did not let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/exodus/9.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />Pharaoh sent officials and found that none of the livestock of the Israelites had died. But Pharaoh’s heart was hardened, and he would not let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/exodus/9.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />And Pharaoh sent, and, behold, there was not one of the cattle of the Israelites dead. And the heart of Pharaoh was hardened, and he did not let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/exodus/9.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />Then Pharaoh sent, and indeed, not even one of the livestock of the Israelites was dead. But the heart of Pharaoh became hard, and he did not let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/exodus/9.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />And Pharaoh sent <i>men,</i> and <i>they learned that,</i> behold, not even one of the livestock of Israel was dead. But the heart of Pharaoh was hardened, and he did not let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/exodus/9.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />Pharaoh sent, and behold, there was not even one of the livestock of Israel dead. But the heart of Pharaoh was hardened, and he did not let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/exodus/9.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />And Pharaoh sent, and behold, there was not even one of the livestock of Israel dead. But the heart of Pharaoh was hardened, and he did not let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/exodus/9.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />And Pharaoh sent, and behold, there was not even one of the livestock of Israel dead. But the heart of Pharaoh was hardened with firmness, and he did not let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/exodus/9.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />Then Pharaoh sent [men to investigate], and not even one of the livestock of the Israelites had died. But the heart of Pharaoh was hardened [and his mind was firmly set], and he did not let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/exodus/9.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />Pharaoh sent messengers who saw that not a single one of the Israelite livestock was dead. But Pharaoh’s heart was hard, and he did not let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/exodus/9.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />Pharaoh sent messengers who saw that not a single one of the Israelite livestock was dead. But Pharaoh&#8217s heart was hardened, and he did not let the people go. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/exodus/9.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />And Pharaoh sent, and, behold, there was not so much as one of the cattle of the Israelites dead. But the heart of Pharaoh was stubborn, and he did not let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cev/exodus/9.htm">Contemporary English Version</a></span><br />When the king found out, he was still too stubborn to let the people go. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/exodus/9.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />And Pharaoh sent, and, behold, there was not so much as one of the cattle of the Israelites dead. But the heart of Pharaoh was stubborn, and he did not let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/exodus/9.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />Pharaoh found out that not one of the Israelites' animals had died. Yet, Pharaoh continued to be stubborn and would not let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/exodus/9.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />The king asked what had happened and was told that none of the animals of the Israelites had died. But he was stubborn and would not let the people go. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/exodus/9.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />Then Pharaoh inquired and discovered that not a single one of the livestock of Israel had died, but Pharaoh's heart was stubborn and he would not let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/exodus/9.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />Pharaoh sent officials and found that none of the livestock of the Israelites had died. But Pharaoh?s heart was hardened, and he would not let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/exodus/9.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />Pharaoh sent representatives to investigate, and indeed, not even one of the livestock of Israel had died. But Pharaoh's heart remained hard, and he did not release the people. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/exodus/9.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />Pharaoh sent, and, look, there was not so much as one of the livestock of Israel dead. But the heart of Pharaoh was stubborn, and he did not let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/exodus/9.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />And Pharaoh sent, and behold, there was not one of the cattle of the Israelites dead. And the heart of Pharaoh was hardened, and he did not let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/exodus/9.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />Pharaoh sent, and, behold, there was not so much as one of the livestock of the Israelites dead. But the heart of Pharaoh was stubborn, and he didn’t let the people go. <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/exodus/9.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />and Pharaoh sends, and behold, not even one of the livestock of Israel has died, and the heart of Pharaoh is hard, and he has not sent the people away.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/exodus/9.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> and Pharaoh sendeth, and lo, not even one of the cattle of Israel hath died, and the heart of Pharaoh is hard, and he hath not sent the people away.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/exodus/9.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />And Pharaoh will send, and behold, from the cattle of Israel, there died not even one And the heart of Pharaoh will be heavy, and he sent not forth the people.<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/exodus/9.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />And Pharao sent to see: and there was not any thing dead of that which Israel possessed. And Pharao's heart was hardened, and he did not let the people go. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/exodus/9.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br />And Pharaoh sent to see; neither was there anything dead of those things that Israel possessed. And the heart of Pharaoh was hardened, and he did not release the people.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/exodus/9.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />But although Pharaoh found upon inquiry that not even so much as one of the livestock of the Israelites had died, he remained obstinate and would not let the people go. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/exodus/9.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />Pharaoh inquired and found that not one of the livestock of the Israelites was dead. But the heart of Pharaoh was hardened, and he would not let the people go.<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/exodus/9.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />And Pharaoh sent, and, behold, there was not one of the cattle of the Israelites dead. And the heart of Pharaoh was hardened and he did not let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/exodus/9.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />And Pharaoh sent and he saw that not even one of the beasts of Israel died, and the heart of Pharaoh was hardened and he did not send the people out.<div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/exodus/9.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />And Pharaoh sent, and, behold, there was not so much as one of the cattle of the Israelites dead. But the heart of Pharaoh was stubborn, and he did not let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/exodus/9.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />And when Pharao saw, that of all the cattle of the children of Israel there died not one, the heart of Pharao was hardened, and he did not let the people go.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/exodus/9-7.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/kVae3PiKqhs?start=1998" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/exodus/9.htm">The Fifth Plague: Livestock</a></span><br>…<span class="reftext">6</span>And the next day the LORD did just that. All the livestock of the Egyptians died, but not one animal belonging to the Israelites died. <span class="reftext">7</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/6547.htm" title="6547: par·‘ōh (N-proper-ms) -- A title of Eg. kings. Of Egyptian derivation; Paroh, a general title of Egyptian kings.">Pharaoh</a> <a href="/hebrew/7971.htm" title="7971: way·yiš·laḥ (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms) -- To send. A primitive root; to send away, for, or out.">sent officials</a> <a href="/hebrew/2009.htm" title="2009: wə·hin·nêh (Conj-w:: Interjection) -- Lo! behold! Prolongation for hen; lo!">and found that</a> <a href="/hebrew/3808.htm" title="3808: lō- (Adv-NegPrt) -- Not. Or lowi; or loh; a primitive particle; not; by implication, no; often used with other particles.">none</a> <a href="/hebrew/259.htm" title="259: ’e·ḥāḏ (Number-ms) -- One. A numeral from 'achad; properly, united, i.e. One; or first."></a> <a href="/hebrew/4735.htm" title="4735: mim·miq·nêh (Prep-m:: N-msc) -- Cattle. From qanah; something bought, i.e. Property, but only livestock; abstractly, acquisition.">of the livestock</a> <a href="/hebrew/3478.htm" title="3478: yiś·rā·’êl (N-proper-ms) -- From sarah and 'el; he will rule as God; Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also of his posterity."></a> <a href="/hebrew/5704.htm" title="5704: ‘aḏ- (Prep) -- As far as, even to, up to, until, while. Properly, the same as ad; as far as, whether of space or time or degree.">of the Israelites</a> <a href="/hebrew/4191.htm" title="4191: mêṯ (V-Qal-Perf-3ms) -- To die. A primitive root: to die; causatively, to kill.">had died.</a> <a href="/hebrew/6547.htm" title="6547: par·‘ōh (N-proper-ms) -- A title of Eg. kings. Of Egyptian derivation; Paroh, a general title of Egyptian kings.">But Pharaoh’s</a> <a href="/hebrew/3820.htm" title="3820: lêḇ (N-msc) -- A form of lebab; the heart; also used very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the centre of anything.">heart</a> <a href="/hebrew/3513.htm" title="3513: way·yiḵ·baḏ (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms) -- Or kabed; a primitive root; to be heavy, i.e. In a bad sense or in a good sense (in the same two senses).">was hardened,</a> <a href="/hebrew/3808.htm" title="3808: wə·lō (Conj-w:: Adv-NegPrt) -- Not. Or lowi; or loh; a primitive particle; not; by implication, no; often used with other particles.">and he would not</a> <a href="/hebrew/5971.htm" title="5971: hā·‘ām (Art:: N-ms) -- From amam; a people; specifically, a tribe; hence troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock.">let the people</a> <a href="/hebrew/7971.htm" title="7971: šil·laḥ (V-Piel-Perf-3ms) -- To send. A primitive root; to send away, for, or out.">go.</a> <a href="/hebrew/853.htm" title="853: ’eṯ- (DirObjM) -- Apparent contracted from 'owth in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self."></a> </span><div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/exodus/8-19.htm">Exodus 8:19</a></span><br />“This is the finger of God,” the magicians said to Pharaoh. But Pharaoh’s heart was hardened, and he would not listen to them, just as the LORD had said.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/exodus/10-7.htm">Exodus 10:7</a></span><br />Pharaoh’s officials asked him, “How long will this man be a snare to us? Let the people go, so that they may worship the LORD their God. Do you not yet realize that Egypt lies in ruins?”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/exodus/11-7.htm">Exodus 11:7</a></span><br />But among all the Israelites, not even a dog will snarl at man or beast.’ Then you will know that the LORD makes a distinction between Egypt and Israel.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/exodus/12-29.htm">Exodus 12:29-30</a></span><br />Now at midnight the LORD struck down every firstborn male in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh, who sat on his throne, to the firstborn of the prisoner in the dungeon, as well as all the firstborn among the livestock. / During the night Pharaoh got up—he and all his officials and all the Egyptians—and there was loud wailing in Egypt; for there was no house without someone dead.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/exodus/14-25.htm">Exodus 14:25</a></span><br />He caused their chariot wheels to wobble, so that they had difficulty driving. “Let us flee from the Israelites,” said the Egyptians, “for the LORD is fighting for them against Egypt!”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/deuteronomy/7-15.htm">Deuteronomy 7:15</a></span><br />And the LORD will remove from you all sickness. He will not lay upon you any of the terrible diseases you knew in Egypt, but He will inflict them on all who hate you.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/deuteronomy/28-60.htm">Deuteronomy 28:60</a></span><br />He will afflict you again with all the diseases you dreaded in Egypt, and they will cling to you.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/joshua/11-20.htm">Joshua 11:20</a></span><br />For it was of the LORD to harden their hearts to engage Israel in battle, so that they would be set apart for destruction and would receive no mercy, being annihilated as the LORD had commanded Moses.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_samuel/6-6.htm">1 Samuel 6:6</a></span><br />Why harden your hearts as the Egyptians and Pharaoh hardened theirs? When He afflicted them, did they not send the people out so they could go on their way?<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/psalms/78-50.htm">Psalm 78:50</a></span><br />He cleared a path for His anger; He did not spare them from death but delivered their lives to the plague.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/psalms/105-36.htm">Psalm 105:36</a></span><br />Then He struck all the firstborn in their land, the firstfruits of all their vigor.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/63-17.htm">Isaiah 63:17</a></span><br />Why, O LORD, do You make us stray from Your ways and harden our hearts from fearing You? Return, for the sake of Your servants, the tribes of Your heritage.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/jeremiah/32-39.htm">Jeremiah 32:39</a></span><br />I will give them one heart and one way, so that they will always fear Me for their own good and for the good of their children after them.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/romans/9-17.htm">Romans 9:17-18</a></span><br />For the Scripture says to Pharaoh: “I raised you up for this very purpose, that I might display My power in you, and that My name might be proclaimed in all the earth.” / Therefore God has mercy on whom He wants to have mercy, and He hardens whom He wants to harden.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/romans/9-22.htm">Romans 9:22</a></span><br />What if God, intending to show His wrath and make His power known, bore with great patience the vessels of His wrath, prepared for destruction?</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">And Pharaoh sent, and, behold, there was not one of the cattle of the Israelites dead. And the heart of Pharaoh was hardened, and he did not let the people go.</p><p class="hdg">the heart</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/exodus/9-12.htm">Exodus 9:12</a></b></br> And the LORD hardened the heart of Pharaoh, and he hearkened not unto them; as the LORD had spoken unto Moses.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/exodus/7-14.htm">Exodus 7:14</a></b></br> And the LORD said unto Moses, Pharaoh's heart <i>is</i> hardened, he refuseth to let the people go.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/exodus/8-32.htm">Exodus 8:32</a></b></br> And Pharaoh hardened his heart at this time also, neither would he let the people go.</p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/exodus/8-18.htm">Animals</a> <a href="/exodus/9-6.htm">Cattle</a> <a href="/exodus/4-19.htm">Dead</a> <a href="/exodus/9-6.htm">Died</a> <a href="/exodus/5-20.htm">Found</a> <a href="/exodus/8-32.htm">Hard</a> <a href="/exodus/8-32.htm">Hardened</a> <a href="/exodus/8-32.htm">Heart</a> <a href="/acts/25-20.htm">Investigate</a> <a href="/exodus/9-6.htm">Israel</a> <a href="/exodus/9-6.htm">Israelites</a> <a href="/exodus/9-6.htm">Livestock</a> <a href="/exodus/9-1.htm">Pharaoh</a> <a href="/exodus/8-19.htm">Stubborn</a> <a href="/exodus/8-31.htm">Word</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/exodus/9-25.htm">Animals</a> <a href="/exodus/9-10.htm">Cattle</a> <a href="/exodus/12-30.htm">Dead</a> <a href="/exodus/16-3.htm">Died</a> <a href="/exodus/9-19.htm">Found</a> <a href="/exodus/9-12.htm">Hard</a> <a href="/exodus/9-12.htm">Hardened</a> <a href="/exodus/9-12.htm">Heart</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/13-14.htm">Investigate</a> <a href="/exodus/9-26.htm">Israel</a> <a href="/exodus/9-26.htm">Israelites</a> <a href="/exodus/9-19.htm">Livestock</a> <a href="/exodus/9-8.htm">Pharaoh</a> <a href="/exodus/9-12.htm">Stubborn</a> <a href="/exodus/9-20.htm">Word</a><div class="vheading2">Exodus 9</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/exodus/9-1.htm">The plague on livestock</a></span><br><span class="reftext">8. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/exodus/9-8.htm">The plague of boils</a></span><br><span class="reftext">13. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/exodus/9-13.htm">The message of Moses about the hail,</a></span><br><span class="reftext">22. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/exodus/9-22.htm">The plague of hail</a></span><br><span class="reftext">27. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/exodus/9-27.htm">Pharaoh pleads with Moses, but yet is hardened</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> <br /><br /> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/exodus/9.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/exodus/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/exodus/9.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div><b>Pharaoh sent officials</b><br>Pharaoh's decision to send officials reflects his skepticism and desire for verification. In the context of ancient Egypt, officials were often used to gather information and report back to the ruler. This action demonstrates Pharaoh's continued resistance to the signs and wonders performed by God through Moses and Aaron. It also highlights the bureaucratic nature of Pharaoh's court, where decisions were often based on reports from trusted officials.<p><b>and found that none of the livestock of the Israelites had died.</b><br>This phrase underscores the miraculous nature of God's protection over the Israelites. In the context of the plagues, this distinction between the Egyptians and the Israelites serves as a sign of God's covenantal faithfulness to His people. The survival of the Israelite livestock contrasts with the devastation experienced by the Egyptians, emphasizing God's power and the fulfillment of His promises. This event foreshadows the ultimate deliverance of the Israelites from Egypt and serves as a type of Christ's redemptive work, where believers are spared from spiritual death.<p><b>But Pharaoh’s heart was hardened,</b><br>The hardening of Pharaoh's heart is a recurring theme in the Exodus narrative. It illustrates the spiritual blindness and stubbornness that can result from persistent sin and rebellion against God. This hardening can be seen as both a divine judgment and a personal choice, reflecting the complex interplay between human free will and divine sovereignty. Theologically, it serves as a warning against resisting God's will and highlights the consequences of pride and unbelief.<p><b>and he would not let the people go.</b><br>Pharaoh's refusal to release the Israelites demonstrates his defiance against God's command and his unwillingness to acknowledge God's authority. This resistance sets the stage for the subsequent plagues and the eventual deliverance of the Israelites. It also reflects the broader theme of liberation and redemption that runs throughout the Bible, pointing to the ultimate deliverance found in Jesus Christ. The narrative encourages believers to trust in God's timing and sovereignty, even in the face of opposition and delay.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/p/pharaoh.htm">Pharaoh</a></b><br>The ruler of Egypt, whose heart was hardened against letting the Israelites go, despite witnessing God's power.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/o/officials.htm">Officials</a></b><br>Sent by Pharaoh to verify the condition of the Israelites' livestock, confirming God's protection over His people.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/i/israelites.htm">Israelites</a></b><br>God's chosen people, living in Egypt, whose livestock were spared from the plague.<br><br>4. <b><a href="/topical/e/egypt.htm">Egypt</a></b><br>The land where the Israelites were enslaved and where God demonstrated His power through plagues.<br><br>5. <b><a href="/topical/p/plague.htm">Plague</a></b><br>A divine judgment from God, specifically targeting the livestock of the Egyptians while sparing the Israelites'.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/g/god's_sovereignty_and_protection.htm">God's Sovereignty and Protection</a></b><br>God demonstrates His power and protection over His people, distinguishing them from the Egyptians. This serves as a reminder of His faithfulness and sovereignty in our lives today.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_hardness_of_heart.htm">The Hardness of Heart</a></b><br>Pharaoh's hardened heart is a warning against resisting God's will. We must remain open and responsive to God's guidance to avoid spiritual hardening.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/v/verification_of_god's_work.htm">Verification of God's Work</a></b><br>Pharaoh's officials confirmed the truth of God's protection over the Israelites. We should seek to verify and acknowledge God's work in our lives and the world around us.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/d/divine_judgment_and_mercy.htm">Divine Judgment and Mercy</a></b><br>The plagues were acts of judgment against Egypt, yet they also highlighted God's mercy towards the Israelites. This duality encourages us to reflect on God's justice and mercy in our own lives.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_exodus_9.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Exodus 9</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/what_happens_in_exodus.htm">What events occur in the biblical book of Exodus?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/what_does_the_bible_say_on_swearing.htm">Why does God cause people's hearts to harden?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/why_did_god_plague_egypt's_livestock.htm">Why did God send the livestock plague to Egypt?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/what_proof_did_moses_give_to_israelites.htm">Exodus 6:7-9: If the Israelites still doubt Moses, what empirical proof did he provide to convince them then or later?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/exodus/9.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(7) <span class= "bld">Pharaoh sent.</span>--The Pharaoh evidently did not believe it possible that there should be such a widespread destruction of the Egyptian cattle without the Hebrew cattle suffering at all. He therefore sent persons to inquire and report on the facts. These persons found the announcement of Moses fulfilled to the letter. This was the more surprising, as Goshen consisted mainly of the low flat tract bordering on the Menzaleh marshes.<p><span class= "bld">The heart of Pharaoh was hardened.</span>--Even the exact correspondence of the result with the announcement did not soften the heart of the king. It remained dull and unimpressed--literally, "heavy" kabed)<span class= "ital">.</span> Loss of property would not much distress an absolute monarch, who could easily exact the value of what he had lost from his subjects.<p><span class= "bld"><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/exodus/9.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verse 7.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">And Pharaoh sent</span>. This time the king had the curiosity to send out and see whether the Israelites had been spared. Though he found the fact correspond to the announcement, he was not seriously impressed. Perhaps he thought the Israelites took better care of their cattle and were better cattle doctors than his own people. (The doctoring of cattle is represented on the monuments. Rosellini, <span class="accented">Mon. Civ.</span> pl. 31.) Or he may have attributed the escape of their animals to the more healthy air of Goshen. <span class="cmt_word">Pharaoh's heart was hardened</span>. The plague affected him less than others had done, rather than more. He was so rich that an affliction which touched nothing but property seemed a trivial matter What cared he for the sufferings of the poor beasts, or the ruin of those who depended upon the breeding and feeding of cattle <p> CHAPTER 9:8-12 <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/exodus/9-7.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">So Pharaoh</span><br /><span class="heb">פַּרְעֹ֔ה</span> <span class="translit">(par·‘ōh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_6547.htm">Strong's 6547: </a> </span><span class="str2">Pharaoh -- a title of Egypt kings</span><br /><br /><span class="word">sent officials,</span><br /><span class="heb">וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח</span> <span class="translit">(way·yiš·laḥ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_7971.htm">Strong's 7971: </a> </span><span class="str2">To send away, for, out</span><br /><br /><span class="word">who saw that</span><br /><span class="heb">וְהִנֵּ֗ה</span> <span class="translit">(wə·hin·nêh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Interjection<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_2009.htm">Strong's 2009: </a> </span><span class="str2">Lo! behold!</span><br /><br /><span class="word">none</span><br /><span class="heb">לֹא־</span> <span class="translit">(lō-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Adverb - Negative particle<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3808.htm">Strong's 3808: </a> </span><span class="str2">Not, no</span><br /><br /><span class="word">of the livestock</span><br /><span class="heb">מִמִּקְנֵ֥ה</span> <span class="translit">(mim·miq·nêh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-m | Noun - masculine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4735.htm">Strong's 4735: </a> </span><span class="str2">Something bought, property, livestock, acquisition</span><br /><br /><span class="word">of the Israelites</span><br /><span class="heb">יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל</span> <span class="translit">(yiś·rā·’êl)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3478.htm">Strong's 3478: </a> </span><span class="str2">Israel -- 'God strives', another name of Jacob and his desc</span><br /><br /><span class="word">had died.</span><br /><span class="heb">מֵ֛ת</span> <span class="translit">(mêṯ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4191.htm">Strong's 4191: </a> </span><span class="str2">To die, to kill</span><br /><br /><span class="word">But Pharaoh’s</span><br /><span class="heb">פַּרְעֹ֔ה</span> <span class="translit">(par·‘ōh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_6547.htm">Strong's 6547: </a> </span><span class="str2">Pharaoh -- a title of Egypt kings</span><br /><br /><span class="word">heart</span><br /><span class="heb">לֵ֣ב</span> <span class="translit">(lêḇ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3820.htm">Strong's 3820: </a> </span><span class="str2">The heart, the feelings, the will, the intellect, centre</span><br /><br /><span class="word">was hardened,</span><br /><span class="heb">וַיִּכְבַּד֙</span> <span class="translit">(way·yiḵ·baḏ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3513.htm">Strong's 3513: </a> </span><span class="str2">To be heavy, weighty, or burdensome</span><br /><br /><span class="word">and he would not</span><br /><span class="heb">וְלֹ֥א</span> <span class="translit">(wə·lō)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Adverb - Negative particle<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3808.htm">Strong's 3808: </a> </span><span class="str2">Not, no</span><br /><br /><span class="word">let the people</span><br /><span class="heb">הָעָֽם׃</span> <span class="translit">(hā·‘ām)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5971.htm">Strong's 5971: </a> </span><span class="str2">A people, a tribe, troops, attendants, a flock</span><br /><br /><span class="word">go.</span><br /><span class="heb">שִׁלַּ֖ח</span> <span class="translit">(šil·laḥ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Piel - Perfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_7971.htm">Strong's 7971: </a> </span><span class="str2">To send away, for, out</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/exodus/9-7.htm">Exodus 9:7 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/exodus/9-7.htm">Exodus 9:7 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/exodus/9-7.htm">Exodus 9:7 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/exodus/9-7.htm">Exodus 9:7 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/exodus/9-7.htm">Exodus 9:7 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/exodus/9-7.htm">Exodus 9:7 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/exodus/9-7.htm">Exodus 9:7 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/exodus/9-7.htm">Exodus 9:7 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/exodus/9-7.htm">Exodus 9:7 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/exodus/9-7.htm">Exodus 9:7 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/exodus/9-7.htm">OT Law: Exodus 9:7 Pharaoh sent and behold there was not (Exo. Ex) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/exodus/9-6.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Exodus 9:6"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Exodus 9:6" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/exodus/9-8.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Exodus 9:8"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Exodus 9:8" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>