CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs skin-theme-clientpref-day mf-expand-sections-clientpref-0 mf-font-size-clientpref-small mw-mf-amc-clientpref-0" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Starship Troopers (film) - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js skin-theme-clientpref-day mf-expand-sections-clientpref-0 mf-font-size-clientpref-small mw-mf-amc-clientpref-0";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"8e08d59e-90eb-4f3f-9f7d-24f9d58c9f1d","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Starship_Troopers_(film)","wgTitle":"Starship Troopers (film)","wgCurRevisionId":1273718849,"wgRevisionId":1273718849, "wgArticleId":203841,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Starship_Troopers_(film)","wgRelevantArticleId":203841,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFMode":"stable","wgMFAmc":false,"wgMFAmcOutreachActive":false,"wgMFAmcOutreachUserEligible":false,"wgMFLazyLoadImages":true,"wgMFEditNoticesFeatureConflict":false,"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgMFIsSupportedEditRequest":true, "wgMFScriptPath":"","wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":200000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgSectionTranslationMissingLanguages":[{"lang":"ace","autonym":"Acèh","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ady","autonym":"адыгабзэ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"alt","autonym":"алтай тил","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"am","autonym":"አማርኛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ami","autonym":"Pangcah","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ang","autonym":"Ænglisc","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ann","autonym":"Obolo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"anp","autonym":"अंगिका","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ary","autonym":"الدارجة","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"arz","autonym":"مصرى","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"as","autonym":"অসমীয়া","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ast","autonym":"asturianu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"av","autonym":"авар","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"avk","autonym":"Kotava","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"awa","autonym":"अवधी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ay","autonym":"Aymar aru","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"az", "autonym":"azərbaycanca","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"azb","autonym":"تۆرکجه","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"ba","autonym":"башҡортса","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ban","autonym":"Basa Bali","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bar","autonym":"Boarisch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bbc","autonym":"Batak Toba","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bcl","autonym":"Bikol Central","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bdr","autonym":"Bajau Sama","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"be","autonym":"беларуская","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bew","autonym":"Betawi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bho","autonym":"भोजपुरी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bi","autonym":"Bislama","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bjn","autonym":"Banjar","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"blk","autonym":"ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bm","autonym":"bamanankan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bn","autonym":"বাংলা","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bo","autonym":"བོད་ཡིག","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bpy","autonym":"বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী","dir":"ltr"},{ "lang":"bs","autonym":"bosanski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"btm","autonym":"Batak Mandailing","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bug","autonym":"Basa Ugi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cdo","autonym":"閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ce","autonym":"нохчийн","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ceb","autonym":"Cebuano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ch","autonym":"Chamoru","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"chr","autonym":"ᏣᎳᎩ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ckb","autonym":"کوردی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"co","autonym":"corsu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cr","autonym":"Nēhiyawēwin / ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"crh","autonym":"qırımtatarca","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cs","autonym":"čeština","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cu","autonym":"словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dag","autonym":"dagbanli","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dga","autonym":"Dagaare","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"din","autonym":"Thuɔŋjäŋ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"diq","autonym":"Zazaki","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dsb","autonym": "dolnoserbski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dtp","autonym":"Kadazandusun","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dv","autonym":"ދިވެހިބަސް","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"dz","autonym":"ཇོང་ཁ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ee","autonym":"eʋegbe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"el","autonym":"Ελληνικά","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"eo","autonym":"Esperanto","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"et","autonym":"eesti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fat","autonym":"mfantse","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ff","autonym":"Fulfulde","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fj","autonym":"Na Vosa Vakaviti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fo","autonym":"føroyskt","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fon","autonym":"fɔ̀ngbè","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"frp","autonym":"arpetan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"frr","autonym":"Nordfriisk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fur","autonym":"furlan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fy","autonym":"Frysk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gag","autonym":"Gagauz","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gan","autonym":"贛語","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gcr","autonym":"kriyòl gwiyannen","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"glk","autonym": "گیلکی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"gn","autonym":"Avañe'ẽ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gom","autonym":"गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gor","autonym":"Bahasa Hulontalo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gpe","autonym":"Ghanaian Pidgin","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gu","autonym":"ગુજરાતી","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"guc","autonym":"wayuunaiki","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gur","autonym":"farefare","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"guw","autonym":"gungbe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gv","autonym":"Gaelg","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ha","autonym":"Hausa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hak","autonym":"客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"haw","autonym":"Hawaiʻi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hi","autonym":"हिन्दी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hr","autonym":"hrvatski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hsb","autonym":"hornjoserbsce","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ht","autonym":"Kreyòl ayisyen","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hy","autonym":"հայերեն","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hyw","autonym": "Արեւմտահայերէն","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ia","autonym":"interlingua","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"iba","autonym":"Jaku Iban","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ie","autonym":"Interlingue","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ig","autonym":"Igbo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"igl","autonym":"Igala","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ilo","autonym":"Ilokano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"io","autonym":"Ido","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"is","autonym":"íslenska","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"iu","autonym":"ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"jam","autonym":"Patois","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"jv","autonym":"Jawa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ka","autonym":"ქართული","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kaa","autonym":"Qaraqalpaqsha","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kab","autonym":"Taqbaylit","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kbd","autonym":"адыгэбзэ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kbp","autonym":"Kabɩyɛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kcg","autonym":"Tyap","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kg","autonym":"Kongo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kge","autonym":"Kumoring","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ki","autonym" :"Gĩkũyũ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kk","autonym":"қазақша","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kl","autonym":"kalaallisut","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"km","autonym":"ភាសាខ្មែរ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kn","autonym":"ಕನ್ನಡ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"knc","autonym":"Yerwa Kanuri","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"koi","autonym":"перем коми","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"krc","autonym":"къарачай-малкъар","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ks","autonym":"कॉशुर / کٲشُر","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"ku","autonym":"kurdî","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kus","autonym":"Kʋsaal","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kv","autonym":"коми","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kw","autonym":"kernowek","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ky","autonym":"кыргызча","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lad","autonym":"Ladino","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lb","autonym":"Lëtzebuergesch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lez","autonym":"лезги","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lg","autonym":"Luganda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"li","autonym":"Limburgs","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lij", "autonym":"Ligure","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lld","autonym":"Ladin","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lmo","autonym":"lombard","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ln","autonym":"lingála","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lo","autonym":"ລາວ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ltg","autonym":"latgaļu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mad","autonym":"Madhurâ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mai","autonym":"मैथिली","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"map-bms","autonym":"Basa Banyumasan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mdf","autonym":"мокшень","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mg","autonym":"Malagasy","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mhr","autonym":"олык марий","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mi","autonym":"Māori","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"min","autonym":"Minangkabau","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mk","autonym":"македонски","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ml","autonym":"മലയാളം","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mn","autonym":"монгол","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mni","autonym":"ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mnw","autonym":"ဘာသာမန်","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mos", "autonym":"moore","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mr","autonym":"मराठी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mrj","autonym":"кырык мары","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mt","autonym":"Malti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mwl","autonym":"Mirandés","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"my","autonym":"မြန်မာဘာသာ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"myv","autonym":"эрзянь","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mzn","autonym":"مازِرونی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"nah","autonym":"Nāhuatl","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nan","autonym":"閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nap","autonym":"Napulitano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nb","autonym":"norsk bokmål","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nds","autonym":"Plattdüütsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nds-nl","autonym":"Nedersaksies","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ne","autonym":"नेपाली","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"new","autonym":"नेपाल भाषा","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nia","autonym":"Li Niha","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nn","autonym":"norsk nynorsk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nqo","autonym":"ߒߞߏ","dir" :"rtl"},{"lang":"nr","autonym":"isiNdebele seSewula","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nso","autonym":"Sesotho sa Leboa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ny","autonym":"Chi-Chewa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"oc","autonym":"occitan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"om","autonym":"Oromoo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"or","autonym":"ଓଡ଼ିଆ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"os","autonym":"ирон","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pa","autonym":"ਪੰਜਾਬੀ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pag","autonym":"Pangasinan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pam","autonym":"Kapampangan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pap","autonym":"Papiamentu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pcd","autonym":"Picard","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pcm","autonym":"Naijá","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pdc","autonym":"Deitsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pms","autonym":"Piemontèis","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pnb","autonym":"پنجابی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"ps","autonym":"پښتو","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"pwn","autonym":"pinayuanan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"qu","autonym":"Runa Simi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rm","autonym":"rumantsch","dir": "ltr"},{"lang":"rn","autonym":"ikirundi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rsk","autonym":"руски","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rue","autonym":"русиньскый","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rup","autonym":"armãneashti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rw","autonym":"Ikinyarwanda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sa","autonym":"संस्कृतम्","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sah","autonym":"саха тыла","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sat","autonym":"ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sc","autonym":"sardu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"scn","autonym":"sicilianu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sco","autonym":"Scots","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sd","autonym":"سنڌي","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"se","autonym":"davvisámegiella","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sg","autonym":"Sängö","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sgs","autonym":"žemaitėška","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"shi","autonym":"Taclḥit","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"shn","autonym":"ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"si","autonym":"සිංහල","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sk","autonym":"slovenčina", "dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"skr","autonym":"سرائیکی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"sl","autonym":"slovenščina","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sm","autonym":"Gagana Samoa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"smn","autonym":"anarâškielâ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sn","autonym":"chiShona","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"so","autonym":"Soomaaliga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"srn","autonym":"Sranantongo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ss","autonym":"SiSwati","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"st","autonym":"Sesotho","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"stq","autonym":"Seeltersk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"su","autonym":"Sunda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sw","autonym":"Kiswahili","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"szl","autonym":"ślůnski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ta","autonym":"தமிழ்","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tay","autonym":"Tayal","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tcy","autonym":"ತುಳು","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tdd","autonym":"ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"te","autonym":"తెలుగు","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tet","autonym":"tetun","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tg","autonym" :"тоҷикӣ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ti","autonym":"ትግርኛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tig","autonym":"ትግሬ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tk","autonym":"Türkmençe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tl","autonym":"Tagalog","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tly","autonym":"tolışi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tn","autonym":"Setswana","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"to","autonym":"lea faka-Tonga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tpi","autonym":"Tok Pisin","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"trv","autonym":"Seediq","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ts","autonym":"Xitsonga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tt","autonym":"татарча / tatarça","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tum","autonym":"chiTumbuka","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tw","autonym":"Twi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ty","autonym":"reo tahiti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tyv","autonym":"тыва дыл","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"udm","autonym":"удмурт","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ur","autonym":"اردو","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"uz","autonym":"oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ve","autonym":"Tshivenda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang": "vec","autonym":"vèneto","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vep","autonym":"vepsän kel’","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vi","autonym":"Tiếng Việt","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vls","autonym":"West-Vlams","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vo","autonym":"Volapük","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vro","autonym":"võro","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"wa","autonym":"walon","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"war","autonym":"Winaray","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"wo","autonym":"Wolof","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"wuu","autonym":"吴语","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xal","autonym":"хальмг","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xh","autonym":"isiXhosa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xmf","autonym":"მარგალური","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"yi","autonym":"ייִדיש","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"yo","autonym":"Yorùbá","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"yue","autonym":"粵語","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"za","autonym":"Vahcuengh","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"zgh","autonym":"ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"zu","autonym":"isiZulu","dir":"ltr"}],"wgSectionTranslationTargetLanguages" :["ace","ady","alt","am","ami","an","ang","ann","anp","ar","ary","arz","as","ast","av","avk","awa","ay","az","azb","ba","ban","bar","bbc","bcl","bdr","be","bew","bg","bho","bi","bjn","blk","bm","bn","bo","bpy","br","bs","btm","bug","ca","cdo","ce","ceb","ch","chr","ckb","co","cr","crh","cs","cu","cy","da","dag","de","dga","din","diq","dsb","dtp","dv","dz","ee","el","eml","eo","es","et","eu","fa","fat","ff","fi","fj","fo","fon","fr","frp","frr","fur","fy","gag","gan","gcr","gl","glk","gn","gom","gor","gpe","gu","guc","gur","guw","gv","ha","hak","haw","he","hi","hif","hr","hsb","ht","hu","hy","hyw","ia","iba","ie","ig","igl","ilo","io","is","it","iu","ja","jam","jv","ka","kaa","kab","kbd","kbp","kcg","kg","kge","ki","kk","kl","km","kn","knc","ko","koi","krc","ks","ku","kus","kv","kw","ky","lad","lb","lez","lg","li","lij","lld","lmo","ln","lo","lt","ltg","lv","mad","mai","map-bms","mdf","mg","mhr","mi","min","mk","ml","mn","mni","mnw","mos","mr","mrj","ms","mt","mwl","my","myv","mzn", "nah","nan","nap","nb","nds","nds-nl","ne","new","nia","nl","nn","nqo","nr","nso","ny","oc","om","or","os","pa","pag","pam","pap","pcd","pcm","pdc","pl","pms","pnb","ps","pt","pwn","qu","rm","rn","ro","rsk","rue","rup","rw","sa","sah","sat","sc","scn","sco","sd","se","sg","sgs","sh","shi","shn","si","sk","skr","sl","sm","smn","sn","so","sq","sr","srn","ss","st","stq","su","sv","sw","szl","ta","tay","tcy","tdd","te","tet","tg","th","ti","tig","tk","tl","tly","tn","to","tpi","tr","trv","ts","tt","tum","tw","ty","tyv","udm","ur","uz","ve","vec","vep","vi","vls","vo","vro","wa","war","wo","wuu","xal","xh","xmf","yi","yo","yue","za","zgh","zh","zu"],"isLanguageSearcherCXEntrypointEnabled":true,"mintEntrypointLanguages":["ace","ast","azb","bcl","bjn","bh","crh","ff","fon","ig","is","ki","ks","lmo","min","sat","ss","tn","vec"],"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q478626","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"], "GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgMinervaPermissions":{"watchable":true,"watch":false},"wgMinervaFeatures":{"beta":false,"donate":true,"mobileOptionsLink":true,"categories":false,"pageIssues":true,"talkAtTop":true,"historyInPageActions":false,"overflowSubmenu":false,"tabsOnSpecials":true,"personalMenu":false,"mainMenuExpanded":false,"echo":true,"nightMode":true},"wgMinervaDownloadNamespaces":[0]};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.tmh.player.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.content.styles.images":"ready","mediawiki.hlist":"ready","skins.minerva.codex.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.icons":"ready","skins.minerva.amc.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles": "ready","mobile.init.styles":"ready","ext.relatedArticles.styles":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.tmh.player","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.minerva.scripts","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","ext.popups","mobile.init","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.relatedArticles.readMore.bootstrap","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.entrypoints.mffrequentlanguages","ext.cx.entrypoints.languagesearcher.init","mw.externalguidance.init","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.relatedArticles.styles%7Cext.tmh.player.styles%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cmediawiki.hlist%7Cmobile.init.styles%7Cskins.minerva.amc.styles%7Cskins.minerva.codex.styles%7Cskins.minerva.content.styles.images%7Cskins.minerva.icons%2Cstyles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=minerva"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=minerva"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=minerva"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.16"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#eaecf0"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/df/Starship_Troopers_-_movie_poster.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1641"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/df/Starship_Troopers_-_movie_poster.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1094"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="875"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=yes, minimum-scale=0.25, maximum-scale=5.0"> <meta property="og:title" content="Starship Troopers (film) - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="manifest" href="/w/api.php?action=webapp-manifest"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starship_Troopers_(film)"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Starship_Troopers_film rootpage-Starship_Troopers_film stable issues-group-B skin-minerva action-view skin--responsive mw-mf-amc-disabled mw-mf"><div id="mw-mf-viewport"> <div id="mw-mf-page-center"> <a class="mw-mf-page-center__mask" href="#"></a> <header class="header-container header-chrome"> <div class="minerva-header"> <nav class="navigation-drawer toggle-list view-border-box"> <input type="checkbox" id="main-menu-input" class="toggle-list__checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-labelledby="mw-mf-main-menu-button"> <label role="button" for="main-menu-input" id="mw-mf-main-menu-button" aria-hidden="true" data-event-name="ui.mainmenu" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet toggle-list__toggle"> </label> <div id="mw-mf-page-left" class="menu view-border-box"> <ul id="p-navigation" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--home" href="/wiki/Main_Page" data-mw="interface"> Home </a> </li> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--random" href="/wiki/Special:Random" data-mw="interface"> Random </a> </li> <li class="toggle-list-item skin-minerva-list-item-jsonly"> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--nearby" href="/wiki/Special:Nearby" data-event-name="menu.nearby" data-mw="interface"> Nearby </a> </li> </ul> <ul id="p-personal" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor mw-list-item menu__item--login" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Starship+Troopers+%28film%29" data-event-name="menu.login" data-mw="interface"> Log in </a> </li> </ul> <ul id="pt-preferences" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item skin-minerva-list-item-jsonly"> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--settings" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:MobileOptions&returnto=Starship+Troopers+%28film%29" data-event-name="menu.settings" data-mw="interface"> Settings </a> </li> </ul> <ul id="p-donation" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--donate" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en&wmf_key=minerva" data-event-name="menu.donate" data-mw="interface"> Donate </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="hlist"> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--about" href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" data-mw="interface"> About Wikipedia </a> </li> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--disclaimers" href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer" data-mw="interface"> Disclaimers </a> </li> </ul> </div> <label class="main-menu-mask" for="main-menu-input"></label> </nav> <div class="branding-box"> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </a> </div> <form action="/w/index.php" method="get" class="minerva-search-form"> <div class="search-box"> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"/> <input class="search skin-minerva-search-trigger" id="searchInput" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> </div> <button id="searchIcon" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet skin-minerva-search-trigger"> Search </button> </form> <nav class="minerva-user-navigation" aria-label="User navigation"> </nav> </div> </header> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <div class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Starship Troopers (film)</h1> <div class="tagline"></div> </div> <ul id="p-associated-pages" class="minerva__tab-container"> <li class="minerva__tab selected mw-list-item"> <a class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/Starship_Troopers_(film)" rel="" data-event-name="tabs.main">Article</a> </li> <li class="minerva__tab mw-list-item"> <a class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/Talk:Starship_Troopers_(film)" rel="discussion" data-event-name="tabs.talk">Talk</a> </li> </ul> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" href="#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Language" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> Language </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-watch" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Starship+Troopers+%28film%29" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet menu__item--page-actions-watch"> Watch </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-edit" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-edit" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> Edit </a> </li> </ul> </nav>  <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style>Starship Troopers is a 1997 American <a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_film" title="Science fiction film">science fiction</a> <a href="/wiki/Action_film" title="Action film">action</a> film directed by <a href="/wiki/Paul_Verhoeven" title="Paul Verhoeven">Paul Verhoeven</a> and written by <a href="/wiki/Edward_Neumeier" title="Edward Neumeier">Edward Neumeier</a>, based on the <a href="/wiki/Starship_Troopers" title="Starship Troopers">1959 novel</a> by <a href="/wiki/Robert_A._Heinlein" title="Robert A. Heinlein">Robert A. Heinlein</a>. Set in the 23rd century, the story follows teenager Johnny Rico and his comrades as they serve in the military of the United Citizen Federation, an Earth-based <a href="/wiki/World_government" title="World government">world government</a> engaged in an <a href="/wiki/Interstellar_war" title="Interstellar war">interstellar war</a> against an <a href="/wiki/Extraterrestrial_life" title="Extraterrestrial life">alien species</a> known as the Arachnids. The film stars <a href="/wiki/Casper_Van_Dien" title="Casper Van Dien">Casper Van Dien</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dina_Meyer" title="Dina Meyer">Dina Meyer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Denise_Richards" title="Denise Richards">Denise Richards</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jake_Busey" title="Jake Busey">Jake Busey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neil_Patrick_Harris" title="Neil Patrick Harris">Neil Patrick Harris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Muldoon" title="Patrick Muldoon">Patrick Muldoon</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Ironside" title="Michael Ironside">Michael Ironside</a>. <table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-style: italic;">Starship Troopers</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Starship_Troopers_-_movie_poster.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A heavily armored soldier shouting, followed by a large crowd of other soldiers, explosive fire lights up the horizon"><img alt="A heavily armored soldier shouting, followed by a large crowd of other soldiers, explosive fire lights up the horizon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/df/Starship_Troopers_-_movie_poster.jpg/220px-Starship_Troopers_-_movie_poster.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="301" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/df/Starship_Troopers_-_movie_poster.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="350"></a><div class="infobox-caption">Theatrical release poster</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Directed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Verhoeven" title="Paul Verhoeven">Paul Verhoeven</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Screenplay by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Neumeier" title="Edward Neumeier">Edward Neumeier</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Based on</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Starship_Troopers" title="Starship Troopers">Starship Troopers</a> by <a href="/wiki/Robert_A._Heinlein" title="Robert A. Heinlein">Robert A. Heinlein</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Produced by</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Marshall_(producer)" title="Alan Marshall (producer)">Alan Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jon_Davison_(film_producer)" title="Jon Davison (film producer)">Jon Davison</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Starring</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Casper_Van_Dien" title="Casper Van Dien">Casper Van Dien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dina_Meyer" title="Dina Meyer">Dina Meyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denise_Richards" title="Denise Richards">Denise Richards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jake_Busey" title="Jake Busey">Jake Busey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Patrick_Harris" title="Neil Patrick Harris">Neil Patrick Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Muldoon" title="Patrick Muldoon">Patrick Muldoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Ironside" title="Michael Ironside">Michael Ironside</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Cinematography</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jost_Vacano" title="Jost Vacano">Jost Vacano</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Edited by</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Goldblatt" title="Mark Goldblatt">Mark Goldblatt</a></li> <li>Caroline Ross</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Music by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Basil_Poledouris" title="Basil Poledouris">Basil Poledouris</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Production companies</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="vertical-align: middle;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/TriStar_Pictures" title="TriStar Pictures">TriStar Pictures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Touchstone_Pictures" title="Touchstone Pictures">Touchstone Pictures</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Distributed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>TriStar Pictures</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;">Release dates</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist film-date"> <ul><li>November 4, 1997 (1997-11-04) (Westwood)</li> <li>November 7, 1997 (1997-11-07) (United States)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;">Running time</div></th><td class="infobox-data">129 minutes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Language</th><td class="infobox-data">English</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Budget</th><td class="infobox-data">$100–110 million</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Box office</th><td class="infobox-data">$121 million</td></tr></tbody></table> Development of Starship Troopers began in 1991 as Bug Hunt at Outpost 7, written by Neumeier. After recognizing similarities between Neumeier's script and Heinlein's book, producer <a href="/wiki/Jon_Davison_(film_producer)" title="Jon Davison (film producer)">Jon Davison</a> suggested aligning the script more closely with the novel to garner greater interest from studio executives. Despite these efforts development was slow, with studios hesitant to fund the costly project right up to the start of filming. <a href="/wiki/Principal_photography" title="Principal photography">Principal photography</a> took place between April and October 1996 on a $100–110 million budget, of which nearly half was spent on the extensive <a href="/wiki/Computer-generated_imagery" title="Computer-generated imagery">computer-generated imagery</a> (CGI) and <a href="/wiki/Practical_effect" title="Practical effect">practical effects</a> required to vivify the Arachnid creatures. Released on November 7, 1997, Starship Troopers faced critical backlash, with reviewers interpreting the film as endorsing <a href="/wiki/Fascism" title="Fascism">fascism</a> and disparaging its violence and cast performances. Despite initial box office success, collections slowed down amid negative reviews and unfavorable <a href="/wiki/Word_of_mouth" title="Word of mouth">word of mouth</a>, culminating in a $121 million total gross against its budget, which made it the <a href="/wiki/1997_in_film" title="1997 in film">34th-highest-grossing film</a> of 1997. The disappointing performance of Starship Troopers was blamed, in part, on competition from a high number of successful or anticipated science fiction and genre films released that year, its satire and violence failing to connect with mainstream audiences, and ineffective marketing. Since its release, Starship Troopers has been critically re-evaluated and is now considered a <a href="/wiki/Cult_following" title="Cult following">cult classic</a> and a prescient satire of fascism and authoritarian governance that has grown in relevancy. The film launched a <a href="/wiki/Starship_Troopers_(franchise)" title="Starship Troopers (franchise)">multimedia franchise</a> that includes four sequels—<a href="/wiki/Starship_Troopers_2:_Hero_of_the_Federation" title="Starship Troopers 2: Hero of the Federation">Starship Troopers 2: Hero of the Federation</a> (2004), <a href="/wiki/Starship_Troopers_3:_Marauder" title="Starship Troopers 3: Marauder">Starship Troopers 3: Marauder</a> (2008), <a href="/wiki/Starship_Troopers:_Invasion" title="Starship Troopers: Invasion">Starship Troopers: Invasion</a> (2012), and <a href="/wiki/Starship_Troopers:_Traitor_of_Mars" title="Starship Troopers: Traitor of Mars">Starship Troopers: Traitor of Mars</a> (2017)—as well as a <a href="/wiki/Roughnecks:_Starship_Troopers_Chronicles" title="Roughnecks: Starship Troopers Chronicles">1999 animated television series</a>, video games, comics, and a variety of merchandise. <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Plot">1 Plot</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Cast">2 Cast</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Production">3 Production</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Development_as_Bug_Hunt_at_Outpost_7">3.1 Development as Bug Hunt at Outpost 7</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Development_as_Starship_Troopers">3.2 Development as Starship Troopers</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#Writing">3.3 Writing</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#Pre-production">3.4 Pre-production</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#Casting">3.5 Casting</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#Filming">3.6 Filming</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#Post-production">3.7 Post-production</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#Visual_effects">3.8 Visual effects</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="#Music">3.9 Music</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="#Release">4 Release</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="#Marketing">4.1 Marketing</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="#Box_office">4.2 Box office</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="#Reception">5 Reception</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-17"><a href="#Critical_response">5.1 Critical response</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-18"><a href="#Accolades">5.2 Accolades</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-19"><a href="#Post-release">6 Post-release</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-20"><a href="#Performance_analysis">6.1 Performance analysis</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-21"><a href="#Home_media">6.2 Home media</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-22"><a href="#Other_media">6.3 Other media</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-23"><a href="#Themes_and_analysis">7 Themes and analysis</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-24"><a href="#Politics_and_propaganda">7.1 Politics and propaganda</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-25"><a href="#Citizenship_and_violence">7.2 Citizenship and violence</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-26"><a href="#Legacy">8 Legacy</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-27"><a href="#Critical_reassessment">8.1 Critical reassessment</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-28"><a href="#Cultural_influence">8.2 Cultural influence</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-29"><a href="#Sequels_and_remake">9 Sequels and remake</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-30"><a href="#Footnotes">10 Footnotes</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-31"><a href="#Notes">11 Notes</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-32"><a href="#References">12 References</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-33"><a href="#Citations">12.1 Citations</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-34"><a href="#Books">12.2 Books</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-35"><a href="#Journals">12.3 Journals</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-36"><a href="#External_links">13 External links</a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><h2 id="Plot">Plot</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Plot" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> In the future,<a href="#cite_note-3">[i]</a> Earth is governed by the United Citizen Federation, a <a href="/wiki/Stratocracy" title="Stratocracy">stratocratic</a> regime founded generations earlier by "veterans" after democracy and social scientists brought civilization to the brink of ruin. Citizenship is exclusively earned through federal service, which grants rights—like voting and procreation—that are withheld from ordinary civilians. Humans, who are now capable of <a href="/wiki/Interstellar_travel" title="Interstellar travel">interstellar travel</a>, conduct colonization missions throughout the galaxy, bringing them into conflict with a race of highly evolved insectoid creatures dubbed "Arachnids" or, derisively, "bugs". Against his parents' objections, teenage <a href="/wiki/Jock_(stereotype)" title="Jock (stereotype)">jock</a> Johnny Rico enlists as a mobile infantryman to remain close to his girlfriend, spaceship pilot Carmen Ibanez. Their <a href="/wiki/Psychic" title="Psychic">psychic</a> friend Carl Jenkins joins <a href="/wiki/Military_intelligence" title="Military intelligence">military intelligence</a>, while Isabelle "Dizzy" Flores—who is in love with Rico—deliberately transfers to his squad. Carmen ends her relationship with Rico due to their diverging career paths and her growing feelings for a fellow pilot, Zander Barcalow. During training, Rico impresses his <a href="/wiki/Drill_instructor" title="Drill instructor">drill sergeant</a>, Zim, earning a promotion to squad leader. However, Rico makes a mistake during a training exercise, which leads to the death of a squad member and the resignation of another, resulting in Rico's demotion and <a href="/wiki/Flagellation" title="Flagellation">flogging</a>. Disheartened, Rico quits, but re-enlists after learning that an asteroid sent by the Arachnids has destroyed <a href="/wiki/Buenos_Aires" title="Buenos Aires">Buenos Aires</a>, killing millions, including his parents. An invasion force is deployed to Klendathu, the Arachnids' home planet, but military intelligence underestimates the Arachnids' defensive abilities, leading to thousands of human casualties. Badly wounded, Rico is rescued by Lieutenant Jean Rasczak, his former high school teacher, but is mistakenly reported dead, devastating Carmen. Following his recovery, Rico, Dizzy, and squadmate Ace Levy join Rasczak's elite unit, the Roughnecks. After Rico defeats a gigantic "Tanker Bug" on the disputed planet of Tango Urilla, he is elevated to the rank of corporal for his valor and begins a romantic relationship with Dizzy. Responding to a distress signal on the Arachnid-controlled Planet P, the Roughnecks discover an Arachnid-ravaged outpost and are ambushed by the bugs. Carmen and Zander recover the surviving Roughnecks by dropship, but not before Dizzy is fatally impaled by an Arachnid and Rico <a href="/wiki/Euthanasia" title="Euthanasia">mercy kills</a> the mutilated Rasczak. The group returns to the fleet assembled in orbit above P, where Dizzy is eulogized. Jenkins, now a colonel, reveals the Roughnecks were deliberately ordered into the trap, justifying it as a necessary sacrifice to confirm the existence of a "Brain Bug", an intelligent Arachnid strategically directing the others. He assigns Rico command of the Roughnecks and <a href="/wiki/Battlefield_promotion" title="Battlefield promotion">field-promotes</a> him to lieutenant, instructing him to return to P and capture the Brain Bug. As the battle commences, Carmen's ship is destroyed by the Arachnids, but an escape pod carrying her and Zander crashes into an underground tunnel system. The pair are captured by the Arachnids and the Brain Bug consumes Zander's brain, absorbing his knowledge. Rico directs his squad to complete their mission while he, Ace, and their squadmate Watkins rescue Carmen and hold the Arachnids at bay with a <a href="/wiki/Tactical_nuclear_weapon" title="Tactical nuclear weapon">miniature nuclear bomb</a>. The Brain Bug escapes while the Arachnids attack and fatally wound Watkins, who sacrifices himself by detonating the bomb while his teammates escape. On the surface, they learn that Zim has captured the Brain Bug and the assembled troops rejoice as Jenkins psychically detects it is afraid. A <a href="/wiki/Propaganda" title="Propaganda">propaganda</a> broadcast details how the Brain Bug is being invasively studied to learn its secrets and ensure humanity's victory. The ad encourages viewers to enlist and do their part in the war so they can become like Carmen, now captain of her own ship, and Rico, who enthusiastically leads his troops into another battle. </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><h2 id="Cast">Cast</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Cast" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:492px;max-width:492px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:171px;max-width:171px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:211px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Casper_Van_Dien_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="A photograph of Casper Van Dien" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Casper_Van_Dien_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg/169px-Casper_Van_Dien_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg" decoding="async" width="169" height="212" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2406" data-file-height="3012"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 169px;height: 212px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Casper_Van_Dien_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg/169px-Casper_Van_Dien_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg" data-alt="A photograph of Casper Van Dien" data-width="169" data-height="212" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Casper_Van_Dien_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg/254px-Casper_Van_Dien_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Casper_Van_Dien_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg/338px-Casper_Van_Dien_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:172px;max-width:172px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:211px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Dina_Meyer_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="A photograph of Dina Meyer" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Dina_Meyer_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg/170px-Dina_Meyer_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="212" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2370" data-file-height="2958"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 170px;height: 212px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Dina_Meyer_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg/170px-Dina_Meyer_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg" data-alt="A photograph of Dina Meyer" data-width="170" data-height="212" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Dina_Meyer_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg/255px-Dina_Meyer_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Dina_Meyer_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg/340px-Dina_Meyer_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:143px;max-width:143px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:211px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Denise_Richards_2009.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="A photograph of Denise Richards" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Denise_Richards_2009.jpg/141px-Denise_Richards_2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="141" height="212" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="576" data-file-height="864"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 141px;height: 212px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Denise_Richards_2009.jpg/141px-Denise_Richards_2009.jpg" data-alt="A photograph of Denise Richards" data-width="141" data-height="212" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Denise_Richards_2009.jpg/212px-Denise_Richards_2009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Denise_Richards_2009.jpg/282px-Denise_Richards_2009.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">(Left to right) <a href="/wiki/Casper_Van_Dien" title="Casper Van Dien">Casper Van Dien</a> (pictured in 2012), <a href="/wiki/Dina_Meyer" title="Dina Meyer">Dina Meyer</a> (2012), and <a href="/wiki/Denise_Richards" title="Denise Richards">Denise Richards</a> (2009)</div></div></div></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Casper_Van_Dien" title="Casper Van Dien">Casper Van Dien</a> as Johnny Rico, a school sports star turned infantryman<a href="#cite_note-TheVergeRetro-4">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-NewYorkerRetro-5">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-ScreenRantWherearethey-6">[5]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dina_Meyer" title="Dina Meyer">Dina Meyer</a> as Dizzy Flores, Rico's former classmate who joins the mobile infantry<a href="#cite_note-NewYorkerRetro-5">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-ScreenRantDizzy-7">[6]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denise_Richards" title="Denise Richards">Denise Richards</a> as Carmen Ibanez, an aspiring starship pilot and Rico's girlfriend<a href="#cite_note-WaPoReviewKempley-8">[7]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jake_Busey" title="Jake Busey">Jake Busey</a> as Ace Levy, an infantryman<a href="#cite_note-ScreenRantWherearethey-6">[5]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Patrick_Harris" title="Neil Patrick Harris">Neil Patrick Harris</a> as Carl Jenkins, a psychic who joins military intelligence.<a href="#cite_note-NewYorkerRetro-5">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-ScreenRantWherearethey-6">[5]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clancy_Brown" title="Clancy Brown">Clancy Brown</a> as Sergeant Zim, Rico's drill sergeant during training<a href="#cite_note-ScreenRantWherearethey-6">[5]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seth_Gilliam" title="Seth Gilliam">Seth Gilliam</a> as Sugar Watkins, a member of the Roughnecks special forces unit<a href="#cite_note-ScreenRantWherearethey-6">[5]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Muldoon" title="Patrick Muldoon">Patrick Muldoon</a> as Zander Barcalow, Rico's rival who is romantically interested in Carmen<a href="#cite_note-ScreenRantWherearethey-6">[5]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Ironside" title="Michael Ironside">Michael Ironside</a> as Jean Rasczak, a former teacher turned squad leader<a href="#cite_note-ScreenRantWherearethey-6">[5]</a></li></ul> Infantry characters include <a href="/wiki/Blake_Lindsley" title="Blake Lindsley">Blake Lindsley</a> as Katrina, Tami-Adrian George as Djana'd,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199778-9">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-EWShowerScene-10">[9]</a> <a href="/wiki/Eric_Bruskotter" title="Eric Bruskotter">Eric Bruskotter</a> as Breckinridge, Matt Levin as Kitten Smith, and <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Ruivivar" title="Anthony Ruivivar">Anthony Ruivivar</a> as Shujumi.<a href="#cite_note-BFICast-11">[10]</a> The rest of the cast includes <a href="/wiki/Rue_McClanahan" title="Rue McClanahan">Rue McClanahan</a> as a biology teacher, <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Bell" title="Marshall Bell">Marshall Bell</a> as General Owen, <a href="/wiki/Brenda_Strong" title="Brenda Strong">Brenda Strong</a> as Captain Deladier, and <a href="/wiki/Dean_Norris" title="Dean Norris">Dean Norris</a> as Commanding Officer. <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Curry_(actor)" title="Christopher Curry (actor)">Christopher Curry</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lenore_Kasdorf" title="Lenore Kasdorf">Lenore Kasdorf</a> appear as Mr. and Mrs. Rico, while <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Gray" title="Bruce Gray">Bruce Gray</a> and <a href="/wiki/Denise_Dowse" title="Denise Dowse">Denise Dowse</a> appear as Sky Marshals Dienes and Meru.<a href="#cite_note-BFICast-11">[10]</a> Corporals Bronski and Birdie are portrayed by Teo Smoot and Ungela Brockman,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199785,_95-12">[11]</a> Sergeant Gillespie by Curnal Aulisio,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199796-13">[12]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_David_Hall" title="Robert David Hall">Robert David Hall</a> portrays a heavily disfigured Recruitment Sergeant.<a href="#cite_note-CBRRetro-14">[13]</a> <a href="/wiki/Amy_Smart" title="Amy Smart">Amy Smart</a> appears as a pilot cadet,<a href="#cite_note-ScreenRantWherearethey-6">[5]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Timothy_Omundson" title="Timothy Omundson">Timothy Omundson</a> portrays a psychic.<a href="#cite_note-Omundson-15">[14]</a> Cameo appearances include producer <a href="/wiki/Jon_Davison_(film_producer)" title="Jon Davison (film producer)">Jon Davison</a> as an Angry Survivor of the Buenos Aires asteroid attack, and writer <a href="/wiki/Edward_Neumeier" title="Edward Neumeier">Edward Neumeier</a> as a handcuffed prisoner standing before Federation judges. Verhoeven's assistant, Stacy Lumbrezer, appears as a smiling woman during a psychic advertisement, and Paul Sammon, author of The Making of Starship Troopers, appears as a man feeding a cow to an Arachnid.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997101-16">[15]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><h2 id="Production">Production</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Production" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Development_as_Bug_Hunt_at_Outpost_7">Development as Bug Hunt at Outpost 7</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Development as Bug Hunt at Outpost 7" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Since the release of <a href="/wiki/RoboCop" title="RoboCop">RoboCop</a> (1987), producer Jon Davison had aimed to develop another project that would reunite key members of its creative team, including writer Edward Neumeier and <a href="/wiki/Stop_motion" title="Stop motion">stop motion</a> animator <a href="/wiki/Phil_Tippett" title="Phil Tippett">Phil Tippett</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon19975-17">[16]</a> Neumeier and his co-writer Michael Miner had struggled to develop new story ideas in the intervening years and, realizing their partnership was no longer effective, Neumeier began working alone on a <a href="/wiki/Film_treatment" title="Film treatment">story treatment</a> titled Bug Hunt at Outpost 7.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon19976-18">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-DeadspinRetro-19">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-TheAtlanticMisunderstood-20">[19]</a> His treatment was intended to be a comedic, <a href="/wiki/Jingoism" title="Jingoism">jingoistic</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Xenophobia" title="Xenophobia">xenophobic</a> war film pitting the heroes against insects—chosen due to his wife's fear of them—set against the backdrop of a teenage romance story.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon19976-18">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-LATimesSep1996-21">[20]</a> In December 1991, Neumeier brought his treatment to Davison at <a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros._Studios_Burbank" title="Warner Bros. Studios Burbank">Warner Bros. Studios, Burbank</a>, which also headquartered <a href="/wiki/TriStar_Pictures" title="TriStar Pictures">TriStar Pictures</a>, with whom Davison had a pre-existing development deal.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon19976-18">[17]</a> Davison realized the treatment bore similarities to the 1959 science fiction novel, <a href="/wiki/Starship_Troopers" title="Starship Troopers">Starship Troopers</a>, by <a href="/wiki/Robert_A._Heinlein" title="Robert A. Heinlein">Robert A. Heinlein</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon19976-18">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-GuardianHowwemade-22">[21]</a> The novel had received a strongly divided reception on its release for promoting military power and necessary violence while criticizing <a href="/wiki/Social_liberalism" title="Social liberalism">liberal social programs</a>, but had remained a popular work.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997vii-23">[22]</a> Neumeier and Davison considered directly adapting Starship Troopers, but Davison assumed the film adaptation rights would already be taken and encouraged Neumeier to continue with his treatment, retitled Outpost 7.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon19976%E2%80%937-24">[23]</a> By late 1992, Neumeier had completed the Outpost 7 treatment, alternately known as Bug Hunt. Davison presented it to TriStar executive <a href="/wiki/Chris_Lee_(producer)" title="Chris Lee (producer)">Chris Lee</a>, who rejected it. Neumeier and Davison learned that the rights for Starship Troopers were available and instead pitched an adaptation of the novel using elements of Outpost 7. Lee was more receptive, and the pair also gained support from other executives, including TriStar head of production <a href="/wiki/Mike_Medavoy" title="Mike Medavoy">Mike Medavoy</a>, who had supported their work on RoboCop.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon19977-25">[24]</a> The rights to Starship Troopers were purchased and Neumeier began adapting Outpost 7 to more closely fit Heinlein's novel.<a href="#cite_note-DeadspinRetro-19">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon19977-25">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-ScreenRantRetro-26">[25]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Development_as_Starship_Troopers">Development as Starship Troopers</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Development as Starship Troopers" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:148px;max-width:148px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:207px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Paul_Verhoeven_Cannes_2016.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="A 2016 photograph of Paul Verhoeven" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Paul_Verhoeven_Cannes_2016.jpg/146px-Paul_Verhoeven_Cannes_2016.jpg" decoding="async" width="146" height="207" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="564" data-file-height="800"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 146px;height: 207px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Paul_Verhoeven_Cannes_2016.jpg/146px-Paul_Verhoeven_Cannes_2016.jpg" data-alt="A 2016 photograph of Paul Verhoeven" data-width="146" data-height="207" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Paul_Verhoeven_Cannes_2016.jpg/219px-Paul_Verhoeven_Cannes_2016.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Paul_Verhoeven_Cannes_2016.jpg/292px-Paul_Verhoeven_Cannes_2016.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:140px;max-width:140px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:207px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Edward_Neumeier_2007.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="A photograph of Edward Neumeier" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Edward_Neumeier_2007.jpg/138px-Edward_Neumeier_2007.jpg" decoding="async" width="138" height="207" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="853" data-file-height="1280"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 138px;height: 207px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Edward_Neumeier_2007.jpg/138px-Edward_Neumeier_2007.jpg" data-alt="A photograph of Edward Neumeier" data-width="138" data-height="207" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Edward_Neumeier_2007.jpg/207px-Edward_Neumeier_2007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Edward_Neumeier_2007.jpg/276px-Edward_Neumeier_2007.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">Director <a href="/wiki/Paul_Verhoeven" title="Paul Verhoeven">Paul Verhoeven</a> (left, pictured in 2016) and writer <a href="/wiki/Edward_Neumeier" title="Edward Neumeier">Edward Neumeier</a> (2007)</div></div></div></div> Progress was slow as TriStar regularly replaced executives, including Medavoy, and high cost or risk projects, like Starship Troopers, were more closely scrutinized.<a href="#cite_note-NewYorkerRetro-5">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-GuardianHowwemade-22">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199714-27">[26]</a> Davison spent much of 1993 securing several key crew including Tippett and RoboCop director <a href="/wiki/Paul_Verhoeven" title="Paul Verhoeven">Paul Verhoeven</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon19978%E2%80%9310,_14-28">[27]</a> Neumeier and Davison said Verhoeven was their only choice to direct Starship Troopers because they determined the fantastical creatures, genre, and political subtext suited his creative sensibilities.<a href="#cite_note-31">[a]</a> Verhoeven recruited <a href="/wiki/Alan_Marshall_(producer)" title="Alan Marshall (producer)">Alan Marshall</a> as a producer, having worked with him on <a href="/wiki/Basic_Instinct" title="Basic Instinct">Basic Instinct</a> (1992) and his most recent project <a href="/wiki/Showgirls" title="Showgirls">Showgirls</a> (1995).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199711%E2%80%9320-32">[30]</a> Despite Verhoeven's previous successes leading into the early 1990s, he was in need of a promising project as his efforts to develop the pirate adventure Mistress of the Seas and the <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Schwarzenegger" title="Arnold Schwarzenegger">Arnold Schwarzenegger</a>-starring Crusade had failed. Showgirls would go on to fail financially and earn him the worst reviews of his career.<a href="#cite_note-SyFyRetro-30">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199710%E2%80%9311-33">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-EscapistRetro-34">[32]</a> By 1994, TriStar remained reluctant to move Starship Troopers into pre-production.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199716-35">[33]</a> Key crew members, including Davison and Verhoeven, decided to produce test footage to demonstrate their intended visual style and tone.<a href="#cite_note-LATimesSep1996-21">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199716-35">[33]</a> TriStar paid $225,000 toward development of the "Bug Test", a brief scene filmed at <a href="/wiki/Vasquez_Rocks" title="Vasquez Rocks">Vasquez Rocks</a> near Los Angeles on July 21, 1994.<a href="#cite_note-LATimesSep1996-21">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199716%E2%80%9317-36">[34]</a> Although still busy filming Showgirls, Verhoeven directed the sequence, which was filmed by <a href="/wiki/John_Hora" title="John Hora">John Hora</a> and a 30-person crew. The sequence depicts a soldier (played by <a href="/wiki/Mitch_Gaylord" title="Mitch Gaylord">Mitch Gaylord</a>) being pursued and killed by two Warrior Bugs, which were animated by <a href="/wiki/Tippett_Studio" title="Tippett Studio">Tippett Studio</a>; Neumeier makes a cameo appearance as a dead soldier.<a href="#cite_note-LATimesSep1996-21">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199717-37">[35]</a> The visual effects were finished by September, and the footage screened for TriStar executives in early October.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199718-38">[36]</a> Executives including Lee and <a href="/wiki/Mark_Canton" title="Mark Canton">Mark Canton</a> were impressed with the visual effects and did not realize they were <a href="/wiki/Computer-generated_imagery" title="Computer-generated imagery">computer-generated imagery</a> (CGI). They approved moving into pre-production, but other executives remained non-committal on providing any substantial funding.<a href="#cite_note-LATimesSep1996-21">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199718-38">[36]</a> In early 1995, Davison developed a detailed budget totalling $90 million, based on Neumeier's third draft.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199713,_18%E2%80%9319-39">[37]</a> TriStar rejected this amount, citing the financial failure of the $200 million-budgeted <a href="/wiki/Waterworld" title="Waterworld">Waterworld</a> (1995), which resulted in the firing of several executives at <a href="/wiki/Universal_Pictures" title="Universal Pictures">Universal Pictures</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199713-40">[38]</a> TriStar executives determined that, to move forward, the cost of Starship Troopers had to be split with a business partner.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199719-41">[39]</a> Davison screened the Bug Test for potential suitors, attracting the interest of <a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney_Studios_(division)" title="Walt Disney Studios (division)">Walt Disney Studios</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199720-42">[40]</a> An agreement was reached between TriStar, its parent company <a href="/wiki/Sony_Pictures" title="Sony Pictures">Sony Pictures</a>, and Disney to produce Starship Troopers via TriStar and Disney's <a href="/wiki/Touchstone_Pictures" title="Touchstone Pictures">Touchstone Pictures</a>, splitting the budget costs and box office profits evenly, in exchange for Touchstone receiving all distribution rights to the film outside the United States and Canada.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199720-42">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-LAtimesTouchstoneSony-43">[41]</a> Each studio was also given creative input on the film and its marketing.<a href="#cite_note-LAtimesTouchstoneSony-43">[41]</a> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Writing">Writing</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Writing" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Neumeier began adapting the Starship Troopers novel at the beginning of 1993, working from his office in <a href="/wiki/Eagle_Rock,_Los_Angeles" title="Eagle Rock, Los Angeles">Eagle Rock, Los Angeles</a>.<a href="#cite_note-NewYorkerRetro-5">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon19978%E2%80%939-44">[42]</a> He was concerned about how to translate the tone of Heinlein's work because of the controversy surrounding its release, which identified Heinlein as alternately a <a href="/wiki/Conservatism" title="Conservatism">conservative</a>, <a href="/wiki/Militarism" title="Militarism">militarist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Libertarianism" title="Libertarianism">libertarian</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fascism" title="Fascism">fascist</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon19973,_11%E2%80%9312-45">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireDutch-46">[44]</a> The novel espouses the benefits of military service, citizenship, and masculinity.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireDutch-46">[44]</a> Heinlein described the central theme as being "that a man, to be truly human, must be unhesitatingly willing at all times to lay down his life for his fellow man. [This theme] is based on the twin concepts of love and duty—and how they are related to the survival of our race".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon19974-47">[45]</a> Neuimeier and Davison wanted to accurately depict the novel's viewpoint and believed that audiences would appreciate the concept of a failing democracy and stricter cultural controls.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199712-48">[46]</a> Certain aspects of the novel were challenging for Neumeier to adapt. While he considered the first and third acts narratively strong, he felt the middle act—focusing on Rico's boot camp experience—was an overly long piece preaching to Heinlein's readership, which would not translate well to film.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199712-48">[46]</a> To address this, he identified key elements such as the high school opening, boot camp, battles, and the underlying philosophy and sociopolitics. To compensate for the slower second act, he expanded on certain themes, including the teenage romance, drawing from his own experiences of pursuing women who had no interest in him.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199712%E2%80%9313-49">[47]</a> The first draft was completed on July 8, 1993.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199711-50">[48]</a> It remained generally faithful to Heinlein's novel, including a secondary alien race known as the "Skinnies"; the "Bounce", a technology allowing infantry members to make jet-assisted superhuman jumps; and power armor, which granted the troops superhuman strength.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199713-40">[38]</a> A copy was sent to Heinlein's wife, who was pleased with it.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199713-40">[38]</a> Verhoeven tried, and failed, to read the novel, finding it uninteresting and too politically <a href="/wiki/Right-wing_politics" title="Right-wing politics">right-wing</a>.<a href="#cite_note-CBRRetro-14">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-DeadspinRetro-19">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireDutch-46">[44]</a> He had Neumeier summarize the narrative, and found it militaristic, fascistic, and overly supportive of armed conflict, which clashed with Verhoeven's childhood experiences in the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands_in_World_War_II" title="Netherlands in World War II">German-occupied Netherlands</a> during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>.<a href="#cite_note-51">[b]</a> Verhoeven decided to use the basic plot to satirize and undermine the book's themes by deconstructing the concepts of <a href="/wiki/Totalitarianism" title="Totalitarianism">totalitarianism</a>, fascism, and militarism, saying: "All the way through I wanted the audience to be asking, 'Are [the characters] crazy?'"<a href="#cite_note-52">[c]</a> His contributions to Neumeier's second draft included developing the romantic subplot between Rico and Carmen, and combining the male character Dizzy with a Neumeier-created female character called Ronnie who was romantically interested in Rico. This, in turn, led Neumeier to develop <a href="/wiki/Love_triangle" title="Love triangle">romantic triangles</a> between Dizzy, Rico, Carmen, and Zander.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199719-41">[39]</a> The Skinnies were removed, because Verhoeven thought depicting an additional alien race would be confusing, while queen bugs and advanced canines called neo-dogs were considered financially unviable.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199730-53">[49]</a> Other financially motivated changes included the removal of the Bounce and the Drop, a method of inserting troops from orbit in capsules that shed consecutive layers during landing.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199730-53">[49]</a> Preliminary designs were made of the capsules, but attached to parachutes, which did not match the intended aesthetic, and adding rockets was deemed impractical, because it would have required numerous different visual effects and taken too much time to accomplish.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199731-54">[50]</a> In addition to cost, the Bounce was removed, because the troops would look like they were on pogo sticks and it made it too easy to avoid Arachnid attacks.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199712,_30%E2%80%9331-55">[51]</a> The Arachnids were made more insect-like, as Verhoeven did not want them to wield weaponry or act like humanoids.<a href="#cite_note-LATimesSep1996-21">[20]</a> The most controversial omission from the novel, for fans, was the power armor. Davison said that despite the importance of the armor, it was financially impossible to create hundreds of suits for the cast and extras.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199732%E2%80%9333-56">[52]</a> He and Verhoeven initially agreed to use the power armor sparingly, and integrate various different ideas such as the Bounce into them, but later determined it gave the troops too much of a combat advantage.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199733-57">[53]</a> The FedNet sequences, the main source of information in the future, were invented for the film, representing how Neumeier believed television and computers would eventually be combined.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199764-58">[54]</a> Neumeier completed his third and final draft by early 1995.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199719-41">[39]</a> Verhoeven described the script as being about contemporary American politics, such as a lack of <a href="/wiki/Gun_politics_in_the_United_States" title="Gun politics in the United States">gun control</a> and increasing <a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States" title="Capital punishment in the United States">capital punishment</a> under <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Texas" title="Governor of Texas">Texas governor</a> <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a>, which he believed could potentially lead to fascism. The characters of Starship Troopers, he said, were "fascists who aren't aware of their fascism".<a href="#cite_note-TheVergeRetro-4">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-GuardianHowwemade-22">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-EscapistRetro-34">[32]</a> He said: "If I tell the world that a right-wing, fascist way of doing things doesn't work, no one will listen to me. So I'm going to make a perfect fascist world: everyone is beautiful, everything is shiny, everything has big guns and fancy ships but it's only good for killing fucking Bugs!"<a href="#cite_note-ScreenRantRetro-26">[25]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pre-production">Pre-production</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Pre-production" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Under the company name Big Bug Pictures, the Starship Troopers team worked in a large suite in the Astaire Building at <a href="/wiki/Sony_Pictures_Studios" title="Sony Pictures Studios">Sony Pictures Studios</a> in <a href="/wiki/Culver_City,_California" title="Culver City, California">Culver City, California</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199719,_39-59">[55]</a> While pre-production began in earnest by September 1995, after Verhoeven concluded work on Showgirls,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199719-41">[39]</a> he had already spent several months producing over 4,000 storyboard images of the Starship Troopers script. Conscious that the Arachnids, among other CGI elements, would be added after filming, he wanted a detailed image of how each scene would be set out during filming.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199719,_36-60">[56]</a> Storyboard artists Robin Richesson and Giacomo Ghiazzi refined Verhoeven's storyboards, the majority of the comic book–style art being done by Ghiazzi.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199736-61">[57]</a> Many key crew members were hired in 1996, including Verhoeven's long-time cinematographer <a href="/wiki/Jost_Vacano" title="Jost Vacano">Jost Vacano</a>,<a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-62">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199728,_42-63">[59]</a> as well as <a href="/wiki/Vic_Armstrong" title="Vic Armstrong">Vic Armstrong</a> (<a href="/wiki/Second_unit#Directors" title="Second unit">second unit director</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stunt_coordinator" title="Stunt coordinator">stunt coordinator</a>), <a href="/wiki/Mark_Goldblatt" title="Mark Goldblatt">Mark Goldblatt</a> (<a href="/wiki/Film_editing" title="Film editing">editor</a>), <a href="/wiki/John_Richardson_(special_effects_designer)" title="John Richardson (special effects designer)">John Richardson</a> (<a href="/wiki/Special_effects_supervisor" title="Special effects supervisor">special effects supervisor</a>), <a href="/wiki/Basil_Poledouris" title="Basil Poledouris">Basil Poledouris</a> (<a href="/wiki/Composer" title="Composer">music composer</a>),<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199742-64">[60]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Latham_Brown" title="Robert Latham Brown">Robert Latham Brown</a> (production manager).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199739-65">[61]</a> Tippett also hired the nearly 100 additional staff required to realize the Arachnids, including <a href="/wiki/Craig_Hayes" title="Craig Hayes">Craig Hayes</a> (visual effects artist) and <a href="/wiki/Trey_Stokes" title="Trey Stokes">Trey Stokes</a> (animation department head).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199728-66">[62]</a> Davison's responsibilities focused on the special effects, while Marshall was concerned more with the filming.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199724-67">[63]</a> Production designer Allan Cameron and location manager Bill Bowling scouted several filming locations, but rejected most as they did not consider them particularly unique. Others, such as the <a href="/wiki/Valley_of_Fire_State_Park" title="Valley of Fire State Park">Valley of Fire State Park</a> in Nevada had too many environmental restrictions which could delay filming, and obtaining the necessary permits was slow due to an <a href="/wiki/1995%E2%80%931996_United_States_federal_government_shutdowns" title="1995–1996 United States federal government shutdowns">extended period of U.S. government shutdowns</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199752-68">[64]</a> Bowling identified <a href="/wiki/Hell%27s_Half_Acre_(Wyoming)" title="Hell's Half Acre (Wyoming)">Hell's Half Acre</a>, located just outside <a href="/wiki/Casper,_Wyoming" title="Casper, Wyoming">Casper, Wyoming</a>, which offered colorful <a href="/wiki/Butte" title="Butte">buttes</a> and pinnacles to portray the alien planets of Klendathu and Planet P, although it was rife with rattlesnakes.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199752%E2%80%9353,_56-69">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-StrangeHorizons-70">[66]</a> The location was remote, about 45 miles (72 km) or an hour's drive from the production office and hotels for the cast and crew. It offered other logistical challenges as it was generally undeveloped land, requiring the production to build roads for the trucks carrying gear into the canyons for filming.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199756-71">[67]</a> Anything that could not be transported by road was lowered by helicopter.<a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-62">[58]</a> Construction of some on-location sets such as Whiskey Outpost camp began in February 1996 and took six weeks.<a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-62">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199753-72">[68]</a> The local government was supportive of the project, subsidizing the building of the roads and camp.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199756-71">[67]</a> Another, more easily accessible location, Barry Barber Ranch near <a href="/wiki/Kadoka,_South_Dakota" title="Kadoka, South Dakota">Kadoka, South Dakota</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Badlands_National_Park" title="Badlands National Park">Badlands National Park</a>, featured little vegetation and a smooth, undulating landscape, which was chosen to portray Tango Urilla.<a href="#cite_note-StrangeHorizons-70">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199753-72">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-VarietyTango-73">[69]</a> As pre-production continued, Davison remained concerned about TriStar's ongoing executive turnover and its inconsistent commitment to funding.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199753-72">[68]</a> Verhoeven believed the repeated regime changes at the studio worked in their favor, as the project was overlooked until it was too late to cancel it.<a href="#cite_note-76">[d]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Casting">Casting</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Casting" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:144px;max-width:144px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:191px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Michael_Ironside_WOH-06_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="A photograph of Michael Ironside" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Michael_Ironside_WOH-06_%28cropped%29.jpg/142px-Michael_Ironside_WOH-06_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="142" height="192" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="493" data-file-height="667"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 142px;height: 192px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Michael_Ironside_WOH-06_%28cropped%29.jpg/142px-Michael_Ironside_WOH-06_%28cropped%29.jpg" data-alt="A photograph of Michael Ironside" data-width="142" data-height="192" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Michael_Ironside_WOH-06_%28cropped%29.jpg/213px-Michael_Ironside_WOH-06_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Michael_Ironside_WOH-06_%28cropped%29.jpg/284px-Michael_Ironside_WOH-06_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:144px;max-width:144px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:191px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Jake_Busey_(cropped).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="A photograph of Jake Busey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Jake_Busey_%28cropped%29.JPG/142px-Jake_Busey_%28cropped%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="142" height="191" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1160" data-file-height="1564"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 142px;height: 191px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Jake_Busey_%28cropped%29.JPG/142px-Jake_Busey_%28cropped%29.JPG" data-alt="A photograph of Jake Busey" data-width="142" data-height="191" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Jake_Busey_%28cropped%29.JPG/213px-Jake_Busey_%28cropped%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Jake_Busey_%28cropped%29.JPG/284px-Jake_Busey_%28cropped%29.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">(Left to right) <a href="/wiki/Michael_Ironside" title="Michael Ironside">Michael Ironside</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jake_Busey" title="Jake Busey">Jake Busey</a> (both pictured in 2009). They portrayed Lieutenant Jean Rasczak, and Private Ace Levy, respectively.</div></div></div></div> Verhoeven wanted a cast who visually embodied the <a href="/wiki/Aryan_race" title="Aryan race">Aryan</a>, blonde, blue-eyed, and beautiful image he had perceived in the <a href="/wiki/Propaganda_in_Nazi_Germany" title="Propaganda in Nazi Germany">Nazi propaganda</a> films <a href="/wiki/Triumph_of_the_Will" title="Triumph of the Will">Triumph of the Will</a> (1935) and <a href="/wiki/Olympia_(1938_film)" title="Olympia (1938 film)">Olympia</a> (1938) by <a href="/wiki/Leni_Riefenstahl" title="Leni Riefenstahl">Leni Riefenstahl</a>.<a href="#cite_note-77">[e]</a> He focused on popular film actors in their late teens and early twenties, but realized that many of the contemporary stars he wanted, such as <a href="/wiki/Chris_O%27Donnell" title="Chris O'Donnell">Chris O'Donnell</a> and <a href="/wiki/Christian_Slater" title="Christian Slater">Christian Slater</a>, were already in their thirties—which would make the characters seem less naive—or committed to other projects.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199742%E2%80%9343-78">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGu%C3%A9ret2016128-79">[73]</a> Although television actors were still generally overlooked when casting films, the production looked at shows such as <a href="/wiki/Melrose_Place" title="Melrose Place">Melrose Place</a> and <a href="/wiki/Beverly_Hills,_90210" title="Beverly Hills, 90210">Beverly Hills, 90210</a>, which featured young, photogenic, but less well known actors, such as Casper Van Dien, Denise Richards, and Dina Meyer.<a href="#cite_note-CBRRetro-14">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-SyFyRetro-30">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199742%E2%80%9343-78">[72]</a> Van Dien performed five auditions for the Rico role,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199746-80">[74]</a> and underwent eight months of training after securing it, gaining 5 lb (2.3 kg) of muscle and losing 3.5 in (8.9 cm) from his waist.<a href="#cite_note-LATimesSep1996-21">[20]</a> <a href="/wiki/Mark_Wahlberg" title="Mark Wahlberg">Mark Wahlberg</a> and <a href="/wiki/Matt_Damon" title="Matt Damon">Matt Damon</a> also auditioned, but Verhoeven believed Van Dien closely fit the Riefenstahl aesthetic.<a href="#cite_note-GuardianHowwemade-22">[21]</a> Richards also performed five auditions to portray Carmen in November and December 1995, before finally <a href="/wiki/Screen_test" title="Screen test">screen testing</a> against Van Dien.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199746%E2%80%9347-81">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-EWRichards-82">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-DigitalSpyRichards-83">[77]</a> Meyer's agent recommended auditioning for Carmen, but she wanted to portray Dizzy because she thought she could convey the character's "heart" and vulnerability at being overlooked by Rico because her toughness makes her seem like just another guy.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199747%E2%80%9348-84">[78]</a> Neil Patrick Harris was mainly known for portraying a child doctor on <a href="/wiki/Doogie_Howser,_M.D." title="Doogie Howser, M.D.">Doogie Howser, M.D.</a> (1989–1993), and wanted a project that would shed that image as he moved into his adult career.<a href="#cite_note-SyFyRetro-30">[29]</a> He described Jenkins as almost two separate characters, Rico's geeky and funny friend who becomes worn, pale, and troubled by his responsibilities.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199769-85">[79]</a> Making his feature film debut, Patrick Muldoon described his character Zander as ambiguous and competitive, while Verhoeven and Neumeier saw him as possessing a darker side.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199770-86">[80]</a> Jake Busey considered Ace Levy to be an integral character necessary for releasing the tension for the audience by finding the humor in macabre situations.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199778-9">[8]</a> Seth Gilliam said his character is like a <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a> veteran who cannot adapt to life outside war.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199794-87">[81]</a> Clancy Brown portrays Sergeant Zim, a "crusty, macho, jingoistic, ultimately admirable drill instructor". Brown based his performance on archetypical drill instructors from military films such as <a href="/wiki/The_D.I." title="The D.I.">The D.I.</a> (1957) and <a href="/wiki/Full_Metal_Jacket" title="Full Metal Jacket">Full Metal Jacket</a> (1987), as well as taking guidance from retired Marine captain <a href="/wiki/Dale_Dye" title="Dale Dye">Dale Dye</a>, who said that Brown should act as if his soldiers are watching his every move.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199777-88">[82]</a> Verhoeven was a fan of Michael Ironside, having attempted to cast him in RoboCop and giving him a central role in <a href="/wiki/Total_Recall_(1990_film)" title="Total Recall (1990 film)">Total Recall</a> (1990).<a href="#cite_note-NewYorkerRetro-5">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199766-89">[83]</a> Ironside's Jean Rasczak appears early in Starship Troopers to set the tone, and was an original creation combining two characters from the novel: Rico's teacher, Lieutenant Colonel Jean V. Dubois, and Lieutenant Rasczak, a heroic soldier.<a href="#cite_note-CBRRetro-14">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199766,_94-90">[84]</a> Members of the principal cast, including Van Dien, Meyer, Busey, Gilliam and Curnal Aulisio, and 24 <a href="/wiki/Extra_(acting)" title="Extra (acting)">extras</a> undertook twelve days of <a href="/wiki/Military_recruit_training" title="Military recruit training">military training</a>, led by Dye, from April 17, 1996, to the start of filming.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199760%E2%80%9361-91">[85]</a> Conducted in Hell's Half Acre, the training included basic combat skills and tactics as Dye perceived they may evolve centuries in the future.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199761,_63-92">[86]</a> Activities included a daily 3-mile (4.8 km) run, marching, and weapon handling. Those involved slept in open-air military tents, dealing with the harsh conditions, including 2 ft (0.61 m) of snow and ice following a blizzard, and windstorms. Extra Julia Rupkalvis's experience during the training led to her becoming a key assistant to Dye while training the hundreds of extras portraying troopers.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199763-93">[87]</a> As Richards was not in the infantry cast, she did not have to participate, but chose to anyway, later remarking how she, Van Dien, and Busey bonded while huddling together for warmth during the blizzard.<a href="#cite_note-GuardianHowwemade-22">[21]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Filming">Filming</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Filming" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Special_effects_of_Starship_Troopers#Sets_and_locations" title="Special effects of Starship Troopers">Starship Troopers sets and locations</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HellsHalfAcre.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/HellsHalfAcre.JPG/220px-HellsHalfAcre.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1125"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/HellsHalfAcre.JPG/220px-HellsHalfAcre.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/HellsHalfAcre.JPG/330px-HellsHalfAcre.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/HellsHalfAcre.JPG/440px-HellsHalfAcre.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Badlands of <a href="/wiki/Hell%27s_Half_Acre_(Wyoming)" title="Hell's Half Acre (Wyoming)">Hell's Half Acre</a>, Natrona County, Wyoming, where parts of Starship Troopers were filmed.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Principal_photography" title="Principal photography">Principal photography</a> began on April 29, 1996, with six weeks of filming in Hell's Half Acre.<a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-62">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199753,_150-94">[88]</a> The area featured extreme weather conditions, including hot days, frigid evenings, blizzards, and 80-mile-per-hour (130 km/h) wind storms that affected much of the on-site equipment, requiring replacements to be flown in on a regular basis.<a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-62">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199756-71">[67]</a> It was also temporarily evacuated after torrential rain mixed with <a href="/wiki/Bentonite" title="Bentonite">bentonite</a> in the soil, creating a slick surface. The crew returned two weeks later to find that miles of electrical cables, some equipment, and even cars had sunk into the mud. Only a few days of filming were lost, however, as a local warehouse had been converted into a soundstage.<a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-62">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199756-71">[67]</a> The conditions also caused respiratory and exhaustion issues among the crew, and many were treated for <a href="/wiki/Heat_stroke" title="Heat stroke">heat stroke</a> after wearing heavy costumes in the 115 °F (46 °C) heat, including Busey. Production was paused for a week while he recovered, costing $1.5 million a day.<a href="#cite_note-CBRRetro-14">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997150-95">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-EsquireBusey-96">[90]</a> A Klendathu night battle sequence filmed there featured about 1,300 background trooper extras for each night of filming.<a href="#cite_note-GuardianHowwemade-22">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199757,_65-97">[91]</a> A <a href="/wiki/Steadicam" title="Steadicam">steadicam</a> was used for most filming, with occasional handheld footage for battle scenes, inspired by the 1944 <a href="/wiki/Normandy_landings" title="Normandy landings">Normandy landings</a>, to make the audience feel like a part of the scene.<a href="#cite_note-GuardianHowwemade-22">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199757,_65-97">[91]</a> Most effects scenes were shot early in the schedule so there was sufficient time for the effects team to complete their work.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997123-98">[92]</a> The cast struggled with scenes in which they had to interact with blank space that would later be filled with CGI creations. Cardboard cutouts, tennis balls, flags, and even Verhoeven wielding a broom were methods used to indicate where the creatures would be.<a href="#cite_note-99">[f]</a> In May, during the <a href="/wiki/Memorial_Day" title="Memorial Day">Memorial Day</a> holiday weekend, an oncoming driver struck a car carrying crew, resulting in the deaths of two crew members, their driver, and severely injuring television personality <a href="/wiki/Rachel_Campos-Duffy" title="Rachel Campos-Duffy">Rachel Campos</a>, the girlfriend of one of the dead crew members.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997150%E2%80%93151-100">[93]</a> Counselling was offered for the remaining cast and crew, who provided donations towards Campos's recovery.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997151-101">[94]</a> Filming moved to Barry Barber Ranch on June 14, for scenes set on Klendathu and Tango Urilla,<a href="#cite_note-102">[g]</a> before returning to Casper on June 26.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997150-95">[89]</a> The post Tango Urilla battle celebration was filmed at Vasquez Rocks.<a href="#cite_note-StrangeHorizons-70">[66]</a> On the crew's flight to Los Angeles on June 29, an intoxicated crew member mentioned a bomb, resulting in the plane being evacuated, cargo searched, and all passengers being detained. The crew member was arrested while the remaining team waited another day for a flight, losing a rest day and a day of filming.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997150-95">[89]</a> Filming on sets began in early July, including the Buenos Aires education center classroom, biology lab, and Jenkins's basement sets, which were built at Sony Studios.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199765,_67%E2%80%9369,_150-103">[95]</a> The Jump Ball scene was filmed at the <a href="/wiki/Walter_Pyramid" title="Walter Pyramid">Long Beach Pyramid</a> arena.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199769-85">[79]</a> Van Dien, Meyer, and Muldoon performed many of their own stunts for the scene, apart from flips and somersaults, and encouraged each other to be physically rough.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199770-86">[80]</a> The exam results scene and the prom were both filmed at <a href="/wiki/Kaiser_Permanente" title="Kaiser Permanente">Kaiser Permanente Medical Center</a> in <a href="/wiki/Baldwin_Park,_California" title="Baldwin Park, California">Baldwin Park</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199766,_70-104">[96]</a> The Federal Recruitment Center scene and following segment in which Carmen leaves by train were filmed over four days at the <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Convention_Center" title="Los Angeles Convention Center">Los Angeles Convention Center</a>, which Verhoeven chose because he considered its architecture to be futuristic and clean.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199770%E2%80%9371-105">[97]</a> Some scenes were also filmed at the <a href="/wiki/Park_Plaza_Hotel_(Los_Angeles)" title="Park Plaza Hotel (Los Angeles)">Park Plaza Hotel</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997101-16">[15]</a> Camp Currie boot camp scenes were filmed at <a href="/wiki/Mile_Square_Regional_Park" title="Mile Square Regional Park">Mile Square Regional Park</a> in <a href="/wiki/Fountain_Valley,_California" title="Fountain Valley, California">Fountain Valley</a>, which Cameron favored for its abandoned World War II blimp runway onto which they installed a top coat of tarmac and paint for a parade ground. It also fit their image of a low-pollution Earth, being surrounded by flat ground and trees.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199772-106">[98]</a> The co-ed nude shower scene was filmed on a set at Sony Pictures with about fifteen cast members. The set was cleared of all but the cast, Verhoeven, and Vacano, who also undressed at the cast's request.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireDutch-46">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199782-107">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-DigitalSpyat20-108">[100]</a> A separate nude scene was written for Richards, but she refused to take part, as she did not see the purpose.<a href="#cite_note-GuardianHowwemade-22">[21]</a> Armstrong's <a href="/wiki/Second_unit" title="Second unit">second unit</a> filmed action sequences as well as the complex stunts and special effect scenes that would be time-consuming for the main unit. He delegated much of the main unit stunt work to Dickey Beer to avoid overworking himself.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199758%E2%80%9360-109">[101]</a> The fight between Rico and Zander was mainly performed by Van Dien and Muldoon while wearing padding suits.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199790-110">[102]</a> Van Dien was injured during a stunt that involved him riding on the back of a gigantic moving fiberglass "Tanker Bug" shell. The movement kept slamming him into the shell as he was held in place with ropes, chipping one of his teeth and bruising his ribs over the three and a half days of filming, but he refused to mention the pain and risk stalling filming.<a href="#cite_note-LATimesSep1996-21">[20]</a> One of the more dangerous stunts came near the end of filming, involving Van Dien, Busey, and Richards running out of an Arachnid tunnel followed by a real explosion. Only one take was done and they were told that, if someone tripped, they should pick them up and keep moving.<a href="#cite_note-GuardianHowwemade-22">[21]</a> Despite the difficult conditions and obstacles, principal photography concluded on October 16, 1996, only slightly over schedule, after six months of filming generally six days a week.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199799%E2%80%93100,_123-111">[103]</a> Second unit filming concluded a week later on October 23, after filming various explosions and background scenery.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199799-112">[104]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-production">Post-production</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Post-production" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Post-production began in late October 1996, and concluded in August 1997.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997100,_128-113">[105]</a> Starship Troopers was edited by Mark Goldblatt with co-editor Caroline Ross.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997122%E2%80%93123-114">[106]</a> Goldblatt described Verhoeven as very collaborative, allowing them to interpret his footage in their own way and to provide input during filming on how special effects may be staged. Even so, Goldblatt said Verhoeven was conservative with what he filmed and generally only captured what he wanted with no <a href="/wiki/Camera_coverage" title="Camera coverage">coverage footage</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997123-98">[92]</a> Some scenes were changed for the release, including trimming the scene of the Brain Bug sucking brains.<a href="#cite_note-CBRRetro-14">[13]</a> A separate scene of a soldier being decapitated by an Arachnid was removed preemptively to avoid a restrictive <a href="/wiki/Motion_Picture_Association_film_rating_system#NC-17" title="Motion Picture Association film rating system">NC-17</a> release rating.<a href="#cite_note-ScreenNC17-115">[107]</a> Another scene, of Carmen kissing Rico during the finale, was cut, because <a href="/wiki/Test_screening" title="Test screening">test audiences</a> thought it was immoral after Zander's death, and were unconvinced that Carmen could love both men simultaneously. The audiences were also unhappy with Carmen choosing her career over her relationship with Rico and wanted her to die instead of Dizzy.<a href="#cite_note-CBRRetro-14">[13]</a> Additional supplemental scenes were filmed during this period, primarily the FedNet propaganda sequences, as there was no time to complete these during principal photography. Filmed over a week in late January 1997, with many of the same crew, including Verhoeven and Vacano, mainly on location in and around Los Angeles, the FedNet sequences included survivors digging through the remains of Buenos Aires, shot on a vacant lot in downtown Los Angeles that was dressed with broken concrete and flame effects. Another scene of a psychic with a third eye was filmed in a <a href="/wiki/Delta_Air_Lines" title="Delta Air Lines">Delta Air Lines</a> hangar at the <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_International_Airport" title="Los Angeles International Airport">Los Angeles International Airport</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997101-16">[15]</a> Two <a href="/wiki/Rough_cut" title="Rough cut">rough cut</a> screenings were held for executives on May 29 and 30, 1997, receiving a positive reaction with discussions of a sequel.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997131%E2%80%93132-116">[108]</a> Starship Troopers is reported to have had a final budget of $100–$110 million.<a href="#cite_note-LATimesSep1996-21">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-SyFyRetro-30">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimesNov1097-117">[109]</a><a href="#cite_note-118">[ii]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Visual_effects">Visual effects</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Visual effects" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Special_effects_of_Starship_Troopers" title="Special effects of Starship Troopers">Special effects of Starship Troopers</a></div> About half of the budget for Starship Troopers was dedicated to realizing the required 500 visual effect shots.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesNov1097-117">[109]</a> Tippett Studio was mainly responsible for producing effects relating to the Arachnids while <a href="/wiki/Sony_Pictures_Imageworks" title="Sony Pictures Imageworks">Sony Pictures Imageworks</a> (SPI) was tasked with spaceship effects.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199749-119">[110]</a> Davison wanted to use other studios, but it was made clear to him by studio executives that the film would not receive financing without using the in-house studio.<a href="#cite_note-LAtimesTouchstoneSony-43">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199749-119">[110]</a> Jim Martin and SPI art director Michael Scheffe were mainly responsible for the design of the crafts, with Martin providing broad outlines which were given greater detail and a more consistent appearance by Scheffe.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997105-120">[111]</a> Using SPI would lead to production problems, with their contributions falling months behind schedule and those effects that were completed being deemed insufficient by the filmmakers,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199749%E2%80%93102-121">[112]</a> resulting in the hiring of <a href="/wiki/Industrial_Light_%26_Magic" title="Industrial Light & Magic">Industrial Light & Magic</a> (ILM) and <a href="/wiki/Boss_Film_Studios" title="Boss Film Studios">Boss Film Studios</a> to complete the effects work.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997105,_111%E2%80%93112,_114-122">[113]</a><a href="#cite_note-ASCMagStarshipFX-123">[114]</a> Many miniatures were made of the ships for different scenes, some of them measuring up to 18 ft (5.5 m) long.<a href="#cite_note-ASCMagStarshipFX-123">[114]</a> Designing the Arachnids was a collaborative process between Tippett, Hayes, Davison, Neumeier, and Verhoeven.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199714-27">[26]</a> The final designs included the Warrior, Tanker, Plasma, Hopper, and Brain bugs. While CGI was the main method of realizing the creatures, some practical appliances were built by <a href="/wiki/Amalgamated_Dynamics" title="Amalgamated Dynamics">Amalgamated Dynamics</a>, including two full-scale mechanized Warrior bugs capable of lifting an adult in their jaws.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199715,_48%E2%80%9349-124">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-ASCMagCreatureFX-125">[116]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Music" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Starship_Troopers_(soundtrack)" title="Starship Troopers (soundtrack)">Starship Troopers (soundtrack)</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right listen noprint"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/50px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 50px;height: 50px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/50px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="50" data-height="50" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/75px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/100px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> <figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Starship_Troopers_1997_film_-_Klendathu_Drop.ogg" title="File:Starship Troopers 1997 film - Klendathu Drop.ogg">Basil Poledouris – Klendathu Drop</a></div> <div><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="26" data-mwtitle="Starship_Troopers_1997_film_-_Klendathu_Drop.ogg" data-mwprovider="local"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/9/98/Starship_Troopers_1997_film_-_Klendathu_Drop.ogg" type='audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"' data-width="0" data-height="0"></source><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/transcoded/9/98/Starship_Troopers_1997_film_-_Klendathu_Drop.ogg/Starship_Troopers_1997_film_-_Klendathu_Drop.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"></source></audio></div> <div class="description">The score for Starship Troopers derived from Basil Poledouris's theme for the Rodger Young spacecraft, later titled "Klendathu Drop"</div></div></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><hr>Problems playing this file? See <a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">media help</a>.</div> </div> The score for Starship Troopers was composed by Basil Poledouris over six months.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997126-126">[117]</a><a href="#cite_note-FilmTracks-127">[118]</a> Poledouris intended to score the film as an action movie, but Verhoeven wanted the music to offer a realistic background for the characters' experiences. As a result, Poledouris focused on creating a sense of excitement, passion, and poignancy.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997126%E2%80%93127-128">[119]</a> Verhoeven chose Poledouris's theme for the Rodger Young spaceship, titled "Klendathu Drop", as the basis for the overall score.<a href="#cite_note-FilmTracks-127">[118]</a> Poledouris developed themes for specific characters and relationships, including the one between Rico and Dizzy, whom he considered the "heart" of Starship Troopers, but did not create a theme for the Arachnids as he wanted their distinct noises to contrast with the score.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997127-129">[120]</a> The score was recorded on a Sony Studios recording stage between June and September 1997, with a full orchestra of 97 musicians using acoustic and percussion instruments.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997128-130">[121]</a> Evelyn Oz, a band including Poledouris's daughter, <a href="/wiki/Zo%C3%AB_Poledouris" title="Zoë Poledouris">Zoë</a>, performs two songs during the prom scene: an original song, "Into It", and "<a href="/wiki/Outside_(David_Bowie_album)" title="Outside (David Bowie album)">I Have Not Been to Oxford Town</a>", composed by <a href="/wiki/David_Bowie" title="David Bowie">David Bowie</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997128-130">[121]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><h2 id="Release">Release</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Release" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Marketing">Marketing</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Marketing" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Starship Troopers was initially scheduled for release on July 2, 1997, but was later pushed back to July 25, then September, and finally November 7.<a href="#cite_note-GuardianHowwemade-22">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-62">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997104-131">[122]</a> These shifts were made to allow more time to complete special effects work and increase public awareness of the film, but it was also thought that <a href="/wiki/Air_Force_One_(film)" title="Air Force One (film)">Air Force One</a> and <a href="/wiki/Men_in_Black_(1997_film)" title="Men in Black (1997 film)">Men in Black</a>, which starred popular actors, were more commercially viable options for Sony Pictures.<a href="#cite_note-GuardianHowwemade-22">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997104,_132-132">[123]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWarren2016124-133">[124]</a> Alan Marshall stated that no one involved in Starship Troopers was happy about delaying an anticipated blockbuster to after the peak theatrical season.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997104-131">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-LATimesAnticipated-134">[125]</a> The first trailer for Starship Troopers was released on November 22, 1996, appearing before <a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_First_Contact" title="Star Trek: First Contact">Star Trek: First Contact</a>, with the second playing before Men in Black and Air Force One in 1997.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997130-135">[126]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Box_office">Box office</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Box office" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/1997_in_film" title="1997 in film">1997 in film</a></div> The premiere of Starship Troopers took place on November 4, 1997, in <a href="/wiki/Westwood,_Los_Angeles" title="Westwood, Los Angeles">Westwood, Los Angeles</a>, with an afterparty at the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Flying" title="Museum of Flying">Museum of Flying</a>.<a href="#cite_note-LAtimesTouchstoneSony-43">[41]</a> In the United States and Canada, the film was released on November 7, 1997. During its opening weekend, the film grossed approximately $22.1 million from 2,971 theaters—an average of $7,424 per theater—making it the top film of the weekend, beating out <a href="/wiki/Bean_(film)" title="Bean (film)">Bean</a> ($12.7 million) and <a href="/wiki/I_Know_What_You_Did_Last_Summer" title="I Know What You Did Last Summer">I Know What You Did Last Summer</a> ($6.5 million), both in their fourth weekend.<a href="#cite_note-SyFyRetro-30">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-BomWeeekend1-136">[127]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> gave 1,000 tickets for Bean to young boys as a test, and recorded that many then snuck into the <a href="/wiki/Motion_Picture_Association_film_rating_system#MPA_film_ratings" title="Motion Picture Association film rating system">R-rated</a> Starship Troopers.<a href="#cite_note-CBRRetro-14">[13]</a> In its second weekend, the film dropped to second place, grossing $10 million, ahead of the re-release of <a href="/wiki/The_Little_Mermaid_(1989_film)" title="The Little Mermaid (1989 film)">The Little Mermaid</a> ($9.8 million) and behind the debut of <a href="/wiki/The_Jackal_(1997_film)" title="The Jackal (1997 film)">The Jackal</a> ($15.2 million). This represented a 54% decrease from the previous weekend's box office.<a href="#cite_note-BomWeeekend2-137">[128]</a><a href="#cite_note-LATimesBO54Percent-138">[129]</a> In its third weekend, Starship Troopers fell to seventh place with a box office gross of $4.7 million, and left the top 10 highest-grossing films by its sixth weekend in mid-December.<a href="#cite_note-BomWeeekend3-139">[130]</a><a href="#cite_note-TheNumbersBO-140">[131]</a> The film left most theaters by the end of the year with a total box office gross of about $54.8 million, making it the 33rd highest-grossing film of the year in the U.S. and Canada.<a href="#cite_note-BomWeeekend3-139">[130]</a><a href="#cite_note-TheNumbersBO-140">[131]</a><a href="#cite_note-TheNumbersDomestic1997-141">[132]</a> Outside the U.S. and Canada, the film is estimated to have grossed an additional $66.3 million, giving it a worldwide box office of $121 million, and making it the 34th highest-grossing film worldwide that year.<a href="#cite_note-ScreenRantRetro-26">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-TheNumbersBO-140">[131]</a><a href="#cite_note-TheNumbersworldwide-142">[133]</a><a href="#cite_note-143">[iii]</a> Verhoeven said that Davison had told him it would "never make its money back. He saw there was a problem with the American audience better than I had."<a href="#cite_note-GuardianHowwemade-22">[21]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Reception" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Critical_response">Critical response</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Critical response" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Starship Troopers received generally negative reviews and was unpopular with critics and audiences on release.<a href="#cite_note-144">[h]</a> Audience polls by <a href="/wiki/CinemaScore" title="CinemaScore">CinemaScore</a> found that moviegoers gave the film an average grade of "C+" on an A+ to F scale.<a href="#cite_note-CinemaScore-145">[134]</a> Many reviewers did not interpret Starship Troopers as a satire and believed that its fascist themes were sincere.<a href="#cite_note-148">[i]</a> An editorial in <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a> described the film as pro-fascist, made, directed, and written by Nazis.<a href="#cite_note-149">[j]</a> <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Hunter" title="Stephen Hunter">Stephen Hunter</a> said the film was "spiritually" and "psychologically" Nazi and born of a Nazi-like imagination. Hunter described it as a "perversion" of <a href="/wiki/Erich_Maria_Remarque" title="Erich Maria Remarque">Erich Maria Remarque</a>'s 1929 novel, <a href="/wiki/All_Quiet_on_the_Western_Front" title="All Quiet on the Western Front">All Quiet on the Western Front</a>, which portrays the physical and mental tolls of war, by glorifying the horrors of war.<a href="#cite_note-WaPoHunterNazis-150">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-WAPOHunter-151">[138]</a> Others, such as <a href="/wiki/Empire_(magazine)" title="Empire (magazine)">Empire</a>, argued that the "constant fetishizing of weaponry" and "[Aryan] cast", combined with the militaristic imagery in RoboCop and Total Recall, made it seem as though Verhoeven admired Heinlein's world more than he claimed.<a href="#cite_note-ReviewEmpire-147">[136]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReviewEbert-152">[139]</a> Some critics, such as <a href="/wiki/Roger_Ebert" title="Roger Ebert">Roger Ebert</a> and <a href="/wiki/Owen_Gleiberman" title="Owen Gleiberman">Owen Gleiberman</a>, recognized the satire,<a href="#cite_note-ReviewEbert-152">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReviewSalon-153">[140]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReviewEW-154">[141]</a> but often found that this commentary was indistinguishable from the promotion of the fascist utopia it was satirizing.<a href="#cite_note-SyFyRetro-30">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReviewEmpire-147">[136]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReviewReelViews-155">[142]</a> <a href="/wiki/Salon.com" title="Salon.com">Salon</a> argued that even with good satire, it is "self-defeatingly stupid" to use it in a story that wants its audience to care about its characters, and that Starship Troopers fails to replace Heinlein's themes with a worthwhile ideal. The <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a> wrote that Verhoeven had "lost his touch" with satire by failing to respect his audiences' intelligence and make the world of Starship Troopers interesting or convincing.<a href="#cite_note-ReviewSalon-153">[140]</a><a href="#cite_note-LATimesHiddenSatire-156">[143]</a> <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Turan" title="Kenneth Turan">Kenneth Turan</a> and <a href="/wiki/James_Berardinelli" title="James Berardinelli">James Berardinelli</a> considered the film among the most "jaw-dropping" and easily digestible films of that year, compared to several other blockbuster projects which had been disappointing.<a href="#cite_note-ReviewEW-154">[141]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReviewReelViews-155">[142]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReviewLATimes-157">[144]</a> Berardinelli said that, at its best, Starship Troopers replicated the thrills of <a href="/wiki/Aliens_(film)" title="Aliens (film)">Aliens</a> (1986), while emulating television <a href="/wiki/Drama_(film_and_television)#Teen_drama" title="Drama (film and television)">teen drama</a> Beverly Hills, 90210 in its worst moments.<a href="#cite_note-ReviewReelViews-155">[142]</a> Salon's review described Starship Troopers as an unintelligent and "discordant" combination of ultraviolence, poor acting, and special effects.<a href="#cite_note-ReviewSalon-153">[140]</a> Ebert said that Heinlein's novel was written for juveniles and the film would only be of interest to younger audiences.<a href="#cite_note-ReviewEbert-152">[139]</a> <a href="/wiki/Janet_Maslin" title="Janet Maslin">Janet Maslin</a> and Turan found Neuemeier's script to be unsuccessful in transitioning from the teenage love story to the carnage of war, but that Starship Troopers remained watchable as a live-action comic book.<a href="#cite_note-ReviewLATimes-157">[144]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReviewNYTimesMaslin-158">[145]</a> Turan, in particular, said that unlike its contemporaries, such as <a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(1996_film)" title="Independence Day (1996 film)">Independence Day</a> and <a href="/wiki/Twister_(1996_film)" title="Twister (1996 film)">Twister</a> (both 1996), Starship Troopers benefitted from a lack of pretence that the effects were less important than emotions or "pseudo-sensitivity".<a href="#cite_note-ReviewLATimes-157">[144]</a> Ebert concluded that, apart from the satire, Starship Troopers lacked any humanity or basic entertainment value with which to establish a connection to the audience.<a href="#cite_note-ReviewEbert-152">[139]</a> Turan's and Empire's reviews, among others, were dismissive of the central cast, describing them as "no name" models that offered only an all-American superficial Aryan stereotype of beauty.<a href="#cite_note-161">[k]</a> Gleiberman wrote that their limited acting abilities made some of their critically derided peers seem like "classical thespians", which made it difficult to become invested in the core narrative.<a href="#cite_note-ReviewSalon-153">[140]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReviewEW-154">[141]</a> While Berardinelli concurred with this assessment, he complimented the cast for their efforts, appeal, and enthusiasm in the roles.<a href="#cite_note-ReviewReelViews-155">[142]</a> Verhoeven later said Starship Troopers could have benefitted from casting actors for their ability instead of looks.<a href="#cite_note-CBRRetro-14">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-DigitalSpyat20-108">[100]</a> Some critics, such as Berardinelli, said that Starship Troopers would not work with good "or even competent" actors.<a href="#cite_note-ReviewEmpire-147">[136]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReviewReelViews-155">[142]</a> Berardinelli also praised the cast for being "appealing and enthusiastic", particularly Van Dien and Meyer for retaining some human interest once the special-effects sequences become more prominent.<a href="#cite_note-ReviewReelViews-155">[142]</a> Salon's review found the violence consistent with Verhoeven's previous works, with Gleiberman describing it as offering a "kinky-camp ghoulishness".<a href="#cite_note-ReviewSalon-153">[140]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReviewEW-154">[141]</a> Berardinelli and Maslin praised the tension, scale, and impressive visuals of the action sequences, in which Verhoeven revels in the contrast between his characters' earnestness and the violent and gory imagery.<a href="#cite_note-ReviewSalon-153">[140]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReviewReelViews-155">[142]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReviewNYTimesMaslin-158">[145]</a> Others, such as <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Rosenbaum" title="Jonathan Rosenbaum">Jonathan Rosenbaum</a> and Ebert, wrote that the scenes grew tiresome because the alien creatures had no personality, lacking any culture or discernible language, which rendered them idelogically "boring ciphers" inhabiting uninteresting planets.<a href="#cite_note-ReviewEbert-152">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReviewRosenbaum-159">[146]</a> Despite his praise, Berardinelli said audiences would quickly become desensitized to the extreme gore.<a href="#cite_note-ReviewReelViews-155">[142]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Accolades">Accolades</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Accolades" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> At the <a href="/wiki/2nd_Golden_Satellite_Awards" title="2nd Golden Satellite Awards">2nd Golden Satellite Awards</a> in 1998, Starship Troopers was nominated for Best Motion Picture (Animated or Mixed Media).<a href="#cite_note-AwardsSatellite-162">[148]</a> For the <a href="/wiki/70th_Academy_Awards" title="70th Academy Awards">70th Academy Awards</a>, Tippett, <a href="/wiki/Scott_E._Anderson" title="Scott E. Anderson">Scott E. Anderson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alec_Gillis" class="mw-redirect" title="Alec Gillis">Alec Gillis</a>, and John Richardson were nominated for <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Visual_Effects" title="Academy Award for Best Visual Effects">Best Visual Effects</a>.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesOscars-163">[149]</a> Starship Troopers was also nominated for Best Action Sequence at the <a href="/wiki/1998_MTV_Movie_Awards" title="1998 MTV Movie Awards">MTV Movie Awards</a>, as well as receiving a nomination for Best Dramatic Presentation from the <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Award" title="Hugo Award">Hugo Awards</a>.<a href="#cite_note-AwardsMTV-164">[150]</a><a href="#cite_note-AwardHugo-165">[151]</a> The film was nominated for Worst Picture at the <a href="/wiki/Stinkers_Bad_Movie_Awards" title="Stinkers Bad Movie Awards">Stinkers Bad Movie Awards</a>, losing to <a href="/wiki/Batman_%26_Robin_(film)" title="Batman & Robin (film)">Batman & Robin</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Stinkers-166">[152]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><h2 id="Post-release">Post-release</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Post-release" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Performance_analysis">Performance analysis</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Performance analysis" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Retrospective analyses have attempted to explain the cause of Starship Troopers's poor performance and reception.<a href="#cite_note-168">[l]</a> The film generally failed to connect with both critics and audiences, who found its mixture of satire, violence, gore, and "cheesy" performances unappealing.<a href="#cite_note-169">[m]</a> Other industry experts believe it was also adversely affected by the quantity of successful science fiction and genre films already released that year, such as <a href="/wiki/The_Lost_World:_Jurassic_Park" title="The Lost World: Jurassic Park">The Lost World: Jurassic Park</a> ($618.6 million) and <a href="/wiki/The_Fifth_Element" title="The Fifth Element">The Fifth Element</a> ($263.9 million).<a href="#cite_note-TheVergeRetro-4">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-ScreenRantWhyitfailed-167">[153]</a> Starship Troopers was also released just before <a href="/wiki/Titanic_(1997_film)" title="Titanic (1997 film)">Titanic</a> ($1.8 billion), which dominated theaters,<a href="#cite_note-TheVergeRetro-4">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-ScreenRantWhyitfailed-167">[153]</a><a href="#cite_note-BOMWorldwide1997-170">[154]</a> and other anticipated films like <a href="/wiki/Alien_Resurrection" title="Alien Resurrection">Alien Resurrection</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scream_2" title="Scream 2">Scream 2</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tomorrow_Never_Dies" title="Tomorrow Never Dies">Tomorrow Never Dies</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ScreenRantWhyitfailed-167">[153]</a><a href="#cite_note-LATimesFlubber-171">[155]</a> American historian <a href="/wiki/Robert_Sklar" title="Robert Sklar">Robert Sklar</a> suggested that audiences had grown tired of alien war films and science fiction adventure in general after the recent releases of <a href="/wiki/Mars_Attacks!" title="Mars Attacks!">Mars Attacks!</a>, the blockbuster Independence Day (both 1996), and the <a href="/wiki/Changes_in_Star_Wars_re-releases" title="Changes in Star Wars re-releases">Star Wars special editions</a> (1997).<a href="#cite_note-LATimesSep1996-21">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-LATimesSepAliens-172">[156]</a> The film's reputation was also damaged by a report by The Washington Post accusing Starship Troopers of promoting Nazism.<a href="#cite_note-GuardianHowwemade-22">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireDutch-46">[44]</a> Verhoeven said: "We were accused ... of being <a href="/wiki/Neo-Nazism" title="Neo-Nazism">neo-Nazis</a>! ... They couldn't see that all I have done is ironically create a fascist utopia."<a href="#cite_note-SyFyRetro-30">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireDutch-46">[44]</a> This narrative was perpetuated in European news publications despite Verhoeven's efforts to explain the satirical portrayal of fascism.<a href="#cite_note-AVClubVerhoevenInt-74">[70]</a> Verhoeven believed this dissuaded audiences from seeing Starship Troopers and, alongside poor <a href="/wiki/Word_of_mouth" title="Word of mouth">word of mouth</a> from audiences that did attend, the U.S. box office gross dropped a then rare 50% in its second weekend.<a href="#cite_note-GuardianHowwemade-22">[21]</a> He added that audiences were not happy about Dizzy dying instead of Carmen.<a href="#cite_note-HomeMediaSalon-173">[157]</a> The film's title was also seen as a contributing factor, leading audiences to expect a light-hearted adventure like <a href="/wiki/Star_Wars_(film)" title="Star Wars (film)">Star Wars</a> (1977).<a href="#cite_note-GuardianHowwemade-22">[21]</a> Verhoeven blamed the studio's poor marketing of Starship Troopers in the United States by labelling it as an action film, leading critics and audiences to overlook the satire.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireDutch-46">[44]</a> A Los Angeles Times editorial speculated the decision was possibly deliberate because satire films did not perform as well as the action genre.<a href="#cite_note-LATimesHiddenSatire-156">[143]</a> Verhoeven anecdotally remarked that it was appropriately marketed as a satire in England.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireDutch-46">[44]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Home_media">Home media</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Home media" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> The film score was released on <a href="/wiki/Compact_disc" title="Compact disc">compact disc</a> (CD) by <a href="/wiki/Var%C3%A8se_Sarabande" title="Varèse Sarabande">Varèse Sarabande</a> in 1997, but was criticized for a short runtime of 30 minutes. Bootleg copies were made containing additional material using the score from the film's DVD release.<a href="#cite_note-FilmTracks-127">[118]</a> Starship Troopers was released on <a href="/wiki/VHS" title="VHS">VHS</a> in 1998<a href="#cite_note-HomeMediaAmazonVHS-174">[158]</a> and on <a href="/wiki/DVD-Video" title="DVD-Video">DVD</a> in 1999.<a href="#cite_note-HomeMediaSalon-173">[157]</a><a href="#cite_note-HomeMediaIGN1999-175">[159]</a> The DVD features a documentary about the making of the film, actor screen tests, commentary by Verhoeven and Neumeier, and deleted scenes including an alternate ending in which Rico and Carmen officially rekindle their romance.<a href="#cite_note-HomeMediaIGN1999-175">[159]</a><a href="#cite_note-HomeMediaIGN2002SE-176">[160]</a> In 2002, a two-disc Special Edition DVD was released with additional features, including commentary by Verhoeven, Neumeier, and the cast, breakdowns of the special effects, and documentaries about the making of the film, creating the Arachnids and spaceships, the visual effects, and scene breakdowns.<a href="#cite_note-HomeMediaIGN2002SE-176">[160]</a><a href="#cite_note-HomeMediaIGN2002SE2-177">[161]</a> Starship Troopers was released on <a href="/wiki/Blu-ray" title="Blu-ray">Blu-ray</a> in 2008, containing many previously released extras and the addition of FedNet mode, which places a graphic overlay to the film with pop-up facts.<a href="#cite_note-HomeMediaIGN2008BluRay-178">[162]</a> A limited edition two-disc CD of the score was released in 2016, containing additional tracks.<a href="#cite_note-FilmTracks-127">[118]</a> A <a href="/wiki/Ultra_HD_Blu-ray" title="Ultra HD Blu-ray">4K Ultra HD Blu-ray</a> remastered version was released for the film's 20th anniversary with previously released extras.<a href="#cite_note-HomeMediaCollider2017-179">[163]</a> A 25th anniversary 4K Blu-ray was released in 2022, in a limited edition steelbook case, and includes a reunion discussion between Neumeier, Van Dien, Richards, Meyer, Ironside, Brown, Busey, and Gilliam.<a href="#cite_note-HomeMediaCollider2022-180">[164]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_media">Other media</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Other media" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Starship_Troopers_(franchise)#Video_games" title="Starship Troopers (franchise)">List of Starship Troopers video games</a></div> Coinciding with its theatrical release, Sony had restructured its business to focus on translating its films, including Starship Troopers, into media franchises that would extend their profitability beyond their time in theaters.<a href="#cite_note-LATimesSummerAug1997-181">[165]</a><a href="#cite_note-LATimesFranchise-182">[166]</a> Starship Troopers merchandise included miniatures, action figures, and "Insect Touch", a three-issue comic book by <a href="/wiki/Dark_Horse_Comics" title="Dark Horse Comics">Dark Horse Comics</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997131-183">[167]</a> Toy manufacturer <a href="/wiki/Galoob" title="Galoob">Galoob</a> developed twelve different products including action figures and vehicles. Retailers were reluctant to stock toys for an R-rated film, with both <a href="/wiki/Walmart" title="Walmart">Wal-Mart</a> and <a href="/wiki/Target_Corporation" title="Target Corporation">Target</a>, which represented about 20% of all action figure sales, declining, although <a href="/wiki/Toys_%22R%22_Us" title='Toys "R" Us'>Toys "R" Us</a> and <a href="/wiki/KB_Toys" title="KB Toys">KB Toys</a> agreed. Sony executives called it an "open secret" that children were attending R-rated films.<a href="#cite_note-LATimesMerch-184">[168]</a> Author Paul Sammon spent six months accompanying filming for Starship Troopers, through pre-production and leading up to the film's release. His resulting work was released alongside the film as The Making of Starship Troopers.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997152-185">[169]</a> A CGI animated television series, <a href="/wiki/Roughnecks:_Starship_Troopers_Chronicles" title="Roughnecks: Starship Troopers Chronicles">Roughnecks: Starship Troopers Chronicles</a>, was released in 1999. Based on elements of the film and Heinlein's novel, the series ran for forty episodes.<a href="#cite_note-LooperRoughnecks-186">[170]</a><a href="#cite_note-AICNRoughnecks-187">[171]</a> The 1976 board game <a href="/wiki/Starship_Troopers_(board_wargame)" title="Starship Troopers (board wargame)">Starship Troopers</a> was re-released and repackaged alongside the film as Starship Troopers: Prepare for Battle.<a href="#cite_note-CBRRetro-14">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-MerchBoardgame-188">[172]</a> A <a href="/wiki/Starship_Troopers_(pinball)" title="Starship Troopers (pinball)">Starship Troopers pinball machine</a> was also released in 1997.<a href="#cite_note-EuroTerranAscendancy-189">[173]</a> There have also been several game adaptations based on the film, including <a href="/wiki/Starship_Troopers:_Terran_Ascendancy" title="Starship Troopers: Terran Ascendancy">Starship Troopers: Terran Ascendancy</a> (2000),<a href="#cite_note-EuroTerranAscendancy-189">[173]</a> <a href="/wiki/Starship_Troopers_(video_game)" title="Starship Troopers (video game)">Starship Troopers</a> (2005)—which features Van Dien returning to voice Rico<a href="#cite_note-CBRRetro-14">[13]</a>—and <a href="/wiki/Starship_Troopers:_Terran_Command" title="Starship Troopers: Terran Command">Starship Troopers: Terran Command</a> (2022).<a href="#cite_note-TerranCommandIGN-190">[174]</a><a href="#cite_note-TerranCommandDOG-191">[175]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"><h2 id="Themes_and_analysis">Themes and analysis</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Themes and analysis" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Politics_and_propaganda">Politics and propaganda</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Politics and propaganda" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:142px;max-width:142px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:176px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Heer_-_decal_for_helmet_1942.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="Decal for German helmet (Heer), model 1942." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Heer_-_decal_for_helmet_1942.svg/140px-Heer_-_decal_for_helmet_1942.svg.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="177" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="348" data-file-height="439"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 140px;height: 177px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Heer_-_decal_for_helmet_1942.svg/140px-Heer_-_decal_for_helmet_1942.svg.png" data-alt="Decal for German helmet (Heer), model 1942." data-width="140" data-height="177" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Heer_-_decal_for_helmet_1942.svg/210px-Heer_-_decal_for_helmet_1942.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Heer_-_decal_for_helmet_1942.svg/280px-Heer_-_decal_for_helmet_1942.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:146px;max-width:146px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:176px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Italian_Blackshirts.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="Italian Blackshirts cap badge (1941)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Emblem_of_Italian_Blackshirts.svg/144px-Emblem_of_Italian_Blackshirts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="144" height="177" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="691" data-file-height="850"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 144px;height: 177px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Emblem_of_Italian_Blackshirts.svg/144px-Emblem_of_Italian_Blackshirts.svg.png" data-alt="Italian Blackshirts cap badge (1941)" data-width="144" data-height="177" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Emblem_of_Italian_Blackshirts.svg/216px-Emblem_of_Italian_Blackshirts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Emblem_of_Italian_Blackshirts.svg/288px-Emblem_of_Italian_Blackshirts.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">The iconography used by the human organizations in Starship Troopers was based on the <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Germany#Nazi_Germany" title="Coat of arms of Germany">Nazi German coat of arms</a> (left) and the logo of the Italian <a href="/wiki/Blackshirts" title="Blackshirts">Blackshirts</a> (right).</div></div></div></div> Starship Troopers explores themes including <a href="/wiki/Patriotism" title="Patriotism">patriotism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Authoritarianism" title="Authoritarianism">authoritarianism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Militarism" title="Militarism">militarism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colonialism" title="Colonialism">colonialism</a>, and xenophobia.<a href="#cite_note-194">[n]</a> Verhoeven interpreted Heinlein's novel as fascistic, nationalistic, totalitarian, and in favor of military rule, something antithetical to the director's own wartime experiences, and used Starship Troopers to deconstruct and undermine these themes.<a href="#cite_note-195">[o]</a> Iconography inspired by the German Nazi regime and Italian <a href="/wiki/National_Fascist_Party" title="National Fascist Party">National Fascist Party</a> appear throughout Starship Troopers as symbols of the United Citizen Federation (UCF). The UCF flag, bearing an eagle, resembles the <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Germany#Nazi_Germany" title="Coat of arms of Germany">Nazi coat of arms</a>; officer uniforms are similar to those worn by the Nazi secret police—the <a href="/wiki/Gestapo" title="Gestapo">Gestapo</a>—including the insignia, and the symbol on infantry uniforms references <a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Benito Mussolini</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Blackshirts" title="Blackshirts">Blackshirts</a>.<a href="#cite_note-GuardianHowwemade-22">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-ScreenRantRetro-26">[25]</a> Neumeier said the Nazi uniforms were used, in part, because the Nazi outfits looked good, but Verhoeven also wanted to use that aesthetic in "an artistic way".<a href="#cite_note-EWNazi-196">[178]</a> Although some contemporary critics and audiences considered Starship Troopers to be an endorsement of fascism, Verhoeven said, "whenever you see something that you think is fascist, you should know that the filmmakers agree with your opinion".<a href="#cite_note-GuardianHowwemade-22">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-AVClubCommentary-197">[179]</a> Other aspects of the Nazi regime influence Starship Troopers, from the architecture of <a href="/wiki/Albert_Speer" title="Albert Speer">Albert Speer</a>,<a href="#cite_note-ScreenRantRetro-26">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-EWNazi-196">[178]</a> to propaganda films such as Olympia. The first scene of Starship Troopers, an advertisement for the mobile infantry, emulates scenes from Triumph of the Will, including the dialogue, "I'm doing my part!"<a href="#cite_note-198">[p]</a> Influence was also taken from writer <a href="/wiki/Susan_Sontag" title="Susan Sontag">Susan Sontag</a>'s 1975 essay, "Fascinating Fascisms", that identifies key aspects of Nazism, such as the "cult of beauty", "fetishism of courage", "repudiation of the intellect", and serving the community at the expense of the self.<a href="#cite_note-NewYorkerRetro-5">[4]</a> Verhoeven cast attractive actors, described by <a href="/wiki/Entertainment_Weekly" title="Entertainment Weekly">Entertainment Weekly</a> critic Darren Franich as conveying the <a href="/wiki/Aryanism" title="Aryanism">Aryan ideal of beauty</a>, to "seduce the audience into joining [Starship Troopers's] society ... but then ask, 'What are you really joining up for?'"<a href="#cite_note-199">[q]</a> Screenwriter <a href="/wiki/Mark_Rosenthal_(filmmaker)" title="Mark Rosenthal (filmmaker)">Mark Rosenthal</a> said that the dangers of exposing the audience to an attractive fascism are necessary to lead them to the possibility of <a href="/wiki/Progressivism" title="Progressivism">progressive politics</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERosenthal2001182%E2%80%93183-200">[180]</a> In the novel, Rico is revealed at the end to be Filipino, a deliberate choice to make readers empathise with the character before revealing he is not white. Verhoeven made Rico white to further satirize the fascistic messaging.<a href="#cite_note-InverseThemes-201">[181]</a> Franich and <a href="/wiki/The_A.V._Club" title="The A.V. Club">The A.V. Club</a> critic Scott Tobias wrote that the filmmakers portray the main characters as "petty and stupid", but that the film's best joke lies in Rico not being very intelligent but, in turn, becoming the ideal citizen and perfect tool for war, abandoning any personal hopes and dreams outside military life.<a href="#cite_note-EWShowerScene-10">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-AVClub2010-202">[182]</a> Professor <a href="/wiki/Lene_Hansen" title="Lene Hansen">Lene Hansen</a> challenged Verhoeven's assertion that Starship Troopers portrays a feminist fascism in which men and women are treated entirely equally. Focusing on Dizzy, Hansen wrote that while the character is portrayed as equal to and even superior to male characters as an athlete and soldier, seemingly in service to the greater collective, but her dying words imply her actions are motivated by her feelings for Rico and her sacrifice is therefore romantic, conflicting with the film's fascist ideals of collective responsibility and heroic masculinity. Hansen concluded that Starship Troopers ultimately reinforces classical fascist <a href="/wiki/Gender_role" title="Gender role">gender norms</a>, in which men are central to the narrative and women are secondary or serve a supporting role.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHansen2001276%E2%80%93280-203">[183]</a> The propaganda depicted on the "FedNet" uses extreme examples to satirize the UCF, such as children holding weapons or stamping on cockroaches while an adult looks on happily, as well as slogans such as "Join the mobile infantry and save the world" and "Service guarantees citizenship".<a href="#cite_note-ColliderRetro-204">[184]</a><a href="#cite_note-ViceRetro-205">[185]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams200939-206">[186]</a> Writer Darren Mooney considered the FedNet to be prescient of the increasing prominence of <a href="/wiki/Fake_news" title="Fake news">fake news</a>, presenting stories that those in positions of power want the populace to see, emphasizing patriotism and duty, while offering an illusion of choice and enlightenment by asking: "Would you like to know more?"<a href="#cite_note-EscapistRetro-34">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-AVClub2010-202">[182]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECrim200923-207">[187]</a> Verhoeven said the query begs the question: "Do you want this type of society? Do you want to dive even further into this system that already exists in America?"<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGu%C3%A9ret2016127%E2%80%93128-208">[188]</a> The youth are indoctrinated through these slogans and propaganda, and information relating to the Arachnids is intended to provoke a xenophobic response, both convincing the protagonists that their cause is righteous and presenting the Arachnids as inferior.<a href="#cite_note-TheAtlanticMisunderstood-20">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-DOGAds-146">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-AVClubDecade-209">[189]</a> The A.V. Club wrote that Starship Troopers presents a society that has been convinced to trade its freedoms, rights, and identities for security.<a href="#cite_note-AVClubBestof1990s-210">[190]</a> Starship Troopers is also Verhoeven's response to events he perceived in contemporary American politics, such as limited gun restrictions and an increase of capital punishment, which he believed could eventually result in open fascism, as well as films that glorified the U.S. military and depicted a casual attitude to violence.<a href="#cite_note-213">[r]</a> Franich found similarities between Starship Troopers and the action film <a href="/wiki/Top_Gun" title="Top Gun">Top Gun</a> (1986), which follows physically strong, young, and attractive <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a> pilots combating a vague enemy. Several action films from the 1990s, such as Independence Day (1996) and Air Force One (1997), offered similarly jingoistic pro-American and pro-military messages.<a href="#cite_note-EWShowerScene-10">[9]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citizenship_and_violence">Citizenship and violence</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Citizenship and violence" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> In the militaristic society depicted in Starship Troopers, many rights are reserved only for citizens comprising only those who have served in the military. Voting is presented as an act of force and supreme authority, a right that must be earned instead of given.<a href="#cite_note-TheVergeRetro-4">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-EWShowerScene-10">[9]</a> Rasczak tells his students: "Violence has resolved more conflicts than anything else. The contrary opinion that violence doesn't solve anything is merely wishful thinking at worst."<a href="#cite_note-AVClubDecade-209">[189]</a> The boot camp shower scene involves several characters discussing their reason for enlistment, such as being able to serve as a politician, have children, receive a scholarship, or just not having to work on a farm.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199778-9">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-EWShowerScene-10">[9]</a> Verhoeven said that the purpose of the scene—one of Starship Troopers's most infamous—is that since all of the characters are fascists, they have no libido and do not react to each other's exposure, instead only discussing their careers and combat.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireDutch-46">[44]</a> The nudity was criticized, but Verhoeven believed it was hypocritical to focus on sexual scenes while allowing the depiction of extreme violence.<a href="#cite_note-EmpireDutch-46">[44]</a> The film professor Florentine Strzelczyk opined that the infantry's sexual energy is redirected into an "orgasmic" violent display of fluids, guts, and gore.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStrzelczyk200897-214">[193]</a> The author Leighton Grist wrote that citizenship being a requirement for most procreation is similar to fascist policies of <a href="/wiki/Eugenics" title="Eugenics">eugenics</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrist2018116-215">[194]</a> Although humanity is mainly presented as victims of the Arachnid threat, aspects of Starship Troopers reveal that humanity may have instigated the conflict by invading Arachnid worlds, and the creatures are defending themselves.<a href="#cite_note-CBRRetro-14">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-TheAtlanticMisunderstood-20">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-SalonORourke-216">[195]</a> The Arachnid's asteroid that strikes Earth is used to justify a <a href="/wiki/Total_war" title="Total war">full-scale war</a>.<a href="#cite_note-CBRRetro-14">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-SalonORourke-216">[195]</a> In her analysis, Strzelczyk identified critical commentary of the war provided by a journalist who queries if humans provoked the Arachnids and whether both species should leave the other alone. However, when the journalist is killed by an Arachnid in a bloody display, his critique is visually erased and his reconciliatory opinion invalidated.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStrzelczyk200894-217">[196]</a> Starship Troopers presents a cycle of war, in which Earth's youths are emboldened by the propaganda slogans to become readily disposable infantry.<a href="#cite_note-TheAtlanticMisunderstood-20">[19]</a> These soldiers' orders are to kill anything inhuman and strategic failures are solved by using more soldiers.<a href="#cite_note-ColliderRetro-204">[184]</a> The writer Lloyd Farley considered the gory and explicit scenes depicting the dead as being intended to overtly display the "horrors of war" in a society solely dedicated to conflict.<a href="#cite_note-ColliderRetro-204">[184]</a> The countless soldier deaths on Planet P are quickly forgotten as troops celebrate their victory and capture of the Brain Bug, with the potential promise this will lead to the end of the war, but no actual conclusion is offered.<a href="#cite_note-CBRFascism-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-CBRRetro-14">[13]</a> The Brain Bug suggests the Arachnids are not significantly different to and are justified in exterminating humanity to preserve their own race.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWhitehall2003182%E2%80%93183-218">[197]</a> This violence is reinforced with rewards, such as Rico's repeated promotions, but these openings often arise because his predecessor was killed.<a href="#cite_note-CBRFascism-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-AVClub2010-202">[182]</a> Starship Troopers culminates with the surviving protagonists not disagreeing with this system or choosing to fight against it, but becoming a part of it by appearing in recruitment propaganda to enlist the next generation of troops.<a href="#cite_note-CBRRetro-14">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-TheAtlanticMisunderstood-20">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-ColliderRetro-204">[184]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Legacy" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Critical_reassessment">Critical reassessment</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Critical reassessment" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> In a 2013 retrospective by <a href="/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic">The Atlantic</a>, critic Calum Marsh said that while Starship Troopers's critical reputation had not improved significantly since its release, it was gradually shifting in a positive direction, with some critics and writers considering it an "unsung masterpiece".<a href="#cite_note-TheAtlanticMisunderstood-20">[19]</a> Other retrospective analyses, from the early 2000s to the 2020s, described it as among the most subversive and misunderstood Hollywood studio films ever made, undermined by critics and audiences who misinterpreted the anti-fascist satire as an endorsement.<a href="#cite_note-221">[s]</a> The Atlantic and <a href="/wiki/The_Verge" title="The Verge">The Verge</a> in 2020, described it as an obvious satire, in hindsight, that was released at the wrong time, amid an era of prosperity in the United States during the late 1990s when American audiences may not have seen, or wanted to see, the criticisms of their own society. The marketing was also blamed, which presented Starship Troopers as a typical science fiction action film, making it easy for audiences not expecting satire to misinterpret it.<a href="#cite_note-TheVergeRetro-4">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-TheAtlanticMisunderstood-20">[19]</a> Other publications argued that Starship Troopers was an example of <a href="/wiki/Poe%27s_law" title="Poe's law">Poe's law</a>, where views are presented to such an extreme that it becomes impossible for audiences to understand if it is parody or serious.<a href="#cite_note-SyFyRetro-30">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-EscapistRetro-34">[32]</a> A 2024 analysis by <a href="/wiki/Vice_(magazine)" title="Vice (magazine)">Vice</a> described the modern discourse as divided between those who praise Starship Troopers's satire, and those who believe that, despite the satire, the film ultimately glorifies the "Aryan characters, their militarized society, and their fight against the supposedly inhuman bugs."<a href="#cite_note-ViceRetro2024-222">[200]</a> Opinions on the film changed alongside societal shifts, making the satire more obvious, particularly in the 2010s as its critiques of right-wing militarism, the <a href="/wiki/Military%E2%80%93industrial_complex" title="Military–industrial complex">military–industrial complex</a>, reactionary violence, and American jingoism made it seem ahead of its time.<a href="#cite_note-TheVergeRetro-4">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-TheAtlanticMisunderstood-20">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-EscapistRetro-34">[32]</a> In a 2020 retrospective for <a href="/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker">The New Yorker</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Roth_(writer)" title="David Roth (writer)">David Roth</a> argued that Starship Troopers's message had become more meaningful because it presents a narrative in which humanity, built on a culture of fascism and violence, "gets its ass kicked", and its only solution is to inflict more violence, to little success. Roth further contrasted the culture of violence to contemporary <a href="/wiki/Police_brutality" title="Police brutality">police brutality</a> against peaceful protests or government attempts to defeat the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a> through sheer will.<a href="#cite_note-TheVergeRetro-4">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-NewYorkerRetro-5">[4]</a> Starship Troopers is now considered a <a href="/wiki/Cult_following" title="Cult following">cult classic</a>.<a href="#cite_note-224">[t]</a> Some publications have listed it among the best science fiction films ever made,<a href="#cite_note-228">[u]</a> and as one of the best films of the 1990s.<a href="#cite_note-233">[v]</a> In 2021, the <a href="/wiki/British_Film_Institute" title="British Film Institute">British Film Institute</a> (BFI) named it one of the ten greatest science fiction adaptations.<a href="#cite_note-BFIGreatAdapt-234">[209]</a> Review aggregator <a href="/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a> offers a 72% approval rating from the aggregated reviews of 81 critics, with an average score of 6.5/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "A fun movie...if you can accept the excessive gore and wooden acting."<a href="#cite_note-RottenTomatoes-235">[210]</a> The film has a score of 51 out of 100 on <a href="/wiki/Metacritic" title="Metacritic">Metacritic</a> based on 20 critics' reviews, indicating "mixed or average reviews".<a href="#cite_note-Metacritic-236">[211]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cultural_influence">Cultural influence</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Cultural influence" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Starship Troopers has continued to generate interest in the decades since its release because of elements which came to reflect future events, such as the <a href="/wiki/September_11_attacks" title="September 11 attacks">September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks</a>, and the subsequent actions of the U.S. government and president George W. Bush to convince the American people to surrender certain liberties to enable the subsequent <a href="/wiki/War_on_terror" title="War on terror">war on terror</a> and defeat their enemies.<a href="#cite_note-SyFyRetro-30">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-AVClub2010-202">[182]</a> Retrospectives in the late 2010s and early 2020s have described how a contemporary rise in fascist activity in the U.S. had made Starship Troopers seem prescient and more of a warning than satire.<a href="#cite_note-SyFyRetro-30">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-ColliderRetro-204">[184]</a><a href="#cite_note-DOGVerhoevenInt-211">[191]</a> The A.V. Club described Starship Troopers as a "brilliant dissection" of wars and how propaganda is used to justify young people being sent to their deaths against a <a href="/wiki/Dehumanization" title="Dehumanization">dehumanized enemy</a>.<a href="#cite_note-AVClub2010-202">[182]</a><a href="#cite_note-ColliderRetro-204">[184]</a> A 2020 retrospective by <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a> suggested that, with hindsight, Starship Troopers formed the final installment of Verhoeven's unofficial science fiction action film trilogy about authoritarian governance, preceded by RoboCop (1987) and Total Recall (1990).<a href="#cite_note-TheGuardianREtro-237">[212]</a> Empire called it the true spiritual successor to RoboCop's "savage satire" and "gonzo violence", unlike that film's own sequels.<a href="#cite_note-ActionEmpire2016-238">[213]</a> Verhoeven followed Starship Troopers with the 2000 science fiction horror <a href="/wiki/Hollow_Man" title="Hollow Man">Hollow Man</a>, a film that he believed lacked his own personal style as he acquiesced to studio demands. Disillusioned with the Hollywood <a href="/wiki/Studio_system" title="Studio system">studio system</a>, and compounded by the failures of Showgirls and Starship Troopers, Verhoeven returned to Europe to work outside of the Hollywood studio system, going on to earn acclaim for his subsequent works, such as <a href="/wiki/Black_Book_(film)" title="Black Book (film)">Black Book</a> (2006) and <a href="/wiki/Elle_(film)" title="Elle (film)">Elle</a> (2016).<a href="#cite_note-SyFyRetro-30">[29]</a> In 2015, Van Dien remarked: "There has not been a week in my life since I did [Starship Troopers] where I can go down the street without someone going 'Rico!'"<a href="#cite_note-SyFyRetro-30">[29]</a> Richards has said she loved her character and how people responded to her as a strong female character.<a href="#cite_note-GuardianHowwemade-22">[21]</a> Several filmmakers and some actors have named it as an influence or among their favorite films, including <a href="/wiki/Ari_Aster" title="Ari Aster">Ari Aster</a>, <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Brown_(film_director)" title="Margaret Brown (film director)">Margaret Brown</a>, <a href="/wiki/Macaulay_Culkin" title="Macaulay Culkin">Macaulay Culkin</a>,<a href="#cite_note-VultureCulkin-239">[214]</a> <a href="/wiki/Takashi_Miike" title="Takashi Miike">Takashi Miike</a>,<a href="#cite_note-FarOutMiike-240">[215]</a> <a href="/wiki/David_Lowery_(director)" title="David Lowery (director)">David Lowery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Rodriguez" title="Robert Rodriguez">Robert Rodriguez</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eli_Roth" title="Eli Roth">Eli Roth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Riley_Stearns" title="Riley Stearns">Riley Stearns</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quentin_Tarantino" title="Quentin Tarantino">Quentin Tarantino</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Wan" title="James Wan">James Wan</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Wright" title="Edgar Wright">Edgar Wright</a>.<a href="#cite_note-IndieWire90sPros-241">[216]</a><a href="#cite_note-Inverse2021TVSeries-242">[217]</a><a href="#cite_note-PCGamer-243">[218]</a> Slogans used in the film, such as "I'm doing my part!" and "Would you like to know more?", have become part of the cultural lexicon.<a href="#cite_note-SyFyRetro-30">[29]</a> The film's influence can also be seen in other media, such as the animated <a href="/wiki/Futurama" title="Futurama">Futurama</a> ("<a href="/wiki/War_Is_the_H-Word" title="War Is the H-Word">War Is the H-Word</a>", 2000),<a href="#cite_note-Futurama-244">[219]</a> the anime <a href="/wiki/Kaguya-sama:_Love_Is_War_(TV_series)" title="Kaguya-sama: Love Is War (TV series)">Kaguya-sama: Love Is War</a> (2019–2022),<a href="#cite_note-InfAnime-245">[220]</a> and the video game <a href="/wiki/Helldivers_2" title="Helldivers 2">Helldivers 2</a> (2024).<a href="#cite_note-InfHelldivers-246">[221]</a> The popularity of Helldivers 2 led to a resurgence of interest in Starship Troopers.<a href="#cite_note-Helldivers1-247">[222]</a><a href="#cite_note-HellDivers2-248">[223]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"><h2 id="Sequels_and_remake">Sequels and remake</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Sequels and remake" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Starship_Troopers_(franchise)" title="Starship Troopers (franchise)">Starship Troopers (franchise)</a></div> Verhoeven had never developed a sequel to his films, but he was interested in directing a second Starship Troopers installment.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimesNov1097-117">[109]</a> The relative failure of Starship Troopers derailed plans for a theatrical sequel and Verhoeven moved on to other projects.<a href="#cite_note-SyFyRetro-30">[29]</a> Starship Troopers was followed by two low-budget, <a href="/wiki/Direct-to-video" title="Direct-to-video">direct-to-home media</a> sequels. The first, <a href="/wiki/Starship_Troopers_2:_Hero_of_the_Federation" title="Starship Troopers 2: Hero of the Federation">Starship Troopers 2: Hero of the Federation</a> (2004), was directed by Tippett from a script by Neumeier and followed new characters. Neumeier wrote and directed the second sequel, <a href="/wiki/Starship_Troopers_3:_Marauder" title="Starship Troopers 3: Marauder">Starship Troopers 3: Marauder</a> (2008), for which Van Dien reprised his role as Rico.<a href="#cite_note-SyFyRetro-30">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-SlashFilmSequels-223">[201]</a> The series narrative was continued in two CGI animated films: <a href="/wiki/Starship_Troopers:_Invasion" title="Starship Troopers: Invasion">Starship Troopers: Invasion</a> (2012) sees the return of Rico, Jenkins, and Ibanez (with different voice actors), while <a href="/wiki/Starship_Troopers:_Traitor_of_Mars" title="Starship Troopers: Traitor of Mars">Starship Troopers: Traitor of Mars</a> (2017) was written by Neumeier and features voice acting by Van Dien and Meyer.<a href="#cite_note-SyFyRetro-30">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-THRTraitor-249">[224]</a><a href="#cite_note-IGNInvasion-250">[225]</a> In the early 2010s, it was reported that the film series could be <a href="/wiki/Reboot_(fiction)" title="Reboot (fiction)">rebooted</a> to more closely align with Heinlein's novel; there have been no updates since 2016.<a href="#cite_note-SyFyRetro-30">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireReboot-251">[226]</a><a href="#cite_note-THRReboot-252">[227]</a> Verhoeven was unhappy with the concept.<a href="#cite_note-SyFyRetro-30">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-RollingStoneVerho2016-75">[71]</a> In 2021, Van Dien said a television adaptation was being considered by <a href="/wiki/Sony_Pictures_Television" title="Sony Pictures Television">Sony Pictures Television</a>, although talks had stalled because of the COVID-19 pandemic.<a href="#cite_note-Inverse2021TVSeries-242">[217]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(10)"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Footnotes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-10 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-10"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-roman"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> In the director's commentary available on the Starship Troopers DVD release, Paul Verhoeven states the film takes place in the 23rd century.<a href="#cite_note-ScreenRant15Things-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-CBRFascism-2">[2]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> The 1997 production budget of $100–$110 million is equivalent to $190 million–$209 million in 2023. </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a> The 1997 theatrical box office gross of $121 million is equivalent to $230 million in 2023. </li> </ol></div></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(11)"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Notes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-11 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-11"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> Attributed to multiple references:<a href="#cite_note-NewYorkerRetro-5">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-GuardianHowwemade-22">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon19979%E2%80%9310-29">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-SyFyRetro-30">[29]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> Attributed to multiple references:<a href="#cite_note-NewYorkerRetro-5">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-CBRRetro-14">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-DeadspinRetro-19">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-GuardianHowwemade-22">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-ScreenRantRetro-26">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireDutch-46">[44]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> Attributed to multiple references:<a href="#cite_note-CBRRetro-14">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997vii-23">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-SyFyRetro-30">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireDutch-46">[44]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a> Attributed to multiple references:<a href="#cite_note-NewYorkerRetro-5">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-GuardianHowwemade-22">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-AVClubVerhoevenInt-74">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-RollingStoneVerho2016-75">[71]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> Attributed to multiple references:<a href="#cite_note-TheVergeRetro-4">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-CBRRetro-14">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-SyFyRetro-30">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireDutch-46">[44]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> Attributed to multiple references:<a href="#cite_note-CBRRetro-14">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-LATimesSep1996-21">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-GuardianHowwemade-22">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-62">[58]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> Attributed to multiple references:<a href="#cite_note-EmpireDutch-46">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-ASCMag-62">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-StrangeHorizons-70">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997150-95">[89]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a> Attributed to multiple references:<a href="#cite_note-TheVergeRetro-4">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-NewYorkerRetro-5">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-TheAtlanticMisunderstood-20">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-ScreenRantRetro-26">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireDutch-46">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimesNov1097-117">[109]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a> Attributed to multiple references:<a href="#cite_note-TheAtlanticMisunderstood-20">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireDutch-46">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-AVClubVerhoevenInt-74">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-DOGAds-146">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReviewEmpire-147">[136]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a> Attributed to multiple references:<a href="#cite_note-SyFyRetro-30">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireDutch-46">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-AVClubVerhoevenInt-74">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-DOGAds-146">[135]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a> Attributed to multiple references:<a href="#cite_note-ReviewEmpire-147">[136]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReviewLATimes-157">[144]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReviewRosenbaum-159">[146]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReviewSFGate-160">[147]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a> Attributed to multiple references:<a href="#cite_note-TheVergeRetro-4">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-NewYorkerRetro-5">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-TheAtlanticMisunderstood-20">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-SyFyRetro-30">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-ScreenRantWhyitfailed-167">[153]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a> Attributed to multiple references:<a href="#cite_note-TheVergeRetro-4">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-NewYorkerRetro-5">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-TheAtlanticMisunderstood-20">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-SyFyRetro-30">[29]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-194"><a href="#cite_ref-194">^</a> Attributed to multiple references:<a href="#cite_note-CBRRetro-14">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997vii-23">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-ScreenRantRetro-26">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-SyFyRetro-30">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireDutch-46">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-DOGAds-146">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-ScreenRantAds-192">[176]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShippey20002-193">[177]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-195"><a href="#cite_ref-195">^</a> Attributed to multiple references:<a href="#cite_note-NewYorkerRetro-5">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-CBRRetro-14">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-DeadspinRetro-19">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-GuardianHowwemade-22">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997vii-23">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-ScreenRantRetro-26">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-SyFyRetro-30">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmpireDutch-46">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-DOGAds-146">[135]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-198"><a href="#cite_ref-198">^</a> Attributed to multiple references:<a href="#cite_note-NewYorkerRetro-5">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-EWShowerScene-10">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-GuardianHowwemade-22">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-DOGAds-146">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-EWNazi-196">[178]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-199"><a href="#cite_ref-199">^</a> Attributed to multiple references:<a href="#cite_note-TheAtlanticMisunderstood-20">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-DOGAds-146">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-ScreenRantAds-192">[176]</a><a href="#cite_note-EWNazi-196">[178]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-213"><a href="#cite_ref-213">^</a> Attributed to multiple references:<a href="#cite_note-GuardianHowwemade-22">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-ScreenRantRetro-26">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-DOGAds-146">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-DOGVerhoevenInt-211">[191]</a><a href="#cite_note-BestSciFiPaste-212">[192]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-221"><a href="#cite_ref-221">^</a> Attributed to multiple references:<a href="#cite_note-CBRRetro-14">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-TheAtlanticMisunderstood-20">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-SyFyRetro-30">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-EscapistRetro-34">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-ScreenRantAds-192">[176]</a><a href="#cite_note-AVClub2010-202">[182]</a><a href="#cite_note-AVClubDecade-209">[189]</a><a href="#cite_note-ScreenRant90s-219">[198]</a><a href="#cite_note-AVClub90s-220">[199]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-224"><a href="#cite_ref-224">^</a> Attributed to multiple references:<a href="#cite_note-NewYorkerRetro-5">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-TheAtlanticMisunderstood-20">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-ScreenRantRetro-26">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-SyFyRetro-30">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-SlashFilmSequels-223">[201]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-228"><a href="#cite_ref-228">^</a> Attributed to multiple references:<a href="#cite_note-TheAtlanticMisunderstood-20">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-BestSciFiPaste-212">[192]</a><a href="#cite_note-BestSciFiIGN-225">[202]</a><a href="#cite_note-BestSciFiRT-226">[203]</a><a href="#cite_note-BestSciFiThrillist-227">[204]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-233"><a href="#cite_ref-233">^</a> Attributed to multiple references:<a href="#cite_note-TheAtlanticMisunderstood-20">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-AVClubBestof1990s-210">[190]</a><a href="#cite_note-AVClub90s-220">[199]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bestof90sRollingStone-229">[205]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bestof90sSlant-230">[206]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bestof90sTimeout-231">[207]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bestof90sIndieWire-232">[208]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(12)"><h2 id="References">References</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-12 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-12"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Citations" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ScreenRant15Things-1"><a href="#cite_ref-ScreenRant15Things_1-0">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFPierce-Bohen2020" class="citation web cs1">Pierce-Bohen, Kayleena (July 18, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://screenrant.com/starship-troopers-things-havent-aged-well/">"15 Things About Starship Troopers That Haven't Aged Well"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Screen_Rant" title="Screen Rant">Screen Rant</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220403215109/https://screenrant.com/starship-troopers-things-havent-aged-well/">Archived</a> from the original on April 3, 2022. Retrieved April 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Screen+Rant&rft.atitle=15+Things+About+Starship+Troopers+That+Haven%27t+Aged+Well&rft.date=2020-07-18&rft.aulast=Pierce-Bohen&rft.aufirst=Kayleena&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscreenrant.com%2Fstarship-troopers-things-havent-aged-well%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-CBRFascism-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CBRFascism_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CBRFascism_2-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CBRFascism_2-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWasserman2020" class="citation web cs1">Wasserman, Ben (August 22, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbr.com/how-starship-troopers-satirizes-fascism-war-media-misinformation/">"How Starship Troopers Satirizes Fascism, War & Misinformation By Making It Fun"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Comic_Book_Resources" title="Comic Book Resources">Comic Book Resources</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220703185045/https://www.cbr.com/how-starship-troopers-satirizes-fascism-war-media-misinformation/">Archived</a> from the original on July 3, 2022. Retrieved August 11, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Comic+Book+Resources&rft.atitle=How+Starship+Troopers+Satirizes+Fascism%2C+War+%26+Misinformation+By+Making+It+Fun&rft.date=2020-08-22&rft.aulast=Wasserman&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbr.com%2Fhow-starship-troopers-satirizes-fascism-war-media-misinformation%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TheVergeRetro-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TheVergeRetro_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheVergeRetro_4-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheVergeRetro_4-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheVergeRetro_4-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheVergeRetro_4-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheVergeRetro_4-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheVergeRetro_4-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheVergeRetro_4-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheVergeRetro_4-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheVergeRetro_4-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheVergeRetro_4-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheVergeRetro_4-11">l</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRivera2020" class="citation web cs1">Rivera, Joshua (July 10, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/21319886/starship-troopers-movie-yesterdays-future">"The World Is Finally Coming Around To Starship Troopers"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Verge" title="The Verge">The Verge</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220331193544/https://www.theverge.com/21319886/starship-troopers-movie-yesterdays-future">Archived</a> from the original on March 31, 2022. Retrieved April 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Verge&rft.atitle=The+World+Is+Finally+Coming+Around+To+Starship+Troopers&rft.date=2020-07-10&rft.aulast=Rivera&rft.aufirst=Joshua&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theverge.com%2F21319886%2Fstarship-troopers-movie-yesterdays-future&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NewYorkerRetro-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NewYorkerRetro_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NewYorkerRetro_5-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NewYorkerRetro_5-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NewYorkerRetro_5-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NewYorkerRetro_5-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NewYorkerRetro_5-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NewYorkerRetro_5-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NewYorkerRetro_5-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NewYorkerRetro_5-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NewYorkerRetro_5-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NewYorkerRetro_5-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NewYorkerRetro_5-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NewYorkerRetro_5-12">m</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NewYorkerRetro_5-13">n</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NewYorkerRetro_5-14">o</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NewYorkerRetro_5-15">p</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NewYorkerRetro_5-16">q</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoth2020" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Roth_(writer)" title="David Roth (writer)">Roth, David</a> (July 6, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newyorker.com/culture/culture-desk/how-starship-troopers-aligns-with-our-moment-of-american-defeat">"How "Starship Troopers" Aligns With Our Moment Of American Defeat"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker">The New Yorker</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220802174112/https://www.newyorker.com/culture/culture-desk/how-starship-troopers-aligns-with-our-moment-of-american-defeat">Archived</a> from the original on August 2, 2022. Retrieved April 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+Yorker&rft.atitle=How+%22Starship+Troopers%22+Aligns+With+Our+Moment+Of+American+Defeat&rft.date=2020-07-06&rft.aulast=Roth&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newyorker.com%2Fculture%2Fculture-desk%2Fhow-starship-troopers-aligns-with-our-moment-of-american-defeat&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ScreenRantWherearethey-6">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ScreenRantWherearethey_6-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ScreenRantWherearethey_6-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ScreenRantWherearethey_6-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ScreenRantWherearethey_6-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ScreenRantWherearethey_6-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ScreenRantWherearethey_6-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ScreenRantWherearethey_6-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ScreenRantWherearethey_6-7">h</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeresford2017" class="citation web cs1">Beresford, Jack (May 26, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220414211614/https://screenrant.com/starship-troopers-cast-20th-anniversary-where-are-they-now/">"Where Are They Now? The Cast Of Starship Troopers"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Screen_Rant" title="Screen Rant">Screen Rant</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://screenrant.com/starship-troopers-cast-20th-anniversary-where-are-they-now/">the original</a> on April 14, 2022. Retrieved April 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Screen+Rant&rft.atitle=Where+Are+They+Now%3F+The+Cast+Of+Starship+Troopers&rft.date=2017-05-26&rft.aulast=Beresford&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscreenrant.com%2Fstarship-troopers-cast-20th-anniversary-where-are-they-now%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ScreenRantDizzy-7"><a href="#cite_ref-ScreenRantDizzy_7-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCotter2020" class="citation web cs1">Cotter, Padraig (March 24, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://screenrant.com/dina-meyer-starship-troopers-movie-best-character/">"Dina Meyer's Dizzy Is The Best Character In Starship Troopers"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Screen_Rant" title="Screen Rant">Screen Rant</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220414210848/https://screenrant.com/dina-meyer-starship-troopers-movie-best-character/">Archived</a> from the original on April 14, 2022. Retrieved April 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Screen+Rant&rft.atitle=Dina+Meyer%27s+Dizzy+Is+The+Best+Character+In+Starship+Troopers&rft.date=2020-03-24&rft.aulast=Cotter&rft.aufirst=Padraig&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscreenrant.com%2Fdina-meyer-starship-troopers-movie-best-character%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-WaPoReviewKempley-8"><a href="#cite_ref-WaPoReviewKempley_8-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKempley1997" class="citation web cs1">Kempley, Rita (November 7, 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/style/longterm/movies/videos/starshiptrooperskemp.htm">"Starship Troopers: A Slew Of Beauties Bash Big Bugs"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20220822172705/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/style/longterm/movies/videos/starshiptrooperskemp.htm">Archived</a> from the original on August 22, 2022. Retrieved April 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers%3A+A+Slew+Of+Beauties+Bash+Big+Bugs&rft.date=1997-11-07&rft.aulast=Kempley&rft.aufirst=Rita&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-srv%2Fstyle%2Flongterm%2Fmovies%2Fvideos%2Fstarshiptrooperskemp.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199778-9">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199778_9-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199778_9-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199778_9-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 78. </li> <li id="cite_note-EWShowerScene-10">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EWShowerScene_10-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EWShowerScene_10-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EWShowerScene_10-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EWShowerScene_10-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EWShowerScene_10-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EWShowerScene_10-5">f</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFranich2017" class="citation web cs1">Franich, Darren (November 7, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ew.com/movies/2017/11/07/starship-troopers-shower-scene-fascism/">"'Starship Troopers' Turns 20: A Look Back At That Famous Shower Scene"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Entertainment_Weekly" title="Entertainment Weekly">Entertainment Weekly</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220416204214/https://ew.com/movies/2017/11/07/starship-troopers-shower-scene-fascism/">Archived</a> from the original on April 16, 2022. Retrieved August 11, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Entertainment+Weekly&rft.atitle=%27Starship+Troopers%27+Turns+20%3A+A+Look+Back+At+That+Famous+Shower+Scene&rft.date=2017-11-07&rft.aulast=Franich&rft.aufirst=Darren&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Few.com%2Fmovies%2F2017%2F11%2F07%2Fstarship-troopers-shower-scene-fascism%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BFICast-11">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BFICast_11-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BFICast_11-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220405221647/https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b7eadb61d">"Starship Troopers (1997)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/British_Film_Institute" title="British Film Institute">British Film Institute</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b7eadb61d">the original</a> on April 5, 2022. Retrieved April 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=British+Film+Institute&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers+%281997%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww2.bfi.org.uk%2Ffilms-tv-people%2F4ce2b7eadb61d&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199785,_95-12"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199785,_95_12-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 85, 95. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199796-13"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199796_13-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 96. </li> <li id="cite_note-CBRRetro-14">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CBRRetro_14-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CBRRetro_14-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CBRRetro_14-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CBRRetro_14-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CBRRetro_14-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CBRRetro_14-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CBRRetro_14-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CBRRetro_14-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CBRRetro_14-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CBRRetro_14-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CBRRetro_14-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CBRRetro_14-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CBRRetro_14-12">m</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CBRRetro_14-13">n</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CBRRetro_14-14">o</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CBRRetro_14-15">p</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CBRRetro_14-16">q</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CBRRetro_14-17">r</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CBRRetro_14-18">s</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CBRRetro_14-19">t</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CBRRetro_14-20">u</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CBRRetro_14-21">v</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMitchell2018" class="citation web cs1">Mitchell, Nigel (September 3, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbr.com/starship-troopers-unknown/">"Starship Troopers: 20 Things Even Hardcore Fans Don't Know"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Comic_Book_Resources" title="Comic Book Resources">Comic Book Resources</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220414202914/https://www.cbr.com/starship-troopers-unknown/">Archived</a> from the original on April 14, 2022. Retrieved August 11, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Comic+Book+Resources&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers%3A+20+Things+Even+Hardcore+Fans+Don%27t+Know&rft.date=2018-09-03&rft.aulast=Mitchell&rft.aufirst=Nigel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbr.com%2Fstarship-troopers-unknown%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Omundson-15"><a href="#cite_ref-Omundson_15-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarris2020" class="citation web cs1">Harris, Will (July 15, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.avclub.com/timothy-omundson-on-his-seinfeld-start-and-getting-back-1844335402">"Timothy Omundson On His Seinfeld Start And Getting Back To Psych After Surviving A Stroke"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_A.V._Club" title="The A.V. Club">The A.V. Club</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221218222058/https://www.avclub.com/timothy-omundson-on-his-seinfeld-start-and-getting-back-1844335402">Archived</a> from the original on December 18, 2022. Retrieved August 28, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+A.V.+Club&rft.atitle=Timothy+Omundson+On+His+Seinfeld+Start+And+Getting+Back+To+Psych+After+Surviving+A+Stroke&rft.date=2020-07-15&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=Will&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.avclub.com%2Ftimothy-omundson-on-his-seinfeld-start-and-getting-back-1844335402&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997101-16">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon1997101_16-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon1997101_16-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon1997101_16-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 101. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon19975-17"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon19975_17-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 5. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon19976-18">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon19976_18-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon19976_18-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon19976_18-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon19976_18-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 6. </li> <li id="cite_note-DeadspinRetro-19">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DeadspinRetro_19-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DeadspinRetro_19-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DeadspinRetro_19-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DeadspinRetro_19-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DeadspinRetro_19-4">e</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBreihan2015" class="citation web cs1">Breihan, Tom (November 20, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deadspin.com/the-grisly-goofy-starship-troopers-played-dumb-to-make-1741600229">"The Grisly, Goofy Starship Troopers Played Dumb To Make Hollywood Look Even Dumber"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Deadspin" title="Deadspin">Deadspin</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220508132413/https://deadspin.com/the-grisly-goofy-starship-troopers-played-dumb-to-make-1741600229">Archived</a> from the original on May 8, 2022. Retrieved April 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deadspin&rft.atitle=The+Grisly%2C+Goofy+Starship+Troopers+Played+Dumb+To+Make+Hollywood+Look+Even+Dumber&rft.date=2015-11-20&rft.aulast=Breihan&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdeadspin.com%2Fthe-grisly-goofy-starship-troopers-played-dumb-to-make-1741600229&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TheAtlanticMisunderstood-20">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TheAtlanticMisunderstood_20-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheAtlanticMisunderstood_20-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheAtlanticMisunderstood_20-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheAtlanticMisunderstood_20-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheAtlanticMisunderstood_20-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheAtlanticMisunderstood_20-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheAtlanticMisunderstood_20-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheAtlanticMisunderstood_20-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheAtlanticMisunderstood_20-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheAtlanticMisunderstood_20-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheAtlanticMisunderstood_20-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheAtlanticMisunderstood_20-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheAtlanticMisunderstood_20-12">m</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheAtlanticMisunderstood_20-13">n</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheAtlanticMisunderstood_20-14">o</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheAtlanticMisunderstood_20-15">p</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheAtlanticMisunderstood_20-16">q</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarsh2013" class="citation web cs1">Marsh, Calum (November 7, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2013/11/-em-starship-troopers-em-one-of-the-most-misunderstood-movies-ever/281236/">"Starship Troopers: One Of The Most Misunderstood Movies Ever"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic">The Atlantic</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220417143728/https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2013/11/-em-starship-troopers-em-one-of-the-most-misunderstood-movies-ever/281236/">Archived</a> from the original on April 17, 2022. Retrieved April 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Atlantic&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers%3A+One+Of+The+Most+Misunderstood+Movies+Ever&rft.date=2013-11-07&rft.aulast=Marsh&rft.aufirst=Calum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fentertainment%2Farchive%2F2013%2F11%2F-em-starship-troopers-em-one-of-the-most-misunderstood-movies-ever%2F281236%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-LATimesSep1996-21">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LATimesSep1996_21-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LATimesSep1996_21-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LATimesSep1996_21-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LATimesSep1996_21-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LATimesSep1996_21-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LATimesSep1996_21-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LATimesSep1996_21-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LATimesSep1996_21-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LATimesSep1996_21-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LATimesSep1996_21-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LATimesSep1996_21-10">k</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKronke1996" class="citation web cs1">Kronke, David (September 23, 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1996-09-23-ca-46882-story.html">"Attack Of The $100- Million Insects"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220409232226/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1996-09-23-ca-46882-story.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 9, 2022. Retrieved August 5, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Attack+Of+The+%24100-+Million+Insects&rft.date=1996-09-23&rft.aulast=Kronke&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1996-09-23-ca-46882-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-GuardianHowwemade-22">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GuardianHowwemade_22-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GuardianHowwemade_22-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GuardianHowwemade_22-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GuardianHowwemade_22-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GuardianHowwemade_22-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GuardianHowwemade_22-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GuardianHowwemade_22-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GuardianHowwemade_22-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GuardianHowwemade_22-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GuardianHowwemade_22-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GuardianHowwemade_22-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GuardianHowwemade_22-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GuardianHowwemade_22-12">m</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GuardianHowwemade_22-13">n</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GuardianHowwemade_22-14">o</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GuardianHowwemade_22-15">p</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GuardianHowwemade_22-16">q</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GuardianHowwemade_22-17">r</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GuardianHowwemade_22-18">s</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GuardianHowwemade_22-19">t</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GuardianHowwemade_22-20">u</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GuardianHowwemade_22-21">v</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GuardianHowwemade_22-22">w</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GuardianHowwemade_22-23">x</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GuardianHowwemade_22-24">y</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoad2018" class="citation web cs1">Hoad, Phil (January 22, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2018/jan/22/how-we-made-starship-troopers-paul-verhoeven-nazis-leni-riefenstahl">"How We Made Starship Troopers"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220702001106/https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2018/jan/22/how-we-made-starship-troopers-paul-verhoeven-nazis-leni-riefenstahl">Archived</a> from the original on July 2, 2022. Retrieved April 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=How+We+Made+Starship+Troopers&rft.date=2018-01-22&rft.aulast=Hoad&rft.aufirst=Phil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fculture%2F2018%2Fjan%2F22%2Fhow-we-made-starship-troopers-paul-verhoeven-nazis-leni-riefenstahl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997vii-23">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon1997vii_23-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon1997vii_23-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon1997vii_23-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon1997vii_23-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. vii. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon19976–7-24"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon19976%E2%80%937_24-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 6–7. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon19977-25">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon19977_25-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon19977_25-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 7. </li> <li id="cite_note-ScreenRantRetro-26">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ScreenRantRetro_26-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ScreenRantRetro_26-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ScreenRantRetro_26-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ScreenRantRetro_26-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ScreenRantRetro_26-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ScreenRantRetro_26-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ScreenRantRetro_26-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ScreenRantRetro_26-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ScreenRantRetro_26-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ScreenRantRetro_26-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ScreenRantRetro_26-10">k</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeininger2020" class="citation web cs1">Deininger, Keith (June 5, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://screenrant.com/starship-troopers-movie-meaning-fascism-military-explained/">"Starship Troopers' Secret Meaning Explained: What It Was Really About"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Screen_Rant" title="Screen Rant">Screen Rant</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220415075847/https://screenrant.com/starship-troopers-movie-meaning-fascism-military-explained/">Archived</a> from the original on April 15, 2022. Retrieved April 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Screen+Rant&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers%27+Secret+Meaning+Explained%3A+What+It+Was+Really+About&rft.date=2020-06-05&rft.aulast=Deininger&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscreenrant.com%2Fstarship-troopers-movie-meaning-fascism-military-explained%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199714-27">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199714_27-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199714_27-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 14. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon19978–10,_14-28"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon19978%E2%80%9310,_14_28-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 8–10, 14. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon19979–10-29"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon19979%E2%80%9310_29-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 9–10. </li> <li id="cite_note-SyFyRetro-30">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SyFyRetro_30-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SyFyRetro_30-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SyFyRetro_30-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SyFyRetro_30-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SyFyRetro_30-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SyFyRetro_30-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SyFyRetro_30-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SyFyRetro_30-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SyFyRetro_30-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SyFyRetro_30-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SyFyRetro_30-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SyFyRetro_30-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SyFyRetro_30-12">m</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SyFyRetro_30-13">n</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SyFyRetro_30-14">o</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SyFyRetro_30-15">p</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SyFyRetro_30-16">q</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SyFyRetro_30-17">r</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SyFyRetro_30-18">s</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SyFyRetro_30-19">t</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SyFyRetro_30-20">u</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SyFyRetro_30-21">v</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SyFyRetro_30-22">w</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SyFyRetro_30-23">x</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SyFyRetro_30-24">y</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SyFyRetro_30-25">z</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SyFyRetro_30-26">aa</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SyFyRetro_30-27">ab</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrierson2020" class="citation web cs1">Grierson, Tim (November 4, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.syfy.com/syfy-wire/this-week-in-genre-history-starship-troopers">"This Week In Genre History: Starship Troopers Was A Bugged-out Critique Of Fascism"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Syfy" title="Syfy">SyFy</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220608002627/https://www.syfy.com/syfy-wire/this-week-in-genre-history-starship-troopers">Archived</a> from the original on June 8, 2022. Retrieved April 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SyFy&rft.atitle=This+Week+In+Genre+History%3A+Starship+Troopers+Was+A+Bugged-out+Critique+Of+Fascism&rft.date=2020-11-04&rft.aulast=Grierson&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.syfy.com%2Fsyfy-wire%2Fthis-week-in-genre-history-starship-troopers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199711–20-32"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199711%E2%80%9320_32-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 11–20. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199710–11-33"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199710%E2%80%9311_33-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 10–11. </li> <li id="cite_note-EscapistRetro-34">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EscapistRetro_34-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EscapistRetro_34-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EscapistRetro_34-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EscapistRetro_34-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EscapistRetro_34-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EscapistRetro_34-5">f</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMooney2020" class="citation web cs1">Mooney, Darren (February 16, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.escapistmagazine.com/starship-troopers-paul-verhoeven/">"Over 20 Years Later, The World Has Finally Caught Up With Starship Troopers"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Escapist_(magazine)" title="The Escapist (magazine)">The Escapist</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220628201747/https://www.escapistmagazine.com/starship-troopers-paul-verhoeven/">Archived</a> from the original on June 28, 2022. Retrieved August 11, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Escapist&rft.atitle=Over+20+Years+Later%2C+The+World+Has+Finally+Caught+Up+With+Starship+Troopers&rft.date=2020-02-16&rft.aulast=Mooney&rft.aufirst=Darren&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.escapistmagazine.com%2Fstarship-troopers-paul-verhoeven%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199716-35">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199716_35-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199716_35-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 16. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199716–17-36"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199716%E2%80%9317_36-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 16–17. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199717-37"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199717_37-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 17. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199718-38">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199718_38-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199718_38-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 18. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199713,_18–19-39"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199713,_18%E2%80%9319_39-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 13, 18–19. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199713-40">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199713_40-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199713_40-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199713_40-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 13. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199719-41">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199719_41-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199719_41-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199719_41-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199719_41-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 19. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199720-42">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199720_42-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199720_42-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 20. </li> <li id="cite_note-LAtimesTouchstoneSony-43">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LAtimesTouchstoneSony_43-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LAtimesTouchstoneSony_43-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LAtimesTouchstoneSony_43-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LAtimesTouchstoneSony_43-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1997-nov-03-ca-49690-story.html">"Hope They Have A Big Enough Tour Bus"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a>. November 3, 1997. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220409151623/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1997-nov-03-ca-49690-story.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 9, 2022. Retrieved August 5, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Hope+They+Have+A+Big+Enough+Tour+Bus&rft.date=1997-11-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1997-nov-03-ca-49690-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon19978–9-44"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon19978%E2%80%939_44-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 8–9. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon19973,_11–12-45"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon19973,_11%E2%80%9312_45-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 3, 11–12. </li> <li id="cite_note-EmpireDutch-46">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EmpireDutch_46-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EmpireDutch_46-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EmpireDutch_46-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EmpireDutch_46-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EmpireDutch_46-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EmpireDutch_46-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EmpireDutch_46-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EmpireDutch_46-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EmpireDutch_46-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EmpireDutch_46-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EmpireDutch_46-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EmpireDutch_46-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EmpireDutch_46-12">m</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EmpireDutch_46-13">n</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EmpireDutch_46-14">o</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EmpireDutch_46-15">p</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EmpireDutch_46-16">q</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EmpireDutch_46-17">r</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EmpireDutch_46-18">s</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmithWilliams2015" class="citation web cs1">Smith, Adam; Williams, Owen (February 12, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.empireonline.com/movies/features/paul-verhoeven/">"Triple Dutch: Paul Verhoeven's Sci-Fi Trilogy"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Empire_(magazine)" title="Empire (magazine)">Empire</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200610185005/https://www.empireonline.com/movies/features/paul-verhoeven/">Archived</a> from the original on June 10, 2020. Retrieved May 25, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Empire&rft.atitle=Triple+Dutch%3A+Paul+Verhoeven%27s+Sci-Fi+Trilogy&rft.date=2015-02-12&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft.au=Williams%2C+Owen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.empireonline.com%2Fmovies%2Ffeatures%2Fpaul-verhoeven%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon19974-47"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon19974_47-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 4. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199712-48">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199712_48-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199712_48-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 12. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199712–13-49"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199712%E2%80%9313_49-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 12–13. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199711-50"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199711_50-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 11. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199730-53">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199730_53-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199730_53-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 30. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199731-54"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199731_54-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 31. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199712,_30–31-55"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199712,_30%E2%80%9331_55-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 12, 30–31. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199732–33-56"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199732%E2%80%9333_56-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 32–33. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199733-57"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199733_57-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 33. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199764-58"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199764_58-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 64. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199719,_39-59"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199719,_39_59-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 19, 39. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199719,_36-60"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199719,_36_60-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 19, 36. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199736-61"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199736_61-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 36. </li> <li id="cite_note-ASCMag-62">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ASCMag_62-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ASCMag_62-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ASCMag_62-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ASCMag_62-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ASCMag_62-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ASCMag_62-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ASCMag_62-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ASCMag_62-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ASCMag_62-8">i</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobley2020" class="citation web cs1">Robley, Les Paul (March 5, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ascmag.com/articles/starship-troopers-interstellar-exterminators">"Starship Troopers: Interstellar Exterminators"</a>. <a href="/wiki/American_Cinematographer" title="American Cinematographer">American Cinematographer</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200614060109/https://ascmag.com/articles/starship-troopers-interstellar-exterminators">Archived</a> from the original on June 14, 2020. Retrieved August 6, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Cinematographer&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers%3A+Interstellar+Exterminators&rft.date=2020-03-05&rft.aulast=Robley&rft.aufirst=Les+Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fascmag.com%2Farticles%2Fstarship-troopers-interstellar-exterminators&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199728,_42-63"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199728,_42_63-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 28, 42. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199742-64"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199742_64-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 42. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199739-65"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199739_65-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 39. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199728-66"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199728_66-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 28. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199724-67"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199724_67-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 24. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199752-68"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199752_68-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 52. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199752–53,_56-69"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199752%E2%80%9353,_56_69-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 52–53, 56. </li> <li id="cite_note-StrangeHorizons-70">^ <a href="#cite_ref-StrangeHorizons_70-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-StrangeHorizons_70-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-StrangeHorizons_70-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-StrangeHorizons_70-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlevins2007" class="citation web cs1">Blevins, Brenta (April 23, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://strangehorizons.com/non-fiction/articles/offworlding-without-leaving-earth-going-on-location-with-starship-troopers/">"Offworlding Without Leaving Earth: Going On Location With Starship Troopers"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Strange_Horizons" title="Strange Horizons">Strange Horizons</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220417211612/http://strangehorizons.com/non-fiction/articles/offworlding-without-leaving-earth-going-on-location-with-starship-troopers/">Archived</a> from the original on April 17, 2022. Retrieved August 11, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Strange+Horizons&rft.atitle=Offworlding+Without+Leaving+Earth%3A+Going+On+Location+With+Starship+Troopers&rft.date=2007-04-23&rft.aulast=Blevins&rft.aufirst=Brenta&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstrangehorizons.com%2Fnon-fiction%2Farticles%2Foffworlding-without-leaving-earth-going-on-location-with-starship-troopers%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199756-71">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199756_71-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199756_71-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199756_71-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199756_71-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 56. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199753-72">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199753_72-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199753_72-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199753_72-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 53. </li> <li id="cite_note-VarietyTango-73"><a href="#cite_ref-VarietyTango_73-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMuttalib1998" class="citation web cs1">Muttalib, Bashirah (July 9, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/1998/voices/columns/warehouse-proves-ready-1117478288/">"Warehouse Proves Ready"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Variety_(magazine)" title="Variety (magazine)">Variety</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220813214301/https://variety.com/1998/voices/columns/warehouse-proves-ready-1117478288/">Archived</a> from the original on August 13, 2022. Retrieved August 13, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Warehouse+Proves+Ready&rft.date=1998-07-09&rft.aulast=Muttalib&rft.aufirst=Bashirah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F1998%2Fvoices%2Fcolumns%2Fwarehouse-proves-ready-1117478288%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-AVClubVerhoevenInt-74">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AVClubVerhoevenInt_74-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AVClubVerhoevenInt_74-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AVClubVerhoevenInt_74-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AVClubVerhoevenInt_74-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTobias2007" class="citation web cs1">Tobias, Scott (March 4, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.avclub.com/paul-verhoeven-1798211089">"Paul Verhoeven"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_A.V._Club" title="The A.V. Club">The A.V. Club</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220429041905/https://www.avclub.com/paul-verhoeven-1798211089">Archived</a> from the original on April 29, 2022. Retrieved August 18, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+A.V.+Club&rft.atitle=Paul+Verhoeven&rft.date=2007-03-04&rft.aulast=Tobias&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.avclub.com%2Fpaul-verhoeven-1798211089&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-RollingStoneVerho2016-75">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RollingStoneVerho2016_75-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-RollingStoneVerho2016_75-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReed2016" class="citation web cs1">Reed, Ryan (November 16, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rollingstone.com/movies/news/starship-troopers-director-remake-fits-trump-presidency-w450823">"Original Starship Troopers Director: Remake Fits Trump Presidency"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210214032231/https://www.rollingstone.com/movies/movie-news/original-starship-troopers-director-remake-fits-trump-presidency-115777/">Archived</a> from the original on February 14, 2021. Retrieved December 20, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rolling+Stone&rft.atitle=Original+Starship+Troopers+Director%3A+Remake+Fits+Trump+Presidency&rft.date=2016-11-16&rft.aulast=Reed&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollingstone.com%2Fmovies%2Fnews%2Fstarship-troopers-director-remake-fits-trump-presidency-w450823&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199742–43-78">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199742%E2%80%9343_78-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199742%E2%80%9343_78-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 42–43. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuéret2016128-79"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGu%C3%A9ret2016128_79-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGu%C3%A9ret2016">Guéret 2016</a>, p. 128. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199746-80"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199746_80-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 46. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199746–47-81"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199746%E2%80%9347_81-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 46–47. </li> <li id="cite_note-EWRichards-82"><a href="#cite_ref-EWRichards_82-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacias2017" class="citation web cs1">Macias, Ernest (November 13, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ew.com/movies/starship-troopers-where-are-they-now/?slide=5788920#5788920">"'Starship Troopers': Where Are They Now?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Entertainment_Weekly" title="Entertainment Weekly">Entertainment Weekly</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220415162217/https://ew.com/movies/starship-troopers-where-are-they-now/?slide=5788920#5788920">Archived</a> from the original on April 15, 2022. Retrieved April 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Entertainment+Weekly&rft.atitle=%27Starship+Troopers%27%3A+Where+Are+They+Now%3F&rft.date=2017-11-13&rft.aulast=Macias&rft.aufirst=Ernest&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Few.com%2Fmovies%2Fstarship-troopers-where-are-they-now%2F%3Fslide%3D5788920%235788920&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-DigitalSpyRichards-83"><a href="#cite_ref-DigitalSpyRichards_83-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArmitage2018" class="citation web cs1">Armitage, Hugh (October 21, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.digitalspy.com/movies/a847077/denise-richards-now-where/">"Denise Richards – Where Is She Now?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_Spy" title="Digital Spy">Digital Spy</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220403214929/https://www.digitalspy.com/movies/a847077/denise-richards-now-where/">Archived</a> from the original on April 3, 2022. Retrieved April 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Digital+Spy&rft.atitle=Denise+Richards+%E2%80%93+Where+Is+She+Now%3F&rft.date=2018-10-21&rft.aulast=Armitage&rft.aufirst=Hugh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.digitalspy.com%2Fmovies%2Fa847077%2Fdenise-richards-now-where%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199747–48-84"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199747%E2%80%9348_84-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 47–48. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199769-85">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199769_85-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199769_85-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 69. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199770-86">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199770_86-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199770_86-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 70. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199794-87"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199794_87-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 94. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199777-88"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199777_88-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 77. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199766-89"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199766_89-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 66. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199766,_94-90"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199766,_94_90-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 66, 94. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199760–61-91"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199760%E2%80%9361_91-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 60–61. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199761,_63-92"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199761,_63_92-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 61, 63. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199763-93"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199763_93-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 63. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199753,_150-94"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199753,_150_94-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 53, 150. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997150-95">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon1997150_95-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon1997150_95-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon1997150_95-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon1997150_95-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 150. </li> <li id="cite_note-EsquireBusey-96"><a href="#cite_ref-EsquireBusey_96-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFretts2015" class="citation web cs1">Fretts, Bruce (February 11, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.esquire.com/entertainment/tv/interviews/a33088/jake-busey-justified/">"Jake Busey On Justified, Getting Splattered, And Dear Old Dad"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Esquire_(magazine)" title="Esquire (magazine)">Esquire</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220811144943/https://www.esquire.com/entertainment/tv/interviews/a33088/jake-busey-justified/">Archived</a> from the original on August 11, 2022. Retrieved August 11, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Esquire&rft.atitle=Jake+Busey+On+Justified%2C+Getting+Splattered%2C+And+Dear+Old+Dad&rft.date=2015-02-11&rft.aulast=Fretts&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.esquire.com%2Fentertainment%2Ftv%2Finterviews%2Fa33088%2Fjake-busey-justified%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199757,_65-97">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199757,_65_97-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199757,_65_97-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 57, 65. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997123-98">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon1997123_98-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon1997123_98-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 123. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997150–151-100"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon1997150%E2%80%93151_100-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 150–151. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997151-101"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon1997151_101-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 151. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199765,_67–69,_150-103"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199765,_67%E2%80%9369,_150_103-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 65, 67–69, 150. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199766,_70-104"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199766,_70_104-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 66, 70. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199770–71-105"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199770%E2%80%9371_105-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 70–71. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199772-106"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199772_106-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 72. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199782-107"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199782_107-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 82. </li> <li id="cite_note-DigitalSpyat20-108">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DigitalSpyat20_108-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DigitalSpyat20_108-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSinger2017" class="citation web cs1">Singer, Leigh (November 11, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.digitalspy.com/movies/a823951/starship-troopers-paul-verhoeven-donald-trump-20-years-anniversary/">"Starship Troopers 20 Years On: Verhoeven Reveals How His Movie Predicted Donald Trump"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_Spy" title="Digital Spy">Digital Spy</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201017174920/https://www.digitalspy.com/movies/a823951/starship-troopers-paul-verhoeven-donald-trump-20-years-anniversary/">Archived</a> from the original on October 17, 2020. Retrieved May 30, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Digital+Spy&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers+20+Years+On%3A+Verhoeven+Reveals+How+His+Movie+Predicted+Donald+Trump&rft.date=2017-11-11&rft.aulast=Singer&rft.aufirst=Leigh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.digitalspy.com%2Fmovies%2Fa823951%2Fstarship-troopers-paul-verhoeven-donald-trump-20-years-anniversary%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199758–60-109"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199758%E2%80%9360_109-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 58–60. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199790-110"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199790_110-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 90. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199799–100,_123-111"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199799%E2%80%93100,_123_111-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 99–100, 123. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199799-112"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199799_112-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 99. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997100,_128-113"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon1997100,_128_113-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 100, 128. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997122–123-114"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon1997122%E2%80%93123_114-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 122–123. </li> <li id="cite_note-ScreenNC17-115"><a href="#cite_ref-ScreenNC17_115-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLealos2020" class="citation web cs1">Lealos, Shawn S. (February 18, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://screenrant.com/movies-originally-rated-nc17-edited-down-to-r/">"10 Surprising Movies That Were Originally Rated NC-17, But Were Edited Down To Rated R"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Screen_Rant" title="Screen Rant">Screen Rant</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220523100102/https://screenrant.com/movies-originally-rated-nc17-edited-down-to-r/">Archived</a> from the original on May 23, 2022. Retrieved September 12, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Screen+Rant&rft.atitle=10+Surprising+Movies+That+Were+Originally+Rated+NC-17%2C+But+Were+Edited+Down+To+Rated+R&rft.date=2020-02-18&rft.aulast=Lealos&rft.aufirst=Shawn+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscreenrant.com%2Fmovies-originally-rated-nc17-edited-down-to-r%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997131–132-116"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon1997131%E2%80%93132_116-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 131–132. </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimesNov1097-117">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimesNov1097_117-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimesNov1097_117-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimesNov1097_117-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimesNov1097_117-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStrauss1997" class="citation web cs1">Strauss, Neil (November 10, 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1997/11/10/movies/50-s-sci-fi-camp-goes-high-tech-icky-giants-that-hop-fight-and-think.html">"50's Sci-Fi Camp Goes High-Tech; Icky Giants That Hop, Fight And Think"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180104230014/https://www.nytimes.com/1997/11/10/movies/50-s-sci-fi-camp-goes-high-tech-icky-giants-that-hop-fight-and-think.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 4, 2018. Retrieved August 5, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=50%27s+Sci-Fi+Camp+Goes+High-Tech%3B+Icky+Giants+That+Hop%2C+Fight+And+Think&rft.date=1997-11-10&rft.aulast=Strauss&rft.aufirst=Neil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1997%2F11%2F10%2Fmovies%2F50-s-sci-fi-camp-goes-high-tech-icky-giants-that-hop-fight-and-think.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199749-119">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199749_119-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199749_119-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 49. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997105-120"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon1997105_120-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 105. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199749–102-121"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199749%E2%80%93102_121-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 49–102. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997105,_111–112,_114-122"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon1997105,_111%E2%80%93112,_114_122-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 105, 111–112, 114. </li> <li id="cite_note-ASCMagStarshipFX-123">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ASCMagStarshipFX_123-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ASCMagStarshipFX_123-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMagid2020" class="citation web cs1">Magid, Ron (March 5, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ascmag.com/articles/needs-pics-starship-maneuvers">"Starship Maneuvers For Starship Troopers"</a>. <a href="/wiki/American_Cinematographer" title="American Cinematographer">American Cinematographer</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210627231631/https://ascmag.com/articles/needs-pics-starship-maneuvers">Archived</a> from the original on June 27, 2021. Retrieved August 6, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Cinematographer&rft.atitle=Starship+Maneuvers+For+Starship+Troopers&rft.date=2020-03-05&rft.aulast=Magid&rft.aufirst=Ron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fascmag.com%2Farticles%2Fneeds-pics-starship-maneuvers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon199715,_48–49-124"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon199715,_48%E2%80%9349_124-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 15, 48–49. </li> <li id="cite_note-ASCMagCreatureFX-125"><a href="#cite_ref-ASCMagCreatureFX_125-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMagid2020" class="citation web cs1">Magid, Ron (March 5, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ascmag.com/articles/pest-control-on-starship-troopers">"Pest Control On Starship Troopers"</a>. <a href="/wiki/American_Cinematographer" title="American Cinematographer">American Cinematographer</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220803155403/https://ascmag.com/articles/pest-control-on-starship-troopers">Archived</a> from the original on August 3, 2022. Retrieved August 6, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Cinematographer&rft.atitle=Pest+Control+On+Starship+Troopers&rft.date=2020-03-05&rft.aulast=Magid&rft.aufirst=Ron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fascmag.com%2Farticles%2Fpest-control-on-starship-troopers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997126-126"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon1997126_126-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 126. </li> <li id="cite_note-FilmTracks-127">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FilmTracks_127-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FilmTracks_127-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FilmTracks_127-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FilmTracks_127-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClemmensen1997" class="citation web cs1">Clemmensen, Christian (November 3, 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.filmtracks.com/titles/starship.html">"Starship Troopers: (Basil Poledouris)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Filmtracks" title="Filmtracks">Filmtracks.com</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220814161312/https://www.filmtracks.com/titles/starship.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 14, 2022. Retrieved August 23, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Filmtracks.com&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers%3A+%28Basil+Poledouris%29&rft.date=1997-11-03&rft.aulast=Clemmensen&rft.aufirst=Christian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.filmtracks.com%2Ftitles%2Fstarship.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997126–127-128"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon1997126%E2%80%93127_128-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 126–127. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997127-129"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon1997127_129-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 127. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997128-130">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon1997128_130-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon1997128_130-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 128. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997104-131">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon1997104_131-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon1997104_131-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 104. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997104,_132-132"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon1997104,_132_132-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, pp. 104, 132. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWarren2016124-133"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWarren2016124_133-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWarren2016">Warren 2016</a>, p. 124. </li> <li id="cite_note-LATimesAnticipated-134"><a href="#cite_ref-LATimesAnticipated_134-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1997-jul-11-fi-11649-story.html">"The Plot Twist: Canton Wins New Praise"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a>. July 11, 1997. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220414202921/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1997-jul-11-fi-11649-story.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 14, 2022. Retrieved August 5, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=The+Plot+Twist%3A+Canton+Wins+New+Praise&rft.date=1997-07-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1997-jul-11-fi-11649-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997130-135"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon1997130_135-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 130. </li> <li id="cite_note-BomWeeekend1-136"><a href="#cite_ref-BomWeeekend1_136-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boxofficemojo.com/weekend/1997W45/?ref_=bo_rl_table_1">"Domestic 1997 Weekend 45"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Box_Office_Mojo" title="Box Office Mojo">Box Office Mojo</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220413201332/https://www.boxofficemojo.com/weekend/1997W45/?ref_=bo_rl_table_1">Archived</a> from the original on April 13, 2022. Retrieved April 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Box+Office+Mojo&rft.atitle=Domestic+1997+Weekend+45&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boxofficemojo.com%2Fweekend%2F1997W45%2F%3Fref_%3Dbo_rl_table_1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BomWeeekend2-137"><a href="#cite_ref-BomWeeekend2_137-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boxofficemojo.com/weekend/1997W46/?ref_=bo_rl_table_2">"Domestic 1997 Weekend 46"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Box_Office_Mojo" title="Box Office Mojo">Box Office Mojo</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220413200445/https://www.boxofficemojo.com/weekend/1997W46/?ref_=bo_rl_table_2">Archived</a> from the original on April 13, 2022. Retrieved April 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Box+Office+Mojo&rft.atitle=Domestic+1997+Weekend+46&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boxofficemojo.com%2Fweekend%2F1997W46%2F%3Fref_%3Dbo_rl_table_2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-LATimesBO54Percent-138"><a href="#cite_ref-LATimesBO54Percent_138-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1997-nov-17-ca-54658-story.html">"The Jackal Finds Its Target At Box Office"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a>. <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>. November 17, 1997. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220409151623/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1997-nov-17-ca-54658-story.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 9, 2022. Retrieved August 22, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=The+Jackal+Finds+Its+Target+At+Box+Office&rft.date=1997-11-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1997-nov-17-ca-54658-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BomWeeekend3-139">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BomWeeekend3_139-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BomWeeekend3_139-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl3144910337/weekend/?ref_=bo_rl_tab#tabs">"Starship Troopers"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Box_Office_Mojo" title="Box Office Mojo">Box Office Mojo</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220413194126/https://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl3144910337/weekend/?ref_=bo_rl_tab#tabs">Archived</a> from the original on April 13, 2022. Retrieved April 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Box+Office+Mojo&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boxofficemojo.com%2Frelease%2Frl3144910337%2Fweekend%2F%3Fref_%3Dbo_rl_tab%23tabs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TheNumbersBO-140">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TheNumbersBO_140-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheNumbersBO_140-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheNumbersBO_140-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Starship-Troopers#tab=box-office">"Starship Troopers (1997) - Financial Information"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Numbers_(website)" title="The Numbers (website)">The Numbers</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220409145135/https://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Starship-Troopers#tab=box-office">Archived</a> from the original on April 9, 2022. Retrieved April 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Numbers&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers+%281997%29+-+Financial+Information&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.the-numbers.com%2Fmovie%2FStarship-Troopers%23tab%3Dbox-office&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TheNumbersDomestic1997-141"><a href="#cite_ref-TheNumbersDomestic1997_141-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.the-numbers.com/box-office-records/domestic/all-movies/cumulative/released-in-1997">"Top 1997 Movies At The Domestic Box Office"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Numbers_(website)" title="The Numbers (website)">The Numbers</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220409145136/https://www.the-numbers.com/box-office-records/domestic/all-movies/cumulative/released-in-1997">Archived</a> from the original on April 9, 2022. Retrieved April 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Numbers&rft.atitle=Top+1997+Movies+At+The+Domestic+Box+Office&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.the-numbers.com%2Fbox-office-records%2Fdomestic%2Fall-movies%2Fcumulative%2Freleased-in-1997&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TheNumbersworldwide-142"><a href="#cite_ref-TheNumbersworldwide_142-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.the-numbers.com/box-office-records/worldwide/all-movies/cumulative/released-in-1997">"Top 1997 Movies At The Worldwide Box Office"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Numbers_(website)" title="The Numbers (website)">The Numbers</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220815223012/https://www.the-numbers.com/box-office-records/worldwide/all-movies/cumulative/released-in-1997">Archived</a> from the original on August 15, 2022. Retrieved April 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Numbers&rft.atitle=Top+1997+Movies+At+The+Worldwide+Box+Office&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.the-numbers.com%2Fbox-office-records%2Fworldwide%2Fall-movies%2Fcumulative%2Freleased-in-1997&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-CinemaScore-145"><a href="#cite_ref-CinemaScore_145-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181220122629/https://www.cinemascore.com/publicsearch/index/title/">"CinemaScore"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CinemaScore" title="CinemaScore">CinemaScore</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cinemascore.com/publicsearch/index/title/">the original</a> on December 20, 2018. Retrieved September 11, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CinemaScore&rft.atitle=CinemaScore&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cinemascore.com%2Fpublicsearch%2Findex%2Ftitle%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-DOGAds-146">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DOGAds_146-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DOGAds_146-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DOGAds_146-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DOGAds_146-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DOGAds_146-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DOGAds_146-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DOGAds_146-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DOGAds_146-7">h</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLambie2019" class="citation web cs1">Lambie, Ryan (June 1, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.denofgeek.com/movies/the-use-of-ads-in-robocop-total-recall-starship-troopers/">"The Use of Ads in RoboCop, Total Recall & Starship Troopers"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Den_of_Geek" title="Den of Geek">Den of Geek</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220819110849/https://www.denofgeek.com/movies/the-use-of-ads-in-robocop-total-recall-starship-troopers/">Archived</a> from the original on August 19, 2022. Retrieved August 11, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Den+of+Geek&rft.atitle=The+Use+of+Ads+in+RoboCop%2C+Total+Recall+%26+Starship+Troopers&rft.date=2019-06-01&rft.aulast=Lambie&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.denofgeek.com%2Fmovies%2Fthe-use-of-ads-in-robocop-total-recall-starship-troopers%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReviewEmpire-147">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewEmpire_147-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewEmpire_147-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewEmpire_147-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewEmpire_147-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewEmpire_147-4">e</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2000" class="citation web cs1">Smith, Adam (January 1, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.empireonline.com/movies/reviews/starship-troopers-review/">"Starship Troopers"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Empire_(magazine)" title="Empire (magazine)">Empire</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211219170142/https://www.empireonline.com/movies/reviews/starship-troopers-review/">Archived</a> from the original on December 19, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Empire&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.empireonline.com%2Fmovies%2Freviews%2Fstarship-troopers-review%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-WaPoHunterNazis-150"><a href="#cite_ref-WaPoHunterNazis_150-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHunter1997" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Hunter" title="Stephen Hunter">Hunter, Stephen</a> (November 11, 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1997/11/11/goosestepping-at-the-movies/83272787-18ae-4126-b8c4-3d46b1b31277/">"Goosestepping At The Movies"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20220822172836/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1997/11/11/goosestepping-at-the-movies/83272787-18ae-4126-b8c4-3d46b1b31277/">Archived</a> from the original on August 22, 2022. Retrieved April 15, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Goosestepping+At+The+Movies&rft.date=1997-11-11&rft.aulast=Hunter&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Farchive%2Flifestyle%2F1997%2F11%2F11%2Fgoosestepping-at-the-movies%2F83272787-18ae-4126-b8c4-3d46b1b31277%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-WAPOHunter-151"><a href="#cite_ref-WAPOHunter_151-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHunter1997" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Hunter" title="Stephen Hunter">Hunter, Stephen</a> (December 28, 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/style/1997/12/28/97-film/51e64d76-16c0-4ff8-be1d-7a39eea7e692/">"97 Film"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20220822171201/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/style/1997/12/28/97-film/51e64d76-16c0-4ff8-be1d-7a39eea7e692/">Archived</a> from the original on August 22, 2022. Retrieved April 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=97+Film&rft.date=1997-12-28&rft.aulast=Hunter&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Farchive%2Flifestyle%2Fstyle%2F1997%2F12%2F28%2F97-film%2F51e64d76-16c0-4ff8-be1d-7a39eea7e692%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReviewEbert-152">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewEbert_152-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewEbert_152-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewEbert_152-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewEbert_152-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewEbert_152-4">e</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEbert1997" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Roger_Ebert" title="Roger Ebert">Ebert, Roger</a> (November 7, 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/starship-troopers-1997">"Starship Troopers Movie Review (1997)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/RogerEbert.com" title="RogerEbert.com">RogerEbert.com</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220331173638/https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/starship-troopers-1997">Archived</a> from the original on March 31, 2022. Retrieved August 21, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RogerEbert.com&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers+Movie+Review+%281997%29&rft.date=1997-11-07&rft.aulast=Ebert&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rogerebert.com%2Freviews%2Fstarship-troopers-1997&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReviewSalon-153">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewSalon_153-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewSalon_153-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewSalon_153-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewSalon_153-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewSalon_153-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewSalon_153-5">f</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosenberg" class="citation web cs1">Rosenberg, Scott. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.salon.com/ent/movies/1997/11/07starship.html">"Melrose Vs. The Monsters"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Salon.com" title="Salon.com">Salon.com</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080719131355/https://www.salon.com/ent/movies/1997/11/07starship.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 19, 2008. Retrieved August 21, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Salon.com&rft.atitle=Melrose+Vs.+The+Monsters&rft.aulast=Rosenberg&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.salon.com%2Fent%2Fmovies%2F1997%2F11%2F07starship.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReviewEW-154">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewEW_154-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewEW_154-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewEW_154-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewEW_154-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGleiberman1997" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Owen_Gleiberman" title="Owen Gleiberman">Gleiberman, Owen</a> (November 7, 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ew.com/article/1997/11/07/movie-review-starship-troopers-2/">"Movie Review: Starship Troopers"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Entertainment_Weekly" title="Entertainment Weekly">Entertainment Weekly</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220203155639/https://ew.com/article/1997/11/07/movie-review-starship-troopers-2/">Archived</a> from the original on February 3, 2022. Retrieved August 21, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Entertainment+Weekly&rft.atitle=Movie+Review%3A+Starship+Troopers&rft.date=1997-11-07&rft.aulast=Gleiberman&rft.aufirst=Owen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Few.com%2Farticle%2F1997%2F11%2F07%2Fmovie-review-starship-troopers-2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReviewReelViews-155">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewReelViews_155-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewReelViews_155-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewReelViews_155-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewReelViews_155-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewReelViews_155-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewReelViews_155-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewReelViews_155-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewReelViews_155-7">h</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerardinelli" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/James_Berardinelli" title="James Berardinelli">Berardinelli, James</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reelviews.net/reelviews/starship-troopers">"Starship Troopers (United States, 1997)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/James_Berardinelli" title="James Berardinelli">ReelViews</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210516142409/https://www.reelviews.net/reelviews/starship-troopers">Archived</a> from the original on May 16, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ReelViews&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers+%28United+States%2C+1997%29&rft.aulast=Berardinelli&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reelviews.net%2Freelviews%2Fstarship-troopers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-LATimesHiddenSatire-156">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LATimesHiddenSatire_156-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LATimesHiddenSatire_156-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVoss1997" class="citation web cs1">Voss, Michael (December 8, 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1997-dec-08-ca-61817-story.html">"Exploring Hidden 'Satire' Of Starship Troopers"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220409151620/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1997-dec-08-ca-61817-story.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 9, 2022. Retrieved August 22, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Exploring+Hidden+%27Satire%27+Of+Starship+Troopers&rft.date=1997-12-08&rft.aulast=Voss&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1997-dec-08-ca-61817-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReviewLATimes-157">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewLATimes_157-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewLATimes_157-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewLATimes_157-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewLATimes_157-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTuran1997" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Turan" title="Kenneth Turan">Turan, Kenneth</a> (November 7, 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1997-nov-07-ca-51016-story.html">"Based on a Heinlein Novel, 'Starship Troopers' is Directed by Paul Verhoeven With Lots of Attention to Mayhem, Gore and Goo"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220331201538/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1997-nov-07-ca-51016-story.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 31, 2022. Retrieved August 21, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Based+on+a+Heinlein+Novel%2C+%27Starship+Troopers%27+is+Directed+by+Paul+Verhoeven+With+Lots+of+Attention+to+Mayhem%2C+Gore+and+Goo&rft.date=1997-11-07&rft.aulast=Turan&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1997-nov-07-ca-51016-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReviewNYTimesMaslin-158">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewNYTimesMaslin_158-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewNYTimesMaslin_158-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaslin1997" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Janet_Maslin" title="Janet Maslin">Maslin, Janet</a> (November 7, 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1997/11/07/movies/film-review-no-bugs-too-large-for-this-swat-team.html">"Film Review; No Bugs Too Large For This Swat Team"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220422183302/https://www.nytimes.com/1997/11/07/movies/film-review-no-bugs-too-large-for-this-swat-team.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 22, 2022. Retrieved August 11, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Film+Review%3B+No+Bugs+Too+Large+For+This+Swat+Team&rft.date=1997-11-07&rft.aulast=Maslin&rft.aufirst=Janet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1997%2F11%2F07%2Fmovies%2Ffilm-review-no-bugs-too-large-for-this-swat-team.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReviewRosenbaum-159">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewRosenbaum_159-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReviewRosenbaum_159-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosenbaum2023" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Rosenbaum" title="Jonathan Rosenbaum">Rosenbaum, Jonathan</a> (May 12, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jonathanrosenbaum.net/2023/05/multinational-pest-control/">"Multinational Pest Control Starship Troopers"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Rosenbaum" title="Jonathan Rosenbaum">JonathanRosenbaum.net</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201101013143/https://jonathanrosenbaum.net/2020/04/multinational-pest-control/">Archived</a> from the original on November 1, 2020. Retrieved August 21, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=JonathanRosenbaum.net&rft.atitle=Multinational+Pest+Control+Starship+Troopers&rft.date=2023-05-12&rft.aulast=Rosenbaum&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjonathanrosenbaum.net%2F2023%2F05%2Fmultinational-pest-control%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReviewSFGate-160"><a href="#cite_ref-ReviewSFGate_160-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaSalle1997" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Mick_LaSalle" title="Mick LaSalle">LaSalle, Mick</a> (November 7, 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sfgate.com/movies/article/FILM-REVIEW-RAID-Starship-Troopers-will-2797232.php">"Film Review -- Raid!!! / Starship Troopers Will Leave Viewers Bug-Eyed -- And Reaching For A Huge Fly Swatter"</a>. <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Chronicle" title="San Francisco Chronicle">San Francisco Chronicle</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210516013503/https://www.sfgate.com/movies/article/FILM-REVIEW-RAID-Starship-Troopers-will-2797232.php">Archived</a> from the original on May 16, 2021. Retrieved August 21, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=San+Francisco+Chronicle&rft.atitle=Film+Review+--+Raid%21%21%21+%2F+Starship+Troopers+Will+Leave+Viewers+Bug-Eyed+--+And+Reaching+For+A+Huge+Fly+Swatter&rft.date=1997-11-07&rft.aulast=LaSalle&rft.aufirst=Mick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfgate.com%2Fmovies%2Farticle%2FFILM-REVIEW-RAID-Starship-Troopers-will-2797232.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-AwardsSatellite-162"><a href="#cite_ref-AwardsSatellite_162-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pressacademy.com/award_cat/1998/">"1998"</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Press_Academy" title="International Press Academy">International Press Academy</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220321061630/http://www.pressacademy.com/award_cat/1998/">Archived</a> from the original on March 21, 2022. Retrieved August 22, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+Press+Academy&rft.atitle=1998&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pressacademy.com%2Faward_cat%2F1998%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimesOscars-163"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimesOscars_163-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeinraub1998" class="citation web cs1">Weinraub, Bernard (February 11, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1998/02/11/movies/titanic-leads-the-oscar-list-with-la-and-good-will.html">"Titanic Leads The Oscar List With L.A. And Good Will"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220423191916/https://www.nytimes.com/1998/02/11/movies/titanic-leads-the-oscar-list-with-la-and-good-will.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 23, 2022. Retrieved August 11, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Titanic+Leads+The+Oscar+List+With+L.A.+And+Good+Will&rft.date=1998-02-11&rft.aulast=Weinraub&rft.aufirst=Bernard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1998%2F02%2F11%2Fmovies%2Ftitanic-leads-the-oscar-list-with-la-and-good-will.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-AwardsMTV-164"><a href="#cite_ref-AwardsMTV_164-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKatz1998" class="citation web cs1">Katz, Richard (April 14, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/1998/film/news/mtv-watchers-pick-their-pix-1117469703/">"MTV-Watchers Pick Their Pix"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Variety_(magazine)" title="Variety (magazine)">Variety</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220528205304/https://variety.com/1998/film/news/mtv-watchers-pick-their-pix-1117469703/">Archived</a> from the original on May 28, 2022. Retrieved August 22, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=MTV-Watchers+Pick+Their+Pix&rft.date=1998-04-14&rft.aulast=Katz&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F1998%2Ffilm%2Fnews%2Fmtv-watchers-pick-their-pix-1117469703%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-AwardHugo-165"><a href="#cite_ref-AwardHugo_165-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/1998-hugo-awards/">"1998 Hugo Awards"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Worldcon" title="Worldcon">Worldcon</a>. July 26, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220809104259/https://www.thehugoawards.org/hugo-history/1998-hugo-awards/">Archived</a> from the original on August 9, 2022. Retrieved August 22, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Worldcon&rft.atitle=1998+Hugo+Awards&rft.date=2007-07-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehugoawards.org%2Fhugo-history%2F1998-hugo-awards%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Stinkers-166"><a href="#cite_ref-Stinkers_166-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20000818030700/http://www.thestinkers.com/1997.html">"The Stinkers 1997 Ballot"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Stinkers_Bad_Movie_Awards" title="Stinkers Bad Movie Awards">Stinkers Bad Movie Awards</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thestinkers.com/1997.html">the original</a> on August 18, 2000. Retrieved August 13, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Stinkers+Bad+Movie+Awards&rft.atitle=The+Stinkers+1997+Ballot&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thestinkers.com%2F1997.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ScreenRantWhyitfailed-167">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ScreenRantWhyitfailed_167-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ScreenRantWhyitfailed_167-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ScreenRantWhyitfailed_167-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ScreenRantWhyitfailed_167-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLangston2020" class="citation web cs1">Langston, Keith (September 2, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://screenrant.com/starship-troopers-movie-bomb-fail-cult-classic-reason/">"Why Starship Troopers Bombed So Hard (And How It Became A Cult Classic)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Screen_Rant" title="Screen Rant">Screen Rant</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220813113008/https://screenrant.com/starship-troopers-movie-bomb-fail-cult-classic-reason/">Archived</a> from the original on August 13, 2022. Retrieved April 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Screen+Rant&rft.atitle=Why+Starship+Troopers+Bombed+So+Hard+%28And+How+It+Became+A+Cult+Classic%29&rft.date=2020-09-02&rft.aulast=Langston&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscreenrant.com%2Fstarship-troopers-movie-bomb-fail-cult-classic-reason%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BOMWorldwide1997-170"><a href="#cite_ref-BOMWorldwide1997_170-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boxofficemojo.com/year/world/1997/">"1997 Worldwide Box Office"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Box_Office_Mojo" title="Box Office Mojo">Box Office Mojo</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220409150811/https://www.boxofficemojo.com/year/world/1997/">Archived</a> from the original on April 9, 2022. Retrieved April 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Box+Office+Mojo&rft.atitle=1997+Worldwide+Box+Office&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boxofficemojo.com%2Fyear%2Fworld%2F1997%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-LATimesFlubber-171"><a href="#cite_ref-LATimesFlubber_171-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWelkos1997" class="citation web cs1">Welkos, Robert W. (December 2, 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1997-dec-02-ca-59874-story.html">"Flubber Takes Holiday Bounce To Top"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220417152743/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1997-dec-02-ca-59874-story.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 17, 2022. Retrieved April 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Flubber+Takes+Holiday+Bounce+To+Top&rft.date=1997-12-02&rft.aulast=Welkos&rft.aufirst=Robert+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1997-dec-02-ca-59874-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-LATimesSepAliens-172"><a href="#cite_ref-LATimesSepAliens_172-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMathews1998" class="citation web cs1">Mathews, Jack (April 19, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1998-apr-19-ca-40643-story.html">"Storming The Cinema"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220413201946/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1998-apr-19-ca-40643-story.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 13, 2022. Retrieved August 5, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Storming+The+Cinema&rft.date=1998-04-19&rft.aulast=Mathews&rft.aufirst=Jack&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1998-apr-19-ca-40643-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-HomeMediaSalon-173">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HomeMediaSalon_173-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HomeMediaSalon_173-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Hehir2000" class="citation web cs1">O'Hehir, Andrew (June 20, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.salon.com/2000/06/20/starship_troopers/">""Starship Troopers""</a>. <a href="/wiki/Salon.com" title="Salon.com">Salon.com</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220814154639/https://www.salon.com/2000/06/20/starship_troopers/">Archived</a> from the original on August 14, 2022. Retrieved August 14, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Salon.com&rft.atitle=%22Starship+Troopers%22&rft.date=2000-06-20&rft.aulast=O%27Hehir&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.salon.com%2F2000%2F06%2F20%2Fstarship_troopers%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-HomeMediaAmazonVHS-174"><a href="#cite_ref-HomeMediaAmazonVHS_174-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.co.uk/Starship-Troopers-VHS-Casper-Dien/dp/B00004CWOY">"Starship Troopers [VHS] [1998] VHS Tape – VHS"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220814154635/https://www.amazon.co.uk/Starship-Troopers-VHS-Casper-Dien/dp/B00004CWOY">Archived</a> from the original on August 14, 2022. Retrieved August 14, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Amazon&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers+%5BVHS%5D+%5B1998%5D+VHS+Tape+%E2%80%93+VHS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.co.uk%2FStarship-Troopers-VHS-Casper-Dien%2Fdp%2FB00004CWOY&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-HomeMediaIGN1999-175">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HomeMediaIGN1999_175-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HomeMediaIGN1999_175-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ign.com/articles/1999/12/07/starship-troopers-3">"Starship Troopers"</a>. <a href="/wiki/IGN" title="IGN">IGN</a>. December 7, 1999. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220814154638/https://www.ign.com/articles/1999/12/07/starship-troopers-3">Archived</a> from the original on August 14, 2022. Retrieved August 14, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IGN&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers&rft.date=1999-12-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ign.com%2Farticles%2F1999%2F12%2F07%2Fstarship-troopers-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-HomeMediaIGN2002SE-176">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HomeMediaIGN2002SE_176-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HomeMediaIGN2002SE_176-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ign.com/articles/2002/04/18/starship-troopers-special-edition-2">"Starship Troopers (Special Edition)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/IGN" title="IGN">IGN</a>. April 18, 2002. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220814154638/https://www.ign.com/articles/2002/04/18/starship-troopers-special-edition-2">Archived</a> from the original on August 14, 2022. Retrieved August 14, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IGN&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers+%28Special+Edition%29&rft.date=2002-04-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ign.com%2Farticles%2F2002%2F04%2F18%2Fstarship-troopers-special-edition-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-HomeMediaIGN2002SE2-177"><a href="#cite_ref-HomeMediaIGN2002SE2_177-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ign.com/articles/2002/05/30/starship-troopers-special-edition">"Starship Troopers: Special Edition"</a>. <a href="/wiki/IGN" title="IGN">IGN</a>. May 30, 2002. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220813231134/https://www.ign.com/articles/2002/05/30/starship-troopers-special-edition">Archived</a> from the original on August 13, 2022. Retrieved August 14, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IGN&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers%3A+Special+Edition&rft.date=2002-05-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ign.com%2Farticles%2F2002%2F05%2F30%2Fstarship-troopers-special-edition&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-HomeMediaIGN2008BluRay-178"><a href="#cite_ref-HomeMediaIGN2008BluRay_178-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLowe2008" class="citation web cs1">Lowe, Scott (July 29, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ign.com/articles/2008/07/29/starship-troopers-blu-ray-review">"Starship Troopers Blu-Ray Review"</a>. <a href="/wiki/IGN" title="IGN">IGN</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220813231134/https://www.ign.com/articles/2008/07/29/starship-troopers-blu-ray-review">Archived</a> from the original on August 13, 2022. Retrieved August 22, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IGN&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers+Blu-Ray+Review&rft.date=2008-07-29&rft.aulast=Lowe&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ign.com%2Farticles%2F2008%2F07%2F29%2Fstarship-troopers-blu-ray-review&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-HomeMediaCollider2017-179"><a href="#cite_ref-HomeMediaCollider2017_179-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrumbore2017" class="citation web cs1">Trumbore, Dave (July 24, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collider.com/starship-troopers-traitor-of-mars-clip/">"Starship Troopers Traitor of Mars Clip Teases The Roughnecks' Return"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Valnet#Collider" title="Valnet">Collider</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220814160750/https://collider.com/starship-troopers-traitor-of-mars-clip/">Archived</a> from the original on August 14, 2022. Retrieved August 14, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Collider&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers+Traitor+of+Mars+Clip+Teases+The+Roughnecks%27+Return&rft.date=2017-07-24&rft.aulast=Trumbore&rft.aufirst=Dave&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcollider.com%2Fstarship-troopers-traitor-of-mars-clip%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-HomeMediaCollider2022-180"><a href="#cite_ref-HomeMediaCollider2022_180-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Rourke2022" class="citation web cs1">O'Rourke, Ryan (July 28, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collider.com/starship-troopers-4k-ultra-hd-steelbook-release-date/">"'Starship Troopers' 4K Ultra HD Steelbook Arrives In November With New Extras"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Valnet#Collider" title="Valnet">Collider</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220730175308/https://collider.com/starship-troopers-4k-ultra-hd-steelbook-release-date/">Archived</a> from the original on July 30, 2022. Retrieved August 14, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Collider&rft.atitle=%27Starship+Troopers%27+4K+Ultra+HD+Steelbook+Arrives+In+November+With+New+Extras&rft.date=2022-07-28&rft.aulast=O%27Rourke&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcollider.com%2Fstarship-troopers-4k-ultra-hd-steelbook-release-date%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-LATimesSummerAug1997-181"><a href="#cite_ref-LATimesSummerAug1997_181-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEller1997" class="citation web cs1">Eller, Claudia (August 12, 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1997-aug-12-fi-21659-story.html">"The Heat Was On"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220413193724/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1997-aug-12-fi-21659-story.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 13, 2022. Retrieved April 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=The+Heat+Was+On&rft.date=1997-08-12&rft.aulast=Eller&rft.aufirst=Claudia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1997-aug-12-fi-21659-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-LATimesFranchise-182"><a href="#cite_ref-LATimesFranchise_182-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEllerBates1997" class="citation web cs1">Eller, Claudia; Bates, James (November 7, 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1997-nov-07-fi-51086-story.html">"Sony Banks On Godzilla Becoming A Monster Hit"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220410175729/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1997-nov-07-fi-51086-story.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 10, 2022. Retrieved April 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Sony+Banks+On+Godzilla+Becoming+A+Monster+Hit&rft.date=1997-11-07&rft.aulast=Eller&rft.aufirst=Claudia&rft.au=Bates%2C+James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1997-nov-07-fi-51086-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997131-183"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon1997131_183-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 131. </li> <li id="cite_note-LATimesMerch-184"><a href="#cite_ref-LATimesMerch_184-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMatzer1997" class="citation web cs1">Matzer, Marla (October 30, 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1997-oct-30-fi-48260-story.html">"Merchandising For R-Rated Films Has Some Bugs"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220409151623/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1997-oct-30-fi-48260-story.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 9, 2022. Retrieved August 5, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Merchandising+For+R-Rated+Films+Has+Some+Bugs&rft.date=1997-10-30&rft.aulast=Matzer&rft.aufirst=Marla&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1997-oct-30-fi-48260-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESammon1997152-185"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESammon1997152_185-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFSammon1997">Sammon 1997</a>, p. 152. </li> <li id="cite_note-LooperRoughnecks-186"><a href="#cite_ref-LooperRoughnecks_186-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeisfjord2021" class="citation web cs1">Meisfjord, Tom (February 4, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.looper.com/327286/the-forgotten-starship-troopers-tv-series-you-didnt-know-existed/">"The Forgotten Starship Troopers TV Series You Didn't Know Existed"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Static_Media#Owned_or_associated_websites" title="Static Media">Looper.com</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220814140939/https://www.looper.com/327286/the-forgotten-starship-troopers-tv-series-you-didnt-know-existed/">Archived</a> from the original on August 14, 2022. Retrieved August 14, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Looper.com&rft.atitle=The+Forgotten+Starship+Troopers+TV+Series+You+Didn%27t+Know+Existed&rft.date=2021-02-04&rft.aulast=Meisfjord&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.looper.com%2F327286%2Fthe-forgotten-starship-troopers-tv-series-you-didnt-know-existed%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-AICNRoughnecks-187"><a href="#cite_ref-AICNRoughnecks_187-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legacy.aintitcool.com/node/4421">""Roughnecks: The Starship Troopers Chronicles" Debacle !!!"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ain%27t_It_Cool_News" title="Ain't It Cool News">Ain't It Cool News</a>. September 21, 1999. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220814140940/http://legacy.aintitcool.com/node/4421">Archived</a> from the original on August 14, 2022. Retrieved August 14, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ain%27t+It+Cool+News&rft.atitle=%22Roughnecks%3A+The+Starship+Troopers+Chronicles%22+Debacle+%21%21%21&rft.date=1999-09-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flegacy.aintitcool.com%2Fnode%2F4421&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-MerchBoardgame-188"><a href="#cite_ref-MerchBoardgame_188-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKeefer2014" class="citation web cs1">Keefer, John (May 30, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181122023940/https://v1.escapistmagazine.com/articles/view/tabletop/11532-8-Avalon-Hill-Board-Games-That-Deserve-New-Life.5">"8 Avalon Hill Board Games That Deserve New Life"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Escapist_(magazine)" title="The Escapist (magazine)">The Escapist</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://v1.escapistmagazine.com/articles/view/tabletop/11532-8-Avalon-Hill-Board-Games-That-Deserve-New-Life.5">the original</a> on November 22, 2018. Retrieved April 17, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Escapist&rft.atitle=8+Avalon+Hill+Board+Games+That+Deserve+New+Life&rft.date=2014-05-30&rft.aulast=Keefer&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fv1.escapistmagazine.com%2Farticles%2Fview%2Ftabletop%2F11532-8-Avalon-Hill-Board-Games-That-Deserve-New-Life.5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-EuroTerranAscendancy-189">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EuroTerranAscendancy_189-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EuroTerranAscendancy_189-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eurogamer.net/r-startroop">"Starship Troopers"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Eurogamer" title="Eurogamer">Eurogamer</a>. December 25, 2000. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220708215910/https://www.eurogamer.net/r-startroop">Archived</a> from the original on July 8, 2022. Retrieved August 13, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Eurogamer&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers&rft.date=2000-12-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurogamer.net%2Fr-startroop&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TerranCommandIGN-190"><a href="#cite_ref-TerranCommandIGN_190-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHafer2022" class="citation web cs1">Hafer, Leana (June 17, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ign.com/articles/starship-troopers-terran-command-review">"Starship Troopers: Terran Command Review"</a>. <a href="/wiki/IGN" title="IGN">IGN</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220811152023/https://www.ign.com/articles/starship-troopers-terran-command-review">Archived</a> from the original on August 11, 2022. Retrieved August 11, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IGN&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers%3A+Terran+Command+Review&rft.date=2022-06-17&rft.aulast=Hafer&rft.aufirst=Leana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ign.com%2Farticles%2Fstarship-troopers-terran-command-review&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TerranCommandDOG-191"><a href="#cite_ref-TerranCommandDOG_191-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFByrd2019" class="citation web cs1">Byrd, Matthew (December 3, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220811152112/https://www.denofgeek.com/games/starship-troopers-strategy-game-release-date/">"Starship Troopers Strategy Game Releasing In 2020"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Den_of_Geek" title="Den of Geek">Den of Geek</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.denofgeek.com/games/starship-troopers-strategy-game-release-date/">the original</a> on August 11, 2022. Retrieved August 11, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Den+of+Geek&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers+Strategy+Game+Releasing+In+2020&rft.date=2019-12-03&rft.aulast=Byrd&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.denofgeek.com%2Fgames%2Fstarship-troopers-strategy-game-release-date%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ScreenRantAds-192">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ScreenRantAds_192-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ScreenRantAds_192-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ScreenRantAds_192-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMilner2020" class="citation web cs1">Milner, Sarah Bea (June 23, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://screenrant.com/starship-troopers-movie-fake-commercial-mobile-infantry-explained/">"Starship Troopers' Fake Advertisements Explained"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Screen_Rant" title="Screen Rant">Screen Rant</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220711033112/https://screenrant.com/starship-troopers-movie-fake-commercial-mobile-infantry-explained/">Archived</a> from the original on July 11, 2022. Retrieved August 11, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Screen+Rant&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers%27+Fake+Advertisements+Explained&rft.date=2020-06-23&rft.aulast=Milner&rft.aufirst=Sarah+Bea&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscreenrant.com%2Fstarship-troopers-movie-fake-commercial-mobile-infantry-explained%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEShippey20002-193"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShippey20002_193-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFShippey2000">Shippey 2000</a>, p. 2. </li> <li id="cite_note-EWNazi-196">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EWNazi_196-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EWNazi_196-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EWNazi_196-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EWNazi_196-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSvetkey1997" class="citation web cs1">Svetkey, Benjamin (November 21, 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ew.com/article/1997/11/21/starship-troopers-relys-nazi-imagery/">"Starship Troopers Relys On Nazi imagery"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Entertainment_Weekly" title="Entertainment Weekly">Entertainment Weekly</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220415102005/https://ew.com/article/1997/11/21/starship-troopers-relys-nazi-imagery/">Archived</a> from the original on April 15, 2022. Retrieved December 7, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Entertainment+Weekly&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers+Relys+On+Nazi+imagery&rft.date=1997-11-21&rft.aulast=Svetkey&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Few.com%2Farticle%2F1997%2F11%2F21%2Fstarship-troopers-relys-nazi-imagery%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-AVClubCommentary-197"><a href="#cite_ref-AVClubCommentary_197-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRabinMurrayTobias2005" class="citation web cs1">Rabin, Nathan; Murray, Noel; Tobias, Scott (March 25, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.avclub.com/commentary-tracks-of-the-blessed-1798208967">"Commentary Tracks Of The Blessed (1997 Starship Trooper)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_A.V._Club" title="The A.V. Club">The A.V. Club</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221206110330/https://www.avclub.com/commentary-tracks-of-the-blessed-1798208967">Archived</a> from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved August 18, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+A.V.+Club&rft.atitle=Commentary+Tracks+Of+The+Blessed+%281997+Starship+Trooper%29&rft.date=2005-03-25&rft.aulast=Rabin&rft.aufirst=Nathan&rft.au=Murray%2C+Noel&rft.au=Tobias%2C+Scott&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.avclub.com%2Fcommentary-tracks-of-the-blessed-1798208967&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERosenthal2001182–183-200"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERosenthal2001182%E2%80%93183_200-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFRosenthal2001">Rosenthal 2001</a>, pp. 182–183. </li> <li id="cite_note-InverseThemes-201"><a href="#cite_ref-InverseThemes_201-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrancisco2020" class="citation web cs1">Francisco, Eric (September 28, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.inverse.com/entertainment/starship-troopers-streaming-netflix">"The One Sci-fi Satire You Need To Watch Before It Leaves Netflix This Week"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Inverse_(website)" title="Inverse (website)">Inverse</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220818203626/https://www.inverse.com/entertainment/starship-troopers-streaming-netflix">Archived</a> from the original on August 18, 2022. Retrieved August 18, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Inverse&rft.atitle=The+One+Sci-fi+Satire+You+Need+To+Watch+Before+It+Leaves+Netflix+This+Week&rft.date=2020-09-28&rft.aulast=Francisco&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.inverse.com%2Fentertainment%2Fstarship-troopers-streaming-netflix&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-AVClub2010-202">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AVClub2010_202-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AVClub2010_202-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AVClub2010_202-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AVClub2010_202-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AVClub2010_202-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AVClub2010_202-5">f</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTobias2010" class="citation web cs1">Tobias, Scott (June 10, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.avclub.com/starship-troopers-1798220409">"Starship Troopers"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_A.V._Club" title="The A.V. Club">The A.V. Club</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220723051500/https://www.avclub.com/starship-troopers-1798220409">Archived</a> from the original on July 23, 2022. Retrieved August 11, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+A.V.+Club&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers&rft.date=2010-06-10&rft.aulast=Tobias&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.avclub.com%2Fstarship-troopers-1798220409&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHansen2001276–280-203"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHansen2001276%E2%80%93280_203-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHansen2001">Hansen 2001</a>, pp. 276–280. </li> <li id="cite_note-ColliderRetro-204">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ColliderRetro_204-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ColliderRetro_204-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ColliderRetro_204-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ColliderRetro_204-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ColliderRetro_204-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ColliderRetro_204-5">f</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFarley2022" class="citation web cs1">Farley, Lloyd (August 5, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collider.com/starship-troopers-review-satire-at-its-best/">"Starship Troopers Review: Paul Verhoeven's Classic Is Satire At Its Best"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Valnet#Collider" title="Valnet">Collider</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220818122226/https://collider.com/starship-troopers-review-satire-at-its-best/">Archived</a> from the original on August 18, 2022. Retrieved August 11, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Collider&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers+Review%3A+Paul+Verhoeven%27s+Classic+Is+Satire+At+Its+Best&rft.date=2022-08-05&rft.aulast=Farley&rft.aufirst=Lloyd&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcollider.com%2Fstarship-troopers-review-satire-at-its-best%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ViceRetro-205"><a href="#cite_ref-ViceRetro_205-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBailey2017" class="citation web cs1">Bailey, Jason (November 3, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vice.com/en/article/mb394x/1997-was-an-amazing-year-for-dystopian-sci-fi-movies">"1997 Was An Amazing Year For Dystopian Sci-fi Movies"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Vice_(magazine)" title="Vice (magazine)">Vice</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220215182337/https://www.vice.com/en/article/mb394x/1997-was-an-amazing-year-for-dystopian-sci-fi-movies">Archived</a> from the original on February 15, 2022. Retrieved August 13, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vice&rft.atitle=1997+Was+An+Amazing+Year+For+Dystopian+Sci-fi+Movies&rft.date=2017-11-03&rft.aulast=Bailey&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vice.com%2Fen%2Farticle%2Fmb394x%2F1997-was-an-amazing-year-for-dystopian-sci-fi-movies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams200939-206"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams200939_206-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWilliams2009">Williams 2009</a>, p. 39. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECrim200923-207"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrim200923_207-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFCrim2009">Crim 2009</a>, p. 23. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuéret2016127–128-208"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGu%C3%A9ret2016127%E2%80%93128_208-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGu%C3%A9ret2016">Guéret 2016</a>, pp. 127–128. </li> <li id="cite_note-AVClubDecade-209">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AVClubDecade_209-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AVClubDecade_209-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AVClubDecade_209-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTobias2005" class="citation web cs1">Tobias, Scott (October 19, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140802233337/http://www.avclub.com/article/a-decade-of-underrated-movies-1486">"A Decade Of Underrated Movies: Who Will Love The Brown Bunny?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_A.V._Club" title="The A.V. Club">The A.V. Club</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.avclub.com/article/a-decade-of-underrated-movies-1486">the original</a> on August 2, 2014. Retrieved July 9, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+A.V.+Club&rft.atitle=A+Decade+Of+Underrated+Movies%3A+Who+Will+Love+The+Brown+Bunny%3F&rft.date=2005-10-19&rft.aulast=Tobias&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.avclub.com%2Farticle%2Fa-decade-of-underrated-movies-1486&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-AVClubBestof1990s-210">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AVClubBestof1990s_210-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AVClubBestof1990s_210-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFD'AngeloMurrayRobinsonPhipps2012" class="citation web cs1">D'Angelo, Mike; Murray, Noel; Robinson, Tasha; Phipps, Keith; Rabin, Nathan; Tobias, Scott; Adams, Sam; Willmore, Alison (October 8, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.avclub.com/the-50-best-films-of-the-90s-1-of-3-1798235618">"The 50 best films of the '90s (1 of 3)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_A.V._Club" title="The A.V. Club">The A.V. Club</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220718065451/https://www.avclub.com/the-50-best-films-of-the-90s-1-of-3-1798235618">Archived</a> from the original on July 18, 2022. Retrieved August 14, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+A.V.+Club&rft.atitle=The+50+best+films+of+the+%2790s+%281+of+3%29&rft.date=2012-10-08&rft.aulast=D%27Angelo&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft.au=Murray%2C+Noel&rft.au=Robinson%2C+Tasha&rft.au=Phipps%2C+Keith&rft.au=Rabin%2C+Nathan&rft.au=Tobias%2C+Scott&rft.au=Adams%2C+Sam&rft.au=Willmore%2C+Alison&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.avclub.com%2Fthe-50-best-films-of-the-90s-1-of-3-1798235618&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-DOGVerhoevenInt-211">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DOGVerhoevenInt_211-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DOGVerhoevenInt_211-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLambie2017" class="citation web cs1">Lambie, Ryan (March 7, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.denofgeek.com/movies/paul-verhoeven-interview-elle-creative-risks-and-robocop/">"Paul Verhoeven Interview: Elle, Creative Risks And RoboCop"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Den_of_Geek" title="Den of Geek">Den of Geek</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220410183912/https://www.denofgeek.com/movies/paul-verhoeven-interview-elle-creative-risks-and-robocop/">Archived</a> from the original on April 10, 2022. Retrieved August 11, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Den+of+Geek&rft.atitle=Paul+Verhoeven+Interview%3A+Elle%2C+Creative+Risks+And+RoboCop&rft.date=2017-03-07&rft.aulast=Lambie&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.denofgeek.com%2Fmovies%2Fpaul-verhoeven-interview-elle-creative-risks-and-robocop%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BestSciFiPaste-212">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BestSciFiPaste_212-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BestSciFiPaste_212-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurgin2018" class="citation web cs1">Burgin, Michael (November 13, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pastemagazine.com/movies/sci-fi-movies/the-100-best-sci-fi-movies-of-all-time/#14-back-to-the-future">"The 100 Best Sci-Fi Movies Of All Time"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Paste_(magazine)" title="Paste (magazine)">Paste</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200430193727/https://www.pastemagazine.com/movies/sci-fi-movies/the-100-best-sci-fi-movies-of-all-time/">Archived</a> from the original on April 30, 2020. Retrieved October 1, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Paste&rft.atitle=The+100+Best+Sci-Fi+Movies+Of+All+Time&rft.date=2018-11-13&rft.aulast=Burgin&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pastemagazine.com%2Fmovies%2Fsci-fi-movies%2Fthe-100-best-sci-fi-movies-of-all-time%2F%2314-back-to-the-future&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStrzelczyk200897-214"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStrzelczyk200897_214-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFStrzelczyk2008">Strzelczyk 2008</a>, p. 97. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrist2018116-215"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrist2018116_215-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGrist2018">Grist 2018</a>, p. 116. </li> <li id="cite_note-SalonORourke-216">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SalonORourke_216-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SalonORourke_216-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpencer2019" class="citation web cs1">Spencer, Keith A. (June 25, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.salon.com/2019/06/25/beto-orourkes-war-tax-is-straight-out-of-starship-troopers/">"Beto O'Rourke's "War Tax" Is Straight Out Of "Starship Troopers""</a>. <a href="/wiki/Salon.com" title="Salon.com">Salon.com</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220612043752/https://www.salon.com/2019/06/25/beto-orourkes-war-tax-is-straight-out-of-starship-troopers/">Archived</a> from the original on June 12, 2022. Retrieved August 11, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Salon.com&rft.atitle=Beto+O%27Rourke%27s+%22War+Tax%22+Is+Straight+Out+Of+%22Starship+Troopers%22&rft.date=2019-06-25&rft.aulast=Spencer&rft.aufirst=Keith+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.salon.com%2F2019%2F06%2F25%2Fbeto-orourkes-war-tax-is-straight-out-of-starship-troopers%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStrzelczyk200894-217"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStrzelczyk200894_217-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFStrzelczyk2008">Strzelczyk 2008</a>, p. 94. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWhitehall2003182–183-218"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWhitehall2003182%E2%80%93183_218-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFWhitehall2003">Whitehall 2003</a>, pp. 182–183. </li> <li id="cite_note-ScreenRant90s-219"><a href="#cite_ref-ScreenRant90s_219-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSharp2020" class="citation web cs1">Sharp, Nathan (April 29, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://screenrant.com/90s-action-movies-critic-hate-audience-love/">"10 Action Movies From The '90s That Critics Hated (But Audiences Loved)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Screen_Rant" title="Screen Rant">Screen Rant</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200611113644/https://screenrant.com/90s-action-movies-critic-hate-audience-love/">Archived</a> from the original on June 11, 2020. Retrieved May 30, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Screen+Rant&rft.atitle=10+Action+Movies+From+The+%2790s+That+Critics+Hated+%28But+Audiences+Loved%29&rft.date=2020-04-29&rft.aulast=Sharp&rft.aufirst=Nathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscreenrant.com%2F90s-action-movies-critic-hate-audience-love%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-AVClub90s-220">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AVClub90s_220-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AVClub90s_220-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVishnevetsky2017" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ignatiy_Vishnevetsky" title="Ignatiy Vishnevetsky">Vishnevetsky, Ignatiy</a> (August 10, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.avclub.com/article/best-movies-1997-259214">"The Best Movies Of 1997"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_A.V._Club" title="The A.V. Club">The A.V. Club</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170810094255/http://www.avclub.com/article/best-movies-1997-259214">Archived</a> from the original on August 10, 2017. Retrieved August 10, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+A.V.+Club&rft.atitle=The+Best+Movies+Of+1997&rft.date=2017-08-10&rft.aulast=Vishnevetsky&rft.aufirst=Ignatiy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.avclub.com%2Farticle%2Fbest-movies-1997-259214&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ViceRetro2024-222"><a href="#cite_ref-ViceRetro2024_222-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPearson2024" class="citation web cs1">Pearson, Jordan (February 20, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vice.com/en/article/starship-troopers-movie-satire-psychic-powers/">"How Starship Troopers' Psychic Subplot Explains Its Divisive Message"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Vice_(magazine)" title="Vice (magazine)">Vice</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240906230651/https://www.vice.com/en/article/starship-troopers-movie-satire-psychic-powers/">Archived</a> from the original on September 6, 2024. Retrieved September 12, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vice&rft.atitle=How+Starship+Troopers%27+Psychic+Subplot+Explains+Its+Divisive+Message&rft.date=2024-02-20&rft.aulast=Pearson&rft.aufirst=Jordan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vice.com%2Fen%2Farticle%2Fstarship-troopers-movie-satire-psychic-powers%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-SlashFilmSequels-223">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SlashFilmSequels_223-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SlashFilmSequels_223-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHunter2020" class="citation web cs1">Hunter, Rob (January 20, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.slashfilm.com/571683/starship-troopers-sequels/">"Should You Enlist For The Starship Troopers DTV Sequels?"</a>. <a href="/wiki//Film" title="/Film">/Film</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220416203539/https://www.slashfilm.com/571683/starship-troopers-sequels/">Archived</a> from the original on April 16, 2022. Retrieved April 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%2FFilm&rft.atitle=Should+You+Enlist+For+The+Starship+Troopers+DTV+Sequels%3F&rft.date=2020-01-20&rft.aulast=Hunter&rft.aufirst=Rob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.slashfilm.com%2F571683%2Fstarship-troopers-sequels%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BestSciFiIGN-225"><a href="#cite_ref-BestSciFiIGN_225-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ign.com/lists/best-science-fiction-movies/22">"Top 100 Sci-Fi Movies"</a>. <a href="/wiki/IGN" title="IGN">IGN</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200411003159/https://www.ign.com/lists/best-science-fiction-movies/22">Archived</a> from the original on April 11, 2020. Retrieved October 1, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IGN&rft.atitle=Top+100+Sci-Fi+Movies&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ign.com%2Flists%2Fbest-science-fiction-movies%2F22&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BestSciFiRT-226"><a href="#cite_ref-BestSciFiRT_226-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://editorial.rottentomatoes.com/guide/best-sci-fi-movies-of-all-time/">"150 Essential Sci-Fi Movies To Watch Now"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200926195854/https://editorial.rottentomatoes.com/guide/best-sci-fi-movies-of-all-time/">Archived</a> from the original on September 26, 2020. Retrieved October 1, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rotten+Tomatoes&rft.atitle=150+Essential+Sci-Fi+Movies+To+Watch+Now&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feditorial.rottentomatoes.com%2Fguide%2Fbest-sci-fi-movies-of-all-time%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BestSciFiThrillist-227"><a href="#cite_ref-BestSciFiThrillist_227-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFischer2016" class="citation web cs1">Fischer, Russ (June 8, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thrillist.com/entertainment/nation/best-sci-fi-movies-of-all-time-ranked">"The 50 Greatest Sci-Fi Films Of All Time"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Thrillist" title="Thrillist">Thrillist</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201112032000/https://www.thrillist.com/entertainment/nation/best-sci-fi-movies-of-all-time-ranked">Archived</a> from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved January 29, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Thrillist&rft.atitle=The+50+Greatest+Sci-Fi+Films+Of+All+Time&rft.date=2016-06-08&rft.aulast=Fischer&rft.aufirst=Russ&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thrillist.com%2Fentertainment%2Fnation%2Fbest-sci-fi-movies-of-all-time-ranked&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bestof90sRollingStone-229"><a href="#cite_ref-Bestof90sRollingStone_229-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrepsTobiasSuskindRothkopf2017" class="citation web cs1">Kreps, Daniel; Tobias, Scott; Suskind, Alex; Rothkopf, Joshua; Murray, Noel; Garrett, Stephen; Scherer, Jenna; Reilly, Phoebe; Grierson, Tim; Hynes, Eric; Ebiri, Bilge; Fear, David; Newman, Jason; Grow, Kory; Collins, Sean T.; Epstein, Dan; Sheffield, Rob; Yoonsoo Kim, Kristen; Mcintyre, Gina; Tallerico, Brian; Bender, Abbey; Berman, Judy; Boone, Steven; Murthi, Vikram (July 12, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rollingstone.com/movies/movie-lists/the-100-greatest-movies-of-the-nineties-195513/starship-troopers-1997-195399/">"The 100 Greatest Movies Of The Nineties"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200508103312/https://www.rollingstone.com/movies/movie-lists/the-100-greatest-movies-of-the-nineties-195513/starship-troopers-1997-195399/">Archived</a> from the original on May 8, 2020. Retrieved August 14, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rolling+Stone&rft.atitle=The+100+Greatest+Movies+Of+The+Nineties&rft.date=2017-07-12&rft.aulast=Kreps&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.au=Tobias%2C+Scott&rft.au=Suskind%2C+Alex&rft.au=Rothkopf%2C+Joshua&rft.au=Murray%2C+Noel&rft.au=Garrett%2C+Stephen&rft.au=Scherer%2C+Jenna&rft.au=Reilly%2C+Phoebe&rft.au=Grierson%2C+Tim&rft.au=Hynes%2C+Eric&rft.au=Ebiri%2C+Bilge&rft.au=Fear%2C+David&rft.au=Newman%2C+Jason&rft.au=Grow%2C+Kory&rft.au=Collins%2C+Sean+T.&rft.au=Epstein%2C+Dan&rft.au=Sheffield%2C+Rob&rft.au=Yoonsoo+Kim%2C+Kristen&rft.au=Mcintyre%2C+Gina&rft.au=Tallerico%2C+Brian&rft.au=Bender%2C+Abbey&rft.au=Berman%2C+Judy&rft.au=Boone%2C+Steven&rft.au=Murthi%2C+Vikram&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollingstone.com%2Fmovies%2Fmovie-lists%2Fthe-100-greatest-movies-of-the-nineties-195513%2Fstarship-troopers-1997-195399%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bestof90sSlant-230"><a href="#cite_ref-Bestof90sSlant_230-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.slantmagazine.com/film/the-100-best-films-of-the-1990s/">"The 100 Best Films Of The 1990s"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Slant_Magazine" title="Slant Magazine">Slant Magazine</a>. November 5, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211008013311/https://www.slantmagazine.com/film/the-100-best-films-of-the-1990s/">Archived</a> from the original on October 8, 2021. Retrieved August 14, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Slant+Magazine&rft.atitle=The+100+Best+Films+Of+The+1990s&rft.date=2012-11-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.slantmagazine.com%2Ffilm%2Fthe-100-best-films-of-the-1990s%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bestof90sTimeout-231"><a href="#cite_ref-Bestof90sTimeout_231-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClarkeCalhounHuddlestonLloyd2019" class="citation web cs1">Clarke, Cath; Calhoun, Dave; Huddleston, Tom; Lloyd, Kate; Manning, James; Tolley, Gail; Waywell, Chris (February 26, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timeout.com/london/film/the-50-best-90s-movies">"The 50 Best '90s Movies"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Time_Out_(magazine)" title="Time Out (magazine)">Time Out</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20200508104536/https://www.timeout.com/london/film/the-50-best-90s-movies">Archived</a> from the original on May 8, 2020. Retrieved August 14, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Time+Out&rft.atitle=The+50+Best+%2790s+Movies&rft.date=2019-02-26&rft.aulast=Clarke&rft.aufirst=Cath&rft.au=Calhoun%2C+Dave&rft.au=Huddleston%2C+Tom&rft.au=Lloyd%2C+Kate&rft.au=Manning%2C+James&rft.au=Tolley%2C+Gail&rft.au=Waywell%2C+Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timeout.com%2Flondon%2Ffilm%2Fthe-50-best-90s-movies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bestof90sIndieWire-232"><a href="#cite_ref-Bestof90sIndieWire_232-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'FaltSharfNordineErbland2017" class="citation web cs1">O'Falt, Chris; Sharf, Zack; Nordine, Michael; Erbland, Kate; Greene, Steve; Ehrlich, David; Righetti, Jamie; Winfrey, Graham (July 14, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indiewire.com/2017/07/best-films-movies-90s-1201852966/">"The 50 Best Films Of The 90s From Pulp Fiction To Groundhog Day"</a>. <a href="/wiki/IndieWire" title="IndieWire">IndieWire</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180528234918/http://www.indiewire.com/2017/07/best-films-movies-90s-1201852966/">Archived</a> from the original on May 28, 2018. Retrieved August 14, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IndieWire&rft.atitle=The+50+Best+Films+Of+The+90s+From+Pulp+Fiction+To+Groundhog+Day&rft.date=2017-07-14&rft.aulast=O%27Falt&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft.au=Sharf%2C+Zack&rft.au=Nordine%2C+Michael&rft.au=Erbland%2C+Kate&rft.au=Greene%2C+Steve&rft.au=Ehrlich%2C+David&rft.au=Righetti%2C+Jamie&rft.au=Winfrey%2C+Graham&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiewire.com%2F2017%2F07%2Fbest-films-movies-90s-1201852966%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BFIGreatAdapt-234"><a href="#cite_ref-BFIGreatAdapt_234-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBitel2021" class="citation web cs1">Bitel, Anton (October 14, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bfi.org.uk/lists/10-great-sci-fi-adaptations">"10 Great Sci-fi Adaptations"</a>. <a href="/wiki/British_Film_Institute" title="British Film Institute">British Film Institute</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220422000306/https://www.bfi.org.uk/lists/10-great-sci-fi-adaptations">Archived</a> from the original on April 22, 2022. Retrieved April 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=British+Film+Institute&rft.atitle=10+Great+Sci-fi+Adaptations&rft.date=2021-10-14&rft.aulast=Bitel&rft.aufirst=Anton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bfi.org.uk%2Flists%2F10-great-sci-fi-adaptations&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-RottenTomatoes-235"><a href="#cite_ref-RottenTomatoes_235-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/starship_troopers">"Starship Troopers (1997)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rotten_Tomatoes" title="Rotten Tomatoes">Rotten Tomatoes</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201101005527/https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/starship_troopers">Archived</a> from the original on November 1, 2020. Retrieved April 12, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rotten+Tomatoes&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers+%281997%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rottentomatoes.com%2Fm%2Fstarship_troopers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Metacritic-236"><a href="#cite_ref-Metacritic_236-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metacritic.com/movie/starship-troopers">"Starship Troopers (1997)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Metacritic" title="Metacritic">Metacritic</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130405091732/http://www.metacritic.com/movie/starship-troopers">Archived</a> from the original on April 5, 2013. Retrieved April 12, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Metacritic&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers+%281997%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.metacritic.com%2Fmovie%2Fstarship-troopers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TheGuardianREtro-237"><a href="#cite_ref-TheGuardianREtro_237-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTobias2020" class="citation web cs1">Tobias, Scott (June 1, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/film/2020/jun/01/total-recall-paul-verhoeven-at-his-best">"Total Recall at 30: A Thrilling Reminder Of Paul Verhoeven At His Best"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210929212514/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2020/jun/01/total-recall-paul-verhoeven-at-his-best">Archived</a> from the original on September 29, 2021. Retrieved November 6, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Total+Recall+at+30%3A+A+Thrilling+Reminder+Of+Paul+Verhoeven+At+His+Best&rft.date=2020-06-01&rft.aulast=Tobias&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ffilm%2F2020%2Fjun%2F01%2Ftotal-recall-paul-verhoeven-at-his-best&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ActionEmpire2016-238"><a href="#cite_ref-ActionEmpire2016_238-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.empireonline.com/movies/features/best-action-movies/">"The 60 Best Action Movies"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Empire_(magazine)" title="Empire (magazine)">Empire</a>. October 1, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181123004554/https://www.empireonline.com/movies/features/best-action-movies/">Archived</a> from the original on November 23, 2018. Retrieved June 22, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Empire&rft.atitle=The+60+Best+Action+Movies&rft.date=2016-10-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.empireonline.com%2Fmovies%2Ffeatures%2Fbest-action-movies%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-VultureCulkin-239"><a href="#cite_ref-VultureCulkin_239-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbriss2018" class="citation web cs1">Abriss, Erik (August 21, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vulture.com/2018/08/macaulay-culkin-on-the-brilliant-satire-of-starship-troopers.html">"Macaulay Culkin Breaks Down The Brilliant Satire Of Starship Troopers"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Vulture_(website)" title="Vulture (website)">Vulture</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220816151207/https://www.vulture.com/2018/08/macaulay-culkin-on-the-brilliant-satire-of-starship-troopers.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 16, 2022. Retrieved August 14, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vulture&rft.atitle=Macaulay+Culkin+Breaks+Down+The+Brilliant+Satire+Of+Starship+Troopers&rft.date=2018-08-21&rft.aulast=Abriss&rft.aufirst=Erik&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vulture.com%2F2018%2F08%2Fmacaulay-culkin-on-the-brilliant-satire-of-starship-troopers.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FarOutMiike-240"><a href="#cite_ref-FarOutMiike_240-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRussell2022" class="citation web cs1">Russell, Calum (August 24, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://faroutmagazine.co.uk/takashi-miike-favourite-movie/">"Takashi Miike Names His Favourite Movie Of All Time"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Far_Out_(website)" title="Far Out (website)">Far Out</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230331065941/https://faroutmagazine.co.uk/takashi-miike-favourite-movie/">Archived</a> from the original on March 31, 2023. Retrieved July 14, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Far+Out&rft.atitle=Takashi+Miike+Names+His+Favourite+Movie+Of+All+Time&rft.date=2022-08-24&rft.aulast=Russell&rft.aufirst=Calum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffaroutmagazine.co.uk%2Ftakashi-miike-favourite-movie%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-IndieWire90sPros-241"><a href="#cite_ref-IndieWire90sPros_241-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEhrlich2022" class="citation web cs1">Ehrlich, David (August 19, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.indiewire.com/gallery/best-movies-90s-stars-lists/sylvester-stallone-and-braden-aftergood-balboa-prods/">"The Best Films Of The '90s: Edgar Wright, Lulu Wang, Bill Hader, John Boyega, And More Share Their Picks"</a>. <a href="/wiki/IndieWire" title="IndieWire">IndieWire</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220822203233/https://www.indiewire.com/gallery/best-movies-90s-stars-lists/">Archived</a> from the original on August 22, 2022. Retrieved August 14, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IndieWire&rft.atitle=The+Best+Films+Of+The+%2790s%3A+Edgar+Wright%2C+Lulu+Wang%2C+Bill+Hader%2C+John+Boyega%2C+And+More+Share+Their+Picks&rft.date=2022-08-19&rft.aulast=Ehrlich&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiewire.com%2Fgallery%2Fbest-movies-90s-stars-lists%2Fsylvester-stallone-and-braden-aftergood-balboa-prods%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Inverse2021TVSeries-242">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Inverse2021TVSeries_242-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Inverse2021TVSeries_242-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPruner2021" class="citation web cs1">Pruner, Aaron (February 27, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.inverse.com/entertainment/starship-troopers-reboot-show-casper-van-dien-robert-rodriguez">"Casper Van Dien Has A Genius Idea For A Starship Troopers Streaming Series"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Inverse_(website)" title="Inverse (website)">Inverse</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220310163515/https://www.inverse.com/entertainment/starship-troopers-reboot-show-casper-van-dien-robert-rodriguez">Archived</a> from the original on March 10, 2022. Retrieved August 18, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Inverse&rft.atitle=Casper+Van+Dien+Has+A+Genius+Idea+For+A+Starship+Troopers+Streaming+Series&rft.date=2021-02-27&rft.aulast=Pruner&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.inverse.com%2Fentertainment%2Fstarship-troopers-reboot-show-casper-van-dien-robert-rodriguez&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PCGamer-243"><a href="#cite_ref-PCGamer_243-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStanton2024" class="citation web cs1">Stanton, Rich (June 11, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pcgamer.com/games/fps/casper-van-dien-is-loving-the-starship-troopers-renaissance-but-still-finds-it-mind-boggling-how-some-take-it-at-face-value-my-grandfather-fought-against-the-nazis-and-its-not-a-pro-war-filmeverybody-fing-dies/">"Casper Van Dien Is Loving The Starship Troopers Renaissance But Finds It Mind-boggling Some Still Take It At Face Value: 'My Grandfather Fought Against The Nazis, And It's Not A Pro-war Film—Everybody F***Ing Dies!'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/PC_Gamer" title="PC Gamer">PC Gamer</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240611220611/https://www.pcgamer.com/games/fps/casper-van-dien-is-loving-the-starship-troopers-renaissance-but-still-finds-it-mind-boggling-how-some-take-it-at-face-value-my-grandfather-fought-against-the-nazis-and-its-not-a-pro-war-filmeverybody-fing-dies/">Archived</a> from the original on June 11, 2024. Retrieved June 11, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PC+Gamer&rft.atitle=Casper+Van+Dien+Is+Loving+The+Starship+Troopers+Renaissance+But+Finds+It+Mind-boggling+Some+Still+Take+It+At+Face+Value%3A+%27My+Grandfather+Fought+Against+The+Nazis%2C+And+It%27s+Not+A+Pro-war+Film%E2%80%94Everybody+F%2A%2A%2AIng+Dies%21%27&rft.date=2024-06-11&rft.aulast=Stanton&rft.aufirst=Rich&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pcgamer.com%2Fgames%2Ffps%2Fcasper-van-dien-is-loving-the-starship-troopers-renaissance-but-still-finds-it-mind-boggling-how-some-take-it-at-face-value-my-grandfather-fought-against-the-nazis-and-its-not-a-pro-war-filmeverybody-fing-dies%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Futurama-244"><a href="#cite_ref-Futurama_244-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVeronne2014" class="citation web cs1">Veronne, Patrick M. (September 21, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://slate.com/technology/2014/09/futurama-writer-patric-verrone-on-how-the-cartoon-depicted-asymmetrical-warfare.html">""Welcome to the War of Tomorrow""</a>. <a href="/wiki/Slate_(magazine)" title="Slate (magazine)">Slate</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240728170835/https://slate.com/technology/2014/09/futurama-writer-patric-verrone-on-how-the-cartoon-depicted-asymmetrical-warfare.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 28, 2024. Retrieved September 17, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Slate&rft.atitle=%22Welcome+to+the+War+of+Tomorrow%22&rft.date=2014-09-21&rft.aulast=Veronne&rft.aufirst=Patrick+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fslate.com%2Ftechnology%2F2014%2F09%2Ffuturama-writer-patric-verrone-on-how-the-cartoon-depicted-asymmetrical-warfare.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-InfAnime-245"><a href="#cite_ref-InfAnime_245-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaabedra2022" class="citation web cs1">Saabedra, Humberto (April 15, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.crunchyroll.com/news/latest/2022/4/15/kaguya-samas-season-3-ed-channels-a-very-familiar-and-campy-sci-fi-movie">"Kaguya-sama's Season 3 ED Channels A Very Familiar And Campy Sci-Fi Movie"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Crunchyroll" title="Crunchyroll">Crunchyroll</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20240611174255/https://www.crunchyroll.com/news/latest/2022/4/15/kaguya-samas-season-3-ed-channels-a-very-familiar-and-campy-sci-fi-movie">Archived</a> from the original on June 11, 2024. Retrieved June 11, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Crunchyroll&rft.atitle=Kaguya-sama%27s+Season+3+ED+Channels+A+Very+Familiar+And+Campy+Sci-Fi+Movie&rft.date=2022-04-15&rft.aulast=Saabedra&rft.aufirst=Humberto&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.crunchyroll.com%2Fnews%2Flatest%2F2022%2F4%2F15%2Fkaguya-samas-season-3-ed-channels-a-very-familiar-and-campy-sci-fi-movie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-InfHelldivers-246"><a href="#cite_ref-InfHelldivers_246-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCripe2024" class="citation web cs1">Cripe, Michael (May 2, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ign.com/articles/starship-troopers-casper-van-dien-reacts-to-helldivers-2-i-feel-like-im-already-part-of-it">"Starship Troopers' Casper Van Dien Reacts To Helldivers 2: 'I Feel Like I'm Already Part Of It'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/IGN" title="IGN">IGN</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240508072706/https://www.ign.com/articles/starship-troopers-casper-van-dien-reacts-to-helldivers-2-i-feel-like-im-already-part-of-it">Archived</a> from the original on May 8, 2024. Retrieved June 11, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IGN&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers%27+Casper+Van+Dien+Reacts+To+Helldivers+2%3A+%27I+Feel+Like+I%27m+Already+Part+Of+It%27&rft.date=2024-05-02&rft.aulast=Cripe&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ign.com%2Farticles%2Fstarship-troopers-casper-van-dien-reacts-to-helldivers-2-i-feel-like-im-already-part-of-it&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Helldivers1-247"><a href="#cite_ref-Helldivers1_247-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnkers-Range2024" class="citation web cs1">Ankers-Range, Adele (March 21, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ign.com/articles/helldivers-2-director-starship-troopers-renewed-interest-incredible">"Helldivers 2 Director Calls Renewed Interest In Starship Troopers After Game Success 'Incredible'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/IGN" title="IGN">IGN</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240711225538/https://www.ign.com/articles/helldivers-2-director-starship-troopers-renewed-interest-incredible">Archived</a> from the original on July 11, 2024. Retrieved September 12, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IGN&rft.atitle=Helldivers+2+Director+Calls+Renewed+Interest+In+Starship+Troopers+After+Game+Success+%27Incredible%27&rft.date=2024-03-21&rft.aulast=Ankers-Range&rft.aufirst=Adele&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ign.com%2Farticles%2Fhelldivers-2-director-starship-troopers-renewed-interest-incredible&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-HellDivers2-248"><a href="#cite_ref-HellDivers2_248-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalker2024" class="citation web cs1">Walker, John (February 20, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.yahoo.com/entertainment/helldivers-2-giving-starship-troopers-194308625.html">"Helldivers 2 Is Giving Starship Troopers the Renaissance It Deserves"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Yahoo" title="Yahoo">Yahoo</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240911150340/https://www.yahoo.com/entertainment/helldivers-2-giving-starship-troopers-194308625.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 11, 2024. Retrieved September 12, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yahoo&rft.atitle=Helldivers+2+Is+Giving+Starship+Troopers+the+Renaissance+It+Deserves&rft.date=2024-02-20&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.yahoo.com%2Fentertainment%2Fhelldivers-2-giving-starship-troopers-194308625.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-THRTraitor-249"><a href="#cite_ref-THRTraitor_249-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcMillan2017" class="citation web cs1">McMillan, Graeme (June 5, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/starship-troopers-animated-sequel-traitor-mars-debut-theaters-one-night-1010088/">"Starship Troopers Animated Sequel Traitor of Mars To Debut In Theaters For One Night Only"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter" title="The Hollywood Reporter">The Hollywood Reporter</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220407195400/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/starship-troopers-animated-sequel-traitor-mars-debut-theaters-one-night-1010088/">Archived</a> from the original on April 7, 2022. Retrieved August 14, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hollywood+Reporter&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers+Animated+Sequel+Traitor+of+Mars+To+Debut+In+Theaters+For+One+Night+Only&rft.date=2017-06-05&rft.aulast=McMillan&rft.aufirst=Graeme&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hollywoodreporter.com%2Fmovies%2Fmovie-news%2Fstarship-troopers-animated-sequel-traitor-mars-debut-theaters-one-night-1010088%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-IGNInvasion-250"><a href="#cite_ref-IGNInvasion_250-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShaffer2012" class="citation web cs1">Shaffer, RL (September 20, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ign.com/articles/2012/09/20/starship-troopers-invasion-blu-ray-review">"Starship Troopers: Invasion Blu-ray Review"</a>. <a href="/wiki/IGN" title="IGN">IGN</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220727191339/https://www.ign.com/articles/2012/09/20/starship-troopers-invasion-blu-ray-review">Archived</a> from the original on July 27, 2022. Retrieved August 14, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IGN&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers%3A+Invasion+Blu-ray+Review&rft.date=2012-09-20&rft.aulast=Shaffer&rft.aufirst=RL&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ign.com%2Farticles%2F2012%2F09%2F20%2Fstarship-troopers-invasion-blu-ray-review&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-EmpireReboot-251"><a href="#cite_ref-EmpireReboot_251-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhite2011" class="citation web cs1">White, James (December 4, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120323211506/http://www.empireonline.com/news/story.asp?NID=32603">"Starship Troopers Remake Planned"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Empire_(magazine)" title="Empire (magazine)">Empire</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.empireonline.com/news/story.asp?NID=32603">the original</a> on March 23, 2012. Retrieved January 27, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Empire&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers+Remake+Planned&rft.date=2011-12-04&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.empireonline.com%2Fnews%2Fstory.asp%3FNID%3D32603&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-THRReboot-252"><a href="#cite_ref-THRReboot_252-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKit2016" class="citation web cs1">Kit, Borys (November 3, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/starship-troopers-reboot-works-943882">"Starship Troopers Reboot In The Works (Exclusive)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter" title="The Hollywood Reporter">The Hollywood Reporter</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170610170727/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/starship-troopers-reboot-works-943882">Archived</a> from the original on June 10, 2017. Retrieved June 7, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hollywood+Reporter&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers+Reboot+In+The+Works+%28Exclusive%29&rft.date=2016-11-03&rft.aulast=Kit&rft.aufirst=Borys&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hollywoodreporter.com%2Fheat-vision%2Fstarship-troopers-reboot-works-943882&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Books">Books</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Books" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuéret2016" class="citation book cs1">Guéret, Olivier (2016). Margaret Barton-Fumo (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://muse.jhu.edu/book/110719">Paul Verhoeven: Interviews</a>. United States: <a href="/wiki/University_Press_of_Mississippi" title="University Press of Mississippi">University Press of Mississippi</a>. pp. 126–129. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1496810199" title="Special:BookSources/978-1496810199"><bdi>978-1496810199</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Paul+Verhoeven%3A+Interviews&rft.place=United+States&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E126-%3C%2Fspan%3E129&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Mississippi&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-1496810199&rft.aulast=Gu%C3%A9ret&rft.aufirst=Olivier&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmuse.jhu.edu%2Fbook%2F110719&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrist2018" class="citation book cs1">Grist, Leighton (2018). "A (Fascist) New World Order/A (Fascistically Contested) New World Order". Fascism and Millennial American Cinema. United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Palgrave_Macmillan" title="Palgrave Macmillan">Palgrave Macmillan</a>. pp. 115–156. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1057%2F978-1-137-59566-9_4">10.1057/978-1-137-59566-9_4</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1137595652" title="Special:BookSources/978-1137595652"><bdi>978-1137595652</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=A+%28Fascist%29+New+World+Order%2FA+%28Fascistically+Contested%29+New+World+Order&rft.btitle=Fascism+and+Millennial+American+Cinema&rft.place=United+Kingdom&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E115-%3C%2Fspan%3E156&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1057%2F978-1-137-59566-9_4&rft.isbn=978-1137595652&rft.aulast=Grist&rft.aufirst=Leighton&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSammon1997" class="citation book cs1">Sammon, Paul M. (1997). The Making Of Starship Troopers. United States: <a href="/wiki/Little,_Brown_and_Company" title="Little, Brown and Company">Little, Brown and Company</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0316644617" title="Special:BookSources/978-0316644617"><bdi>978-0316644617</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Making+Of+Starship+Troopers&rft.place=United+States&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown+and+Company&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0316644617&rft.aulast=Sammon&rft.aufirst=Paul+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShippey2000" class="citation book cs1">Shippey, Tom (2000). "Starship Troopers, Galactic Heroes, Mercenary Princes: the Military and its Discontents in Science Fiction". Histories of the Future: Studies in Fact, Fantasy and Science Fiction. United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Palgrave_Macmillan" title="Palgrave Macmillan">Palgrave Macmillan</a>. pp. 168–183. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-1-4039-1929-8_12">10.1007/978-1-4039-1929-8_12</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0295993058" title="Special:BookSources/978-0295993058"><bdi>978-0295993058</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers%2C+Galactic+Heroes%2C+Mercenary+Princes%3A+the+Military+and+its+Discontents+in+Science+Fiction&rft.btitle=Histories+of+the+Future%3A+Studies+in+Fact%2C+Fantasy+and+Science+Fiction&rft.place=United+Kingdom&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E168-%3C%2Fspan%3E183&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-1-4039-1929-8_12&rft.isbn=978-0295993058&rft.aulast=Shippey&rft.aufirst=Tom&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWarren2016" class="citation book cs1">Warren, Bill (2016). Margaret Barton-Fumo (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://muse.jhu.edu/book/110719">Paul Verhoeven: Interviews</a>. United States: <a href="/wiki/University_Press_of_Mississippi" title="University Press of Mississippi">University Press of Mississippi</a>. pp. 120–125. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1496810199" title="Special:BookSources/978-1496810199"><bdi>978-1496810199</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Paul+Verhoeven%3A+Interviews&rft.place=United+States&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E120-%3C%2Fspan%3E125&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Mississippi&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-1496810199&rft.aulast=Warren&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmuse.jhu.edu%2Fbook%2F110719&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhitehall2003" class="citation book cs1">Whitehall, G. (2003). "The Problem of the "World and Beyond"". To Seek Out New Worlds: Exploring Links between Science Fiction and World Politics. United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Palgrave_Macmillan" title="Palgrave Macmillan">Palgrave Macmillan</a>. pp. 169–193. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1057%2F9781403982087_8">10.1057/9781403982087_8</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1403960580" title="Special:BookSources/978-1403960580"><bdi>978-1403960580</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Problem+of+the+%22World+and+Beyond%22&rft.btitle=To+Seek+Out+New+Worlds%3A+Exploring+Links+between+Science+Fiction+and+World+Politics&rft.place=United+Kingdom&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E169-%3C%2Fspan%3E193&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1057%2F9781403982087_8&rft.isbn=978-1403960580&rft.aulast=Whitehall&rft.aufirst=G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Journals">Journals</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Journals" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrim2009" class="citation journal cs1">Crim, Brian E (2009). ""A World That Works": Fascism and Media Globalization in Starship Troopers". <a href="/wiki/Film_%26_History" title="Film & History">Film & History: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Film and Television Studies</a>. 39 (2). United States: Center for the Study of Film & History: 17–25. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fflm.0.0105">10.1353/flm.0.0105</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Film+%26+History%3A+An+Interdisciplinary+Journal+of+Film+and+Television+Studies&rft.atitle=%22A+World+That+Works%22%3A+Fascism+and+Media+Globalization+in+Starship+Troopers&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E17-%3C%2Fspan%3E25&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1353%2Fflm.0.0105&rft.aulast=Crim&rft.aufirst=Brian+E&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHansen2001" class="citation journal cs1">Hansen, Lene (2001). "Feminism in the Fascist Utopia: gender and world order in Starship Troopers". <a href="/wiki/International_Feminist_Journal_of_Politics" title="International Feminist Journal of Politics">International Feminist Journal of Politics</a>. 3 (2). United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Taylor_%26_Francis" title="Taylor & Francis">Taylor & Francis</a>: 25–44. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F14616740110053065">10.1080/14616740110053065</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Feminist+Journal+of+Politics&rft.atitle=Feminism+in+the+Fascist+Utopia%3A+gender+and+world+order+in+Starship+Troopers&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E25-%3C%2Fspan%3E44&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F14616740110053065&rft.aulast=Hansen&rft.aufirst=Lene&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosenthal2001" class="citation journal cs1">Rosenthal, Mark E. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://heinonline.org/HOL/P?h=hein.journals/griffith10&i=374">"The Violent Excess of the Image and the Negation of Law in Starship Troopers"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Griffith_Law_School" title="Griffith Law School">Griffith Law Review</a>. 10 (2). Australia: <a href="/wiki/Griffith_University" title="Griffith University">Griffith University</a>: 172–186.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Griffith+Law+Review&rft.atitle=The+Violent+Excess+of+the+Image+and+the+Negation+of+Law+in+Starship+Troopers&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E172-%3C%2Fspan%3E186&rft.date=2001&rft.aulast=Rosenthal&rft.aufirst=Mark+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fheinonline.org%2FHOL%2FP%3Fh%3Dhein.journals%2Fgriffith10%26i%3D374&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStrzelczyk2008" class="citation journal cs1">Strzelczyk, Florentine (January 2008). "Our Future—Our Past: Fascism, Postmodernism, and Starship Troopers (1997)". <a href="/wiki/Modernism/modernity" title="Modernism/modernity">Modernism/modernity</a>. 15 (1). United States: <a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_University_Press" title="Johns Hopkins University Press">Johns Hopkins University Press</a>: 87–99. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fmod.2008.0012">10.1353/mod.2008.0012</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Modernism%2Fmodernity&rft.atitle=Our+Future%E2%80%94Our+Past%3A+Fascism%2C+Postmodernism%2C+and+Starship+Troopers+%281997%29&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E87-%3C%2Fspan%3E99&rft.date=2008-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1353%2Fmod.2008.0012&rft.aulast=Strzelczyk&rft.aufirst=Florentine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliams2009" class="citation journal cs1">Williams, Paul (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.muse.jhu.edu/article/269116">"Starship Troopers, the War on Terror and the spectacle of censorship"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Liverpool_University_Press" title="Liverpool University Press">Science Fiction Film and Television</a>. 2 (1). United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Liverpool_University_Press" title="Liverpool University Press">Liverpool University Press</a>: 25–44. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3828%2Fsfftv.2.1.2">10.3828/sfftv.2.1.2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+Fiction+Film+and+Television&rft.atitle=Starship+Troopers%2C+the+War+on+Terror+and+the+spectacle+of+censorship&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E25-%3C%2Fspan%3E44&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3828%2Fsfftv.2.1.2&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.muse.jhu.edu%2Farticle%2F269116&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStarship+Troopers+%28film%29" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(13)"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-13 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-13"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.afi.com/Catalog/moviedetails/61484">Starship Troopers</a> at the <a href="/wiki/AFI_Catalog_of_Feature_Films" title="AFI Catalog of Feature Films">AFI Catalog of Feature Films</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0120201/">Starship Troopers</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/328903/enwp">Starship Troopers</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Turner_Classic_Movies" title="Turner Classic Movies">TCM Movie Database</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:<ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><a href="/wiki/File:EC1835_C_cut.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/EC1835_C_cut.jpg/16px-EC1835_C_cut.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="19" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="506" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 16px;height: 19px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/EC1835_C_cut.jpg/16px-EC1835_C_cut.jpg" data-alt="icon" data-width="16" data-height="19" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/EC1835_C_cut.jpg/24px-EC1835_C_cut.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/EC1835_C_cut.jpg/32px-EC1835_C_cut.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:1990s" title="Portal:1990s">1990s</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/19px-Video-x-generic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 19px;height: 19px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/19px-Video-x-generic.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="19" data-height="19" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/29px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/38px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Portal:Film" title="Portal:Film">Film</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><noscript><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 21px;height: 11px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" data-alt="flag" data-width="21" data-height="11" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/42px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><a href="/wiki/File:Sf-userbox.png" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Sf-userbox.png/19px-Sf-userbox.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 19px;height: 19px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Sf-userbox.png/19px-Sf-userbox.png" data-alt="icon" data-width="19" data-height="19" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Sf-userbox.png/29px-Sf-userbox.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Sf-userbox.png/38px-Sf-userbox.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Science fiction">Science fiction</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><a href="/wiki/File:Dragon-149393.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Dragon-149393.svg/18px-Dragon-149393.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="19" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="529"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 19px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Dragon-149393.svg/18px-Dragon-149393.svg.png" data-alt="icon" data-width="18" data-height="19" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Dragon-149393.svg/28px-Dragon-149393.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Dragon-149393.svg/37px-Dragon-149393.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Speculative_fiction" title="Portal:Speculative fiction">Speculative fiction</a></li></ul></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236088147">.mw-parser-output .sister-bar{display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline;font-size:88%;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em 0 0;padding:0 2em}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;padding:0.2em 0;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px;line-height:22px}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;align-items:baseline;padding:0.2em 0;column-gap:1em;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-item{display:flex;align-items:baseline;margin:0.15em 0;min-height:24px;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-logo{width:22px;line-height:22px;margin:0 0.2em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-link{margin:0 0.2em;text-align:left}@media screen and (max-width:960px){.mw-parser-output .sister-bar{flex-flow:column wrap;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-header{flex:0 1}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-content{flex:1;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-item{flex:0 0 20em;min-width:20em}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+link+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+style+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+.navbox-styles+.portal-bar{margin-top:-1px}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sister-bar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="noprint metadata sister-bar" role="navigation" aria-label="sister-projects"><div class="sister-bar-header">Starship Troopers (film) at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects">sister projects</a>:</div><ul class="sister-bar-content"><li class="sister-bar-item"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/14px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="19" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 14px;height: 19px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/14px-Commons-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="14" data-height="19" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/21px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/28px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Starship_Troopers" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Starship Troopers">Media</a> from Commons</li><li class="sister-bar-item"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/21px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 21px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/21px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="21" data-height="12" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/32px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/42px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q478626" class="extiw" title="d:Q478626">Data</a> from Wikidata</li></ul></div>    </section></div> <noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=mobile&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&oldid=1273718849">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&oldid=1273718849</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> Last edited on 3 February 2025, at 17:52 </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%A8_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B2_(%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%85)" title="ستارشيب تروبرز (فيلم) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ستارشيب تروبرز (فيلم)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starship_Troopers_(cinta)" title="Starship Troopers (cinta) – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Starship Troopers (cinta)" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Звездни рейнджъри – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Звездни рейнджъри" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starship_Troopers_(film)" title="Starship Troopers (film) – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Starship Troopers (film)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starship_Troopers:_Les_brigades_de_l%27espai" title="Starship Troopers: Les brigades de l'espai – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Starship Troopers: Les brigades de l'espai" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starship_Troopers" title="Starship Troopers – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Starship Troopers" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starship_Troopers_(film)" title="Starship Troopers (film) – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Starship Troopers (film)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starship_Troopers_(Film)" title="Starship Troopers (Film) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Starship Troopers (Film)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starship_Troopers_-_Fanteria_dello_spazio" title="Starship Troopers - Fanteria dello spazio – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Starship Troopers - Fanteria dello spazio" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Emiliàn e rumagnòl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starship_Troopers_(pel%C3%ADcula)" title="Starship Troopers (película) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Starship Troopers (película)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starship_Troopers_(filma)" title="Starship Troopers (filma) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Starship Troopers (filma)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88_(%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%85)" title="جنگاوران اخترناو (فیلم) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جنگاوران اخترناو (فیلم)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starship_Troopers" title="Starship Troopers – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Starship Troopers" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starship_Troopers_(film)" title="Starship Troopers (film) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Starship Troopers (film)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starship_Troopers_(filme)" title="Starship Troopers (filme) – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Starship Troopers (filme)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%80%EC%8B%AD_%ED%8A%B8%EB%A3%A8%ED%8D%BC%EC%8A%A4_(%EC%98%81%ED%99%94)" title="스타십 트루퍼스 (영화) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="스타십 트루퍼스 (영화)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starship_Troopers_(film)" title="Starship Troopers (film) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Starship Troopers (film)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starship_Troopers_-_Fanteria_dello_spazio" title="Starship Troopers - Fanteria dello spazio – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Starship Troopers - Fanteria dello spazio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%91%D7%97%D7%9C%D7%9C" title="גברים בחלל – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גברים בחלל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zvaig%C5%BE%C5%86u_ku%C4%A3a_kareivji_(filma)" title="Zvaigžņu kuģa kareivji (filma) – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Zvaigžņu kuģa kareivji (filma)" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erdv%C4%97laivio_kariai" title="Erdvėlaivio kariai – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Erdvėlaivio kariai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Csillagk%C3%B6zi_inv%C3%A1zi%C3%B3_(film)" title="Csillagközi invázió (film) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Csillagközi invázió (film)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starship_Troopers_(filem)" title="Starship Troopers (filem) – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Starship Troopers (filem)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starship_Troopers_(film)" title="Starship Troopers (film) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Starship Troopers (film)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B7%E3%83%83%E3%83%97%E3%83%BB%E3%83%88%E3%82%A5%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%91%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BA" title="スターシップ・トゥルーパーズ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="スターシップ・トゥルーパーズ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starship_Troopers_(film)" title="Starship Troopers (film) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Starship Troopers (film)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BBo%C5%82nierze_kosmosu" title="Żołnierze kosmosu – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Żołnierze kosmosu" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starship_Troopers_(filme)" title="Starship Troopers (filme) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Starship Troopers (filme)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infanteria_stelar%C4%83_(film)" title="Infanteria stelară (film) – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Infanteria stelară (film)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B2%D1%91%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82_(%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC)" title="Звёздный десант (фильм) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Звёздный десант (фильм)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starship_Troopers_(film)" title="Starship Troopers (film) – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Starship Troopers (film)" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svemirski_vojnici" title="Svemirski vojnici – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Svemirski vojnici" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starship_Troopers_(film)" title="Starship Troopers (film) – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Starship Troopers (film)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starship_Troopers_%E2%80%93_Universumin_sotilaat" title="Starship Troopers – Universumin sotilaat – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Starship Troopers – Universumin sotilaat" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starship_Troopers" title="Starship Troopers – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Starship Troopers" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5" title="สงครามหมื่นขาล่าล้างจักรวาล – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สงครามหมื่นขาล่าล้างจักรวาล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y%C4%B1ld%C4%B1z_Gemisi_Askerleri" title="Yıldız Gemisi Askerleri – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yıldız Gemisi Askerleri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82_(%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC)" title="Зоряний десант (фільм) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Зоряний десант (фільм)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%98%9F%E6%B2%B3%E6%88%B0%E9%9A%8A_(%E9%9B%BB%E5%BD%B1)" title="星河戰隊 (電影) – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="星河戰隊 (電影)" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%98%9F%E6%B2%B3%E6%88%B0%E9%9A%8A_(%E9%9B%BB%E5%BD%B1)" title="星河戰隊 (電影) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="星河戰隊 (電影)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 3 February 2025, at 17:52 (UTC).</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Content is available under <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-terms-use"><a href="https://foundation.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Terms of Use</a></li> <li id="footer-places-desktop-toggle"><a id="mw-mf-display-toggle" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Starship_Troopers_(film)&mobileaction=toggle_view_desktop" data-event-name="switch_to_desktop">Desktop</a></li> </ul> </div> </footer> </div> </div> <div class="mw-notification-area" data-mw="interface"></div>  <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-b766959bd-q8k8j","wgBackendResponseTime":372,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.908","walltime":"2.281","ppvisitednodes":{"value":25447,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":379725,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":30277,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":31,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":25,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":667968,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1997.544 1 -total"," 35.26% 704.379 3 Template:Reflist"," 27.24% 544.137 124 Template:Cite_web"," 17.57% 350.921 141 Template:Sfn"," 4.86% 97.004 4 Template:See_also"," 4.83% 96.527 25 Template:Efn"," 4.64% 92.756 1 Template:Subject_bar"," 4.47% 89.371 1 Template:Infobox_film"," 3.80% 75.916 2 Template:Navbox"," 3.65% 72.937 1 Template:Infobox"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"1.085","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":12162651,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFAbriss2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAnkers-Range2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFArmitage2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBailey2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBerardinelli\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBeresford2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBitel2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBlevins2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBreihan2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBurgin2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFByrd2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFClarkeCalhounHuddlestonLloyd2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFClemmensen1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCotter2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCrim2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCripe2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFD\u0026#039;AngeloMurrayRobinsonPhipps2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDeininger2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEbert1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEhrlich2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEller1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEllerBates1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFarley2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFischer2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFrancisco2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFranich2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFretts2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGleiberman1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGrierson2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGrist2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGuéret2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHafer2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHansen2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHarris2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHoad2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHunter1997\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFHunter2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKatz1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKeefer2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKempley1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKit2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKrepsTobiasSuskindRothkopf2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKronke1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLaSalle1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLambie2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLambie2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLangston2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLealos2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLowe2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMacias2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMagid2020\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFMarsh2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMaslin1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMathews1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMatzer1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcMillan2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMeisfjord2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMilner2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMitchell2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMooney2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMuttalib1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFO\u0026#039;FaltSharfNordineErbland2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFO\u0026#039;Hehir2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFO\u0026#039;Rourke2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPearson2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPierce-Bohen2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPruner2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRabinMurrayTobias2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFReed2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRivera2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRobley2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRosenbaum2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRosenberg\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRosenthal2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRoth2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRussell2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSaabedra2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSammon1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShaffer2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSharp2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShippey2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSinger2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSmith2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSmithWilliams2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSpencer2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStanton2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStrauss1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStrzelczyk2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSvetkey1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTobias2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTobias2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTobias2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTobias2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTrumbore2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTuran1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVeronne2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVishnevetsky2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVoss1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWalker2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWarren2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWasserman2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWeinraub1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWelkos1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWhite2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWhitehall2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWilliams2009\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"!\"] = 1,\n [\"'\"] = 9,\n [\"'\\\"\"] = 3,\n [\"'s\"] = 6,\n [\"AFI film\"] = 1,\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"Based on\"] = 1,\n [\"Bots\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 6,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 5,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 124,\n [\"Clear\"] = 1,\n [\"Convert\"] = 1,\n [\"Convert abbreviated\"] = 6,\n [\"Efn\"] = 22,\n [\"Efn-lr\"] = 3,\n [\"Featured article\"] = 1,\n [\"Film date\"] = 1,\n [\"Format price\"] = 3,\n [\"IMDb title\"] = 1,\n [\"Inflation\"] = 3,\n [\"Inflation/year\"] = 2,\n [\"Infobox film\"] = 1,\n [\"Listen\"] = 1,\n [\"Main\"] = 2,\n [\"Multiple image\"] = 4,\n [\"Notelist\"] = 1,\n [\"Notelist-lr\"] = 1,\n [\"Nowrap\"] = 1,\n [\"Paul Verhoeven\"] = 1,\n [\"Plainlist\"] = 5,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Rotten Tomatoes data\"] = 3,\n [\"See also\"] = 4,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 141,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Starship Troopers\"] = 1,\n [\"Subject bar\"] = 1,\n [\"TCMDb title\"] = 1,\n [\"Use American English\"] = 1,\n [\"Use list-defined references\"] = 1,\n [\"Use mdy dates\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\nciteref_patterns = table#1 {\n}\n","limitreport-profile":[["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","280","23.3"],["?","160","13.3"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getExpandedArgument","80","6.7"],["dataWrapper \u003Cmw.lua:672\u003E","80","6.7"],["recursiveClone \u003CmwInit.lua:45\u003E","80","6.7"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::gsub","60","5.0"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getAllExpandedArguments","60","5.0"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::formatDate","40","3.3"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::plain","40","3.3"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::match","40","3.3"],["[others]","280","23.3"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-868759585b-8ntnh","timestamp":"20250214050543","ttl":3600,"transientcontent":true}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Starship Troopers (film)","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Starship_Troopers_(film)","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q478626","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q478626","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2003-03-31T05:10:20Z","dateModified":"2025-02-03T17:52:53Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/d\/df\/Starship_Troopers_-_movie_poster.jpg","headline":"1997 film directed by Paul Verhoeven"}</script><script>(window.NORLQ=window.NORLQ||[]).push(function(){var ns,i,p,img;ns=document.getElementsByTagName('noscript');for(i=0;i<ns.length;i++){p=ns[i].nextSibling;if(p&&p.className&&p.className.indexOf('lazy-image-placeholder')>-1){img=document.createElement('img');img.setAttribute('src',p.getAttribute('data-src'));img.setAttribute('width',p.getAttribute('data-width'));img.setAttribute('height',p.getAttribute('data-height'));img.setAttribute('alt',p.getAttribute('data-alt'));p.parentNode.replaceChild(img,p);}}});</script> </body> </html>