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vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">movigi al flanka panelo</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">kaŝi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Komenco</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Etimologio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etimologio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Etimologio</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etimologio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Akemenida_epoko" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Akemenida_epoko"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Akemenida epoko</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Akemenida_epoko-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referencoj" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referencoj"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Referencoj</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referencoj-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Bibliografio</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksteraj_ligiloj" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksteraj_ligiloj"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Eksteraj ligiloj</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksteraj_ligiloj-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Enhavo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ŝaltu la enhavtabelon" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ŝaltu la enhavtabelon</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Makran</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Iru al artikolo en alia lingvo. Havebla en 37 lingvo" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-37" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">37 lingvoj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86" title="مكران — araba" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مكران" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="araba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Мекран — belorusa" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мекран" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belorusa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Мекрански планини — bulgara" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Мекрански планини" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regi%C3%B3_de_Makran" title="Regió de Makran — kataluna" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Regió de Makran" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="kataluna" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makr%C3%A1n" title="Makrán — ĉeĥa" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Makrán" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ĉeĥa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makran" title="Makran — kimra" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Makran" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="kimra" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makran" title="Makran — germana" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Makran" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Μακρανία — greka" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μακρανία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makran" title="Makran — angla" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Makran" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makr%C3%A1n" title="Makrán — hispana" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Makrán" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hispana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makran" title="Makran — eŭska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Makran" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="eŭska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86" title="مکران — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مکران" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makran" title="Makran — finna" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Makran" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finna" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makran" title="Makran — franca" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Makran" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="मकरान — hinda" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मकरान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hinda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makran" title="Makran — kroata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Makran" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makr%C3%A1n" title="Makrán — hungara" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Makrán" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hungara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makran" title="Makran — indonezia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Makran" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makran" title="Makran — itala" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Makran" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makranas" title="Makranas — litova" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Makranas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BE" title="मखराणा — marata" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मखराणा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makran" title="Makran — novnorvega" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Makran" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="novnorvega" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="ਮਕਰਾਨ — panĝaba" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮਕਰਾਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panĝaba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mekran_(g%C3%B3ry)" title="Mekran (góry) — pola" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mekran (góry)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="pola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86" title="مکران — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="مکران" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86" title="مکران — paŝtua" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="مکران" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paŝtua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macr%C3%A3o" title="Macrão — portugala" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Macrão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Мекран — rusa" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мекран" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DA%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86" title="مڪران — sinda" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="مڪران" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sinda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makran" title="Makran — serbo-Kroata" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Makran" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-Kroata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makran" title="Makran — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Makran" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Макран — serba" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Макран" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mekran" title="Mekran — turka" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mekran" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Мекран — ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мекран" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86" title="مکران — urduo" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مکران" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urduo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makron" title="Makron — uzbeka" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Makron" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B0" title="莫克兰 — ĉina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="莫克兰" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ĉina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q695111#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redakti interlingvajn ligilojn" class="wbc-editpage">Redakti ligilojn</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nomspacoj"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Makran" title="Vidi la artikolon [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikolo</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diskuto:Makran&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Diskuto pri la artikolo (paĝo ne ekzistas) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskuto</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ŝanĝi lingvan varianton" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Esperanto</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Vidoj"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Makran"><span>Legi</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Makran&veaction=edit" title="Redakti ĉi tiun paĝon [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Redakti</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Makran&action=edit" title="Redakti fontan kodon de tiu ĉi paĝo [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Redakti fonton</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Makran&action=history" title="Antaŭaj versioj de ĉi tiu paĝo. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Vidi historion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Paĝaj iloj"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Iloj" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Iloj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Iloj</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">movigi al flanka panelo</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">kaŝi</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Pliaj opcioj" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Agoj </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Makran"><span>Legi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Makran&veaction=edit" title="Redakti ĉi tiun paĝon [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Redakti</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Makran&action=edit" title="Redakti fontan kodon de tiu ĉi paĝo [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Redakti fonton</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Makran&action=history"><span>Vidi historion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ĝenerale </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Kio_ligas_%C4%89i_tien%3F/Makran" title="Listo de ĉiuj vikiaj paĝoj kiuj ligas ĉi tien [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Ligiloj ĉi tien</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Rilataj_%C5%9Dan%C4%9Doj/Makran" rel="nofollow" title="Lastaj ŝanĝoj en paĝoj kiuj ligas al ĉi tiu paĝo [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Rilataj ŝanĝoj</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=eo" title="Alŝuti dosierojn [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Alŝuti dosieron</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Specialaj_pa%C4%9Doj" title="Listo de ĉiuj specialaj paĝoj [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Specialaj paĝoj</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Makran&oldid=8773392" title="Porĉiama ligilo al ĉi versio de la paĝo"><span>Konstanta ligilo</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Makran&action=info" title="Pli da informo pri ĉi tiu paĝo"><span>Informoj pri la paĝo</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:Citi&page=Makran&id=8773392&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informoj pri kiel citi ĉi tiun paĝon"><span>Citi ĉi tiun artikolon</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Feo.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMakran"><span>Akiri mallongigitan URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Feo.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMakran"><span>Elŝutu QR-kodon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Presi/elporti </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:Libro&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Makran"><span>Krei libron</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:DownloadAsPdf&page=Makran&action=show-download-screen"><span>Elŝuti kiel PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Makran&printable=yes" title="Presebla versio de tiu ĉi paĝo [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Presebla versio</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> En aliaj projektoj </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Makran" hreflang="en"><span>Vikimedia Komunejo</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q695111" title="Ligilo al konektita datuma ero [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Ero en Vikidatumoj</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Paĝaj iloj"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspekto"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspekto</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">movigi al flanka panelo</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">kaŝi</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">El Vikipedio, la libera enciklopedio</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="eo" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox geography" style="width:23em;font-size:89%;-moz-box-shadow:4px 4px 4px #CCC;-webkit-box-shadow:4px 4px 4px #CCC;box-shadow:4px 4px 4px #CCC"> <tbody><tr><th class="kaplinio mapo" colspan="2" style="color:#000;background-color:#D8EFD8;text-align:center;padding:0.2em">Makran</th> </tr><tr title="Kategorio" class="mergedrow"><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#D8EFD8;color:#000;border-top:1px solid #D8EFD8;border-bottom:1px solid #D8EFD8;text-align:center;padding:0.4em 0.2em">Regiono</th> </tr><tr><td class="wikidata-content" colspan="2" style="font-size:smaller;text-align:center;padding:0.4em 0.2em"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Centralmakran.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Centralmakran.jpg/220px-Centralmakran.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Centralmakran.jpg/330px-Centralmakran.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Centralmakran.jpg/440px-Centralmakran.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#D8EFD8;color:#000;border-top:1px solid #D8EFD8;border-bottom:1px solid #D8EFD8;text-align:center;padding:0.4em 0.2em"><span><a href="/wiki/Regiono_(geografio)" title="Regiono (geografio)">regiono</a></span> <span class="el_wd"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q695111#P31" class="extiw" title="d:Q695111">[+]</a></span></th> </tr><tr title="" class="mergedtoprow"><td class="" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;padding:0"><hr style="display:none;" /></td> </tr><tr title="Landoj, en kiuj la objekto situas" class="mergedrow"><th style="text-align:left;padding:0.4em 0.2em 0.4em 0.8em;white-space:nowrap">Lando</th><td class="" style="padding:0.4em 0.2em 0.4em 0.8em"><span><a href="/wiki/Pakistano" title="Pakistano">Pakistano</a></span></td> </tr><tr title="koordinatoj de mezo de ĉefurbo" class="mergedrow"><td style="text-align:left;padding:0.4em 0.2em 0.4em 0.8em;white-space:nowrap"> - koordinatoj</td><td class="" style="padding:0.4em 0.2em 0.4em 0.8em"><span id="Makran" class="coordinates plainlinks-print"><a class="external text" href="https://tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Makran&language=eo&params=25.509495_N_64.1443776_E_region:PK_type:landmark&title=Makran"><span title="Makran"><span title="Latitudo">25° 30′ 34″ <abbr title="Nordo">N</abbr></span>, <span title="Longitudo">64° 8′ 40″ <abbr title="Oriento">O</abbr></span></span></a> <a class="mw-kartographer-maplink" data-mw-kartographer="maplink" data-style="osm-intl" href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Map/15/25.509495/64.1443776/eo" data-zoom="15" data-lat="25.509495" data-lon="64.1443776" data-overlays="["_7aa93c5ded6c8fd5230156a62f3794e542e050bf"]">(mapo)</a></span><span class="geo microformat"><span class="latitude">25.509495</span><span class="longitude">64.1443776</span><span class="elevation"></span></span><span id="coordinates" class="coordinates plainlinks-print"><span title="Koordinatosistemo WGS84">Koordinatoj: </span><a class="external text" href="https://tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Makran&language=eo&params=25.509495_N_64.1443776_E_region:PK_type:landmark&title=Makran"><span title="coordinates"><span title="Latitudo">25° 30′ 34″ <abbr title="Nordo">N</abbr></span>, <span title="Longitudo">64° 8′ 40″ <abbr title="Oriento">O</abbr></span></span></a> <a class="mw-kartographer-maplink" data-mw-kartographer="maplink" data-style="osm-intl" href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Map/15/25.509495/64.1443776/eo" data-zoom="15" data-lat="25.509495" data-lon="64.1443776" data-overlays="["_d7bc545bb36c82c4707ea58210734d9166032c6e"]">(mapo)</a></span> </td> </tr><tr title="" class="mergedtoprow"><td class="" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;padding:0"><hr style="display:none;" /></td> </tr><tr title="" class="mergedtoprow"><td class="" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;padding:0"><hr style="display:none;" /></td> </tr><tr title="" class="mergedrow"><td class="" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;padding:0.4em 0.2em"><table class="situo-mapo" style="margin: 0 auto; background-color: #f9f9f9; border: none; border-collapse: collapse; width: 1px;"> <tbody><tr><td style="border: none; padding: 0;"><div style="position: relative; text-align: center;"><div style="position: relative; z-index: 0; padding: 0; border: none;"><figure class="mw-halign-center noviewer notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Pakistan_relief_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Makran (Pakistano)"><img alt="Makran (Pakistano)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Pakistan_relief_location_map.jpg/250px-Pakistan_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Pakistan_relief_location_map.jpg/375px-Pakistan_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Pakistan_relief_location_map.jpg/500px-Pakistan_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2365" data-file-height="1890" /></a><figcaption>Makran (Pakistano)</figcaption></figure><span style="display:none"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Cablono:Situo_sur_mapo/korektado/DEC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ŝablono:Situo sur mapo/korektado/DEC (paĝo ne ekzistas)">DEC</a></span><div style="position:absolute; z-index:2; top:84.8%; left:18.2%; height:0; width:0;"><div style="position:relative; z-index:100; left:-4px; top:-4px; width:8px; height:8px;line-height:0px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Makran&language=eo&params=25.509495_N_64.1443776_E_region:PK_type:landmark" title="Makran"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/ButtonRed.svg/8px-ButtonRed.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/ButtonRed.svg/12px-ButtonRed.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/ButtonRed.svg/16px-ButtonRed.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div> </div></div></div></td></tr> </tbody></table></td> </tr><tr title="" class="mergedtoprow"><td class="" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;padding:0"><hr style="display:none;" /></td> </tr><tr title="" class="mergedrow"><td class="" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;padding:0.4em 0.2em"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="7" data-lat="25.509495" data-lon="64.1443776" data-overlays="["_7f70ee48ef4fa42643fb7c5e96b6a14b34ba5b82"]" href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Map/7/25.509495/64.1443776/eo"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,7,25.509495,64.1443776,250x200.png?lang=eo&domain=eo.wikipedia.org&title=Makran&revid=8773392&groups=_7f70ee48ef4fa42643fb7c5e96b6a14b34ba5b82" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,7,25.509495,64.1443776,250x200@2x.png?lang=eo&domain=eo.wikipedia.org&title=Makran&revid=8773392&groups=_7f70ee48ef4fa42643fb7c5e96b6a14b34ba5b82 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td> </tr><tr title="" class="mergedrow"><td class="" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;padding:0.4em 0.2em">Makran</td> </tr><tr title="Vikimedia Komunejo proponas multimedian enhavon al temo" class="mergedrow"><td class="wikidata-content" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;padding:0.4em 0.2em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span><b>Vikimedia Komunejo</b>:  <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Makran" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Makran">Makran</a></b> <span class="el_wd"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q695111#P373" class="extiw" title="d:Q695111">[+]</a></span></td> </tr> <tr><td class="shangu-shablonon" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;padding:0.2em"><div class="noprint toccolours" style="border:2px solid #a2a9b1;padding:5px;background-color:#D8EFD8;color:black;font-size:xx-small;font-weight:normal"><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q695111" title="d:Q695111"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/15px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/23px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedio:Informkestoj" title="Vikipedio:Informkestoj"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Information_icon.svg/15px-Information_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Information_icon.svg/23px-Information_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Information_icon.svg/30px-Information_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><span class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Cablono:Informkesto_geografia%C4%B5o" title="Ŝablono:Informkesto geografiaĵo">v</a> • <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Cablono-Diskuto:Informkesto_geografia%C4%B5o" title="Ŝablono-Diskuto:Informkesto geografiaĵo">d</a> • <a class="external text" href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Cablono%3AInformkesto_geografia%C4%B5o&action=edit">r</a></span></div></td></tr> </tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Pakistan,_Central_Makran_Range_01_(2294354578).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Pakistan%2C_Central_Makran_Range_01_%282294354578%29.jpg/200px-Pakistan%2C_Central_Makran_Range_01_%282294354578%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Pakistan%2C_Central_Makran_Range_01_%282294354578%29.jpg/300px-Pakistan%2C_Central_Makran_Range_01_%282294354578%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Pakistan%2C_Central_Makran_Range_01_%282294354578%29.jpg/400px-Pakistan%2C_Central_Makran_Range_01_%282294354578%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>La centra montaro de Makran en Pakistano.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Makran</b> (<a href="/wiki/Araba_lingvo" title="Araba lingvo">arabe</a> <span class="lang-ar" lang="ar">مکران</span>) estas duon-dezerta marborda strio en <a href="/wiki/Balu%C4%89istano_(Pakistano)" title="Baluĉistano (Pakistano)">Baluĉistano</a>, en <a href="/wiki/Pakistano" title="Pakistano">Pakistano</a> kaj <a href="/wiki/Irano" title="Irano">Irano</a>, laŭlonge de la marbordo de la <a href="/wiki/Persa_Golfo" title="Persa Golfo">Persa Golfo</a> kaj de la <a href="/wiki/Golfo_de_Omano" title="Golfo de Omano">Golfo de Omano</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etimologio">Etimologio</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Makran&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redakti sekcion: Etimologio" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Makran&action=edit&section=1" title="Redakti la fontkodo de la sekcio: Etimologio"><span>redakti fonton</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La nomo Makran derivas el <i>Maka</i>, nome koincida <a href="/wiki/Satrapio" title="Satrapio">satrapio</a> de la <a href="/wiki/Akemenida_Imperio" class="mw-redirect" title="Akemenida Imperio">Akemenida Imperio</a>. Alia, pli malnova derivo estas el Makar, aŭ mardrako, laŭ la <a href="/wiki/%C4%9Ciba_baleno" title="Ĝiba baleno">ĝibbalenoj</a> aŭ <a href="/wiki/Balen%C5%9Darko" title="Balenŝarko">balenŝarkoj</a> kiuj abundas en la nordo de la Araba Maro. </p><p>La vorto <i>Maka</i> poste iĝis <i>Makran</i>, kiel oftas en tre rilataj antikvaj <a href="/wiki/Avesta_lingvo" title="Avesta lingvo">avestaj</a> kaj <a href="/wiki/Malnovpersa_lingvo" title="Malnovpersa lingvo">malnovpersaj lingvoj</a> kiuj uzas "an" kaj "ran" kiel finaĵon de pluraloj.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>La suda parto de Baluĉistano estas nomata <i>Keĉ Makran</i> en la pakistana flanko kaj Makran en la irana kio estas ankaŭ la nomo de iama provinco de Irano.<sup id="cite_ref-Makran_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Makran-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Antaŭ tio, en <a href="/wiki/Akemenida_Imperio" class="mw-redirect" title="Akemenida Imperio">Akemenidaj tempoj</a>, la nomo <i>Maka</i> estis uzata por tiu regiono. La sumeraj komercpartneroj de la kulturo Magan estis identigitaj kun Makran.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> En la verko de Varahamihira nome <i>Brihat Samhita</i>, estas mencio de tribo nomita <i>Makara</i> kiu loĝis en la landoj okcidente de Hindio. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ariano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ariano (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Ariano</a> uzis derivaĵon de <i>Makran</i> el la persa termino <i>mahi ĥoran</i>, signife "fiŝomanĝantoj" por la baluĉoj loĝantoj de marbordaj areoj, sed tio estis konsiderata "eraro."<sup id="cite_ref-PoloYule1993_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PoloYule1993-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Akemenida_epoko">Akemenida epoko</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Makran&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redakti sekcion: Akemenida epoko" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Makran&action=edit&section=2" title="Redakti la fontkodo de la sekcio: Akemenida epoko"><span>redakti fonton</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Map_achaemenid_empire_en.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Baloch and Alexander's empire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Map_achaemenid_empire_en.png/220px-Map_achaemenid_empire_en.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Map_achaemenid_empire_en.png/330px-Map_achaemenid_empire_en.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Map_achaemenid_empire_en.png/440px-Map_achaemenid_empire_en.png 2x" data-file-width="1676" data-file-height="869" /></a><figcaption>La Akemenida Imperio je sia plej granda etendo, inklude la regionon de Maka.</figcaption></figure> <p>Maka estis grava antikva orienta satrapio de <a href="/wiki/Ciro_la_Granda" class="mw-redirect" title="Ciro la Granda">Ciro la Granda</a>, fondinto de la <a href="/wiki/Akemenida_Imperio" class="mw-redirect" title="Akemenida Imperio">Akemenida Imperio</a>. Ĝi korespondis kun teritorioj de nuntempaj <a href="/wiki/Barejno" title="Barejno">Barejno</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kataro" title="Kataro">Kataro</a>, kaj <a href="/wiki/Unui%C4%9Dintaj_Arabaj_Emirlandoj" title="Unuiĝintaj Arabaj Emirlandoj">Unuiĝintaj Arabaj Emirlandoj</a>, plus la norda duono de <a href="/wiki/Omano" title="Omano">Omano</a>, same kiel <a href="/wiki/Balu%C4%89istano" class="mw-redirect" title="Baluĉistano">Baluĉistano</a> kaj la provinco <a href="/wiki/Sindh" class="mw-redirect" title="Sindh">Sindh</a> de <a href="/wiki/Pakistano" title="Pakistano">Pakistano</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bare_url_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bare_url-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> La <a href="/wiki/Babilonio" title="Babilonio">Babilonianoj</a> estis farintaj vojaĝojn uzante Maka por komuniki kun Hindio.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Post la morto de Ciro, <a href="/wiki/Dario_la_1-a_(Persio)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dario la 1-a (Persio)">Dario la 1-a (Persio)</a> sukcedis lin en la trono, kaj, laŭ la greka historiisto <a href="/wiki/Herodoto" title="Herodoto">Herodoto</a>, deziris scii pli pri <a href="/wiki/Azio" title="Azio">Azio</a>. Li volis koni kie la "<a href="/wiki/Induso" title="Induso">Induso</a> (kiu estis la nura rivero krom alia kiu produktas <a href="/wiki/Krokodilo" title="Krokodilo">krokodilojn</a>) malpleniĝas en la maron".<sup id="cite_ref-bare_url_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bare_url-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Post persone konduki siajn <a href="/wiki/Nemortemuloj_(Persio)" title="Nemortemuloj (Persio)">elitajn fortojn</a>, kies rangoj estis limigitaj al tiuj havantaj <a href="/wiki/Persio" class="mw-redirect" title="Persio">persajn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Medoj" title="Medoj">medajn</a>, aŭ <a href="/wiki/Elamo" title="Elamo">elamajn</a> praularojn, por lukti kontraŭ la invadintaj <a href="/wiki/Skitoj" title="Skitoj">Skitoj</a>, li kondukis kampanjon de konkero al <a href="/wiki/Suda_Azio" title="Suda Azio">Suda Azio</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> kiu konkeris <a href="/wiki/Sindh" class="mw-redirect" title="Sindh">Sindh</a> en 519 a.K. kaj konstituante ĝin kiel sian 20-an <a href="/wiki/Satrapio" title="Satrapio">satrapion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Post la morto de la Akemenida Imperio, <a href="/wiki/Aleksandro_la_Granda" title="Aleksandro la Granda">Aleksandro la Granda</a> ankaŭ trapasis Maka en sia kampanjo de konkero. Lia armeo marŝis tra akra dezertovojo en Makran, kie li perdis gravan nombron de soldatoj pro la akraj dezertaj kondiĉoj. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referencoj">Referencoj</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Makran&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redakti sekcion: Referencoj" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Makran&action=edit&section=3" title="Redakti la fontkodo de la sekcio: Referencoj"><span>redakti fonton</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist references-small" style="padding-right: 6px;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141127154538/http://www.zoroastrian.org/articles/Iran_Turan_in_Avesta.htm">Iranians and Turanians in Avesta</a>. Ali A. Jafarey. Arkivita el <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zoroastrian.org/articles/Iran_Turan_in_Avesta.htm">la originalo</a> je 2014-11-27. Alirita 2010-09-10 .</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Makran-2"><a href="#cite_ref-Makran_2-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/place/Makran-region-Asia">Makran</a>. Britannica. Alirita 18a de Junio 2016 . </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> <span class="reference-text">Hansman 1973, p. 555.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PoloYule1993-4"><a href="#cite_ref-PoloYule1993_4-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREFYuleCordier1993">Yule, Sir Henry; Cordier, Henri, eds. (1993) [unue publikigita 1903, reviziita 1920], <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3TexF3FC87YC&pg=PA402"><i>The Travels of Marco Polo: The Complete Yule-Cordier Edition, Volume II</i></a>, Courier Corporation, pp. 402–, <small>(<a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Citoj_el_libroj/9780486275871" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-486-27587-1</a>)</small><span class="printonly">, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3TexF3FC87YC&pg=PA402">https://books.google.com/books?id=3TexF3FC87YC&pg=PA402</a></span></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Travels+of+Marco+Polo%3A+The+Complete+Yule-Cordier+Edition%2C+Volume+II&rft.date=1993&rft.pages=pp.%26nbsp%3B402%E2%80%93&rft.pub=Courier+Corporation&rft.isbn=978-0-486-27587-1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3TexF3FC87YC%26pg%3DPA402&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Makran"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bare_url-5">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-bare_url_5-0"><sup>5,0</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bare_url_5-1"><sup>5,1</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110629071015/http://classics.mit.edu/Herodotus/history.4.iv.html">History of Herodotus by Herodotus - Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)</a>. mit.edu. Arkivita el <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://classics.mit.edu/Herodotus/history.4.iv.html">la originalo</a> je 2011-06-29. Alirita 2010-09-11 .</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181024113034/http://www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/max-duncker/the-history-of-antiquity-volume-3-cnu/page-28-the-history-of-antiquity-volume-3-cnu.shtml">The history of antiquity</a>. Max Duncker. Arkivita el <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/max-duncker/the-history-of-antiquity-volume-3-cnu/page-28-the-history-of-antiquity-volume-3-cnu.shtml">la originalo</a> je 2018-10-24. Alirita 2010-09-10 .</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.angelfire.com/empire2/unkemptgoose/Persian.html">Persia</a>. Angelfire.com. Alirita 2010-09-09 .</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranchamber.com/provinces/21_sistan_baluchistan/21_sistan_baluchistan.php">Iranian Provinces: Sistan and Baluchistan</a>. Iranchamber.com. Alirita 2010-09-07 .</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ancientpersia.com/war/immortal.htm">Ancient Persia</a>. Ancientpersia.com. Alirita 2010-09-09 .</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://faculty.mdc.edu/jmcnair/Joe12pages/darius_the_great.htm">Darius the great</a>. mdc.edu. Alirita 2010-09-10 .</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100917230116/http://www.axehd.com/Home/2010/05/04/the-largest-empire-in-ancient-history">The largest empire in ancient history</a>. axehd.com. Arkivita el <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.axehd.com/Home/2010/05/04/the-largest-empire-in-ancient-history/">la originalo</a> je 2010-09-17. Alirita 2010-09-10 .</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografio">Bibliografio</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Makran&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redakti sekcion: Bibliografio" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Makran&action=edit&section=4" title="Redakti la fontkodo de la sekcio: Bibliografio"><span>redakti fonton</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Nicolini, Beatrice, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scribd.com/doc/17031343/The-MakranBaluchAfrican-Network-in-Zanzibar-and-East-Africa-during-the-XIXth-Century">The Makran-Baluch-African Network in Zanzibar and East Africa during the XIXth Century</a>, African and Asian Studies, Volume 5, Numbers 3-4, 2006, pp. 347–370(24)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=g2m7_R5P2oAC&pg=PA135&lpg=PA135&dq=makran+temple&source=web&ots=or-vPp1YIv&sig=4InynKLLIXHAw-06P91gSZcOxi8&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=9&ct=result#PPA134,M1">Al-Hind: Early Medieval India and the Expansion of Islam 7Th-11th </a></li> <li>Eilers, Wilhelm, Das Volk der Makā vor und nach den Achämeniden, AMI Ergänzungsband 10, 1983, 101-119</li> <li><span class="citation" id="CITEREFHansman1973">Hansman, John (1973), "A Periplus of Magan and Meluhha", <i>Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies</i> <b>36</b> (3), <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1017%2FS0041977X00119858">10.1017/S0041977X00119858</a></span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+Periplus+of+Magan+and+Meluhha&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+School+of+Oriental+and+African+Studies&rft.aulast=Hansman&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Hansman%2C%26%2332%3BJohn&rft.date=1973&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=3&rft_id=info:doi/10.1017%2FS0041977X00119858&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Makran"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksteraj_ligiloj">Eksteraj ligiloj</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Makran&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redakti sekcion: Eksteraj ligiloj" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Makran&action=edit&section=5" title="Redakti la fontkodo de la sekcio: Eksteraj ligiloj"><span>redakti fonton</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint" id="aliaj_projektoj" style="float: right; clear: right; width: 250px; border: 1px solid #aaa; padding: 4px; font-size: 90%; background: #f9f9f9;"> <ul class="noarchive"><li class="commons"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Makran?uselang=eo">Kategorio Makran en la <span>Vikimedia Komunejo</span></a> (Multrimedaj datumoj)</span> </li></ul> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.transpakistan.com.pk/balochistan.htm">Balochistan and Makran, Pakistan</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090826205958/http://www.transpakistan.com.pk/balochistan.htm">Arkivigite je</a> 2009-08-26 per la retarkivo <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cadensa.bl.uk/uhtbin/cgisirsi/XPF0POgBnI/248030005/18/X087/XSERIES/1CD0127170">'Music of Makran: traditional fusion from coastal Balochistan' from the British Library Sound Archive</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211129051055/http://cadensa.bl.uk/uhtbin/cgisirsi/XPF0POgBnI/248030005/18/X087/XSERIES/1CD0127170">Arkivigite je</a> 2021-11-29 per la retarkivo <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <p><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="http://tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Makran&language=eo&params=25.30541_N_60.64108_E_"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Mapoj, elĉielaj bildoj kaj aliaj datumoj por 25° 18′ 19″ Nordo 60° 38′ 28″ Oriento"><span class="latitude">25° 18′ 19″ Nordo</span> <span class="longitude">60° 38′ 28″ Oriento</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Mapoj, elĉielaj bildoj kaj aliaj datumoj por 25.30541 60.64108">25.30541 °N, 60.64108 °O</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">25.30541; 60.64108</span></span></span></a></span> <a class="mw-kartographer-maplink" data-mw-kartographer="maplink" data-style="osm-intl" href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Map/15/25.30541/60.64108/eo" data-zoom="15" data-lat="25.30541" data-lon="60.64108" data-overlays="["_f89ef7697e214bac07f7e47c0b10a39c16ccd2d4"]">(mapo)</a> </p></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Elŝutita el "<a dir="ltr" href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Makran&oldid=8773392">https://eo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Makran&oldid=8773392</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Kategorioj" title="Specialaĵo:Kategorioj">Kategorioj</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:64%C2%B0_E" title="Kategorio:64° E">64° E</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:25%C2%B0_N" title="Kategorio:25° N">25° N</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:60%C2%B0_E" title="Kategorio:60° E">60° E</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategorio:Golfo_de_Omano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategorio:Golfo de Omano (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Golfo de Omano</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Ebena%C4%B5oj" title="Kategorio:Ebenaĵoj">Ebenaĵoj</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Geografio_de_Barejno" title="Kategorio:Geografio de Barejno">Geografio de Barejno</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Geografio_de_Irano" title="Kategorio:Geografio de Irano">Geografio de Irano</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Geografio_de_Omano" title="Kategorio:Geografio de Omano">Geografio de Omano</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Geografio_de_Pakistano" title="Kategorio:Geografio de Pakistano">Geografio de Pakistano</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Geografio_de_Unui%C4%9Dintaj_Arabaj_Emirlandoj" title="Kategorio:Geografio de Unuiĝintaj Arabaj Emirlandoj">Geografio de Unuiĝintaj Arabaj Emirlandoj</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategorio:Balu%C4%89istano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategorio:Baluĉistano (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Baluĉistano</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategorio:Sindh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategorio:Sindh (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Sindh</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategorio:Historio_de_Balu%C4%89istano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategorio:Historio de Baluĉistano (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Historio de Baluĉistano</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategorio:Historio_de_Sindh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategorio:Historio de Sindh (paĝo ne ekzistas)">Historio de Sindh</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Regionoj_de_Irano" title="Kategorio:Regionoj de Irano">Regionoj de Irano</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Regionoj_de_Pakistano" title="Kategorio:Regionoj de Pakistano">Regionoj de Pakistano</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Araba_maro" title="Kategorio:Araba maro">Araba maro</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:A%C4%A5emenida_imperio" title="Kategorio:Aĥemenida imperio">Aĥemenida imperio</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Kaŝitaj kategorioj: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Pa%C4%9Doj_kun_eksmodaj_cit%C5%9Dablonoj" title="Kategorio:Paĝoj kun eksmodaj citŝablonoj">Paĝoj kun eksmodaj citŝablonoj</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Pa%C4%9Doj_kiuj_uzas_ISBNajn_magiajn_ligilojn" title="Kategorio:Paĝoj kiuj uzas ISBNajn magiajn ligilojn">Paĝoj kiuj uzas ISBNajn magiajn ligilojn</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Artikoloj_kun_Vikidatumaj_bildoj" title="Kategorio:Artikoloj kun Vikidatumaj bildoj">Artikoloj kun Vikidatumaj bildoj</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Koordinatoj_sur_Vikidatumoj" title="Kategorio:Koordinatoj sur Vikidatumoj">Koordinatoj sur Vikidatumoj</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Regiono_kun_%C5%9Dablono_Geokesto" title="Kategorio:Regiono kun ŝablono Geokesto">Regiono kun ŝablono Geokesto</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Listo_de_arkivitaj_pa%C4%9Doj_de_Retarkivo" title="Kategorio:Listo de arkivitaj paĝoj de Retarkivo">Listo de arkivitaj paĝoj de Retarkivo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Pa%C4%9Doj_kun_mapoj" title="Kategorio:Paĝoj kun mapoj">Paĝoj kun mapoj</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ĉi tiu paĝo estis lastafoje redaktita je 06:41, 12 jun. 2024.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">La teksto disponeblas laŭ la permesilo <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.eo">Krea Komunaĵo Atribuite-Samkondiĉe 4.0 Neadaptita</a>; 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