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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Play"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Play</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Play-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Play subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Play-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Joker" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Joker"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Joker</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Joker-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Variations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Variations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Variations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Variations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Variations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Variations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bidding_after_pass" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bidding_after_pass"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Bidding after pass</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bidding_after_pass-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Raising_own_bid_by_the_winner" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Raising_own_bid_by_the_winner"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Raising own bid by the winner</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Raising_own_bid_by_the_winner-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Joker_in_no_trump" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Joker_in_no_trump"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Joker in no trump</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Joker_in_no_trump-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Walker_Ultimate_500" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Walker_Ultimate_500"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Walker Ultimate 500</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Walker_Ultimate_500-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Misère" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Misère"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Misère</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Misère-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-French_Canadian_variation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#French_Canadian_variation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>French Canadian variation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-French_Canadian_variation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Set_rule" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Set_rule"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>Set rule</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Set_rule-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Breach_rule_(related_to_the_set_rule)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Breach_rule_(related_to_the_set_rule)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.8</span> <span>Breach rule (related to the set rule)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Breach_rule_(related_to_the_set_rule)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Point_spread_rule" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Point_spread_rule"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.9</span> <span>Point spread rule</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Point_spread_rule-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Versions_for_2–6_players" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Versions_for_2–6_players"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Versions for 2–6 players</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Versions_for_2–6_players-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Versions for 2–6 players subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Versions_for_2–6_players-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Two-handed_500" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Two-handed_500"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Two-handed 500</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Two-handed_500-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Three-handed_500" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Three-handed_500"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Three-handed 500</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Three-handed_500-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Five-handed_500" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Five-handed_500"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Five-handed 500</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Five-handed_500-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Six-handed_500" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Six-handed_500"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Six-handed 500</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Six-handed_500-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Score_keeping" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Score_keeping"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Score keeping</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Score_keeping-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Score keeping subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Score_keeping-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Avondale" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Avondale"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Avondale</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Avondale-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Original" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Original"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Original</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Original-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Perfect_variant" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perfect_variant"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span><i>Perfect</i> variant</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Perfect_variant-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_scoring_variations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_scoring_variations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Other scoring variations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_scoring_variations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bidding_conventions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bidding_conventions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Bidding conventions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bidding_conventions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Strategy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Strategy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Strategy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Strategy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Strategy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Strategy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bidding_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bidding_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Bidding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bidding_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Card_Counting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Card_Counting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Card Counting</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Card_Counting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Discarding_the_kitty" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Discarding_the_kitty"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Discarding the kitty</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Discarding_the_kitty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leading_trump" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leading_trump"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.4</span> <span>Leading trump</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leading_trump-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown 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href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%96%E3%83%8F%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%83%AC%E3%83%83%E3%83%89" title="ファイブハンドレッド – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ファイブハンドレッド" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/500_(gra_karciana)" title="500 (gra karciana) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="500 (gra karciana)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Femhundra_(spel_om_stick)" title="Femhundra (spel om stick) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Femhundra (spel om stick)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Trick-taking card game</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the trick-taking game. For the variant of Rummy, see <a href="/wiki/500_Rum" class="mw-redirect" title="500 Rum">500 Rum</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/500_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="500 (disambiguation)">500 (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">500</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Six-handed_500_playing_cards.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Six-handed_500_playing_cards.jpg/250px-Six-handed_500_playing_cards.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Six-handed_500_playing_cards.jpg/375px-Six-handed_500_playing_cards.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Six-handed_500_playing_cards.jpg/500px-Six-handed_500_playing_cards.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2531" data-file-height="2054" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Extra cards for 6 players</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Origin</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alternative names</th><td class="infobox-data">Five Hundred</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Trick-taking" class="mw-redirect" title="Trick-taking">Trick-taking</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Players</th><td class="infobox-data">2–6</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Skills</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Memory" title="Memory">Memory</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tactic_(method)" title="Tactic (method)">Tactics</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cards</th><td class="infobox-data">33–63</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Deck</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Playing_cards#French" class="mw-redirect" title="Playing cards">French</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Rank (high→low)</th><td class="infobox-data">Trump suit: <i>Joker J J A K Q (13) (12) (11) 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 (3) (2)</i><br />Other: <i>Joker A K Q (J) (13) (12) (11) 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 (3) (2)</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Play</th><td class="infobox-data">Clockwise</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Playing time</th><td class="infobox-data">30 minutes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Chance</th><td class="infobox-data">Medium</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Related games</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Euchre" title="Euchre">Euchre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Contract_Bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Contract Bridge">Bridge</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>500</b> or <b>Five Hundred</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Trick-taking_game" title="Trick-taking game">trick-taking game</a> developed in the United States from <a href="/wiki/Euchre" title="Euchre">Euchre</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Euchre was extended to a 10 card game with bidding and a <a href="/wiki/Mis%C3%A8re" title="Misère">Misère</a> contract similar to <a href="/wiki/Russian_Preference" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Preference">Russian Preference</a>, producing a cutthroat three-player game like Preference<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a four-player game played in partnerships like <a href="/wiki/Whist" title="Whist">Whist</a> which is the most popular modern form, although with special packs it can be played by up to six players. </p><p>It arose in America before 1900 and was promoted by the <a href="/wiki/US_Playing_Card_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="US Playing Card Company">US Playing Card Company</a>, who copyrighted and marketed a deck with a set of rules in 1904.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The US Playing Card Company released the improved Avondale scoring table to remove bidding irregularities in 1906.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 500 is a social card game and was highly popular in the United States until around 1920 when first <a href="/wiki/Auction_bridge" title="Auction bridge">auction bridge</a> and then <a href="/wiki/Contract_bridge" title="Contract bridge">contract bridge</a> drove it from favour.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It continues to be popular in Ohio and Pennsylvania, where it has been taught through six generations community-wide, and in other countries: Australia, New Zealand, Canada (especially <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a> and <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Shetland" title="Shetland">Shetland</a>. Despite its American origin, 500 is the national card game of Australia.<sup id="cite_ref-Pagat_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pagat-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Setup">Setup</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Setup"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Of the many variants to 500, the standard deck contains 43 <a href="/wiki/Playing_card" title="Playing card">playing cards</a>: a <a href="/wiki/Joker_(playing_card)" title="Joker (playing card)">joker</a> is included (sometimes two, in which case the black joker beats the red one), and the 2s, 3s, and two 4s are removed. Either the two black 4s are removed,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or the 4 of spades and 4 of diamonds are removed, in which case the 4 that matches the trump colour is also considered trump, so that there are always 13 trump cards (14 when using two jokers). Cards are dealt to each of the four players and three (four with two jokers) are dealt face down on the table to form the <i>kitty</i> (also known as the <i>widow</i>, the <i>blind</i> or the <i> hole card</i>). Alternatively, a 45-card deck can be used (46 with two jokers), in which case the 4s are not removed. Each player still receives a hand of 10 cards, but the kitty is increased to five cards (six with two jokers). </p><p>Players play in pairs, usually opposite each other. Traditionally, a bundle of three cards is dealt to each player, one to the kitty, a bundle of four to each player, one to the kitty, a bundle of three to each player, one to the kitty or with a 45-card deck: the deal is performed by dealing three cards to each player, then placing three cards in the kitty, four cards each and two to the kitty, and then three. In some versions, if a player does not receive a face card this is considered a misdeal and a redeal may be required. </p><p>As in euchre, in non-trump suits, the order of cards from highest to lowest is </p> <dl><dd>ace, king, queen, (jack), 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, (4).</dd></dl> <p>In the trump suit, the order is (from the highest): </p> <dl><dd>joker, the jack of trumps, the jack of the same color, ace, king, queen, 10, 9,..., 5, (4).</dd></dl> <p>For instance if diamonds are trumps then the order in diamonds is following (from the highest): </p> <dl><dd>joker, <span style="color:red" class="diamonds" title="diamonds">♦</span>J, <span style="color: red" class="hearts" title="hearts">♥</span>J, A, K, Q, 10, 9,..., 4.</dd></dl> <p>The jack of the trump suit is called <i>right bower</i>. The jack of the suit of the same colour as the trump suit is called <i>left bower'</i> and is considered part of the trump suit. The joker is sometimes known as <i>best bower</i> in reference to the trump jacks. </p><p>Bower is an Anglicization of the <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a> <i>Bauer</i>, a word meaning farmer, peasant, or <a href="/wiki/Pawn_(chess)" title="Pawn (chess)">pawn</a>. This name is often used to refer to the Jack of German games. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bidding">Bidding</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Bidding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the deal, players call in turn, electing either to bid or to pass. A bid indicates the combined number of <a href="/wiki/Trick-taking_game" title="Trick-taking game">tricks</a> the bidder believes they and their partner will take and the suit that will be <a href="/wiki/Trump_(card_games)" title="Trump (card games)">trump</a> for that hand, or that there will be no trump suit. For instance, a bid of "seven spades" (7<span style="color:black" class="spades" title="spades">♠</span>) indicates that the player intends to win seven or more tricks with spades being the trump suit, whereas a bid of "seven no-trump" (7NT) indicates that the player intends to win seven or more tricks with no trump suit (in which case the only trump card is the joker). </p><p>Auction commences at the level of 6. A player may elect not to bid, or to "pass". Bidding proceeds clockwise around the table, with each player passing or making a higher-scoring bid. A player who passes cannot subsequently make a bid in that hand. </p><p>A player who has bid may only bid again in that hand if there has been an intervening bid by another player. However, in some variations a player who has bid and not passed may always bid again in that hand. </p><p>The order of seniority of suits in bidding (from lowest to highest, as reflected in the scores below) is as follows: </p> <dl><dd><span style="color:black" class="spades" title="spades">♠</span>, <span style="color:black" class="clubs" title="clubs">♣</span>, <span style="color:red" class="diamonds" title="diamonds">♦</span>, <span style="color: red" class="hearts" title="hearts">♥</span>, no trump.</dd></dl> <p>Therefore, for example, a player who bids 7<span style="color:black" class="clubs" title="clubs">♣</span> may be outbid by a subsequent bidding player on 7<span style="color:red" class="diamonds" title="diamonds">♦</span> or 7<span style="color: red" class="hearts" title="hearts">♥</span>, but not seven spades. A "no-trump" bid beats any suited bid of the same number. Eventually, all but one player passes and the bid is decided.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In American play, there is only one round of bidding, with each player getting one chance, in turn, to either bid or pass. Moreover in American play, a bid of six is called an "inkle". A player who bids "inkle spades" is typically indicating to their partner that they have some spades but not enough to bid seven. In most versions, one cannot win auction with an inkle. If auction doesn't reach the level of 7, cards are reshuffled.<sup id="cite_ref-Pagat_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pagat-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Only the first two players may inkle. </p><p>If nobody makes a bid, there are multiple variations. Most commonly, the hand is declared dead and a reshuffle and redeal is made. This can be repeated only twice, after which the deal passes to the next player. Alternatively, the game is played where no bids mean the round is played as no-trump, and scoring is ten points per trick. Other variations include that the deal passes to the next player (no reshuffle); or that if no one else makes a bid, the dealer is required to make a bid. </p><p>The player making the successful bid then collects the kitty. This player sorts through their hand and discards the least-useful three (or five in the case of a 45-card deck) cards (possibly including cards picked up from the kitty), and places them face down; the discarded cards playing no further part in the hand. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Misère_and_open_misère"><span id="Mis.C3.A8re_and_open_mis.C3.A8re"></span>Misère and open misère</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Misère and open misère"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Misère and open misère are two special contracts in 500. A <i><a href="/wiki/Mis%C3%A8re" title="Misère">Misère</a></i> (also called <i>Nullo</i> (sometimes pronounced <i>Nello</i>) or similarly) bid means the bidding player is trying to not win any tricks. If playing with a partner, the partner folds their cards and does not participate in the round. Misère is the <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> word meaning "extreme poverty". Misère is worth 250 pts. and is usually placed between 8<span style="color:black" class="spades" title="spades">♠</span> and 8<span style="color:black" class="clubs" title="clubs">♣</span> in bidding.<sup id="cite_ref-Pagat_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pagat-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It can be bid when auction reaches the level 7.<sup id="cite_ref-Pagat_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pagat-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Open Misère</i> is the same as misère except the player playing this bid must reveal all of their cards to their opponents after the first trick. Also called <i>Lay Down Misère</i>. It is usually worth 500 and placed between 10<span style="color:red" class="diamonds" title="diamonds">♦</span> and 10<span style="color: red" class="hearts" title="hearts">♥</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-Pagat_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pagat-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> May be bid at any time even as the first bid. <sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Value and precedence of open misère can vary. It can, for instance, also be worth 330 and placed between 8NT and 9<span style="color:black" class="spades" title="spades">♠</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-Pagat_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pagat-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Non-standard_bids">Non-standard bids</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Non-standard bids"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/500_(card_game)" title="Special:EditPage/500 (card game)">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><i>J5</i> is a special version of no-trump where a jack replaces the ace as the highest card of its respective suit, keeping the rules in line with a suited game. The joker remains the only trump card, and the normal agreed-upon rules of its use still apply. In a J5 game there is no lower bower (e.g., the jack of diamonds is not considered a heart and so on). Other cards follow their typical hierarchy.</li> <li><i>Blind Misère</i> is the same as misère except the bid must be called before the player views their cards.</li> <li><i>Double nullo</i> is an American variant in which both players of the bidding team play and must not win any tricks. This is also called <i>Grand nullo</i>, which is often corrupted to <i>Granola</i>. Double nullo may be called by one partner even if the other partner passes. In this instance the player who calls nullo draws in their partner and both must play and not take any tricks. The person who calls double nullo picks up the kitty and gives the five cards they want to discard to their partner. Their partner then must take those five cards and pick the ones they want to keep and discard the rest.</li> <li><i>Grand nullo</i> is sometimes played as a different bid from <i>Double nullo</i>, in which case it is identical to normal nullo except for the bidder does not get access to the kitty.</li> <li><i>Shields Double</i> is a variant of <i>Double nullo</i> where one partner of the bidding team plays their hand open (after the initial trick).</li> <li><i>Patastrophe</i> is an <i>Open Misère</i> where both partners on the bidding team play, with both calling partners playing their hand open (after the first trick). <i>Patastrophe</i> is worth 1000 points.</li> <li>The <i>Wilkinson</i> version of Misère is agreed to before the outset of the game, and is bid as such: 'closed misère' can be bid any time (even as a first bid) but is played open, and 'open misère' may also be bid likewise but is played open and without the kitty.</li> <li><i>Hi/Lo</i> or <i>5 and 5</i> bid means one player intends to win 5 tricks and lose 5 tricks in the hand. The game is typically worth 350 points, and therefore outbids a 9<span style="color:black" class="spades" title="spades">♠</span> or 9<span style="color:black" class="clubs" title="clubs">♣</span> bid, but not a 9<span style="color:red" class="diamonds" title="diamonds">♦</span> or 9<span style="color: red" class="hearts" title="hearts">♥</span>. The game play is similar to a <i>No-trump</i> game in that the Joker is the only trump card and may only be used if the player cannot otherwise follow suit. When a <i>Hi/Lo</i> call is made the bidder's partner folds their cards and does not participate in the hand. This is also called <i>Even Stevens</i> in Australia.</li> <li><i>Ralphing</i> is when a person that bids gets set by more than 3 tricks (that is a person wins the bid with 9<span style="color: red" class="hearts" title="hearts">♥</span> but only takes 6, or bids <i>Nullo</i> and takes 3 or more tricks). In the event that a person is <i>Ralphed</i>, they are not allowed to bid in the next hand. The name comes from a person that would repeatedly over-bid and lose dreadfully each time. The rule was instituted so others would be allowed to win bids.</li> <li><i>Slam</i>: <a href="/wiki/John_McLeod_(card_game_researcher)" title="John McLeod (card game researcher)">John McLeod</a> claims there exists a variation in which the declarer, after picking up the kitty, may call for a slam hand. The partner of the player who calls for a slam passes a single card to their partner then folds their hand and does not play.<sup id="cite_ref-Pagat_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pagat-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The contractor who called for the slam hand must discard until they have only 10 cards remaining before starting play. The contractor must then win all ten tricks. It is worth 500 if there are trumps and 520 in no trump.<sup id="cite_ref-Pagat_6-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pagat-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Play">Play</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Play"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The game focuses on <a href="/wiki/Trick-taking_game" title="Trick-taking game">tricks</a>. The lead starts with the player who won the bidding.<sup id="cite_ref-Pagat_6-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pagat-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Players must follow suit if they can (this includes the left bower or any other card that is considered a trump, if trump is led). If a player no longer has any cards of the suit that is led, they may play any card in their hand. After all four players have played a card, the highest trump takes the trick. If no trump is played, the highest card of the lead suit wins the trick. The winner of the trick leads on the next trick. Once all ten tricks have been played, the hand is scored. The player to the left of the previous dealer deals for the next hand, so that the deal moves clockwise around the table.<sup id="cite_ref-Arnold_1995_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arnold_1995-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Joker">Joker</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Joker"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The joker is always the highest card. If there are trumps, the joker is the highest trump. In no trumps (including misère) the joker can be played only when the player cannot follow suit.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When leading the joker, a player can <i>nominate</i> it into a suit. Other players need to follow the nominated suit. The joker can be led at any time and nominated to any suit even if the player holds cards in the suit.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variations">Variations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Variations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/500_(card_game)" title="Special:EditPage/500 (card game)">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>There are variations of the rules concerning the size of deck, use of the joker, bidding after pass etc. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bidding_after_pass">Bidding after pass</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Bidding after pass"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some play that it is allowed to bid after pass if someone hereafter changes the suit of their bid.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Raising_own_bid_by_the_winner">Raising own bid by the winner</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Raising own bid by the winner"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some play that the winner of the auction can raise their bid.<sup id="cite_ref-Pagat_6-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pagat-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-The_game_of_500_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_game_of_500-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If they change their suit (or no trumps) other players are allowed to bid again.<sup id="cite_ref-Pagat_6-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pagat-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-The_game_of_500_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_game_of_500-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If they only raise their bid without changing the suit, other players cannot bid again.<sup id="cite_ref-Pagat_6-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pagat-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-The_game_of_500_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_game_of_500-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moreover it is a common convention that, if only one player partakes in the auction (other players pass), they cannot raise their bid.<sup id="cite_ref-Pagat_6-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pagat-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-The_game_of_500_15-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_game_of_500-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Joker_in_no_trump">Joker in no trump</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Joker in no trump"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The use of the joker in no trumps (including misère) may vary. In some versions a player may lead a trick with the joker by naming the suit to be followed, but may not name a suit to which the player has previously claimed to be void.<sup id="cite_ref-Pagat_6-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pagat-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In some variations, a player may not "renege" with the joker – that is, use it as a card of a suit in which the player has already claimed to be void (unless the joker is the only card in the player's hand). In some variations, the joker may only be played as the first or last card in a suit. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Walker_Ultimate_500">Walker Ultimate 500</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Walker Ultimate 500"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/500_(card_game)" title="Special:EditPage/500 (card game)">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A variation in which the winning team/player must win exactly 500 points. The game is played as normal, with the additional rule that 1000 points (like negative 500 points) loses the game. "Peggings" (or "Scab Points")<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag needs further explanation. (June 2022)">further explanation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> must be played. This variation usually (not always) results in a longer game and generates more complex bidding and play. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Misère"><span id="Mis.C3.A8re"></span>Misère</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Misère"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Local variants may exclude either <i>open misère</i>, <i>misère</i> or both. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="French_Canadian_variation">French Canadian variation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: French Canadian variation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/500_(card_game)" title="Special:EditPage/500 (card game)">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A variation for four players using two Jokers ("bonhommes") and a standard 52-card pack stripped of 2s and 3s. The white Joker ("la blanche") is considered stronger. The players are dealt 10 cards each in batches of 3–3–4. When 3 are passed, another 3 go to the kitty ("chatte", middle of the table). There should be 6 cards in the middle after the deal. Some variations allow for the final card placed in the kitty to be turned upright for all players to see. </p><p>The attacking player takes the kitty and discards six cards of their choice, and no other player may see them. The bidding goes accordingly with the other variation, and Misère ("Nulot") may be allowed. The "petite" misère is equal to 500 points and can only be outbid by 8NT while "la grosse" or open misère is worth 1000 points and can only be outbid by 10NT (the latter is distinguished in that all cards are placed face-up on the table). </p><p>The game is played to a total of 1000 points. If a team fails to fulfil its contract, the points are added to the other team's total. Points are never subtracted. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Set_rule">Set rule</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Set rule"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/500_(card_game)" title="Special:EditPage/500 (card game)">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The game may be played with a standard variation known as <i>setting</i>. An opponent is <i>set</i> when they fail to fulfill a contract by a predetermined number of bids. The point system and scoring remain as per standard, but an opponent who is awarded the kitty and is subsequently set is not allowed to bid in the next round. Note that it is only the player awarded the kitty (not all players on the team) that is not allowed to bid in the next round. In the case of a set occurring during double misère the player who touches the kitty first is not allowed to bid in the next round. </p><p>Typically, the set occurs at one trick more than is actually necessary to break the bidding team's contract. In other words, 5 tricks in a 7-trick bid, 4 tricks in an 8-trick bid, 3 tricks in a 9-trick bid, 2 tricks in a 10-trick bid. However, for misère, open misère, and double misère a set always occurs at 3 tricks. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Breach_rule_(related_to_the_set_rule)"><span id="Breach_rule_.28related_to_the_set_rule.29"></span>Breach rule (related to the set rule)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Breach rule (related to the set rule)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/500_(card_game)" title="Special:EditPage/500 (card game)">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Breach indicates that a non-bidding team intends to breach the contract of a bidding team by at least one more trick than is actually necessary to break the contract. As opposed to the Setting rule, Breach must be called on a per hand basis, and does result in additional scoring. Typically, Breach is not played in a game when the setting rule is being used. </p><p>A single player from a non-bidding partnership may call to breach another team's contract after a successful bid for a seven-trick (or more) contract has been made. The breach call may be made before or after the contracting team picks up the kitty, but must be made before game play starts. Typically, a breach occurs at one trick more than is actually necessary to break the bidding team's contract. In other words, 5 tricks in a 7-trick bid, 4 tricks in an 8-trick bid, 3 tricks in a 9-trick bid, 2 tricks in a 10-trick bid. However, for misère, open misère, and double misère a breach always occurs at 3 tricks. </p><p>A breach call can result in three different scenarios: </p> <dl><dt>Win/lose</dt> <dd>If the bidding team successfully fulfills its contract, then it receives the full points of the original bid, and the team calling breach loses points.</dd></dl> <dl><dt>Lose/lose</dt> <dd>If the bidding team does not fulfill its bid, but the opposing team does not take the necessary number of tricks to perform a breach, then the bidding team loses the point value of the original bid, and the team calling breach loses the predetermined value of the breach call.</dd></dl> <dl><dt>Lose/win</dt> <dd>If the bidding team loses its bid by the pre-established number of tricks, then the bidding team loses the contract points, and the team calling breach gains the predetermined value of the breach call.</dd></dl> <p>Because breach is not considered an actual bid, a team may not win or lose (“go out the back door”) based on points gained or lost from a breach call. </p><p>A player who calls breach but does not fulfill the conditions of breach (win/lose or lose/lose scenario) is not allowed to bid in the next round. A player who bids a seven-trick contract but is successfully breached by an opponent (lose/win scenario) is not allowed to bid in the next round. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Point_spread_rule">Point spread rule</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Point spread rule"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/500_(card_game)" title="Special:EditPage/500 (card game)">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A variation on the score keeping, the point-spread rule ends the game when one team has a negative score and the other team has a positive score, which results in a point spread of 500 or more points. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Versions_for_2–6_players"><span id="Versions_for_2.E2.80.936_players"></span>Versions for 2–6 players</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Versions for 2–6 players"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Variations exist, with appropriate additions or deductions to the deck for playing three, five or six-handed 500. Three-handed uses no teams, five-handed teams rotate and each player takes a turn without a partner, six-handed can be played as either three teams of two or two teams of three. Six-handed 500 requires a special deck with 63 cards. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Two-handed_500">Two-handed 500</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Two-handed 500"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/500_(card_game)" title="Special:EditPage/500 (card game)">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Two-handed 500 is played with a deck of 43 cards as per the standard game. Whereas in the standard game which includes partners, in the Two-handed game each player plays both the hand that is dealt to them and their partner's which is dealt to the table. The deal is the same as the standard game, except that the partners hands are dealt to the table so that they have 5 cards face down, each covered by a face up card (to give a total of 10 cards). Bidding is the same as the standard game except <i>Misère</i> is generally not allowed. The kitty is used with the player's hand only and no cards can be swapped between the hands. Order of play is as per the standard game. After each trick any exposed face down cards from the partner's hands are turned up and revealed. Play then continues with the lead from the hand that won the last trick. </p><p>Alternatively, the game can be played as per three-handed but with a "dead hand". </p><p>An alternative version is played with the standard 52 card deck. Each player is dealt ten cards and then 8 more cards are exposed on the table. Each player chooses one of these cards to be added to the kitty. No dummies are used and the bidding is standard. After the bid is won the defending player adds one of the remaining exposed cards to their hand and discards an unwanted card. The remaining exposed cards are added to the dead card pile. </p><p>One additional variant is to use a standard game deck of 45 (or 43) cards and have players alternate in drawing cards from the central deck. The kitty is set aside in advance, and in turn, players draw a card, choose to keep or discard it, and then either discard or keep the next card, taking the opposite action as with the previous card. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Three-handed_500">Three-handed 500</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Three-handed 500"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Three-handed 500 is played with a deck of 33 cards (a joker plus a "Piquet pack", i.e. 2s, 3s, 4s, 5s and 6s removed from the standard 52 cards<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). Dealing, scoring and game play are as for the standard game. The common variant is in bidding, where <i>misère</i> may be bid before a bid for seven tricks. This variant is permitted due to the relative rarity of seven-trick bids outside of team play. <i>Open misère</i> may be bid in a similar fashion. Alternatively, the game may be played with the standard deck (45 or 43 cards) with one hand dealt face down, which remains untouched during the game (a so-called "dead hand"). The common strategy is that the two players who are unsuccessful in bidding form a temporary alliance in an attempt to force the other player to lose their bid. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Five-handed_500">Five-handed 500</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Five-handed 500"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Another variation allows five players to play. All of the cards in a deck are used (although only one joker) so that each player can be dealt ten cards. The bidding starts to the dealer's left, and works by the same system as normal 500. The player who wins the bidding may then choose to "go it alone" (go on his/her own – without a partner for this hand<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) or gets to choose a card (in some versions the joker cannot be chosen) to select a partner. One of the bowers is usually chosen, or another high card; however, some variants prevent any trump card from being called. There are two versions of this variation. In one, the player who owns the chosen card announces that they have it, and then becomes the bidder's partner for that round. In the other, even the player winning the bidding will not know who the partner is until the chosen card is played (although the card chosen <i>could</i> be a card the bidder themselves has, that is they effectively selected no partner). Note that the partnership will usually change for each round. The remaining three players then play against the partnership. The player who won the bid gets to play the first card. </p><p>Scoring for this variation uses the same values as normal 500. If the partnership wins the required number of tricks, they will both get points (full points each or half points each, depending on the variation), and if they don't, they will both lose points (either full or half). If one of the three remaining players wins a trick, that player will receive ten points. Neither misère nor open misère is usually permitted in this variant since it is too easy to win. Because the partnership changes each round, there are no fixed teams and each player plays for themselves. This adds dynamic, and new strategies will arise. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Six-handed_500">Six-handed 500</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Six-handed 500"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Special decks of cards were created by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Playing_Card_Company" title="United States Playing Card Company">United States Playing Card Company</a> for playing six-handed 500, using a total of 63 cards. Besides using all 52 cards of the standard poker deck, plus one joker, these sets include 11s, 12s, and red 13s (a variation of their 61-card packs, with no red 13-spot cards, patented in 1881, that had been sold with rules for a forerunner of 500, and updated in 1897 to include red 13s<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). Each player receives 10 cards, and the kitty receives 3. Players seated in alternating positions around the table form two teams of three players each (or three teams of two, in "Cut Throat Six-Handed" 500). These decks are also made by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Queen%E2%80%99s_Slipper&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Queen’s Slipper (page does not exist)">Queen’s Slipper</a>, <a href="/wiki/Piatnik" title="Piatnik">Piatnik</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cartamundi" title="Cartamundi">Cartamundi</a>. A variation is to use <i>two</i> jokers, the black-and-white one ranking highest. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Score_keeping">Score keeping</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Score keeping"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The goal is for the team who wins the bid to take at least as many tricks as they bid. If the high bid is 8<span style="color: red" class="hearts" title="hearts">♥</span>,<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> then the team wins the hand if they take 8, 9, or all 10 tricks and are awarded points according to the table below. There are no bonuses for overtricks<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (tricks over the number bid) in the original rules. If they do not make their bid, the same number of points is <i>subtracted</i> from their score. Whether or not the bid winning team achieves its bid, the opposing team receives 10 points for each trick they take. A team wins the game by scoring at least 500 points; if two teams score 500 or more in the same hand, one by winning their contracted bid and the opponent by winning some tricks, only the team winning the bid wins the game ("goes out the front door"), although some Australian versions (see below) hold that winning the game at any time requires winning a bid.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The original (copyrighted 1904) rules, by the U.S. Playing Card Co., state "If any player scores out during play of a hand, balance of hand is not played, unless the bidder can win out"<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> meaning that the <i>first player</i> to make 500 wins, unless the bidder (also called the "maker" or "declarer") makes 500 later in the same hand. A team whose score dips to −500 points or below (referred to as "set back 500 points") loses the game. This is also known as going "out the back door" or "out backwards". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Avondale">Avondale</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Avondale"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following table is the most commonly used "Avondale" Scoring (and bid precedence) convention<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>} </p> <dl><dd><table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th><b>Tricks</b> </th> <th><b>Spades</b></th> <th><b>Clubs</b></th> <th><b>Diamonds</b></th> <th><b>Hearts</b> </th> <th><b>No Trump</b> </th></tr> <tr> <th>6 tricks </th> <td>40</td> <td>60</td> <td>80</td> <td>100</td> <td>120 </td></tr> <tr> <th>7 tricks </th> <td>140</td> <td>160</td> <td>180</td> <td>200 </td> <td>220 </td></tr> <tr> <th>8 tricks </th> <td>240</td> <td>260</td> <td>280</td> <td>300 </td> <td>320 </td></tr> <tr> <th>9 tricks </th> <td>340</td> <td>360</td> <td>380</td> <td>400 </td> <td>420 </td></tr> <tr> <th>10 tricks </th> <td>440</td> <td>460</td> <td>480</td> <td>500 </td> <td>520 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Slam </th> <td colspan="5">250 for contract below total points of 250, normal for above 250 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Misère </th> <td colspan="5">250 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Open Misère </th> <td colspan="5">500 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Blind Misère </th> <td colspan="5">1000 </td></tr></tbody></table></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Original">Original</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Original"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/500_(card_game)" title="Special:EditPage/500 (card game)">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dd><table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th><b>Tricks</b> </th> <th><b>Spades</b></th> <th><b>Clubs</b></th> <th><b>Diamonds</b></th> <th><b>Hearts</b> </th> <th><b>No Trump</b> </th></tr> <tr> <th>6 tricks </th> <td>40</td> <td>80</td> <td>120</td> <td>160</td> <td>200 </td></tr> <tr> <th>7 tricks </th> <td>60</td> <td>120</td> <td>180</td> <td>240 </td> <td>300 </td></tr> <tr> <th>8 tricks </th> <td>80</td> <td>160</td> <td>240</td> <td>320 </td> <td>400 </td></tr> <tr> <th>9 tricks </th> <td>100</td> <td>200</td> <td>300</td> <td>400 </td> <td>500 </td></tr> <tr> <th>10 tricks </th> <td>120</td> <td>240</td> <td>360</td> <td>480 </td> <td>600 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Slam </th> <td colspan="5">250 for contract below total points of 250, normal for above 250 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Misère </th> <td colspan="5">250 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Open Misère </th> <td colspan="5">500 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Blind Misère </th> <td colspan="5">1000 </td></tr></tbody></table></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Perfect_variant"><i>Perfect</i> variant</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Perfect variant"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Scoring for each family of tricks is reduced by 20 points (see table below), causing 10NT (the highest bid) to be worth exactly 500 points. </p> <dl><dd><table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th><b>Tricks</b> </th> <th><b>Spades</b></th> <th><b>Clubs</b></th> <th><b>Diamonds</b></th> <th><b>Hearts</b> </th> <th><b>No Trump</b> </th></tr> <tr> <th>6 tricks </th> <td>20</td> <td>40</td> <td>60</td> <td>80</td> <td>100 </td></tr> <tr> <th>7 tricks </th> <td>120</td> <td>140</td> <td>160</td> <td>180 </td> <td>200 </td></tr> <tr> <th>8 tricks </th> <td>220</td> <td>240</td> <td>260</td> <td>280 </td> <td>300 </td></tr> <tr> <th>9 tricks </th> <td>320</td> <td>340</td> <td>360</td> <td>380 </td> <td>400 </td></tr> <tr> <th>10 tricks </th> <td>420</td> <td>440</td> <td>460</td> <td>480 </td> <td>500 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Misère </th> <td colspan="5">150 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Open Misère </th> <td colspan="5">250 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Hi/Lo </th> <td colspan="5">350 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Double Misère </th> <td colspan="5">450 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Patastrophe </th> <td colspan="5">750 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Blind Misère </th> <td colspan="5">1000 </td></tr></tbody></table></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_scoring_variations">Other scoring variations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Other scoring variations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>These are options that may be agreed upon amongst players at the outset, or regional variations of the usually-assumed rules. </p> <ul><li>6-trick bids are considered inkles, raising the minimum bid to 7<span style="color:black" class="spades" title="spades">♠</span>.</li> <li>If a team bids 8<span style="color:black" class="spades" title="spades">♠</span> or less, but takes <b>all 10 tricks</b>, they can receive 250 points;<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> known as a "slam".</li> <li>A variation (common in Australia) is to require a team to win the game by scoring at least 500 points <i>through winning bids</i>, which means that any team surpassing 500 points solely with tricks has not yet won the game; the game would continue until a team wins through winning a bid.</li> <li>The game can be played with the removal of the trick points, thus only winning bids score points.</li> <li>If two or more teams pass 500 points on the same hand, a non-standard variation is to give the game to the one with the highest points.</li> <li>A team whose score dips below −500 points loses the game only if the other team is not in the negative.</li> <li>In an <i>unrestricted</i> bidding game, there are no limitations on which hands can be called when, such as only allowing a Misère call after a bid of 7 has already been made. Instead, each subsequent player need only be able to outbid the current highest bid (or pass).</li> <li>Some informal games allow the bidder to lay down several cards at once when they know they will win the tricks, but some rules<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> penalise such actions with 100 points.</li> <li>According to the rules supplied with most Australian 500-specific playing card decks, 6<span style="color:black" class="spades" title="spades">♠</span> is scored as 40 points, 6<span style="color:black" class="clubs" title="clubs">♣</span> as 60 points, increasing by 20 points each bid in this fashion to 120 points for 6NT all the way through to 520 points for 10NT. However, Open Misère, also scoring 520 points, is ranked as the highest bid. Additionally, Misère is deemed to outrank a 7 bid but not an 8 bid.</li> <li><i>Split the colours</i> In this scoring variation Misère outbids 7<span style="color:black" class="spades" title="spades">♠</span>/7<span style="color:black" class="clubs" title="clubs">♣</span>, but not 7<span style="color:red" class="diamonds" title="diamonds">♦</span>/7<span style="color: red" class="hearts" title="hearts">♥</span>; Open Misère outbids 8<span style="color:black" class="spades" title="spades">♠</span>/8<span style="color:black" class="clubs" title="clubs">♣</span>, but not 8<span style="color:red" class="diamonds" title="diamonds">♦</span>/8<span style="color: red" class="hearts" title="hearts">♥</span>; Hi/Lo outbids 9<span style="color:black" class="spades" title="spades">♠</span>/9<span style="color:black" class="clubs" title="clubs">♣</span>, but not 9<span style="color:red" class="diamonds" title="diamonds">♦</span>/9<span style="color: red" class="hearts" title="hearts">♥</span>; and Double Misère outbids 10<span style="color:black" class="spades" title="spades">♠</span>/10<span style="color:black" class="clubs" title="clubs">♣</span>, but not 10<span style="color:red" class="diamonds" title="diamonds">♦</span>/10<span style="color: red" class="hearts" title="hearts">♥</span> (shown in table below).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bidding_conventions">Bidding conventions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Bidding conventions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Similarly to <a href="/wiki/Bridge_(card_game)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bridge (card game)">bridge</a> there are possible <a href="/wiki/Bidding_convention" class="mw-redirect" title="Bidding convention">bidding conventions</a> in 500. It is considered standard to bid 6NT whenever one holds the joker.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/John_McLeod_(card_game_researcher)" title="John McLeod (card game researcher)">John McLeod</a> states it is allowed in <a href="/wiki/Saint_Paul,_Minnesota" title="Saint Paul, Minnesota">Saint Paul, Minnesota</a> to bid "no trumps" (for instance 6 no trumps) if one holds strong cards and "no" (for instance 6 no) when one holds the joker or two jacks of opposite colors (red and black).<sup id="cite_ref-Pagat_6-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pagat-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two jacks of opposite colors ensure that the partnership will hold one of the three highest trumps regardless of suit chosen. </p><p>It is standard to open 6 in a suit with good suit and 7 or 8 with better hand.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some propose that opening 6 should indicate an ace or king in the suit and that rebid should indicate good suit for play.<sup id="cite_ref-How_to_play_500_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-How_to_play_500-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Openings 6<span style="color:black" class="spades" title="spades">♠</span>/<span style="color:black" class="clubs" title="clubs">♣</span>/<span style="color:red" class="diamonds" title="diamonds">♦</span>/<span style="color: red" class="hearts" title="hearts">♥</span> can be bluffs in order to bid misère when auction reaches the level 7.<sup id="cite_ref-How_to_play_500_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-How_to_play_500-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bryce_Francis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bryce Francis (page does not exist)">Bryce Francis</a>, who authored a book on 500, proposed a very advanced bidding system for more elaborate version of 500 with bidding after pass and raising the bid by the winner allowed. In his system opening 6<span style="color:black" class="spades" title="spades">♠</span> shows the ace of spades.<sup id="cite_ref-Better_calling_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Better_calling-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 6<span style="color:black" class="clubs" title="clubs">♣</span> shows the ace of clubs and lack of the ace of spades etc.<sup id="cite_ref-Better_calling_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Better_calling-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 6NT shows the joker but lack of aces.<sup id="cite_ref-Better_calling_32-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Better_calling-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Openings 7<span style="color:black" class="spades" title="spades">♠</span>/<span style="color:black" class="clubs" title="clubs">♣</span>/<span style="color:red" class="diamonds" title="diamonds">♦</span>/<span style="color: red" class="hearts" title="hearts">♥</span> show good suit but lack of aces and the joker.<sup id="cite_ref-Better_calling_32-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Better_calling-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Opening 7NT shows strong hand but lack of aces and the joker (for instance 4 kings). <sup id="cite_ref-Better_calling_32-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Better_calling-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The responder shows aces as well.<sup id="cite_ref-Better_calling_32-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Better_calling-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To show a good suit which hasn't been bid one needs to jump bid it.<sup id="cite_ref-Better_calling_32-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Better_calling-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For instance </p> <dl><dd>6<span style="color: red" class="hearts" title="hearts">♥</span> – ? <dl><dd>6NT – joker,</dd> <dd>7<span style="color:black" class="spades" title="spades">♠</span> – the ace of spades but lack of the joker,</dd> <dd>7<span style="color:black" class="clubs" title="clubs">♣</span> – the ace of clubs but lack of the joker and the ace of spades,</dd> <dd>7<span style="color:red" class="diamonds" title="diamonds">♦</span> – the ace of diamonds, but lack of the joker and other aces,</dd> <dd>7<span style="color: red" class="hearts" title="hearts">♥</span> – good hearts but lack of the joker and aces,</dd> <dd>8<span style="color:black" class="spades" title="spades">♠</span> – good spades but lack of the joker and aces etc.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>Showing aces can commence also after opening at the level of 7.<sup id="cite_ref-Better_calling_32-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Better_calling-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the Francis' system it is also possible to show kings and even queens and jacks.<sup id="cite_ref-Better_calling_32-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Better_calling-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kings can be shown by bidding no trumps in the second round of auction. For instance in the following auction </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td>Left opponent </td> <td>Partner </td> <td>Right opponent </td> <td>Player </td></tr> <tr> <td>6<span style="color: red" class="hearts" title="hearts">♥</span> </td> <td>6NT </td> <td>7<span style="color:black" class="spades" title="spades">♠</span> </td> <td>7<span style="color:black" class="clubs" title="clubs">♣</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Pass </td> <td>7<span style="color:red" class="diamonds" title="diamonds">♦</span> </td> <td>Pass </td> <td>? </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>7NT now by the responder shows the king of diamonds.<sup id="cite_ref-Better_calling_32-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Better_calling-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is because the opponents had shown the aces of hearts and spades, partner showed the joker and the ace of diamonds. 7NT now shows the king of diamonds and potential possibility to play no trumps with diamonds as the source of tricks. 8<span style="color:red" class="diamonds" title="diamonds">♦</span> would show good diamonds but lack of <span style="color:red" class="diamonds" title="diamonds">♦</span>K. 7<span style="color: red" class="hearts" title="hearts">♥</span> would show good hearts etc. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Strategy">Strategy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Strategy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248666159">.mw-parser-output .tfd-dated{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .tfd-default{border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);clear:both;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tfd-tiny{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .tfd-inline{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1)}.mw-parser-output .tfd-sidebar{border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);text-align:center;position:relative}@media(min-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .tfd-sidebar{clear:right;float:right;width:22em}}</style><p><span class="tfd tfd-dated tfd-inline">‹The <a href="/wiki/Help:Template" title="Help:Template">template</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Template:How-to" title="Template:How-to">How-to</a></i> is being <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/Log/2024_November_25#Template:How-to" title="Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2024 November 25">considered for merging</a>.›</span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"></p><table class="box-Howto plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>contains <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#NOTHOWTO" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">instructions, advice, or how-to content</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit">rewrite the content</a> so that it is more encyclopedic or <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Transwiki" class="extiw" title="m:Help:Transwiki">move</a> it to <a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="v:">Wikiversity</a>, <a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="b:">Wikibooks</a>, or <a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="voy:">Wikivoyage</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2021</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bidding_2">Bidding</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Bidding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bids are typically made with the consideration that one will be receiving cards from the kitty and playing with a partner (except for misère and open misère) who hopefully will also be able to win a certain number of tricks. While the number of tricks one feel one's partner will be able to win will vary in each situation, one should bid based on that assumption and not only on the cards in one's hand. </p><p>On the other hand, it is also important to remember that one's partner will be using the same strategy in their bidding; and therefore, if one's partner bids 6<span style="color: red" class="hearts" title="hearts">♥</span>, for example, one may not necessarily want to bid 8<span style="color: red" class="hearts" title="hearts">♥</span> simply because one have two cards of the proposed trump suit in one's hand. <sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When confronted with a hand that is more-or-less even in two different suits, it is customary to bid on the suit with a higher point value. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Card_Counting">Card Counting</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Card Counting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/500_(card_game)" title="Special:EditPage/500 (card game)">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>When playing with 45 cards, the deck is composed of four suits with 11 cards each, and one Joker. In a suited contract (7<span style="color: red" class="hearts" title="hearts">♥</span>, 8<span style="color:black" class="spades" title="spades">♠</span>, and so on), the trump suit will have 13 cards, the suit of the same colour will have only ten, and the two suits of opposite colour will remain at 11 cards each. </p><p>A simple strategy to bidding is to attempt to predict how the unaccounted-for trump cards (the ones one don't actually hold in one's hand) would be distributed among the remaining players, excluding the kitty, with all things being equal. In other words, if one hold seven cards of one suit it can be helpful to assume that the remaining six trump cards are distributed evenly among the remaining three players (two each and none in the kitty). Doing so can provide a basic idea of how many times one's opponents will be able to follow suit in each of the four suits. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Discarding_the_kitty">Discarding the kitty</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Discarding the kitty"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/500_(card_game)" title="Special:EditPage/500 (card game)">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>If one are successful at bidding a suited contract and are awarded the kitty, a basic strategy of discarding is to eliminate as many non-trump suits from one's hand as possible, thus giving the most opportunity to use trump cards. However, discarding as many suits as possible is only a basic strategy, and should be met with some qualifications. </p><p>First, in most contract bids it is beneficial to keep an ace of any non-trump suit, as with all things being equal each player will with high probability have at least two cards of any given non-trump suit, making the ace of that suit a winning card. </p><p>Second, it can also be effective in some circumstances to intentionally keep the king of a non-trump suit and a low card of the same suit (for example the <span style="color: red" class="hearts" title="hearts">♥</span>6 and <span style="color: red" class="hearts" title="hearts">♥</span>K when spades are trump) when one are unable to discard that suit entirely. The resulting strategy is to then play the low card first, with the assumption that one will lose the trick to the player holding the ace of that suit, and then when one have regained control of the table the king is played under the assumption that it will be a winning card. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Leading_trump">Leading trump</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Leading trump"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sometimes called <i>flushing</i> or <i>bleeding</i> trump, leading the trump suit immediately can often be (but isn't always) an effective strategy. This is typically done in the following situations. </p><p>First, when a player has an above-average number of high trump cards they may wish to flush out the missing high trump cards. For example, if a player who has bid 7<span style="color: red" class="hearts" title="hearts">♥</span> is left holding the red joker and <span class="nowrap"><span style="color:red" class="diamonds" title="diamonds">♦</span>J <span style="color: red" class="hearts" title="hearts">♥</span>AKQ4</span>, then they have five of the six highest cards (and six total). A suitable strategy would be to start the game playing highest trump (the Joker) in an attempt to force the play of the <span style="color: red" class="hearts" title="hearts">♥</span>J. </p><p>An alternative, but similar, strategy in this situation would be to play the <span style="color: red" class="hearts" title="hearts">♥</span>Q. This alternative strategy would force the player holding the <span style="color: red" class="hearts" title="hearts">♥</span>J to decide between either playing the jack, or throwing away a lower trump card to intentionally lose to the queen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Euchre" title="Euchre">Euchre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanterloo" title="Lanterloo">Loo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_(card_game)" title="Napoleon (card game)">Nap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepper_(card_game)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pepper (card game)">Pepper</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=500_(card_game)&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Peter Arnold, <i>The Book of Card Games</i>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56619-950-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-56619-950-6">1-56619-950-6</a>, p. 122–126</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">L. Dawson, Edmond Hoyle, <i>Hoyle's Card Games</i>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-415-00880-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-415-00880-8">0-415-00880-8</a>, p. 222</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Charles Henry Goren, Ely Culbertson, <i>Goren's Hoyle Encyclopedia of Games</i>, 1961, p. 210</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110707233927/http://www.bicyclecards.com/company-history-pages-8.php">"Company History | Playing Cards, Card Games and Rules, Games and Family Fun from Bicycle"</a>. 2011-07-07. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bicyclecards.com/company-history-pages-8.php">the original</a> on 2011-07-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-06-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Company+History+%7C+Playing+Cards%2C+Card+Games+and+Rules%2C+Games+and+Family+Fun+from+Bicycle&rft.date=2011-07-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bicyclecards.com%2Fcompany-history-pages-8.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A500+%28card+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">David Parlett, <i>Oxford Dictionary of Card Games</i>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-869173-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-869173-4">0-19-869173-4</a>, p. 108</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pagat-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pagat_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pagat_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pagat_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pagat_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pagat_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pagat_6-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pagat_6-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pagat_6-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pagat_6-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pagat_6-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pagat_6-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pagat_6-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pagat_6-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pagat_6-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pagat_6-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pagat.com/euchre/500.html"><i>Five Hundred</i></a> at www.pagat.com. Retrieved 8 Jan 2019</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMike_Fowlds2022" class="citation web cs1">Mike Fowlds (2022-08-29). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mikefowlds.medium.com/card-games-500-vs-bridge-6ee301af81f4">"Card games: 500 vs bridge"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-01-30</span></span>. <q>500 is known as the national card game of Australia. I took an informal poll and most (non immigrant) Australians will know of the game, even if they last played it at a school camp and are a bit vague now on the rules.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Card+games%3A+500+vs+bridge&rft.date=2022-08-29&rft.au=Mike+Fowlds&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmikefowlds.medium.com%2Fcard-games-500-vs-bridge-6ee301af81f4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A500+%28card+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://500rules.com/#set-up">"How to Play – The Set Up"</a>. <i>500 Rules</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=500+Rules&rft.atitle=How+to+Play+%E2%80%93+The+Set+Up&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2F500rules.com%2F%23set-up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A500+%28card+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBradley" class="citation web cs1">Bradley, FG. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fgbradleys.com/rules/rules4/Five%20Hundred%20-%20rules.pdf">"Five Hundred"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Five+Hundred&rft.aulast=Bradley&rft.aufirst=FG&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fgbradleys.com%2Frules%2Frules4%2FFive%2520Hundred%2520-%2520rules.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A500+%28card+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_McLeod" class="citation web cs1">John McLeod. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pagat.com/euchre/500.html#bidding">"Five Hundred"</a>. <q>Open Misere is higher than Ten Diamonds but lower than Ten Hearts. You do not have to wait for the bidding to reach any particular level – Open Misere can be bid over any lower bid, or even as the first bid of the auction.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Five+Hundred&rft.au=John+McLeod&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pagat.com%2Feuchre%2F500.html%23bidding&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A500+%28card+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Arnold_1995-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Arnold_1995_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArnold1995" class="citation book cs1">Arnold, Peter (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6Ph-q7UY4LIC&q=500&pg=PP11"><i>The Book of Card Games</i></a>. Barnes & Noble Publishing. p. 123. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781566199506" title="Special:BookSources/9781566199506"><bdi>9781566199506</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-12-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Book+of+Card+Games&rft.pages=123&rft.pub=Barnes+%26+Noble+Publishing&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=9781566199506&rft.aulast=Arnold&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6Ph-q7UY4LIC%26q%3D500%26pg%3DPP11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A500+%28card+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBryce_Francis" class="citation web cs1">Bryce Francis. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.play500.com/gameof500.html">"The card game of 500 according to Francis"</a>. <q>The Joker in no trumps: The most commonly accepted practice is that the joker can only be used as a trump card if the player holding the joker cannot follow a suit led</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+card+game+of+500+according+to+Francis&rft.au=Bryce+Francis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.play500.com%2Fgameof500.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A500+%28card+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBryce_Francis" class="citation web cs1">Bryce Francis. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.play500.com/gameof500.html">"The card game of 500 according to Francis"</a>. <q>The Joker in no trumps: (...) However a player may use the joker to call it any suit and lead it at any time.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+card+game+of+500+according+to+Francis&rft.au=Bryce+Francis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.play500.com%2Fgameof500.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A500+%28card+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBryce_Francis" class="citation web cs1">Bryce Francis. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.play500.com/gameof500.html">"The card game of 500 According to Francis:The game of 500"</a>. <q>Any player changing the suit of any call he makes at any time gives all players the right to re-enter the bidding.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+card+game+of+500+According+to+Francis%3AThe+game+of+500&rft.au=Bryce+Francis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.play500.com%2Fgameof500.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A500+%28card+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_game_of_500-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_game_of_500_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_game_of_500_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_game_of_500_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_game_of_500_15-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBryce_Francis" class="citation web cs1">Bryce Francis. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.play500.com/gameof500.html">"The card game of 500 According to Francis: The game of 500"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+card+game+of+500+According+to+Francis%3A+The+game+of+500&rft.au=Bryce+Francis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.play500.com%2Fgameof500.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A500+%28card+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhillips1968" class="citation book cs1">Phillips, Hubert (1968). "Games for Three Players – Five Hundred". <i>The Pan Book of Card Games</i> (1960 ed.). London, Reading and Fakenham: Cox & Wyman Ltd. p. 253.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Games+for+Three+Players+%E2%80%93+Five+Hundred&rft.btitle=The+Pan+Book+of+Card+Games&rft.place=London%2C+Reading+and+Fakenham&rft.pages=253&rft.edition=1960&rft.pub=Cox+%26+Wyman+Ltd.&rft.date=1968&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=Hubert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A500+%28card+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fgbradleys.com/rules/rules4/Five%20Hundred%20-%20rules.pdf">"Five Hundred – for 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 players"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Five+Hundred+%E2%80%93+for+2%2C+3%2C+4%2C+5+or+6+players&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fgbradleys.com%2Frules%2Frules4%2FFive%2520Hundred%2520-%2520rules.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A500+%28card+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pagat.com/euchre/500.html">"Rules of Card Games: Five Hundred"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rules+of+Card+Games%3A+Five+Hundred&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pagat.com%2Feuchre%2F500.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A500+%28card+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hubert Phillips, B. C. Westall, <i>The Complete Book of Card Games</i>, London: Witherby, 1939, pp. 172–175</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Little Giant Encyclopedia of Card Games</i>, Diagram Group, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8069-1330-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-8069-1330-4">0-8069-1330-4</a>, p. 78</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pagat.com/euchre/500.html#end">"Rules of Card Games: Five Hundred (End of the Game)"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rules+of+Card+Games%3A+Five+Hundred+%28End+of+the+Game%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pagat.com%2Feuchre%2F500.html%23end&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A500+%28card+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">"Five Hundred". <i>The Official Rules of Card Games</i> (46th ed.). The United States Playing Card Company. 1948. p. 133.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Five+Hundred&rft.btitle=The+Official+Rules+of+Card+Games&rft.pages=133&rft.edition=46th&rft.pub=The+United+States+Playing+Card+Company&rft.date=1948&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A500+%28card+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304215904/http://www.bicyclecards.ca/game-rules/five-hundred/124.php?page_id=32">"Five Hundred 500 Card Game Rules"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bicyclecards.ca/game-rules/five-hundred/124.php?page_id=32">the original</a> on 2016-03-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-12-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Five+Hundred+500+Card+Game+Rules&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bicyclecards.ca%2Fgame-rules%2Ffive-hundred%2F124.php%3Fpage_id%3D32&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A500+%28card+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pagat.com/euchre/500.html">"Rules of Card Games: Five Hundred"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rules+of+Card+Games%3A+Five+Hundred&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pagat.com%2Feuchre%2F500.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A500+%28card+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">N.A.C Bathe, "Card and Dice Games" 2nd Edition, (probably first edition), p. 34</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhillips1968" class="citation book cs1">Phillips, Hubert (1968). <i>The Pan Book of Card Games</i> (1960 ed.). London, Reading and Fakenham: Cox & Wyman Ltd. p. 255.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Pan+Book+of+Card+Games&rft.place=London%2C+Reading+and+Fakenham&rft.pages=255&rft.edition=1960&rft.pub=Cox+%26+Wyman+Ltd.&rft.date=1968&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=Hubert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A500+%28card+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160124032553/http://www.clubsnz.org.nz/dmdocuments/Sports/Main_Sports_Page_Docs/Tournament_Rules/500/Updated_Rules_amended_4_May_2013.pdf">"Tournament Rules – Updated Rules"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.clubsnz.org.nz/dmdocuments/Sports/Main_Sports_Page_Docs/Tournament_Rules/500/Updated_Rules_amended_4_May_2013.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 24 January 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tournament+Rules+%E2%80%93+Updated+Rules&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.clubsnz.org.nz%2Fdmdocuments%2FSports%2FMain_Sports_Page_Docs%2FTournament_Rules%2F500%2FUpdated_Rules_amended_4_May_2013.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A500+%28card+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBryce_Francis" class="citation web cs1">Bryce Francis. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.play500.com/oldway.html">"The card game of 500 According to Francis: Traditional calling"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-01-24</span></span>. <q>Strangely enough most players have been taught to call the joker, by calling six no trumps if you hold that card, and this regardless of any other strengths in that hand.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+card+game+of+500+According+to+Francis%3A+Traditional+calling&rft.au=Bryce+Francis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.play500.com%2Foldway.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A500+%28card+game%29" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndrew_Blucher" class="citation web cs1">Andrew Blucher. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080501144119/www.csse.monash.edu.au/~andyb/500.html">"How to play 500"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-01-24</span></span>. <q>A key piece of information is the location of the Joker. It is common to bid six No-trumps if you hold the Joker.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+to+play+500&rft.au=Andrew+Blucher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20080501144119%2Fwww.csse.monash.edu.au%2F~andyb%2F500.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A500+%28card+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBryce_Francis" class="citation web cs1">Bryce Francis. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.play500.com/oldway.html">"The card game of 500 According to Francis: Traditional calling"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+card+game+of+500+According+to+Francis%3A+Traditional+calling&rft.au=Bryce+Francis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.play500.com%2Foldway.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A500+%28card+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-How_to_play_500-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-How_to_play_500_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-How_to_play_500_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndrew_Blucher" class="citation web cs1">Andrew Blucher. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080501144119/www.csse.monash.edu.au/~andyb/500.html">"How to play 500"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+to+play+500&rft.au=Andrew+Blucher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20080501144119%2Fwww.csse.monash.edu.au%2F~andyb%2F500.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A500+%28card+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Better_calling-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Better_calling_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Better_calling_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Better_calling_32-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Better_calling_32-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Better_calling_32-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Better_calling_32-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Better_calling_32-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Better_calling_32-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Better_calling_32-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Better_calling_32-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBryce_Francis" class="citation web cs1">Bryce Francis. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.play500.com/calling.html">"The card game of 500 According to Francis:Calling"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+card+game+of+500+According+to+Francis%3ACalling&rft.au=Bryce+Francis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.play500.com%2Fcalling.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A500+%28card+game%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Trick-taking_card_games" title="Template:Trick-taking card games"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Trick-taking_card_games" title="Template talk:Trick-taking card games"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Trick-taking_card_games" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Trick-taking card games"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Trick-taking_card_games_(list)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Trick-taking_game" title="Trick-taking game">Trick-taking card games</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_trick-taking_games" title="List of trick-taking games">list</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/French-suited_playing_cards" title="French-suited playing cards">French packs</a><br /><small>52 cards<br />(except where stated)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3-2-5" class="mw-redirect" title="3-2-5">3-2-5</a> (30)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/3-5-8" class="mw-redirect" title="3-5-8">3-5-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/400_(card_game)" title="400 (card game)">400</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">500</a> (43)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1000_(card_game)" title="1000 (card game)">1000</a> (24)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1001_(card_game)" title="1001 (card game)">1001</a> (24)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_fours_(card_game)" title="All fours (card game)">All fours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auction_bridge" title="Auction bridge">Auction bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbu_(card_game)" title="Barbu (card game)">Barbu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba%C5%9Bka" title="Baśka">Baśka</a> (16)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bid_whist" title="Bid whist">Bid whist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bisca_(card_game)" title="Bisca (card game)">Bisca</a> (40)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_lady" class="mw-redirect" title="Black lady">Black lady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Maria_(card_game)" title="Black Maria (card game)">Black Maria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bluke" title="Bluke">Bluke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonken" title="Bonken">Bonken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_(card_game)" title="Boston (card game)">Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bourr%C3%A9" title="Bourré">Bourré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contract_bridge" title="Contract bridge">Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Call-ace_whist" class="mw-redirect" title="Call-ace whist">Call-ace whist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinch_(card_game)" title="Cinch (card game)">Cinch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clabber" title="Clabber">Clabber</a> (24)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clag_(card_game)" title="Clag (card game)">Clag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlust" title="Chlust">Chlust</a> (20)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court_piece" title="Court piece">Court piece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cucumber_(card_game)" title="Cucumber (card game)">Cucumber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Femkort" title="Femkort">Femkort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forty-fives" title="Forty-fives">Forty-fives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_whist" title="French whist">French whist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_whist" title="German whist">German whist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gong_Zhu" title="Gong Zhu">Gong Zhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hearts_(card_game)" title="Hearts (card game)">Hearts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hucklebuck" title="Hucklebuck">Hucklebuck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kachufool" title="Kachufool">Kachufool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_(card_game)" title="King (card game)">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knock-out_whist" title="Knock-out whist">Knock-out whist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konter_a_Matt" title="Konter a Matt">Konter a Matt</a> (24)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kop_(card_game)" title="Kop (card game)">Kop</a> (16)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6pknack" title="Köpknack">Köpknack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kn%C3%BCffeln" title="Knüffeln">Knüffeln</a> (48)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanterloo" title="Lanterloo">Lanterloo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizerka_(card_game)" title="Mizerka (card game)">Mizerka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_(card_game)" title="Napoleon (card game)">Napoleon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninety-nine_(trick-taking_card_game)" title="Ninety-nine (trick-taking card game)">Ninety-nine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norseman%27s_knock" title="Norseman's knock">Norseman's knock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oh_hell" title="Oh hell">Oh hell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_(card_game)" title="Pedro (card game)">Pedro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinochle" title="Pinochle">Pinochle</a> (2x24)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitch_(card_game)" title="Pitch (card game)">Pitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phat_(card_game)" title="Phat (card game)">Phat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polskpas" title="Polskpas">Polskpas</a> (24)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priffe" title="Priffe">Priffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Put_(card_game)" title="Put (card game)">Put</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ristikontra" title="Ristikontra">Ristikontra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%B6dsk%C3%A4gg" title="Rödskägg">Rödskägg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelem" title="Shelem">Shelem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheng_ji" title="Sheng ji">Sheng ji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixty-three_(card_game)" title="Sixty-three (card game)">Sixty-three</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sjavs" title="Sjavs">Sjavs</a> (Danish) (20)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sk%C3%A6rvindsel" title="Skærvindsel">Skærvindsel</a> (28)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smear_(card_game)" title="Smear (card game)">Smear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spades_(card_game)" title="Spades (card game)">Spades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maw_(card_game)" title="Maw (card game)">Spoil Five</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St%C3%BDrivolt" title="Stýrivolt">Stýrivolt</a> (48)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sueca_(card_game)" title="Sueca (card game)">Sueca</a> (40)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarneeb" title="Tarneeb">Tarneeb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thunee" title="Thunee">Thunee</a> (24)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_King" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish King">Turkish King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twenty-five_(card_game)" title="Twenty-five (card game)">Twenty-five (Spoil Five)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-ten-jack" title="Two-ten-jack">Two-ten-jack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vira_(card_game)" title="Vira (card game)">Vira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whist" title="Whist">Whist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zwikken" title="Zwikken">Zwikken</a> (20)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/French-suited_playing_cards" title="French-suited playing cards">French packs</a><br /><small>36 cards</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agram_(card_game)" title="Agram (card game)">Agram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%AAte" title="Bête">Bête</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Br%C3%A4us" title="Bräus">Bräus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brus_(card_game)" title="Brus (card game)">Brus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Br%C3%BAs" title="Brús">Brús</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruus" title="Bruus">Bruus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bura_(card_game)" title="Bura (card game)">Bura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catch_the_ten" title="Catch the ten">Catch the ten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapp_(card_game)" title="Tapp (card game)">Dapp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frog_(American_card_game)" title="Frog (American card game)">Frog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindersche" title="Hindersche">Hindersche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knack_(card_game)" title="Knack (card game)">Knack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marjapussi" title="Marjapussi">Marjapussi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rutersju" title="Rutersju">Rutersju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scharwenzel" title="Scharwenzel">Scharwenzel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Six-bid_solo" title="Six-bid solo">Six-bid solo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sv%C3%A4ngknack" title="Svängknack">Svängknack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapp_(card_game)" title="Tapp (card game)">Tapp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarabish" title="Tarabish">Tarabish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trekort" title="Trekort">Trekort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viersche" title="Viersche">Viersche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voormsi" title="Voormsi">Voormsi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/French-suited_playing_cards" title="French-suited playing cards">French packs</a><br /><small>32 cards</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/304_(card_game)" title="304 (card game)">304</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baloot" title="Baloot">Baloot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bassadewitz" title="Bassadewitz">Bassadewitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bauerchen" title="Bauerchen">Bauerchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bauernheinrich" title="Bauernheinrich">Bauernheinrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belote" title="Belote">Belote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bezique" title="Bezique">Bezique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bierlachs" title="Bierlachs">Bierlachs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brandeln" title="Brandeln">Brandeln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruus" title="Bruus">Bruus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chouine" title="Chouine">Chouine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coinche" title="Coinche">Coinche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cart%C3%A9" title="Écarté">Écarté</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enfl%C3%A9" title="Enflé">Enflé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euchre" title="Euchre">Euchre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fipsen" title="Fipsen">Fipsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zwanzig_ab" title="Zwanzig ab">Fünf dazu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herzblatt" title="Herzblatt">Herzblatt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaiser_(card_game)" title="Kaiser (card game)">Kaiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaberjass" title="Klaberjass">Klaberjass/Bela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klammern" title="Klammern">Klammern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaverjas" title="Klaverjas">Klaverjas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letzter" title="Letzter">Letzter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letzter_Stich" title="Letzter Stich">Letzter Stich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manille" title="Manille">Manille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marjolet" title="Marjolet">Marjolet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mistigri_(card_game)" title="Mistigri (card game)">Mistigri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Officers%27_Skat" title="Officers' Skat">Officers' Skat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oma_Skat" title="Oma Skat">Oma Skat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilotta" title="Pilotta">Pilotta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piquet" title="Piquet">Piquet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polignac_(card_game)" title="Polignac (card game)">Polignac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preferans" title="Preferans">Preferans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence" title="Préférence">Préférence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rams_(card_game)" title="Rams (card game)">Rams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schwimmen" title="Schwimmen">Schwimmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheepshead_(card_game)" title="Sheepshead (card game)">Sheepshead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siebenschr%C3%A4m" title="Siebenschräm">Siebenschräm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sjavs" title="Sjavs">Sjavs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skat_(card_game)" title="Skat (card game)">Skat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slobberhannes" title="Slobberhannes">Slobberhannes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solo_66" title="Solo 66">Solo 66</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tausendundeins" class="mw-redirect" title="Tausendundeins">Tausendundeins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tippen" title="Tippen">Tippen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toepen" title="Toepen">Toepen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siebenschr%C3%A4m" title="Siebenschräm">Tuppen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twenty-eight_(card_game)" title="Twenty-eight (card game)">Twenty-eight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zwanzig_ab" title="Zwanzig ab">Zwanzig ab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zwicken" title="Zwicken">Zwicken</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/German-suited_playing_cards" title="German-suited playing cards">German packs</a> <small>36 cards</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bauerntarock" title="Bauerntarock">Bauerntarock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bavarian_Tarock" title="Bavarian Tarock">Bavarian Tarock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bieten" title="Bieten">Bieten</a> (33)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruus" title="Bruus">Brusbart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dobbm" title="Dobbm">Dobbm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bavarian_Tarock" title="Bavarian Tarock">Haferltarock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaggln" title="Jaggln">Jaggln</a> (33)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kratzen" title="Kratzen">Kratzen</a> (33)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mulatschak" title="Mulatschak">Mulatschak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perlaggen" title="Perlaggen">Perlaggen</a> (33)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schnalzen" title="Schnalzen">Schnalzen</a> (33)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapp_(card_game)" title="Tapp (card game)">Württemberg Tarock</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/German-suited_playing_cards" title="German-suited playing cards">German packs</a><br /><small>32 cards<br />(except where stated)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bauernfangen" title="Bauernfangen">Bauernfangen</a> (20)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bauernschnapsen" title="Bauernschnapsen">Bauernschnapsen</a> (20)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bierkopf" title="Bierkopf">Bierkopf</a> (20)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binokel" title="Binokel">Binokel</a> (2x24)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blattla" title="Blattla">Blattla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohemian_Schneider" title="Bohemian Schneider">Bohemian Schneider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohemian_Watten" title="Bohemian Watten">Bohemian Watten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolachen" title="Bolachen">Bolachen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doppelkopf" title="Doppelkopf">Doppelkopf</a> (2x24)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dreeg" title="Dreeg">Dreeg</a> (24)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dreierschnapsen" title="Dreierschnapsen">Dreierschnapsen</a> (20)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elfern" title="Elfern">Elfern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaigel" title="Gaigel">Gaigel</a> (2x24)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Schafkopf" title="German Schafkopf">German Schafkopf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Solo" title="German Solo">German Solo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilten_(card_game)" title="Gilten (card game)">Gilten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grasobern" title="Grasobern">Grasobern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herzeln" title="Herzeln">Herzeln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herzla" title="Herzla">Herzla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kein_Stich" title="Kein Stich">Kein Stich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lampeln" title="Lampeln">Lampeln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorum_(card_game)" title="Lorum (card game)">Lorum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lupfen_(card_game)" title="Lupfen (card game)">Lupfen</a> (20)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lusti-Kartl%27n" title="Lusti-Kartl'n">Lusti-Kartl'n</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mari%C3%A1%C5%A1" title="Mariáš">Mariáš</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matzlfangen" title="Matzlfangen">Matzlfangen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauscheln" title="Mauscheln">Mauscheln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mucken" title="Mucken">Mucken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Officers%27_Schafkopf" title="Officers' Schafkopf">Officers' Schafkopf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quodlibet_(card_game)" title="Quodlibet (card game)">Quodlibet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsch" title="Ramsch">Ramsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramscheln" title="Ramscheln">Ramscheln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsen_(card_game)" title="Ramsen (card game)">Ramsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosbiratschka" title="Rosbiratschka">Rosbiratschka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumpel" title="Rumpel">Rumpel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Schnapsen" title="Russian Schnapsen">Russian Schnapsen</a> (24)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schafkopf" title="Schafkopf">Schafkopf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schnapsen" title="Schnapsen">Schnapsen</a> (20)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedma" title="Sedma">Sedma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedmice" title="Sedmice">Sedmice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixty-six_(card_game)" title="Sixty-six (card game)">Sixty-six</a> (24)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sticheln" title="Sticheln">Sticheln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trischettn" title="Trischettn">Trischettn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallachen" title="Wallachen">Wallachen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watten_(card_game)" title="Watten (card game)">Watten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wendish_Schafkopf" title="Wendish Schafkopf">Wendish Schafkopf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulti" title="Ulti">Ulti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unteransetzen" title="Unteransetzen">Unteransetzen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zehnerlegen" title="Zehnerlegen">Zehnerlegen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Italian-suited_playing_cards" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian-suited playing cards">Italian</a> or <a href="/wiki/Spanish-suited_playing_cards" title="Spanish-suited playing cards">Spanish</a> packs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aluette" title="Aluette">Aluette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bestia_(game)" title="Bestia (game)">Bestia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botifarra_(card_game)" title="Botifarra (card game)">Botifarra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brisca" title="Brisca">Brisca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Briscola" title="Briscola">Briscola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calabresella" title="Calabresella">Calabresella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gil%C3%A9" title="Gilé">Gilé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julepe" title="Julepe">Julepe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tressette" title="Tressette">Tressette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Truc" title="Truc">Truc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Truc_y_Flou" title="Truc y Flou">Truc y Flou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Truco" title="Truco">Truco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tute" title="Tute">Tute</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Swiss-suited_playing_cards" title="Swiss-suited playing cards">Swiss German packs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jass" title="Jass">Jass</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chratze" title="Chratze">Chratze</a>, <a href="/wiki/Schieberjass" class="mw-redirect" title="Schieberjass">Schieberjass</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hindersi-Jass" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindersi-Jass">Hindersi-Jass</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaiserspiel" title="Kaiserspiel">Kaiserspiel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Trick-taking_card_games" title="Category:Trick-taking card games">Category</a> <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Historical_card_games" title="Template:Historical card games">Historical card games</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Non_trick-taking_card_games" title="Template:Non trick-taking card games">Non trick-taking card games</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Tarot_and_Tarock_card_games" title="Template:Tarot and Tarock card games">Tarot and Tarock card games</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4639730#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85048926">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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