CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:fb="http://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml" class="wf-loading"> <head prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns# fb: https://ogp.me/ns/fb# academia: https://ogp.me/ns/fb/academia#"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name=viewport content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <title>Collaborative Learning Research Papers - Academia.edu</title>  <link href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-production.ico" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-194x194.png" sizes="194x194"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-96x96.png" sizes="96x96"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/android-chrome-192x192.png" sizes="192x192"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16"> <link rel="manifest" href="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/manifest.json"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#2b5797"> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="//a.academia-assets.com/images/favicons/mstile-144x144.png"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <script> window.performance && window.performance.measure && window.performance.measure("Time To First Byte", "requestStart", "responseStart"); </script> <script> (function() { if (!window.URLSearchParams || !window.history || !window.history.replaceState) { return; } var searchParams = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search); var paramsToDelete = [ 'fs', 'sm', 'swp', 'iid', 'nbs', 'rcc', // related content category 'rcpos', // related content carousel position 'rcpg', // related carousel page 'rchid', // related content hit id 'f_ri', // research interest id, for SEO tracking 'f_fri', // featured research interest, for SEO tracking (param key without value) 'f_rid', // from research interest directory for SEO tracking 'f_loswp', // from research interest pills on LOSWP sidebar for SEO tracking 'rhid', // referrring hit id ]; if (paramsToDelete.every((key) => searchParams.get(key) === null)) { return; } paramsToDelete.forEach((key) => { searchParams.delete(key); }); var cleanUrl = new URL(window.location.href); cleanUrl.search = searchParams.toString(); history.replaceState({}, document.title, cleanUrl); })(); </script> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "by_tag", 'action': "show_one", 'controller_action': 'by_tag#show_one', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script type="text/javascript"> window.sendUserTiming = function(timingName) { if (!(window.performance && window.performance.measure)) return; var entries = window.performance.getEntriesByName(timingName, "measure"); if (entries.length !== 1) return; var timingValue = Math.round(entries[0].duration); gtag('event', 'timing_complete', { name: timingName, value: timingValue, event_category: 'User-centric', }); }; window.sendUserTiming("Time To First Byte"); </script> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="hqM2Kw02kHTKPqYhg1jzlrT5K6O_FI5XsfEZEbhGxsFkd9BO1h4j_qZjMnSsLDmmcPAQrU83loQ7Wd2JksN__A" /> <link href="/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?after=50%2C31616786&show_topics_redesign=false" rel="next" /><style type="text/css">@media(max-width: 567px){:root{--token-mode: Parity;--dropshadow: 0 2px 4px 0 #22223340;--primary-brand: #0645b1;--error-dark: #b60000;--success-dark: #05b01c;--inactive-fill: #ebebee;--hover: #0c3b8d;--pressed: #082f75;--button-primary-fill-inactive: #ebebee;--button-primary-fill: #0645b1;--button-primary-text: #ffffff;--button-primary-fill-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-primary-fill-press: #082f75;--button-primary-icon: #ffffff;--button-primary-fill-inverse: #ffffff;--button-primary-text-inverse: #082f75;--button-primary-icon-inverse: #0645b1;--button-primary-fill-inverse-hover: #cddaef;--button-primary-stroke-inverse-pressed: #0645b1;--button-secondary-stroke-inactive: #b1b1ba;--button-secondary-fill: #eef2f9;--button-secondary-text: #082f75;--button-secondary-fill-press: #cddaef;--button-secondary-fill-inactive: #ebebee;--button-secondary-stroke: #cddaef;--button-secondary-stroke-hover: #386ac1;--button-secondary-stroke-press: #0645b1;--button-secondary-text-inactive: #b1b1ba;--button-secondary-icon: #082f75;--button-secondary-fill-hover: #e6ecf7;--button-secondary-stroke-inverse: #ffffff;--button-secondary-fill-inverse: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);--button-secondary-icon-inverse: #ffffff;--button-secondary-icon-hover: #082f75;--button-secondary-icon-press: #082f75;--button-secondary-text-inverse: #ffffff;--button-secondary-text-hover: #082f75;--button-secondary-text-press: #082f75;--button-secondary-fill-inverse-hover: #043059;--button-xs-stroke: #141413;--button-xs-stroke-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-xs-stroke-press: #082f75;--button-xs-stroke-inactive: #ebebee;--button-xs-text: #141413;--button-xs-text-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-xs-text-press: #082f75;--button-xs-text-inactive: #91919e;--button-xs-icon: #141413;--button-xs-icon-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-xs-icon-press: #082f75;--button-xs-icon-inactive: #91919e;--button-xs-fill: #ffffff;--button-xs-fill-hover: #f4f7fc;--button-xs-fill-press: #eef2f9;--buttons-button-text-inactive: #91919e;--buttons-button-focus: #0645b1;--buttons-button-icon-inactive: #91919e;--buttons-small-buttons-corner-radius: 8px;--buttons-small-buttons-l-r-padding: 12px;--buttons-small-buttons-height: 44px;--buttons-small-buttons-gap: 8px;--buttons-small-buttons-icon-only-width: 44px;--buttons-small-buttons-icon-size: 20px;--buttons-small-buttons-stroke-default: 1px;--buttons-small-buttons-stroke-thick: 2px;--buttons-large-buttons-l-r-padding: 20px;--buttons-large-buttons-height: 54px;--buttons-large-buttons-icon-only-width: 54px;--buttons-large-buttons-icon-size: 20px;--buttons-large-buttons-gap: 8px;--buttons-large-buttons-corner-radius: 8px;--buttons-large-buttons-stroke-default: 1px;--buttons-large-buttons-stroke-thick: 2px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-l-r-padding: 8px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-height: 32px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-icon-size: 16px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-gap: 4px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-corner-radius: 8px;--buttons-stroke-default: 1px;--buttons-stroke-thick: 2px;--background-beige: #f9f7f4;--error-light: #fff2f2;--text-placeholder: #6d6d7d;--stroke-dark: #141413;--stroke-light: #dddde2;--stroke-medium: #535366;--accent-green: #ccffd4;--accent-turquoise: #ccf7ff;--accent-yellow: #f7ffcc;--accent-peach: #ffd4cc;--accent-violet: #f7ccff;--accent-purple: #f4f7fc;--text-primary: #141413;--secondary-brand: #141413;--text-hover: #0c3b8d;--text-white: #ffffff;--text-link: #0645b1;--text-press: #082f75;--success-light: #f0f8f1;--background-light-blue: #eef2f9;--background-white: #ffffff;--premium-dark: #877440;--premium-light: #f9f6ed;--stroke-white: #ffffff;--inactive-content: #b1b1ba;--annotate-light: #a35dff;--annotate-dark: #824acc;--grid: #eef2f9;--inactive-stroke: #ebebee;--shadow: rgba(34, 34, 51, 0.25);--text-inactive: #6d6d7d;--text-error: #b60000;--stroke-error: #b60000;--background-error: #fff2f2;--background-black: #141413;--icon-default: #141413;--icon-blue: #0645b1;--background-grey: #dddde2;--icon-grey: #b1b1ba;--text-focus: #082f75;--brand-colors-neutral-black: #141413;--brand-colors-neutral-900: #535366;--brand-colors-neutral-800: #6d6d7d;--brand-colors-neutral-700: #91919e;--brand-colors-neutral-600: #b1b1ba;--brand-colors-neutral-500: #c8c8cf;--brand-colors-neutral-400: #dddde2;--brand-colors-neutral-300: #ebebee;--brand-colors-neutral-200: #f8f8fb;--brand-colors-neutral-100: #fafafa;--brand-colors-neutral-white: #ffffff;--brand-colors-blue-900: #043059;--brand-colors-blue-800: #082f75;--brand-colors-blue-700: #0c3b8d;--brand-colors-blue-600: #0645b1;--brand-colors-blue-500: #386ac1;--brand-colors-blue-400: #cddaef;--brand-colors-blue-300: #e6ecf7;--brand-colors-blue-200: #eef2f9;--brand-colors-blue-100: #f4f7fc;--brand-colors-gold-500: #877440;--brand-colors-gold-400: #e9e3d4;--brand-colors-gold-300: #f2efe8;--brand-colors-gold-200: #f9f6ed;--brand-colors-gold-100: #f9f7f4;--brand-colors-error-900: #920000;--brand-colors-error-500: #b60000;--brand-colors-success-900: #035c0f;--brand-colors-green: #ccffd4;--brand-colors-turquoise: #ccf7ff;--brand-colors-yellow: #f7ffcc;--brand-colors-peach: #ffd4cc;--brand-colors-violet: #f7ccff;--brand-colors-error-100: #fff2f2;--brand-colors-success-500: #05b01c;--brand-colors-success-100: #f0f8f1;--text-secondary: #535366;--icon-white: #ffffff;--background-beige-darker: #f2efe8;--icon-dark-grey: #535366;--type-font-family-sans-serif: Roboto;--type-font-family-serif: Georgia;--type-font-family-mono: IBM Plex Mono;--type-weights-300: 300;--type-weights-400: 400;--type-weights-500: 500;--type-weights-700: 700;--type-sizes-12: 12px;--type-sizes-14: 14px;--type-sizes-16: 16px;--type-sizes-18: 18px;--type-sizes-20: 20px;--type-sizes-22: 22px;--type-sizes-24: 24px;--type-sizes-28: 28px;--type-sizes-30: 30px;--type-sizes-32: 32px;--type-sizes-40: 40px;--type-sizes-42: 42px;--type-sizes-48-2: 48px;--type-line-heights-16: 16px;--type-line-heights-20: 20px;--type-line-heights-23: 23px;--type-line-heights-24: 24px;--type-line-heights-25: 25px;--type-line-heights-26: 26px;--type-line-heights-29: 29px;--type-line-heights-30: 30px;--type-line-heights-32: 32px;--type-line-heights-34: 34px;--type-line-heights-35: 35px;--type-line-heights-36: 36px;--type-line-heights-38: 38px;--type-line-heights-40: 40px;--type-line-heights-46: 46px;--type-line-heights-48: 48px;--type-line-heights-52: 52px;--type-line-heights-58: 58px;--type-line-heights-68: 68px;--type-line-heights-74: 74px;--type-line-heights-82: 82px;--type-paragraph-spacings-0: 0px;--type-paragraph-spacings-4: 4px;--type-paragraph-spacings-8: 8px;--type-paragraph-spacings-16: 16px;--type-sans-serif-xl-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-xl-size: 32px;--type-sans-serif-xl-line-height: 46px;--type-sans-serif-xl-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-lg-size: 30px;--type-sans-serif-lg-line-height: 36px;--type-sans-serif-lg-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-md-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-md-line-height: 30px;--type-sans-serif-md-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-md-size: 24px;--type-sans-serif-xs-font-weight: 700;--type-sans-serif-xs-line-height: 24px;--type-sans-serif-xs-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-sans-serif-xs-size: 18px;--type-sans-serif-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-sm-line-height: 32px;--type-sans-serif-sm-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-sm-size: 20px;--type-body-xl-font-weight: 400;--type-body-xl-size: 24px;--type-body-xl-line-height: 36px;--type-body-xl-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-body-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-body-sm-size: 14px;--type-body-sm-line-height: 20px;--type-body-sm-paragraph-spacing: 8px;--type-body-xs-font-weight: 400;--type-body-xs-size: 12px;--type-body-xs-line-height: 16px;--type-body-xs-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-body-md-font-weight: 400;--type-body-md-size: 16px;--type-body-md-line-height: 20px;--type-body-md-paragraph-spacing: 4px;--type-body-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-body-lg-size: 20px;--type-body-lg-line-height: 26px;--type-body-lg-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-body-lg-medium-font-weight: 500;--type-body-lg-medium-size: 20px;--type-body-lg-medium-line-height: 32px;--type-body-lg-medium-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-body-md-medium-font-weight: 500;--type-body-md-medium-size: 16px;--type-body-md-medium-line-height: 20px;--type-body-md-medium-paragraph-spacing: 4px;--type-body-sm-bold-font-weight: 700;--type-body-sm-bold-size: 14px;--type-body-sm-bold-line-height: 20px;--type-body-sm-bold-paragraph-spacing: 8px;--type-body-sm-medium-font-weight: 500;--type-body-sm-medium-size: 14px;--type-body-sm-medium-line-height: 20px;--type-body-sm-medium-paragraph-spacing: 8px;--type-serif-md-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-md-size: 32px;--type-serif-md-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-md-line-height: 40px;--type-serif-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-sm-size: 24px;--type-serif-sm-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-sm-line-height: 26px;--type-serif-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-lg-size: 48px;--type-serif-lg-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-lg-line-height: 52px;--type-serif-xs-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-xs-size: 18px;--type-serif-xs-line-height: 24px;--type-serif-xs-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-xl-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-xl-size: 48px;--type-serif-xl-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-xl-line-height: 58px;--type-mono-md-font-weight: 400;--type-mono-md-size: 22px;--type-mono-md-line-height: 24px;--type-mono-md-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-mono-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-mono-lg-size: 40px;--type-mono-lg-line-height: 40px;--type-mono-lg-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-mono-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-mono-sm-size: 14px;--type-mono-sm-line-height: 24px;--type-mono-sm-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--spacing-xs-4: 4px;--spacing-xs-8: 8px;--spacing-xs-16: 16px;--spacing-sm-24: 24px;--spacing-sm-32: 32px;--spacing-md-40: 40px;--spacing-md-48: 48px;--spacing-lg-64: 64px;--spacing-lg-80: 80px;--spacing-xlg-104: 104px;--spacing-xlg-152: 152px;--spacing-xs-12: 12px;--spacing-page-section: 80px;--spacing-card-list-spacing: 48px;--spacing-text-section-spacing: 64px;--spacing-md-xs-headings: 40px;--corner-radius-radius-lg: 16px;--corner-radius-radius-sm: 4px;--corner-radius-radius-md: 8px;--corner-radius-radius-round: 104px}}@media(min-width: 568px)and (max-width: 1279px){:root{--token-mode: Parity;--dropshadow: 0 2px 4px 0 #22223340;--primary-brand: #0645b1;--error-dark: #b60000;--success-dark: #05b01c;--inactive-fill: #ebebee;--hover: #0c3b8d;--pressed: #082f75;--button-primary-fill-inactive: #ebebee;--button-primary-fill: #0645b1;--button-primary-text: #ffffff;--button-primary-fill-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-primary-fill-press: #082f75;--button-primary-icon: #ffffff;--button-primary-fill-inverse: #ffffff;--button-primary-text-inverse: #082f75;--button-primary-icon-inverse: #0645b1;--button-primary-fill-inverse-hover: #cddaef;--button-primary-stroke-inverse-pressed: #0645b1;--button-secondary-stroke-inactive: #b1b1ba;--button-secondary-fill: #eef2f9;--button-secondary-text: #082f75;--button-secondary-fill-press: #cddaef;--button-secondary-fill-inactive: #ebebee;--button-secondary-stroke: #cddaef;--button-secondary-stroke-hover: #386ac1;--button-secondary-stroke-press: #0645b1;--button-secondary-text-inactive: #b1b1ba;--button-secondary-icon: #082f75;--button-secondary-fill-hover: #e6ecf7;--button-secondary-stroke-inverse: #ffffff;--button-secondary-fill-inverse: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);--button-secondary-icon-inverse: #ffffff;--button-secondary-icon-hover: #082f75;--button-secondary-icon-press: #082f75;--button-secondary-text-inverse: #ffffff;--button-secondary-text-hover: #082f75;--button-secondary-text-press: #082f75;--button-secondary-fill-inverse-hover: #043059;--button-xs-stroke: #141413;--button-xs-stroke-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-xs-stroke-press: #082f75;--button-xs-stroke-inactive: #ebebee;--button-xs-text: #141413;--button-xs-text-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-xs-text-press: #082f75;--button-xs-text-inactive: #91919e;--button-xs-icon: #141413;--button-xs-icon-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-xs-icon-press: #082f75;--button-xs-icon-inactive: #91919e;--button-xs-fill: #ffffff;--button-xs-fill-hover: #f4f7fc;--button-xs-fill-press: #eef2f9;--buttons-button-text-inactive: #91919e;--buttons-button-focus: #0645b1;--buttons-button-icon-inactive: #91919e;--buttons-small-buttons-corner-radius: 8px;--buttons-small-buttons-l-r-padding: 12px;--buttons-small-buttons-height: 44px;--buttons-small-buttons-gap: 8px;--buttons-small-buttons-icon-only-width: 44px;--buttons-small-buttons-icon-size: 20px;--buttons-small-buttons-stroke-default: 1px;--buttons-small-buttons-stroke-thick: 2px;--buttons-large-buttons-l-r-padding: 20px;--buttons-large-buttons-height: 54px;--buttons-large-buttons-icon-only-width: 54px;--buttons-large-buttons-icon-size: 20px;--buttons-large-buttons-gap: 8px;--buttons-large-buttons-corner-radius: 8px;--buttons-large-buttons-stroke-default: 1px;--buttons-large-buttons-stroke-thick: 2px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-l-r-padding: 8px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-height: 32px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-icon-size: 16px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-gap: 4px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-corner-radius: 8px;--buttons-stroke-default: 1px;--buttons-stroke-thick: 2px;--background-beige: #f9f7f4;--error-light: #fff2f2;--text-placeholder: #6d6d7d;--stroke-dark: #141413;--stroke-light: #dddde2;--stroke-medium: #535366;--accent-green: #ccffd4;--accent-turquoise: #ccf7ff;--accent-yellow: #f7ffcc;--accent-peach: #ffd4cc;--accent-violet: #f7ccff;--accent-purple: #f4f7fc;--text-primary: #141413;--secondary-brand: #141413;--text-hover: #0c3b8d;--text-white: #ffffff;--text-link: #0645b1;--text-press: #082f75;--success-light: #f0f8f1;--background-light-blue: #eef2f9;--background-white: #ffffff;--premium-dark: #877440;--premium-light: #f9f6ed;--stroke-white: #ffffff;--inactive-content: #b1b1ba;--annotate-light: #a35dff;--annotate-dark: #824acc;--grid: #eef2f9;--inactive-stroke: #ebebee;--shadow: rgba(34, 34, 51, 0.25);--text-inactive: #6d6d7d;--text-error: #b60000;--stroke-error: #b60000;--background-error: #fff2f2;--background-black: #141413;--icon-default: #141413;--icon-blue: #0645b1;--background-grey: #dddde2;--icon-grey: #b1b1ba;--text-focus: #082f75;--brand-colors-neutral-black: #141413;--brand-colors-neutral-900: #535366;--brand-colors-neutral-800: #6d6d7d;--brand-colors-neutral-700: #91919e;--brand-colors-neutral-600: #b1b1ba;--brand-colors-neutral-500: #c8c8cf;--brand-colors-neutral-400: #dddde2;--brand-colors-neutral-300: #ebebee;--brand-colors-neutral-200: #f8f8fb;--brand-colors-neutral-100: #fafafa;--brand-colors-neutral-white: #ffffff;--brand-colors-blue-900: #043059;--brand-colors-blue-800: #082f75;--brand-colors-blue-700: #0c3b8d;--brand-colors-blue-600: #0645b1;--brand-colors-blue-500: #386ac1;--brand-colors-blue-400: #cddaef;--brand-colors-blue-300: #e6ecf7;--brand-colors-blue-200: #eef2f9;--brand-colors-blue-100: #f4f7fc;--brand-colors-gold-500: #877440;--brand-colors-gold-400: #e9e3d4;--brand-colors-gold-300: #f2efe8;--brand-colors-gold-200: #f9f6ed;--brand-colors-gold-100: #f9f7f4;--brand-colors-error-900: #920000;--brand-colors-error-500: #b60000;--brand-colors-success-900: #035c0f;--brand-colors-green: #ccffd4;--brand-colors-turquoise: #ccf7ff;--brand-colors-yellow: #f7ffcc;--brand-colors-peach: #ffd4cc;--brand-colors-violet: #f7ccff;--brand-colors-error-100: #fff2f2;--brand-colors-success-500: #05b01c;--brand-colors-success-100: #f0f8f1;--text-secondary: #535366;--icon-white: #ffffff;--background-beige-darker: #f2efe8;--icon-dark-grey: #535366;--type-font-family-sans-serif: Roboto;--type-font-family-serif: Georgia;--type-font-family-mono: IBM Plex Mono;--type-weights-300: 300;--type-weights-400: 400;--type-weights-500: 500;--type-weights-700: 700;--type-sizes-12: 12px;--type-sizes-14: 14px;--type-sizes-16: 16px;--type-sizes-18: 18px;--type-sizes-20: 20px;--type-sizes-22: 22px;--type-sizes-24: 24px;--type-sizes-28: 28px;--type-sizes-30: 30px;--type-sizes-32: 32px;--type-sizes-40: 40px;--type-sizes-42: 42px;--type-sizes-48-2: 48px;--type-line-heights-16: 16px;--type-line-heights-20: 20px;--type-line-heights-23: 23px;--type-line-heights-24: 24px;--type-line-heights-25: 25px;--type-line-heights-26: 26px;--type-line-heights-29: 29px;--type-line-heights-30: 30px;--type-line-heights-32: 32px;--type-line-heights-34: 34px;--type-line-heights-35: 35px;--type-line-heights-36: 36px;--type-line-heights-38: 38px;--type-line-heights-40: 40px;--type-line-heights-46: 46px;--type-line-heights-48: 48px;--type-line-heights-52: 52px;--type-line-heights-58: 58px;--type-line-heights-68: 68px;--type-line-heights-74: 74px;--type-line-heights-82: 82px;--type-paragraph-spacings-0: 0px;--type-paragraph-spacings-4: 4px;--type-paragraph-spacings-8: 8px;--type-paragraph-spacings-16: 16px;--type-sans-serif-xl-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-xl-size: 42px;--type-sans-serif-xl-line-height: 46px;--type-sans-serif-xl-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-lg-size: 32px;--type-sans-serif-lg-line-height: 36px;--type-sans-serif-lg-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-md-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-md-line-height: 34px;--type-sans-serif-md-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-md-size: 28px;--type-sans-serif-xs-font-weight: 700;--type-sans-serif-xs-line-height: 25px;--type-sans-serif-xs-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-sans-serif-xs-size: 20px;--type-sans-serif-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-sm-line-height: 30px;--type-sans-serif-sm-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-sm-size: 24px;--type-body-xl-font-weight: 400;--type-body-xl-size: 24px;--type-body-xl-line-height: 36px;--type-body-xl-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-body-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-body-sm-size: 14px;--type-body-sm-line-height: 20px;--type-body-sm-paragraph-spacing: 8px;--type-body-xs-font-weight: 400;--type-body-xs-size: 12px;--type-body-xs-line-height: 16px;--type-body-xs-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-body-md-font-weight: 400;--type-body-md-size: 16px;--type-body-md-line-height: 20px;--type-body-md-paragraph-spacing: 4px;--type-body-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-body-lg-size: 20px;--type-body-lg-line-height: 26px;--type-body-lg-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-body-lg-medium-font-weight: 500;--type-body-lg-medium-size: 20px;--type-body-lg-medium-line-height: 32px;--type-body-lg-medium-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-body-md-medium-font-weight: 500;--type-body-md-medium-size: 16px;--type-body-md-medium-line-height: 20px;--type-body-md-medium-paragraph-spacing: 4px;--type-body-sm-bold-font-weight: 700;--type-body-sm-bold-size: 14px;--type-body-sm-bold-line-height: 20px;--type-body-sm-bold-paragraph-spacing: 8px;--type-body-sm-medium-font-weight: 500;--type-body-sm-medium-size: 14px;--type-body-sm-medium-line-height: 20px;--type-body-sm-medium-paragraph-spacing: 8px;--type-serif-md-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-md-size: 40px;--type-serif-md-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-md-line-height: 48px;--type-serif-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-sm-size: 28px;--type-serif-sm-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-sm-line-height: 32px;--type-serif-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-lg-size: 58px;--type-serif-lg-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-lg-line-height: 68px;--type-serif-xs-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-xs-size: 18px;--type-serif-xs-line-height: 24px;--type-serif-xs-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-xl-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-xl-size: 74px;--type-serif-xl-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-xl-line-height: 82px;--type-mono-md-font-weight: 400;--type-mono-md-size: 22px;--type-mono-md-line-height: 24px;--type-mono-md-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-mono-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-mono-lg-size: 40px;--type-mono-lg-line-height: 40px;--type-mono-lg-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-mono-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-mono-sm-size: 14px;--type-mono-sm-line-height: 24px;--type-mono-sm-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--spacing-xs-4: 4px;--spacing-xs-8: 8px;--spacing-xs-16: 16px;--spacing-sm-24: 24px;--spacing-sm-32: 32px;--spacing-md-40: 40px;--spacing-md-48: 48px;--spacing-lg-64: 64px;--spacing-lg-80: 80px;--spacing-xlg-104: 104px;--spacing-xlg-152: 152px;--spacing-xs-12: 12px;--spacing-page-section: 104px;--spacing-card-list-spacing: 48px;--spacing-text-section-spacing: 80px;--spacing-md-xs-headings: 40px;--corner-radius-radius-lg: 16px;--corner-radius-radius-sm: 4px;--corner-radius-radius-md: 8px;--corner-radius-radius-round: 104px}}@media(min-width: 1280px){:root{--token-mode: Parity;--dropshadow: 0 2px 4px 0 #22223340;--primary-brand: #0645b1;--error-dark: #b60000;--success-dark: #05b01c;--inactive-fill: #ebebee;--hover: #0c3b8d;--pressed: #082f75;--button-primary-fill-inactive: #ebebee;--button-primary-fill: #0645b1;--button-primary-text: #ffffff;--button-primary-fill-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-primary-fill-press: #082f75;--button-primary-icon: #ffffff;--button-primary-fill-inverse: #ffffff;--button-primary-text-inverse: #082f75;--button-primary-icon-inverse: #0645b1;--button-primary-fill-inverse-hover: #cddaef;--button-primary-stroke-inverse-pressed: #0645b1;--button-secondary-stroke-inactive: #b1b1ba;--button-secondary-fill: #eef2f9;--button-secondary-text: #082f75;--button-secondary-fill-press: #cddaef;--button-secondary-fill-inactive: #ebebee;--button-secondary-stroke: #cddaef;--button-secondary-stroke-hover: #386ac1;--button-secondary-stroke-press: #0645b1;--button-secondary-text-inactive: #b1b1ba;--button-secondary-icon: #082f75;--button-secondary-fill-hover: #e6ecf7;--button-secondary-stroke-inverse: #ffffff;--button-secondary-fill-inverse: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);--button-secondary-icon-inverse: #ffffff;--button-secondary-icon-hover: #082f75;--button-secondary-icon-press: #082f75;--button-secondary-text-inverse: #ffffff;--button-secondary-text-hover: #082f75;--button-secondary-text-press: #082f75;--button-secondary-fill-inverse-hover: #043059;--button-xs-stroke: #141413;--button-xs-stroke-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-xs-stroke-press: #082f75;--button-xs-stroke-inactive: #ebebee;--button-xs-text: #141413;--button-xs-text-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-xs-text-press: #082f75;--button-xs-text-inactive: #91919e;--button-xs-icon: #141413;--button-xs-icon-hover: #0c3b8d;--button-xs-icon-press: #082f75;--button-xs-icon-inactive: #91919e;--button-xs-fill: #ffffff;--button-xs-fill-hover: #f4f7fc;--button-xs-fill-press: #eef2f9;--buttons-button-text-inactive: #91919e;--buttons-button-focus: #0645b1;--buttons-button-icon-inactive: #91919e;--buttons-small-buttons-corner-radius: 8px;--buttons-small-buttons-l-r-padding: 12px;--buttons-small-buttons-height: 44px;--buttons-small-buttons-gap: 8px;--buttons-small-buttons-icon-only-width: 44px;--buttons-small-buttons-icon-size: 20px;--buttons-small-buttons-stroke-default: 1px;--buttons-small-buttons-stroke-thick: 2px;--buttons-large-buttons-l-r-padding: 20px;--buttons-large-buttons-height: 54px;--buttons-large-buttons-icon-only-width: 54px;--buttons-large-buttons-icon-size: 20px;--buttons-large-buttons-gap: 8px;--buttons-large-buttons-corner-radius: 8px;--buttons-large-buttons-stroke-default: 1px;--buttons-large-buttons-stroke-thick: 2px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-l-r-padding: 8px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-height: 32px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-icon-size: 16px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-gap: 4px;--buttons-extra-small-buttons-corner-radius: 8px;--buttons-stroke-default: 1px;--buttons-stroke-thick: 2px;--background-beige: #f9f7f4;--error-light: #fff2f2;--text-placeholder: #6d6d7d;--stroke-dark: #141413;--stroke-light: #dddde2;--stroke-medium: #535366;--accent-green: #ccffd4;--accent-turquoise: #ccf7ff;--accent-yellow: #f7ffcc;--accent-peach: #ffd4cc;--accent-violet: #f7ccff;--accent-purple: #f4f7fc;--text-primary: #141413;--secondary-brand: #141413;--text-hover: #0c3b8d;--text-white: #ffffff;--text-link: #0645b1;--text-press: #082f75;--success-light: #f0f8f1;--background-light-blue: #eef2f9;--background-white: #ffffff;--premium-dark: #877440;--premium-light: #f9f6ed;--stroke-white: #ffffff;--inactive-content: #b1b1ba;--annotate-light: #a35dff;--annotate-dark: #824acc;--grid: #eef2f9;--inactive-stroke: #ebebee;--shadow: rgba(34, 34, 51, 0.25);--text-inactive: #6d6d7d;--text-error: #b60000;--stroke-error: #b60000;--background-error: #fff2f2;--background-black: #141413;--icon-default: #141413;--icon-blue: #0645b1;--background-grey: #dddde2;--icon-grey: #b1b1ba;--text-focus: #082f75;--brand-colors-neutral-black: #141413;--brand-colors-neutral-900: #535366;--brand-colors-neutral-800: #6d6d7d;--brand-colors-neutral-700: #91919e;--brand-colors-neutral-600: #b1b1ba;--brand-colors-neutral-500: #c8c8cf;--brand-colors-neutral-400: #dddde2;--brand-colors-neutral-300: #ebebee;--brand-colors-neutral-200: #f8f8fb;--brand-colors-neutral-100: #fafafa;--brand-colors-neutral-white: #ffffff;--brand-colors-blue-900: #043059;--brand-colors-blue-800: #082f75;--brand-colors-blue-700: #0c3b8d;--brand-colors-blue-600: #0645b1;--brand-colors-blue-500: #386ac1;--brand-colors-blue-400: #cddaef;--brand-colors-blue-300: #e6ecf7;--brand-colors-blue-200: #eef2f9;--brand-colors-blue-100: #f4f7fc;--brand-colors-gold-500: #877440;--brand-colors-gold-400: #e9e3d4;--brand-colors-gold-300: #f2efe8;--brand-colors-gold-200: #f9f6ed;--brand-colors-gold-100: #f9f7f4;--brand-colors-error-900: #920000;--brand-colors-error-500: #b60000;--brand-colors-success-900: #035c0f;--brand-colors-green: #ccffd4;--brand-colors-turquoise: #ccf7ff;--brand-colors-yellow: #f7ffcc;--brand-colors-peach: #ffd4cc;--brand-colors-violet: #f7ccff;--brand-colors-error-100: #fff2f2;--brand-colors-success-500: #05b01c;--brand-colors-success-100: #f0f8f1;--text-secondary: #535366;--icon-white: #ffffff;--background-beige-darker: #f2efe8;--icon-dark-grey: #535366;--type-font-family-sans-serif: Roboto;--type-font-family-serif: Georgia;--type-font-family-mono: IBM Plex Mono;--type-weights-300: 300;--type-weights-400: 400;--type-weights-500: 500;--type-weights-700: 700;--type-sizes-12: 12px;--type-sizes-14: 14px;--type-sizes-16: 16px;--type-sizes-18: 18px;--type-sizes-20: 20px;--type-sizes-22: 22px;--type-sizes-24: 24px;--type-sizes-28: 28px;--type-sizes-30: 30px;--type-sizes-32: 32px;--type-sizes-40: 40px;--type-sizes-42: 42px;--type-sizes-48-2: 48px;--type-line-heights-16: 16px;--type-line-heights-20: 20px;--type-line-heights-23: 23px;--type-line-heights-24: 24px;--type-line-heights-25: 25px;--type-line-heights-26: 26px;--type-line-heights-29: 29px;--type-line-heights-30: 30px;--type-line-heights-32: 32px;--type-line-heights-34: 34px;--type-line-heights-35: 35px;--type-line-heights-36: 36px;--type-line-heights-38: 38px;--type-line-heights-40: 40px;--type-line-heights-46: 46px;--type-line-heights-48: 48px;--type-line-heights-52: 52px;--type-line-heights-58: 58px;--type-line-heights-68: 68px;--type-line-heights-74: 74px;--type-line-heights-82: 82px;--type-paragraph-spacings-0: 0px;--type-paragraph-spacings-4: 4px;--type-paragraph-spacings-8: 8px;--type-paragraph-spacings-16: 16px;--type-sans-serif-xl-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-xl-size: 42px;--type-sans-serif-xl-line-height: 46px;--type-sans-serif-xl-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-lg-size: 32px;--type-sans-serif-lg-line-height: 38px;--type-sans-serif-lg-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-md-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-md-line-height: 34px;--type-sans-serif-md-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-md-size: 28px;--type-sans-serif-xs-font-weight: 700;--type-sans-serif-xs-line-height: 25px;--type-sans-serif-xs-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-sans-serif-xs-size: 20px;--type-sans-serif-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-sans-serif-sm-line-height: 30px;--type-sans-serif-sm-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-sans-serif-sm-size: 24px;--type-body-xl-font-weight: 400;--type-body-xl-size: 24px;--type-body-xl-line-height: 36px;--type-body-xl-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-body-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-body-sm-size: 14px;--type-body-sm-line-height: 20px;--type-body-sm-paragraph-spacing: 8px;--type-body-xs-font-weight: 400;--type-body-xs-size: 12px;--type-body-xs-line-height: 16px;--type-body-xs-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-body-md-font-weight: 400;--type-body-md-size: 16px;--type-body-md-line-height: 20px;--type-body-md-paragraph-spacing: 4px;--type-body-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-body-lg-size: 20px;--type-body-lg-line-height: 26px;--type-body-lg-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-body-lg-medium-font-weight: 500;--type-body-lg-medium-size: 20px;--type-body-lg-medium-line-height: 32px;--type-body-lg-medium-paragraph-spacing: 16px;--type-body-md-medium-font-weight: 500;--type-body-md-medium-size: 16px;--type-body-md-medium-line-height: 20px;--type-body-md-medium-paragraph-spacing: 4px;--type-body-sm-bold-font-weight: 700;--type-body-sm-bold-size: 14px;--type-body-sm-bold-line-height: 20px;--type-body-sm-bold-paragraph-spacing: 8px;--type-body-sm-medium-font-weight: 500;--type-body-sm-medium-size: 14px;--type-body-sm-medium-line-height: 20px;--type-body-sm-medium-paragraph-spacing: 8px;--type-serif-md-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-md-size: 40px;--type-serif-md-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-md-line-height: 48px;--type-serif-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-sm-size: 28px;--type-serif-sm-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-sm-line-height: 32px;--type-serif-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-lg-size: 58px;--type-serif-lg-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-lg-line-height: 68px;--type-serif-xs-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-xs-size: 18px;--type-serif-xs-line-height: 24px;--type-serif-xs-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-xl-font-weight: 400;--type-serif-xl-size: 74px;--type-serif-xl-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-serif-xl-line-height: 82px;--type-mono-md-font-weight: 400;--type-mono-md-size: 22px;--type-mono-md-line-height: 24px;--type-mono-md-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-mono-lg-font-weight: 400;--type-mono-lg-size: 40px;--type-mono-lg-line-height: 40px;--type-mono-lg-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--type-mono-sm-font-weight: 400;--type-mono-sm-size: 14px;--type-mono-sm-line-height: 24px;--type-mono-sm-paragraph-spacing: 0px;--spacing-xs-4: 4px;--spacing-xs-8: 8px;--spacing-xs-16: 16px;--spacing-sm-24: 24px;--spacing-sm-32: 32px;--spacing-md-40: 40px;--spacing-md-48: 48px;--spacing-lg-64: 64px;--spacing-lg-80: 80px;--spacing-xlg-104: 104px;--spacing-xlg-152: 152px;--spacing-xs-12: 12px;--spacing-page-section: 152px;--spacing-card-list-spacing: 48px;--spacing-text-section-spacing: 80px;--spacing-md-xs-headings: 40px;--corner-radius-radius-lg: 16px;--corner-radius-radius-sm: 4px;--corner-radius-radius-md: 8px;--corner-radius-radius-round: 104px}}</style><link crossorigin="" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/" rel="preconnect" /><link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=DM+Sans:ital,opsz,wght@0,9..40,100..1000;1,9..40,100..1000&family=Gupter:wght@400;500;700&family=IBM+Plex+Mono:wght@300;400&family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@20,400,0,0&display=swap" rel="stylesheet" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/common-57f9da13cef3fd4e2a8b655342c6488eded3e557e823fe67571f2ac77acd7b6f.css" /> <meta name="description" content="View Collaborative Learning Research Papers on Academia.edu for free." /> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs" /> <script> var $controller_name = 'by_tag'; var $action_name = "show_one"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '1571b76d0c6eb5c7c9f5745c46dfc55a7e75e217'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.Aedu = { hit_data: null }; window.Aedu.SiteStats = {"premium_universities_count":13977,"monthly_visitors":"123 million","monthly_visitor_count":123655187,"monthly_visitor_count_in_millions":123,"user_count":284589639,"paper_count":55203019,"paper_count_in_millions":55,"page_count":432000000,"page_count_in_millions":432,"pdf_count":16500000,"pdf_count_in_millions":16}; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1741563155000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1741563155000; window.Aedu.isUsingCssV1 = false; window.Aedu.enableLocalization = true; window.Aedu.activateFullstory = false; window.Aedu.serviceAvailability = { status: {"attention_db":"on","bibliography_db":"on","contacts_db":"on","email_db":"on","indexability_db":"on","mentions_db":"on","news_db":"on","notifications_db":"on","offsite_mentions_db":"on","redshift":"on","redshift_exports_db":"on","related_works_db":"on","ring_db":"on","user_tests_db":"on"}, serviceEnabled: function(service) { return this.status[service] === "on"; }, readEnabled: function(service) { return this.serviceEnabled(service) || this.status[service] === "read_only"; }, }; window.Aedu.viewApmTrace = function() { // Check if x-apm-trace-id meta tag is set, and open the trace in APM // in a new window if it is. var apmTraceId = document.head.querySelector('meta[name="x-apm-trace-id"]'); if (apmTraceId) { var traceId = apmTraceId.content; // Use trace ID to construct URL, an example URL looks like: // https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%31298410148923562634 var apmUrl = 'https://app.datadoghq.com/apm/traces?query=trace_id%3A' + traceId; window.open(apmUrl, '_blank'); } }; </script>  <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:100,100i,300,300i,400,400i,500,500i,700,700i,900,900i" rel="stylesheet"> <link rel="preload" href="//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.3.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" as="style" onload="this.rel='stylesheet'"> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/libraries-a9675dcb01ec4ef6aa807ba772c7a5a00c1820d3ff661c1038a20f80d06bb4e4.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/academia-1eb081e01ca8bc0c1b1d866df79d9eb4dd2c484e4beecf76e79a7806c72fee08.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system_legacy-056a9113b9a0f5343d013b29ee1929d5a18be35fdcdceb616600b4db8bd20054.css" /> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/runtime-bundle-005434038af4252ca37c527588411a3d6a0eabb5f727fac83f8bbe7fd88d93bb.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/webpack_libraries_and_infrequently_changed.wjs-bundle-e1f392aeb25419958b34a73e446252a8a8ce48f5b26a278cc56f31741396d1e6.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/core_webpack.wjs-bundle-3aa13e900c2c9ba0e0af9955e3cf8c3ec27e2c5e1e1e6d5c0c78a71558097199.js"></script> <script src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/webpack_bundles/sentry.wjs-bundle-5fe03fddca915c8ba0f7edbe64c194308e8ce5abaed7bffe1255ff37549c4808.js"></script> <script> jade = window.jade || {}; jade.helpers = window.$h; jade._ = window._; </script>  <script id="tag-manager-head-root">(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer_old','GTM-5G9JF7Z');</script>  <script> window.gptadslots = []; window.googletag = window.googletag || {}; window.googletag.cmd = window.googletag.cmd || []; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> // TODO(jacob): This should be defined, may be rare load order problem. // Checking if null is just a quick fix, will default to en if unset. // Better fix is to run this immedietely after I18n is set. if (window.I18n != null) { I18n.defaultLocale = "en"; I18n.locale = "en"; I18n.fallbacks = true; } </script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning" /> </head>   <body class='c-by_tag a-show_one logged_out u-bgColorWhite'>  <div id="fb-root"></div><script>window.fbAsyncInit = function() { FB.init({ appId: "2369844204", version: "v8.0", status: true, cookie: true, xfbml: true }); // Additional initialization code. if (window.InitFacebook) { // facebook.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitFacebook(); } else { // Set a flag for facebook.ts to find when it loads. window.academiaAuthReadyFacebook = true; } };</script><script>window.fbAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function if (window.FB) { return; } (function(d, s, id){ var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) {return;} js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk')); } if (!window.defer_facebook) { // Autoload if not deferred window.fbAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.fbAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="google-root"></div><script>window.loadGoogle = function() { if (window.InitGoogle) { // google.ts already loaded, set it up. window.InitGoogle("331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"); } else { // Set a flag for google.ts to use when it loads. window.GoogleClientID = "331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b"; } };</script><script>window.googleAsyncLoad = function() { // Protection against double calling of this function (function(d) { var js; var id = 'google-jssdk'; var ref = d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) { return; } js = d.createElement('script'); js.id = id; js.async = true; js.onload = loadGoogle; js.src = "https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client" ref.parentNode.insertBefore(js, ref); }(document)); } if (!window.defer_google) { // Autoload if not deferred window.googleAsyncLoad(); } else { // Defer loading by 5 seconds setTimeout(function() { window.googleAsyncLoad(); }, 5000); }</script> <div id="tag-manager-body-root">  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5G9JF7Z" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>   <script> window.addEventListener('load', function() { if (document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]')) { document.querySelector('input[name="commit"]').addEventListener('click', function() { gtag('event', 'click', { event_category: 'button', event_label: 'Log In' }) }) } }); </script> </div> <script>var _comscore = _comscore || []; _comscore.push({ c1: "2", c2: "26766707" }); (function() { var s = document.createElement("script"), el = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.async = true; s.src = (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://sb" : "http://b") + ".scorecardresearch.com/beacon.js"; el.parentNode.insertBefore(s, el); })();</script><img src="https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=26766707&cv=2.0&cj=1" style="position: absolute; visibility: hidden" /> <div id='react-modal'></div> <div class='DesignSystem'> <a class='u-showOnFocus' href='#site'> Skip to main content </a> </div> <div id="upgrade_ie_banner" style="display: none;"><p>Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer.</p><p>To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to <a href="https://www.academia.edu/upgrade-browser">upgrade your browser</a>.</p></div><script>// Show this banner for all versions of IE if (!!window.MSInputMethodContext || /(MSIE)/.test(navigator.userAgent)) { document.getElementById('upgrade_ie_banner').style.display = 'block'; }</script> <div class="DesignSystem bootstrap ShrinkableNav no-sm no-md"><div class="navbar navbar-default main-header"><div class="container-wrapper" id="main-header-container"><div class="container"><div class="navbar-header"><div class="nav-left-wrapper u-mt0x"><div class="nav-logo"><a data-main-header-link-target="logo_home" href="https://www.academia.edu/"><img class="visible-xs-inline-block" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015-A.svg" width="24" height="24" /><img width="145.2" height="18" class="hidden-xs" style="height: 24px;" alt="Academia.edu" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-redesign-2015.svg" /></a></div><div class="nav-search"><div class="SiteSearch-wrapper select2-no-default-pills"><form class="js-SiteSearch-form DesignSystem" action="https://www.academia.edu/search" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="get"><i class="SiteSearch-icon fa fa-search u-fw700 u-positionAbsolute u-tcGrayDark"></i><input class="js-SiteSearch-form-input SiteSearch-form-input form-control" data-main-header-click-target="search_input" name="q" placeholder="Search" type="text" value="" /></form></div></div></div><div class="nav-right-wrapper pull-right"><ul class="NavLinks js-main-nav list-unstyled"><li class="NavLinks-link"><a class="js-header-login-url Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" id="nav_log_in" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="NavLinks-link u-p0x"><a class="Button Button--inverseGray Button--sm u-mb4x" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li></ul><button class="hidden-lg hidden-md hidden-sm u-ml4x navbar-toggle collapsed" data-target=".js-mobile-header-links" data-toggle="collapse" type="button"><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span><span class="icon-bar"></span></button></div></div><div class="collapse navbar-collapse js-mobile-header-links"><ul class="nav navbar-nav"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/login">Log In</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Sign Up</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"><a href="#">more&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li><li><ul class="js-mobile-nav-expand-section nav navbar-nav u-m0x collapse"><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="false" href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><i class="fa fa-briefcase"></i> We're Hiring!</a></li><li class="u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1"><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/hc/en-us"><i class="fa fa-question-circle"></i> Help Center</a></li><li class="js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger u-borderColorGrayLight u-borderBottom1 dropup" style="display:none"><a href="#">less&nbsp<span class="caret"></span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><script>(function(){ var $moreLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-expand-trigger"); var $lessLink = $(".js-mobile-nav-collapse-trigger"); var $section = $('.js-mobile-nav-expand-section'); $moreLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.hide(); $lessLink.show(); $section.collapse('show'); }); $lessLink.click(function(ev){ ev.preventDefault(); $moreLink.show(); $lessLink.hide(); $section.collapse('hide'); }); })() if ($a.is_logged_in() || false) { new Aedu.NavigationController({ el: '.js-main-nav', showHighlightedNotification: false }); } else { $(".js-header-login-url").attr("href", $a.loginUrlWithRedirect()); } Aedu.autocompleteSearch = new AutocompleteSearch({el: '.js-SiteSearch-form'});</script></div></div> <div id='site' class='fixed'> <div id="content" class="clearfix"> <script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(){ var $dismissible = $(".dismissible_banner"); $dismissible.click(function(ev) { $dismissible.hide(); }); });</script> <div class="DesignSystem" style="margin-top:-40px"><div class="PageHeader"><div class="container"><div class="row"><style type="text/css">.sor-abstract { display: -webkit-box; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Collaborative Learning</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">30,130 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Collaborative Learning</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Collaborative_Learning">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_14716601" data-work_id="14716601" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14716601/3D_Virtual_Worlds_as_a_Fusion_of_Immersing_Visualizing_Recording_and_Replaying_Technologies">3D Virtual Worlds as a Fusion of Immersing, Visualizing, Recording, and Replaying Technologies</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This chapter discusses 3D virtual worlds as a fusion of technologies for serious applications. A variety of new trends in the area is considered along with original findings, exemplified with particular approaches and features designed.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_14716601" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This chapter discusses 3D virtual worlds as a fusion of technologies for serious applications. A variety of new trends in the area is considered along with original findings, exemplified with particular approaches and features designed. The goal of this chapter is to evaluate and envisage what benefits can be acquired if such trends and features are fused under a single platform. Specific trends considered in this chapter include increase of the sense of immersion with virtual reality devices, simplification of control with joysticks and mobile devices, working with large amounts of multimedia content, and capturing activities using virtual recording. The discussion is supported with the literature review and evaluation of the features developed for vAcademia virtual world. A particular focus of the chapter is on the discussion of how the new properties of 3D virtual worlds can increase their efficiency for serious applications, enable new scenarios of use, and improve user experience. . There has been extensive study of the impact of 3D immersive visualization on user behavior, lower-level task performance, and comprehension of data. A key characteristic, arguably the one that motivates the use of immersive VR in high-value training, is that participants tend to react as if the sce-ne they were seeing were real. That is they behave in a way that is similar to their behavior in a comparable real situation .</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14716601" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5548c3bed691052113110a6339d0ea90" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43947655,"asset_id":14716601,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43947655/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33674493" href="https://ntnu-no.academia.edu/EkaterinaPrasolovaf%C3%B8rland">Ekaterina Prasolova-Førland</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33674493" type="text/json">{"id":33674493,"first_name":"Ekaterina","last_name":"Prasolova-Førland","domain_name":"ntnu-no","page_name":"EkaterinaPrasolovaførland","display_name":"Ekaterina Prasolova-Førland","profile_url":"https://ntnu-no.academia.edu/EkaterinaPrasolovaf%C3%B8rland?f_ri=35254","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_14716601 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="14716601"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 14716601, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_14716601", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_14716601 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14716601; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_14716601"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_14716601 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="14716601"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 14716601; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14716601]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_14716601").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_14716601").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="14716601"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2129" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Supported_Cooperative_Work_CSCW_">Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2129" type="text/json">{"id":2129,"name":"Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Supported_Cooperative_Work_CSCW_?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2151" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virtual_Reality_Computer_Graphics_">Virtual Reality (Computer Graphics)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2151" type="text/json">{"id":2151,"name":"Virtual Reality (Computer Graphics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virtual_Reality_Computer_Graphics_?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4828" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaboration">Collaboration</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4828" type="text/json">{"id":4828,"name":"Collaboration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaboration?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8668" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Supported_Collaborative_Learning_CSCL">Computer Supported Collaborative Learning CSCL</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="8668" type="text/json">{"id":8668,"name":"Computer Supported Collaborative Learning CSCL","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Supported_Collaborative_Learning_CSCL?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=14716601]'), work: {"id":14716601,"title":"3D Virtual Worlds as a Fusion of Immersing, Visualizing, Recording, and Replaying Technologies","created_at":"2015-08-06T08:14:07.465-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/14716601/3D_Virtual_Worlds_as_a_Fusion_of_Immersing_Visualizing_Recording_and_Replaying_Technologies?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_14716601","summary":"This chapter discusses 3D virtual worlds as a fusion of technologies for serious applications. A variety of new trends in the area is considered along with original findings, exemplified with particular approaches and features designed. The goal of this chapter is to evaluate and envisage what benefits can be acquired if such trends and features are fused under a single platform. Specific trends considered in this chapter include increase of the sense of immersion with virtual reality devices, simplification of control with joysticks and mobile devices, working with large amounts of multimedia content, and capturing activities using virtual recording. The discussion is supported with the literature review and evaluation of the features developed for vAcademia virtual world. A particular focus of the chapter is on the discussion of how the new properties of 3D virtual worlds can increase their efficiency for serious applications, enable new scenarios of use, and improve user experience. . There has been extensive study of the impact of 3D immersive visualization on user behavior, lower-level task performance, and comprehension of data. A key characteristic, arguably the one that motivates the use of immersive VR in high-value training, is that participants tend to react as if the sce-ne they were seeing were real. That is they behave in a way that is similar to their behavior in a comparable real situation .","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43947655,"asset_id":14716601,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33674493,"first_name":"Ekaterina","last_name":"Prasolova-Førland","domain_name":"ntnu-no","page_name":"EkaterinaPrasolovaførland","display_name":"Ekaterina Prasolova-Førland","profile_url":"https://ntnu-no.academia.edu/EkaterinaPrasolovaf%C3%B8rland?f_ri=35254","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2129,"name":"Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Supported_Cooperative_Work_CSCW_?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":2151,"name":"Virtual Reality (Computer Graphics)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virtual_Reality_Computer_Graphics_?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":4828,"name":"Collaboration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaboration?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":8668,"name":"Computer Supported Collaborative Learning CSCL","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Supported_Collaborative_Learning_CSCL?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":21842,"name":"Virtual Worlds","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virtual_Worlds?f_ri=35254"},{"id":25745,"name":"User eXperience","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/User_eXperience?f_ri=35254"},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":44293,"name":"Literature Review","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literature_Review?f_ri=35254"},{"id":50642,"name":"Virtual Reality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virtual_Reality?f_ri=35254"},{"id":91387,"name":"Kinect","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinect?f_ri=35254"},{"id":154850,"name":"Mobile Device","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mobile_Device?f_ri=35254"},{"id":221756,"name":"Motion Capture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Motion_Capture?f_ri=35254"},{"id":310988,"name":"Microsoft Kinect Applications","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microsoft_Kinect_Applications?f_ri=35254"},{"id":767976,"name":"vAcademia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/vAcademia?f_ri=35254"},{"id":1215283,"name":"Oculus Rift","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oculus_Rift?f_ri=35254"},{"id":1573968,"name":"Head Mounted Displays","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Head_Mounted_Displays?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_74705956" data-work_id="74705956" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/74705956/Cognitive_Tools_and_Mindtools_for_Collaborative_Learning">Cognitive Tools and Mindtools for Collaborative Learning</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">When a computer-based tool or application is used to carry out a specific task in a learning situation—that is, it is used for learning—more effectively or efficiently one speaks of learning with the tool or application. When, possibly,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_74705956" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">When a computer-based tool or application is used to carry out a specific task in a learning situation—that is, it is used for learning—more effectively or efficiently one speaks of learning with the tool or application. When, possibly, that same tool or application is used to enhance the way a learner works and thinks, and as such has effects that reach further than the learning situation in which it is used, then one speaks of learning from the tool or application. This article concentrates on the latter. It zooms in on the use of mindtools in education—computer programs and applications that facilitate meaningful professional thinking and working—because this is the epitome of learning from ICT. Mindtools and cognitive tools help users represent what they know as they transform information into knowledge and are used to engage in, and facilitate, critical thinking and higher order learning. These tools can be as simple as email and or discussion lists and as complicated as argume...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/74705956" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b46740d8652b63de0f1a1dd509abce19" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":83632743,"asset_id":74705956,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83632743/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="286220" href="https://uu.academia.edu/GijsbertErkens">Gijsbert Erkens</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="286220" type="text/json">{"id":286220,"first_name":"Gijsbert","last_name":"Erkens","domain_name":"uu","page_name":"GijsbertErkens","display_name":"Gijsbert Erkens","profile_url":"https://uu.academia.edu/GijsbertErkens?f_ri=35254","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_74705956 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="74705956"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 74705956, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_74705956", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_74705956 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74705956; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_74705956"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_74705956 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74705956"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74705956; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74705956]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_74705956").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_74705956").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="74705956"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="422" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science">Computer Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="422" type="text/json">{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1003" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Technology">Educational Technology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1003" type="text/json">{"id":1003,"name":"Educational Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Technology?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2621" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Higher_Education">Higher Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2621" type="text/json">{"id":2621,"name":"Higher Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Higher_Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2971" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_development">Cognitive development</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2971" type="text/json">{"id":2971,"name":"Cognitive development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_development?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=74705956]'), work: {"id":74705956,"title":"Cognitive Tools and Mindtools for Collaborative Learning","created_at":"2022-03-27T09:52:08.927-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/74705956/Cognitive_Tools_and_Mindtools_for_Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_74705956","summary":"When a computer-based tool or application is used to carry out a specific task in a learning situation—that is, it is used for learning—more effectively or efficiently one speaks of learning with the tool or application. When, possibly, that same tool or application is used to enhance the way a learner works and thinks, and as such has effects that reach further than the learning situation in which it is used, then one speaks of learning from the tool or application. This article concentrates on the latter. It zooms in on the use of mindtools in education—computer programs and applications that facilitate meaningful professional thinking and working—because this is the epitome of learning from ICT. Mindtools and cognitive tools help users represent what they know as they transform information into knowledge and are used to engage in, and facilitate, critical thinking and higher order learning. These tools can be as simple as email and or discussion lists and as complicated as argume...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":83632743,"asset_id":74705956,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":286220,"first_name":"Gijsbert","last_name":"Erkens","domain_name":"uu","page_name":"GijsbertErkens","display_name":"Gijsbert Erkens","profile_url":"https://uu.academia.edu/GijsbertErkens?f_ri=35254","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":1003,"name":"Educational Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Technology?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":2621,"name":"Higher Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Higher_Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":2971,"name":"Cognitive development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_development?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":11006,"name":"Computer Mediated Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Mediated_Communication?f_ri=35254"},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":43968,"name":"Cooperation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cooperation?f_ri=35254"},{"id":69342,"name":"Educational computing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_computing?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_60096351" data-work_id="60096351" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/60096351/The_Differences_Between_the_Influences_of_Synchronous_and_Asynchronous_Modes_on_Collaborative_Learning_Project_of_Industrial_Design">The Differences Between the Influences of Synchronous and Asynchronous Modes on Collaborative Learning Project of Industrial Design</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Understanding communication in collaborative design is helpful for development and selection of communication software and technology in design project. The aim of this article attempts to explore the differences between the influences of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_60096351" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Understanding communication in collaborative design is helpful for development and selection of communication software and technology in design project. The aim of this article attempts to explore the differences between the influences of synchronous and asynchronous modes on collaborative design learning projects. Two experiment projects were conducted, and the participation record and the content of communication were collected. Both quantitative and content analysis methods used in order to indicate the attributions of different communication mode. Results of this study showed that there have differences in participation and communication pattern between the synchronous and asynchronous modes on collaborative learning project. It should be noted that this study is restricted to the size of sample and uncertain variables. The future research is obviously required.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/60096351" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="92b1579dd21f1db707f19f7acaf57517" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":73688382,"asset_id":60096351,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73688382/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="77233" href="https://changgung.academia.edu/WenzhiChen">Wenzhi Chen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="77233" type="text/json">{"id":77233,"first_name":"Wenzhi","last_name":"Chen","domain_name":"changgung","page_name":"WenzhiChen","display_name":"Wenzhi Chen","profile_url":"https://changgung.academia.edu/WenzhiChen?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/77233/21407/19828/s65_wenzhi.chen.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_60096351 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="60096351"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 60096351, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_60096351", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_60096351 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60096351; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_60096351"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_60096351 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60096351"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60096351; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60096351]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_60096351").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_60096351").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="60096351"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="922" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education">Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="922" type="text/json">{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="923" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology">Technology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="923" type="text/json">{"id":923,"name":"Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="988" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design">Design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="988" type="text/json">{"id":988,"name":"Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1903" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_education">Design education</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1903" type="text/json">{"id":1903,"name":"Design education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=60096351]'), work: {"id":60096351,"title":"The Differences Between the Influences of Synchronous and Asynchronous Modes on Collaborative Learning Project of Industrial Design","created_at":"2021-10-26T18:06:23.731-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/60096351/The_Differences_Between_the_Influences_of_Synchronous_and_Asynchronous_Modes_on_Collaborative_Learning_Project_of_Industrial_Design?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_60096351","summary":"Understanding communication in collaborative design is helpful for development and selection of communication software and technology in design project. The aim of this article attempts to explore the differences between the influences of synchronous and asynchronous modes on collaborative design learning projects. Two experiment projects were conducted, and the participation record and the content of communication were collected. Both quantitative and content analysis methods used in order to indicate the attributions of different communication mode. Results of this study showed that there have differences in participation and communication pattern between the synchronous and asynchronous modes on collaborative learning project. It should be noted that this study is restricted to the size of sample and uncertain variables. The future research is obviously required.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":73688382,"asset_id":60096351,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":77233,"first_name":"Wenzhi","last_name":"Chen","domain_name":"changgung","page_name":"WenzhiChen","display_name":"Wenzhi Chen","profile_url":"https://changgung.academia.edu/WenzhiChen?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/77233/21407/19828/s65_wenzhi.chen.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":923,"name":"Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":988,"name":"Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":1903,"name":"Design education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":3952,"name":"Industrial Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Industrial_Design?f_ri=35254"},{"id":6426,"name":"Content Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Content_Analysis?f_ri=35254"},{"id":8668,"name":"Computer Supported Collaborative Learning CSCL","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Supported_Collaborative_Learning_CSCL?f_ri=35254"},{"id":9853,"name":"Collaborative Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Design?f_ri=35254"},{"id":23997,"name":"HCI","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/HCI?f_ri=35254"},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":1198660,"name":"E Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/E_Learning-14?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_28264185" data-work_id="28264185" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/28264185/Wikipedia_come_attivit%C3%A0_di_empowerment_personale_e_sociale_di_studenti_e_insegnanti_nel_progetto_Veneto_in_Wikipedia_">Wikipedia come attività di empowerment personale e sociale di studenti e insegnanti nel progetto “Veneto in Wikipedia”</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Il progetto ha coinvolto un centinaio di studenti di scuole superiori del Veneto impegnati nell’editazione di Wikipedia su voci relative ai Beni Culturali della Regione. L’attività ha stimolato l’acquisizione di competenze di carattere... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_28264185" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Il progetto ha coinvolto un centinaio di studenti di scuole superiori del Veneto impegnati nell’editazione di Wikipedia su voci relative ai Beni Culturali della Regione. L’attività ha stimolato l’acquisizione di competenze di carattere disciplinare e trasversale (competenze digitali in senso stretto, relazionali, etiche) sensibilizzando gli studenti alla partecipazione e al lavoro collaborativo finalizzato a produrre artefatti digitali percepiti come utili alla comunità. I risultati dimostrano, dal punto di vista degli studenti, una crescita dell’autostima, della motivazione ad apprendere, ed una maggiore consapevolezza del processi di apprendimento; per gli insegnanti si registra una notevole fiducia in Wikipedia che cresce dopo l’esperienza fatta e contribuisce a considerarla strumento efficace nella didattica, motivante e di empowerment personale e sociale.<br />This project involved a hundred high-school students in the Veneto Region, who edited Wikipedia entries about the region’s cultural heritage. The activity stimulated competence acquisition in the digital, relational, ethical and curricular spheres, and fostered students’ participation in a collaborative task aimed at producing digital artifacts perceived as useful to the local and broader communities. The results indicate students’ growing self-esteem, motivation to learn, and greater awareness of the learning process. Teachers demonstrated firm and growing trust in Wikipedia, as they increasingly consider it an effective teaching tool able to motivate, and as a trigger of personal and social empowerment.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/28264185" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f8b49e60ad2a1ab7a599cc060656edf2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48587324,"asset_id":28264185,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48587324/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="47909983" href="https://cnr-it.academia.edu/IJET">Italian Journal of Educational Technology</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="47909983" type="text/json">{"id":47909983,"first_name":"Italian Journal","last_name":"of Educational Technology","domain_name":"cnr-it","page_name":"IJET","display_name":"Italian Journal of Educational Technology","profile_url":"https://cnr-it.academia.edu/IJET?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/47909983/12621272/16529530/s65_italian_journal.of_educational_technology.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_28264185 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="28264185"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 28264185, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_28264185", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_28264185 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 28264185; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_28264185"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_28264185 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="28264185"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 28264185; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=28264185]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_28264185").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_28264185").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="28264185"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35049" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wikipedia_Studies">Wikipedia Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="35049" type="text/json">{"id":35049,"name":"Wikipedia Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wikipedia_Studies?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35254" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning">Collaborative Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="35254" type="text/json">{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="200610" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Culturla_Heritage">Culturla Heritage</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="200610" type="text/json">{"id":200610,"name":"Culturla Heritage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Culturla_Heritage?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="364253" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_competence">Digital competence</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="364253" type="text/json">{"id":364253,"name":"Digital competence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_competence?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=28264185]'), work: {"id":28264185,"title":"Wikipedia come attività di empowerment personale e sociale di studenti e insegnanti nel progetto “Veneto in Wikipedia”","created_at":"2016-09-05T06:55:50.409-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/28264185/Wikipedia_come_attivit%C3%A0_di_empowerment_personale_e_sociale_di_studenti_e_insegnanti_nel_progetto_Veneto_in_Wikipedia_?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_28264185","summary":"Il progetto ha coinvolto un centinaio di studenti di scuole superiori del Veneto impegnati nell’editazione di Wikipedia su voci relative ai Beni Culturali della Regione. L’attività ha stimolato l’acquisizione di competenze di carattere disciplinare e trasversale (competenze digitali in senso stretto, relazionali, etiche) sensibilizzando gli studenti alla partecipazione e al lavoro collaborativo finalizzato a produrre artefatti digitali percepiti come utili alla comunità. I risultati dimostrano, dal punto di vista degli studenti, una crescita dell’autostima, della motivazione ad apprendere, ed una maggiore consapevolezza del processi di apprendimento; per gli insegnanti si registra una notevole fiducia in Wikipedia che cresce dopo l’esperienza fatta e contribuisce a considerarla strumento efficace nella didattica, motivante e di empowerment personale e sociale.\nThis project involved a hundred high-school students in the Veneto Region, who edited Wikipedia entries about the region’s cultural heritage. The activity stimulated competence acquisition in the digital, relational, ethical and curricular spheres, and fostered students’ participation in a collaborative task aimed at producing digital artifacts perceived as useful to the local and broader communities. The results indicate students’ growing self-esteem, motivation to learn, and greater awareness of the learning process. Teachers demonstrated firm and growing trust in Wikipedia, as they increasingly consider it an effective teaching tool able to motivate, and as a trigger of personal and social empowerment.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48587324,"asset_id":28264185,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":47909983,"first_name":"Italian Journal","last_name":"of Educational Technology","domain_name":"cnr-it","page_name":"IJET","display_name":"Italian Journal of Educational Technology","profile_url":"https://cnr-it.academia.edu/IJET?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/47909983/12621272/16529530/s65_italian_journal.of_educational_technology.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":35049,"name":"Wikipedia Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wikipedia_Studies?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":200610,"name":"Culturla Heritage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Culturla_Heritage?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":364253,"name":"Digital competence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_competence?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9657883" data-work_id="9657883" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9657883/Matrix_Factorization_A_Study_for_Implicit_Rating">Matrix Factorization: A Study for Implicit Rating</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">There have been signi cant advances in the eld of Implicit Rating as it is computationally less expensive and less biased than Explicit Rating. Collaborative Filtering techniques are widely used in Rating and Recommender systems for... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9657883" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">There have been signicant advances in the eld of Implicit Rating as it is computationally<br />less expensive and less biased than Explicit Rating. Collaborative Filtering techniques are widely<br />used in Rating and Recommender systems for product based applications. Many techniques have<br />come up which try to predict user ratings based on history but there is still scope of improvement.<br />In the Implicit Rating system, in which only the past user activity is available but there are<br />no actual ratings, there is an uncertainty of interpretation. There are only few common implicit<br />rating based techniques and algorithms. This report focuses on a common matrix factorization<br />method for the implicit rating problem. We establish the importance of implicit rating and then<br />state advantages/disadvantages of various techniques while elaborating on matrix factorization.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9657883" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fbbe1deef4fa49fe19100208e7907ef4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35855807,"asset_id":9657883,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35855807/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="247777" href="https://iitg-in.academia.edu/ramananurag">raman anurag</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="247777" type="text/json">{"id":247777,"first_name":"raman","last_name":"anurag","domain_name":"iitg-in","page_name":"ramananurag","display_name":"raman anurag","profile_url":"https://iitg-in.academia.edu/ramananurag?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/247777/53521/7081819/s65_raman.anurag.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9657883 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9657883"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9657883, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9657883", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_9657883 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9657883; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_9657883"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_9657883 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9657883"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9657883; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9657883]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9657883").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9657883").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9657883"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1753" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Implicit_learning">Implicit learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1753" type="text/json">{"id":1753,"name":"Implicit learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Implicit_learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35254" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning">Collaborative Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="35254" type="text/json">{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="318849" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Matrix_factorization">Matrix factorization</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="318849" type="text/json">{"id":318849,"name":"Matrix factorization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Matrix_factorization?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9657883]'), work: {"id":9657883,"title":"Matrix Factorization: A Study for Implicit Rating","created_at":"2014-12-07T04:10:38.103-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9657883/Matrix_Factorization_A_Study_for_Implicit_Rating?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_9657883","summary":"There have been signi\fcant advances in the \feld of Implicit Rating as it is computationally\nless expensive and less biased than Explicit Rating. Collaborative Filtering techniques are widely\nused in Rating and Recommender systems for product based applications. Many techniques have\ncome up which try to predict user ratings based on history but there is still scope of improvement.\nIn the Implicit Rating system, in which only the past user activity is available but there are\nno actual ratings, there is an uncertainty of interpretation. There are only few common implicit\nrating based techniques and algorithms. This report focuses on a common matrix factorization\nmethod for the implicit rating problem. We establish the importance of implicit rating and then\nstate advantages/disadvantages of various techniques while elaborating on matrix factorization.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35855807,"asset_id":9657883,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":247777,"first_name":"raman","last_name":"anurag","domain_name":"iitg-in","page_name":"ramananurag","display_name":"raman anurag","profile_url":"https://iitg-in.academia.edu/ramananurag?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/247777/53521/7081819/s65_raman.anurag.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1753,"name":"Implicit learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Implicit_learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":318849,"name":"Matrix factorization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Matrix_factorization?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38853916" data-work_id="38853916" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38853916/Creating_and_Excavating_a_Cemetery_Experiential_Learning_for_Advanced_Bioarchaeology">Creating and Excavating a Cemetery: Experiential Learning for Advanced Bioarchaeology.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Our poster describes a collaborative, experiential learning approach to teaching ANT 441: Advanced Bioarchaeology1. We employ collaborative learning (where students work on a common task, share information, support one another and then... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38853916" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Our poster describes a collaborative, experiential learning approach to teaching ANT 441: Advanced Bioarchaeology1. We employ collaborative learning (where students work on a common task, share information, support one another and then reflect on the process)1, as an alternative to what can be perceived as the overemphasis on competition in an academic setting. While a number of international field schools offer practical experience in the excavation of human remains from a cemetery context for academic credit, we found most students cannot afford these field schools, and/or must work during the summer months (when excavation opportunities are offered) to support their education costs. Our cemetery project provides a low-cost alternative where participants gain the basic skills to excavate, recover and document a burial, and acquire a clear understanding of the importance of contextual information for burial interpretation. We facilitate learning by establishing the project objectives, providing associated learning tasks, and guiding the weekly cemetery project meetings. Students are given the freedom to decide the analyses needed to achieve their goal, learn to articulate their rationale in using particular methods of analysis, perform collaborative data analysis and assess the accuracy and logic of one another’s contributions - becoming more experienced, independent researchers as a result. We promote the participation and learning of all group members by monitoring students’ learning, managing time and resources, and checking that students are on task and engaging with the group process. The course project is divided into a series of manageable learning assessments that build on each other, and increase in complexity. We found scaffolding reduces anxiety over completion of a complex assignment, gives those who procrastinate a solid starting point, offers more opportunities for support and feedback, affords the opportunity to make mistakes in a safe environment, and provides students with a solid sense of accomplishment as they progress through the steps. Students gain critical thinking, decision making, and problem solving skills through an iterative process as new variables are introduced, and ultimately comprehend the advantages and challenges of a collaborative culture of shared responsibility.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38853916" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c93c4029a31fd97326e60aec4c81e7d3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58949192,"asset_id":38853916,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58949192/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="44387873" href="https://utoronto.academia.edu/CarolanWood">Carolan Wood</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="44387873" type="text/json">{"id":44387873,"first_name":"Carolan","last_name":"Wood","domain_name":"utoronto","page_name":"CarolanWood","display_name":"Carolan Wood","profile_url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/CarolanWood?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/44387873/12522981/13934558/s65_carolan.wood.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38853916 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38853916"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38853916, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38853916", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_38853916 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38853916; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_38853916"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_38853916 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38853916"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38853916; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38853916]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38853916").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38853916").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38853916"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11761" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experiential_Learning_Active_Learning_">Experiential Learning (Active Learning)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11761" type="text/json">{"id":11761,"name":"Experiential Learning (Active Learning)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experiential_Learning_Active_Learning_?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35254" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning">Collaborative Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="35254" type="text/json">{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="50574" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experiential_Learning">Experiential Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="50574" type="text/json">{"id":50574,"name":"Experiential Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experiential_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="52961" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reflective_practice_experiential_learning">Reflective practice, experiential learning</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="52961" type="text/json">{"id":52961,"name":"Reflective practice, experiential learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reflective_practice_experiential_learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38853916]'), work: {"id":38853916,"title":"Creating and Excavating a Cemetery: Experiential Learning for Advanced Bioarchaeology.","created_at":"2019-04-18T12:30:37.331-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38853916/Creating_and_Excavating_a_Cemetery_Experiential_Learning_for_Advanced_Bioarchaeology?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_38853916","summary":"Our poster describes a collaborative, experiential learning approach to teaching ANT 441: Advanced Bioarchaeology1. We employ collaborative learning (where students work on a common task, share information, support one another and then reflect on the process)1, as an alternative to what can be perceived as the overemphasis on competition in an academic setting. While a number of international field schools offer practical experience in the excavation of human remains from a cemetery context for academic credit, we found most students cannot afford these field schools, and/or must work during the summer months (when excavation opportunities are offered) to support their education costs. Our cemetery project provides a low-cost alternative where participants gain the basic skills to excavate, recover and document a burial, and acquire a clear understanding of the importance of contextual information for burial interpretation. We facilitate learning by establishing the project objectives, providing associated learning tasks, and guiding the weekly cemetery project meetings. Students are given the freedom to decide the analyses needed to achieve their goal, learn to articulate their rationale in using particular methods of analysis, perform collaborative data analysis and assess the accuracy and logic of one another’s contributions - becoming more experienced, independent researchers as a result. We promote the participation and learning of all group members by monitoring students’ learning, managing time and resources, and checking that students are on task and engaging with the group process. The course project is divided into a series of manageable learning assessments that build on each other, and increase in complexity. We found scaffolding reduces anxiety over completion of a complex assignment, gives those who procrastinate a solid starting point, offers more opportunities for support and feedback, affords the opportunity to make mistakes in a safe environment, and provides students with a solid sense of accomplishment as they progress through the steps. Students gain critical thinking, decision making, and problem solving skills through an iterative process as new variables are introduced, and ultimately comprehend the advantages and challenges of a collaborative culture of shared responsibility.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58949192,"asset_id":38853916,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":44387873,"first_name":"Carolan","last_name":"Wood","domain_name":"utoronto","page_name":"CarolanWood","display_name":"Carolan Wood","profile_url":"https://utoronto.academia.edu/CarolanWood?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/44387873/12522981/13934558/s65_carolan.wood.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":11761,"name":"Experiential Learning (Active Learning)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experiential_Learning_Active_Learning_?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":50574,"name":"Experiential Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experiential_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":52961,"name":"Reflective practice, experiential learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reflective_practice_experiential_learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6226211" data-work_id="6226211" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6226211/Language_Learning_Opportunities_and_Collaborative_Interaction">Language Learning Opportunities and Collaborative Interaction</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6226211" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ae6a769ce1667928550f2714f80f326d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33093097,"asset_id":6226211,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33093097/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8491909" href="https://hct.academia.edu/RobertCollins">Robert Collins</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8491909" type="text/json">{"id":8491909,"first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Collins","domain_name":"hct","page_name":"RobertCollins","display_name":"Robert Collins","profile_url":"https://hct.academia.edu/RobertCollins?f_ri=35254","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6226211 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6226211"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6226211, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6226211", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_6226211 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6226211; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_6226211"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_6226211 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="6226211"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6226211; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6226211]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6226211").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6226211").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6226211"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35254" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning">Collaborative Learning</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="35254" type="text/json">{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6226211]'), work: {"id":6226211,"title":"Language Learning Opportunities and Collaborative Interaction","created_at":"2014-02-27T04:51:16.764-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6226211/Language_Learning_Opportunities_and_Collaborative_Interaction?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_6226211","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33093097,"asset_id":6226211,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":8491909,"first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Collins","domain_name":"hct","page_name":"RobertCollins","display_name":"Robert Collins","profile_url":"https://hct.academia.edu/RobertCollins?f_ri=35254","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12341216" data-work_id="12341216" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12341216/Designing_collaborative_learning_environments_using_digital_games">Designing collaborative learning environments using digital games</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Collaborative learning environments require carefully crafted designs -both technical and social. This paper presents a model describing how to design socio-technical environments that will promote collaboration in group activities. A... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12341216" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Collaborative learning environments require carefully crafted designs -both technical and social. This paper presents a model describing how to design socio-technical environments that will promote collaboration in group activities. A game was developed based on this model. This tool was used to conduct experiments for studying the collaborative learning process. Testing with this system revealed some strengths and weaknesses, which are being addressed in the on-going research.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12341216" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7d46bd097af13969f78b7f9a32002f12" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46234232,"asset_id":12341216,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46234232/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31019745" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GerryStahl">Gerry Stahl</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31019745" type="text/json">{"id":31019745,"first_name":"Gerry","last_name":"Stahl","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GerryStahl","display_name":"Gerry Stahl","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GerryStahl?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31019745/9089637/10138724/s65_gerry.stahl.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12341216 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12341216"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12341216, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12341216", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_12341216 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12341216; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_12341216"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_12341216 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="12341216"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12341216; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12341216]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_12341216").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_12341216").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12341216"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8668" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Supported_Collaborative_Learning_CSCL">Computer Supported Collaborative Learning CSCL</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8668" type="text/json">{"id":8668,"name":"Computer Supported Collaborative Learning CSCL","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Supported_Collaborative_Learning_CSCL?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11105" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Self_Regulation">Self Regulation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11105" type="text/json">{"id":11105,"name":"Self Regulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Self_Regulation?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15076" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Games">Digital Games</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15076" type="text/json">{"id":15076,"name":"Digital Games","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Games?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15869" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Online_Learning">Online Learning</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="15869" type="text/json">{"id":15869,"name":"Online Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Online_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12341216]'), work: {"id":12341216,"title":"Designing collaborative learning environments using digital games","created_at":"2015-05-11T18:43:17.073-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/12341216/Designing_collaborative_learning_environments_using_digital_games?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_12341216","summary":"Collaborative learning environments require carefully crafted designs -both technical and social. This paper presents a model describing how to design socio-technical environments that will promote collaboration in group activities. A game was developed based on this model. This tool was used to conduct experiments for studying the collaborative learning process. Testing with this system revealed some strengths and weaknesses, which are being addressed in the on-going research.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46234232,"asset_id":12341216,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":31019745,"first_name":"Gerry","last_name":"Stahl","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GerryStahl","display_name":"Gerry Stahl","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GerryStahl?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/31019745/9089637/10138724/s65_gerry.stahl.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":8668,"name":"Computer Supported Collaborative Learning CSCL","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Supported_Collaborative_Learning_CSCL?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":11105,"name":"Self Regulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Self_Regulation?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":15076,"name":"Digital Games","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Games?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":15869,"name":"Online Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Online_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":508371,"name":"Curriculum and Pedagogy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Curriculum_and_Pedagogy?f_ri=35254"},{"id":524469,"name":"Self Regulated Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Self_Regulated_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":1192966,"name":"Educational Scenarios","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Scenarios?f_ri=35254"},{"id":1198660,"name":"E Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/E_Learning-14?f_ri=35254"},{"id":2318632,"name":"Collaborative Learning Environment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning_Environment?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_2488499" data-work_id="2488499" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2488499/The_CU_Online_Handbook_Teach_differently_Create_and_collaborate">The CU Online Handbook: Teach differently: Create and collaborate</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Introduction Introduction by Patrick R. Lowenthal Trends and Issues with Online Learning From Reluctant and Reticent to Engaged and Enthusiastic: The Passage to Online Teaching Susan Giullian Preparing Special Education... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_2488499" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Introduction <br />Introduction by Patrick R. Lowenthal <br /> <br />Trends and Issues with Online Learning <br />From Reluctant and Reticent to Engaged and Enthusiastic: The Passage to Online Teaching <br />Susan Giullian <br /> <br />Preparing Special Education Teachers Through Online Instruction <br />Donna Sobel <br /> <br />Using eCollege to Facilitate Learning, Provide for Program Coherence, Manage Accountability Innovations, and Ensure the Evolution of a Principal Licensure Program <br />Connie Fulmer <br /> <br />Make, Share, Find: Web 2.0 and Informal Learning <br />Phil Antonelli <br /> <br />Technology in Action <br />The Advantages of a Ning Social Network Within a Higher Education Program <br />Laura Summers <br /> <br />Fresh and Forward-thinking: Using Blogs for Educational Purposes <br />Joanna C. Dunlap & Ellen Stevens <br /> <br />Hanging on by a Thread <br />Dorothy F. Garrison-Wade <br /> <br />Instructional Uses of Twitter <br />Joanna C. Dunlap & Patrick R. Lowenthal <br /> <br />Using Audio for Giving Feedback to Project Teams: A Useful Complement to Track Changes <br />Brent G. Wilson <br /> <br />Wordle… Just for Phluff? <br />Joanna C. Dunlap <br /> <br />A Teaching Video Project Brought to Closure <br />Farah A. Ibrahim <br /> <br />Improving the Design of PowerPoint Presentations <br />Patrick R. Lowenthal <br /> <br />Emerging Tools and Applications <br />Audacity <br />Ning <br />Blogger <br />PBworks <br />Bubbl.us <br />Picnik <br />Delicious <br />ScreenSteps Desktop <br />Facebook <br />Songza <br />Flickr <br />SkyDrive <br />Google Docs <br />Skype <br />Google Reader <br />Twitter <br />iSpring <br />Ustream <br />Jing VoiceThread <br />Media Converter <br />Youtube <br />MyPodcast <br />Zotero <br /> <br />Resources <br />Down-and-dirty Guidelines for Effective Discussions in Online Courses <br />Joanna C. Dunlap <br /> <br />Protocols for Online Discussions <br />Joanna C. Dunlap <br /> <br />Improving the Odds of Effective Collaborative Work in Online Courses <br />Joanna C. Dunlap</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/2488499" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="62cdbb08bae4e92c810eafab2fa68203" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":30506308,"asset_id":2488499,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/30506308/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="191513" href="https://boisestate.academia.edu/PatrickLowenthal">Patrick Lowenthal</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="191513" type="text/json">{"id":191513,"first_name":"Patrick","last_name":"Lowenthal","domain_name":"boisestate","page_name":"PatrickLowenthal","display_name":"Patrick Lowenthal","profile_url":"https://boisestate.academia.edu/PatrickLowenthal?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/191513/46247/3697816/s65_patrick.lowenthal.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_2488499 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="2488499"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 2488499, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_2488499", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_2488499 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 2488499; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_2488499"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_2488499 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="2488499"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 2488499; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=2488499]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_2488499").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_2488499").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="2488499"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">22</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="922" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education">Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="922" type="text/json">{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="923" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology">Technology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="923" type="text/json">{"id":923,"name":"Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="933" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Media">New Media</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="933" type="text/json">{"id":933,"name":"New Media","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Media?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1000" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Instructional_Design">Instructional Design</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1000" type="text/json">{"id":1000,"name":"Instructional Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Instructional_Design?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=2488499]'), work: {"id":2488499,"title":"The CU Online Handbook: Teach differently: Create and collaborate","created_at":"2013-01-30T00:55:19.613-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/2488499/The_CU_Online_Handbook_Teach_differently_Create_and_collaborate?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_2488499","summary":"Introduction\r\nIntroduction by Patrick R. Lowenthal\r\n\r\nTrends and Issues with Online Learning\r\nFrom Reluctant and Reticent to Engaged and Enthusiastic: The Passage to Online Teaching \r\nSusan Giullian \r\n\r\nPreparing Special Education Teachers Through Online Instruction \r\nDonna Sobel\r\n\r\nUsing eCollege to Facilitate Learning, Provide for Program Coherence, Manage Accountability Innovations, and Ensure the Evolution of a Principal Licensure Program \r\nConnie Fulmer \r\n\r\nMake, Share, Find: Web 2.0 and Informal Learning \r\nPhil Antonelli\r\n\r\nTechnology in Action\r\nThe Advantages of a Ning Social Network Within a Higher Education Program \r\nLaura Summers \r\n\r\nFresh and Forward-thinking: Using Blogs for Educational Purposes \r\nJoanna C. Dunlap \u0026 Ellen Stevens \r\n\r\nHanging on by a Thread \r\nDorothy F. Garrison-Wade \r\n\r\nInstructional Uses of Twitter \r\nJoanna C. Dunlap \u0026 Patrick R. Lowenthal \r\n\r\nUsing Audio for Giving Feedback to Project Teams: A Useful Complement to Track Changes \r\nBrent G. Wilson\r\n\r\nWordle… Just for Phluff? \r\nJoanna C. Dunlap\r\n\r\nA Teaching Video Project Brought to Closure \r\nFarah A. Ibrahim \r\n\r\nImproving the Design of PowerPoint Presentations \r\nPatrick R. Lowenthal\r\n\r\nEmerging Tools and Applications\r\nAudacity\t\r\nNing \r\nBlogger\t\r\nPBworks\r\nBubbl.us\t\r\nPicnik\r\nDelicious\t\r\nScreenSteps Desktop \r\nFacebook\t\r\nSongza \r\nFlickr\t\r\nSkyDrive\r\nGoogle Docs\t\r\nSkype\r\nGoogle Reader\t\r\nTwitter\r\niSpring\t\r\nUstream \r\nJing\tVoiceThread \r\nMedia Converter\t\r\nYoutube \r\nMyPodcast \t\r\nZotero \r\n\r\nResources\r\nDown-and-dirty Guidelines for Effective Discussions in Online Courses \r\nJoanna C. Dunlap\r\n\r\nProtocols for Online Discussions \r\nJoanna C. Dunlap\r\n\r\nImproving the Odds of Effective Collaborative Work in Online Courses \r\nJoanna C. Dunlap","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":30506308,"asset_id":2488499,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false},{"id":30506756,"asset_id":2488499,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":191513,"first_name":"Patrick","last_name":"Lowenthal","domain_name":"boisestate","page_name":"PatrickLowenthal","display_name":"Patrick Lowenthal","profile_url":"https://boisestate.academia.edu/PatrickLowenthal?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/191513/46247/3697816/s65_patrick.lowenthal.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":923,"name":"Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":933,"name":"New Media","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Media?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":1000,"name":"Instructional Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Instructional_Design?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":1003,"name":"Educational Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Technology?f_ri=35254"},{"id":1609,"name":"E-learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/E-learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":1695,"name":"Distance Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Distance_Education?f_ri=35254"},{"id":3203,"name":"Feedback (Education)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Feedback_Education_?f_ri=35254"},{"id":5625,"name":"Instructional Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Instructional_Technology?f_ri=35254"},{"id":9246,"name":"Social Media","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Media?f_ri=35254"},{"id":13873,"name":"Twitter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Twitter?f_ri=35254"},{"id":15869,"name":"Online Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Online_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":24943,"name":"Distance Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Distance_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":24944,"name":"Teaching Online","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_Online?f_ri=35254"},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":36997,"name":"Emerging Technologies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emerging_Technologies?f_ri=35254"},{"id":42071,"name":"Online","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Online?f_ri=35254"},{"id":62047,"name":"Online Discussions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Online_Discussions?f_ri=35254"},{"id":165528,"name":"Online Teaching","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Online_Teaching?f_ri=35254"},{"id":245187,"name":"Handbook","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Handbook?f_ri=35254"},{"id":279114,"name":"Technology Enhanced Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology_Enhanced_Education?f_ri=35254"},{"id":713558,"name":"e-Book","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/e-Book?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_55124757" data-work_id="55124757" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/55124757/The_effect_of_incorporating_cooperative_learning_principles_in_pair_programming_for_student_teachers">The effect of incorporating cooperative learning principles in pair programming for student teachers</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Based on their quantitative and qualitative investigations, the authors conclude that pair programming as a strategy for teaching student teachers could be made more effective through the incorporation of principles associated with... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_55124757" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Based on their quantitative and qualitative investigations, the authors conclude that pair programming as a strategy for teaching student teachers could be made more effective through the incorporation of principles associated with cooperative learning. They substantiate this claim by referring to a literature study about the advantages and disadvantages of pair programming as a teaching-learning strategy, by then discussing five principles of cooperative learning, and by presenting the findings of their empirical study. Second year student teachers taking a Delphi programming module participated in an experiment conducted over a two year period. In 2005, the participants did computer programming in pairs without the application of principles associated with cooperative learning. In 2006, a similar group of participants also programmed in pairs, but in their case, certain principles associated with cooperative learning were incorporated in the strategy followed by the facilitator. According to a comparison of the module examination marks, the 2006 group outperformed the 2005 group. This finding was confirmed by qualitative investigations.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/55124757" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="041fa84ac791afae43cd10f9f8c306aa" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":71147788,"asset_id":55124757,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/71147788/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="40896358" href="https://unisouthafr.academia.edu/LeilaniGoosen">Leila Goosen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="40896358" type="text/json">{"id":40896358,"first_name":"Leila","last_name":"Goosen","domain_name":"unisouthafr","page_name":"LeilaniGoosen","display_name":"Leila Goosen","profile_url":"https://unisouthafr.academia.edu/LeilaniGoosen?f_ri=35254","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_55124757 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="55124757"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 55124757, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_55124757", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_55124757 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 55124757; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_55124757"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_55124757 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="55124757"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 55124757; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=55124757]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_55124757").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_55124757").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="55124757"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1128" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science_Education">Computer Science Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1128" type="text/json">{"id":1128,"name":"Computer Science Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science_Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35254" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning">Collaborative Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="35254" type="text/json">{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="51264" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Programming">Computer Programming</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="51264" type="text/json">{"id":51264,"name":"Computer Programming","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Programming?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="53292" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Programming">Programming</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="53292" type="text/json">{"id":53292,"name":"Programming","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Programming?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=55124757]'), work: {"id":55124757,"title":"The effect of incorporating cooperative learning principles in pair programming for student teachers","created_at":"2021-10-03T07:06:26.199-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/55124757/The_effect_of_incorporating_cooperative_learning_principles_in_pair_programming_for_student_teachers?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_55124757","summary":"Based on their quantitative and qualitative investigations, the authors conclude that pair programming as a strategy for teaching student teachers could be made more effective through the incorporation of principles associated with cooperative learning. They substantiate this claim by referring to a literature study about the advantages and disadvantages of pair programming as a teaching-learning strategy, by then discussing five principles of cooperative learning, and by presenting the findings of their empirical study. Second year student teachers taking a Delphi programming module participated in an experiment conducted over a two year period. In 2005, the participants did computer programming in pairs without the application of principles associated with cooperative learning. In 2006, a similar group of participants also programmed in pairs, but in their case, certain principles associated with cooperative learning were incorporated in the strategy followed by the facilitator. According to a comparison of the module examination marks, the 2006 group outperformed the 2005 group. This finding was confirmed by qualitative investigations.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":71147788,"asset_id":55124757,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":40896358,"first_name":"Leila","last_name":"Goosen","domain_name":"unisouthafr","page_name":"LeilaniGoosen","display_name":"Leila Goosen","profile_url":"https://unisouthafr.academia.edu/LeilaniGoosen?f_ri=35254","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1128,"name":"Computer Science Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science_Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":51264,"name":"Computer Programming","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Programming?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":53292,"name":"Programming","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Programming?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":55439,"name":"Cooperative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cooperative_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":89488,"name":"Teaching Methods","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_Methods?f_ri=35254"},{"id":169818,"name":"Second Year","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Year?f_ri=35254"},{"id":173288,"name":"Student-Teacher Relationships","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Student-Teacher_Relationships?f_ri=35254"},{"id":219474,"name":"Empirical Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Empirical_Study?f_ri=35254"},{"id":258979,"name":"Computer Program","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Program?f_ri=35254"},{"id":290312,"name":"Pair Programming","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pair_Programming?f_ri=35254"},{"id":1123003,"name":"Whole Brain Teaching and Learning Strategies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Whole_Brain_Teaching_and_Learning_Strategies?f_ri=35254"},{"id":3437641,"name":"Student Teacher","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Student_Teacher-1?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_48682909" data-work_id="48682909" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/48682909/Reinforcement_learning_Un_estudio_comparativo_de_la_performance_de_sus_principales_m%C3%A9todos">Reinforcement learning: Un estudio comparativo de la performance de sus principales métodos</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/48682909" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a12459471c58c7bb995d6545d2caed41" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67168816,"asset_id":48682909,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67168816/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="30903932" href="https://unsl.academia.edu/MarceloLuisErrecalde">Marcelo Luis Errecalde</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="30903932" type="text/json">{"id":30903932,"first_name":"Marcelo Luis","last_name":"Errecalde","domain_name":"unsl","page_name":"MarceloLuisErrecalde","display_name":"Marcelo Luis Errecalde","profile_url":"https://unsl.academia.edu/MarceloLuisErrecalde?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/30903932/9036719/10081418/s65_marcelo_luis.errecalde.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_48682909 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="48682909"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 48682909, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_48682909", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_48682909 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48682909; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_48682909"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_48682909 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="48682909"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48682909; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48682909]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_48682909").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_48682909").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="48682909"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="465" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence">Artificial Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="465" type="text/json">{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1688" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reinforcement_Learning">Reinforcement Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1688" type="text/json">{"id":1688,"name":"Reinforcement Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reinforcement_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2008" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Machine_Learning">Machine Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2008" type="text/json">{"id":2008,"name":"Machine Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Machine_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35254" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning">Collaborative Learning</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="35254" type="text/json">{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=48682909]'), work: {"id":48682909,"title":"Reinforcement learning: Un estudio comparativo de la performance de sus principales métodos","created_at":"2021-05-05T04:14:45.544-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/48682909/Reinforcement_learning_Un_estudio_comparativo_de_la_performance_de_sus_principales_m%C3%A9todos?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_48682909","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67168816,"asset_id":48682909,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":30903932,"first_name":"Marcelo Luis","last_name":"Errecalde","domain_name":"unsl","page_name":"MarceloLuisErrecalde","display_name":"Marcelo Luis Errecalde","profile_url":"https://unsl.academia.edu/MarceloLuisErrecalde?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/30903932/9036719/10081418/s65_marcelo_luis.errecalde.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":465,"name":"Artificial Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Artificial_Intelligence?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":1688,"name":"Reinforcement Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reinforcement_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":2008,"name":"Machine Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Machine_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":43774,"name":"Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Learning?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_48372922" data-work_id="48372922" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/48372922/A_learner_centred_approach_to_developing_team_skills_through_web_based_learning_and_assessment">A learner-centred approach to developing team skills through web-based learning and assessment</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In traditional face-to-face classrooms, collaborative learning has been endorsed as an effective pedagogy that fosters skills of analysis, communication and higher order thinking. Increasingly, as online learning environments for tertiary... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_48372922" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In traditional face-to-face classrooms, collaborative learning has been endorsed as an effective pedagogy that fosters skills of analysis, communication and higher order thinking. Increasingly, as online learning environments for tertiary learners make use of course support systems, there is greater recognition of the potential of communications technologies to foster dialogue, networking and team skills among learners. Such skills are now among the recognised core attributes that graduates are expected to develop. In face-toface classroom students learn the skills of collaboration and teamwork by engaging in tasks defined and supervised by a teacher. In online environments teacher presence is often limited to task definition, management and feedback functions. Team skills and collaboration therefore need to be supported though different pedagogies and processes such as establishing a climate of trust and openness, communication protocols, resolution of conflict and group processes that provide sanctions and support. In this paper we describe an innovative approach to building the skills of decision-making and conflict resolution, leadership and clarity in goal setting and communication. A case study of tertiary learners illustrates how the essential aspects of task definition, resources to support group learning and integrated online assessment foster team skills.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/48372922" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e61805ee61ff04f9af1b74efffadea45" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67019741,"asset_id":48372922,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67019741/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="37408213" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JoeLuca">Joseph Luca</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="37408213" type="text/json">{"id":37408213,"first_name":"Joseph","last_name":"Luca","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JoeLuca","display_name":"Joseph Luca","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JoeLuca?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/37408213/12995830/14350783/s65_joe.luca.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_48372922 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="48372922"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 48372922, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_48372922", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_48372922 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48372922; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_48372922"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_48372922 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="48372922"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48372922; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48372922]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_48372922").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_48372922").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="48372922"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">17</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1003" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Technology">Educational Technology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1003" type="text/json">{"id":1003,"name":"Educational Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Technology?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1681" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decision_Making">Decision Making</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1681" type="text/json">{"id":1681,"name":"Decision Making","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decision_Making?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13614" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conflict_Resolution">Conflict Resolution</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13614" type="text/json">{"id":13614,"name":"Conflict Resolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conflict_Resolution?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35254" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning">Collaborative Learning</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="35254" type="text/json">{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=48372922]'), work: {"id":48372922,"title":"A learner-centred approach to developing team skills through web-based learning and assessment","created_at":"2021-05-04T15:42:25.017-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/48372922/A_learner_centred_approach_to_developing_team_skills_through_web_based_learning_and_assessment?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_48372922","summary":"In traditional face-to-face classrooms, collaborative learning has been endorsed as an effective pedagogy that fosters skills of analysis, communication and higher order thinking. Increasingly, as online learning environments for tertiary learners make use of course support systems, there is greater recognition of the potential of communications technologies to foster dialogue, networking and team skills among learners. Such skills are now among the recognised core attributes that graduates are expected to develop. In face-toface classroom students learn the skills of collaboration and teamwork by engaging in tasks defined and supervised by a teacher. In online environments teacher presence is often limited to task definition, management and feedback functions. Team skills and collaboration therefore need to be supported though different pedagogies and processes such as establishing a climate of trust and openness, communication protocols, resolution of conflict and group processes that provide sanctions and support. In this paper we describe an innovative approach to building the skills of decision-making and conflict resolution, leadership and clarity in goal setting and communication. A case study of tertiary learners illustrates how the essential aspects of task definition, resources to support group learning and integrated online assessment foster team skills.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67019741,"asset_id":48372922,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":37408213,"first_name":"Joseph","last_name":"Luca","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JoeLuca","display_name":"Joseph Luca","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JoeLuca?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/37408213/12995830/14350783/s65_joe.luca.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1003,"name":"Educational Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Technology?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":1681,"name":"Decision Making","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decision_Making?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":13614,"name":"Conflict Resolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conflict_Resolution?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":45924,"name":"Web Based Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Web_Based_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":49355,"name":"Goal Setting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Goal_Setting?f_ri=35254"},{"id":55190,"name":"Communication Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communication_Technology?f_ri=35254"},{"id":69859,"name":"Face to Face","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Face_to_Face?f_ri=35254"},{"id":94837,"name":"Digital Media and Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Media_and_Learning-1?f_ri=35254"},{"id":96047,"name":"Case Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Case_Study?f_ri=35254"},{"id":131640,"name":"Student Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Student_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":165498,"name":"Online assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Online_assessment?f_ri=35254"},{"id":423195,"name":"Online Learning Environment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Online_Learning_Environment?f_ri=35254"},{"id":484878,"name":"Support Group","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Support_Group?f_ri=35254"},{"id":546617,"name":"Communication Protocol","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communication_Protocol?f_ri=35254"},{"id":1150983,"name":"Support System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Support_System?f_ri=35254"},{"id":2948559,"name":"Higher order","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Higher_order?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1449788" data-work_id="1449788" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1449788/An_intelligent_system_for_monitoring_and_supervising_lessons_in_LAMS">An intelligent system for monitoring and supervising lessons in LAMS</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In this paper, we present an intelligent agent system to support teachers in efficiently supervising learners and activities of lesson implementations in LAMS. It consists of an intelligent agent that has been designed to collect and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1449788" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In this paper, we present an intelligent agent system to support teachers in efficiently supervising learners and activities of lesson implementations in LAMS. It consists of an intelligent agent that has been designed to collect and process information from LAMS database about the interaction of learners with lesson's activities. The agent diagnoses conflicts in the learning process and produces awareness messages to teacher, learners and groups via a rule-based system. A notification agent intervenes in the learning process presenting the messages to the users of a lesson.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1449788" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="68c2bb63e0063a8be4a2cfcdc03dd71b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50960097,"asset_id":1449788,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50960097/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="699050" href="https://upatras.academia.edu/%CE%98%CE%AD%CE%BC%CE%B7%CF%82%CE%A7%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%82">Themistoklis Chronopoulos</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="699050" type="text/json">{"id":699050,"first_name":"Themistoklis","last_name":"Chronopoulos","domain_name":"upatras","page_name":"ΘέμηςΧρονόπουλος","display_name":"Themistoklis Chronopoulos","profile_url":"https://upatras.academia.edu/%CE%98%CE%AD%CE%BC%CE%B7%CF%82%CE%A7%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%82?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/699050/806458/1120616/s65_themistoklis.chronopoulos.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1449788 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1449788"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1449788, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1449788", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_1449788 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1449788; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_1449788"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_1449788 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="1449788"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1449788; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1449788]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_1449788").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_1449788").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1449788"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35254" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning">Collaborative Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="35254" type="text/json">{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="45872" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligent_Agent">Intelligent Agent</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="45872" type="text/json">{"id":45872,"name":"Intelligent Agent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligent_Agent?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="50895" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Software_Agents">Software Agents</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="50895" type="text/json">{"id":50895,"name":"Software Agents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Software_Agents?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="97585" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/User_interfaces">User interfaces</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="97585" type="text/json">{"id":97585,"name":"User interfaces","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/User_interfaces?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1449788]'), work: {"id":1449788,"title":"An intelligent system for monitoring and supervising lessons in LAMS","created_at":"2012-03-01T07:06:56.300-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1449788/An_intelligent_system_for_monitoring_and_supervising_lessons_in_LAMS?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_1449788","summary":"In this paper, we present an intelligent agent system to support teachers in efficiently supervising learners and activities of lesson implementations in LAMS. It consists of an intelligent agent that has been designed to collect and process information from LAMS database about the interaction of learners with lesson's activities. The agent diagnoses conflicts in the learning process and produces awareness messages to teacher, learners and groups via a rule-based system. A notification agent intervenes in the learning process presenting the messages to the users of a lesson.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50960097,"asset_id":1449788,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":699050,"first_name":"Themistoklis","last_name":"Chronopoulos","domain_name":"upatras","page_name":"ΘέμηςΧρονόπουλος","display_name":"Themistoklis Chronopoulos","profile_url":"https://upatras.academia.edu/%CE%98%CE%AD%CE%BC%CE%B7%CF%82%CE%A7%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%82?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/699050/806458/1120616/s65_themistoklis.chronopoulos.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":45872,"name":"Intelligent Agent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligent_Agent?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":50895,"name":"Software Agents","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Software_Agents?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":97585,"name":"User interfaces","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/User_interfaces?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":149213,"name":"Conference","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Conference?f_ri=35254"},{"id":205964,"name":"Intelligent Networking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligent_Networking?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_71932343" data-work_id="71932343" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/71932343/Global_Process_Design_Class_A_New_Paradigm_for_Higher_Education">Global Process Design Class: A New Paradigm for Higher Education</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">An innovative and interactive educational process is being developed in engi-neering classes at the University of Washington, using newly devised learn-ing strategies from industry and academia combined with a unique teaching approach:... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_71932343" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">An innovative and interactive educational process is being developed in engi-neering classes at the University of Washington, using newly devised learn-ing strategies from industry and academia combined with a unique teaching approach: integrated teams. The teams have evolved in such a way that they currently consist of professors and industry leaders as integrators and cata-lysts; senior graduate students and field specialists as facilitators; and other graduate, undergraduate, and continuing education students with diverse experiences and backgrounds. They are fused together through experiential learning and real life projects in which all are stakeholders and have a chance to influence their outcomes in real time. This non-traditional approach, based on “compete and collaborate ” learning principles, creates a dynamic learning environment by incorporating teaming concepts into teaching, learning, and facilitation. The evolving methodology of this alternative has been applied in s...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/71932343" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="161864727" href="https://skema.academia.edu/MAHAMOUDASALOUHOU">MAHAMOUDA SALOUHOU</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="161864727" type="text/json">{"id":161864727,"first_name":"MAHAMOUDA","last_name":"SALOUHOU","domain_name":"skema","page_name":"MAHAMOUDASALOUHOU","display_name":"MAHAMOUDA SALOUHOU","profile_url":"https://skema.academia.edu/MAHAMOUDASALOUHOU?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/161864727/78267852/66816517/s65_mahamouda.salouhou.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_71932343 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="71932343"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 71932343, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_71932343", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_71932343 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 71932343; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_71932343"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_71932343 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="71932343"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 71932343; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=71932343]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_71932343").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_71932343").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="71932343"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="72" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering">Chemical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="72" type="text/json">{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2621" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Higher_Education">Higher Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2621" type="text/json">{"id":2621,"name":"Higher Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Higher_Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9417" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/System_Integration">System Integration</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9417" type="text/json">{"id":9417,"name":"System Integration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/System_Integration?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="31525" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CONTINUING_EDUCATION">CONTINUING EDUCATION</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="31525" type="text/json">{"id":31525,"name":"CONTINUING EDUCATION","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CONTINUING_EDUCATION?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=71932343]'), work: {"id":71932343,"title":"Global Process Design Class: A New Paradigm for Higher Education","created_at":"2022-02-20T02:23:01.825-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/71932343/Global_Process_Design_Class_A_New_Paradigm_for_Higher_Education?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_71932343","summary":"An innovative and interactive educational process is being developed in engi-neering classes at the University of Washington, using newly devised learn-ing strategies from industry and academia combined with a unique teaching approach: integrated teams. The teams have evolved in such a way that they currently consist of professors and industry leaders as integrators and cata-lysts; senior graduate students and field specialists as facilitators; and other graduate, undergraduate, and continuing education students with diverse experiences and backgrounds. They are fused together through experiential learning and real life projects in which all are stakeholders and have a chance to influence their outcomes in real time. This non-traditional approach, based on “compete and collaborate ” learning principles, creates a dynamic learning environment by incorporating teaming concepts into teaching, learning, and facilitation. The evolving methodology of this alternative has been applied in s...","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":161864727,"first_name":"MAHAMOUDA","last_name":"SALOUHOU","domain_name":"skema","page_name":"MAHAMOUDASALOUHOU","display_name":"MAHAMOUDA SALOUHOU","profile_url":"https://skema.academia.edu/MAHAMOUDASALOUHOU?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/161864727/78267852/66816517/s65_mahamouda.salouhou.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":2621,"name":"Higher Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Higher_Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":9417,"name":"System Integration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/System_Integration?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":31525,"name":"CONTINUING EDUCATION","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CONTINUING_EDUCATION?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":50574,"name":"Experiential Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experiential_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":65647,"name":"Learning Environment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Learning_Environment?f_ri=35254"},{"id":99040,"name":"Process Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Process_Design?f_ri=35254"},{"id":111543,"name":"Team work","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Team_work?f_ri=35254"},{"id":116526,"name":"Graduate Student","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Graduate_Student?f_ri=35254"},{"id":229390,"name":"Real Time","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Real_Time?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37252310" data-work_id="37252310" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37252310/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%96%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%96%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%96%D7%9E%D7%9F_%D7%95%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%99%D7%93%D7%AA_%D7%98%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%92%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%A2%D7%9D_%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%AA_%D7%9B%D7%94%D7%9F_%D7%A9%D7%99_Music_Composition_and_real_time_improvisation_with_mobile_technology">קומפוזיציה‬ ‫מוזיקלית‬ ‫בזמן‬ ‫ואלתור‬ - ‫ניידת‬ ‫טכנולוגיה‬ ‫עם‬ ‫אמת‬ ‫כהן‬ ‫שי‬ Music Composition and real-time improvisation with mobile technology</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The aim of this research was to explore whether the use of mobile technology contributed to develop thinking skills, learning and musical performance. The population included students with a BA and MA degrees who participated in the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37252310" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The aim of this research was to explore whether the use of mobile technology contributed to develop thinking skills, learning and musical performance. The population included students with a BA and MA degrees who participated in the 'Composition and improvisation in real-time' course. They used technological-musical tools (Ableton Live and M4L), turning computer, tablet devices and smartphones into a 'laptop ensemble'. The research method included questionnaires that were given to students at the beginning and end of the course and in-depth interviews with students during and after the course. Findings indicated that the pedagogic model studied, which examined an innovative teaching-learning strategy, established digital-musical literacy and led to meaningful learning, while experiential experience during musical performance in the group.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37252310" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b765db0b45f74569458e50efad884001" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57205145,"asset_id":37252310,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57205145/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4815495" href="https://biu.academia.edu/shaicohen">shai cohen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4815495" type="text/json">{"id":4815495,"first_name":"shai","last_name":"cohen","domain_name":"biu","page_name":"shaicohen","display_name":"shai cohen","profile_url":"https://biu.academia.edu/shaicohen?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4815495/20270737/23391598/s65_shai.cohen.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37252310 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37252310"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37252310, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37252310", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_37252310 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37252310; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_37252310"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_37252310 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37252310"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37252310; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37252310]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37252310").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37252310").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37252310"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="472" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Computer_Interaction">Human Computer Interaction</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="472" type="text/json">{"id":472,"name":"Human Computer Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Computer_Interaction?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1018" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Music_Technology">Music Technology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1018" type="text/json">{"id":1018,"name":"Music Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Music_Technology?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15038" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Music_Technology_in_Music_Education">Music Technology in Music Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15038" type="text/json">{"id":15038,"name":"Music Technology in Music Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Music_Technology_in_Music_Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35254" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning">Collaborative Learning</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="35254" type="text/json">{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37252310]'), work: {"id":37252310,"title":"קומפוזיציה‬ ‫מוזיקלית‬ ‫בזמן‬ ‫ואלתור‬ - ‫ניידת‬ ‫טכנולוגיה‬ ‫עם‬ ‫אמת‬ ‫כהן‬ ‫שי‬ Music Composition and real-time improvisation with mobile technology","created_at":"2018-08-17T04:55:01.973-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37252310/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%96%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%96%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%96%D7%9E%D7%9F_%D7%95%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%99%D7%93%D7%AA_%D7%98%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%92%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%A2%D7%9D_%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%AA_%D7%9B%D7%94%D7%9F_%D7%A9%D7%99_Music_Composition_and_real_time_improvisation_with_mobile_technology?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_37252310","summary":"The aim of this research was to explore whether the use of mobile technology contributed to develop thinking skills, learning and musical performance. The population included students with a BA and MA degrees who participated in the 'Composition and improvisation in real-time' course. They used technological-musical tools (Ableton Live and M4L), turning computer, tablet devices and smartphones into a 'laptop ensemble'. The research method included questionnaires that were given to students at the beginning and end of the course and in-depth interviews with students during and after the course. Findings indicated that the pedagogic model studied, which examined an innovative teaching-learning strategy, established digital-musical literacy and led to meaningful learning, while experiential experience during musical performance in the group.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57205145,"asset_id":37252310,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4815495,"first_name":"shai","last_name":"cohen","domain_name":"biu","page_name":"shaicohen","display_name":"shai cohen","profile_url":"https://biu.academia.edu/shaicohen?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4815495/20270737/23391598/s65_shai.cohen.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":472,"name":"Human Computer Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Computer_Interaction?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":1018,"name":"Music Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Music_Technology?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":15038,"name":"Music Technology in Music Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Music_Technology_in_Music_Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":124094,"name":"Music and Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Music_and_Technology?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_512658" data-work_id="512658" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/512658/Web_based_learning_environments_WBLE_Current_implementation_and_evolving_trends_1">Web-based learning environments (WBLE): Current implementation and evolving trends* 1</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/512658" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1e1d15cf0d03b182229626fcdbb99b1b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51377477,"asset_id":512658,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51377477/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="150337" href="https://telaviv.academia.edu/DavidMioduser">David Mioduser</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="150337" type="text/json">{"id":150337,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Mioduser","domain_name":"telaviv","page_name":"DavidMioduser","display_name":"David Mioduser","profile_url":"https://telaviv.academia.edu/DavidMioduser?f_ri=35254","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_512658 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="512658"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 512658, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_512658", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_512658 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 512658; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_512658"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_512658 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="512658"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 512658; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=512658]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_512658").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_512658").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="512658"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35254" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning">Collaborative Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="35254" type="text/json">{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="41559" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Network">Network</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="41559" type="text/json">{"id":41559,"name":"Network","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Network?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="50027" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Learning_Community">Learning Community</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="50027" type="text/json">{"id":50027,"name":"Learning Community","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Learning_Community?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=512658]'), work: {"id":512658,"title":"Web-based learning environments (WBLE): Current implementation and evolving trends* 1","created_at":"2011-04-05T23:58:01.784-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/512658/Web_based_learning_environments_WBLE_Current_implementation_and_evolving_trends_1?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_512658","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51377477,"asset_id":512658,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":150337,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Mioduser","domain_name":"telaviv","page_name":"DavidMioduser","display_name":"David Mioduser","profile_url":"https://telaviv.academia.edu/DavidMioduser?f_ri=35254","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":41559,"name":"Network","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Network?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":50027,"name":"Learning Community","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Learning_Community?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_29906457" data-work_id="29906457" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29906457/Implementing_an_educational_platform_of_constructivist_learning_into_elementary_mathematics_classrooms">Implementing an educational platform of constructivist learning into elementary mathematics classrooms</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In Mexico, the conventional teaching approach, when applied specifically to elementary school, seems to fall short of attaining the overall quality objective. The main consequence of this problem is when teachers are not sure that their... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_29906457" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In Mexico, the conventional teaching approach, when applied specifically to elementary school, seems to fall short of attaining the overall quality objective. The main consequence of this problem is when teachers are not sure that their students really understand the dynamic nature of concepts and mechanism since an early age, particularly in elementary school. This paper presents a pedagogical/technological platform, based on constructivism ideas, as a means of making the learning process in elementary school more efficient and interesting. The constructivist platform presented here uses graphical simulators developed for Web 2.0 as a support tool, creating a teaching and learning environment in which practical experiments can be undertaken as each topic is introduced and explained.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/29906457" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="49ab909b349fcd676670fa3faa76884e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50369009,"asset_id":29906457,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50369009/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="56107284" href="https://ucm.academia.edu/IvanGarcia">Ivan Garcia</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="56107284" type="text/json">{"id":56107284,"first_name":"Ivan","last_name":"Garcia","domain_name":"ucm","page_name":"IvanGarcia","display_name":"Ivan Garcia","profile_url":"https://ucm.academia.edu/IvanGarcia?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/56107284/14772895/15579401/s65_ivan.garcia.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_29906457 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="29906457"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 29906457, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_29906457", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_29906457 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29906457; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_29906457"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_29906457 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="29906457"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29906457; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=29906457]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_29906457").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_29906457").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="29906457"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9491" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pedagogy">Pedagogy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9491" type="text/json">{"id":9491,"name":"Pedagogy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pedagogy?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35254" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning">Collaborative Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="35254" type="text/json">{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="752250" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constructivist_Theory">Constructivist Theory</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="752250" type="text/json">{"id":752250,"name":"Constructivist Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constructivist_Theory?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=29906457]'), work: {"id":29906457,"title":"Implementing an educational platform of constructivist learning into elementary mathematics classrooms","created_at":"2016-11-17T01:02:07.060-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/29906457/Implementing_an_educational_platform_of_constructivist_learning_into_elementary_mathematics_classrooms?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_29906457","summary":"In Mexico, the conventional teaching approach, when applied specifically to elementary school, seems to fall short of attaining the overall quality objective. The main consequence of this problem is when teachers are not sure that their students really understand the dynamic nature of concepts and mechanism since an early age, particularly in elementary school. This paper presents a pedagogical/technological platform, based on constructivism ideas, as a means of making the learning process in elementary school more efficient and interesting. The constructivist platform presented here uses graphical simulators developed for Web 2.0 as a support tool, creating a teaching and learning environment in which practical experiments can be undertaken as each topic is introduced and explained.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50369009,"asset_id":29906457,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":56107284,"first_name":"Ivan","last_name":"Garcia","domain_name":"ucm","page_name":"IvanGarcia","display_name":"Ivan Garcia","profile_url":"https://ucm.academia.edu/IvanGarcia?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/56107284/14772895/15579401/s65_ivan.garcia.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9491,"name":"Pedagogy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pedagogy?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":752250,"name":"Constructivist Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Constructivist_Theory?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6256334" data-work_id="6256334" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6256334/Mystery_in_the_museum_collaborative_learning_activities_using_handheld_devices">Mystery in the museum: collaborative learning activities using handheld devices</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In this paper, we describe the experience of designing a collaborative learning activity for a traditional historical/cultural museum. The activity, based on a "Mystery in the Museum" story, involves collaboration of small groups of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6256334" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In this paper, we describe the experience of designing a collaborative learning activity for a traditional historical/cultural museum. The activity, based on a "Mystery in the Museum" story, involves collaboration of small groups of students through mobile handheld devices. An application has been built that permits authoring of such activities, while a usability evaluation study was performed that revealed some of the limitations of the design. The reported findings can be of use to those interested in following similar approaches in cultural and educational settings, and draw conclusions of general interest relating to interaction and collaboration through mobile technology.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6256334" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="19466397c6fe80ee4c43455402dcdd64" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33113427,"asset_id":6256334,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33113427/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9642374" href="https://hs-pforzheim.academia.edu/JorgeCabrera">Jorge Cabrera</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9642374" type="text/json">{"id":9642374,"first_name":"Jorge","last_name":"Cabrera","domain_name":"hs-pforzheim","page_name":"JorgeCabrera","display_name":"Jorge Cabrera","profile_url":"https://hs-pforzheim.academia.edu/JorgeCabrera?f_ri=35254","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6256334 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6256334"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6256334, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6256334", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_6256334 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6256334; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_6256334"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_6256334 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="6256334"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6256334; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6256334]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6256334").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6256334").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6256334"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4198" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mobile_Technology">Mobile Technology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4198" type="text/json">{"id":4198,"name":"Mobile Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mobile_Technology?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35254" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning">Collaborative Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="35254" type="text/json">{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="71548" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Usability_Evaluation">Usability Evaluation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="71548" type="text/json">{"id":71548,"name":"Usability Evaluation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Usability_Evaluation?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="74026" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mobile_technologies">Mobile technologies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="74026" type="text/json">{"id":74026,"name":"Mobile technologies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mobile_technologies?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6256334]'), work: {"id":6256334,"title":"Mystery in the museum: collaborative learning activities using handheld devices","created_at":"2014-03-02T00:42:42.141-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6256334/Mystery_in_the_museum_collaborative_learning_activities_using_handheld_devices?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_6256334","summary":"In this paper, we describe the experience of designing a collaborative learning activity for a traditional historical/cultural museum. The activity, based on a \"Mystery in the Museum\" story, involves collaboration of small groups of students through mobile handheld devices. An application has been built that permits authoring of such activities, while a usability evaluation study was performed that revealed some of the limitations of the design. The reported findings can be of use to those interested in following similar approaches in cultural and educational settings, and draw conclusions of general interest relating to interaction and collaboration through mobile technology.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33113427,"asset_id":6256334,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9642374,"first_name":"Jorge","last_name":"Cabrera","domain_name":"hs-pforzheim","page_name":"JorgeCabrera","display_name":"Jorge Cabrera","profile_url":"https://hs-pforzheim.academia.edu/JorgeCabrera?f_ri=35254","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4198,"name":"Mobile Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mobile_Technology?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":71548,"name":"Usability Evaluation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Usability_Evaluation?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":74026,"name":"Mobile technologies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mobile_technologies?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":106165,"name":"Handheld Device Use","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Handheld_Device_Use?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_15364248" data-work_id="15364248" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/15364248/The_Williams_Review">The Williams Review</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">This brief article considers how the Williams Review of mathematics teaching might reinvigorate the case for collaborative working in the primary classroom</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/15364248" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="128831aba47f8255d598aefb87a6e775" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38657602,"asset_id":15364248,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38657602/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="13531564" href="https://nottingham.academia.edu/RupertKnight">Rupert Knight</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="13531564" type="text/json">{"id":13531564,"first_name":"Rupert","last_name":"Knight","domain_name":"nottingham","page_name":"RupertKnight","display_name":"Rupert Knight","profile_url":"https://nottingham.academia.edu/RupertKnight?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13531564/10086481/11253222/s65_rupert.knight.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_15364248 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="15364248"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 15364248, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_15364248", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_15364248 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15364248; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_15364248"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_15364248 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="15364248"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15364248; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=15364248]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_15364248").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_15364248").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="15364248"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2731" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics_Education">Mathematics Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2731" type="text/json">{"id":2731,"name":"Mathematics Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics_Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23876" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics_Education_at_Primary_Schools">Mathematics Education at Primary Schools</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23876" type="text/json">{"id":23876,"name":"Mathematics Education at Primary Schools","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics_Education_at_Primary_Schools?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35254" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning">Collaborative Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="35254" type="text/json">{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="386037" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Primary_School_Education">Primary School Education</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="386037" type="text/json">{"id":386037,"name":"Primary School Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Primary_School_Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=15364248]'), work: {"id":15364248,"title":"The Williams Review","created_at":"2015-09-03T08:00:26.293-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/15364248/The_Williams_Review?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_15364248","summary":"This brief article considers how the Williams Review of mathematics teaching might reinvigorate the case for collaborative working in the primary classroom","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38657602,"asset_id":15364248,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":13531564,"first_name":"Rupert","last_name":"Knight","domain_name":"nottingham","page_name":"RupertKnight","display_name":"Rupert Knight","profile_url":"https://nottingham.academia.edu/RupertKnight?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13531564/10086481/11253222/s65_rupert.knight.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2731,"name":"Mathematics Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics_Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":23876,"name":"Mathematics Education at Primary Schools","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics_Education_at_Primary_Schools?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":386037,"name":"Primary School Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Primary_School_Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_70665962" data-work_id="70665962" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/70665962/Constructing_Knowledge_An_experience_of_active_and_collaborative_learning_in_ICT_programs_Procedia_Social_and_Behavioral">Constructing Knowledge: An experience of active and collaborative learning in ICT programs. Procedia Social and Behavioral</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper reports on the impact of the implementation of active and collaborative practices in ICT (information and communication technologies) classrooms. Both of these approaches convey a lot of responsibility from the teacher to the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_70665962" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper reports on the impact of the implementation of active and collaborative practices in ICT (information and communication technologies) classrooms. Both of these approaches convey a lot of responsibility from the teacher to the students and the hoping, as backed up by the literature, is to promote deeper learning and reasoning skills at a higher level. The question is: how do you do all that? This research describes a specific environment that makes use of collaborative tools, like wikis and forums within an e-learning platform and of specific CRM (customer relationship management) software. In order to analyze how this learning environment gets learners actively involved in learning and working together in productive ways, students were surveyed by responding to questionnaires. Several cause-effect relations underlying the teaching-learning methodology and the students ’ performance are discussed. 1.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/70665962" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bd0c1fed2fef2bcdf2f88da39a21463a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":80321675,"asset_id":70665962,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/80321675/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="59157432" rel="nofollow" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DoraSim%C3%B5es">Dora Simões</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="59157432" type="text/json">{"id":59157432,"first_name":"Dora","last_name":"Simões","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DoraSimões","display_name":"Dora Simões","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DoraSim%C3%B5es?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/59157432/18644668/18605996/s65_dora.sim_es.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_70665962 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="70665962"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 70665962, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_70665962", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_70665962 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70665962; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_70665962"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_70665962 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70665962"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70665962; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70665962]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_70665962").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_70665962").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="70665962"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="221" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology">Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="221" type="text/json">{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="491" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Technology">Information Technology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="491" type="text/json">{"id":491,"name":"Information Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Technology?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1003" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Technology">Educational Technology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1003" type="text/json">{"id":1003,"name":"Educational Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Technology?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=70665962]'), work: {"id":70665962,"title":"Constructing Knowledge: An experience of active and collaborative learning in ICT programs. Procedia Social and Behavioral","created_at":"2022-02-06T02:04:52.821-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/70665962/Constructing_Knowledge_An_experience_of_active_and_collaborative_learning_in_ICT_programs_Procedia_Social_and_Behavioral?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_70665962","summary":"This paper reports on the impact of the implementation of active and collaborative practices in ICT (information and communication technologies) classrooms. Both of these approaches convey a lot of responsibility from the teacher to the students and the hoping, as backed up by the literature, is to promote deeper learning and reasoning skills at a higher level. The question is: how do you do all that? This research describes a specific environment that makes use of collaborative tools, like wikis and forums within an e-learning platform and of specific CRM (customer relationship management) software. In order to analyze how this learning environment gets learners actively involved in learning and working together in productive ways, students were surveyed by responding to questionnaires. Several cause-effect relations underlying the teaching-learning methodology and the students ’ performance are discussed. 1.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":80321675,"asset_id":70665962,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":59157432,"first_name":"Dora","last_name":"Simões","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DoraSimões","display_name":"Dora Simões","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DoraSim%C3%B5es?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/59157432/18644668/18605996/s65_dora.sim_es.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":491,"name":"Information Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Technology?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":1003,"name":"Educational Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Technology?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":1456,"name":"Portuguese","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Portuguese?f_ri=35254"},{"id":4803,"name":"Active Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Active_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":7099,"name":"Case Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Case_Studies?f_ri=35254"},{"id":10414,"name":"ICT","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ICT?f_ri=35254"},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":37753,"name":"Teaching","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching?f_ri=35254"},{"id":55439,"name":"Cooperative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cooperative_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":89488,"name":"Teaching Methods","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_Methods?f_ri=35254"},{"id":327850,"name":"Questionnaires","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Questionnaires?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30950108 coauthored" data-work_id="30950108" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30950108/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%96%D1%8F_%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F">Теорія та практика змішаного навчання</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">У монографії розкриті педагогічні аспекти змішаного навчання, наведена педагогічна технологія проектування змішаного навчання та різноманітні інформаційні технології для його підтримки. Звертається увага на методи формування критичного... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30950108" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">У монографії розкриті педагогічні аспекти змішаного навчання, наведена педагогічна технологія проектування змішаного навчання та різноманітні інформаційні технології для його підтримки. Звертається увага на методи формування критичного мислення у змішаному навчанні. Розглянуто ідею використання гейміфікації у змішаному навчанні. Наведені приклади використання змішаного навчання у середній школі, в університеті при вивченні технічних дисциплін. Розроблені науково-практичні рекомендації щодо застосування змішаного навчання в освіті. Призначено для керівників освіти, науково-педагогічних і педагогічних працівників вищих навчальних закладів, аспірантів та докторантів.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30950108" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="270a445911cc5fe9c5973a3fd4d3827a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51379504,"asset_id":30950108,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51379504/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="48051545" href="https://hnpu.academia.edu/TOleinik">Tatyana Oleinik</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="48051545" type="text/json">{"id":48051545,"first_name":"Tatyana","last_name":"Oleinik","domain_name":"hnpu","page_name":"TOleinik","display_name":"Tatyana Oleinik","profile_url":"https://hnpu.academia.edu/TOleinik?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/48051545/12656410/14078989/s65_tatyana.oleinik.jpg_oh_c43f4a124a87fbe451565ddbdf7244d8_oe_57baedc1"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-30950108">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-30950108"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://kharkiv.academia.edu/VladimirKukharenko">Vladimir N Kukharenko</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-30950108'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-30950108').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30950108 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30950108"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30950108, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30950108", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_30950108 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30950108; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_30950108"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_30950108 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="30950108"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30950108; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=30950108]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_30950108").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_30950108").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="30950108"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3161" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inquiry_Based_Learning">Inquiry Based Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3161" type="text/json">{"id":3161,"name":"Inquiry Based Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inquiry_Based_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3250" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Blended_E-Learning">Blended E-Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3250" type="text/json">{"id":3250,"name":"Blended E-Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Blended_E-Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3429" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Research">Educational Research</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3429" type="text/json">{"id":3429,"name":"Educational Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Research?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3668" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Student_Motivation_And_Engagement">Student Motivation And Engagement</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3668" type="text/json">{"id":3668,"name":"Student Motivation And Engagement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Student_Motivation_And_Engagement?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=30950108]'), work: {"id":30950108,"title":"Теорія та практика змішаного навчання","created_at":"2017-01-16T09:17:02.469-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/30950108/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%96%D1%8F_%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_30950108","summary":"У монографії розкриті педагогічні аспекти змішаного навчання, наведена педагогічна технологія проектування змішаного навчання та різноманітні інформаційні технології для його підтримки. Звертається увага на методи формування критичного мислення у змішаному навчанні. Розглянуто ідею використання гейміфікації у змішаному навчанні. Наведені приклади використання змішаного навчання у середній школі, в університеті при вивченні технічних дисциплін. Розроблені науково-практичні рекомендації щодо застосування змішаного навчання в освіті. Призначено для керівників освіти, науково-педагогічних і педагогічних працівників вищих навчальних закладів, аспірантів та докторантів.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51379504,"asset_id":30950108,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":48051545,"first_name":"Tatyana","last_name":"Oleinik","domain_name":"hnpu","page_name":"TOleinik","display_name":"Tatyana Oleinik","profile_url":"https://hnpu.academia.edu/TOleinik?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/48051545/12656410/14078989/s65_tatyana.oleinik.jpg_oh_c43f4a124a87fbe451565ddbdf7244d8_oe_57baedc1"},{"id":522422,"first_name":"Vladimir","last_name":"Kukharenko","domain_name":"kharkiv","page_name":"VladimirKukharenko","display_name":"Vladimir N Kukharenko","profile_url":"https://kharkiv.academia.edu/VladimirKukharenko?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/522422/184188/214683/s65_vladimir.kukharenko.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3161,"name":"Inquiry Based Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inquiry_Based_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":3250,"name":"Blended E-Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Blended_E-Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":3429,"name":"Educational Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Research?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":3668,"name":"Student Motivation And Engagement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Student_Motivation_And_Engagement?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":9246,"name":"Social Media","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Media?f_ri=35254"},{"id":11804,"name":"Authentic Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Authentic_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":22797,"name":"Critical Thinking and Creativity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Critical_Thinking_and_Creativity?f_ri=35254"},{"id":26144,"name":"Project-Based Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Project-Based_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":33112,"name":"Blended learning in higher education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Blended_learning_in_higher_education?f_ri=35254"},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":37607,"name":"Culturally Responsive Teaching and Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Culturally_Responsive_Teaching_and_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":60843,"name":"Reflective Teaching","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reflective_Teaching?f_ri=35254"},{"id":279114,"name":"Technology Enhanced Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology_Enhanced_Education?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5558751" data-work_id="5558751" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5558751/Teaching_Biochemistry_at_a_Minority_Serving_Institution_An_Evaluation_of_the_Role_of_Collaborative_Learning_as_a_Tool_for_Science_Mastery">Teaching Biochemistry at a Minority-Serving Institution: An Evaluation of the Role of Collaborative Learning as a Tool for Science Mastery</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Teaching chemistry particularly at a historically black college and university (HBCU) involves understanding and being aware of the cultural and intellectual diversity of the class. Therefore, it is imperative that instructional... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_5558751" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Teaching chemistry particularly at a historically black college and university (HBCU) involves understanding and being aware of the cultural and intellectual diversity of the class. Therefore, it is imperative that instructional methodologies include creative and alternative pedagogical approaches that enhance student performance. Collaborative learning strategies were used to transform a failing biochemistry class into motivated, critical thinkers whose interest in research careers were enhanced through this process. Through collaborative learning we have decreased failing rates by 50% on biochemistry examinations. Attrition rates have dropped drastically and there has been a remarkable improvement on the final examination, which includes the ACS biochemistry examination, by 18% over two years. This collaborative approach has changed the way that students study chemistry and the way that instruction is delivered.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5558751" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bc745356be72dc3d76f4b79d43b08db2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49243088,"asset_id":5558751,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49243088/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7896257" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AngelaPeters1">Angela Peters</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7896257" type="text/json">{"id":7896257,"first_name":"Angela","last_name":"Peters","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AngelaPeters1","display_name":"Angela Peters","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AngelaPeters1?f_ri=35254","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5558751 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5558751"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5558751, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5558751", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_5558751 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5558751; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_5558751"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_5558751 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="5558751"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 5558751; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5558751]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_5558751").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_5558751").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="5558751"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="145" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry">Biochemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="145" type="text/json">{"id":145,"name":"Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="853" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Education">Chemical Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="853" type="text/json">{"id":853,"name":"Chemical Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="922" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education">Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="922" type="text/json">{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35254" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning">Collaborative Learning</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="35254" type="text/json">{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=5558751]'), work: {"id":5558751,"title":"Teaching Biochemistry at a Minority-Serving Institution: An Evaluation of the Role of Collaborative Learning as a Tool for Science Mastery","created_at":"2013-12-30T00:55:40.461-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/5558751/Teaching_Biochemistry_at_a_Minority_Serving_Institution_An_Evaluation_of_the_Role_of_Collaborative_Learning_as_a_Tool_for_Science_Mastery?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_5558751","summary":"Teaching chemistry particularly at a historically black college and university (HBCU) involves understanding and being aware of the cultural and intellectual diversity of the class. Therefore, it is imperative that instructional methodologies include creative and alternative pedagogical approaches that enhance student performance. Collaborative learning strategies were used to transform a failing biochemistry class into motivated, critical thinkers whose interest in research careers were enhanced through this process. Through collaborative learning we have decreased failing rates by 50% on biochemistry examinations. Attrition rates have dropped drastically and there has been a remarkable improvement on the final examination, which includes the ACS biochemistry examination, by 18% over two years. This collaborative approach has changed the way that students study chemistry and the way that instruction is delivered.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49243088,"asset_id":5558751,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7896257,"first_name":"Angela","last_name":"Peters","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AngelaPeters1","display_name":"Angela Peters","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AngelaPeters1?f_ri=35254","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":145,"name":"Biochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":853,"name":"Chemical Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":55439,"name":"Cooperative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cooperative_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":89488,"name":"Teaching Methods","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_Methods?f_ri=35254"},{"id":104446,"name":"Academic achievement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Academic_achievement?f_ri=35254"},{"id":260118,"name":"CHEMICAL SCIENCES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CHEMICAL_SCIENCES?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_77063045" data-work_id="77063045" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/77063045/Using_Epistemic_Network_Analysis_to_Examine_Discourse_and_Scientific_Practice_During_a_Collaborative_Game">Using Epistemic Network Analysis to Examine Discourse and Scientific Practice During a Collaborative Game</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">According to the National Research Council, the ability to collaboratively solve problems is of the utmost importance in scientific careers, yet students are not exposed to learning experiences that promote such expertise. Recent studies... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_77063045" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">According to the National Research Council, the ability to collaboratively solve problems is of the utmost importance in scientific careers, yet students are not exposed to learning experiences that promote such expertise. Recent studies have found that interdependent roles used within collaborative mobile games are an effective way to scaffold collaborative problem solving. School Scene Investigators: The Case of the Mystery Powder, a collaborative mobile game, incorporated interdependent roles in order to foster collaborative problem solving and promote scientific practice. Using epistemic network analysis (ENA), this study examined the conversational discourse of game teams to determine what connections exist between communication responses, language style, and scientific practice. Data included audio transcripts of three teams that played through the game. Transcripts were qualitatively coded for five types of scientific practice aligned to the National Research Council framework for K-12 science education, three types of communication responses (accept/discuss/reject), and an emergent language style (communal). ENA revealed that students developed scientific practices during gameplay. ENA also identified engaged communication responses and communal language style as two types of collaborative discourse used within School Scene Investigators: The Case of the Mystery Powder that fostered key linkages to effective data analysis and interpretation.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/77063045" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="faf84f9fc1794618b89360df3ae41366" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":84562340,"asset_id":77063045,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84562340/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="656933" href="https://ets.academia.edu/DeniseBressler">Denise Bressler</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="656933" type="text/json">{"id":656933,"first_name":"Denise","last_name":"Bressler","domain_name":"ets","page_name":"DeniseBressler","display_name":"Denise Bressler","profile_url":"https://ets.academia.edu/DeniseBressler?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/656933/425636/56650152/s65_denise.bressler.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_77063045 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="77063045"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 77063045, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_77063045", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_77063045 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77063045; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_77063045"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_77063045 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="77063045"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77063045; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77063045]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_77063045").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_77063045").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="77063045"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="184" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology">Sociology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="184" type="text/json">{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1736" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Science_Education">Science Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1736" type="text/json">{"id":1736,"name":"Science Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Science_Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4198" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mobile_Technology">Mobile Technology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4198" type="text/json">{"id":4198,"name":"Mobile Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mobile_Technology?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8668" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Supported_Collaborative_Learning_CSCL">Computer Supported Collaborative Learning CSCL</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="8668" type="text/json">{"id":8668,"name":"Computer Supported Collaborative Learning CSCL","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Supported_Collaborative_Learning_CSCL?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=77063045]'), work: {"id":77063045,"title":"Using Epistemic Network Analysis to Examine Discourse and Scientific Practice During a Collaborative Game","created_at":"2022-04-20T05:01:23.621-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/77063045/Using_Epistemic_Network_Analysis_to_Examine_Discourse_and_Scientific_Practice_During_a_Collaborative_Game?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_77063045","summary":"According to the National Research Council, the ability to collaboratively solve problems is of the utmost importance in scientific careers, yet students are not exposed to learning experiences that promote such expertise. Recent studies have found that interdependent roles used within collaborative mobile games are an effective way to scaffold collaborative problem solving. School Scene Investigators: The Case of the Mystery Powder, a collaborative mobile game, incorporated interdependent roles in order to foster collaborative problem solving and promote scientific practice. Using epistemic network analysis (ENA), this study examined the conversational discourse of game teams to determine what connections exist between communication responses, language style, and scientific practice. Data included audio transcripts of three teams that played through the game. Transcripts were qualitatively coded for five types of scientific practice aligned to the National Research Council framework for K-12 science education, three types of communication responses (accept/discuss/reject), and an emergent language style (communal). ENA revealed that students developed scientific practices during gameplay. ENA also identified engaged communication responses and communal language style as two types of collaborative discourse used within School Scene Investigators: The Case of the Mystery Powder that fostered key linkages to effective data analysis and interpretation.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":84562340,"asset_id":77063045,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":656933,"first_name":"Denise","last_name":"Bressler","domain_name":"ets","page_name":"DeniseBressler","display_name":"Denise Bressler","profile_url":"https://ets.academia.edu/DeniseBressler?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/656933/425636/56650152/s65_denise.bressler.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":184,"name":"Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociology?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":1736,"name":"Science Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Science_Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":4198,"name":"Mobile Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mobile_Technology?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":8668,"name":"Computer Supported Collaborative Learning CSCL","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Supported_Collaborative_Learning_CSCL?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":10641,"name":"Game Based Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Game_Based_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":41030,"name":"Mobile Augmented Reality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mobile_Augmented_Reality?f_ri=35254"},{"id":274163,"name":"Science and Technology Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Science_and_Technology_Education?f_ri=35254"},{"id":508371,"name":"Curriculum and Pedagogy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Curriculum_and_Pedagogy?f_ri=35254"},{"id":3372255,"name":"Epistemic Network Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epistemic_Network_Analysis?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1984313" data-work_id="1984313" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1984313/Managing_Deviant_Behavior_in_Online_Communities">Managing Deviant Behavior in Online Communities</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Wherever groups of people gather, norms for appropriate behavior emerge, and some people chose to violate those norms. What is an exercise of free speech to one person, to another is disruptive, harassing, racist, or worse. For groups... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1984313" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Wherever groups of people gather, norms for appropriate behavior emerge, and some people chose to violate those norms. What is an exercise of free speech to one person, to another is disruptive, harassing, racist, or worse. For groups that communicate online, a range of technical and social mechanisms are available to help create a climate conducive to meeting the group's stated mission. How do designers of online systems decide what kind of conduct is acceptable? How are these expectations communicated to members? How can designers help prevent and manage deviant behavior? What are the implications of corporate control of content for ideals of free expression? This panel brings together experts from media theory, computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL), computer-supported cooperative work (CSCW), and online entertainment to explore current issues in this complex research area.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1984313" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d9700b1b2369e3f10803a4e2e2abdd8c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62193512,"asset_id":1984313,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62193512/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2585661" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JanetSternberg">Janet Sternberg</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2585661" type="text/json">{"id":2585661,"first_name":"Janet","last_name":"Sternberg","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JanetSternberg","display_name":"Janet Sternberg","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JanetSternberg?f_ri=35254","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1984313 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1984313"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1984313, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1984313", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_1984313 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1984313; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_1984313"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_1984313 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="1984313"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1984313; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1984313]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_1984313").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_1984313").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1984313"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5969" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Supported_Collaborative_Learning">Computer Supported Collaborative Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5969" type="text/json">{"id":5969,"name":"Computer Supported Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Supported_Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35254" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning">Collaborative Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="35254" type="text/json">{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="62216" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Norms">Norms</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="62216" type="text/json">{"id":62216,"name":"Norms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Norms?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="78814" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Socio_technical_systems">Socio technical systems</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="78814" type="text/json">{"id":78814,"name":"Socio technical systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Socio_technical_systems?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1984313]'), work: {"id":1984313,"title":"Managing Deviant Behavior in Online Communities","created_at":"2012-10-01T00:53:28.115-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1984313/Managing_Deviant_Behavior_in_Online_Communities?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_1984313","summary":"Wherever groups of people gather, norms for appropriate behavior emerge, and some people chose to violate those norms. What is an exercise of free speech to one person, to another is disruptive, harassing, racist, or worse. For groups that communicate online, a range of technical and social mechanisms are available to help create a climate conducive to meeting the group's stated mission. How do designers of online systems decide what kind of conduct is acceptable? How are these expectations communicated to members? How can designers help prevent and manage deviant behavior? What are the implications of corporate control of content for ideals of free expression? This panel brings together experts from media theory, computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL), computer-supported cooperative work (CSCW), and online entertainment to explore current issues in this complex research area.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":62193512,"asset_id":1984313,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2585661,"first_name":"Janet","last_name":"Sternberg","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JanetSternberg","display_name":"Janet Sternberg","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JanetSternberg?f_ri=35254","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5969,"name":"Computer Supported Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Supported_Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":62216,"name":"Norms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Norms?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":78814,"name":"Socio technical systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Socio_technical_systems?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":186266,"name":"Online Community","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Online_Community?f_ri=35254"},{"id":244961,"name":"Deviant Behavior","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Deviant_Behavior?f_ri=35254"},{"id":370326,"name":"Computer Supported Cooperative Work","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Supported_Cooperative_Work?f_ri=35254"},{"id":851044,"name":"Computer Human Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Human_Interaction?f_ri=35254"},{"id":971218,"name":"Corporate Control","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corporate_Control?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_42782642" data-work_id="42782642" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42782642/KEYNOTE_On_Listening_to_Holocaust_Survivors_Beyond_Testimony_">KEYNOTE: "On Listening to Holocaust Survivors: Beyond Testimony"</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Keynote delivered for "Holocaust Remembrance and Representation," a conference to aid planning for the first Holocaust museum in Sweden. This is a concise and, I think, quite accessible summary of a way of engaging Holocaust survivors... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_42782642" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Keynote delivered for "Holocaust Remembrance and Representation," a conference to aid planning for the first Holocaust museum in Sweden.  This is a concise and, I think, quite accessible summary of a way of engaging Holocaust survivors and their accounts that differs from the conventional "testimony" model.  Based on nearly fifty years of work with survivors, the approach described here is grounded in multiple interviews (sometimes over years), deepening conversation, sustained exploration rather than simply declaration ("this I witnessed"), and collaborative intepretation and reflection.  Real relationships matter in what, how, and whether survivors retell ("learning together" as one survivor put it).  That approach also impacts whether survivors and their recounting live on in _other_ conversations which, the talk argues, is the only earthly way any of us live on.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42782642" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="df7506027e109d6c6a1728d532577534" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63007390,"asset_id":42782642,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63007390/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="12927713" href="https://umich.academia.edu/HenryGreenspan">Henry Greenspan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="12927713" type="text/json">{"id":12927713,"first_name":"Henry","last_name":"Greenspan","domain_name":"umich","page_name":"HenryGreenspan","display_name":"Henry Greenspan","profile_url":"https://umich.academia.edu/HenryGreenspan?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/12927713/28295721/26485103/s65_henry.greenspan.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42782642 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42782642"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42782642, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42782642", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_42782642 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42782642; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_42782642"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_42782642 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42782642"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42782642; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42782642]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_42782642").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_42782642").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="42782642"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">18</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="850" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Testimony">Testimony</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="850" type="text/json">{"id":850,"name":"Testimony","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Testimony?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1657" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Museum_Studies">Museum Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1657" type="text/json">{"id":1657,"name":"Museum Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Museum_Studies?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3136" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Qualitative_methodology">Qualitative methodology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3136" type="text/json">{"id":3136,"name":"Qualitative methodology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Qualitative_methodology?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3412" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_History">Public History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3412" type="text/json">{"id":3412,"name":"Public History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_History?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=42782642]'), work: {"id":42782642,"title":"KEYNOTE: \"On Listening to Holocaust Survivors: Beyond Testimony\"","created_at":"2020-04-19T00:14:23.366-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/42782642/KEYNOTE_On_Listening_to_Holocaust_Survivors_Beyond_Testimony_?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_42782642","summary":"Keynote delivered for \"Holocaust Remembrance and Representation,\" a conference to aid planning for the first Holocaust museum in Sweden. This is a concise and, I think, quite accessible summary of a way of engaging Holocaust survivors and their accounts that differs from the conventional \"testimony\" model. Based on nearly fifty years of work with survivors, the approach described here is grounded in multiple interviews (sometimes over years), deepening conversation, sustained exploration rather than simply declaration (\"this I witnessed\"), and collaborative intepretation and reflection. Real relationships matter in what, how, and whether survivors retell (\"learning together\" as one survivor put it). That approach also impacts whether survivors and their recounting live on in _other_ conversations which, the talk argues, is the only earthly way any of us live on. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63007390,"asset_id":42782642,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":12927713,"first_name":"Henry","last_name":"Greenspan","domain_name":"umich","page_name":"HenryGreenspan","display_name":"Henry Greenspan","profile_url":"https://umich.academia.edu/HenryGreenspan?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/12927713/28295721/26485103/s65_henry.greenspan.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":850,"name":"Testimony","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Testimony?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":1657,"name":"Museum Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Museum_Studies?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":3136,"name":"Qualitative methodology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Qualitative_methodology?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":3412,"name":"Public History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_History?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":6337,"name":"Oral history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_history?f_ri=35254"},{"id":11452,"name":"Memory Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Memory_Studies?f_ri=35254"},{"id":12742,"name":"Holocaust Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Holocaust_Studies?f_ri=35254"},{"id":14533,"name":"In-depth Interviews","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/In-depth_Interviews?f_ri=35254"},{"id":27395,"name":"Swedish History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Swedish_History?f_ri=35254"},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":35686,"name":"Trauma","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trauma?f_ri=35254"},{"id":44814,"name":"Sweden","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sweden?f_ri=35254"},{"id":45289,"name":"Teaching Listening","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_Listening?f_ri=35254"},{"id":49664,"name":"Oral History and Memory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_History_and_Memory?f_ri=35254"},{"id":77293,"name":"Holocaust and Genocide Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Holocaust_and_Genocide_Studies?f_ri=35254"},{"id":98095,"name":"Epistemology of Testimony","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epistemology_of_Testimony?f_ri=35254"},{"id":258923,"name":"Memory and Eye Witness Testimony","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Memory_and_Eye_Witness_Testimony?f_ri=35254"},{"id":1003963,"name":"History of Holocaust Survivors In the Aftermath of World War II","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Holocaust_Survivors_In_the_Aftermath_of_World_War_II?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_41914393" data-work_id="41914393" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41914393/Teaching_qualitative_research_in_8_days_An_intensive_hands_on_student_centered_approach">Teaching qualitative research in 8 days: An intensive, hands-on, student-centered approach</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Imagine that you have eight days to teach introduction to qualitative research. What would you include? How would you present the basics? Which readings would you require? How would you keep your students attention throughout each 6-hour... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_41914393" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Imagine that you have eight days to teach introduction to qualitative research. What would you include? How would you present the basics? Which readings would you require? How would you keep your students attention throughout each 6-hour day? The challenges of such a condensed course can be stifling but the potential is immense. In this presentation, I discuss the ways in which I engaged a class of first semester graduate students in an intensive hands-on, student-centered course in qualitative research. Outcomes of the class included four student researched small case studies, one student-faculty international conference presentation, and the development of a student-faculty journal publication. While these outcomes help to demonstrate an overall level of comprehension, I continue to think about the class as a whole. This presentation seeks to open discussion on the topic of teaching pedagogy within qualitative research in general and on student knowledge retention in particular.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41914393" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="41881f482593501b865dbac8c78e57b5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62040653,"asset_id":41914393,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62040653/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="213745" href="https://nord.academia.edu/AnnaCohenMiller">Anna S . CohenMiller</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="213745" type="text/json">{"id":213745,"first_name":"Anna","last_name":"CohenMiller","domain_name":"nord","page_name":"AnnaCohenMiller","display_name":"Anna S . CohenMiller","profile_url":"https://nord.academia.edu/AnnaCohenMiller?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/213745/48982/134000820/s65_anna.cohenmiller.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_41914393 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41914393"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41914393, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41914393", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_41914393 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41914393; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_41914393"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_41914393 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="41914393"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41914393; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=41914393]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_41914393").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_41914393").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="41914393"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3457" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Learning_and_Teaching">Learning and Teaching</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3457" type="text/json">{"id":3457,"name":"Learning and Teaching","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Learning_and_Teaching?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5957" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Student_Centered_Learning">Student Centered Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5957" type="text/json">{"id":5957,"name":"Student Centered Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Student_Centered_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9141" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Research_Informed_Teaching">Research Informed Teaching</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9141" type="text/json">{"id":9141,"name":"Research Informed Teaching","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Research_Informed_Teaching?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9491" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pedagogy">Pedagogy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9491" type="text/json">{"id":9491,"name":"Pedagogy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pedagogy?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=41914393]'), work: {"id":41914393,"title":"Teaching qualitative research in 8 days: An intensive, hands-on, student-centered approach","created_at":"2020-02-08T23:41:24.137-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/41914393/Teaching_qualitative_research_in_8_days_An_intensive_hands_on_student_centered_approach?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_41914393","summary":"Imagine that you have eight days to teach introduction to qualitative research. What would you include? How would you present the basics? Which readings would you require? How would you keep your students attention throughout each 6-hour day? The challenges of such a condensed course can be stifling but the potential is immense. In this presentation, I discuss the ways in which I engaged a class of first semester graduate students in an intensive hands-on, student-centered course in qualitative research. Outcomes of the class included four student researched small case studies, one student-faculty international conference presentation, and the development of a student-faculty journal publication. While these outcomes help to demonstrate an overall level of comprehension, I continue to think about the class as a whole. This presentation seeks to open discussion on the topic of teaching pedagogy within qualitative research in general and on student knowledge retention in particular.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":62040653,"asset_id":41914393,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":213745,"first_name":"Anna","last_name":"CohenMiller","domain_name":"nord","page_name":"AnnaCohenMiller","display_name":"Anna S . CohenMiller","profile_url":"https://nord.academia.edu/AnnaCohenMiller?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/213745/48982/134000820/s65_anna.cohenmiller.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3457,"name":"Learning and Teaching","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Learning_and_Teaching?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":5957,"name":"Student Centered Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Student_Centered_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":9141,"name":"Research Informed Teaching","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Research_Informed_Teaching?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":9491,"name":"Pedagogy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pedagogy?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":12135,"name":"Qualitative Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Qualitative_Research?f_ri=35254"},{"id":15869,"name":"Online Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Online_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":24832,"name":"Blended Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Blended_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":27898,"name":"Backward design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Backward_design?f_ri=35254"},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":295014,"name":"Flipped Classroom","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flipped_Classroom?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38428650" data-work_id="38428650" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38428650/Escriptura_i_perspectiva_L%C3%BAs_de_diverses_fonts_quan_escrivim_sobre_fets_hist%C3%B2rics">Escriptura i perspectiva. L'ús de diverses fonts quan escrivim sobre fets històrics</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Link: <a href="https://www.grao.com/es/producto/escriptura-i-perspectiva-ar07380315" rel="nofollow">https://www.grao.com/es/producto/escriptura-i-perspectiva-ar07380315</a> En escriure sobre textos històrics, pot ser profitós manejar fonts diverses. Això invita a mirar el contingut dels orígens de la informació trobada des d’una... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38428650" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Link: <a href="https://www.grao.com/es/producto/escriptura-i-perspectiva-ar07380315" rel="nofollow">https://www.grao.com/es/producto/escriptura-i-perspectiva-ar07380315</a> <br /> <br />En escriure sobre textos històrics, pot ser profitós manejar fonts diverses. Això invita a mirar el contingut dels orígens de la informació trobada des d’una perspectiva que introdueix la complexitat i que obliga a pensar, cosa que implica formular lingüísticament el que es pensa. D’aquí a la reflexió metalingüística sobre el text i sobre la situació comunicativa només hi ha un pas. Mostrarem de quina manera això s’esdevé a partir de l’experimentació amb una seqüència didàctica en una aula de quart d’ESO.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38428650" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a92c7250ca1819258355c4108211f7c6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58488462,"asset_id":38428650,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58488462/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1720364" href="https://uv.academia.edu/AinaReig">Aina Reig</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1720364" type="text/json">{"id":1720364,"first_name":"Aina","last_name":"Reig","domain_name":"uv","page_name":"AinaReig","display_name":"Aina Reig","profile_url":"https://uv.academia.edu/AinaReig?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1720364/1483728/3750301/s65_aina.reig.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38428650 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38428650"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38428650, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38428650", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_38428650 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38428650; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_38428650"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_38428650 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38428650"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38428650; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38428650]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38428650").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38428650").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38428650"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4738" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Academic_Writing">Academic Writing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4738" type="text/json">{"id":4738,"name":"Academic Writing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Academic_Writing?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35254" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning">Collaborative Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="35254" type="text/json">{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="52692" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Written_Language">Written Language</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="52692" type="text/json">{"id":52692,"name":"Written Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Written_Language?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="405523" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reading-To-Write">Reading-To-Write</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="405523" type="text/json">{"id":405523,"name":"Reading-To-Write","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reading-To-Write?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38428650]'), work: {"id":38428650,"title":"Escriptura i perspectiva. L'ús de diverses fonts quan escrivim sobre fets històrics","created_at":"2019-02-24T03:58:28.989-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38428650/Escriptura_i_perspectiva_L%C3%BAs_de_diverses_fonts_quan_escrivim_sobre_fets_hist%C3%B2rics?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_38428650","summary":"Link: https://www.grao.com/es/producto/escriptura-i-perspectiva-ar07380315\r\n\r\nEn escriure sobre textos històrics, pot ser profitós manejar fonts diverses. Això invita a mirar el contingut dels orígens de la informació trobada des d’una perspectiva que introdueix la complexitat i que obliga a pensar, cosa que implica formular lingüísticament el que es pensa. D’aquí a la reflexió metalingüística sobre el text i sobre la situació comunicativa només hi ha un pas. Mostrarem de quina manera això s’esdevé a partir de l’experimentació amb una seqüència didàctica en una aula de quart d’ESO.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58488462,"asset_id":38428650,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1720364,"first_name":"Aina","last_name":"Reig","domain_name":"uv","page_name":"AinaReig","display_name":"Aina Reig","profile_url":"https://uv.academia.edu/AinaReig?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1720364/1483728/3750301/s65_aina.reig.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4738,"name":"Academic Writing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Academic_Writing?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":52692,"name":"Written Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Written_Language?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":405523,"name":"Reading-To-Write","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reading-To-Write?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":1317990,"name":"Writing From Multiple Sources","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Writing_From_Multiple_Sources?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37899997" data-work_id="37899997" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37899997/Improving_a_newly_adapted_teaching_and_learning_approach_Collaborative_Learning_Cases_using_an_action_research">Improving a newly adapted teaching and learning approach: Collaborative Learning Cases using an action research</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Although medical curricula are now better structured for integration of biomedical sciences and clinical training, most teaching and learning activities still follow the older teacher-centric discipline-specific formats. A newer... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37899997" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Although medical curricula are now better structured for integration of biomedical sciences and clinical training, most teaching and learning activities still follow the older teacher-centric discipline-specific formats. A newer pedagogical approach, known as Collaborative Learning Cases (CLCs), was adopted in the medical school to facilitate integration and collaborative learning. Before incorporating CLCs into the curriculum of year 1 students, two pilot runs using the action research method was carried out to improve the design of CLCs. Methods: We employed the four-phase Kemmis and McTaggart's action research spiral in two cycles to improve the design of CLCs. A class of 300 first-year medical students (for both cycles), 11 tutors (first cycle), and 16 tutors (second cycle) were involved in this research. Data was collected using the 5-points Likert scale survey, open-ended questionnaire, and observation. Results: From the data collected, we learned that more effort was required to train the tutors to understand the principles of CLCs and their role in the CLCs sessions. Although action research enables the faculty to improve the design of CLCs, finding the right technology tools to support collaboration and enhance learning during the CLCs remains a challenge. Conclusion: The two cycles of action research was effective in helping us design a better learning environment during the CLCs by clarifying tutors' roles, improving group and time management, and meaningful use of technology.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37899997" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="650c4cf80c7cf4ea3409534933e19198" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57909749,"asset_id":37899997,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57909749/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="17546025" href="https://nus.academia.edu/DujeepaSamarasekera">Dujeepa D Samarasekera</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="17546025" type="text/json">{"id":17546025,"first_name":"Dujeepa","last_name":"Samarasekera","domain_name":"nus","page_name":"DujeepaSamarasekera","display_name":"Dujeepa D Samarasekera","profile_url":"https://nus.academia.edu/DujeepaSamarasekera?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/17546025/4879729/27485110/s65_dujeepa.samarasekera.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37899997 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37899997"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37899997, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37899997", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_37899997 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37899997; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_37899997"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_37899997 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37899997"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37899997; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37899997]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37899997").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37899997").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37899997"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1716" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Action_Research">Action Research</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1716" type="text/json">{"id":1716,"name":"Action Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Action_Research?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3457" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Learning_and_Teaching">Learning and Teaching</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3457" type="text/json">{"id":3457,"name":"Learning and Teaching","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Learning_and_Teaching?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4455" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Education">Medical Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4455" type="text/json">{"id":4455,"name":"Medical Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8582" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Small_group_Processes">Small group Processes</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="8582" type="text/json">{"id":8582,"name":"Small group Processes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Small_group_Processes?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37899997]'), work: {"id":37899997,"title":"Improving a newly adapted teaching and learning approach: Collaborative Learning Cases using an action research","created_at":"2018-12-03T00:37:59.846-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37899997/Improving_a_newly_adapted_teaching_and_learning_approach_Collaborative_Learning_Cases_using_an_action_research?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_37899997","summary":"Although medical curricula are now better structured for integration of biomedical sciences and clinical training, most teaching and learning activities still follow the older teacher-centric discipline-specific formats. A newer pedagogical approach, known as Collaborative Learning Cases (CLCs), was adopted in the medical school to facilitate integration and collaborative learning. Before incorporating CLCs into the curriculum of year 1 students, two pilot runs using the action research method was carried out to improve the design of CLCs. Methods: We employed the four-phase Kemmis and McTaggart's action research spiral in two cycles to improve the design of CLCs. A class of 300 first-year medical students (for both cycles), 11 tutors (first cycle), and 16 tutors (second cycle) were involved in this research. Data was collected using the 5-points Likert scale survey, open-ended questionnaire, and observation. Results: From the data collected, we learned that more effort was required to train the tutors to understand the principles of CLCs and their role in the CLCs sessions. Although action research enables the faculty to improve the design of CLCs, finding the right technology tools to support collaboration and enhance learning during the CLCs remains a challenge. Conclusion: The two cycles of action research was effective in helping us design a better learning environment during the CLCs by clarifying tutors' roles, improving group and time management, and meaningful use of technology.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57909749,"asset_id":37899997,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":17546025,"first_name":"Dujeepa","last_name":"Samarasekera","domain_name":"nus","page_name":"DujeepaSamarasekera","display_name":"Dujeepa D Samarasekera","profile_url":"https://nus.academia.edu/DujeepaSamarasekera?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/17546025/4879729/27485110/s65_dujeepa.samarasekera.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1716,"name":"Action Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Action_Research?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":3457,"name":"Learning and Teaching","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Learning_and_Teaching?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":4455,"name":"Medical Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":8582,"name":"Small group Processes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Small_group_Processes?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":11766,"name":"Case Based (Active Learning)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Case_Based_Active_Learning_?f_ri=35254"},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":96047,"name":"Case Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Case_Study?f_ri=35254"},{"id":141895,"name":"Health Professions Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Professions_Education?f_ri=35254"},{"id":143903,"name":"case-based learning; collaborative learning; PBL","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/case-based_learning_collaborative_learning_PBL?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_31133816" data-work_id="31133816" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31133816/A_longitudinal_study_of_alternative_approaches_to_engineering_education_survey_of_assessment_results">A longitudinal study of alternative approaches to engineering education: survey of assessment results</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In the fall of 1990 we began a longitudinal study of a cohort of students enrolled in the introductory chemical engineering course. One of us (RMF) taught these students in a sequence of five chemical engineering courses in five... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_31133816" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In the fall of 1990 we began a longitudinal study of a cohort of students enrolled in the introductory chemical engineering course. One of us (RMF) taught these students in a sequence of five chemical engineering courses in five consecutive semesters, using a variety of instructional methods including extensive collaborative (team-based) learning, routine assignment of open-ended problems and problem formulation exercises, and other techniques designed to address the spectrum of learning styles found in all engineering classes. The students enrolled in the introductory course in the Fall 1992 semester were designated as a comparison group. They took traditionally-taught chemical engineering courses from whichever teachers happened to be assigned to teach them, but not from Dr. Felder. Academic p e i f o m n c e and retention data were collected and attitudes and selfconfidence levels were assessed for both groups throughout their second, third, and fourth years of college.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/31133816" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="063d4301023ed6bdb24887f9d24945ed" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51567945,"asset_id":31133816,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51567945/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="59479100" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FelderGary">Gary Felder</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="59479100" type="text/json">{"id":59479100,"first_name":"Gary","last_name":"Felder","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"FelderGary","display_name":"Gary Felder","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FelderGary?f_ri=35254","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_31133816 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="31133816"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 31133816, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_31133816", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_31133816 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 31133816; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_31133816"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_31133816 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="31133816"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 31133816; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=31133816]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_31133816").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_31133816").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="31133816"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="72" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering">Chemical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="72" type="text/json">{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="892" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Statistics">Statistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="892" type="text/json">{"id":892,"name":"Statistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Statistics?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2023" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering_Education">Engineering Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2023" type="text/json">{"id":2023,"name":"Engineering Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering_Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4205" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Analysis">Data Analysis</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="4205" type="text/json">{"id":4205,"name":"Data Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Analysis?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=31133816]'), work: {"id":31133816,"title":"A longitudinal study of alternative approaches to engineering education: survey of assessment results","created_at":"2017-01-31T04:09:17.578-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/31133816/A_longitudinal_study_of_alternative_approaches_to_engineering_education_survey_of_assessment_results?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_31133816","summary":"In the fall of 1990 we began a longitudinal study of a cohort of students enrolled in the introductory chemical engineering course. One of us (RMF) taught these students in a sequence of five chemical engineering courses in five consecutive semesters, using a variety of instructional methods including extensive collaborative (team-based) learning, routine assignment of open-ended problems and problem formulation exercises, and other techniques designed to address the spectrum of learning styles found in all engineering classes. The students enrolled in the introductory course in the Fall 1992 semester were designated as a comparison group. They took traditionally-taught chemical engineering courses from whichever teachers happened to be assigned to teach them, but not from Dr. Felder. Academic p e i f o m n c e and retention data were collected and attitudes and selfconfidence levels were assessed for both groups throughout their second, third, and fourth years of college.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51567945,"asset_id":31133816,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":59479100,"first_name":"Gary","last_name":"Felder","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"FelderGary","display_name":"Gary Felder","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FelderGary?f_ri=35254","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":892,"name":"Statistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Statistics?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":2023,"name":"Engineering Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering_Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":4205,"name":"Data Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Data_Analysis?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":35075,"name":"Learning Style","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Learning_Style?f_ri=35254"},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":37753,"name":"Teaching","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching?f_ri=35254"},{"id":76424,"name":"Academic Performance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Academic_Performance?f_ri=35254"},{"id":129913,"name":"Attitudes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Attitudes?f_ri=35254"},{"id":246733,"name":"Team Based Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Team_Based_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":321836,"name":"Spectrum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spectrum?f_ri=35254"},{"id":414843,"name":"Longitudinal Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Longitudinal_Study?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13715324 coauthored" data-work_id="13715324" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13715324/Lets_jam_the_reactable">Let's jam the reactable</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">There has been little research on how interactions with tabletop and tangible user interfaces (TUIs) by groups of users change over time. In this article we investigate the challenges and opportunities of a tabletop tangible interface... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_13715324" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">There has been little research on how interactions with tabletop and tangible user interfaces (TUIs) by groups of users change over time. In this article we investigate the challenges and opportunities of a tabletop tangible interface based on constructive building blocks. We describe a long-term lab study of groups of expert musicians improvising with the Reactable, a commercial tabletop TUI for music performance. We examine interaction, focusing on interface, tangible, musical, and social phenomena. Our findings reveal a practice-based learning between peers in situated contexts, and new forms of participation, all of which is facilitated by the Reactable's tangible interface, if compared to traditional musical ensembles. We summarise our findings as a set of design considerations and conclude that construction processes on interactive tabletops support learning by doing and peer learning, which can inform constructivist approaches to learning with technology.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13715324" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="978d64f18742aa5e1d2f12b61bd839c5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45026972,"asset_id":13715324,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45026972/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32844852" href="https://open.academia.edu/ChrisDobbyn">Chris Dobbyn</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32844852" type="text/json">{"id":32844852,"first_name":"Chris","last_name":"Dobbyn","domain_name":"open","page_name":"ChrisDobbyn","display_name":"Chris Dobbyn","profile_url":"https://open.academia.edu/ChrisDobbyn?f_ri=35254","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-13715324">+3</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-13715324"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/SergiJorda">Sergi Jorda</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://open.academia.edu/RobinLaney">Robin Laney</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://uni-weimar.academia.edu/EvaHornecker">Eva Hornecker</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-13715324'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-13715324').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_13715324 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="13715324"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 13715324, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_13715324", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_13715324 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 13715324; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_13715324"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_13715324 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="13715324"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 13715324; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=13715324]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_13715324").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_13715324").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="13715324"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="37" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Systems">Information Systems</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="37" type="text/json">{"id":37,"name":"Information Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Systems?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4828" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaboration">Collaboration</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4828" type="text/json">{"id":4828,"name":"Collaboration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaboration?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9033" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Musical_Interfaces">New Musical Interfaces</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9033" type="text/json">{"id":9033,"name":"New Musical Interfaces","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Musical_Interfaces?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="20470" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tangible_User_Interfaces">Tangible User Interfaces</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="20470" type="text/json">{"id":20470,"name":"Tangible User Interfaces","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tangible_User_Interfaces?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=13715324]'), work: {"id":13715324,"title":"Let's jam the reactable","created_at":"2015-07-06T12:23:59.328-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/13715324/Lets_jam_the_reactable?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_13715324","summary":"There has been little research on how interactions with tabletop and tangible user interfaces (TUIs) by groups of users change over time. In this article we investigate the challenges and opportunities of a tabletop tangible interface based on constructive building blocks. We describe a long-term lab study of groups of expert musicians improvising with the Reactable, a commercial tabletop TUI for music performance. We examine interaction, focusing on interface, tangible, musical, and social phenomena. Our findings reveal a practice-based learning between peers in situated contexts, and new forms of participation, all of which is facilitated by the Reactable's tangible interface, if compared to traditional musical ensembles. We summarise our findings as a set of design considerations and conclude that construction processes on interactive tabletops support learning by doing and peer learning, which can inform constructivist approaches to learning with technology.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45026972,"asset_id":13715324,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32844852,"first_name":"Chris","last_name":"Dobbyn","domain_name":"open","page_name":"ChrisDobbyn","display_name":"Chris Dobbyn","profile_url":"https://open.academia.edu/ChrisDobbyn?f_ri=35254","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":32770343,"first_name":"Sergi","last_name":"Jorda","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SergiJorda","display_name":"Sergi Jorda","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SergiJorda?f_ri=35254","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":342075,"first_name":"Robin","last_name":"Laney","domain_name":"open","page_name":"RobinLaney","display_name":"Robin Laney","profile_url":"https://open.academia.edu/RobinLaney?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/342075/2726118/3175052/s65_robin.laney.jpg"},{"id":126165,"first_name":"Eva","last_name":"Hornecker","domain_name":"uni-weimar","page_name":"EvaHornecker","display_name":"Eva Hornecker","profile_url":"https://uni-weimar.academia.edu/EvaHornecker?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/126165/33686/30944/s65_eva.hornecker.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":37,"name":"Information Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Systems?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":4828,"name":"Collaboration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaboration?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":9033,"name":"New Musical Interfaces","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Musical_Interfaces?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":20470,"name":"Tangible User Interfaces","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tangible_User_Interfaces?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":52832,"name":"Analysis of group improvisation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analysis_of_group_improvisation?f_ri=35254"},{"id":147528,"name":"Tabletop User Interfaces","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tabletop_User_Interfaces?f_ri=35254"},{"id":216859,"name":"Musical Improvisation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Musical_Improvisation?f_ri=35254"},{"id":963963,"name":"ACM Transactions on Computer Human Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ACM_Transactions_on_Computer_Human_Interaction?f_ri=35254"},{"id":1628029,"name":"Interactive Tabletops and Surfaces","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interactive_Tabletops_and_Surfaces?f_ri=35254"},{"id":1932056,"name":"Group coordination","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Group_coordination?f_ri=35254"},{"id":1987179,"name":"Musical Tabletops","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Musical_Tabletops?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_79016651" data-work_id="79016651" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/79016651/Outcome_feedback_during_collaborative_learning_Contingencies_between_feedback_and_dyad_composition">Outcome feedback during collaborative learning: Contingencies between feedback and dyad composition</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/79016651" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a4838454ba21faec022f96a9e239dbe2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":85880223,"asset_id":79016651,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/85880223/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="43209523" href="https://independent.academia.edu/cenoa">noa c-e</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="43209523" type="text/json">{"id":43209523,"first_name":"noa","last_name":"c-e","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"cenoa","display_name":"noa c-e","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/cenoa?f_ri=35254","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_79016651 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="79016651"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 79016651, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_79016651", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_79016651 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 79016651; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_79016651"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_79016651 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="79016651"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 79016651; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=79016651]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_79016651").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_79016651").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="79016651"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="221" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology">Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="221" type="text/json">{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3203" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Feedback_Education_">Feedback (Education)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3203" type="text/json">{"id":3203,"name":"Feedback (Education)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Feedback_Education_?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35254" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning">Collaborative Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="35254" type="text/json">{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="101175" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Web-based_Learning_and_Instruction">Web-based Learning and Instruction</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="101175" type="text/json">{"id":101175,"name":"Web-based Learning and Instruction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Web-based_Learning_and_Instruction?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=79016651]'), work: {"id":79016651,"title":"Outcome feedback during collaborative learning: Contingencies between feedback and dyad composition","created_at":"2022-05-12T06:39:55.026-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/79016651/Outcome_feedback_during_collaborative_learning_Contingencies_between_feedback_and_dyad_composition?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_79016651","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":85880223,"asset_id":79016651,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":43209523,"first_name":"noa","last_name":"c-e","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"cenoa","display_name":"noa c-e","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/cenoa?f_ri=35254","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":3203,"name":"Feedback (Education)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Feedback_Education_?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":101175,"name":"Web-based Learning and Instruction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Web-based_Learning_and_Instruction?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":137633,"name":"Feedback","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Feedback?f_ri=35254"},{"id":533729,"name":"Learning and Instruction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Learning_and_Instruction?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_23080635" data-work_id="23080635" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23080635/Semantic_wiki_for_learning_and_teaching_computer_science">Semantic wiki for learning and teaching computer science</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/23080635" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3bf9f270c29fcea67526dac249849149" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43582452,"asset_id":23080635,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43582452/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3679485" href="https://unige-it.academia.edu/MauroCoccoli">Mauro Coccoli</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3679485" type="text/json">{"id":3679485,"first_name":"Mauro","last_name":"Coccoli","domain_name":"unige-it","page_name":"MauroCoccoli","display_name":"Mauro Coccoli","profile_url":"https://unige-it.academia.edu/MauroCoccoli?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://gravatar.com/avatar/f1360264ff0c20a1c8728a582e8553bc?s=65"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_23080635 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="23080635"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 23080635, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_23080635", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_23080635 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23080635; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_23080635"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_23080635 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="23080635"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23080635; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=23080635]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_23080635").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_23080635").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="23080635"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="422" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science">Computer Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="422" type="text/json">{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17711" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semantic_Web">Semantic Web</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17711" type="text/json">{"id":17711,"name":"Semantic Web","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semantic_Web?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35254" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning">Collaborative Learning</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="35254" type="text/json">{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=23080635]'), work: {"id":23080635,"title":"Semantic wiki for learning and teaching computer science","created_at":"2016-03-10T04:48:33.749-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/23080635/Semantic_wiki_for_learning_and_teaching_computer_science?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_23080635","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43582452,"asset_id":23080635,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3679485,"first_name":"Mauro","last_name":"Coccoli","domain_name":"unige-it","page_name":"MauroCoccoli","display_name":"Mauro Coccoli","profile_url":"https://unige-it.academia.edu/MauroCoccoli?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://gravatar.com/avatar/f1360264ff0c20a1c8728a582e8553bc?s=65"}],"research_interests":[{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":17711,"name":"Semantic Web","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semantic_Web?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1639420" data-work_id="1639420" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1639420/Collaborative_learning_vs_lecture_discussion_Students_reported_learning_gains">Collaborative learning vs. lecture/discussion: Students' reported learning gains</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This study examined the extent to which undergraduate engineering courses taught using active and collaborative learning methods differ from traditional lecture and discussion courses in their ability to promote the development of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1639420" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This study examined the extent to which undergraduate engineering courses taught using active and collaborative learning methods differ from traditional lecture and discussion courses in their ability to promote the development of students' engineering design, problem-solving, communication, and group participation skills. Evidence for the study comes from 480 students enrolled in 17 active or collaborative learning courses/sections and six traditional courses/sections at six engineering schools. Results indicate that active or collaborative methods produce both statistically significant and substantially greater gains in student learning than those associated with more traditional instructional methods. These learning advantages remained even when differences in a variety of student pre-course characteristics were controlled.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1639420" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="913452d71a6ee4c6ef2d4823fafad028" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":17245772,"asset_id":1639420,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/17245772/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1918061" href="https://sbu.academia.edu/DianaPhalon">Diana Phalon</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1918061" type="text/json">{"id":1918061,"first_name":"Diana","last_name":"Phalon","domain_name":"sbu","page_name":"DianaPhalon","display_name":"Diana Phalon","profile_url":"https://sbu.academia.edu/DianaPhalon?f_ri=35254","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1639420 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1639420"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1639420, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1639420", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_1639420 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1639420; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_1639420"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_1639420 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="1639420"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1639420; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1639420]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_1639420").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_1639420").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1639420"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="922" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education">Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="922" type="text/json">{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2023" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering_Education">Engineering Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2023" type="text/json">{"id":2023,"name":"Engineering Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering_Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7947" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering_Design">Engineering Design</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="7947" type="text/json">{"id":7947,"name":"Engineering Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering_Design?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1639420]'), work: {"id":1639420,"title":"Collaborative learning vs. lecture/discussion: Students' reported learning gains","created_at":"2012-06-10T01:00:09.877-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1639420/Collaborative_learning_vs_lecture_discussion_Students_reported_learning_gains?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_1639420","summary":"This study examined the extent to which undergraduate engineering courses taught using active and collaborative learning methods differ from traditional lecture and discussion courses in their ability to promote the development of students' engineering design, problem-solving, communication, and group participation skills. Evidence for the study comes from 480 students enrolled in 17 active or collaborative learning courses/sections and six traditional courses/sections at six engineering schools. Results indicate that active or collaborative methods produce both statistically significant and substantially greater gains in student learning than those associated with more traditional instructional methods. These learning advantages remained even when differences in a variety of student pre-course characteristics were controlled.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":17245772,"asset_id":1639420,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1918061,"first_name":"Diana","last_name":"Phalon","domain_name":"sbu","page_name":"DianaPhalon","display_name":"Diana Phalon","profile_url":"https://sbu.academia.edu/DianaPhalon?f_ri=35254","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":2023,"name":"Engineering Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering_Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":7947,"name":"Engineering Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering_Design?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":49419,"name":"Problem Solving","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Problem_Solving?f_ri=35254"},{"id":125564,"name":"Statistical Significance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Statistical_Significance?f_ri=35254"},{"id":131640,"name":"Student Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Student_Learning?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_72429311" data-work_id="72429311" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/72429311/Teachers_as_awakeners_a_collaborative_approach_in_language_learning_and_social_media">Teachers as awakeners: a collaborative approach in language learning and social media</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/72429311" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5cfe552499a509c4775b1b0134d20ccb" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":81356971,"asset_id":72429311,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81356971/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="42498724" rel="nofollow" href="https://soton.academia.edu/APlutino">Alessia Plutino</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="42498724" type="text/json">{"id":42498724,"first_name":"Alessia","last_name":"Plutino","domain_name":"soton","page_name":"APlutino","display_name":"Alessia Plutino","profile_url":"https://soton.academia.edu/APlutino?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/42498724/14476591/15368481/s65_alessia.plutino.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_72429311 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="72429311"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 72429311, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_72429311", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_72429311 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 72429311; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_72429311"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_72429311 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="72429311"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 72429311; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=72429311]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_72429311").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_72429311").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="72429311"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="422" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science">Computer Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="422" type="text/json">{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2101" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Employability">Employability</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2101" type="text/json">{"id":2101,"name":"Employability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Employability?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13382" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communities_of_practice">Communities of practice</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13382" type="text/json">{"id":13382,"name":"Communities of practice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communities_of_practice?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13873" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Twitter">Twitter</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="13873" type="text/json">{"id":13873,"name":"Twitter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Twitter?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=72429311]'), work: {"id":72429311,"title":"Teachers as awakeners: a collaborative approach in language learning and social media","created_at":"2022-02-24T10:46:21.279-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/72429311/Teachers_as_awakeners_a_collaborative_approach_in_language_learning_and_social_media?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_72429311","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":81356971,"asset_id":72429311,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":42498724,"first_name":"Alessia","last_name":"Plutino","domain_name":"soton","page_name":"APlutino","display_name":"Alessia Plutino","profile_url":"https://soton.academia.edu/APlutino?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/42498724/14476591/15368481/s65_alessia.plutino.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":422,"name":"Computer Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":2101,"name":"Employability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Employability?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":13382,"name":"Communities of practice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communities_of_practice?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":13873,"name":"Twitter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Twitter?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":55612,"name":"PLE","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PLE?f_ri=35254"},{"id":97978,"name":"Personal Learning Environment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Personal_Learning_Environment?f_ri=35254"},{"id":247164,"name":"CoP","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CoP?f_ri=35254"},{"id":624072,"name":"Communities of Practice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communities_of_Practice-1?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_61296045" data-work_id="61296045" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/61296045/WebRTC_platform_proposition_as_a_support_to_the_educational_system_of_universities_in_a_limited_Internet_connection_context">WebRTC platform proposition as a support to the educational system of universities in a limited Internet connection context</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">— This paper proposes a collaborative system based on WebRTC technology to improve digital universities e-Learning environment. It allows teachers and students, through a web browser, to communicate via chat, audio and camera. It also... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_61296045" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">— This paper proposes a collaborative system based on WebRTC technology to improve digital universities e-Learning environment. It allows teachers and students, through a web browser, to communicate via chat, audio and camera. It also supports file transfer and screen sharing for computer connected lab equipment. All these features are functional in an IP environment without need for Internet access. For its design and realization, we had to implement a WebRTC signalisation server to manage real-time applications, using the three WebRTC APIs: MediaStream for the acquisition and synchronization of audio and video, Peer Connection for communication between user&amp;#39;s browsers and RTCDataChannel for file transfer, Chat and Screen Sharing.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/61296045" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="59563356" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GMendy">Gervais Mendy</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="59563356" type="text/json">{"id":59563356,"first_name":"Gervais","last_name":"Mendy","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GMendy","display_name":"Gervais Mendy","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GMendy?f_ri=35254","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_61296045 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="61296045"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 61296045, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_61296045", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_61296045 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61296045; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_61296045"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_61296045 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61296045"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61296045; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61296045]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_61296045").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_61296045").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="61296045"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35254" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning">Collaborative Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="35254" type="text/json">{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="722643" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/WebRTC">WebRTC</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="722643" type="text/json">{"id":722643,"name":"WebRTC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/WebRTC?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1193280" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elearning">Elearning</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1193280" type="text/json">{"id":1193280,"name":"Elearning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elearning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=61296045]'), work: {"id":61296045,"title":"WebRTC platform proposition as a support to the educational system of universities in a limited Internet connection context","created_at":"2021-11-08T03:11:46.830-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/61296045/WebRTC_platform_proposition_as_a_support_to_the_educational_system_of_universities_in_a_limited_Internet_connection_context?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_61296045","summary":"— This paper proposes a collaborative system based on WebRTC technology to improve digital universities e-Learning environment. It allows teachers and students, through a web browser, to communicate via chat, audio and camera. It also supports file transfer and screen sharing for computer connected lab equipment. All these features are functional in an IP environment without need for Internet access. For its design and realization, we had to implement a WebRTC signalisation server to manage real-time applications, using the three WebRTC APIs: MediaStream for the acquisition and synchronization of audio and video, Peer Connection for communication between user\u0026amp;#39;s browsers and RTCDataChannel for file transfer, Chat and Screen Sharing.","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":59563356,"first_name":"Gervais","last_name":"Mendy","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GMendy","display_name":"Gervais Mendy","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GMendy?f_ri=35254","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":722643,"name":"WebRTC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/WebRTC?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":1193280,"name":"Elearning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elearning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_57524888" data-work_id="57524888" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/57524888/Sistemas_adaptativos_multi_agente_de_soporte_al_aprendizaje_ubicuo_y_al_aprendizajecolaborativo">Sistemas adaptativos multi-agente de soporte al aprendizaje ubicuo y al aprendizajecolaborativo</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/57524888" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="dbcb15934ec66aaa4b5d0c254af77f07" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":72385721,"asset_id":57524888,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/72385721/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="431581" href="https://unse.academia.edu/RosannaCostaguta">Rosanna Costaguta</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="431581" type="text/json">{"id":431581,"first_name":"Rosanna","last_name":"Costaguta","domain_name":"unse","page_name":"RosannaCostaguta","display_name":"Rosanna Costaguta","profile_url":"https://unse.academia.edu/RosannaCostaguta?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/431581/106511/2215392/s65_rosanna.costaguta.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_57524888 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="57524888"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 57524888, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_57524888", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_57524888 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 57524888; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_57524888"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_57524888 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="57524888"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 57524888; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=57524888]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_57524888").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_57524888").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="57524888"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2534" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multiagent_Systems">Multiagent Systems</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2534" type="text/json">{"id":2534,"name":"Multiagent Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multiagent_Systems?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35254" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning">Collaborative Learning</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="35254" type="text/json">{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=57524888]'), work: {"id":57524888,"title":"Sistemas adaptativos multi-agente de soporte al aprendizaje ubicuo y al aprendizajecolaborativo","created_at":"2021-10-13T06:48:11.012-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/57524888/Sistemas_adaptativos_multi_agente_de_soporte_al_aprendizaje_ubicuo_y_al_aprendizajecolaborativo?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_57524888","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":72385721,"asset_id":57524888,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":431581,"first_name":"Rosanna","last_name":"Costaguta","domain_name":"unse","page_name":"RosannaCostaguta","display_name":"Rosanna Costaguta","profile_url":"https://unse.academia.edu/RosannaCostaguta?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/431581/106511/2215392/s65_rosanna.costaguta.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2534,"name":"Multiagent Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multiagent_Systems?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_51450612" data-work_id="51450612" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/51450612/A_student_centered_collaborative_learning_environment_for_developing_communication_Skills_in_engineering_education">A student-centered collaborative learning environment for developing communication Skills in engineering education</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Communication skills development is one of the main goals of engineering education. We propose an integrated student-centered collaborative learning environment for developing communication skills, using project-based learning methods and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_51450612" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Communication skills development is one of the main goals of engineering education. We propose an integrated student-centered collaborative learning environment for developing communication skills, using project-based learning methods and peer assessment. In our learning environment, projects are assigned to small groups of students under teacher supervision, documented in a wiki-editing tool and presented during a public poster session. By combining wiki entries and poster presentations, we intend to facilitate students (1) to gain access to the project of their peers and share their results, (2) to analyze and comment critically the project of their peers and provide them with feedback, and (3) to enhance their writing and oral skills. Previous experiences encourage us to promote this integrated learning environment. Wiki environments allowed students to improve the quality of their projects and to develop a critical attitude towards their projects and the projects of their peers. The poster session was found to be more dynamic than traditional oral presentations. Students got engaged in a more open and critical manner with the project of their peers, and students presenting their project had the chance to improve the quality of their presentation on the fly, by presenting their work several times in the duration of the session. In future courses, we will implement a learning environment that combines both wikibased and poster session approaches. We expect that the implementation of both approaches will help to develop the communication skills of engineering students.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/51450612" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="afceae8ba89717ca14061acad77da63b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":69170865,"asset_id":51450612,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/69170865/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="143370845" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AnaBel%C3%A9nRodr%C3%ADguezGonz%C3%A1lez">Ana Belén Rodríguez González</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="143370845" type="text/json">{"id":143370845,"first_name":"Ana Belén","last_name":"Rodríguez González","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AnaBelénRodríguezGonzález","display_name":"Ana Belén Rodríguez González","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AnaBel%C3%A9nRodr%C3%ADguezGonz%C3%A1lez?f_ri=35254","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_51450612 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="51450612"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 51450612, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_51450612", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_51450612 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 51450612; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_51450612"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_51450612 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="51450612"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 51450612; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=51450612]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_51450612").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_51450612").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="51450612"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1983" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peer_Assessment">Peer Assessment</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1983" type="text/json">{"id":1983,"name":"Peer Assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peer_Assessment?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2023" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering_Education">Engineering Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2023" type="text/json">{"id":2023,"name":"Engineering Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering_Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10249" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Writing">Writing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10249" type="text/json">{"id":10249,"name":"Writing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Writing?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26945" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communication_Skills">Communication Skills</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="26945" type="text/json">{"id":26945,"name":"Communication Skills","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communication_Skills?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=51450612]'), work: {"id":51450612,"title":"A student-centered collaborative learning environment for developing communication Skills in engineering education","created_at":"2021-09-07T14:48:10.997-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/51450612/A_student_centered_collaborative_learning_environment_for_developing_communication_Skills_in_engineering_education?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_51450612","summary":"Communication skills development is one of the main goals of engineering education. We propose an integrated student-centered collaborative learning environment for developing communication skills, using project-based learning methods and peer assessment. In our learning environment, projects are assigned to small groups of students under teacher supervision, documented in a wiki-editing tool and presented during a public poster session. By combining wiki entries and poster presentations, we intend to facilitate students (1) to gain access to the project of their peers and share their results, (2) to analyze and comment critically the project of their peers and provide them with feedback, and (3) to enhance their writing and oral skills. Previous experiences encourage us to promote this integrated learning environment. Wiki environments allowed students to improve the quality of their projects and to develop a critical attitude towards their projects and the projects of their peers. The poster session was found to be more dynamic than traditional oral presentations. Students got engaged in a more open and critical manner with the project of their peers, and students presenting their project had the chance to improve the quality of their presentation on the fly, by presenting their work several times in the duration of the session. In future courses, we will implement a learning environment that combines both wikibased and poster session approaches. We expect that the implementation of both approaches will help to develop the communication skills of engineering students.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":69170865,"asset_id":51450612,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":143370845,"first_name":"Ana Belén","last_name":"Rodríguez González","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AnaBelénRodríguezGonzález","display_name":"Ana Belén Rodríguez González","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AnaBel%C3%A9nRodr%C3%ADguezGonz%C3%A1lez?f_ri=35254","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1983,"name":"Peer Assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Peer_Assessment?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":2023,"name":"Engineering Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering_Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":10249,"name":"Writing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Writing?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":26945,"name":"Communication Skills","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communication_Skills?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":49419,"name":"Problem Solving","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Problem_Solving?f_ri=35254"},{"id":65647,"name":"Learning Environment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Learning_Environment?f_ri=35254"},{"id":112518,"name":"Communication Skill","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communication_Skill?f_ri=35254"},{"id":121381,"name":"Project Based Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Project_Based_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":137633,"name":"Feedback","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Feedback?f_ri=35254"},{"id":1138319,"name":"Learning Methods","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Learning_Methods?f_ri=35254"},{"id":2318632,"name":"Collaborative Learning Environment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning_Environment?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_45337217" data-work_id="45337217" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/45337217/From_crayons_to_perfume_Getting_beyond_contrived_collegiality">From crayons to perfume: Getting beyond contrived collegiality</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Based on reflections from over a decade of research, scholarship, and programmatic applications, this article provides evidence of impact from the work of Professor Andy Hargreaves with a specific focus on his concept of contrived... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_45337217" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Based on reflections from over a decade of research, scholarship, and programmatic applications, this article provides evidence of impact from the work of Professor Andy Hargreaves with a specific focus on his concept of contrived collegiality. Explorations into matters of emotion provided an entry point through which the author has addressed the potential for overcoming patterns of contrived collegiality. Early research resulted in a theoretical framework of emotional epistemologies which has been foundational to the design and delivery of professional development and master's degree programs as well as further research into the evidence of impact from this approach to leadership development. The engagement with emotional meaning making, when treated as a way of building trust and developing collaborative learning communities, has proven a good match for the otherwise relatively contrived collegiality that Professor Hargreaves identified. Professor Hargreaves' contributions to the author's journey are a feature of the piece.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/45337217" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6671ca3aef20e7dc80137df93262d32f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65876854,"asset_id":45337217,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65876854/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="72892973" href="https://independent.academia.edu/beattybrenda">brenda beatty</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="72892973" type="text/json">{"id":72892973,"first_name":"brenda","last_name":"beatty","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"beattybrenda","display_name":"brenda beatty","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/beattybrenda?f_ri=35254","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_45337217 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="45337217"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 45337217, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_45337217", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_45337217 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45337217; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_45337217"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_45337217 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="45337217"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45337217; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45337217]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_45337217").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_45337217").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="45337217"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2969" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Leadership">Leadership</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2969" type="text/json">{"id":2969,"name":"Leadership","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Leadership?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15092" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evidence">Evidence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15092" type="text/json">{"id":15092,"name":"Evidence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evidence?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17769" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Professional_Development">Professional Development</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17769" type="text/json">{"id":17769,"name":"Professional Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Professional_Development?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="20471" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Leadership_Development">Leadership Development</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="20471" type="text/json">{"id":20471,"name":"Leadership Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Leadership_Development?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=45337217]'), work: {"id":45337217,"title":"From crayons to perfume: Getting beyond contrived collegiality","created_at":"2021-03-03T09:38:28.225-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/45337217/From_crayons_to_perfume_Getting_beyond_contrived_collegiality?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_45337217","summary":"Based on reflections from over a decade of research, scholarship, and programmatic applications, this article provides evidence of impact from the work of Professor Andy Hargreaves with a specific focus on his concept of contrived collegiality. Explorations into matters of emotion provided an entry point through which the author has addressed the potential for overcoming patterns of contrived collegiality. Early research resulted in a theoretical framework of emotional epistemologies which has been foundational to the design and delivery of professional development and master's degree programs as well as further research into the evidence of impact from this approach to leadership development. The engagement with emotional meaning making, when treated as a way of building trust and developing collaborative learning communities, has proven a good match for the otherwise relatively contrived collegiality that Professor Hargreaves identified. Professor Hargreaves' contributions to the author's journey are a feature of the piece.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65876854,"asset_id":45337217,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":72892973,"first_name":"brenda","last_name":"beatty","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"beattybrenda","display_name":"brenda beatty","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/beattybrenda?f_ri=35254","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2969,"name":"Leadership","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Leadership?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":15092,"name":"Evidence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evidence?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":17769,"name":"Professional Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Professional_Development?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":20471,"name":"Leadership Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Leadership_Development?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":42162,"name":"Emotions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emotions?f_ri=35254"},{"id":43968,"name":"Cooperation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cooperation?f_ri=35254"},{"id":117710,"name":"Educational Change","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Change?f_ri=35254"},{"id":330943,"name":"Biographies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biographies?f_ri=35254"},{"id":412636,"name":"Theoretical Framework","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theoretical_Framework?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37784758" data-work_id="37784758" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37784758/Impacto_del_uso_de_objetos_interactivos_de_aprendizaje_en_la_apropiaci%C3%B3n_de_conocimiento_y_su_contribuci%C3%B3n_en_el_desarrollo_de_competencias_matem%C3%A1ticas_un_resultado_de_experiencia_de_investigaci%C3%B3n">Impacto del uso de objetos interactivos de aprendizaje en la apropiación de conocimiento y su contribución en el desarrollo de competencias matemáticas: un resultado de experiencia de investigación</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">La necesaria innovación en los procesos de enseñanza aprendizaje de las Matemáticas, teniendo como referente el vertiginoso avance de las Tecnologías de la Información y de la Comunicación TIC, que evolucionan los ambientes escolares,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37784758" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">La necesaria innovación en los procesos de enseñanza aprendizaje de las Matemáticas, teniendo como referente el vertiginoso avance de las Tecnologías de la Información y de la Comunicación TIC, que evolucionan los ambientes escolares, obliga a indagar sobre nuevos modelos de intervención pedagógica en el aula, mediante recursos digitales, muchos de ellos disponibles en repositorios virtuales, a la manera de Objetos Interactivos de Aprendizaje, OIA,  como los puestos al servicio del sistema educativo en el área de las Matemáticas, por la Red Educativa Digital Descartes. Dichos modelos deben ser puestos a prueba para determinar su fiabilidad y eficiencia. Por ello dentro del programa de investigación: «Apropiación Pedagógica de las TIC en las Escuelas Innovadoras del Centro de Innovación Educativo Regional CIER Occidente», se llevó a cabo el proyecto de investigación: «Evaluación del Impacto del Uso de Objetos de Aprendizaje Interactivos a través de la Herramienta Descartes JS con Estudiantes de Matemáticas de Cuarto y Quinto Grado de Básica Primaria», por parte de la Institución Universitaria Pascual Bravo, en las Escuelas Innovadoras Débora Arango Pérez de Medellín y Primitivo Leal La Doctora de Sabaneta, y cuyos resultados son objeto, del presente artículo.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37784758" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="55c23fb1ab8a5f670b102cc0b49d0915" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57781793,"asset_id":37784758,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57781793/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="38946766" href="https://pascualbravo.academia.edu/RevistaCintex">Revista Cintex</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="38946766" type="text/json">{"id":38946766,"first_name":"Revista","last_name":"Cintex","domain_name":"pascualbravo","page_name":"RevistaCintex","display_name":"Revista Cintex","profile_url":"https://pascualbravo.academia.edu/RevistaCintex?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/38946766/20591493/20297596/s65_revista.cintex.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37784758 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37784758"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37784758, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37784758", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_37784758 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37784758; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_37784758"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_37784758 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="37784758"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 37784758; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37784758]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37784758").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37784758").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37784758"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2731" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics_Education">Mathematics Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2731" type="text/json">{"id":2731,"name":"Mathematics Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics_Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27696" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interactive_Learning_Environments">Interactive Learning Environments</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="27696" type="text/json">{"id":27696,"name":"Interactive Learning Environments","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interactive_Learning_Environments?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35254" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning">Collaborative Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="35254" type="text/json">{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="98941" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virtual_Learning">Virtual Learning</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="98941" type="text/json">{"id":98941,"name":"Virtual Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virtual_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37784758]'), work: {"id":37784758,"title":"Impacto del uso de objetos interactivos de aprendizaje en la apropiación de conocimiento y su contribución en el desarrollo de competencias matemáticas: un resultado de experiencia de investigación","created_at":"2018-11-15T21:50:38.617-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37784758/Impacto_del_uso_de_objetos_interactivos_de_aprendizaje_en_la_apropiaci%C3%B3n_de_conocimiento_y_su_contribuci%C3%B3n_en_el_desarrollo_de_competencias_matem%C3%A1ticas_un_resultado_de_experiencia_de_investigaci%C3%B3n?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_37784758","summary":"La necesaria innovación en los procesos de enseñanza aprendizaje de las Matemáticas, teniendo como referente el vertiginoso avance de las Tecnologías de la Información y de la Comunicación TIC, que evolucionan los ambientes escolares, obliga a indagar sobre nuevos modelos de intervención pedagógica en el aula, mediante recursos digitales, muchos de ellos disponibles en repositorios virtuales, a la manera de Objetos Interactivos de Aprendizaje, OIA, como los puestos al servicio del sistema educativo en el área de las Matemáticas, por la Red Educativa Digital Descartes. Dichos modelos deben ser puestos a prueba para determinar su fiabilidad y eficiencia. Por ello dentro del programa de investigación: «Apropiación Pedagógica de las TIC en las Escuelas Innovadoras del Centro de Innovación Educativo Regional CIER Occidente», se llevó a cabo el proyecto de investigación: «Evaluación del Impacto del Uso de Objetos de Aprendizaje Interactivos a través de la Herramienta Descartes JS con Estudiantes de Matemáticas de Cuarto y Quinto Grado de Básica Primaria», por parte de la Institución Universitaria Pascual Bravo, en las Escuelas Innovadoras Débora Arango Pérez de Medellín y Primitivo Leal La Doctora de Sabaneta, y cuyos resultados son objeto, del presente artículo.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57781793,"asset_id":37784758,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":38946766,"first_name":"Revista","last_name":"Cintex","domain_name":"pascualbravo","page_name":"RevistaCintex","display_name":"Revista Cintex","profile_url":"https://pascualbravo.academia.edu/RevistaCintex?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/38946766/20591493/20297596/s65_revista.cintex.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2731,"name":"Mathematics Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics_Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":27696,"name":"Interactive Learning Environments","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interactive_Learning_Environments?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":98941,"name":"Virtual Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Virtual_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36861808" data-work_id="36861808" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36861808/Group_work_and_group_talk_assessing_collaboration_and_dialogue">Group work & group talk_assessing collaboration and dialogue</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Understanding how groups talk, think and act is essential for contemporary educational practice. The body of research within assessment of collaborative learning, dialogic learning and oracy is substantial, but the practical outcome of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36861808" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Understanding how groups talk, think and act is essential for contemporary educational practice. The body of research within assessment of collaborative learning, dialogic learning and oracy is substantial, but the practical outcome of this research is currently limited.<br /><br />If we value the capacity for learners to talk, think and work collectively, we must produce pragmatic and practical tools for observation, assessment and intervention.<br /><br />This paper acts as a field work study in which differing assessment methods from across collaborative learning, dialogic learning and oracy are trailed within varied collaborative and dialogic events. This paper reflects upon the applicability and impact of using these methods in an attempt promote further study, with a long term goal of refining methods of assessment into a practical toolkit for educators and to inform the design of group work activities in the future.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36861808" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="de0e4391fe53585978ac61b6bb82b46b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56815954,"asset_id":36861808,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56815954/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="40151070" href="https://ucl.academia.edu/MartinBillingham">Martin Billingham</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="40151070" type="text/json">{"id":40151070,"first_name":"Martin","last_name":"Billingham","domain_name":"ucl","page_name":"MartinBillingham","display_name":"Martin Billingham","profile_url":"https://ucl.academia.edu/MartinBillingham?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/40151070/11240618/17954988/s65_martin.billingham.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36861808 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36861808"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36861808, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36861808", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_36861808 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36861808; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_36861808"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_36861808 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36861808"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36861808; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36861808]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_36861808").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_36861808").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="36861808"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1750" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assessment">Assessment</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1750" type="text/json">{"id":1750,"name":"Assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assessment?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4414" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Formative_Assessment">Formative Assessment</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4414" type="text/json">{"id":4414,"name":"Formative Assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Formative_Assessment?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35254" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning">Collaborative Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="35254" type="text/json">{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="69061" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dialogic_Pedagogy">Dialogic Pedagogy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="69061" type="text/json">{"id":69061,"name":"Dialogic Pedagogy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dialogic_Pedagogy?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=36861808]'), work: {"id":36861808,"title":"Group work \u0026 group talk_assessing collaboration and dialogue","created_at":"2018-06-18T03:57:32.021-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/36861808/Group_work_and_group_talk_assessing_collaboration_and_dialogue?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_36861808","summary":"Understanding how groups talk, think and act is essential for contemporary educational practice. The body of research within assessment of collaborative learning, dialogic learning and oracy is substantial, but the practical outcome of this research is currently limited.\n\nIf we value the capacity for learners to talk, think and work collectively, we must produce pragmatic and practical tools for observation, assessment and intervention.\n\nThis paper acts as a field work study in which differing assessment methods from across collaborative learning, dialogic learning and oracy are trailed within varied collaborative and dialogic events. This paper reflects upon the applicability and impact of using these methods in an attempt promote further study, with a long term goal of refining methods of assessment into a practical toolkit for educators and to inform the design of group work activities in the future. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56815954,"asset_id":36861808,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":40151070,"first_name":"Martin","last_name":"Billingham","domain_name":"ucl","page_name":"MartinBillingham","display_name":"Martin Billingham","profile_url":"https://ucl.academia.edu/MartinBillingham?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/40151070/11240618/17954988/s65_martin.billingham.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1750,"name":"Assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assessment?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":4414,"name":"Formative Assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Formative_Assessment?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":69061,"name":"Dialogic Pedagogy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dialogic_Pedagogy?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":85784,"name":"Group work","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Group_work?f_ri=35254"},{"id":206673,"name":"Assessment for learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assessment_for_learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":234394,"name":"Oracy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oracy?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9179479 coauthored" data-work_id="9179479" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9179479/Korkeakouluopettajuus_muutoksessa">Korkeakouluopettajuus muutoksessa</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9179479" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="77ea3fbcf3cd2883cdfe8a6b82eb38dd" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35462851,"asset_id":9179479,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35462851/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2681288" href="https://metropolia.academia.edu/ToiniHarra">Toini Harra</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2681288" type="text/json">{"id":2681288,"first_name":"Toini","last_name":"Harra","domain_name":"metropolia","page_name":"ToiniHarra","display_name":"Toini Harra","profile_url":"https://metropolia.academia.edu/ToiniHarra?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2681288/855687/6480103/s65_toini.harra.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-9179479">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-9179479"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/ElisaM%C3%A4kinen">Elisa Mäkinen</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-9179479'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-9179479').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9179479 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9179479"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9179479, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9179479", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_9179479 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9179479; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_9179479"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_9179479 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9179479"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9179479; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9179479]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9179479").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9179479").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9179479"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1601" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teacher_Education">Teacher Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1601" type="text/json">{"id":1601,"name":"Teacher Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teacher_Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4828" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaboration">Collaboration</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4828" type="text/json">{"id":4828,"name":"Collaboration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaboration?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35254" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning">Collaborative Learning</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="35254" type="text/json">{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9179479]'), work: {"id":9179479,"title":"Korkeakouluopettajuus muutoksessa","created_at":"2014-11-07T06:46:14.653-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9179479/Korkeakouluopettajuus_muutoksessa?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_9179479","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35462851,"asset_id":9179479,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2681288,"first_name":"Toini","last_name":"Harra","domain_name":"metropolia","page_name":"ToiniHarra","display_name":"Toini Harra","profile_url":"https://metropolia.academia.edu/ToiniHarra?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2681288/855687/6480103/s65_toini.harra.jpg"},{"id":5235101,"first_name":"Elisa","last_name":"Mäkinen","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ElisaMäkinen","display_name":"Elisa Mäkinen","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ElisaM%C3%A4kinen?f_ri=35254","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1601,"name":"Teacher Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teacher_Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":4828,"name":"Collaboration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaboration?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_81090269" data-work_id="81090269" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/81090269/The_Four_Cs_Effective_Strategies_to_Promote_21st_Century_Skills_in_English_Language_Classroom">The Four Cs: Effective Strategies to Promote 21st Century Skills in English Language Classroom</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">There is an enormous need for education to teach students what are termed 21 st-century skills. One might ask why this sudden shift and attention are given to certain skills. Reality provides an answer. In the job market, for instance,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_81090269" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">There is an enormous need for education to teach students what are termed 21 st-century skills. One might ask why this sudden shift and attention are given to certain skills. Reality provides an answer. In the job market, for instance, the traditional way of teaching seems to produce more jobless people simply because the requirements of the economy do not match the desired result of 12years, at the minimum, of learning in schools. Why do not we update the methods of teaching? People say, "If it is not broken, do not fix it." Actually, it is broken. Therefore, teachers attempt to focus on the teaching of 21 st-century skills through some strategies and techniques. In this study, the researcher investigates the existence of 21 stcentury skills, mainly the Four Cs; Critical thinking, Creativity, Collaboration, and Communication, and the effectiveness of some strategies used to promote these skills.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/81090269" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7e145662487710296a762214803f2306" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":87255281,"asset_id":81090269,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/87255281/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="141139164" href="https://um5ac.academia.edu/FatimazahraeAouane">Fatima-zahrae Aouane</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="141139164" type="text/json">{"id":141139164,"first_name":"Fatima-zahrae","last_name":"Aouane","domain_name":"um5ac","page_name":"FatimazahraeAouane","display_name":"Fatima-zahrae Aouane","profile_url":"https://um5ac.academia.edu/FatimazahraeAouane?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/141139164/83185237/84531441/s65_fatima-zahrae.aouane.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_81090269 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="81090269"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 81090269, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_81090269", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_81090269 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81090269; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_81090269"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_81090269 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="81090269"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 81090269; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=81090269]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_81090269").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_81090269").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="81090269"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="859" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communication">Communication</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="859" type="text/json">{"id":859,"name":"Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communication?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1007" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_English_as_a_Second_Language">Teaching English as a Second Language</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1007" type="text/json">{"id":1007,"name":"Teaching English as a Second Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_English_as_a_Second_Language?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1200" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics">Languages and Linguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1200" type="text/json">{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1751" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Creativity">Creativity</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1751" type="text/json">{"id":1751,"name":"Creativity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Creativity?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=81090269]'), work: {"id":81090269,"title":"The Four Cs: Effective Strategies to Promote 21st Century Skills in English Language Classroom","created_at":"2022-06-09T06:24:29.572-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/81090269/The_Four_Cs_Effective_Strategies_to_Promote_21st_Century_Skills_in_English_Language_Classroom?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_81090269","summary":"There is an enormous need for education to teach students what are termed 21 st-century skills. One might ask why this sudden shift and attention are given to certain skills. Reality provides an answer. In the job market, for instance, the traditional way of teaching seems to produce more jobless people simply because the requirements of the economy do not match the desired result of 12years, at the minimum, of learning in schools. Why do not we update the methods of teaching? People say, \"If it is not broken, do not fix it.\" Actually, it is broken. Therefore, teachers attempt to focus on the teaching of 21 st-century skills through some strategies and techniques. In this study, the researcher investigates the existence of 21 stcentury skills, mainly the Four Cs; Critical thinking, Creativity, Collaboration, and Communication, and the effectiveness of some strategies used to promote these skills.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":87255281,"asset_id":81090269,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":141139164,"first_name":"Fatima-zahrae","last_name":"Aouane","domain_name":"um5ac","page_name":"FatimazahraeAouane","display_name":"Fatima-zahrae Aouane","profile_url":"https://um5ac.academia.edu/FatimazahraeAouane?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/141139164/83185237/84531441/s65_fatima-zahrae.aouane.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":859,"name":"Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communication?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":1007,"name":"Teaching English as a Second Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_English_as_a_Second_Language?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":1200,"name":"Languages and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Languages_and_Linguistics?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":1751,"name":"Creativity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Creativity?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":7709,"name":"Applied Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Linguistics?f_ri=35254"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics?f_ri=35254"},{"id":22797,"name":"Critical Thinking and Creativity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Critical_Thinking_and_Creativity?f_ri=35254"},{"id":23878,"name":"Teaching Strategies and Styles","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teaching_Strategies_and_Styles?f_ri=35254"},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":44878,"name":"Methodology and Didactics of Foreign Language Teaching","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Methodology_and_Didactics_of_Foreign_Language_Teaching?f_ri=35254"},{"id":51126,"name":"English Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_Education?f_ri=35254"},{"id":99517,"name":"English as a Foreign Language (EFL)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/English_as_a_Foreign_Language_EFL_?f_ri=35254"},{"id":228182,"name":"Learning Strategies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Learning_Strategies-1?f_ri=35254"},{"id":406955,"name":"21st Century Skills","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/21st_Century_Skills?f_ri=35254"},{"id":781717,"name":"Critical Thinking Skills In Language Classess","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Critical_Thinking_Skills_In_Language_Classess?f_ri=35254"},{"id":1918721,"name":"21st Century Learners","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/21st_Century_Learners?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_48802723" data-work_id="48802723" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/48802723/Providing_Flexibility_in_Learning_Activities_Systems_by_Exploiting_the_Multiple_Roles_of_Mobile_Devices">Providing Flexibility in Learning Activities Systems by Exploiting the Multiple Roles of Mobile Devices</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The wide adoption of mobile and wireless technologies allow for users to have access to learning resources and generate digital content at any location and time. An immediate implication of this latest trend is the need to create and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_48802723" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The wide adoption of mobile and wireless technologies allow for users to have access to learning resources and generate digital content at any location and time. An immediate implication of this latest trend is the need to create and deploy learning activity systems that offer a high level of flexibility. This flexibility can allow for the creation of adaptive activities, something highly required in dynamic learning environments such as those in the field of M-learning. Mobile devices can provide flexibility to activity systems by adapting their behavior on a context basis. To give an example of flexibility in the mobile device behavior, we present the FLexible Activity Client (FLAC). FLAC is a mobile application that allows the mobile device to switch from client-role to service-provider-role behavior. We describe our proposed architecture and its implementation and present the results of our initial tests.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/48802723" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="963ff5a99e516bab0abd59e12ad64695" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67232994,"asset_id":48802723,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67232994/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5412146" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DidacGil">Didac Gil</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5412146" type="text/json">{"id":5412146,"first_name":"Didac","last_name":"Gil","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DidacGil","display_name":"Didac Gil","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DidacGil?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://gravatar.com/avatar/3a70858552ac55bf6022724722bf5dea?s=65"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_48802723 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="48802723"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 48802723, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_48802723", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_48802723 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48802723; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_48802723"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_48802723 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="48802723"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48802723; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48802723]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_48802723").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_48802723").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="48802723"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="433" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Architecture">Computer Architecture</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="433" type="text/json">{"id":433,"name":"Computer Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Architecture?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1003" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Technology">Educational Technology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1003" type="text/json">{"id":1003,"name":"Educational Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Technology?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26825" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mobile_Computing">Mobile Computing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26825" type="text/json">{"id":26825,"name":"Mobile Computing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mobile_Computing?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35254" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning">Collaborative Learning</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="35254" type="text/json">{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=48802723]'), work: {"id":48802723,"title":"Providing Flexibility in Learning Activities Systems by Exploiting the Multiple Roles of Mobile Devices","created_at":"2021-05-06T08:19:04.628-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/48802723/Providing_Flexibility_in_Learning_Activities_Systems_by_Exploiting_the_Multiple_Roles_of_Mobile_Devices?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_48802723","summary":"The wide adoption of mobile and wireless technologies allow for users to have access to learning resources and generate digital content at any location and time. An immediate implication of this latest trend is the need to create and deploy learning activity systems that offer a high level of flexibility. This flexibility can allow for the creation of adaptive activities, something highly required in dynamic learning environments such as those in the field of M-learning. Mobile devices can provide flexibility to activity systems by adapting their behavior on a context basis. To give an example of flexibility in the mobile device behavior, we present the FLexible Activity Client (FLAC). FLAC is a mobile application that allows the mobile device to switch from client-role to service-provider-role behavior. We describe our proposed architecture and its implementation and present the results of our initial tests.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67232994,"asset_id":48802723,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5412146,"first_name":"Didac","last_name":"Gil","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DidacGil","display_name":"Didac Gil","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DidacGil?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://gravatar.com/avatar/3a70858552ac55bf6022724722bf5dea?s=65"}],"research_interests":[{"id":433,"name":"Computer Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Architecture?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":1003,"name":"Educational Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Technology?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":26825,"name":"Mobile Computing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mobile_Computing?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":54418,"name":"Geometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geometry?f_ri=35254"},{"id":154850,"name":"Mobile Device","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mobile_Device?f_ri=35254"},{"id":567681,"name":"Software Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Software_Systems?f_ri=35254"},{"id":908186,"name":"Service Provider","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Service_Provider?f_ri=35254"},{"id":1259267,"name":"Switches","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Switches?f_ri=35254"},{"id":1931321,"name":"Application Software","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Application_Software?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_48327849" data-work_id="48327849" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/48327849/Propuesta_para_el_dictado_de_la_materia_L%C3%B3gica_para_Ciencias_de_la_Computaci%C3%B3n_bajo_la_modalidad_B_Learning">Propuesta para el dictado de la materia Lógica para Ciencias de la Computación bajo la modalidad B-Learning</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/48327849" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5f4c4a2dc97a223ed9df6d0d8d97b71f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66998528,"asset_id":48327849,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66998528/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3946716" href="https://uncoma.academia.edu/CarinaFracchia">Carina Fracchia</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3946716" type="text/json">{"id":3946716,"first_name":"Carina","last_name":"Fracchia","domain_name":"uncoma","page_name":"CarinaFracchia","display_name":"Carina Fracchia","profile_url":"https://uncoma.academia.edu/CarinaFracchia?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3946716/1477778/1803247/s65_carina.fracchia.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_48327849 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="48327849"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 48327849, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_48327849", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_48327849 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48327849; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_48327849"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_48327849 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="48327849"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48327849; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48327849]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_48327849").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_48327849").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="48327849"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35254" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning">Collaborative Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="35254" type="text/json">{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="43774" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Learning">Learning</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="43774" type="text/json">{"id":43774,"name":"Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=48327849]'), work: {"id":48327849,"title":"Propuesta para el dictado de la materia Lógica para Ciencias de la Computación bajo la modalidad B-Learning","created_at":"2021-05-04T14:02:59.923-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/48327849/Propuesta_para_el_dictado_de_la_materia_L%C3%B3gica_para_Ciencias_de_la_Computaci%C3%B3n_bajo_la_modalidad_B_Learning?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_48327849","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66998528,"asset_id":48327849,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3946716,"first_name":"Carina","last_name":"Fracchia","domain_name":"uncoma","page_name":"CarinaFracchia","display_name":"Carina Fracchia","profile_url":"https://uncoma.academia.edu/CarinaFracchia?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3946716/1477778/1803247/s65_carina.fracchia.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":43774,"name":"Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35002218 coauthored" data-work_id="35002218" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35002218/Creative_collaborative_learning_for_macroeconomics_C_span_video_clips_in_MBA_classroom">Creative collaborative learning for macroeconomics: C-span video clips in MBA classroom</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Creative collaborative learning (CCL) is attempted in a classroom environment for studying macroeconomics for a global economy where the frontier of models and theories are often shaped by decision makers in global and national... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35002218" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Creative collaborative learning (CCL) is attempted in a classroom environment for studying macroeconomics for a global economy where the frontier of models and theories are often shaped by decision makers in global and national institutions. The methodology is suitable for student-centered learning MBA students who must put themselves through realistic situations, asking right questions and making decisions. Traditional top-down methodology of emphasizing model building and mathematical proofs in studying macroeconomics are not suitable at the MBA level. The proposed CCL model in this study entails the joint efforts of three groups of players—the professionals, the students and the instructor. Constructive knowledge is acquired not by drill and memorization of definitions, but by learning from the contexts in which terminologies are pragmatically applied, utilizing critical thinking. Students in an MBA class were asked to form country-focus teams, identifying country macroeconomic indicators as well as specific issues affecting infrastructure and performance of a country. Specific video clips were searched and reviewed in C-span video library. This search and review exercise were analyzed by evaluating their effectiveness in motivating interests, learning of abstract terminologies, professional manner and articulation method, and recognizing the role of important institutions through the speaking professionals. Our research shows that if students hear a terminology from a professional in a particular field, they connect the term with an experience of listening to the person and also with a face of the person and with the institution where he/she is affiliated with. An abstract concept becomes easier, more pragmatic, and more fun to learn beyond memorization. On that dimension, the researchers' classroom experiment achieved good success. However, CCL demands evaluations for " in-the-moment " expressions and quotations that can " elevate thinking " in a student-centered learning environment. CCL is effective for some clips but not generally. Our research also looks into how design of learning activities can better achieve CCL.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35002218" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="439f2a3e5d02463b4e31f900394431dc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54866634,"asset_id":35002218,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54866634/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="69145788" href="https://uah.academia.edu/ScienceParkResearchOrganizationCounselling">Science Park Research Organization & Counselling</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="69145788" type="text/json">{"id":69145788,"first_name":"Science Park Research","last_name":"Organization \u0026 Counselling","domain_name":"uah","page_name":"ScienceParkResearchOrganizationCounselling","display_name":"Science Park Research Organization \u0026 Counselling","profile_url":"https://uah.academia.edu/ScienceParkResearchOrganizationCounselling?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/69145788/17940563/17974318/s65_sproc.academia.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-35002218">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-35002218"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/FrankLorne">Frank Lorne</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-35002218'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-35002218').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35002218 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35002218"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35002218, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35002218", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_35002218 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35002218; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_35002218"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_35002218 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="35002218"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35002218; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35002218]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_35002218").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_35002218").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="35002218"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="764" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macroeconomics">Macroeconomics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="764" type="text/json">{"id":764,"name":"Macroeconomics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macroeconomics?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35254" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning">Collaborative Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="35254" type="text/json">{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="44913" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MBA">MBA</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="44913" type="text/json">{"id":44913,"name":"MBA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MBA?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="132721" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classroom">Classroom</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="132721" type="text/json">{"id":132721,"name":"Classroom","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classroom?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=35002218]'), work: {"id":35002218,"title":"Creative collaborative learning for macroeconomics: C-span video clips in MBA classroom","created_at":"2017-10-30T12:57:28.866-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/35002218/Creative_collaborative_learning_for_macroeconomics_C_span_video_clips_in_MBA_classroom?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_35002218","summary":"Creative collaborative learning (CCL) is attempted in a classroom environment for studying macroeconomics for a global economy where the frontier of models and theories are often shaped by decision makers in global and national institutions. The methodology is suitable for student-centered learning MBA students who must put themselves through realistic situations, asking right questions and making decisions. Traditional top-down methodology of emphasizing model building and mathematical proofs in studying macroeconomics are not suitable at the MBA level. The proposed CCL model in this study entails the joint efforts of three groups of players—the professionals, the students and the instructor. Constructive knowledge is acquired not by drill and memorization of definitions, but by learning from the contexts in which terminologies are pragmatically applied, utilizing critical thinking. Students in an MBA class were asked to form country-focus teams, identifying country macroeconomic indicators as well as specific issues affecting infrastructure and performance of a country. Specific video clips were searched and reviewed in C-span video library. This search and review exercise were analyzed by evaluating their effectiveness in motivating interests, learning of abstract terminologies, professional manner and articulation method, and recognizing the role of important institutions through the speaking professionals. Our research shows that if students hear a terminology from a professional in a particular field, they connect the term with an experience of listening to the person and also with a face of the person and with the institution where he/she is affiliated with. An abstract concept becomes easier, more pragmatic, and more fun to learn beyond memorization. On that dimension, the researchers' classroom experiment achieved good success. However, CCL demands evaluations for \" in-the-moment \" expressions and quotations that can \" elevate thinking \" in a student-centered learning environment. CCL is effective for some clips but not generally. Our research also looks into how design of learning activities can better achieve CCL.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54866634,"asset_id":35002218,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":69145788,"first_name":"Science Park Research","last_name":"Organization \u0026 Counselling","domain_name":"uah","page_name":"ScienceParkResearchOrganizationCounselling","display_name":"Science Park Research Organization \u0026 Counselling","profile_url":"https://uah.academia.edu/ScienceParkResearchOrganizationCounselling?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/69145788/17940563/17974318/s65_sproc.academia.jpg"},{"id":50178762,"first_name":"Frank","last_name":"Lorne","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"FrankLorne","display_name":"Frank Lorne","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FrankLorne?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/50178762/114521508/147068310/s65_frank.lorne.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":764,"name":"Macroeconomics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macroeconomics?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":44913,"name":"MBA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MBA?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":132721,"name":"Classroom","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classroom?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":536721,"name":"Video Clips","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Video_Clips?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_15576307" data-work_id="15576307" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/15576307/A_Checklist_for_Peer_Knowledge_Validation_in_Project_Based_Organizations">A Checklist for Peer Knowledge Validation in Project-Based Organizations</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Sharing knowledge across projects is a necessary challenge to ensure the competitive advantage of organizations. With temporary structures, multiple roles, multiple activities, and limited time, the project-based organization needs to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_15576307" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Sharing knowledge across projects is a necessary challenge to ensure the competitive advantage of organizations. With temporary structures, multiple roles, multiple activities, and limited time, the project-based organization needs to retain the knowledge gained in a project and share it with others. “Lessons learned” processes are implemented in order to systematize the transfer of this knowledge, with the main challenge being the mobilization of people to record their experiences in a database. The stored knowledge, however, needs to be validated before being shared and appropriately classified in one of the three main categories: Best Practices, Lessons Learned, and Points for Attention. This study shows the benefits of a checklist / action plan for ensuring the effectiveness of the validation stage, since failures during this stage may jeopardize the initial effort to mobilize project teams to record their experiences and learning.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/15576307" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8f4c8ff9747cd9434c635f1639e15f87" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38726355,"asset_id":15576307,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38726355/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="795586" href="https://ufrj.academia.edu/GildaEsteves">Maria Gilda Esteves</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="795586" type="text/json">{"id":795586,"first_name":"Maria Gilda","last_name":"Esteves","domain_name":"ufrj","page_name":"GildaEsteves","display_name":"Maria Gilda Esteves","profile_url":"https://ufrj.academia.edu/GildaEsteves?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/795586/349450/72822929/s65_maria_gilda.esteves.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_15576307 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="15576307"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 15576307, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_15576307", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_15576307 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15576307; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_15576307"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_15576307 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="15576307"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 15576307; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=15576307]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_15576307").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_15576307").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="15576307"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2277" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Project_Management">Project Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2277" type="text/json">{"id":2277,"name":"Project Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Project_Management?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2347" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Organizational_Learning">Organizational Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2347" type="text/json">{"id":2347,"name":"Organizational Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Organizational_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4828" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaboration">Collaboration</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4828" type="text/json">{"id":4828,"name":"Collaboration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaboration?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35254" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning">Collaborative Learning</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="35254" type="text/json">{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=15576307]'), work: {"id":15576307,"title":"A Checklist for Peer Knowledge Validation in Project-Based Organizations","created_at":"2015-09-10T07:24:07.477-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/15576307/A_Checklist_for_Peer_Knowledge_Validation_in_Project_Based_Organizations?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_15576307","summary":"Sharing knowledge across projects is a necessary challenge to ensure the competitive advantage of organizations. With temporary structures, multiple roles, multiple activities, and limited time, the project-based organization needs to retain the knowledge gained in a project and share it with others. “Lessons learned” processes are implemented in order to systematize the transfer of this knowledge, with the main challenge being the mobilization of people to record their experiences in a database. The stored knowledge, however, needs to be validated before being shared and appropriately classified in one of the three main categories: Best Practices, Lessons Learned, and Points for Attention. This study shows the benefits of a checklist / action plan for ensuring the effectiveness of the validation stage, since failures during this stage may jeopardize the initial effort to mobilize project teams to record their experiences and learning.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38726355,"asset_id":15576307,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":795586,"first_name":"Maria Gilda","last_name":"Esteves","domain_name":"ufrj","page_name":"GildaEsteves","display_name":"Maria Gilda Esteves","profile_url":"https://ufrj.academia.edu/GildaEsteves?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/795586/349450/72822929/s65_maria_gilda.esteves.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2277,"name":"Project Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Project_Management?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":2347,"name":"Organizational Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Organizational_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":4828,"name":"Collaboration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaboration?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":128303,"name":"Knowlwdge Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Knowlwdge_Management?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_28606412" data-work_id="28606412" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/28606412/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9C_%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD_%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A3_%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%94_%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B9_%E0%B8%A3_%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99_%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B7_%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%92%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%94_%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%97%E0%B9%8D%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A3_%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99_A_Design_of_Instruction_Model_via_m_Learning_Using_Collaborative_Learning_Method_to_Enhance_Collaboration_Skills_">การออกแบบรูปแบบการเรียนการสอนผ่านเอ็มเลิร์นนิงด้วยวิธีการเรียนรู้ร่วมกัน เพื่อพัฒนาทักษะด้านการทำงานร่วมกัน (A Design of Instruction Model via m-Learning Using Collaborative Learning Method to Enhance Collaboration Skills)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">งานวิจัยครั้งนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อ 1) ออกแบบรูปแบบการเรียนการสอนผ่านเอ็มเลิร์นนิงด้วยวิธีการเรียนรู้ร่วมกันเพื่อพัฒนาทักษะด้านการทำงานร่วมกัน 2)... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_28606412" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">งานวิจัยครั้งนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อ 1) ออกแบบรูปแบบการเรียนการสอนผ่านเอ็มเลิร์นนิงด้วยวิธีการเรียนรู้ร่วมกันเพื่อพัฒนาทักษะด้านการทำงานร่วมกัน 2) ประเมินรูปแบบการเรียนการสอนผ่านเอ็มเลิร์นนิงด้วยวิธีการเรียนรู้ร่วมกันเพื่อพัฒนาทักษะด้านการทำงานร่วมกันโดยผู้เชี่ยวชาญ แบ่งออกเป็น 2 ขั้นตอน คือ 1) การออกแบบรูปแบบการเรียนการสอนผ่านเอ็มเลิร์นนิงด้วยวิธีการเรียนรู้ร่วมกันเพื่อพัฒนาทักษะด้านการทำงานร่วมกัน 2) การประเมินรูปแบบการเรียนการสอนผ่านเอ็มเลิร์นนิงด้วยวิธีการเรียนรู้ร่วมกันเพื่อพัฒนาทักษะด้านการทำงานร่วมกันโดยผู้เชี่ยวชาญ กลุ่มเป้าหมาย คือ ผู้เชี่ยวชาญด้านการออกแบบการเรียนการสอนผ่านเอ็มเลิร์นนิงและผู้เชี่ยวชาญด้านการเรียนการสอนด้วยวิธีเรียนรู้ร่วมกัน จำนวน 5 ท่าน ได้โดยการเลือกแบบเฉพาะเจาะจง (Purposive Selection) เครื่องมือที่ใช้ในการวิจัย คือ รูปแบบการเรียนการสอนผ่านเอ็มเลิร์นนิงด้วยวิธีการเรียนรู้ร่วมกันเพื่อพัฒนาทักษะด้านการทำงานร่วมกัน แบบประเมินรับรองรูปแบบการเรียนการสอนผ่านเอ็มเลิร์นนิงด้วยวิธีการเรียนรู้ร่วมกันเพื่อพัฒนาทักษะด้านการทำงานร่วมกัน สถิติที่ใช้ในการวิเคราะห์วิจัย ค่าเฉลี่ยเลขคณิต และส่วนเบี่ยงเบนมาตรฐาน ผลการวิจัยพบว่า 1) รูปแบบการเรียนการสอนผ่านเอ็มเลิร์นนิงด้วยวิธีการเรียนรู้ร่วมกันเพื่อพัฒนาทักษะด้านการทำงานร่วมกัน ประกอบด้วย 4 องค์ประกอบ คือ 1.1) การวิเคราะห์ปัญหาการเรียนการสอน 1.2) การเตรียมก่อนการเรียนการสอน 1.3)  การจัดการเรียนการสอน ซึ่งประกอบด้วย 2 ขั้นตอน 1.3.1) การเรียนผ่านอุปกรณ์เคลื่อนที่ 1.3.2) การเรียนในห้องเรียน 1.4) การวัดและการประเมินผล <br />2) ผู้เชี่ยวชาญจำนวน 5 ท่าน ทำการประเมินรูปแบบการเรียนการสอนมีความคิดเห็นว่า รูปแบบการเรียนการสอนผ่านเอ็มเลิร์นนิงด้วยวิธีการเรียนรู้ร่วมกันเพื่อพัฒนาทักษะด้านการทำงานร่วมกันมีความเหมาะสม</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/28606412" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="56340516ebef3e05a018ff2fa3e98a5d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48968493,"asset_id":28606412,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48968493/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4465662" href="https://dusit.academia.edu/KawitaPanlumlers">Kawita Panlumlers</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4465662" type="text/json">{"id":4465662,"first_name":"Kawita","last_name":"Panlumlers","domain_name":"dusit","page_name":"KawitaPanlumlers","display_name":"Kawita Panlumlers","profile_url":"https://dusit.academia.edu/KawitaPanlumlers?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4465662/1829032/11845834/s65_kawita.panlumlers.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_28606412 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="28606412"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 28606412, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_28606412", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_28606412 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 28606412; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_28606412"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_28606412 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="28606412"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 28606412; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=28606412]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_28606412").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_28606412").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="28606412"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1000" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Instructional_Design">Instructional Design</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1000" type="text/json">{"id":1000,"name":"Instructional Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Instructional_Design?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1763" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mobile_Learning">Mobile Learning</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1763" type="text/json">{"id":1763,"name":"Mobile Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mobile_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4828" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaboration">Collaboration</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4828" type="text/json">{"id":4828,"name":"Collaboration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaboration?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8679" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Supported_Collaborative_Learning_CSCL_">Computer Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="8679" type="text/json">{"id":8679,"name":"Computer Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Supported_Collaborative_Learning_CSCL_?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=28606412]'), work: {"id":28606412,"title":"การออกแบบรูปแบบการเรียนการสอนผ่านเอ็มเลิร์นนิงด้วยวิธีการเรียนรู้ร่วมกัน เพื่อพัฒนาทักษะด้านการทำงานร่วมกัน (A Design of Instruction Model via m-Learning Using Collaborative Learning Method to Enhance Collaboration Skills)","created_at":"2016-09-19T13:16:14.454-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/28606412/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9C_%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD_%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A3_%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%94_%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B9_%E0%B8%A3_%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99_%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B7_%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%92%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%94_%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%97%E0%B9%8D%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A3_%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99_A_Design_of_Instruction_Model_via_m_Learning_Using_Collaborative_Learning_Method_to_Enhance_Collaboration_Skills_?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_28606412","summary":"งานวิจัยครั้งนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อ 1) ออกแบบรูปแบบการเรียนการสอนผ่านเอ็มเลิร์นนิงด้วยวิธีการเรียนรู้ร่วมกันเพื่อพัฒนาทักษะด้านการทำงานร่วมกัน 2) ประเมินรูปแบบการเรียนการสอนผ่านเอ็มเลิร์นนิงด้วยวิธีการเรียนรู้ร่วมกันเพื่อพัฒนาทักษะด้านการทำงานร่วมกันโดยผู้เชี่ยวชาญ แบ่งออกเป็น 2 ขั้นตอน คือ 1) การออกแบบรูปแบบการเรียนการสอนผ่านเอ็มเลิร์นนิงด้วยวิธีการเรียนรู้ร่วมกันเพื่อพัฒนาทักษะด้านการทำงานร่วมกัน 2) การประเมินรูปแบบการเรียนการสอนผ่านเอ็มเลิร์นนิงด้วยวิธีการเรียนรู้ร่วมกันเพื่อพัฒนาทักษะด้านการทำงานร่วมกันโดยผู้เชี่ยวชาญ กลุ่มเป้าหมาย คือ ผู้เชี่ยวชาญด้านการออกแบบการเรียนการสอนผ่านเอ็มเลิร์นนิงและผู้เชี่ยวชาญด้านการเรียนการสอนด้วยวิธีเรียนรู้ร่วมกัน จำนวน 5 ท่าน ได้โดยการเลือกแบบเฉพาะเจาะจง (Purposive Selection) เครื่องมือที่ใช้ในการวิจัย คือ รูปแบบการเรียนการสอนผ่านเอ็มเลิร์นนิงด้วยวิธีการเรียนรู้ร่วมกันเพื่อพัฒนาทักษะด้านการทำงานร่วมกัน แบบประเมินรับรองรูปแบบการเรียนการสอนผ่านเอ็มเลิร์นนิงด้วยวิธีการเรียนรู้ร่วมกันเพื่อพัฒนาทักษะด้านการทำงานร่วมกัน สถิติที่ใช้ในการวิเคราะห์วิจัย ค่าเฉลี่ยเลขคณิต และส่วนเบี่ยงเบนมาตรฐาน ผลการวิจัยพบว่า 1) รูปแบบการเรียนการสอนผ่านเอ็มเลิร์นนิงด้วยวิธีการเรียนรู้ร่วมกันเพื่อพัฒนาทักษะด้านการทำงานร่วมกัน ประกอบด้วย 4 องค์ประกอบ คือ 1.1) การวิเคราะห์ปัญหาการเรียนการสอน 1.2) การเตรียมก่อนการเรียนการสอน 1.3) การจัดการเรียนการสอน ซึ่งประกอบด้วย 2 ขั้นตอน 1.3.1) การเรียนผ่านอุปกรณ์เคลื่อนที่ 1.3.2) การเรียนในห้องเรียน 1.4) การวัดและการประเมินผล \n2) ผู้เชี่ยวชาญจำนวน 5 ท่าน ทำการประเมินรูปแบบการเรียนการสอนมีความคิดเห็นว่า รูปแบบการเรียนการสอนผ่านเอ็มเลิร์นนิงด้วยวิธีการเรียนรู้ร่วมกันเพื่อพัฒนาทักษะด้านการทำงานร่วมกันมีความเหมาะสม","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48968493,"asset_id":28606412,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4465662,"first_name":"Kawita","last_name":"Panlumlers","domain_name":"dusit","page_name":"KawitaPanlumlers","display_name":"Kawita Panlumlers","profile_url":"https://dusit.academia.edu/KawitaPanlumlers?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4465662/1829032/11845834/s65_kawita.panlumlers.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1000,"name":"Instructional Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Instructional_Design?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":1763,"name":"Mobile Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mobile_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":4828,"name":"Collaboration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaboration?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":8679,"name":"Computer Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Supported_Collaborative_Learning_CSCL_?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":15869,"name":"Online Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Online_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_23772377" data-work_id="23772377" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23772377/The_Room_Where_It_Happens_How_Policy_and_Perception_are_at_Play_in_Museum_School_Relationships">The Room Where It Happens: How Policy and Perception are at Play in Museum-School Relationships</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">With the dawn of a new educational act, it’s easy to blame policy like No Child Left Behind (NCLB) for the lack of sustainable museum-school collaborations or partnerships. While policy has advanced the formal educational world,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_23772377" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">With the dawn of a new educational act, it’s easy to blame policy like No Child Left Behind (NCLB) for the lack of sustainable museum-school collaborations or partnerships. While policy has advanced the formal educational world, perception has prevented legislative growth in the museum sector. This dissertation attempts to explore the communicative barriers beyond NCLB with a review of relevant works, a small case study at George Washington’s Mount Vernon, and a survey conducted between teachers and museum professionals.<br /><br />The recent shift in museum pedagogy gives voice to the idea that museum’s role in society goes beyond the care and preservation of material culture, to an educational responsibility to the public. As educational institutions, museums are natural partners for schools, but long-standing collaborative programming or partnerships are often rare. Understanding the differences in the two institutions is a vital first step for bridging the communicative gap and the relationship between museum and schools. For teachers, the accountability atmosphere is often difficult to deal with, and having a viable partner can take some burden off the stresses of standards. Are teachers, and subsequently policy makers, seeing museums as a way to fill this need for educators? Or is the previous perception of museums holding them back as viable resources?</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/23772377" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cfab792b7911b2c6245c001b4b323570" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46022626,"asset_id":23772377,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46022626/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7419952" href="https://leicester.academia.edu/JSKennedy">Julia Kennedy</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7419952" type="text/json">{"id":7419952,"first_name":"Julia","last_name":"Kennedy","domain_name":"leicester","page_name":"JSKennedy","display_name":"Julia Kennedy","profile_url":"https://leicester.academia.edu/JSKennedy?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7419952/2720082/3167756/s65_js.kennedy.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_23772377 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="23772377"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 23772377, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_23772377", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_23772377 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23772377; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_23772377"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_23772377 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="23772377"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23772377; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=23772377]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_23772377").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_23772377").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="23772377"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="922" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education">Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="922" type="text/json">{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1601" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teacher_Education">Teacher Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1601" type="text/json">{"id":1601,"name":"Teacher Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teacher_Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1657" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Museum_Studies">Museum Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1657" type="text/json">{"id":1657,"name":"Museum Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Museum_Studies?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4828" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaboration">Collaboration</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="4828" type="text/json">{"id":4828,"name":"Collaboration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaboration?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=23772377]'), work: {"id":23772377,"title":"The Room Where It Happens: How Policy and Perception are at Play in Museum-School Relationships","created_at":"2016-03-29T13:56:23.742-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/23772377/The_Room_Where_It_Happens_How_Policy_and_Perception_are_at_Play_in_Museum_School_Relationships?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_23772377","summary":"With the dawn of a new educational act, it’s easy to blame policy like No Child Left Behind (NCLB) for the lack of sustainable museum-school collaborations or partnerships. While policy has advanced the formal educational world, perception has prevented legislative growth in the museum sector. This dissertation attempts to explore the communicative barriers beyond NCLB with a review of relevant works, a small case study at George Washington’s Mount Vernon, and a survey conducted between teachers and museum professionals.\n\nThe recent shift in museum pedagogy gives voice to the idea that museum’s role in society goes beyond the care and preservation of material culture, to an educational responsibility to the public. As educational institutions, museums are natural partners for schools, but long-standing collaborative programming or partnerships are often rare. Understanding the differences in the two institutions is a vital first step for bridging the communicative gap and the relationship between museum and schools. For teachers, the accountability atmosphere is often difficult to deal with, and having a viable partner can take some burden off the stresses of standards. Are teachers, and subsequently policy makers, seeing museums as a way to fill this need for educators? Or is the previous perception of museums holding them back as viable resources?","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46022626,"asset_id":23772377,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7419952,"first_name":"Julia","last_name":"Kennedy","domain_name":"leicester","page_name":"JSKennedy","display_name":"Julia Kennedy","profile_url":"https://leicester.academia.edu/JSKennedy?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7419952/2720082/3167756/s65_js.kennedy.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":922,"name":"Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":1601,"name":"Teacher Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teacher_Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":1657,"name":"Museum Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Museum_Studies?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":4828,"name":"Collaboration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaboration?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":6093,"name":"Museum Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Museum_Education?f_ri=35254"},{"id":13545,"name":"Teacher Training","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teacher_Training?f_ri=35254"},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":49261,"name":"No Child Left Behind","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/No_Child_Left_Behind?f_ri=35254"},{"id":115919,"name":"K-12 Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/K-12_Education?f_ri=35254"},{"id":124352,"name":"Museum and Gallery Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Museum_and_Gallery_Education?f_ri=35254"},{"id":294631,"name":"Educational role of Museums.","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_role_of_Museums?f_ri=35254"},{"id":526031,"name":"Museum Education and Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Museum_Education_and_Communication?f_ri=35254"},{"id":559039,"name":"K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/K_to_12_Basic_Education_Curriculum?f_ri=35254"},{"id":1223700,"name":"School-Public Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/School-Public_Relations?f_ri=35254"},{"id":1275727,"name":"Educational Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Policy?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_48149707" data-work_id="48149707" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/48149707/Children_as_computer_users_the_case_of_collaborative_learning">Children as computer users: the case of collaborative learning</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">ÐA modern enthusiasm for pupils to learn collaboratively within early education is identi®ed. It is shown that educational practice is in harmony with theories of learning promoted by developmental psychologists and also with studies of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_48149707" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">ÐA modern enthusiasm for pupils to learn collaboratively within early education is identi®ed. It is shown that educational practice is in harmony with theories of learning promoted by developmental psychologists and also with studies of classroom interventions evaluating cooperative learning regimes. However, observations of children's spontaneous interactions during routine small group work imply that the quality of collaboration is typically rather poor. This paper considers whether the cultivation of true collaborative learning is a realistic ambition with very young children. An analysis of the social dynamic at the heart of this form of learning suggests that it is well within the reach of children as a form of social exchange. However, it may be hard for them to exercise that dynamic under the particular formats demanded of schooled problem solving. It is argued that new technology oers a special potential for supporting the development of collaborative learning in early education. However, the scope of the resourcing required extends beyond meeting the traditional formats of circumscribed group work: designers for this style of learning need to address collaboration managed as a broader communal concern within the very fabric of educational settings.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/48149707" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0a3e807b208bfb4474f19b68295dddfa" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66911449,"asset_id":48149707,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66911449/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="526499" href="https://nottingham.academia.edu/charlescrook">charles crook</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="526499" type="text/json">{"id":526499,"first_name":"charles","last_name":"crook","domain_name":"nottingham","page_name":"charlescrook","display_name":"charles crook","profile_url":"https://nottingham.academia.edu/charlescrook?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/526499/186402/217298/s65_charles.crook.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_48149707 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="48149707"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 48149707, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_48149707", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_48149707 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48149707; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_48149707"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_48149707 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="48149707"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48149707; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48149707]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_48149707").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_48149707").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="48149707"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1003" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Technology">Educational Technology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1003" type="text/json">{"id":1003,"name":"Educational Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Technology?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3753" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Childhood_Education">Early Childhood Education</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3753" type="text/json">{"id":3753,"name":"Early Childhood Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Childhood_Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8876" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Literacy">Computer Literacy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8876" type="text/json">{"id":8876,"name":"Computer Literacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Literacy?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11141" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Group_Dynamics">Group Dynamics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="11141" type="text/json">{"id":11141,"name":"Group Dynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Group_Dynamics?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=48149707]'), work: {"id":48149707,"title":"Children as computer users: the case of collaborative learning","created_at":"2021-05-04T02:20:43.279-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/48149707/Children_as_computer_users_the_case_of_collaborative_learning?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_48149707","summary":"ÐA modern enthusiasm for pupils to learn collaboratively within early education is identi®ed. It is shown that educational practice is in harmony with theories of learning promoted by developmental psychologists and also with studies of classroom interventions evaluating cooperative learning regimes. However, observations of children's spontaneous interactions during routine small group work imply that the quality of collaboration is typically rather poor. This paper considers whether the cultivation of true collaborative learning is a realistic ambition with very young children. An analysis of the social dynamic at the heart of this form of learning suggests that it is well within the reach of children as a form of social exchange. However, it may be hard for them to exercise that dynamic under the particular formats demanded of schooled problem solving. It is argued that new technology oers a special potential for supporting the development of collaborative learning in early education. However, the scope of the resourcing required extends beyond meeting the traditional formats of circumscribed group work: designers for this style of learning need to address collaboration managed as a broader communal concern within the very fabric of educational settings.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66911449,"asset_id":48149707,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":526499,"first_name":"charles","last_name":"crook","domain_name":"nottingham","page_name":"charlescrook","display_name":"charles crook","profile_url":"https://nottingham.academia.edu/charlescrook?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/526499/186402/217298/s65_charles.crook.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1003,"name":"Educational Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Technology?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":3753,"name":"Early Childhood Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Childhood_Education?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":8876,"name":"Computer Literacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Literacy?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":11141,"name":"Group Dynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Group_Dynamics?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":49419,"name":"Problem Solving","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Problem_Solving?f_ri=35254"},{"id":53296,"name":"Computers in Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computers_in_Education?f_ri=35254"},{"id":55439,"name":"Cooperative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cooperative_Learning?f_ri=35254"},{"id":294472,"name":"Social dynamic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_dynamic?f_ri=35254"},{"id":400907,"name":"Social Exchange","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Exchange?f_ri=35254"},{"id":644542,"name":"Theories of Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theories_of_Learning?f_ri=35254"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_31616786" data-work_id="31616786" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31616786/Un_Modelo_Ontologico_para_el_Aprendizaje_colaborativo_EDUCERE_2014_pdf">Un Modelo Ontologico para el Aprendizaje colaborativo EDUCERE 2014.pdf</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">En la educación interactiva a distancia el aprendizaje colaborativo se convierte en una estrategia importante que soporta la interacción y el trabajo en grupo entre los actores, permitiendo desarrollar procesos de adquisición y... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_31616786" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">En la educación interactiva a distancia el aprendizaje colaborativo se convierte en una estrategia importante que soporta la interacción y el<br />trabajo en grupo entre los actores, permitiendo desarrollar procesos de adquisición y construcción de conocimientos. En la inteligencia artificial<br />la colaboración se realiza con la ayuda de agentes, ontologías y bases de conocimiento. Las ontologías permiten definir y representar los términos que se usan en un cierto dominio, para que luego puedan ser reutilizados y compartidos. Este trabajo plantea una ontología, utilizando la metodología Methontology para su desarrollo, que representa el modelo del aprendizaje colaborativo, los elementos que lo conforman, así como las reglas de los procesos de gestión en la interacción siguiendo las pautas propias de una ambiente empresarial.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/31616786" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b2866ff8efffb9009bb31c022022f4be" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51943809,"asset_id":31616786,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51943809/download_file?st=MTc0MTU2MzE1NSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="53530399" href="https://utfsm.academia.edu/AnaMu%C3%B1ozGarc%C3%ADa">Ana C Muñoz García</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="53530399" type="text/json">{"id":53530399,"first_name":"Ana","last_name":"Muñoz García","domain_name":"utfsm","page_name":"AnaMuñozGarcía","display_name":"Ana C Muñoz García","profile_url":"https://utfsm.academia.edu/AnaMu%C3%B1ozGarc%C3%ADa?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/53530399/15323575/15976031/s65_ana_celina.mu_oz.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_31616786 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="31616786"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 31616786, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_31616786", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_31616786 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 31616786; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_31616786"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_31616786 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="31616786"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 31616786; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=31616786]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_31616786").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_31616786").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="31616786"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5105" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ontology_Computer_Science_">Ontology (Computer Science)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5105" type="text/json">{"id":5105,"name":"Ontology (Computer Science)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ontology_Computer_Science_?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35254" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning">Collaborative Learning</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="35254" type="text/json">{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=31616786]'), work: {"id":31616786,"title":"Un Modelo Ontologico para el Aprendizaje colaborativo EDUCERE 2014.pdf","created_at":"2017-02-26T12:23:45.496-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/31616786/Un_Modelo_Ontologico_para_el_Aprendizaje_colaborativo_EDUCERE_2014_pdf?f_ri=35254","dom_id":"work_31616786","summary":"En la educación interactiva a distancia el aprendizaje colaborativo se convierte en una estrategia importante que soporta la interacción y el\ntrabajo en grupo entre los actores, permitiendo desarrollar procesos de adquisición y construcción de conocimientos. En la inteligencia artificial\nla colaboración se realiza con la ayuda de agentes, ontologías y bases de conocimiento. Las ontologías permiten definir y representar los términos que se usan en un cierto dominio, para que luego puedan ser reutilizados y compartidos. Este trabajo plantea una ontología, utilizando la metodología Methontology para su desarrollo, que representa el modelo del aprendizaje colaborativo, los elementos que lo conforman, así como las reglas de los procesos de gestión en la interacción siguiendo las pautas propias de una ambiente empresarial.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51943809,"asset_id":31616786,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":53530399,"first_name":"Ana","last_name":"Muñoz García","domain_name":"utfsm","page_name":"AnaMuñozGarcía","display_name":"Ana C Muñoz García","profile_url":"https://utfsm.academia.edu/AnaMu%C3%B1ozGarc%C3%ADa?f_ri=35254","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/53530399/15323575/15976031/s65_ana_celina.mu_oz.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5105,"name":"Ontology (Computer Science)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ontology_Computer_Science_?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true},{"id":35254,"name":"Collaborative Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?f_ri=35254","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="u-taCenter Pagination"><ul class="pagination"><li class="next_page"><a href="/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?after=50%2C31616786&show_topics_redesign=false" rel="next">Next</a></li><li class="last next"><a href="/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning?page=last&show_topics_redesign=false">Last »</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="hidden-xs hidden-sm"><div class="u-pl6x"><div style="width: 300px;"><div class="panel panel-flat u-mt7x"><div class="panel-heading u-p5x"><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-taCenter u-fw700 u-textUppercase">Related Topics</div></div><ul class="list-group"><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Supported_Collaborative_Learning_CSCL_">Computer Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL)</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="8679">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="8679">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Problem-Based_Learning">Problem-Based Learning</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="28799">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="28799">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CSCL">CSCL</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="26009">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="26009">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Learning_Sciences">Learning Sciences</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="2505">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="2505">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technology_Enhanced_Learning">Technology Enhanced Learning</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="17758">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="17758">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaboration">Collaboration</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="4828">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="4828">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Educational_Technology">Educational Technology</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="1003">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="1003">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/E-learning">E-learning</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="1609">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="1609">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Online_Learning">Online Learning</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="15869">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="15869">Following</a></div></li><li class="list-group-item media_v2 u-mt0x u-p3x"><div class="media-body"><div class="u-tcGrayDarker u-fw700"><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Distance_Learning">Distance Learning</a></div></div><div class="media-right media-middle"><a class="u-tcGreen u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-follow-ri-id="24943">Follow</a><a class="u-tcGray u-textDecorationNone u-linkUnstyled u-fw500 hidden" data-unfollow-ri-id="24943">Following</a></div></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></div><script>// MIT License // Copyright © 2011 Sebastian Tschan, https://blueimp.net // Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of // this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in // the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to // use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of // the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, // subject to the following conditions: // The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all // copies or substantial portions of the Software. // THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR // IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS // FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR // COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER // IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN // CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. !function(n){"use strict";function d(n,t){var r=(65535&n)+(65535&t);return(n>>16)+(t>>16)+(r>>16)<<16|65535&r}function f(n,t,r,e,o,u){return d((c=d(d(t,n),d(e,u)))<<(f=o)|c>>>32-f,r);var c,f}function l(n,t,r,e,o,u,c){return f(t&r|~t&e,n,t,o,u,c)}function v(n,t,r,e,o,u,c){return f(t&e|r&~e,n,t,o,u,c)}function g(n,t,r,e,o,u,c){return f(t^r^e,n,t,o,u,c)}function m(n,t,r,e,o,u,c){return f(r^(t|~e),n,t,o,u,c)}function i(n,t){var r,e,o,u;n[t>>5]|=128<<t%32,n[14+(t+64>>>9<<4)]=t;for(var c=1732584193,f=-271733879,i=-1732584194,a=271733878,h=0;h<n.length;h+=16)c=l(r=c,e=f,o=i,u=a,n[h],7,-680876936),a=l(a,c,f,i,n[h+1],12,-389564586),i=l(i,a,c,f,n[h+2],17,606105819),f=l(f,i,a,c,n[h+3],22,-1044525330),c=l(c,f,i,a,n[h+4],7,-176418897),a=l(a,c,f,i,n[h+5],12,1200080426),i=l(i,a,c,f,n[h+6],17,-1473231341),f=l(f,i,a,c,n[h+7],22,-45705983),c=l(c,f,i,a,n[h+8],7,1770035416),a=l(a,c,f,i,n[h+9],12,-1958414417),i=l(i,a,c,f,n[h+10],17,-42063),f=l(f,i,a,c,n[h+11],22,-1990404162),c=l(c,f,i,a,n[h+12],7,1804603682),a=l(a,c,f,i,n[h+13],12,-40341101),i=l(i,a,c,f,n[h+14],17,-1502002290),c=v(c,f=l(f,i,a,c,n[h+15],22,1236535329),i,a,n[h+1],5,-165796510),a=v(a,c,f,i,n[h+6],9,-1069501632),i=v(i,a,c,f,n[h+11],14,643717713),f=v(f,i,a,c,n[h],20,-373897302),c=v(c,f,i,a,n[h+5],5,-701558691),a=v(a,c,f,i,n[h+10],9,38016083),i=v(i,a,c,f,n[h+15],14,-660478335),f=v(f,i,a,c,n[h+4],20,-405537848),c=v(c,f,i,a,n[h+9],5,568446438),a=v(a,c,f,i,n[h+14],9,-1019803690),i=v(i,a,c,f,n[h+3],14,-187363961),f=v(f,i,a,c,n[h+8],20,1163531501),c=v(c,f,i,a,n[h+13],5,-1444681467),a=v(a,c,f,i,n[h+2],9,-51403784),i=v(i,a,c,f,n[h+7],14,1735328473),c=g(c,f=v(f,i,a,c,n[h+12],20,-1926607734),i,a,n[h+5],4,-378558),a=g(a,c,f,i,n[h+8],11,-2022574463),i=g(i,a,c,f,n[h+11],16,1839030562),f=g(f,i,a,c,n[h+14],23,-35309556),c=g(c,f,i,a,n[h+1],4,-1530992060),a=g(a,c,f,i,n[h+4],11,1272893353),i=g(i,a,c,f,n[h+7],16,-155497632),f=g(f,i,a,c,n[h+10],23,-1094730640),c=g(c,f,i,a,n[h+13],4,681279174),a=g(a,c,f,i,n[h],11,-358537222),i=g(i,a,c,f,n[h+3],16,-722521979),f=g(f,i,a,c,n[h+6],23,76029189),c=g(c,f,i,a,n[h+9],4,-640364487),a=g(a,c,f,i,n[h+12],11,-421815835),i=g(i,a,c,f,n[h+15],16,530742520),c=m(c,f=g(f,i,a,c,n[h+2],23,-995338651),i,a,n[h],6,-198630844),a=m(a,c,f,i,n[h+7],10,1126891415),i=m(i,a,c,f,n[h+14],15,-1416354905),f=m(f,i,a,c,n[h+5],21,-57434055),c=m(c,f,i,a,n[h+12],6,1700485571),a=m(a,c,f,i,n[h+3],10,-1894986606),i=m(i,a,c,f,n[h+10],15,-1051523),f=m(f,i,a,c,n[h+1],21,-2054922799),c=m(c,f,i,a,n[h+8],6,1873313359),a=m(a,c,f,i,n[h+15],10,-30611744),i=m(i,a,c,f,n[h+6],15,-1560198380),f=m(f,i,a,c,n[h+13],21,1309151649),c=m(c,f,i,a,n[h+4],6,-145523070),a=m(a,c,f,i,n[h+11],10,-1120210379),i=m(i,a,c,f,n[h+2],15,718787259),f=m(f,i,a,c,n[h+9],21,-343485551),c=d(c,r),f=d(f,e),i=d(i,o),a=d(a,u);return[c,f,i,a]}function a(n){for(var t="",r=32*n.length,e=0;e<r;e+=8)t+=String.fromCharCode(n[e>>5]>>>e%32&255);return t}function h(n){var t=[];for(t[(n.length>>2)-1]=void 0,e=0;e<t.length;e+=1)t[e]=0;for(var r=8*n.length,e=0;e<r;e+=8)t[e>>5]|=(255&n.charCodeAt(e/8))<<e%32;return t}function e(n){for(var t,r="0123456789abcdef",e="",o=0;o<n.length;o+=1)t=n.charCodeAt(o),e+=r.charAt(t>>>4&15)+r.charAt(15&t);return e}function r(n){return unescape(encodeURIComponent(n))}function o(n){return a(i(h(t=r(n)),8*t.length));var t}function u(n,t){return function(n,t){var r,e,o=h(n),u=[],c=[];for(u[15]=c[15]=void 0,16<o.length&&(o=i(o,8*n.length)),r=0;r<16;r+=1)u[r]=909522486^o[r],c[r]=1549556828^o[r];return e=i(u.concat(h(t)),512+8*t.length),a(i(c.concat(e),640))}(r(n),r(t))}function t(n,t,r){return t?r?u(t,n):e(u(t,n)):r?o(n):e(o(n))}"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(function(){return t}):"object"==typeof module&&module.exports?module.exports=t:n.md5=t}(this);</script><script>window.AbTest = (function() { return { 'ab_test': (uniqueId, test_name, buckets) => { let override = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search).get(`ab_test[${test_name}]`); if ( override ) { return override; } const bucketNames = buckets.map((bucket) => { return typeof bucket === 'string' ? bucket : Object.keys(bucket)[0]; }); const weights = buckets.map((bucket) => { return typeof bucket === 'string' ? 1 : Object.values(bucket)[0]; }); const total = weights.reduce((sum, weight) => sum + weight); const hash = md5(`${uniqueId}${test_name}`); const hashNum = parseInt(hash.slice(-12), 16); let bucketPoint = total * (hashNum % 100000) / 100000; const bucket = bucketNames.find((_, i) => { if (weights[i] > bucketPoint) { return true; } bucketPoint -= weights[i]; return false; }); return bucket; } }; })();</script><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><script>function onGoogleOneTapEvent(event) { var momentType = event.getMomentType(); var momentReason = null; if (event.isNotDisplayed()) { momentReason = event.getNotDisplayedReason(); } else if (event.isSkippedMoment()) { momentReason = event.getSkippedReason(); } else if (event.isDismissedMoment()) { momentReason = event.getDismissedReason(); } Aedu.arbitraryEvents.write('GoogleOneTapEvent', { moment_type: momentType, moment_reason: momentReason, }); }</script><script>(function() { var auvid = unescape( document.cookie .split(/; ?/) .find((s) => s.startsWith('auvid')) .substring(6)); var bucket = AbTest.ab_test(auvid, 'lo_ri_one_tap_google_sign_on', ['control', 'one_tap_google_sign_on']); if (bucket === 'control') return; var oneTapTag = document.createElement('script') oneTapTag.async = true oneTapTag.defer = true oneTapTag.src = 'https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client' document.body.appendChild(oneTapTag) })();</script></div></div></div> </div> <div class="bootstrap login"><div class="modal fade login-modal" id="login-modal"><div class="login-modal-dialog modal-dialog"><div class="modal-content"><div class="modal-header"><button class="close close" data-dismiss="modal" type="button"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span><span class="sr-only">Close</span></button><h4 class="modal-title text-center"><strong>Log In</strong></h4></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><button class="btn btn-fb btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-facebook-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 19px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="facebook-square" class="svg-inline--fa fa-facebook-square fa-w-14" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M400 32H48A48 48 0 0 0 0 80v352a48 48 0 0 0 48 48h137.25V327.69h-63V256h63v-54.64c0-62.15 37-96.48 93.67-96.48 27.14 0 55.52 4.84 55.52 4.84v61h-31.27c-30.81 0-40.42 19.12-40.42 38.73V256h68.78l-11 71.69h-57.78V480H400a48 48 0 0 0 48-48V80a48 48 0 0 0-48-48z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Facebook</strong></small></button><br /><button class="btn btn-google btn-lg btn-block btn-v-center-content" id="login-google-oauth-button"><svg style="float: left; width: 22px; line-height: 1em; margin-right: .3em;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fab" data-icon="google-plus" class="svg-inline--fa fa-google-plus fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M256,8C119.1,8,8,119.1,8,256S119.1,504,256,504,504,392.9,504,256,392.9,8,256,8ZM185.3,380a124,124,0,0,1,0-248c31.3,0,60.1,11,83,32.3l-33.6,32.6c-13.2-12.9-31.3-19.1-49.4-19.1-42.9,0-77.2,35.5-77.2,78.1S142.3,334,185.3,334c32.6,0,64.9-19.1,70.1-53.3H185.3V238.1H302.2a109.2,109.2,0,0,1,1.9,20.7c0,70.8-47.5,121.2-118.8,121.2ZM415.5,273.8v35.5H380V273.8H344.5V238.3H380V202.8h35.5v35.5h35.2v35.5Z"></path></svg><small><strong>Log in</strong> with <strong>Google</strong></small></button><br /><style type="text/css">.sign-in-with-apple-button { width: 100%; height: 52px; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid black; cursor: pointer; } .sign-in-with-apple-button > div { margin: 0 auto; / This centers the Apple-rendered button horizontally }</style><script src="https://appleid.cdn-apple.com/appleauth/static/jsapi/appleid/1/en_US/appleid.auth.js" type="text/javascript"></script><div class="sign-in-with-apple-button" data-border="false" data-color="white" id="appleid-signin"><span   ="Sign Up with Apple" class="u-fs11"></span></div><script>AppleID.auth.init({ clientId: 'edu.academia.applesignon', scope: 'name email', redirectURI: 'https://www.academia.edu/sessions', state: "1d3cdda8e451de5af3b9c7de755dde652660e84404e792d4be7cb549ab5ad26b", });</script><script>// Hacky way of checking if on fast loswp if (window.loswp == null) { (function() { const Google = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Google; const Facebook = window?.Aedu?.Auth?.OauthButton?.Login?.Facebook; if (Google) { new Google({ el: '#login-google-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } if (Facebook) { new Facebook({ el: '#login-facebook-oauth-button', rememberMeCheckboxId: 'remember_me', track: null }); } })(); }</script></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><div class="hr-heading login-hr-heading"><span class="hr-heading-text">or</span></div></div></div></div><div class="modal-body"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-1"><form class="js-login-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/sessions" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="GmmywczmAgj-vvD6J222q-UglkaqKnixiDevu5O8k8j4vVSkF86xgpLjZK8IGXybISmtSFoJYGICn2sjuTkq9Q" autocomplete="off" /><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-email-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Email</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-email-input" name="login" type="email" /></div><div class="form-group"><label class="control-label" for="login-modal-password-input" style="font-size: 14px;">Password</label><input class="form-control" id="login-modal-password-input" name="password" type="password" /></div><input type="hidden" name="post_login_redirect_url" id="post_login_redirect_url" value="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collaborative_Learning" autocomplete="off" /><div class="checkbox"><label><input type="checkbox" name="remember_me" id="remember_me" value="1" checked="checked" /><small style="font-size: 12px; margin-top: 2px; display: inline-block;">Remember me on this computer</small></label></div><br><input type="submit" name="commit" value="Log In" class="btn btn-primary btn-block btn-lg js-login-submit" data-disable-with="Log In" /></br></form><script>typeof window?.Aedu?.recaptchaManagedForm === 'function' && window.Aedu.recaptchaManagedForm( document.querySelector('.js-login-form'), document.querySelector('.js-login-submit') );</script><small style="font-size: 12px;"><br />or <a data-target="#login-modal-reset-password-container" data-toggle="collapse" href="javascript:void(0)">reset password</a></small><div class="collapse" id="login-modal-reset-password-container"><br /><div class="well margin-0x"><form class="js-password-reset-form" action="https://www.academia.edu/reset_password" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"><input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="ntX_hdfIGcjxq_oheKLpvii7s_zo1ahmHvYeprQx8xx8ARngDOCqQp32bnRX1iOO7LKI8hj2sLWUXto-nrRKIQ" autocomplete="off" /><p>Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link.</p><div class="form-group"><input class="form-control" name="email" type="email" /></div><script src="https://recaptcha.net/recaptcha/api.js" async defer></script> <script> var invisibleRecaptchaSubmit = function () { var closestForm = function (ele) { var curEle = ele.parentNode; while (curEle.nodeName !== 'FORM' && curEle.nodeName !== 'BODY'){ curEle = curEle.parentNode; } return curEle.nodeName === 'FORM' ? curEle : null }; var eles = document.getElementsByClassName('g-recaptcha'); if (eles.length > 0) { var form = closestForm(eles[0]); if (form) { form.submit(); } } }; </script> <input type="submit" data-sitekey="6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj" data-callback="invisibleRecaptchaSubmit" class="g-recaptcha btn btn-primary btn-block" value="Email me a link" value=""/> </form></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/collapse-45805421cf446ca5adf7aaa1935b08a3a8d1d9a6cc5d91a62a2a3a00b20b3e6a.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb $("#login-modal-reset-password-container").on("shown.bs.collapse", function() { $(this).find("input[type=email]").focus(); }); }); </script> </div></div></div><div class="modal-footer"><div class="text-center"><small style="font-size: 12px;">Need an account? <a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/signup">Click here to sign up</a></small></div></div></div></div></div></div><script>// If we are on subdomain or non-bootstrapped page, redirect to login page instead of showing modal (function(){ if (typeof $ === 'undefined') return; var host = window.location.hostname; if ((host === $domain || host === "www."+$domain) && (typeof $().modal === 'function')) { $("#nav_log_in").click(function(e) { // Don't follow the link and open the modal e.preventDefault(); $("#login-modal").on('shown.bs.modal', function() { $(this).find("#login-modal-email-input").focus() }).modal('show'); }); } })()</script> <div class="bootstrap" id="footer"><div class="footer-content clearfix text-center padding-top-7x" style="width:100%;"><ul class="footer-links-secondary footer-links-wide list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/about">About</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/press">Press</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/documents">Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/topics">Topics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/journals">Academia.edu Journals</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/hiring"><svg style="width: 13px; height: 13px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="briefcase" class="svg-inline--fa fa-briefcase fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M320 336c0 8.84-7.16 16-16 16h-96c-8.84 0-16-7.16-16-16v-48H0v144c0 25.6 22.4 48 48 48h416c25.6 0 48-22.4 48-48V288H320v48zm144-208h-80V80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48H176c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v48H48c-25.6 0-48 22.4-48 48v80h512v-80c0-25.6-22.4-48-48-48zm-144 0H192V96h128v32z"></path></svg> <strong>We're Hiring!</strong></a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://support.academia.edu/hc/en-us"><svg style="width: 12px; height: 12px;" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="question-circle" class="svg-inline--fa fa-question-circle fa-w-16" role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M504 256c0 136.997-111.043 248-248 248S8 392.997 8 256C8 119.083 119.043 8 256 8s248 111.083 248 248zM262.655 90c-54.497 0-89.255 22.957-116.549 63.758-3.536 5.286-2.353 12.415 2.715 16.258l34.699 26.31c5.205 3.947 12.621 3.008 16.665-2.122 17.864-22.658 30.113-35.797 57.303-35.797 20.429 0 45.698 13.148 45.698 32.958 0 14.976-12.363 22.667-32.534 33.976C247.128 238.528 216 254.941 216 296v4c0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12h56c6.627 0 12-5.373 12-12v-1.333c0-28.462 83.186-29.647 83.186-106.667 0-58.002-60.165-102-116.531-102zM256 338c-25.365 0-46 20.635-46 46 0 25.364 20.635 46 46 46s46-20.636 46-46c0-25.365-20.635-46-46-46z"></path></svg> <strong>Help Center</strong></a></li></ul><ul class="footer-links-tertiary list-inline margin-bottom-1x"><li class="small">Find new research papers in:</li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics">Physics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemistry">Chemistry</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Sciences">Health Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecology">Ecology</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Earth_Sciences">Earth Sciences</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematics">Mathematics</a></li><li class="small"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Science">Computer Science</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="DesignSystem" id="credit" style="width:100%;"><ul class="u-pl0x footer-links-legal list-inline"><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/terms">Terms</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/privacy">Privacy</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/copyright">Copyright</a></li><li>Academia ©2025</li></ul></div><script> //<![CDATA[ window.detect_gmtoffset = true; window.Academia && window.Academia.set_gmtoffset && Academia.set_gmtoffset('/gmtoffset'); //]]> </script> <div id='overlay_background'></div> <div id='bootstrap-modal-container' class='bootstrap'></div> <div id='ds-modal-container' class='bootstrap DesignSystem'></div> <div id='full-screen-modal'></div> </div> </body> </html>