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vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pārvietot uz sānjoslu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">paslēpt</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Sākums</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Izveidošana" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Izveidošana"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Izveidošana</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Izveidošana-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pārvalde" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pārvalde"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Pārvalde</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pārvalde-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sabrukums" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sabrukums"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Sabrukums</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sabrukums-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reliģija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reliģija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Reliģija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reliģija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mongoļu_impērija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mongoļu_impērija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Mongoļu impērija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mongoļu_impērija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Juaņu_valdnieki" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Juaņu_valdnieki"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Juaņu valdnieki</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Juaņu_valdnieki-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Atsauces" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Atsauces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Atsauces</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Atsauces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ārējās_saites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ārējās_saites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Ārējās saites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ārējās_saites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Saturs" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Pārslēgt satura rādītāju" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Pārslēgt satura rādītāju</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Juaņu dinastija</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pāriet uz rakstu citā valodā. Pieejams 95 valodās" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-95" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">95 valodas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuan-dinastie" title="Yuan-dinastie – afrikandu" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Yuan-dinastie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikandu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuan-Dynastie" title="Yuan-Dynastie – Šveices vācu" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Yuan-Dynastie" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Šveices vācu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-alt mw-list-item"><a href="https://alt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%83_%D3%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Улу Ӱан каандык – dienvidaltajiešu" lang="alt" hreflang="alt" data-title="Улу Ӱан каандык" data-language-autonym="Алтай тил" data-language-local-name="dienvidaltajiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Алтай тил</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A9_%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%85%D8%A9" title="سلالة يوان الحاكمة – arābu" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سلالة يوان الحاكمة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arābu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinast%C3%ADa_Yuan" title="Dinastía Yuan – astūriešu" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Dinastía Yuan" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="astūriešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuan_imperiyas%C4%B1" title="Yuan imperiyası – azerbaidžāņu" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Yuan imperiyası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaidžāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C_(%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Юань (династия) – baškīru" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Юань (династия)" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškīru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C_(%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F)" title="Юань (імперыя) – baltkrievu" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Юань (імперыя)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="baltkrievu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Юен – bulgāru" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Юен" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgāru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A1%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" title="ཡོན་རྒྱལ་རབས། – tibetiešu" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཡོན་རྒྱལ་རབས།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%85%D1%8D_%D0%AE%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Ехэ Юань Улас – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Ехэ Юань Улас" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastia_Yuan" title="Dinastia Yuan – katalāņu" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Dinastia Yuan" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngu%C3%B2ng-di%C3%A8u" title="Nguòng-dièu – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Nguòng-dièu" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%86%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%8C_%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ئیمپراتۆریەتی یوان – centrālkurdu" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئیمپراتۆریەتی یوان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centrālkurdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%98%C3%AD%C5%A1e_J%C3%BCan" title="Říše Jüan – čehu" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Říše Jüan" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="čehu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%B9%C4%83%D1%85-%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81%C4%95%D0%BB%C4%95" title="Юань йăх-несĕлĕ – čuvašu" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Юань йăх-несĕлĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čuvašu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brenhinllin_Yuan" title="Brenhinllin Yuan – velsiešu" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Brenhinllin Yuan" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="velsiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuan-dynastiet" title="Yuan-dynastiet – dāņu" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Yuan-dynastiet" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuan-Dynastie" title="Yuan-Dynastie – vācu" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Yuan-Dynastie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="vācu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%93%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%AC%CE%BD" title="Δυναστεία Γιουάν – grieķu" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Δυναστεία Γιουάν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grieķu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuan_dynasty" title="Yuan dynasty – angļu" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Yuan dynasty" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastio_Yuan" title="Dinastio Yuan – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Dinastio Yuan" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinast%C3%ADa_Yuan" title="Dinastía Yuan – spāņu" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Dinastía Yuan" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuani_d%C3%BCnastia" title="Yuani dünastia – igauņu" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Yuani dünastia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="igauņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuan_dinastia" title="Yuan dinastia – basku" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Yuan dinastia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A2%D9%86" title="دودمان یوآن – persiešu" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دودمان یوآن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuan-dynastia" title="Yuan-dynastia – somu" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Yuan-dynastia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="somu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuani_d%C3%BCnastia" title="Yuani dünastia – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Yuani dünastia" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynastie_Yuan" title="Dynastie Yuan – franču" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Dynastie Yuan" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franču" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuan-D%C3%BCnastii" title="Yuan-Dünastii – ziemeļfrīzu" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Yuan-Dünastii" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="ziemeļfrīzu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADshliocht_Yuan" title="Ríshliocht Yuan – īru" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ríshliocht Yuan" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="īru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%83" title="元 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="元" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinast%C3%ADa_Yuan" title="Dinastía Yuan – galisiešu" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Dinastía Yuan" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngi%C3%A8n-chh%C3%A8u" title="Ngièn-chhèu – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Ngièn-chhèu" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%AA_%D7%99%D7%95%D7%90%D7%9F" title="שושלת יואן – ivrits" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שושלת יואן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ivrits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6" title="युआन राजवंश – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="युआन राजवंश" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastija_Yuan" title="Dinastija Yuan – horvātu" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Dinastija Yuan" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="horvātu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%BCan-dinasztia" title="Jüan-dinasztia – ungāru" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Jüan-dinasztia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungāru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinasti_Yuan" title="Dinasti Yuan – indonēziešu" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Dinasti Yuan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonēziešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%BAanveldi%C3%B0" title="Júanveldið – islandiešu" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Júanveldið" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastia_Yuan" title="Dinastia Yuan – itāļu" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Dinastia Yuan" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%83_(%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D)" title="元 (王朝) – japāņu" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="元 (王朝)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wangsa_Yuan" title="Wangsa Yuan – javiešu" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Wangsa Yuan" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="იუანის დინასტია – gruzīnu" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="იუანის დინასტია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzīnu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Юань Империясы – kazahu" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Юань Империясы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%87%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%84%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93" title="រាជវង្សយាន – khmeru" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="រាជវង្សយាន" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmeru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9B%90%EB%82%98%EB%9D%BC" title="원나라 – korejiešu" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="원나라" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xanedana_Yuan" title="Xanedana Yuan – kurdu" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Xanedana Yuan" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastia_Yuan" title="Dinastia Yuan – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Dinastia Yuan" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan%C5%B3_dinastija" title="Juanų dinastija – lietuviešu" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Juanų dinastija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lietuviešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D1%83%D0%B5%D0%BD_(%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0)" title="Јуен (династија) – maķedoniešu" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Јуен (династија)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="maķedoniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%82" title="യുവാൻ രാജവംശം – malajalu" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="യുവാൻ രാജവംശം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="vērtīgs raksts"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81" title="Юань Улс – mongoļu" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Юань Улс" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongoļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6" title="युआन राजवंश – marathu" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="युआन राजवंश" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinasti_Yuan" title="Dinasti Yuan – malajiešu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Dinasti Yuan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BD%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%86%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA" title="ယွမ်မင်းဆက် – birmiešu" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ယွမ်မင်းဆက်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6" title="युआन राजवंश – nevaru" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="युआन राजवंश" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="nevaru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuan-dynastie" title="Yuan-dynastie – holandiešu" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Yuan-dynastie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="holandiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuan-dynastiet" title="Yuan-dynastiet – jaunnorvēģu" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Yuan-dynastiet" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="jaunnorvēģu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="labs raksts"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuan-dynastiet" title="Yuan-dynastiet – norvēģu bukmols" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Yuan-dynastiet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvēģu bukmols" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastia_Yuan" title="Dinastia Yuan – oksitāņu" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Dinastia Yuan" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynastia_Yuan" title="Dynastia Yuan – poļu" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Dynastia Yuan" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A2%D9%86_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AC%D9%B9%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="یوآن راجٹبر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="یوآن راجٹبر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86%DB%8D" title="يوان کورنۍ – puštu" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="يوان کورنۍ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="puštu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastia_Yuan" title="Dinastia Yuan – portugāļu" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Dinastia Yuan" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastia_Yuan" title="Dinastia Yuan – rumāņu" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Dinastia Yuan" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C_(%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Юань (империя) – krievu" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Юань (империя)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="krievu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastija_Yuan" title="Dinastija Yuan – serbu–horvātu" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Dinastija Yuan" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbu–horvātu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%82%E0%B7%81%E0%B6%BA" title="යුවාන් රාජවංශය – singāļu" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="යුවාන් රාජවංශය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuan_dynasty" title="Yuan dynasty – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Yuan dynasty" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%BCan_(dynastia)" title="Jüan (dynastia) – slovāku" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Jüan (dynastia)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovāku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastia_Yuan" title="Dinastia Yuan – albāņu" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Dinastia Yuan" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Јуанско царство – serbu" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Јуанско царство" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuandynastin" title="Yuandynastin – zviedru" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Yuandynastin" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="zviedru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasaba_ya_Yuan" title="Nasaba ya Yuan – svahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Nasaba ya Yuan" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81" title="யுவான் அரசமரபு – tamilu" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="யுவான் அரசமரபு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%99" title="ราชวงศ์หยวน – taju" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ราชวงศ์หยวน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="taju" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastiyang_Yuan" title="Dinastiyang Yuan – tagalu" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Dinastiyang Yuan" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuan_Hanedan%C4%B1" title="Yuan Hanedanı – turku" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yuan Hanedanı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D2%AF%D1%80%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8" title="Юан күрүнези – tuviešu" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Юан күрүнези" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuviešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%DB%88%DB%95%D9%86_%D8%B3%DB%87%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%89%D8%B3%D9%89" title="يۈەن سۇلالىسى – uiguru" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="يۈەن سۇلالىسى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uiguru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%AE%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Династія Юань – ukraiņu" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Династія Юань" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraiņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A2%D9%86_%D8%B4%D8%A7%DB%81%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%81" title="یوآن شاہی سلسلہ – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="یوآن شاہی سلسلہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuan_(sulola)" title="Yuan (sulola) – uzbeku" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Yuan (sulola)" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nh%C3%A0_Nguy%C3%AAn" title="Nhà Nguyên – vjetnamiešu" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nhà Nguyên" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vjetnamiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastiya_Yuan" title="Dinastiya Yuan – varaju" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Dinastiya Yuan" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varaju" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D" title="元朝 – vu ķīniešu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="元朝" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="vu ķīniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D1%82%D3%A9%D1%80" title="Юан өнчин төр – kalmiku" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Юан өнчин төр" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="kalmiku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="იუანიშ დინასტია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="იუანიშ დინასტია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yienzciuz" title="Yienzciuz – džuanu" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Yienzciuz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="džuanu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B4%B3%E2%B5%8D%E2%B4%B7%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%9C_%E2%B5%8F_%E2%B5%A2%E2%B5%A1%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F" title="ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵡⴰⵏ – standarta tamazigtu (Maroka)" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵡⴰⵏ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="standarta tamazigtu (Maroka)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="vērtīgs raksts"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D" title="元朝 – ķīniešu" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="元朝" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ķīniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%83" title="元 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="元" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a 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data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Izskats</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pārvietot uz sānjoslu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">paslēpt</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Vikipēdijas lapa</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Pāradresēts no <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jua%C5%86u_imp%C4%93rija&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Juaņu impērija">Juaņu impērija</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="lv" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Yuan_Provinces.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Yuan_Provinces.png/220px-Yuan_Provinces.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Yuan_Provinces.png/330px-Yuan_Provinces.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Yuan_Provinces.png/440px-Yuan_Provinces.png 2x" data-file-width="1273" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption>Juaņu impērijas provinces, 1330</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Juaņu dinastija</b> (<a href="/wiki/%C4%B6%C4%ABnie%C5%A1u_valoda" title="Ķīniešu valoda">ķīniešu</a>: <span lang="zh">元朝</span> <i>Yuan cháo</i>, <a href="/wiki/Mongo%C4%BCu_valoda" title="Mongoļu valoda">mongoļu</a>: <span lang="mn"><i><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:%D0%98%D1%85_%D0%AE%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/%D0%98%D1%85_%D0%AE%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81.PNG/60px-%D0%98%D1%85_%D0%AE%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81.PNG" decoding="async" width="60" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/%D0%98%D1%85_%D0%AE%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81.PNG/90px-%D0%98%D1%85_%D0%AE%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/%D0%98%D1%85_%D0%AE%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81.PNG/120px-%D0%98%D1%85_%D0%AE%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81.PNG 2x" data-file-width="129" data-file-height="66" /></a></span></i></span> <i>Их Юань улс</i>) bija <a href="/wiki/Mongo%C4%BCu_imp%C4%93rija" title="Mongoļu impērija">Mongoļu impērijas</a> <a href="/wiki/Hans" title="Hans">hanu</a> dinastija, kas valdīja <a href="/wiki/%C4%B6%C4%ABna" title="Ķīna">Ķīnā</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mongolija" title="Mongolija">Mongolijā</a>, daļā <a href="/wiki/Krievija" title="Krievija">Krievijas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Birma" class="mw-redirect" title="Birma">Birmas</a> un <a href="/wiki/Korejas_pussala" title="Korejas pussala">Korejas pussalas</a> pēc <a href="/wiki/Sunu_dinastija" title="Sunu dinastija">Sunu dinastijas</a> teritoriju iekarošanas <a href="/wiki/1271" class="mw-redirect" title="1271">1271</a>. gadā. Kad <a href="/wiki/1368" class="mw-redirect" title="1368">1368</a>. gadā Ķīnā uzvarēja <a href="/wiki/Sarkano_aps%C4%93ju_sacel%C5%A1an%C4%81s" title="Sarkano apsēju sacelšanās">Sarkano apsēju sacelšanās</a> un izveidojās <a href="/wiki/Minu_dinastija" title="Minu dinastija">Minu dinastija</a>, Juaņu dinastija krita un tās pēdējais imperators <a href="/w/index.php?title=Temurhans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Temurhans (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Temurhans</a> bēga uz <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karakoruma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karakoruma (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Karakorumu</a> Mongolijā, kur mira 1370. gadā. Mongoļu Ziemeļu Juaņu dinastija turpināja pastāvēt vēl vairākus gadsimtus. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Izveidošana"><span id="Izveido.C5.A1ana"></span>Izveidošana</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jua%C5%86u_dinastija&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Labot sadaļu: Izveidošana" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jua%C5%86u_dinastija&action=edit&section=1" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Izveidošana"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pēc vairāk nekā 20 kara gadiem, 1234. gadā mongoļi <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cingishans" title="Čingishans">Čingishana</a> vadībā sagrāva <a href="/wiki/Dzji%C5%86u_dinastija_(1115%E2%80%941234)" title="Dzjiņu dinastija (1115—1234)">Dzjiņu dinastijas</a> valsti Ķīnas ziemeļos. 1259. gadā sākās mongoļu pilsoņu karš par <a href="/wiki/Mongo%C4%BCu_imp%C4%93rija" title="Mongoļu impērija">Mongoļu impērijas</a> troni, kurā Mongoliju un Ķīnu sagrāba viens no Čingishana mazdēliem <a href="/wiki/Hubilajs" title="Hubilajs">Hubilajhans</a>. Viņš izvēlējās valdīt no savas bāzes Ķīnas ziemeļos. Lai arī Hublajhans pretendēja uz visas Mongoļu impērijas valdnieka varu, viņa vara aprobežojās ar Ķīnu, jo pārējie Čingishana mantinieki bija viņam naidīgi. Hubilajhans 1266. gadā par savu galvaspilsētu izvēlējās Dadu (tagad <a href="/wiki/Pekina" title="Pekina">Pekina</a>). 1272. gada 18. janvārī viņš oficiāli pasludina Lielās Juaņu (<i>Ta Yüan</i>) dinastijas izveidošanu. 1272. gadā Hubilajhans atceļ kīniešu likumu kodeksu, un visu atlikušo dinastijas varas laiku netiek pieņemts formāls likumu kodekss. 1273. gadā mongoļi pārņem Sunu tradīciju un izlaiž papīra naudu. Papīra banknotes kļūst par vienīgo maksājumu līdzekli, kas vēlāk noved pie inflācijas. Viņi atjauno ilgajos kara gados bojātos ceļus un Lielo Ķīnas kanālu, tā veicinot tirdzniecību. Mongoļu impēriju savieno pasta zirgu satiksme. </p><p>Sunu dinastijas naidīgā attieksme pret mongoļiem, 1267. gadā izraisa karu, kas beidzas 1279. gadā, kad mongoļi iekaro pēdējās Sunu dinastijas teritorijas, tā apvienojot ziemeļu un dienvidu Ķīnu pirmo reizi 300 gados. Šis panākums vismaz uz laiku nodrošināja dinastijai ķīniešu augstmaņu atbalstu, lai arī pašu ķīniešu starpā turpināja pastāvēt ziemeļnieku un dienvidnieku atšķirības. Mongoļi neiejaucās ķīniešu kultūras dzīvē un reliģijā. </p><p>1274. gadā vairāk nekā 800 kuģos mongoļi cenšas izsēdināt desantu Japānā, taču to lielāko daļu iznīcina vētra. 1275. gadā Hubilajhana galmā ierodas <a href="/wiki/Marko_Polo" title="Marko Polo">Marko Polo</a>, kas šeit pavada 17 gadus. 1281. gadā atkal izgāžas mongoļu desanta mēģinājums Japānā.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pārvalde"><span id="P.C4.81rvalde"></span>Pārvalde</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jua%C5%86u_dinastija&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Labot sadaļu: Pārvalde" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jua%C5%86u_dinastija&action=edit&section=2" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Pārvalde"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Neizglītotie mongoļu nomadi veidoja minoritāti Ķīnā, tāpēc valsts pārvaldi joprojām īstenoja ķīnieši. Daudzi mongoļi nerunāja ķīniski. Iedzīvotājus sadalīja četrās kastās. Mongoļi veidoja no nodokļiem atbrīvotu eliti, kuru uzturēja ķīniešu zemnieki. Otru priviliģēto šķiru veidoja mongoļu ārvalstu sabiedrotie, galvenokārt no <a href="/wiki/Centr%C4%81l%C4%81zija" title="Centrālāzija">Centrālāzijas</a>, kas arī nemaksāja nodokļus un ieņēma vadošos amatus un kontrolēja tirdzniecību. Trešo šķiru veidoja ķīnieši no Ķīnas ziemeļiem un ceturto šķiru ķīnieši no iekarotās Sunu valsts dienvidos. Zemniekus bieži piespieda veikt klaušu darbus infrastruktūras projektos.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 13.gs. beigās impērijā dzīvoja ap miljons mongoļu, miljons centrālāziešu, 10 miljoni ziemeļķīniešu un 60 miljoni dienvidķīniešu.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sabrukums">Sabrukums</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jua%C5%86u_dinastija&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Labot sadaļu: Sabrukums" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jua%C5%86u_dinastija&action=edit&section=3" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Sabrukums"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hubilajhana ilgā valdīšana bija radījusi stabilitātes iespaidu, taču nomadu mongoļu augstmaņi nebija pārņēmuši ķīniešu tradīcijas. Hubilajhans par mantinieku bija izvēlējies savu dēlu, taču tas mira 1285. gadā, vēl pirms tēva un troni mantoja Temurs, viens no mazdēliem. Arī Temura dēls mira pirms tēva, un troni mantoja Temura brāļadēli. 1323. gadā nogalināja imperatoru, un tronī iecēla citu valdošās ģimenes pārstāvi. 1328. gadā divu radinieku frakciju starpā sākās karš par troni, kas pēc vairāku pretendentu nogalināšanas beidzās 1329. gadā, ar Temurhana atkārtotu kāpšanu tronī. Pēc viņa nāves 1332. gadā atkal sākās karš par varu, kas beidzās 1333. gadā ar 13 gadus vecā Temurhana kāpšanu tronī. </p><p>Troņa nestabilitāte izraisīja arī valsts pārvaldes un sabiedrības nestabilitāti. Par spīti mongoļu aizliegumam, ciematu un pilsētu iedzīvotāji sāka bruņoties, lai nodrošinātu savu drošību. No zemnieku vidus nāca daudzi vēlākās sacelšanās vadoņi. Provinču gubernatori veidoja sev padotus militāros spēkus. Bandītu un kontrabandistu bruņotās vienības, īpaši piekrastes rajonos, ieguva aizvien lielāku ietekmi. Sāka veidoties budistu sektu bruņotās vienības. </p><p>1333. gadā sākās bads, kas turpinājās daudzus turpmākos gadus. 1344. gadā pārplūda <a href="/wiki/Huanhe" title="Huanhe">Huanhe</a> upe, tā sāka mainīt gultni, appludinot un iznīcinot lauksaimniecības zemes platības, kā arī Lielo Ķīnas kanālu, kas nodrošināja pārtikas piegādes no dienvidiem uz ziemeļiem, kur plosījās bads. 1351. gadā 150 000 zemnieku mobilizēja <a href="/wiki/Lielais_%C4%B6%C4%ABnas_kan%C4%81ls" title="Lielais Ķīnas kanāls">Lielā Ķīnas kanāla</a> un Huanhe dambju remontam. Remonta laikā lielākā daļa strādnieku gāja bojā, bet izdzīvojušie pievienojās dumpiniekiem. 1351. gadā sākas <a href="/wiki/Sarkano_aps%C4%93ju_sacel%C5%A1an%C4%81s" title="Sarkano apsēju sacelšanās">Sarkano apsēju sacelšanās</a>. </p><p>Jau pēc 1330. gada valstī uzliesmoja reliģisko sektu aizsāktas sacelšanās <a href="/wiki/Dzjansji" title="Dzjansji">Dzjansji</a> un <a href="/wiki/Huna%C5%86a" title="Hunaņa">Hunaņas</a> provincēs. 1341. gadā vien notika vairāk nekā 300 nabadzīgu zemnieku un bandītu sacelšanās. Dabas katastrofas, bads un dumpji, tas viss iedzīvotājiem liecināja, ka mongoļu Juaņu dinastija ir zaudējusi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Debesu_mand%C4%81ts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Debesu mandāts (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Debesu mandātu</a> valdīt. </p><p>1340. gadā par Juaņu valdības vadītāju kļuva Togto, kurš centās reformēt valsts aparātu un apspiest dumpjus reģionos. Konservatīvie spēki panāca viņa atlaišanu 1344. gadā, taču viņš tika atjaunots amatā no 1349. līdz 1354. gadam. Togto atkal tika atlaists brīdī, kad vadīja veiksmīgu kampaņu pret dumpiniekiem, un pēc 1355. gada Juaņu dinastijas sabrukums bija neizbēgams. </p><p><a href="/wiki/1368" class="mw-redirect" title="1368">1368</a>. gadā Juaņu dinastija krita, kad pēdējais imperators Temurhans ar galmu bēga uz bijušo mongoļu impērijas galvaspilsētu Karakorumu. Ķīnā sāka valdīt <a href="/wiki/Min_dinastija" class="mw-redirect" title="Min dinastija">Min dinastija</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reliģija"><span id="Reli.C4.A3ija"></span>Reliģija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jua%C5%86u_dinastija&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Labot sadaļu: Reliģija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jua%C5%86u_dinastija&action=edit&section=4" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Reliģija"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Valsts pamatlikums "Jasa" - <i>Iasa-name-ij buzurg</i> ("Lielā jasas grāmata") - postulēja absolūtu <a href="/wiki/Reli%C4%A3ijas_br%C4%ABv%C4%ABba" title="Reliģijas brīvība">reliģijas brīvību</a>: reliģija un valsts šķirtas, visas reliģijas valsts priekšā līdztiesīgas. Hubilaja hana laikā tika iedibināti atsevišķi valsts kancelejas <a href="/wiki/Budisms" title="Budisms">budisma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daoisms" title="Daoisms">daoisma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Isl%C4%81ms" title="Islāms">islāma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kristiet%C4%ABba" title="Kristietība">kristietības</a> un <a href="/wiki/Konfuci%C4%81nisms" class="mw-redirect" title="Konfuciānisms">konfuciānisma</a> departamenti. Kā oficiālas reliģijas, impērija atzina arī <a href="/wiki/J%C5%ABdaisms" title="Jūdaisms">jūdaismu</a> un <a href="/wiki/Maniheisms" title="Maniheisms">maniheismu</a>. Mongoļu autohtonais <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0amanisms" title="Šamanisms">šamanisms</a>, kā arī <a href="/wiki/Tibeta" title="Tibeta">Tibetas</a> un <a href="/wiki/Ka%C5%A1m%C4%ABra" title="Kašmīra">Kašmīras</a> <a href="/wiki/Ma%C4%A3ija" title="Maģija">maģijas</a> kulti bija populāri daļā imperatora galma, bet plašāk sastopami nebija. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mongoļu_impērija"><span id="Mongo.C4.BCu_imp.C4.93rija"></span>Mongoļu impērija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jua%C5%86u_dinastija&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Labot sadaļu: Mongoļu impērija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jua%C5%86u_dinastija&action=edit&section=5" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Mongoļu impērija"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:MongolEmpireDivisions1300.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/MongolEmpireDivisions1300.png/220px-MongolEmpireDivisions1300.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/MongolEmpireDivisions1300.png/330px-MongolEmpireDivisions1300.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/MongolEmpireDivisions1300.png/440px-MongolEmpireDivisions1300.png 2x" data-file-width="1644" data-file-height="959" /></a><figcaption>Mongoļu impērijas dalījums ap 1300. gadu</figcaption></figure> <p><i>De jure</i> tā bija vienota milzu impērija (teritoriālā ziņā lielākā valsts cilvēces vēsturē) ar vienu likumdošanu, administratīvo struktūru, valūtu, valsts pastu, nodokļu un muitas sistēmu. <i>De facto</i> tā bija 4 suverēnu un ne vienmēr savstarpēji draudzīgu lielvalstu federācija, kurās valdīja čingizīdi (<a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cingishans" title="Čingishans">Čingishana</a> pēcteči), un kuras imperatoram pakļāvās visai nosacīti: </p> <ul><li>Hubilaja hana valsts (tagadējā <a href="/wiki/%C4%B6%C4%ABna" title="Ķīna">Ķīna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tibeta" title="Tibeta">Tibeta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mongolija" title="Mongolija">Mongolija</a>, <a href="/wiki/Koreja" title="Koreja">Koreja</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austrumsib%C4%ABrija" title="Austrumsibīrija">Austrumsibīrija</a>);</li> <li><i>Hulagīdu</i> jeb <i>ilhanu</i> valsts <a href="/wiki/1258" class="mw-redirect" title="1258">1258</a>. gadā Tuluja dēla <a href="/wiki/Hulegu" title="Hulegu">Hulegu</a> iekarotajā teritorijā (no <a href="/wiki/Amudarja" title="Amudarja">Amudarjas</a> upes ziemeļos līdz <a href="/wiki/Indijas_oke%C4%81ns" title="Indijas okeāns">Indijas okeānam</a> dienvidos, un līdz <a href="/wiki/Eifrata" title="Eifrata">Eifratai</a> un Dienvidkaukāzam rietumos (tagadējā <a href="/wiki/Ir%C4%81na" title="Irāna">Irāna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Azerbaid%C5%BE%C4%81na" title="Azerbaidžāna">Azerbaidžāna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ir%C4%81ka" title="Irāka">Irāka</a>, <a href="/wiki/S%C4%ABrija" title="Sīrija">Sīrija</a> un <a href="/wiki/Turcija" title="Turcija">Turcijas</a> daļa);</li> <li><i>Čagataīdu</i> valsts - Čagatajam un tā pēctečiem piešķirtā teritorija <a href="/wiki/Centr%C4%81l%C4%81zija" title="Centrālāzija">Centrālāzijā</a> (Maverannahra - teritorija starp Sirdarju un Amudarju, Septiņupe, Austrum<a href="/wiki/Turkest%C4%81na" title="Turkestāna">turkestāna</a> jeb Kašgarija);</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zelta_orda" class="mw-redirect" title="Zelta orda">Zelta orda</a></i> - Džuči un tā pēctečiem piešķirtā teritorija no <a href="/wiki/Irti%C5%A1a" title="Irtiša">Irtišas</a> upes austrumos līdz <a href="/wiki/Donava" title="Donava">Donavai</a> rietumos (daļa no tagadējās <a href="/wiki/Kazahst%C4%81na" title="Kazahstāna">Kazahstānas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Krievijas_Feder%C4%81cija" class="mw-redirect" title="Krievijas Federācija">Krievijas Federācijas</a> un <a href="/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina">Ukrainas</a>).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Juaņu_valdnieki"><span id="Jua.C5.86u_valdnieki"></span>Juaņu valdnieki</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jua%C5%86u_dinastija&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Labot sadaļu: Juaņu valdnieki" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jua%C5%86u_dinastija&action=edit&section=6" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Juaņu valdnieki"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table width="100%" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr valign="center"> <th style="background:#efefef;">tempļa vārds (廟號 miàohào) </th> <th style="background:#efefef;">hana vārds </th> <th style="background:#efefef;">vārds (姓名 - xìngmíng) </th> <th style="background:#efefef;">valdīšanas <br />laiks </th> <th style="background:#efefef;">valdīšanas devīze (年號 niánhào), tās laiks </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <td colspan="6"><i>Mongoļu dzimtas nosaukumu "Bordžigini" lieto reti. Avotos visbiežāk lieto: dinastijas apzīmējums (Juaņ) + tempļa vārds vai pēcnāves vārds.<br />Savukārt vēstures literatūrā visbiežāk lieto mongoļu hana vārdu.</i> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>Šidzu <br />(世祖 - Shìzǔ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hubilai-hans" class="mw-redirect" title="Hubilai-hans">Hubilai-hans</a> </td> <td>Bordžigins Hubilajs <br />(孛兒只斤忽必烈)<br />(Bèi'érzhījīn Hūbìliè) </td> <td>1260.-1294. </td> <td align="left"> <ul><li>Džuntun (中統 - Zhōngtǒng) 1260.-1264.</li> <li>Džijuaņ (至元 - Zhìyuán) 1264.-1294.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>Čendzun <br />成宗 Chéngzōng </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Old%C5%BEaitu-hans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oldžaitu-hans (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Oldžaitu-hans</a> </td> <td>Bordžigins Temurs <br />(孛兒只斤鐵木耳) <br />(Bèi'érzhījīn Tiěmù'ěr) </td> <td>1294.-1307. </td> <td align="left"> <ul><li>Juaņdžeņ (元貞 - Yuánzhēn) 1295.-1297.</li> <li>Dade (大德 - Dàdé) 1297.-1307.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>Vudzun <br />(武宗 - Wǔzōng) </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gjuluk-hans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gjuluk-hans (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Gjuluk-hans</a> </td> <td>Bordžigins Kaišans <br />(孛兒只斤海山) <br />(Bèi'érzhījīn Hǎishān) </td> <td>1308.-1311. </td> <td align="left"> <ul><li>Džida (至大 - Zhìdà) 1308.-1311.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>Žeņdzun <br />(仁宗 - Rénzōng) </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bujantu-hans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bujantu-hans (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Bujantu-hans</a> </td> <td>Bordžigins Ajurbaribadra <br />(孛兒只斤愛育黎拔力八達) <br />(Bèi'érzhījīn Àiyùlíbálìbādá) </td> <td>1311.-1320. </td> <td align="left"> <ul><li>Huancjin (皇慶 - Huángqìng) 1312.-1313.</li> <li>Jaņju (延祐 - Yányòu) 1314.-1320.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>Jindzun <br />(英宗 - Yīngzōng) </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudhipala-gegens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sudhipala-gegens (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Sudhipala-gegens</a> </td> <td>Bordžigins Shudhipala <br />(孛兒只斤碩德八剌) <br />(Bèi'érzhījīn Shuòdébālá) </td> <td>1321.-1323. </td> <td align="left"> <ul><li>Džindži (至治 - Zhìzhì) 1321.-1323.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>Dzjiņdzun <br />(晉宗 - Jìnzōng) (1)<br />pēcnāves vārds<br />Taidin Di <br />(泰定帝 - Tàidìng Dì) (2) </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Temur-hans_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Temur-hans I (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Temur-hans I</a> </td> <td>Bordžigins Esentemurs <br />(孛兒只斤也孫鐵木兒) <br />(Bèi'érzhījīn Yěsūntiěmùér) </td> <td>1323.-1328]. </td> <td align="left"> <ul><li>Taidin (泰定 - Tàidìng) 1321.-1328.</li> <li>Džihe (致和 - Zhìhé) 1328.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><i>nav zināms</i> (1)<br />pēcnāves vārds<br />Tjaņšuņ Di <br />(天順帝 - Tiānshùn Dì) (2) </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arig_Buga-hans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arig Buga-hans (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Arig Buga-hans</a> </td> <td>Bordžigins Arig-Buga <br />(孛兒只斤阿速吉八) <br />(Bèi'érzhījīn Āsùjíbā) </td> <td>1328. </td> <td align="left"> <ul><li>Tjaņšuņ (天順 - Tiānshùn) 1328.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>Veņdzun <br />文宗 Wénzōng </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Temur-hans_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Temur-hans II (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Temur-hans II</a> </td> <td>Bordžigins Tog-Temurs <br />(孛兒只斤圖鐵木兒) <br />(Bèi'érzhījīn Tútiěmùér) </td> <td>1328.-1329. <br />un 1329.-1332. </td> <td align="left"> <ul><li>Tjaņli (天曆 - Tiānlì) 1328.-1330.</li> <li>Džišuņ (至順 - Zhìshùn) 1330.-1332.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>Mindzun <br />(明宗 - Míngzōng) </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kutugtu-hans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kutugtu-hans (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Kutugtu-hans</a> </td> <td>Bordžigins Kušars <br />(孛兒只斤和世剌) <br />(Bèi'érzhījīn Héshìlà) </td> <td>1329. </td> <td><i>nav zināms</i> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>Niņdzun <br />(寧宗 - Níngzōng) </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jind%C5%BEinbal-hans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jindžinbal-hans (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Jindžinbal-hans</a> </td> <td>Bordžigins Jindžinbals <br />(孛兒只斤懿璘質班) <br />(Bèi'érzhījīn Yìlínzhìbān) </td> <td>1332. </td> <td align="left"> <ul><li>Džišuņ (至順 - Zhìshùn) 1332.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>Huidzun <br />(惠宗 - Huìzōng) (1)<br />pēcnāves vārds<br />Šuņdi <br />(順帝 - Shùndì) </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Temur-hans_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Temur-hans III (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Temur-hans III</a> </td> <td>Bordžigins Togon-Temurs <br />(孛兒只斤妥懽鐵木兒) <br />(Bèi'érzhījīn Tuǒhuān Tiěmùér) </td> <td>1333.-1370. </td> <td align="left"> <ul><li>Džišuņ (至順 - Zhìshùn) 1333.</li> <li>Juaņtun (元統 - Yuántǒng) 1333.-1335.</li> <li>Džijuaņ (至元 - Zhìyuán) 1335.-1340.</li> <li>Džidžen (至正 - Zhìzhèng) 1341.-1368.</li> <li>Džijuaņ (至元 - Zhìyuán) 1368.-1370.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td colspan="6">(1) Vēsturiski visbiežāk izmantotā forma tikai šiem imperatoriem: Juaņ + pēcnāves vārds, piemēram, 元泰定帝 - Juaņ Taidin Di. <p>(2) Tas nav īstais pēcnāves vārds, bet gan izveidots vēlāk, atvasinot no valdīšanas devīzes. </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Atsauces">Atsauces</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jua%C5%86u_dinastija&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Labot sadaļu: Atsauces" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jua%C5%86u_dinastija&action=edit&section=7" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Atsauces"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171112154710/http://www.softschools.com/timelines/yuan_dynasty_timeline/340/">«Yuan Dynasty Timeline»</a>. Arhivēts no <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.softschools.com/timelines/yuan_dynasty_timeline/340/">oriģināla</a>, laiks: 2017. gada 12. novembrī<span class="reference-accessdate">. Skatīts: 2017. gada 12. oktobrī</span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Kublai-Khan">Kublai Khan</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.lv/books?id=9bL_AwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=yuan+dynasty&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjH2oGXiMnZAhUDjSwKHaLhAm04FBDoAQhCMAU#v=onepage&q=yuan%20dynasty&f=false">China Under Mongol Rule</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ārējās_saites"><span id=".C4.80r.C4.93j.C4.81s_saites"></span>Ārējās saites</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jua%C5%86u_dinastija&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Labot sadaļu: Ārējās saites" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jua%C5%86u_dinastija&action=edit&section=8" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Ārējās saites"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Vikikr%C4%81tuve" title="Vikikrātuve">Vikikrātuvē</a> par šo tēmu ir pieejami <a href="/wiki/Multivides" title="Multivides">multivides</a> faili. Skatīt: <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Yuan_Dynasty" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Yuan Dynasty">Juaņu dinastija</a></b></i>.</li></ul> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Great-Yen-dynasty"><i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i> raksts</a> <span style="font-size:0.95em; color:#555;">(angliski)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/les-yuan-dynastie-mongole/"><i>Encyclopædia Universalis</i> raksts</a> <span style="font-size:0.95em; color:#555;">(franciski)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldhistory.org/Yuan_Dynasty/">Pasaules vēstures enciklopēdijas raksts</a> <span style="font-size:0.95em; color:#555;">(angliski)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304210922/http://vesture.sauc.lv/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=58&Itemid=16">Buks A. "Čingiz-hans - impērijas radīšana"</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://maxpj.ru/state.php/2253">Juaņ'u impērijas hronoloģija</a><sup title="Novecojusi saite">[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" class="extiw" title="en:Wikipedia:Link rot">novecojusi saite</a>]</sup></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071020060445/http://www.mongolianculture.com/mhistory.html#12">Mongoļu vēstures resursi internetā</a></li></ul> <table cellspacing="0" class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-skatīt"><a href="/wiki/Veidne:%C4%B6%C4%ABnas_dinastijas" title="Veidne:Ķīnas dinastijas"><abbr title="Skatīt šo veidni" style=";;;background:none transparent;border:none;">s</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-diskusija"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Veidnes_diskusija:%C4%B6%C4%ABnas_dinastijas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Veidnes diskusija:Ķīnas dinastijas (vēl nav uzrakstīts)"><abbr title="Diskusija par šo veidni" style="color:#002bb8;;;;background:none transparent;border:none;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-labot"><a class="external text" href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Veidne:%C4%B6%C4%ABnas_dinastijas&action=edit"><abbr title="Labot šo veidni" style=";;;background:none transparent;border:none;">l</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/%C4%B6%C4%ABnas_dinastijas" title="Ķīnas dinastijas">Ķīnas dinastijas</a></div></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sja_dinastija" title="Sja dinastija">Sja dinastija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0anu_dinastija" title="Šanu dinastija">Šanu dinastija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C5%BEou_dinastija" title="Džou dinastija">Džou dinastija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cji%C5%86u_dinastija" title="Cjiņu dinastija">Cjiņu dinastija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ha%C5%86u_dinastija" title="Haņu dinastija">Haņu dinastija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dzji%C5%86u_dinastija_(265%E2%80%94420)" title="Dzjiņu dinastija (265—420)">Dzjiņu dinastija (265—420)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sui_dinastija" title="Sui dinastija">Sui dinastija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanu_dinastija" title="Tanu dinastija">Tanu dinastija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liao_dinastija" title="Liao dinastija">Liao dinastija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunu_dinastija" title="Sunu dinastija">Sunu dinastija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rietumu_Sja_valsts" title="Rietumu Sja valsts">Rietumu Sja valsts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dzji%C5%86u_dinastija_(1115%E2%80%941234)" title="Dzjiņu dinastija (1115—1234)">Dzjiņu dinastija (1115—1234)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Juaņu dinastija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minu_dinastija" title="Minu dinastija">Minu dinastija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cjinu_dinastija" title="Cjinu dinastija">Cjinu dinastija</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="metadata plainlinks stub" role="presentation" style="background:transparent"><tbody><tr><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Nuvola_apps_kmahjong.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Aizmetņa ikona" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Nuvola_apps_kmahjong.png/30px-Nuvola_apps_kmahjong.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Nuvola_apps_kmahjong.png/45px-Nuvola_apps_kmahjong.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Nuvola_apps_kmahjong.png/60px-Nuvola_apps_kmahjong.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span></td><td><i>Šis ar <a href="/wiki/%C4%B6%C4%ABna" title="Ķīna">Ķīnu</a> saistītais raksts ir <a href="/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Aizmetnis" title="Vikipēdija:Aizmetnis">nepilnīgs</a>. Jūs varat <a href="/wiki/Pal%C4%ABdz%C4%ABba:Redi%C4%A3%C4%93%C5%A1ana,_noform%C4%93%C5%A1ana" title="Palīdzība:Rediģēšana, noformēšana">dot savu ieguldījumu</a> Vikipēdijā, <a class="external text" href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jua%C5%86u_dinastija&action=edit">papildinot to</a>.</i><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini" style="position: absolute; right: 15px; display: none;"><ul><li class="nv-skatīt"><a href="/wiki/Veidne:%C4%B6%C4%ABna-aizmetnis" title="Veidne:Ķīna-aizmetnis"><abbr title="Skatīt šo veidni" style=";">s</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-diskusija"><a href="/wiki/Veidnes_diskusija:%C4%B6%C4%ABna-aizmetnis" title="Veidnes diskusija:Ķīna-aizmetnis"><abbr title="Diskusija par šo veidni" style="color:#002bb8;;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-labot"><a class="external text" href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Veidne:%C4%B6%C4%ABna-aizmetnis&action=edit"><abbr title="Labot šo veidni" style=";">l</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table cellspacing="0" class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Autoritat%C4%ABv%C4%81_vad%C4%ABba" title="Autoritatīvā vadība">Autoritatīvā vadība</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em;"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-sh85-024071">WorldCat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtu%C4%81l%C4%81_starptautisk%C4%81_autoritat%C4%ABv%C4%81_datne" title="Virtuālā starptautiskā autoritatīvā datne">VIAF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/3875150325579210090000">3875150325579210090000</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kongresa_bibliot%C4%93ka" title="Kongresa bibliotēka">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/sh85024071">sh85024071</a></span></li> <li>GND: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4241585-8">4241585-8</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Saturs iegūts no "<a dir="ltr" href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Juaņu_dinastija&oldid=4159902">https://lv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Juaņu_dinastija&oldid=4159902</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Kategorijas</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Nepabeigti_raksti_par_%C4%B6%C4%ABnu" title="Kategorija:Nepabeigti raksti par Ķīnu">Nepabeigti raksti par Ķīnu</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:%C4%B6%C4%ABnas_dinastijas" title="Kategorija:Ķīnas dinastijas">Ķīnas dinastijas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Mongolijas_v%C4%93sture" title="Kategorija:Mongolijas vēsture">Mongolijas vēsture</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Slēptas kategorijas: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Visi_Vikip%C4%93dijas_uzlabojamie_raksti" title="Kategorija:Visi Vikipēdijas uzlabojamie raksti">Visi Vikipēdijas uzlabojamie raksti</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Raksti_ar_novecoju%C5%A1%C4%81m_sait%C4%93m" title="Kategorija:Raksti ar novecojušām saitēm">Raksti ar novecojušām saitēm</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Visi_Vikip%C4%93dijas_aizmet%C5%86i" title="Kategorija:Visi Vikipēdijas aizmetņi">Visi Vikipēdijas aizmetņi</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Šī lapa pēdējoreiz labota: 2024. gada 19. oktobris plkst. 22.01.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Teksts ir pieejams saskaņā ar <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike licenci</a>; var pastāvēt papildu ierobežojumi. 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