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You could also send an email to the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Stewards" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards">stewards</a> <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/VRT" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/VRT">VRT</a> queue at <kbd>stewards@wikimedia.org</kbd> including all above details.</div></div><hr /> <p>Možete pogledati i kopirati izvorni sadržaj ove stranice. </p><textarea readonly="" accesskey="," id="wpTextbox1" cols="80" rows="25" style="" class="mw-editfont-monospace" lang="hr" dir="ltr" name="wpTextbox1">{{nedostaju izvori}} {{Gospodarstvo |zemlja u genitivu = Bosne i Hercegovine |slika = Centralna_banka_BiH.JPG |širina-slike = 250px |naslov-slike = [[Centralna banka Bosne i Hercegovine]] u [[Sarajevo|Sarajevu]] |valuta = [[Konvertibilna marka]] |godina = [[Kalendarska godina]] |organizacije = [[CEFTA]] |rang = |bdp = 17,04 milijardi [[USD]] <small>([[2009.]] proc.)</small> |rast = 1,8% <small>([[2011.]] proc.)</small> |per capita = 8.139,84 [[USD]] <small>([[2008.]] proc.)</small> |sektori = poljoprivreda (10,2%), industrija (23,9%), usluge (66%) <small>([[2006.]] proc.)</small> |inflacija = 3,1% <small>([[2011.]] proc.)</small> |siromaštvo = |radna-snaga = 1,196 milijuna <small>([[2007.]] proc.)</small> |prema-zanimanju = poljoprivreda (58%), industrija (15%), usluge (27%) <small>(rujan [[2006.]] proc.)</small> |nezaposlenost = 43% |industrija = [[čelik|čelična]] industrija, [[ugljen]], [[željezo|željezna]] ruda, [[olovo (element)|olovo]], [[cink]], [[mangan]], [[boksit]], [[vozilo|vozila]], [[tekstil|tekstilna]] industrija, [[duhan|duhanski]] proizvodi, [[namještaj]], [[vojna industrija]], [[rafinerija nafte]], kućanski aparati |izvoz = 6,711 milijardi [[USD]] <small>([[2008.]] proc.)</small> |izvozna dobra = [[metal]]i, [[odjeća]], [[drvo|drvni]] proizvodi |izvozni partneri = [[Slovenija]] (20,4%), [[Hrvatska]] (16,6%), [[Italija]] (16,5%), [[Njemačka]] (13,5%), [[Austrija]] (11%) <small>([[2010.]] proc.)</small> |uvoz = 16,286 milijardi [[USD]] <small>([[2008.]] proc.)</small> |uvozna dobra = [[Stroj|strojevi]] i oprema, [[gorivo|goriva]], kemijski proizvodi, hrana |uvozni partneri = [[Hrvatska]] (22,2%), [[Slovenija]] (13,5%), [[Njemačka]] (13,3%), [[Italija]] (11,4%), [[Austrija]] (6,4%), [[Mađarska]] (5,8%)<small>([[2010.]] proc.)</small> |dug = 40% [[BDP]]a <small>([[2008.]] proc.)</small> |prihodi = 8,607 milijarde [[USD]] <small>([[2011.]] proc.)</small> |rashodi = 8,962 milijardi [[USD]] <small>([[2011.]] proc.)</small> |pomoć = }} Prema procjenama iz [[2003.]] godine BDP iznosi otprilike 24.31 milijardi $, a rastao je 3,5% godišnje. BDP per capita prema paritetu kupovne moći iznosi 6.100 $. Prema sektorima, 13% BDP-a otpada na primarni sektor ([[poljoprivreda]]), 40.9% na sekundarni sektor ([[industrija]]), a 46.1% pripada uslužnim djelatnostima. 40% radne snage je nezaposleno. Prema tome, izražen je velik udio sekundarnog sektora u ukupnom gospodarstvu. == Obilježja gospodarstva == Poslije Makedonije, [[Bosna i Hercegovina]] bila je najnerazvijenija država u socijalističkoj Jugoslaviji. [[Poljoprivreda]] je uglavnom bila u [[privatno vlasništvo|privatnim]] rukama, ali posjedi su bili mali i neprofitabilni, dok se hrana uglavnom uvozila. I danas se vide posljedice centralnog planiranja privrede, a glavna je nevolja prevelik broj radnika u industriji. Za vrijeme socijalizma u BiH je forsirana teška i vojna industrija, pa je republika imala velik dio jugoslavenskih vojnih postrojenja. Naravno, najviše štete u gospodarstvu je napravio rat koji se vodio od [[1992.]] – [[1995.]] godine. Tri godine ratovanja uništile su gospodarstvo i infrastrukturu Bosne i Hercegovine, pa je proizvodnja pala za 80%. Nakon 1995., proizvodnja se malo oporavila [[1996.]] – [[1998.]], ali se rast znatno usporio [[1999.]] godine. BDP je i dalje daleko ispod razine koje bio [[1990.]] godine. Nezaposlenost je [[2002.]] godine iznosila 40%, a stanje u gospodarstvu je vrlo teško. Kako oba entita obavljavaju svoje statistike, statistike za cijelu državu su ograničene. [[Siva ekonomija]] je vrlo prisutna u cijeloj zemlji i u svim segmentima društva. [[Zeničko-Sarajevska regija]] danas je najrazvijenija regija. == Gospodarske aktivnosti == U nizinskim dijelovima uzgajaju se [[žitarice]] ([[pšenica]] i [[kukuruz]]), [[duhan]], [[krumpir]], [[šljiva|šljive]], [[jabuka|jabuke]] i ostalo voće i povrće. Razvijeno je [[govedarstvo]] i [[svinjogojstvo]], [[ovčarstvo]] i proizvodnja [[sir]]a. Bosna i Hercegovina ima velik energetski potencijal te se tu ističu brojne hidroelektrane na [[Neretva|Neretvi]] i [[Vrbas]]u. Hrvatska je bila veliki ulagač u energetski sustav Bosne i Hercegovine. Dugovi prema Hrvatskoj nagomilali su se 2009. i HEP je potraživao trećinu (1/3) struje proizvedene u BiH.<ref>(boš.) [https://www.klix.ba/biznis/privreda/hrvatska-trazi-trecinu-struje-proizvedene-u-bih/091115043 Klix.ba] SRNA: ''Hrvatska traži trećinu struje proizvedene u BiH'', 15. studenoga 2009. (pristupljeno 19. prosinca 2017.)</ref> HEP i Elektroprivreda Republike Srpske spore se zbog HE Dubrovnik. Dio je sustava tri hidroelektrane, uz HE Trebinje 1 i HE Trebinje na hercegovačkoj rijeci Trebišnjici. HE Dubrovnik je na području Hrvatske, a akumulacijski potencijali u jezeru Bileća i dio infrastrukture je u BiH. Moguće rješenja su arbitraža pred međunarodnim sudom, u HEP-u su se neko vrijeme bavili mišlju da prodaju dug EPS-a, ali tu su prijašnji načelni dogovori o podjeli proizvedene struje iz buduće HE Dubrovnik 2 čime bi se prebila HEP-ova dugovanja.<ref name="Poslovni dnevnik">[http://www.poslovni.hr/hrvatska/hep-trazi-od-srbije-2-mlrd-eura-a-dodiku-duguje-stotine-milijuna-277802 Poslovni dnevnik] Ante Pavić: ''Započelo razračunavanje elektroprivrednih tvrtki bivše Jugoslavije'', 26. kolovoza 2014. (pristupljeno 19. prosinca 2017.)</ref> U Bosni i Hercegovini važnu ulogu imaju termoelektrane. Velike novce Hrvatska elektroprivreda uložila je radi potreba svog gospodarstva u termoelektrane u BiH, posebno 80-tih godina 20.st., a zbog politike SFRJ početkom osamdesetih godina koja je obvezala razvijene republike ulagati bespovratno sredstva u nerazvijene, tako i u BiH. Hrvatskoj se dopustila mogućnost uložiti sredstva u elektrane umjesto u Fond, Stoga je 1986. s Elektroprivredom BiH zaključila "[[Samoupravni sporazum]] o udruživanju sredstava radi zajedničke izgradnje Rudnika i TE Gacko". Slično je uložila i u termoelektrane Kakanj i Tuzla.<ref name="Poslovni dnevnik"/> Svojedobno je u [[TE Tuzla]], [[TE Kakanj]] i [[TE Gacko]] u BiH i [[TE Obrenovac]] u Srbiji uložila oko milijardu eura. Na osnovu svojedobnih svojedobnih ulaganja u TE Tuzla i TE Kakanj, HEP-a je ožujka 2003. s Elektroprivredom Bosne i Hercegovine. postigao sporazum da će tijekom šest godina Hrvatskoj biti isporučeno 5,22 milijarde kWh. Hrvatska ima pravo preuzeti, kao što je to uostalom bilo i 1990. godine, zbog istovrsnih ulaganja u TE Gacko, danas u vlasništvu Republike Srpske, te TE Obrenovac u Srbiji, oko 3,5 milijardi kwH godišnje. Dugo nije bilo poznato hoće li se i kada Hrvatska ishoditi taj dio duga.<ref>[http://arhiv.slobodnadalmacija.hr/20040226/novosti02.asp Slobodna Dalmacija] Božica Babić: ''Struja iz Bosne i Hercegovine'', 26. veljače 2004. (pristupljeno 19. prosinca 2017.)</ref> Hrvatska je zbog tih ulaganja morala dobivati struju po povoljnijim uvjetima, što bi znatno poboljšavalo hrvatsku energetsku bilancu. Središnje vlasti u Zagrebu nikako nisu potezale to pitanje, nego su se uvijek očitovale riječima da je to stvar [[sukcesija SFRJ|sukcesije]]. S obzirom na to da je umro [[Božo Marendić]], ekspert za tu problematiku, iz Hrvatske se više nitko više ozbiljno i sustavno bavio sukcesijom, zbog čega dio imovine koju međusobno potražuju Hrvatska i druge susjedne države nije vraćen vlasnicima, a Bosna i Hercegovina dugo se bez naknade služila plodovima hrvatskih investicija teških preko milijarde njemačkih maraka.<ref>[http://www.slobodnadalmacija.hr/novosti/hrvatska/clanak/id/194187/prodaje-se-ukradena-imovina-hrvatskih-poduzeca-u-bih-i-srbiji Slobodna Dalmacija] Marijan Džambo: ''Prodaje se ukradena imovina hrvatskih poduzeća u BiH i Srbiji '', 20. veljače 2013. (pristupljeno 19. prosinca 2017.)</ref> HEP je sufinancirao izgradnju TE Gacko 80-tih godina. 2014. HEP od Elektroprivrede Republike Srpske (ERS-a) potražuje udjel u proizvedenoj električnoj energiji TE Gacko vrijedan oko 200 milijuna eura. HEP je potraživoa 2014. i oko 11 tWh električne energije proizvedene u Gacku. EPS ne poriče dug, no ustraju da je pitanje sukcesijske mase te da se u sklopu pregovora o sukcesiji treba pregovarati na državnoj razini.<ref name="Poslovni dnevnik"/> Sredinom 1980-ih godina enormno su porasli kapaciteti industrije u Tuzli. Početni planovi predviđali su utrostručenje proizvodnje struje u TE Tuzla, najvećem energetskom objektu SRBiH. Elektroprivreda BiH i Hrvatska elektroprivreda uključili su se kao glavni ulagači u projekt izgradnje novih blokova TE Tuzla (2000 zaposlenih) i [[TE Ugljevik|Ugljevik]] (800 zaposlenih). Suinvestitor je trebao biti i SOUR Titovi rudnici uglja, financijski dio plana pokrivala je Osnovna banka Tuzla, uzelo se ogromne kredite za nabavu opreme iz Čehoslovačke. Inflacija je izjedala novac, RO Kreka je proizvodila ugljen, prispijevali su krediti, a na zalihama se gomilao ugljen proizveden pojačanim vađenjem, jer ga nije imao tko otkupiti. HEP se povukao iz projekta, Elektroprivreda BiH nije mogla sama. RO Kreka je došla u stečaj zbog niza tegoba, ali Markovićevom reformom javila se nada i restrukturirana kompanija počela je dostizati europsku razinu produktivnosti proizvodnje. Rat je ipak učinio svoje. Elektroprivreda BiH upustila se u projekt proširenja TE Tuzla i izgradnje [[TE Banovići]]. Propala BiH nije mogla sama platiti projekt i tu su kao ulagači ušli Kinezi, jer nitko drugi nije htio investirati u izgradnju termoelektrana.<ref>(boš.) [http://www.prometej.ba/clanak/osvrti/projekt-star-30-godina-blok-7-te-tuzla-3419 Prometej.ba] Dino Šakanović: ''Projekt star 30 godina: Blok 7 TE Tuzla'', 6. studenoga 2017. (pristupljeno 19. prosinca 2017.)</ref> Oko TE Gacko sporazum nije postignut do 2017. te su u svibnju iz HEP-a poslali zahtjev za mirnim rješenjem spora i obavijest o namjeri pokretanja arbitražnog spora zbog povrjeda stečenih prava u svezi s prijeratnim ulaganjem u termoelektranu (TE) Gacko. Najavili su iz HEP-a da ako u sljedećih pola godine ne dođe do dogovora između ulagača u BiH - HEP-a i države BiH, da imaju pravo pokretanja postupka pri [[Međunarodni centar za rješavanje ulagačkih sporova|Međunarodnom centru za rješavanje ulagačkih sporova]] (ICSID). Zahtjev je poslan sukladno pravilima propisanim međunarodnim ugovorom Energetskom poveljom, čije su potpisnice i RH i BiH i prema Ugovoru između RH i BiH o poticanju i uzajamnoj zaštiti ulaganja.<ref>(boš.) [https://www.klix.ba/vijesti/bih/hrvatska-elektroprivreda-najavila-pokretanje-arbitraze-za-predratna-ulaganja-u-bih/170524111 Klix.ba] ''Hrvatska elektroprivreda najavila pokretanje arbitraže za predratna ulaganja u BIH'', 24. svibnja 2017. (pristupljeno 19. prosinca 2017.)</ref> Razvijeno je [[rudarstvo]], [[crna metalurgija]] i proizvodnja [[čelik]]a, proizvodnja [[aluminij]]a, [[strojogradnja]], [[papirna industrija|papirna]], [[tekstilna industrija|tekstilna]] i [[drvna industrija]] (45% teritorija pod šumama). Tu se još mogu navesti i [[automobilska industrija]], proizvodnja duhana, namještaja i prerada nafte. Trgovačka razmjena između dva entiteta uspostavljena je tek 1998. U [[Zavidovići]]ma i Vitezu se proizvodi namještaj, a u [[Banja Luka|Banjoj Luci]] i [[Prijedor]]u celuloza. U nižim predjelima rastu hrast i bukva, a u višim jela, smreka te crni i bijeli bor. Najviše listopadne šume ima Posavina. U BiH postoje nalazišta kamene soli ([[Tuzla]]), gipsa (npr. [[Kupres]], [[Foča]], [[Jajce]]), željeza (npr. [[Vareš]]), boksita (u blizini [[Široki Brijeg|Širokog Brijega]], [[Jajce|Jajca]], [[Čitluk]]a i drugih gradova) itd. Razvijeni su planinski, vjerski, ljetni, seoski i zdravstveni turizam. U veće poznate planine ubrajaju se Igman, Vlašić, Bjelašnica, Treskavica itd. Termalni izvori smješteni su u [[Tešanj|Tešnju]], [[Kiseljak]]u, [[Laktaši]]ma, [[Višegrad]]u i drugim naseljima. U Hercegovini se nalaze Neum koji izlazi na Jadransko more te Međugorje koje je poznato po Gospinom ukazanju. === Uvoz i izvoz === Glavni izvozni partneri su [[Italija]] (29%), [[Hrvatska]] (18,5%), [[Njemačka]] (17,3%), [[Austrija]] (9,3%) i [[Slovenija]] (6,7%), a glavni uvozni partneri su Hrvatska (24,3%), Slovenija (15,5%), Njemačka (13,6%), Italija (12%), [[Mađarska]] (7,6%), i Austrija (6,6%). {{Navigacije |naslov=Međunarodne ekonomske zajednice |popis= {{CEFTA}}}} {{Bosna i Hercegovina}} == Izvori == {{izvori}} [[Kategorija:Gospodarstvo Bosne i Hercegovine| ]] </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"><div class="mw-templatesUsedExplanation"><p>Predlošci koji se koriste na ovoj stranici: </p></div><ul> <li><a href="/wiki/Predlo%C5%BEak:Bosna_i_Hercegovina" title="Predložak:Bosna i Hercegovina">Predložak:Bosna i Hercegovina</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Predlo%C5%BEak:Bosna_i_Hercegovina&action=edit" title="Predložak:Bosna i Hercegovina">uredi</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Predlo%C5%BEak:Bull" class="mw-redirect" title="Predložak:Bull">Predložak:Bull</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Predlo%C5%BEak:Bull&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Predložak:Bull">vidi izvornik</a>) (djelomično zaštićen)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Predlo%C5%BEak:CEFTA" title="Predložak:CEFTA">Predložak:CEFTA</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Predlo%C5%BEak:CEFTA&action=edit" title="Predložak:CEFTA">uredi</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Predlo%C5%BEak:Gospodarstvo" title="Predložak:Gospodarstvo">Predložak:Gospodarstvo</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Predlo%C5%BEak:Gospodarstvo&action=edit" title="Predložak:Gospodarstvo">uredi</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Predlo%C5%BEak:Izvori" title="Predložak:Izvori">Predložak:Izvori</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Predlo%C5%BEak:Izvori&action=edit" title="Predložak:Izvori">vidi izvornik</a>) (zaštićen)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Predlo%C5%BEak:Izvori/styles.css" title="Predložak:Izvori/styles.css">Predložak:Izvori/styles.css</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Predlo%C5%BEak:Izvori/styles.css&action=edit" title="Predložak:Izvori/styles.css">vidi izvornik</a>) (zaštićen)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Predlo%C5%BEak:Navigacija" title="Predložak:Navigacija">Predložak:Navigacija</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Predlo%C5%BEak:Navigacija&action=edit" title="Predložak:Navigacija">vidi izvornik</a>) (djelomično zaštićen)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Predlo%C5%BEak:Navigacije" title="Predložak:Navigacije">Predložak:Navigacije</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Predlo%C5%BEak:Navigacije&action=edit" title="Predložak:Navigacije">uredi</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Predlo%C5%BEak:Nedostaju_izvori" title="Predložak:Nedostaju izvori">Predložak:Nedostaju izvori</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Predlo%C5%BEak:Nedostaju_izvori&action=edit" title="Predložak:Nedostaju izvori">vidi izvornik</a>) (djelomično zaštićen)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Predlo%C5%BEak:Odr%C5%BEavanje" title="Predložak:Održavanje">Predložak:Održavanje</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Predlo%C5%BEak:Odr%C5%BEavanje&action=edit" title="Predložak:Održavanje">vidi izvornik</a>) (zaštićen)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Predlo%C5%BEak:Tnavbar" title="Predložak:Tnavbar">Predložak:Tnavbar</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Predlo%C5%BEak:Tnavbar&action=edit" title="Predložak:Tnavbar">vidi izvornik</a>) (djelomično zaštićen)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Predlo%C5%BEak:Z" title="Predložak:Z">Predložak:Z</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Predlo%C5%BEak:Z&action=edit" title="Predložak:Z">uredi</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Predlo%C5%BEak:Z%2BX" title="Predložak:Z+X">Predložak:Z+X</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Predlo%C5%BEak:Z%2BX&action=edit" title="Predložak:Z+X">uredi</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Predlo%C5%BEak:%E2%80%A2" title="Predložak:•">Predložak:•</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Predlo%C5%BEak:%E2%80%A2&action=edit" title="Predložak:•">vidi izvornik</a>) (djelomično zaštićen)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Modul:Zastava" title="Modul:Zastava">Modul:Zastava</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modul:Zastava&action=edit" title="Modul:Zastava">vidi izvornik</a>) (djelomično zaštićen)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Modul:Zastava/podatci" title="Modul:Zastava/podatci">Modul:Zastava/podatci</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Modul:Zastava/podatci&action=edit" title="Modul:Zastava/podatci">vidi izvornik</a>) (djelomično zaštićen)</li></ul></div><p id="mw-returnto">Vrati se na <a href="/wiki/Gospodarstvo_Bosne_i_Hercegovine" title="Gospodarstvo Bosne i Hercegovine">Gospodarstvo Bosne i Hercegovine</a>.</p> <noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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