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href="#Responsibilities_and_powers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Responsibilities and powers</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Responsibilities_and_powers-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Responsibilities and powers subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Responsibilities_and_powers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Principal_adviser_to_the_sovereign" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Principal_adviser_to_the_sovereign"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Principal adviser to the sovereign</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Principal_adviser_to_the_sovereign-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Principal_adviser_to_the_governor-general" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Principal_adviser_to_the_governor-general"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Principal adviser to the governor-general</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Principal_adviser_to_the_governor-general-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Head_of_government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Head_of_government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Head of government</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Head_of_government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_roles_and_functions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_roles_and_functions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Other roles and functions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_roles_and_functions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Privileges_of_office" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Privileges_of_office"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Privileges of office</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Privileges_of_office-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Privileges of office subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Privileges_of_office-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Salary_and_perquisites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Salary_and_perquisites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Salary and perquisites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Salary_and_perquisites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Security_and_transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Security_and_transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Security and transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Security_and_transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-After_office" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#After_office"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>After office</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-After_office-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_leaders" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_leaders"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Early leaders</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_leaders-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Party_leadership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Party_leadership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Party leadership</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Party_leadership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Towards_modern_leadership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Towards_modern_leadership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Towards modern leadership</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Towards_modern_leadership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deputy_prime_minister" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deputy_prime_minister"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Deputy prime minister</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deputy_prime_minister-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lists_relating_to_the_prime_ministers_of_New_Zealand" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lists_relating_to_the_prime_ministers_of_New_Zealand"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Lists relating to the prime ministers of New Zealand</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lists_relating_to_the_prime_ministers_of_New_Zealand-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Prime Minister of New Zealand</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 33 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-33" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">33 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="رئيس وزراء نيوزيلندا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="رئيس وزراء نيوزيلندا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primer_ministru_de_Nueva_Zelanda" title="Primer ministru de Nueva Zelanda – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Primer ministru de Nueva Zelanda" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primer_ministre_de_Nova_Zelanda" title="Primer ministre de Nova Zelanda – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Primer ministre de Nova Zelanda" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prif_Weinidog_Seland_Newydd" title="Prif Weinidog Seland Newydd – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Prif Weinidog Seland Newydd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premierminister_von_Neuseeland" title="Premierminister von Neuseeland – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Premierminister von Neuseeland" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CF%89%CE%B8%CF%85%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B3%CF%8C%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%9D%CE%AD%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%96%CE%B7%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Πρωθυπουργός της Νέας Ζηλανδίας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πρωθυπουργός της Νέας Ζηλανδίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primer_ministro_de_Nueva_Zelanda" title="Primer ministro de Nueva Zelanda – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Primer ministro de Nueva Zelanda" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%88efministro_de_Nov-Zelando" title="Ĉefministro de Nov-Zelando – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ĉefministro de Nov-Zelando" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%AE%D8%B3%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%D9%88%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF" title="نخست‌وزیر نیوزیلند – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نخست‌وزیر نیوزیلند" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premier_ministre_de_Nouvelle-Z%C3%A9lande" title="Premier ministre de Nouvelle-Zélande – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Premier ministre de Nouvelle-Zélande" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%89%B4%EC%A7%88%EB%9E%9C%EB%93%9C%EC%9D%98_%EC%B4%9D%EB%A6%AC" title="뉴질랜드의 총리 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="뉴질랜드의 총리" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perdana_Menteri_Selandia_Baru" title="Perdana Menteri Selandia Baru – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Perdana Menteri Selandia Baru" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_ministro_della_Nuova_Zelanda" title="Primo ministro della Nuova Zelanda – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Primo ministro della Nuova Zelanda" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A9_%D7%9E%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%AA_%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95_%D7%96%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%93" title="ראש ממשלת ניו זילנד – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ראש ממשלת ניו זילנד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%96%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0-%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="ახალი ზელანდიის პრემიერ-მინისტრი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ახალი ზელანდიის პრემიერ-მინისტრი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirimia_o_Aotearoa" title="Pirimia o Aotearoa – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Pirimia o Aotearoa" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="رئيس وزرا نيوزيلاندا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="رئيس وزرا نيوزيلاندا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perdana_Menteri_New_Zealand" title="Perdana Menteri New Zealand – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Perdana Menteri New Zealand" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%81%AE%E9%A6%96%E7%9B%B8" title="ニュージーランドの首相 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ニュージーランドの首相" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premierzy_Nowej_Zelandii" title="Premierzy Nowej Zelandii – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Premierzy Nowej Zelandii" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primeiro-ministro_da_Nova_Zel%C3%A2ndia" title="Primeiro-ministro da Nova Zelândia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Primeiro-ministro da Nova Zelândia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8C%D0%B5%D1%80-%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Премьер-министр Новой Зеландии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Премьер-министр Новой Зеландии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_New_Zealand" title="Prime Minister of New Zealand – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Prime Minister of New Zealand" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Премијер Новог Зеланда – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Премијер Новог Зеланда" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premijer_Novog_Zelanda" title="Premijer Novog Zelanda – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Premijer Novog Zelanda" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uuden-Seelannin_p%C3%A4%C3%A4ministeri" title="Uuden-Seelannin pääministeri – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Uuden-Seelannin pääministeri" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nya_Zeelands_premi%C3%A4rminister" title="Nya Zeelands premiärminister – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Nya Zeelands premiärminister" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Head of government of New Zealand</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a list of officeholders, see <a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_New_Zealand" title="List of prime ministers of New Zealand">List of prime ministers of New Zealand</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%;">Prime Minister of New Zealand</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size: 125%; font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size:90%;"><i>Te Pirimia o Aotearoa</i></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="padding-bottom:0.4em; border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="725" data-file-height="699" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand" title="Coat of arms of New Zealand">Coat of arms of New Zealand</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="padding-bottom:0.4em; border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/125px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/188px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/250px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_New_Zealand" title="Flag of New Zealand">Flag of New Zealand</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="padding-bottom:0.4em; border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding-bottom:0.4em;"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:LUXON,_Christopher_-_Botany_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/LUXON%2C_Christopher_-_Botany_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-LUXON%2C_Christopher_-_Botany_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/LUXON%2C_Christopher_-_Botany_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-LUXON%2C_Christopher_-_Botany_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/LUXON%2C_Christopher_-_Botany_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-LUXON%2C_Christopher_-_Botany_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1170" data-file-height="1772" /></a></span></div><div style="display:inline;font-weight:bold;">Incumbent<br /><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Luxon" title="Christopher Luxon">Christopher Luxon</a><br /></div>since 27 November 2023</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Department_of_the_Prime_Minister_and_Cabinet_(New_Zealand)" title="Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet (New Zealand)">Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Style_(form_of_address)" title="Style (form of address)">Style</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Prime Minister<br />(informal)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Right_Honourable" title="The Right Honourable">The Right Honourable</a><br />(formal)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Excellency" title="Excellency">His Excellency</a><br />(diplomatic)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Head_of_government" title="Head of government">Head of government</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Abbreviation</th><td class="infobox-data">PM</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Member of</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Parliament" title="New Zealand Parliament">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_New_Zealand" title="Cabinet of New Zealand">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Council_of_New_Zealand" title="Executive Council of New Zealand">Executive Council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reports to</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_House_of_Representatives" title="New Zealand House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Official_residence" title="Official residence">Residence</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Premier_House" title="Premier House">Premier House</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wellington" title="Wellington">Wellington</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Seat_(legal_entity)" title="Seat (legal entity)">Seat</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Beehive_(New_Zealand)" title="Beehive (New Zealand)">The Beehive</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wellington" title="Wellington">Wellington</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Appointer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_New_Zealand" title="Governor-General of New Zealand">Governor-General</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Term_of_office" title="Term of office">Term length</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/At_the_Governor-General%27s_pleasure" class="mw-redirect" title="At the Governor-General's pleasure">At the Governor-General's pleasure</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formation</th><td class="infobox-data">7 May 1856<span class="noprint">; 168 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1856-05-07</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First holder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Sewell" title="Henry Sewell">Henry Sewell</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Deputy</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_New_Zealand" title="Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand">Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Salary</th><td class="infobox-data">NZ$498,300 annually<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile vcard" style="width:20em;"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><div class="adr"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_New_Zealand" title="Politics of New Zealand">Politics of New Zealand</a></div></th></tr><tr><th><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg/125px-Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg/188px-Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg/250px-Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="725" data-file-height="699" /></a></span></th></tr><tr><th style="border-bottom: #aaa 1px solid"></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;padding-bottom:0.5em;"> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_New_Zealand" title="Constitution of New Zealand">Constitution</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/The_Crown" title="The Crown">The Crown</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_New_Zealand" title="Monarchy of New Zealand">Monarch</a> <dl><dd>King <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">Charles III</a></span></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_New_Zealand" title="Governor-General of New Zealand">Governor-General</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_governors-general_of_New_Zealand" title="List of governors-general of New Zealand">list</a>) <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Cindy_Kiro" title="Cindy Kiro">Cindy Kiro</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Realm_of_New_Zealand" title="Realm of New Zealand">Realm of New Zealand</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Government" title="New Zealand Government">Executive Government</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_Zealand_governments" title="List of New Zealand governments">List of governments</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sixth_National_Government_of_New_Zealand" title="Sixth National Government of New Zealand">current</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_New_Zealand" title="Cabinet of New Zealand">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministers_in_the_New_Zealand_Government" title="Ministers in the New Zealand Government">Ministers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Prime Minister</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_New_Zealand" title="List of prime ministers of New Zealand">list</a>) <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Luxon" title="Christopher Luxon">Christopher Luxon</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Council_of_New_Zealand" title="Executive Council of New Zealand">Executive Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_sector_organisations_in_New_Zealand" class="mw-redirect" title="Public sector organisations in New Zealand">State services departments</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Parliament" title="New Zealand Parliament">Legislature</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/54th_New_Zealand_Parliament" title="54th New Zealand Parliament">54th New Zealand Parliament</a></div> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/King-in-Parliament" title="King-in-Parliament">King-in-Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_House_of_Representatives" title="New Zealand House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_New_Zealand_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the New Zealand House of Representatives">Speaker</a>: <a href="/wiki/Gerry_Brownlee" title="Gerry Brownlee">Gerry Brownlee</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Official_Opposition_(New_Zealand)" title="Official Opposition (New Zealand)">Official Opposition</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_New_Zealand" title="Elections in New Zealand">Elections</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_New_Zealand" title="List of political parties in New Zealand">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_electorates" title="New Zealand electorates">Electorates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_system_of_New_Zealand" title="Electoral system of New Zealand">Electoral system</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_reform_in_New_Zealand" title="Electoral reform in New Zealand">Electoral reform</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_Commission_(New_Zealand)" title="Electoral Commission (New Zealand)">Electoral Commission</a></li> <li>Recent elections: <dl><dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li>General: <a href="/wiki/2014_New_Zealand_general_election" title="2014 New Zealand general election">2014</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2017_New_Zealand_general_election" title="2017 New Zealand general election">2017</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2020_New_Zealand_general_election" title="2020 New Zealand general election">2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2023_New_Zealand_general_election" title="2023 New Zealand general election">2023</a></li></ul></div></dd> <dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Local: <a href="/wiki/2013_New_Zealand_local_elections" title="2013 New Zealand local elections">2013</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2016_New_Zealand_local_elections" title="2016 New Zealand local elections">2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2019_New_Zealand_local_elections" title="2019 New Zealand local elections">2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2022_New_Zealand_local_elections" title="2022 New Zealand local elections">2022</a></li></ul></div></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Referendums_in_New_Zealand" title="Referendums in New Zealand">Referendums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_funding_in_New_Zealand" title="Political funding in New Zealand">Political funding and election expenses</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_New_Zealand" title="Judiciary of New Zealand">Judiciary</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_New_Zealand" title="Supreme Court of New Zealand">Supreme Court</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_New_Zealand" title="Chief Justice of New Zealand">Chief Justice</a>: <a href="/wiki/Helen_Winkelmann" title="Helen Winkelmann">Helen Winkelmann</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court_of_Appeal_of_New_Zealand" title="Court of Appeal of New Zealand">Court of Appeal</a> <dl><dd>President: <a href="/wiki/Mark_Cooper_(judge)" title="Mark Cooper (judge)">Mark Cooper</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Court_of_New_Zealand" title="High Court of New Zealand">High Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/District_Court_of_New_Zealand" title="District Court of New Zealand">District Court</a></li> <li>Other courts: <dl><dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Employment_Court_of_New_Zealand" title="Employment Court of New Zealand">Employment</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Environment_Court_of_New_Zealand" title="Environment Court of New Zealand">Environment</a></li></ul></div> <div class="hlist"><ul><li>Courts Martial Appeal</li></ul></div> <div class="hlist" style="white-space:nowrap;"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_Land_Court" title="Māori Land Court">Māori Land</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Waitangi_Tribunal" title="Waitangi Tribunal">Waitangi Tribunal</a></li></ul></div></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_New_Zealand" title="Law of New Zealand">Law of New Zealand</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_New_Zealand" title="Local government in New Zealand">Local government</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_New_Zealand" title="Regions of New Zealand">Regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_authorities_of_New_Zealand" title="Territorial authorities of New Zealand">Territorial authorities</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mayors_in_New_Zealand" title="Mayors in New Zealand">Mayors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_boards_in_New_Zealand" title="Community boards in New Zealand">Community boards</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_New_Zealand" title="Foreign relations of New Zealand">Foreign relations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_Trade_(New_Zealand)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade (New Zealand)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_(New_Zealand)" title="Minister of Foreign Affairs (New Zealand)">Minister</a>: <a href="/wiki/Winston_Peters" title="Winston Peters">Winston Peters</a></dd></dl></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_New_Zealand" title="List of diplomatic missions of New Zealand">Diplomatic missions of</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_New_Zealand" title="List of diplomatic missions in New Zealand">in New Zealand</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_nationality_law" title="New Zealand nationality law">Nationality law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_passport" title="New Zealand passport">Passport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_requirements_for_New_Zealand_citizens" title="Visa requirements for New Zealand citizens">Visa requirements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_New_Zealand" title="Visa policy of New Zealand">Visa policy</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_and_the_United_Nations" title="New Zealand and the United Nations">New Zealand and the United Nations</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)">Ideology</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"><div class="hlist" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_New_Zealand" title="Anarchism in New Zealand">Anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_politics_in_New_Zealand" title="Christian politics in New Zealand">Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historic_conservatism_in_New_Zealand" title="Historic conservatism in New Zealand">Conservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_movement_in_New_Zealand" title="Environmental movement in New Zealand">Environmentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fascism_in_New_Zealand" class="mw-redirect" title="Fascism in New Zealand">Fascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminism_in_New_Zealand" title="Feminism in New Zealand">Feminism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historic_liberalism_in_New_Zealand" title="Historic liberalism in New Zealand">Liberalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Populism_in_New_Zealand" title="Populism in New Zealand">Populism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism_in_New_Zealand" title="Republicanism in New Zealand">Republicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_New_Zealand" title="Socialism in New Zealand">Socialism</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)">History</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Political_history_of_New_Zealand" title="Political history of New Zealand">Political history of New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_voting_in_New_Zealand" title="History of voting in New Zealand">History of voting in New Zealand</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed plainlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;;text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_politics" title="Māori politics">Māori politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_nuclear-free_zone" title="New Zealand nuclear-free zone">Nuclear-free zone</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/32px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/48px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/64px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:New_Zealand" title="Portal:New Zealand">New Zealand portal</a> <div class="hlist" style="text-align:center;font-weight:normal;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_political_science#Politics_by_region" title="Outline of political science">Other countries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_New_Zealand" title="Template:Politics of New Zealand"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_of_New_Zealand" title="Template talk:Politics of New Zealand"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_of_New_Zealand" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics of New Zealand"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>prime minister of New Zealand</b> (<a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_language" title="Māori language">Māori</a>: <i lang="mi">Te pirimia o Aotearoa</i>) is the <a href="/wiki/Head_of_government" title="Head of government">head of government</a> of <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>. The incumbent<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prime_Minister_of_New_Zealand&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> prime minister, <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Luxon" title="Christopher Luxon">Christopher Luxon</a>, leader of the <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_National_Party" title="New Zealand National Party">New Zealand National Party</a>, took office on 27 November 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-Jan2023_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jan2023-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The prime minister (informally abbreviated to PM) ranks as the most senior <a href="/wiki/Ministers_in_the_New_Zealand_Government" title="Ministers in the New Zealand Government">government minister</a>. They are responsible for chairing meetings of <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_New_Zealand" title="Cabinet of New Zealand">Cabinet</a>; allocating posts to ministers within the <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Government" title="New Zealand Government">government</a>; acting as the spokesperson for the government; and providing <a href="/wiki/Advice_(constitutional_law)" title="Advice (constitutional law)">advice</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_New_Zealand" title="Monarchy of New Zealand">sovereign</a> or the sovereign's representative, the <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_New_Zealand" title="Governor-General of New Zealand">governor-general</a>. They also have ministerial responsibility for the <a href="/wiki/Department_of_the_Prime_Minister_and_Cabinet_(New_Zealand)" title="Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet (New Zealand)">Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet</a>, which is based in the <a href="/wiki/Beehive_(New_Zealand)" title="Beehive (New Zealand)">Beehive</a> in Wellington. </p><p>The office exists by a long-established <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_convention_(political_custom)" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitutional convention (political custom)">convention</a>, which originated in New Zealand's former colonial power, the then <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" title="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland">United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland</a>. The convention stipulates that when the office becomes vacant, the governor-general must select as prime minister the person most likely to command the support, or confidence, of the <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_House_of_Representatives" title="New Zealand House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a>. This individual is typically the <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_leader" title="Parliamentary leader">parliamentary leader</a> of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_New_Zealand" title="List of political parties in New Zealand">political party</a> that holds the largest number of seats in that house.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The prime minister and Cabinet are collectively <a href="/wiki/Political_accountability" class="mw-redirect" title="Political accountability">accountable</a> for their actions to the governor-general, to the House of Representatives, to their political party, and ultimately to the national electorate. </p><p>Originally the head of government was titled <a href="/wiki/Colonial_Secretary_of_New_Zealand" title="Colonial Secretary of New Zealand">"colonial secretary"</a> or "<a href="/wiki/First_minister" title="First minister">first minister</a>". This was changed in 1869 to "<a href="/wiki/Premier" title="Premier">premier</a>". That title remained in use for more than 30 years, until <a href="/wiki/Richard_Seddon" title="Richard Seddon">Richard Seddon</a> changed it to "<a href="/wiki/Prime_minister" title="Prime minister">prime minister</a>" in 1900 during his tenure in the office.<sup id="cite_ref-title_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-title-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the declaration of New Zealand as a <a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_New_Zealand" title="Dominion of New Zealand">Dominion</a> in 1907, the term prime minister has been used exclusively in English. In Māori, the title <i><span title="Māori-language text"><i lang="mi">pirimia</i></span></i>, means "premier".<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> New Zealand prime ministers are <a href="/wiki/Style_(form_of_address)" title="Style (form of address)">styled</a> as "<a href="/wiki/The_Right_Honourable" title="The Right Honourable">The Right Honourable</a>", a privilege they retain for life.<sup id="cite_ref-rt_hon_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rt_hon-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_New_Zealand" title="List of prime ministers of New Zealand">Forty-two people</a> (thirty-nine men and three women) have served as prime minister, the first of whom was <a href="/wiki/Henry_Sewell" title="Henry Sewell">Henry Sewell</a> taking office on 7 May 1856 as premier. The longest-serving prime minister was <a href="/wiki/Richard_Seddon" title="Richard Seddon">Richard Seddon</a>, who served over 13 years, and the shortest-serving was Sewell, who served two weeks. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Appointment_and_tenure">Appointment and tenure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prime_Minister_of_New_Zealand&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Appointment and tenure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The governor-general appoints a prime minister, like other <a href="/wiki/Ministers_in_the_New_Zealand_Government" title="Ministers in the New Zealand Government">ministerial positions</a>, on behalf of the <a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_New_Zealand" title="Monarchy of New Zealand">monarch</a>. By the conventions of <a href="/wiki/Responsible_government" title="Responsible government">responsible government</a>, the governor-general will call to form a government the individual most likely to receive the support, or confidence, of a majority of the elected <a href="/wiki/Member_of_parliament#New_Zealand" title="Member of parliament">members of parliament</a> (MPs).<sup id="cite_ref-cabinetmanual_pm_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cabinetmanual_pm-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In making this appointment, convention requires the governor-general to act on the outcome of the <a href="/wiki/Elections_in_New_Zealand" title="Elections in New Zealand">electoral process</a> and subsequent discussions between political parties by which the person who will lead the government as prime minister is identified.<sup id="cite_ref-cabinetmanual_pm_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cabinetmanual_pm-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GG_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GG-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In practice, the position typically falls to an MP who is the <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_leader" title="Parliamentary leader">parliamentary leader</a> of the largest political party among those forming the government.<sup id="cite_ref-te_ara_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-te_ara-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The prime minister may lead a <a href="/wiki/Coalition_government" title="Coalition government">coalition government</a> and/or a <a href="/wiki/Minority_government" title="Minority government">minority government</a> dependent on support from smaller parties during <a href="/wiki/Confidence_and_supply" title="Confidence and supply">confidence and supply</a> votes.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rt_Hon_Christopher_Luxon_gives_his_oath.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Rt_Hon_Christopher_Luxon_gives_his_oath.jpg/220px-Rt_Hon_Christopher_Luxon_gives_his_oath.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Rt_Hon_Christopher_Luxon_gives_his_oath.jpg/330px-Rt_Hon_Christopher_Luxon_gives_his_oath.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Rt_Hon_Christopher_Luxon_gives_his_oath.jpg/440px-Rt_Hon_Christopher_Luxon_gives_his_oath.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1365" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Luxon" title="Christopher Luxon">Christopher Luxon</a> reads the <a href="/wiki/Oath_of_Allegiance_(New_Zealand)" title="Oath of Allegiance (New Zealand)">oath of allegiance</a>, 27 November 2023</figcaption></figure> <p>Once appointed and sworn in by the governor-general, the prime minister remains in the post until dismissal, resignation,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <a href="/wiki/Death_in_office" title="Death in office">death in office</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They, like all ministers, hold office "<a href="/wiki/At_the_Governor-General%27s_pleasure" class="mw-redirect" title="At the Governor-General's pleasure">during the pleasure of the Governor-General</a>", so theoretically, the governor-general can dismiss a prime minister at any time; however, convention heavily circumscribes the power to do so.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The governor-general retains <a href="/wiki/Reserve_power#New_Zealand" title="Reserve power">reserve powers</a><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to dismiss a prime minister in certain circumstances, such as those pertaining to a <a href="/wiki/Motion_of_no_confidence" title="Motion of no confidence">no-confidence motion</a> against the government in the <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_House_of_Representatives" title="New Zealand House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Where a prime minister, and by extension, the government, can no longer command the confidence of the house, either by losing a confidence vote or as the result of an election, convention dictates that they should tender their resignation to the governor-general. Under the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_Act_1986" title="Constitution Act 1986">Constitution Act 1986</a>, general elections are required every three years, setting the maximum period a prime minister can serve without their <a href="/wiki/Mandate_(politics)" title="Mandate (politics)">mandate</a> being renewed.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Responsibilities_and_powers">Responsibilities and powers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prime_Minister_of_New_Zealand&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Responsibilities and powers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Government" title="New Zealand Government">New Zealand Government</a> and <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_New_Zealand" title="Constitution of New Zealand">Constitution of New Zealand</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:New_Zealand_Cabinet_October_2017.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/New_Zealand_Cabinet_October_2017.jpg/260px-New_Zealand_Cabinet_October_2017.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/New_Zealand_Cabinet_October_2017.jpg/390px-New_Zealand_Cabinet_October_2017.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/New_Zealand_Cabinet_October_2017.jpg/520px-New_Zealand_Cabinet_October_2017.jpg 2x" data-file-width="877" data-file-height="586" /></a><figcaption>Pictured in 2017, the then-Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Jacinda_Ardern" title="Jacinda Ardern">Jacinda Ardern</a> (foreground, left of centre) chairs her first meeting of Cabinet, wherein government policy is formulated.</figcaption></figure> <p>The office of prime minister is not defined by <a href="/wiki/Codification_(law)" title="Codification (law)"> codified</a> laws but by unwritten customs known as <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_convention_(political_custom)" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitutional convention (political custom)">constitutional conventions</a> which developed in Britain and which New Zealand replicated. These conventions depend for the most part on the underlying principle that the prime minister and fellow ministers must not lose the confidence of the democratically elected component of parliament, the House of Representatives. The prime minister is the leader of the <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_New_Zealand" title="Cabinet of New Zealand">Cabinet</a> (itself a body existing by convention) and takes a coordinating role.<sup id="cite_ref-te_ara_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-te_ara-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_Manual_(New_Zealand)" title="Cabinet Manual (New Zealand)">Cabinet Manual</a></i> provides an outline of the prime minister's powers and responsibilities.<sup id="cite_ref-cabinetmanual_pm_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cabinetmanual_pm-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Principal_adviser_to_the_sovereign">Principal adviser to the sovereign</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prime_Minister_of_New_Zealand&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Principal adviser to the sovereign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By constitutional convention, the prime minister holds formal power to <a href="/wiki/Advice_(constitutional_law)" title="Advice (constitutional law)">advise</a> the sovereign. This means that as long as the prime minister has the confidence of parliament, they alone may advise the monarch on:<sup id="cite_ref-cabinetmanual_pm_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cabinetmanual_pm-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>appointment or <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/recall" class="extiw" title="wikt:recall">recall</a> of the governor-general<sup id="cite_ref-recall_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-recall-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>amendments to the <a href="/wiki/Letters_Patent_Constituting_the_Office_of_Governor-General_of_New_Zealand" title="Letters Patent Constituting the Office of Governor-General of New Zealand">Letters Patent Constituting the Office of Governor-General</a>, which most recently occurred in 2006</li> <li>the conferment of <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_royal_honours_system" title="New Zealand royal honours system">New Zealand honours</a> (except for honours in the personal gift of the monarch)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Principal_adviser_to_the_governor-general">Principal adviser to the governor-general</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prime_Minister_of_New_Zealand&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Principal adviser to the governor-general"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As head of government, the prime minister alone has the right to advise the governor-general to: </p> <ul><li>appoint, dismiss, or accept the resignation of ministers<sup id="cite_ref-cabinetmanual_pm_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cabinetmanual_pm-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_parliament" title="Dissolution of parliament">dissolve parliament</a> and <a href="/wiki/Writ_of_election" title="Writ of election">issue a writ</a> for an election to be held.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cabinetmanual_pm_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cabinetmanual_pm-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The governor-general may reject the advice to dissolve parliament if the prime minister has recently lost a vote of confidence (that is, the governor-general would be using their <a href="/wiki/Reserve_power" title="Reserve power">reserve powers</a>), but as of 2023<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prime_Minister_of_New_Zealand&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> none has done so.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Head_of_government">Head of government</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prime_Minister_of_New_Zealand&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Head of government"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Convention regards the prime minister as "<a href="/wiki/First_among_equals" class="mw-redirect" title="First among equals">first among equals</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-te_ara_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-te_ara-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A prime minister does hold the most senior post in government, but must also adhere to any decisions taken by Cabinet, as per the convention of <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_collective_responsibility" title="Cabinet collective responsibility">collective ministerial responsibility</a>. The actual ability of a prime minister to give direct orders is largely limited; most of the position's power comes about through other means, such as: </p> <ul><li>the ability to set the Cabinet agenda, thereby controlling items for discussion<sup id="cite_ref-cabinetmanual_pm_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cabinetmanual_pm-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The ability to appoint and dismiss ministers, and to allocate <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/portfolio" class="extiw" title="wikt:portfolio">portfolios</a><sup id="cite_ref-ministers_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ministers-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>g<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>the influence a prime minister is likely/assumed to have as leader of the dominant political party, which may afford more direct control over subordinates than is attached to the prime ministerial role<sup id="cite_ref-Cross_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cross-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The power gained simply from being central to most significant decision-making, and from being able (as of right) to comment on and criticise any decisions taken by other ministers</li></ul> <p>Since the 1996 implementation of <a href="/wiki/Electoral_system_of_New_Zealand" title="Electoral system of New Zealand">the MMP electoral system</a>, the role of the prime minister in negotiating and maintaining relationships with <a href="/wiki/Coalition_government" title="Coalition government">support parties</a> has increased, placing some constraints on prime ministerial abilities.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_roles_and_functions">Other roles and functions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prime_Minister_of_New_Zealand&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Other roles and functions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="clear: right; float:right;margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:115%">External videos</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://teara.govt.nz/en/video/33177/new-zealands-darkest-day">'New Zealand's darkest day'</a>. Prime Minister John Key addresses the country live on television following the earthquake that devastated Christchurch on 22 February 2011. Providing reassurance and <a href="/wiki/Leadership" title="Leadership">leadership</a> at times of national crisis is a traditional responsibility of the prime minister.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Prime ministers also take on additional portfolios (to prioritise policy areas).<sup id="cite_ref-te_ara_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-te_ara-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Historically, 19th-century premiers looked after the colonial-secretary and finance portfolios. As New Zealand developed, the role of <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Finance_(New_Zealand)" title="Minister of Finance (New Zealand)">minister of finance</a> became too big; Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Robert_Muldoon" title="Robert Muldoon">Sir Robert Muldoon</a> came under criticism for taking on the finance portfolio during his time in office (1975–1984), as it resulted in a large concentration of power in the hands of one individual.<sup id="cite_ref-te_ara_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-te_ara-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Before 1987 it was common for prime ministers to take the role of <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_(New_Zealand)" title="Minister of Foreign Affairs (New Zealand)">minister of foreign affairs</a>, so they could represent New Zealand on the international stage.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More recent prime ministers have taken portfolios relevant to their interests, or to promote specific areas they saw as important. For example, <a href="/wiki/David_Lange" title="David Lange">David Lange</a> took the education portfolio in his second term; <a href="/wiki/Helen_Clark" title="Helen Clark">Helen Clark</a> took the role of <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Arts,_Culture_and_Heritage" title="Minister for Arts, Culture and Heritage">minister for arts, culture and heritage</a>; <a href="/wiki/John_Key" title="John Key">John Key</a> served as <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Tourism_(New_Zealand)" title="Minister of Tourism (New Zealand)">minister of tourism</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Jacinda_Ardern" title="Jacinda Ardern">Jacinda Ardern</a> became minister for child-poverty reduction.<sup id="cite_ref-te_ara_8-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-te_ara-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although no longer likely to be the minister of foreign affairs, the prime minister remains responsible for welcoming foreign heads of government, visiting leaders overseas, and attending <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Heads_of_Government_Meeting" title="Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting">Commonwealth Heads of Government Meetings</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Conventionally, the prime minister is the responsible minister for the <a href="/wiki/Department_of_the_Prime_Minister_and_Cabinet_(New_Zealand)" title="Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet (New Zealand)"> Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet</a> (DPMC; founded in 1990), which has the task of supporting the policy agenda of Cabinet through policy advice and the coordination of the implementation of key government programmes.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_25-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Support_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Support-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Before 2014, the prime minister was also responsible for the <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Security_Intelligence_Service" title="New Zealand Security Intelligence Service">New Zealand Security and Intelligence Service</a> (NZSIS) and for the <a href="/wiki/Government_Communications_Security_Bureau" title="Government Communications Security Bureau">Government Communications Security Bureau</a> (GCSB).<sup id="cite_ref-:0_25-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2014, Prime Minister John Key gave himself the new portfolio of <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_National_Security_and_Intelligence_(New_Zealand)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of National Security and Intelligence (New Zealand)">National Security and Intellegence</a> and delegated responsibility for SIS and GCSB to other ministers. He also expanded the role of DPMC in <a href="/wiki/National_security" title="National security"> security</a> and intelligence. This model has been followed by subsequent prime ministers.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Privileges_of_office">Privileges of office</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prime_Minister_of_New_Zealand&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Privileges of office"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Salary_and_perquisites">Salary and perquisites</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prime_Minister_of_New_Zealand&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Salary and perquisites"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Under the Remuneration Authority Act 1977, and the Members of Parliament (Remuneration and Services) Act 2013, a prime minister's salary is determined annually by the Remuneration Authority, an independent body established by parliament to set salaries for members of parliament and other government officials.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> MPs' salaries were temporarily reduced during the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_New_Zealand" title="COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand">COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of July 2024<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prime_Minister_of_New_Zealand&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, the prime minister's salary is set at <a href="/wiki/NZ$" class="mw-redirect" title="NZ$">NZ$</a>498,300.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In addition, like all other ministers and MPs, the prime minister receives annual allowances for travel and lodging, as do the prime minister's spouse and children.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Premier_House,_Wellington_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Premier_House%2C_Wellington_3.jpg/220px-Premier_House%2C_Wellington_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Premier_House%2C_Wellington_3.jpg/330px-Premier_House%2C_Wellington_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Premier_House%2C_Wellington_3.jpg/440px-Premier_House%2C_Wellington_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Premier_House" title="Premier House">Premier House</a> in Wellington is the prime minister's residence.</figcaption></figure> <p>The incumbent prime minister's official residence is <a href="/wiki/Premier_House" title="Premier House">Premier House</a>, Tinakori Road, Wellington. There the prime minister hosts receptions and events for New Zealand and overseas guests.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unlike the residences of certain other heads of government (e.g. the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> and <a href="/wiki/10_Downing_Street" title="10 Downing Street">10 Downing Street</a>), Premier House does not serve as the government headquarters; the location of the prime minister's office is <a href="/wiki/Beehive_(New_Zealand)" title="Beehive (New Zealand)">the Beehive</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Parliament_Buildings" title="New Zealand Parliament Buildings">parliament precinct</a> a short distance away.<sup id="cite_ref-Support_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Support-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The prime minister's governmental work is supported by the non-partisan Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet. The separate Private Office of the Prime Minister provides advice and support on political party matters.<sup id="cite_ref-Support_27-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Support-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Style_(form_of_address)" title="Style (form of address)">style</a> of "<a href="/wiki/The_Right_Honourable" title="The Right Honourable">The Right Honourable</a>" (abbreviated to "The Rt Hon") is always granted to the prime minister upon taking office. Former prime ministers retain this style for the remainder of their lives.<sup id="cite_ref-rt_hon_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rt_hon-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The written form of address for the head of government should use their full parliamentary title as applicable: <i>The Right Honourable [name], [post-nominal letters], Prime Minister of New Zealand</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is also traditional for the monarch to bestow a <a href="/wiki/Knighthood" class="mw-redirect" title="Knighthood">knighthood</a> or <a href="/wiki/Damehood" class="mw-redirect" title="Damehood">damehood</a> on prime ministers after they leave office,<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and two prime ministers were knighted while still in office (namely <a href="/wiki/Keith_Holyoake" title="Keith Holyoake">Sir Keith Holyoake</a> in 1970,<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Muldoon" title="Robert Muldoon">Sir Robert Muldoon</a> in 1983<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Security_and_transport">Security and transport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prime_Minister_of_New_Zealand&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Security and transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Official_state_car#New_Zealand" title="Official state car">Official state car § New Zealand</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_Protection_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Diplomatic Protection Service">Diplomatic Protection Service</a> (DPS) is a special branch of the <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Police" title="New Zealand Police">New Zealand Police</a> that is charged with protecting the prime minister (and their family) and other senior government officials, as well as diplomats.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The DPS provides the prime minister with transport; they are driven in the <a href="/wiki/BMW_7_Series_(G11)" title="BMW 7 Series (G11)">BMW 7 Series</a> 730LD and 750LI, the latter of which is armoured.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although usually flown domestically on regularly scheduled <a href="/wiki/Air_New_Zealand" title="Air New Zealand">Air New Zealand</a> flights, the prime minister also makes use of <a href="/wiki/Royal_New_Zealand_Air_Force" title="Royal New Zealand Air Force">Royal New Zealand Air Force</a> aircraft, usually <a href="/wiki/Boeing_757" title="Boeing 757">Boeing 757</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 757 aircraft, which are used for international travel, has been upgraded with work stations, internal air stairs, and military communications capabilities.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 757 fleet is set to be replaced by 2028.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="After_office">After office</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prime_Minister_of_New_Zealand&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: After office"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Former officeholders are entitled to annuity and travel payments for the rest of their lives. Former prime ministers who held the office for no less than two years are entitled to a yearly rate of $10,900 for each complete year the person held office, with a maximum of $54,500 payable annually.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Former prime ministers, when travelling within New Zealand, are eligible to be paid if the travel is for fulfilling commitments related to his or her role as a former prime minister.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Should a serving or former prime minister die, they are accorded a <a href="/wiki/State_funeral#New_Zealand" title="State funeral">state funeral</a> (subject to the approval of the family). Two prime ministers who died in office were buried in mausoleums: <a href="/wiki/William_Massey" title="William Massey">William Massey</a> (died 1925) in the <a href="/wiki/Massey_Memorial" title="Massey Memorial">Massey Memorial</a> in <a href="/wiki/Wellington" title="Wellington">Wellington</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Joseph_Savage" title="Michael Joseph Savage">Michael Joseph Savage</a> (died 1940) in the Savage Memorial at <a href="/wiki/Bastion_Point" title="Bastion Point">Bastion Point</a> in <a href="/wiki/Auckland" title="Auckland">Auckland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prime_Minister_of_New_Zealand&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Henry_Sewell,_ca_1872.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Henry_Sewell%2C_ca_1872.jpg/170px-Henry_Sewell%2C_ca_1872.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="232" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Henry_Sewell%2C_ca_1872.jpg/255px-Henry_Sewell%2C_ca_1872.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Henry_Sewell%2C_ca_1872.jpg/340px-Henry_Sewell%2C_ca_1872.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1811" data-file-height="2471" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Henry_Sewell" title="Henry Sewell">Henry Sewell</a>, regarded as New Zealand's first premier</figcaption></figure> <p>Assuming that <a href="/wiki/Henry_Sewell" title="Henry Sewell">Henry Sewell</a> is counted as the first prime minister, <a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_New_Zealand" title="List of prime ministers of New Zealand">42 individuals</a> have held the office since it was established.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some of these people have held it on several separate occasions, with the record for maximum number of times being shared between <a href="/wiki/William_Fox_(politician)" title="William Fox (politician)">William Fox</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harry_Atkinson" title="Harry Atkinson">Harry Atkinson</a> (both of whom served four times). The longest that anyone has served in the office is 13 years, a record set by <a href="/wiki/Richard_Seddon" title="Richard Seddon">Richard Seddon</a>. The first holder of the office, Henry Sewell, led the country for the shortest total time; his only term lasted just 13 days. The shortest term belonged to Harry Atkinson, whose third term lasted only seven days, but Atkinson served longer in total than did Sewell.<sup id="cite_ref-trivia_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-trivia-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The youngest was <a href="/wiki/Edward_Stafford_(politician)" title="Edward Stafford (politician)">Edward Stafford</a>, who was appointed premier in 1856, at 37 years, 40 days old.<sup id="cite_ref-Coulter_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Coulter-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The oldest was <a href="/wiki/Walter_Nash" title="Walter Nash">Walter Nash</a>, who was 78 years old when he left office in 1960 (and 75 upon taking office in 1957).<sup id="cite_ref-trivia_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-trivia-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It is regarded that all New Zealand prime ministers thus far have been <a href="/wiki/P%C4%81keh%C4%81" title="Pākehā">Pākehā</a> (<a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_European" class="mw-redirect" title="New Zealand European">New Zealand European</a>), and mostly of <a href="/wiki/British_people" title="British people">British</a> and <a href="/wiki/Irish_people" title="Irish people">Irish</a> descent. There was persistent speculation during his lifetime that <a href="/wiki/Norman_Kirk" title="Norman Kirk">Norman Kirk</a> (Prime Minister from 1972 to 1974) was <a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_people" title="Māori people">Māori</a> and had <a href="/wiki/Ng%C4%81i_Tahu" title="Ngāi Tahu">Kāi Tahu</a> ancestry; he never publicly identified himself as such, and there is no substantial evidence for the claim.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>New Zealand is one of the few countries in the world to have had three female heads of government and one of only three countries to have had a female head of government directly succeed another.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first female prime minister was <a href="/wiki/Jenny_Shipley" title="Jenny Shipley">Jenny Shipley</a> of the <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_National_Party" title="New Zealand National Party">National Party</a>, who replaced <a href="/wiki/Jim_Bolger" title="Jim Bolger">Jim Bolger</a> in late 1997; Shipley was succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Helen_Clark" title="Helen Clark">Helen Clark</a> in 1999. <a href="/wiki/Jacinda_Ardern" title="Jacinda Ardern">Jacinda Ardern</a>, the second female leader of the <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Labour_Party" title="New Zealand Labour Party">Labour Party</a> after Clark, became prime minister in 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-Coulter_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Coulter-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_leaders">Early leaders</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prime_Minister_of_New_Zealand&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Early leaders"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On becoming the <a href="/wiki/Colony_of_New_Zealand" title="Colony of New Zealand">Colony of New Zealand</a> in 1841, New Zealand was directly governed by a <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_New_Zealand" title="Governor-General of New Zealand">governor</a>, appointed by the <a href="/wiki/Colonial_Office" title="Colonial Office">Colonial Office</a> in Britain. <a href="/wiki/Self-government" class="mw-redirect" title="Self-government">Self-government</a> was established in 1853, following the <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Constitution_Act_1852" title="New Zealand Constitution Act 1852">New Zealand Constitution Act 1852</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/1st_New_Zealand_Parliament" title="1st New Zealand Parliament">First Parliament</a> met on 24 May 1854.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The origins of the office of prime minister are disputed. Use of the words <i><a href="/wiki/Prime_minister" title="Prime minister">prime minister</a></i> as a descriptive term dates back to the First Parliament, where they are applied to <a href="/wiki/James_FitzGerald_(New_Zealand_politician)" title="James FitzGerald (New Zealand politician)">James FitzGerald</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Forsaith" title="Thomas Forsaith">Thomas Forsaith</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-McLean_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McLean-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> FitzGerald and Forsaith had no official titles, however, and New Zealand had not yet obtained self-government. As such, they are not usually considered prime ministers in any substantive sense.<sup id="cite_ref-McLintock1966_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McLintock1966-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first person to be formally appointed to a position of executive leadership was <a href="/wiki/Henry_Sewell" title="Henry Sewell">Henry Sewell</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-McLintock1966_53-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McLintock1966-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who formed a brief <a href="/wiki/Ministry_(collective_executive)" title="Ministry (collective executive)">ministry</a> in April 1856, at the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/2nd_New_Zealand_Parliament" title="2nd New Zealand Parliament">Second Parliament</a>. Despite his formal leadership role, however, his only actual title was "<a href="/wiki/Colonial_Secretary_of_New_Zealand" title="Colonial Secretary of New Zealand">colonial secretary</a>",<sup id="cite_ref-McLean_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McLean-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a position comparable to a <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Internal_Affairs_(New_Zealand)" title="Minister of Internal Affairs (New Zealand)">minister of internal affairs</a>. His successor, <a href="/wiki/William_Fox_(politician)" title="William Fox (politician)">William Fox</a>, was also given a formal leadership role but was not a colonial secretary. In 1864 when <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Weld" title="Frederick Weld">Frederick Weld</a> became the sixth person appointed to formal leadership, a substantive leadership title, "premier", appeared. Weld's successor, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Stafford_(politician)" title="Edward Stafford (politician)">Edward Stafford</a>, briefly changed the title to "first minister", but it was soon restored to premier during the second tenure of Fox in 1869.<sup id="cite_ref-title_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-title-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From that point, the title "premier" was used almost exclusively for the remainder of the 19th century. Nevertheless, in the Schedule of the <a href="/wiki/Civil_List" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil List">Civil List</a> of 1873, provision was made for the salary of the head of government "being the Prime Minister".<sup id="cite_ref-title_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-title-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Initially, premiers acted as mere advisers to the governor—with the governor at times a very active partner. This began to change during the first tenure of Edward Stafford. Stafford met with his ministers and made decisions outside of the <a href="/wiki/Executive_Council_of_New_Zealand" title="Executive Council of New Zealand">Executive Council</a> (which was chaired by the governor), thus establishing the modern convention of <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Cabinet government">cabinet government</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stafford also clashed with the governor over control of <a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_people" title="Māori people">native</a> affairs, which was eventually to fall within the premier's powers.<sup id="cite_ref-governors_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-governors-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Party_leadership">Party leadership</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prime_Minister_of_New_Zealand&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Party leadership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RichardSeddon1905.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/RichardSeddon1905.jpg/170px-RichardSeddon1905.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="254" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/RichardSeddon1905.jpg/255px-RichardSeddon1905.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/RichardSeddon1905.jpg/340px-RichardSeddon1905.jpg 2x" data-file-width="421" data-file-height="630" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Richard_Seddon" title="Richard Seddon">Richard Seddon</a> styled himself "Prime Minister" at the turn of the 20th century</figcaption></figure> <p>Premiers were initially supported by unorganised factions based on personal interests, and their governments were short-lived.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The political position of the premier was enhanced by the development of modern <a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_New_Zealand" title="List of political parties in New Zealand">political parties</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Johansson2013_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johansson2013-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Premier <a href="/wiki/John_Ballance" title="John Ballance">John Ballance</a> organised the first formal party in New Zealand, the <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Liberal_Party" title="New Zealand Liberal Party">Liberal Party</a>, forming the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Government_of_New_Zealand" title="Liberal Government of New Zealand">Liberal Government</a> in 1891.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There was little real <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_opposition" title="Parliamentary opposition">parliamentary opposition</a> until 1909, when <a href="/wiki/William_Massey" title="William Massey">William Massey</a> organised his <a href="/wiki/Historic_conservatism_in_New_Zealand" title="Historic conservatism in New Zealand">conservative</a> faction to form the <a href="/wiki/Reform_Party_(New_Zealand)" title="Reform Party (New Zealand)">Reform Party</a>. Thereafter political power centred on parties and their leaders.<sup id="cite_ref-party_leadership_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-party_leadership-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Subsequent governments were led by prime ministers from the Reform, <a href="/wiki/United_Party_(New_Zealand)" title="United Party (New Zealand)">United</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Labour_Party" title="New Zealand Labour Party">Labour</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_National" class="mw-redirect" title="New Zealand National">National</a> parties.<sup id="cite_ref-Johansson2013_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johansson2013-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) Although not every government would have a large majority, the <a href="/wiki/Party_system" title="Party system">party system</a> and tight control of party members by <a href="/wiki/Whip_(politics)" title="Whip (politics)">whips</a> helped heads of government to direct the passage of legislation in the House of Representatives. In 1893, the premier gained the ability to restrict the term of appointments to the <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Legislative_Council" title="New Zealand Legislative Council">Legislative Council</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After 1900, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Seddon" title="Richard Seddon">Richard Seddon</a>, the incumbent head of government, used the title of "prime minister". The change of title was reflected in the <i><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_official_publications" title="New Zealand official publications">New Zealand Official Yearbook</a></i> of that year.<sup id="cite_ref-title_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-title-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Seddon's immediate successor, <a href="/wiki/William_Hall-Jones" title="William Hall-Jones">William Hall-Jones</a>, was the first to be sworn in as "prime minister", in 1906.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The expanding power of the prime minister was kept in check by the need to build consensus with other leading members of the Cabinet and of the governing party, including those who represented various ideological wings of the party. Other institutions, including Parliament itself and the wider state bureaucracy, also acted as limits on prime ministerial power; in 1912 <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Mackenzie" title="Thomas Mackenzie">Thomas Mackenzie</a> was the last prime minister to lose power through an unsuccessful <a href="/wiki/Motion_of_no_confidence" title="Motion of no confidence">confidence motion</a> in the House of Representatives.<sup id="cite_ref-trivia_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-trivia-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Towards_modern_leadership">Towards modern leadership</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prime_Minister_of_New_Zealand&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Towards modern leadership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>One change brought about by the <a href="/wiki/First_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First World War">First World War</a> was direct participation in governing the British Empire. Previously, New Zealand prime ministers had attended occasional colonial and imperial conferences, but they otherwise communicated with London through the governor (a position then appointed by the British government). In 1917, British Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/David_Lloyd_George" title="David Lloyd George">David Lloyd George</a> offered the New Zealand prime minister a seat in the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_War_Cabinet" title="Imperial War Cabinet">Imperial War Cabinet</a>, the British Empire's wartime coordinating body. In 1919, Prime Minister William Massey signed the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Versailles" title="Treaty of Versailles">Treaty of Versailles</a> on behalf of New Zealand, signalling the <a href="/wiki/Independence_of_New_Zealand" title="Independence of New Zealand">independence of New Zealand</a> within the empire, although Massey downplayed the event as an ardent imperialist.<sup id="cite_ref-party_leadership_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-party_leadership-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Constitutional conventions adopted in 1930, following the <a href="/wiki/1930_Imperial_Conference" title="1930 Imperial Conference">Imperial Conference</a> held that year, increased the domestic and international prestige of the prime minister. The <a href="/wiki/Statute_of_Westminster_1931" title="Statute of Westminster 1931">Statute of Westminster 1931</a> confirmed that Dominions had exclusive power to make their laws. New Zealand initially resisted greater autonomy and did not <a href="/wiki/Statute_of_Westminster_Adoption_Act_1947" title="Statute of Westminster Adoption Act 1947">adopt the statute until 1947</a>. Increasingly New Zealand began to act independently in foreign affairs. During the 1940s the prime minister's profile rose as New Zealand signed several international treaties.<sup id="cite_ref-party_leadership_59-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-party_leadership-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1967, <a href="/wiki/Keith_Holyoake" title="Keith Holyoake">Keith Holyoake</a> became the first New Zealand prime minister to select candidates for the position of governor-general without any involvement of the British government. Holyoake advised the monarch, <a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen Elizabeth II">Queen Elizabeth II</a>, to appoint <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Porritt,_Baron_Porritt" title="Arthur Porritt, Baron Porritt">Sir Arthur Porritt</a>, the first New Zealand-born governor-general.<sup id="cite_ref-governors_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-governors-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Key_Helen_Clark_handshake.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/John_Key_Helen_Clark_handshake.jpg/260px-John_Key_Helen_Clark_handshake.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/John_Key_Helen_Clark_handshake.jpg/390px-John_Key_Helen_Clark_handshake.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/John_Key_Helen_Clark_handshake.jpg/520px-John_Key_Helen_Clark_handshake.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3629" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>The 37th and 38th prime ministers of New Zealand, pictured in 2009: <a href="/wiki/John_Key" title="John Key">John Key</a> with his predecessor, <a href="/wiki/Helen_Clark" title="Helen Clark">Helen Clark</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>After the <a href="/wiki/Mixed-member_proportional" class="mw-redirect" title="Mixed-member proportional">mixed-member proportional</a> (MMP) system was <a href="/wiki/Electoral_reform_in_New_Zealand" title="Electoral reform in New Zealand">introduced in 1996</a>, prime ministers have had to manage minority governments. The skill of MMP management was exemplified by <a href="/wiki/Helen_Clark" title="Helen Clark">Helen Clark</a>'s nine years as prime minister (1999–2008), when her Labour government remained in power thanks to a range of <a href="/wiki/Confidence-and-supply" class="mw-redirect" title="Confidence-and-supply">confidence-and-supply</a> agreements with five smaller parties.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Until the premiership of Helen Clark, it was customary for senior members of the legislature, executive and judiciary—including the prime minister—to be appointed to the <a href="/wiki/Privy_Council_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Privy Council of the United Kingdom">British Privy Council</a>, granting them the style "Right Honourable". This practice was discontinued at the same time as the abolition of knighthoods and damehoods in 2000 from the <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_royal_honours_system" title="New Zealand royal honours system">New Zealand royal honours system</a>. National's <a href="/wiki/John_Key" title="John Key">John Key</a> became prime minister in 2008 and moved to restore titular honours,<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but did not resume appointments to the Privy Council, meaning Key was styled "The Honourable". On 3 August 2010, the Queen granted the prime minister, along with the governor-general, <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_New_Zealand_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the New Zealand House of Representatives">speaker of the House of Representatives</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_New_Zealand" title="Chief Justice of New Zealand">chief justice</a>, the style "Right Honourable" upon appointment.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 21 June 2018, Labour's <a href="/wiki/Jacinda_Ardern" title="Jacinda Ardern">Jacinda Ardern</a> became the first prime minister of New Zealand (and second elected head of government in the world) to give birth while in office.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ardern was also the first prime minister to lead a single-party <a href="/wiki/Majority_government" title="Majority government">majority government</a> since the introduction of MMP, doing so from 2020 to 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Deputy_prime_minister">Deputy prime minister</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prime_Minister_of_New_Zealand&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Deputy prime minister"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_New_Zealand" title="Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand">Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand</a></div> <p>An office titled "deputy prime minister" has existed since 1949.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>h<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The deputy typically holds important ministerial portfolios and, by convention, becomes <a href="/wiki/Acting_prime_minister" title="Acting prime minister">acting prime minister</a> in the absence or incapacity of the prime minister.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The deputy is commonly a member of the same party as the prime minister, but not necessarily so; in coalition governments, the parliamentary leader of a junior party may be offered the post.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Winston_Peters" title="Winston Peters">Winston Peters</a>, leader of <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_First" title="New Zealand First">New Zealand First</a>, has been deputy prime minister since 27 November 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lists_relating_to_the_prime_ministers_of_New_Zealand">Lists relating to the prime ministers of New Zealand</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prime_Minister_of_New_Zealand&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Lists relating to the prime ministers of New Zealand"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lists of the 42 people who have so far held the premiership: </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_New_Zealand" title="List of prime ministers of New Zealand">List of prime ministers of New Zealand</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_New_Zealand_by_age" title="List of prime ministers of New Zealand by age">List of prime ministers of New Zealand by age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_New_Zealand_by_place_of_birth" title="List of prime ministers of New Zealand by place of birth">List of prime ministers of New Zealand by place of birth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_New_Zealand_by_education" title="List of prime ministers of New Zealand by education">List of prime ministers of New Zealand by education</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prime_Minister_of_New_Zealand&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/28px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/42px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/56px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/32px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/48px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/64px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:New_Zealand" title="Portal:New Zealand">New Zealand portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spouse_of_the_prime_minister_of_New_Zealand" title="Spouse of the prime minister of New Zealand">Spouse of the prime minister of New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_Zealand_electorates_represented_by_sitting_prime_ministers" title="List of New Zealand electorates represented by sitting prime ministers">List of New Zealand electorates represented by sitting prime ministers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_order_of_precedence" title="New Zealand order of precedence">New Zealand order of precedence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_Zealand_governments" title="List of New Zealand governments">List of New Zealand governments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_heads_of_state_and_government" title="List of current heads of state and government">List of current heads of state and government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powers_of_the_prime_minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Powers of the prime minister of the United Kingdom">Powers of the prime minister of the United Kingdom</a> – comparable to the New Zealand prime minister</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prime_Minister_of_New_Zealand&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Convention merely requires that the prime minister's government can survive a <a href="/wiki/Motion_of_no-confidence" class="mw-redirect" title="Motion of no-confidence">motion of no-confidence</a>. As a practical necessity, the head of government is usually the leader of the party with a <a href="/wiki/Plurality_(voting)" title="Plurality (voting)">plurality</a> of seats in the House of Representatives. However, on rare occasions, they may lead a <a href="/wiki/Coalition_government" title="Coalition government">coalition government</a> that outnumbers the single largest party.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The aftermath of the <a href="/wiki/1931_New_Zealand_general_election" title="1931 New Zealand general election">1931 New Zealand general election</a> proved an exception.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Five premiers and prime ministers have died in office: <a href="/wiki/John_Ballance" title="John Ballance">John Ballance</a> (1893), <a href="/wiki/Richard_Seddon" title="Richard Seddon">Richard Seddon</a> (1906), <a href="/wiki/William_Massey" title="William Massey">William Massey</a> (1925), <a href="/wiki/Michael_Joseph_Savage" title="Michael Joseph Savage">Michael Joseph Savage</a> (1940), and <a href="/wiki/Norman_Kirk" title="Norman Kirk">Norman Kirk</a> (1974).<sup id="cite_ref-trivia_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-trivia-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All died of natural causes. See: <a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_New_Zealand_Parliament_who_died_in_office" title="List of members of the New Zealand Parliament who died in office">List of members of the New Zealand Parliament who died in office</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-recall-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-recall_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> No prime minister in New Zealand has ever exercised the power of recall. Three governors were recalled during the colonial period, but on the advice of British ministers.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The prime minister is legally obligated to do so within three years of the previous election.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Some political scientists have gone so far as to describe the Cabinet as the prime minister's "<a href="/wiki/Focus_group" title="Focus group">focus group</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-Cross_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cross-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ministers-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ministers_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The extent to which this power can be exercised varies between parties; the <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Labour_Party" title="New Zealand Labour Party">Labour Party</a>, for example, places most of this responsibility in the hands of its <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_group" title="Parliamentary group"> parliamentary caucus</a>, leaving the prime minister only with the power to choose which portfolios a minister is given.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Furthermore, <a href="/wiki/Electoral_system_of_New_Zealand" title="Electoral system of New Zealand">the MMP electoral system</a> has complicated this, as a prime minister may have to consult with the leaders of other parties in government.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The formal title dates to 1949, although the role of deputy has existed on an informal basis for as long as the office of prime minister/premier has existed.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">There is, however, no legislated <a href="/wiki/Order_of_succession" title="Order of succession">order of succession</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prime_Minister_of_New_Zealand&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Jan2023-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jan2023_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gg.govt.nz/governor-general/blog/2023/01/appointment-ceremony-new-prime-minister-and-deputy-prime-minister">"Appointment ceremony of the new prime minister and deputy prime minister"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Appointment+ceremony+of+the+new+prime+minister+and+deputy+prime+minister&rft.pub=Government+House&rft.date=2023-01-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgg.govt.nz%2Fgovernor-general%2Fblog%2F2023%2F01%2Fappointment-ceremony-new-prime-minister-and-deputy-prime-minister&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrime+Minister+of+New+Zealand" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-title-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-title_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-title_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-title_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-title_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcLintock1966" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">McLintock, Alexander Hare (1966). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.teara.govt.nz/en/1966/prime-ministers-of-new-zealand/page-2">"Prime Minister: The Title 'Premier'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/An_Encyclopaedia_of_New_Zealand" title="An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand">An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2018</span>. <q>Now that New Zealand's Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern has hit world headlines by becoming only the second elected head of government to give birth in office, attention has naturally been drawn to the first such leader – Pakistan's late two-time Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Benazir_Bhutto" title="Benazir Bhutto">Benazir Bhutto</a>.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Ardern+and+Bhutto%3A+Two+different+pregnancies+in+power&rft.date=2018-06-21&rft.aulast=Khan&rft.aufirst=M+Ilyas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-asia-44568537&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrime+Minister+of+New+Zealand" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newshub.co.nz/home/new-zealand/2018/06/it-s-a-girl-jacinda-ardern-gives-birth-to-her-first-child.html">"It's a girl! 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Ward, Government Printer. p. 118. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/154283103">154283103</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=New+Zealand+Parliamentary+Record%2C+1840%E2%80%931984&rft.place=Wellington&rft.pages=118&rft.edition=4th&rft.pub=V.+R.+Ward%2C+Government+Printer&rft.date=1985&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F154283103&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=James+Oakley&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrime+Minister+of+New+Zealand" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmall2012" class="citation news cs1">Small, Vernon (8 December 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stuff.co.nz/national/politics/8052977/Labour-leader-looks-to-outsiders-for-deputy">"Labour leader looks to outsiders for deputy"</a>. <i>Stuff.co.nz</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Stuff.co.nz&rft.atitle=Labour+leader+looks+to+outsiders+for+deputy&rft.date=2012-12-08&rft.aulast=Small&rft.aufirst=Vernon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stuff.co.nz%2Fnational%2Fpolitics%2F8052977%2FLabour-leader-looks-to-outsiders-for-deputy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrime+Minister+of+New+Zealand" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMulganAimer2004" class="citation book cs1">Mulgan, R. G.; Aimer, Peter (2004). <i>Politics in New Zealand</i> (3rd ed.). Auckland, N.Z.: Auckland University Press. p. 79. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1869403185" title="Special:BookSources/1869403185"><bdi>1869403185</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Politics+in+New+Zealand&rft.place=Auckland%2C+N.Z.&rft.pages=79&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Auckland+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=1869403185&rft.aulast=Mulgan&rft.aufirst=R.+G.&rft.au=Aimer%2C+Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrime+Minister+of+New+Zealand" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/political/503154/tough-choice-means-deputy-prime-minister-role-is-shared-between-peters-and-seymour">"Tough choice means Deputy Prime Minister role is shared - between Peters and Seymour"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/RNZ" class="mw-redirect" title="RNZ">RNZ</a></i>. 24 November 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RNZ&rft.atitle=Tough+choice+means+Deputy+Prime+Minister+role+is+shared+-+between+Peters+and+Seymour&rft.date=2023-11-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rnz.co.nz%2Fnews%2Fpolitical%2F503154%2Ftough-choice-means-deputy-prime-minister-role-is-shared-between-peters-and-seymour&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrime+Minister+of+New+Zealand" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prime_Minister_of_New_Zealand&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dpmc.govt.nz">Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet (DPMC)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nzhistory.govt.nz/politics/premiers-and-prime-ministers">Biographies of Premiers and Prime Ministers</a> at NZHistory</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.beehive.govt.nz/portfolio/labour-led-government-2017-2020/prime-minister">Prime Minister</a> press releases at Beehive.govt.nz</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output 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scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:New_Zealand_prime_ministers" title="Template:New Zealand prime ministers"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:New_Zealand_prime_ministers" title="Template talk:New Zealand prime ministers"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:New_Zealand_prime_ministers" title="Special:EditPage/Template:New Zealand prime ministers"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Premiers_and_prime_ministers_of_New_Zealand_(list)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Premiers and prime ministers of New Zealand</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_New_Zealand" title="List of prime ministers of New Zealand">list</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Sewell" title="Henry Sewell">Sewell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Fox_(politician)" title="William Fox (politician)">Fox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Stafford_(politician)" title="Edward Stafford (politician)">Stafford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Domett" title="Alfred Domett">Domett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Whitaker" title="Frederick Whitaker">Whitaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Weld" title="Frederick Weld">Weld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Waterhouse_(politician)" title="George Waterhouse (politician)">Waterhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Vogel" title="Julius Vogel">Vogel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Pollen" title="Daniel Pollen">Pollen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Atkinson" title="Harry Atkinson">Atkinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Grey" title="George Grey">Grey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hall_(New_Zealand_politician)" title="John Hall (New Zealand politician)">Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Stout" title="Robert Stout">Stout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ballance" title="John Ballance">Ballance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Seddon" title="Richard Seddon">Seddon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Hall-Jones" title="William Hall-Jones">Hall-Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Ward" title="Joseph Ward">Ward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Mackenzie" title="Thomas Mackenzie">Mackenzie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Massey" title="William Massey">Massey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Bell_(New_Zealand_politician)" title="Francis Bell (New Zealand politician)">Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Coates" title="Gordon Coates">Coates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Forbes_(New_Zealand_politician)" title="George Forbes (New Zealand politician)">Forbes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Joseph_Savage" title="Michael Joseph Savage">Savage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Fraser" title="Peter Fraser">Fraser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Holland" title="Sidney Holland">Holland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keith_Holyoake" title="Keith Holyoake">Holyoake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Nash" title="Walter Nash">Nash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Marshall" title="Jack Marshall">Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Kirk" title="Norman Kirk">Kirk</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Watt" title="Hugh Watt">Watt</a> (acting)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Rowling" title="Bill Rowling">Rowling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Muldoon" title="Robert Muldoon">Muldoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lange" title="David Lange">Lange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Palmer_(politician)" title="Geoffrey Palmer (politician)">Palmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Moore_(New_Zealand_politician)" title="Mike Moore (New Zealand politician)">Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Bolger" title="Jim Bolger">Bolger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jenny_Shipley" title="Jenny Shipley">Shipley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Clark" title="Helen Clark">Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Key" title="John Key">Key</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_English" title="Bill English">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacinda_Ardern" title="Jacinda Ardern">Ardern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Hipkins" title="Chris Hipkins">Hipkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Luxon" title="Christopher Luxon">Luxon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" 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style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Lists_of_prime_ministers_of_New_Zealand" title="Template:Lists of prime ministers of New Zealand"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Lists_of_prime_ministers_of_New_Zealand" title="Template talk:Lists of prime ministers of New Zealand"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Lists_of_prime_ministers_of_New_Zealand" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Lists of prime ministers of New Zealand"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Lists_related_to_prime_ministers_of_New_Zealand" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Lists related to prime ministers of New Zealand</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Premiership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_Zealand_electorates_represented_by_sitting_prime_ministers" title="List of New Zealand electorates represented by sitting prime ministers">Electorates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_New_Zealand" title="List of prime ministers of New Zealand">Order of service</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="By_monarch" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_New_Zealand#List_of_monarchs" title="Monarchy of New Zealand">By monarch</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Queen_Victoria#New_Zealand" title="List of prime ministers of Queen Victoria">Victoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Edward_VII#New_Zealand" title="List of prime ministers of Edward VII">Edward VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_George_V#New_Zealand" title="List of prime ministers of George V">George V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Edward_VIII" title="List of prime ministers of Edward VIII">Edward VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_George_VI#New_Zealand" title="List of prime ministers of George VI">George VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Elizabeth_II#New_Zealand" title="List of prime ministers of Elizabeth II">Elizabeth II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Charles_III#New_Zealand" title="List of prime ministers of Charles III">Charles III</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Personal life</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_New_Zealand_by_age" title="List of prime ministers of New Zealand by age">Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_New_Zealand_by_place_of_birth" title="List of prime ministers of New Zealand by place of birth">Birth places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_New_Zealand_by_education" title="List of prime ministers of New Zealand by education">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spouse_of_the_prime_minister_of_New_Zealand" title="Spouse of the prime minister of New Zealand">Spouses</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Electoral_histories_of_New_Zealand_prime_ministers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:New_Zealand_prime_minister_electoral_histories" title="Template:New Zealand prime minister electoral histories"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:New_Zealand_prime_minister_electoral_histories" title="Template talk:New Zealand prime minister electoral histories"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:New_Zealand_prime_minister_electoral_histories" title="Special:EditPage/Template:New Zealand prime minister electoral histories"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Electoral_histories_of_New_Zealand_prime_ministers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Electoral histories of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">New Zealand prime ministers</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electoral_history_of_Henry_Sewell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electoral history of Henry Sewell (page does not exist)">Henry Sewell</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electoral_history_of_William_Fox&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electoral history of William Fox (page does not exist)">William Fox</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electoral_history_of_Edward_Stafford&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electoral history of Edward Stafford (page does not exist)">Edward Stafford</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electoral_history_of_Alfred_Domett&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electoral history of Alfred Domett (page does not exist)">Alfred Domett</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electoral_history_of_Frederick_Whitaker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electoral history of Frederick Whitaker (page does not exist)">Frederick Whitaker</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electoral_history_of_Frederick_Weld&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electoral history of Frederick Weld (page does not exist)">Frederick Weld</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electoral_history_of_George_Waterhouse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electoral history of George Waterhouse (page does not exist)">George Waterhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electoral_history_of_Julius_Vogel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electoral history of Julius Vogel (page does not exist)">Julius Vogel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electoral_history_of_Daniel_Pollen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electoral history of Daniel Pollen (page does not exist)">Daniel Pollen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electoral_history_of_Harry_Atkinson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electoral history of Harry Atkinson (page does not exist)">Harry Atkinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_George_Grey" title="Electoral history of George Grey">George Grey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electoral_history_of_John_Hall&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electoral history of John Hall (page does not exist)">John Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Robert_Stout" title="Electoral history of Robert Stout">Robert Stout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_John_Ballance" title="Electoral history of John Ballance">John Ballance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Richard_Seddon" title="Electoral history of Richard Seddon">Richard Seddon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electoral_history_of_William_Hall-Jones&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electoral history of William Hall-Jones (page does not exist)">William Hall-Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Joseph_Ward" title="Electoral history of Joseph Ward">Joseph Ward</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electoral_history_of_Thomas_Mackenzie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electoral history of Thomas Mackenzie (page does not exist)">Thomas Mackenzie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_William_Massey" title="Electoral history of William Massey">William Massey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Francis_Bell" title="Electoral history of Francis Bell">Francis Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Gordon_Coates" title="Electoral history of Gordon Coates">Gordon Coates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_George_Forbes" title="Electoral history of George Forbes">George Forbes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Michael_Joseph_Savage" title="Electoral history of Michael Joseph Savage">Michael Joseph Savage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Peter_Fraser" title="Electoral history of Peter Fraser">Peter Fraser</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electoral_history_of_Sidney_Holland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electoral history of Sidney Holland (page does not exist)">Sidney Holland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Keith_Holyoake" title="Electoral history of Keith Holyoake">Keith Holyoake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Walter_Nash" title="Electoral history of Walter Nash">Walter Nash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Jack_Marshall" title="Electoral history of Jack Marshall">Jack Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Norman_Kirk" title="Electoral history of Norman Kirk">Norman Kirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Bill_Rowling" title="Electoral history of Bill Rowling">Bill Rowling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Robert_Muldoon" title="Electoral history of Robert Muldoon">Robert Muldoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_David_Lange" title="Electoral history of David Lange">David Lange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Geoffrey_Palmer" title="Electoral history of Geoffrey Palmer">Geoffrey Palmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Mike_Moore" title="Electoral history of Mike Moore">Mike Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Jim_Bolger" title="Electoral history of Jim Bolger">Jim Bolger</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electoral_history_of_Jenny_Shipley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electoral history of Jenny Shipley (page does not exist)">Jenny Shipley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Helen_Clark" title="Electoral history of Helen Clark">Helen Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_John_Key" title="Electoral history of John Key">John Key</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electoral_history_of_Bill_English&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electoral history of Bill English (page does not exist)">Bill English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Jacinda_Ardern" title="Electoral history of Jacinda Ardern">Jacinda Ardern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Chris_Hipkins" title="Electoral history of Chris Hipkins">Chris Hipkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Christopher_Luxon" title="Electoral history of Christopher Luxon">Christopher Luxon</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of New Zealand"><img alt="Coat of arms of New Zealand" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg/50px-Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="48" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg/75px-Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="725" data-file-height="699" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="New_Zealand_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:New_Zealand_topics" title="Template:New Zealand topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:New_Zealand_topics" title="Template talk:New Zealand topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:New_Zealand_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:New Zealand topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="New_Zealand_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> articles</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_New_Zealand" title="History of New Zealand">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_New_Zealand_history" title="Timeline of New Zealand history">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archaeology_of_New_Zealand" title="Archaeology of New Zealand">Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_New_Zealand" title="Economic history of New Zealand">Economic history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_New_Zealand" title="Military history of New Zealand">Military history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_history" title="Māori history">Māori history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_history_of_New_Zealand" title="Natural history of New Zealand">Natural history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_history_of_New_Zealand" title="Political history of New Zealand">Political history</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Waitangi" title="Treaty of Waitangi">Treaty of Waitangi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Wars" title="New Zealand Wars">New Zealand Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_suffrage_in_New_Zealand" title="Women's suffrage in New Zealand">Women's suffrage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_New_Zealand%27s_links_with_Antarctica" title="Timeline of New Zealand's links with Antarctica">New Zealand and Antarctica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_New_Zealand" title="Colony of New Zealand">Colony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_New_Zealand" title="Dominion of New Zealand">Dominion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_of_New_Zealand" title="Independence of New Zealand">Independence</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_New_Zealand" title="Geography of New Zealand">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Physical_geography_of_New_Zealand" class="mw-redirect" title="Physical geography of New Zealand">Physical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biodiversity_of_New_Zealand" title="Biodiversity of New Zealand">Biodiversity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_caves_in_New_Zealand" title="List of caves in New Zealand">Caves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_New_Zealand" title="Climate of New Zealand">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_New_Zealand" title="Climate change in New Zealand">Climate change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_New_Zealand" title="List of earthquakes in New Zealand">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environment_of_New_Zealand" title="Environment of New Zealand">Environment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_New_Zealand" title="Geology of New Zealand">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_New_Zealand" title="List of islands of New Zealand">Islands</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Island" title="North Island">North Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Island" title="South Island">South Island</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakes_of_New_Zealand" title="Lakes of New Zealand">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_of_New_Zealand" class="mw-redirect" title="List of mountains of New Zealand">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_New_Zealand" title="Protected areas of New Zealand">Protected areas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marine_reserves_of_New_Zealand" title="Marine reserves of New Zealand">Marine reserves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_parks_of_New_Zealand" title="National parks of New Zealand">National parks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_New_Zealand" title="List of rivers of New Zealand">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volcanism_of_New_Zealand" title="Volcanism of New Zealand">Volcanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_in_New_Zealand" title="Water in New Zealand">Water</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_New_Zealand" title="List of cities in New Zealand">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Auckland" title="Auckland">Auckland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christchurch" title="Christchurch">Christchurch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunedin" title="Dunedin">Dunedin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton,_New_Zealand" title="Hamilton, New Zealand">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hastings,_New_Zealand" title="Hastings, New Zealand">Hastings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invercargill" title="Invercargill">Invercargill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napier,_New_Zealand" title="Napier, New Zealand">Napier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson,_New_Zealand" title="Nelson, New Zealand">Nelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Plymouth" title="New Plymouth">New Plymouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmerston_North" title="Palmerston North">Palmerston North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotorua" title="Rotorua">Rotorua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tauranga" title="Tauranga">Tauranga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellington" title="Wellington">Wellington</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capital_of_New_Zealand" title="Capital of New Zealand">capital</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whang%C4%81rei" title="Whangārei">Whangārei</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_New_Zealand" title="Local government in New Zealand">Subdivisions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_New_Zealand" title="Regions of New Zealand">Regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_authorities_of_New_Zealand" title="Territorial authorities of New Zealand">Territorial authorities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_New_Zealand" title="Politics of New Zealand">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_New_Zealand" title="Constitution of New Zealand">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_New_Zealand" title="Elections in New Zealand">Elections</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_system_of_New_Zealand" title="Electoral system of New Zealand">Electoral system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_New_Zealand" title="List of political parties in New Zealand">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voting_in_New_Zealand" class="mw-redirect" title="Voting in New Zealand">Voting</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_New_Zealand" title="Foreign relations of New Zealand">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_law_in_New_Zealand" title="Gun law in New Zealand">Gun law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_New_Zealand" title="Human rights in New Zealand">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Disability_rights_in_New_Zealand" title="Disability rights in New Zealand">Disability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intersex_rights_in_New_Zealand" title="Intersex rights in New Zealand">Intersex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_New_Zealand" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in New Zealand">LGBT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_New_Zealand" title="Judiciary of New Zealand">Judiciary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_New_Zealand" title="Supreme Court of New Zealand">Supreme Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_New_Zealand" title="Chief Justice of New Zealand">Chief Justice</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_New_Zealand" title="Law of New Zealand">Law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_New_Zealand" class="mw-redirect" title="Law enforcement in New Zealand">enforcement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_politics" title="Māori politics">Māori politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Defence_Force" title="New Zealand Defence Force">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_New_Zealand" title="Monarchy of New Zealand">Monarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Official_Opposition_(New_Zealand)" title="Official Opposition (New Zealand)">Official Opposition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Parliament" title="New Zealand Parliament">Parliament</a> (<a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_House_of_Representatives" title="New Zealand House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_funding_in_New_Zealand" title="Political funding in New Zealand">Political funding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_public_sector_organisations_in_New_Zealand" title="List of public sector organisations in New Zealand">Public sector</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Government" title="New Zealand Government">Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_New_Zealand" title="Cabinet of New Zealand">Cabinet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_Zealand_governments" title="List of New Zealand governments">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_New_Zealand" title="Governor-General of New Zealand">Governor-General</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors-general_of_New_Zealand" title="List of governors-general of New Zealand">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministers_in_the_New_Zealand_Government" title="Ministers in the New Zealand Government">Ministers</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Prime Minister</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_New_Zealand" title="List of prime ministers of New Zealand">list</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_New_Zealand" title="Economy of New Zealand">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_New_Zealand" title="Agriculture in New Zealand">Agriculture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dairy_farming_in_New_Zealand" title="Dairy farming in New Zealand">Dairy farming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_wine" title="New Zealand wine">Wine industry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_New_Zealand" title="List of companies of New Zealand">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_dollar" title="New Zealand dollar">Dollar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_New_Zealand" title="Energy in New Zealand">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_technology_industry_in_New_Zealand" title="Information technology industry in New Zealand">Information technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manufacturing_in_New_Zealand" title="Manufacturing in New Zealand">Manufacturing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_New_Zealand" title="Mining in New Zealand">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_New_Zealand" title="Poverty in New Zealand">Poverty</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Child_poverty_in_New_Zealand" title="Child poverty in New Zealand">Child poverty</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reserve_Bank_of_New_Zealand" title="Reserve Bank of New Zealand">Reserve Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogernomics" title="Rogernomics">Rogernomics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welfare_in_New_Zealand" title="Welfare in New Zealand">Social welfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_New_Zealand" title="Taxation in New Zealand">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_New_Zealand" title="Telecommunications in New Zealand">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_New_Zealand" title="Tourism in New Zealand">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_New_Zealand" title="Transport in New Zealand">Transportation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_New_Zealand" title="Rail transport in New Zealand">Rail transport</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_New_Zealand" title="Category:Society of New Zealand">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_New_Zealand" title="Abortion in New Zealand">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_nationality_law" title="New Zealand nationality law">Citizenship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_New_Zealand" title="Crime in New Zealand">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_New_Zealand" title="Demographics of New Zealand">Demographics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ethnic_origins_of_New_Zealanders" title="List of ethnic origins of New Zealanders">Ethnic origins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_inequality_in_New_Zealand" title="Gender inequality in New Zealand">Gender inequality</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_New_Zealand" title="Education in New Zealand">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euthanasia_in_New_Zealand" title="Euthanasia in New Zealand">Euthanasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_equality_in_New_Zealand" class="mw-redirect" title="Gender equality in New Zealand">Gender equality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_New_Zealand" title="Health in New Zealand">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_New_Zealand" title="Healthcare in New Zealand">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_New_Zealand" title="Homelessness in New Zealand">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Housing_in_New_Zealand" title="Housing in New Zealand">Housing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_New_Zealand" title="Immigration to New Zealand">Immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irreligion_in_New_Zealand" title="Irreligion in New Zealand">Irreligion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_New_Zealand" title="Languages of New Zealand">Languages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_language" title="Māori language">Māori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_English" title="New Zealand English">New Zealand English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Sign_Language" title="New Zealand Sign Language">New Zealand Sign Language</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_in_New_Zealand" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT in New Zealand">LGBT issues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naturism_in_New_Zealand" title="Naturism in New Zealand">Naturism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealanders" title="New Zealanders">People</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kiwi_(nickname)" title="Kiwi (nickname)">"Kiwi"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_people" title="Māori people">Māori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_New_Zealand" title="Women in New Zealand">Women</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_New_Zealand" title="Prostitution in New Zealand">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_New_Zealand" title="Religion in New Zealand">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Structural_discrimination_in_New_Zealand" title="Structural discrimination in New Zealand">Structural discrimination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_in_New_Zealand" title="Waste in New Zealand">Waste</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_New_Zealand" title="Culture of New Zealand">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_New_Zealand" title="Architecture of New Zealand">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_art" title="New Zealand art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_New_Zealand" title="Cinema of New Zealand">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_cuisine" title="New Zealand cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_literature" title="New Zealand literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_culture" title="Māori culture">Māori culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_New_Zealand" title="Mass media in New Zealand">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_New_Zealand" title="Music of New Zealand">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Performing_arts_of_New_Zealand" class="mw-redirect" title="Performing arts of New Zealand">Performing arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_New_Zealand" title="Public holidays in New Zealand">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_in_New_Zealand" title="Radio in New Zealand">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_New_Zealand" title="Sport in New Zealand">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_New_Zealand" title="National symbols of New Zealand">Symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_New_Zealand" title="Television in New Zealand">Television</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_New_Zealand" title="Outline of New Zealand">Outline</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:New_Zealand" title="Category:New Zealand">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:New_Zealand" title="Portal:New Zealand">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Parliament_of_New_Zealand" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Parliament_of_NZ" title="Template:Parliament of NZ"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Parliament_of_NZ" title="Template talk:Parliament of NZ"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Parliament_of_NZ" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Parliament of NZ"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Parliament_of_New_Zealand" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Parliament" title="New Zealand Parliament">Parliament of New Zealand</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_New_Zealand" title="Monarchy of New Zealand">Monarch</a> (represented by the <a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_New_Zealand" title="Governor-General of New Zealand">Governor-General</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Legislative_Council_(1841%E2%80%931853)" title="New Zealand Legislative Council (1841–1853)">Legislative Council</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1841–1853)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Legislative_Council" title="New Zealand Legislative Council">Legislative Council</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(1853–1950)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_House_of_Representatives" title="New Zealand House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="725" data-file-height="699" /></a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:House_of_Representatives_crest.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/House_of_Representatives_crest.png/100px-House_of_Representatives_crest.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/House_of_Representatives_crest.png/150px-House_of_Representatives_crest.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/House_of_Representatives_crest.png/200px-House_of_Representatives_crest.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parliamentary<br />officers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legislative Council</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_speakers_of_the_New_Zealand_Legislative_Council" title="List of speakers of the New Zealand Legislative Council">Speaker of the Legislative Council</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(defunct)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_Committees_(New_Zealand_Legislative_Council)" title="Chairman of Committees (New Zealand Legislative Council)">Chairman of Committees</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(defunct)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Legislative_Council" title="Leader of the Legislative Council">Leader of the Legislative Council</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(defunct)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">House of<br />Representatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_New_Zealand_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the New Zealand House of Representatives">Speaker of the House of Representatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_Committees_(New_Zealand_House_of_Representatives)" title="Chairman of Committees (New Zealand House of Representatives)">Chairman of Committees</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(defunct)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Clerk_of_the_House_of_Representatives" title="Office of the Clerk of the House of Representatives">Clerk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_House_(New_Zealand)" title="Leader of the House (New Zealand)">Leader of the House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministers_in_the_New_Zealand_Government" title="Ministers in the New Zealand Government">Ministers</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Prime Minister</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(New_Zealand)" title="Leader of the Opposition (New Zealand)">Leader of the Opposition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Official_Opposition_(New_Zealand)" title="Official Opposition (New Zealand)">Shadow Ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Leader_of_the_House_(New_Zealand)" title="Shadow Leader of the House (New Zealand)">Shadow Leader of the House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_whip_(New_Zealand)" title="Party whip (New Zealand)">Whips</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legislative Council</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Suicide_squad_(New_Zealand)" title="Suicide squad (New Zealand)">Abolition of the Legislative Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_New_Zealand_Legislative_Council" title="List of members of the New Zealand Legislative Council">Members of the Legislative Council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">House of<br />Representatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/54th_New_Zealand_Parliament" title="54th New Zealand Parliament">Current</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(<a href="/wiki/53rd_New_Zealand_Parliament" title="53rd New Zealand Parliament">previous</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_longest-serving_members_of_the_New_Zealand_Parliament" title="List of longest-serving members of the New Zealand Parliament">30+ years</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Father_of_the_House_(New_Zealand)" title="Father of the House (New Zealand)">Father or Mother of the House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baby_of_the_House#New_Zealand" title="Baby of the House">Baby of the House</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Procedure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Speech_from_the_throne" title="Speech from the throne">Speech from the throne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Question_time#New_Zealand" title="Question time">Question Time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reading_(legislature)" title="Reading (legislature)">Readings of bills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_member%27s_bill#New_Zealand" title="Private member's bill">Members' bills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_House_of_Representatives_committees" title="New Zealand House of Representatives committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Consent" title="King's Consent">King's Consent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_assent" title="Royal assent">Royal assent</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_New_Zealand" title="Elections in New Zealand">Elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2023_New_Zealand_general_election" title="2023 New Zealand general election">Previous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Next_New_Zealand_general_election" title="Next New Zealand general election">Next</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_parliaments_of_New_Zealand" title="List of parliaments of New Zealand">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_system_of_New_Zealand" title="Electoral system of New Zealand">Electoral system</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mixed-member_proportional_representation" title="Mixed-member proportional representation">Mixed-member proportional</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(current)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First-past-the-post_voting" title="First-past-the-post voting">First-past-the-post</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(previously)</span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_electorates" title="New Zealand electorates">Electorates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_Zealand_by-elections" title="List of New Zealand by-elections">By-elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_appointments_to_the_New_Zealand_House_of_Representatives" title="List of appointments to the New Zealand House of Representatives">Appointments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_supplementary_elections" title="New Zealand supplementary elections">Supplementary elections</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(defunct)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caretaker_government" title="Caretaker government">Caretaker government</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Assembly_House" title="General Assembly House">General Assembly House</a>, Auckland <span style="font-size:90%;">(demolished)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_House,_Wellington" title="Parliament House, Wellington">Parliament House, Wellington</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(current)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beehive_(New_Zealand)" title="Beehive (New Zealand)">Beehive</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(current executive wing)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Parliamentary_Library" title="New Zealand Parliamentary Library">Parliamentary Library</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(current)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowen_House" title="Bowen House">Bowen House</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(current)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Parliamentary_Association" title="Commonwealth Parliamentary Association">Commonwealth Parliamentary Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislature_broadcasters_in_New_Zealand" title="Legislature broadcasters in New Zealand">Legislature broadcasters in New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Debates_(Hansard)" title="Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)"><i>Parliamentary Debates</i> (Hansard)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waka-jumping" title="Waka-jumping">Waka-jumping</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Heads_of_state_and_government_of_Oceania" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Heads_of_state_and_government_of_Oceania" title="Template:Heads of state and government of Oceania"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Heads_of_state_and_government_of_Oceania" title="Template talk:Heads of state and government of Oceania"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Heads_of_state_and_government_of_Oceania" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Heads of state and government of Oceania"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Heads_of_state_and_government_of_Oceania" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Heads of state and government of Oceania</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Head_of_state" title="Head of state">Heads of state</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Australia" title="Monarchy of Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Fiji" title="President of Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Kiribati" title="President of Kiribati">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_Marshall_Islands" title="List of presidents of the Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="President of the Federated States of Micronesia">Federated States of Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Nauru" title="President of Nauru">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_New_Zealand" title="Monarchy of New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Palau" title="President of Palau">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Monarchy of Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O_le_Ao_o_le_Malo" title="O le Ao o le Malo">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Solomon_Islands" title="Monarchy of Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Tonga" title="List of monarchs of Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Tuvalu" title="Monarchy of Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Vanuatu" title="President of Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Associated_state" title="Associated state">Associated states</a> of New Zealand</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_New_Zealand" title="Monarchy of New Zealand">Cook Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_New_Zealand" title="Monarchy of New Zealand">Niue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Head_of_government" title="Head of government">Heads of government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Australia" title="Prime Minister of Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Fiji" title="Prime Minister of Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Kiribati" title="President of Kiribati">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_Marshall_Islands" title="List of presidents of the Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="President of the Federated States of Micronesia">Federated States of Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Nauru" title="President of Nauru">Nauru</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Palau" title="President of Palau">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Samoa" title="Prime Minister of Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Solomon_Islands" title="Prime Minister of Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Tonga" title="Prime Minister of Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Tuvalu" title="Prime Minister of Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Vanuatu" title="Prime Minister of Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Associated_state" title="Associated state">Associated states</a> of New Zealand</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_Cook_Islands" title="Prime Minister of the Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Niue" title="Prime Minister of Niue">Niue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Prime_ministers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Prime_ministers" title="Template:Prime ministers"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Prime_ministers" title="Template talk:Prime ministers"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Prime_ministers" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Prime ministers"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Prime_ministers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Prime_minister" title="Prime minister">Prime ministers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Prime ministers<br />by country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Abkhazia" title="Prime Minister of Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Afghanistan" title="Prime Minister of Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Albania" title="Prime Minister of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Algeria" title="Prime Minister of Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Armenia" title="Prime Minister of Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Aruba" title="Prime Minister of Aruba">Aruba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Australia" title="Prime Minister of Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Azerbaijan" title="Prime Minister of Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_Bahamas" title="Prime Minister of the Bahamas">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Bahrain" title="Prime Minister of Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Bangladesh" title="Prime Minister of Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Barbados" title="Prime Minister of Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Belarus" title="Prime Minister of Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Belgium" title="Prime Minister of Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Belize" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_premiers_of_Bermuda" title="List of premiers of Bermuda">Bermuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Bhutan" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Council_of_Ministers_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Bulgaria" title="Prime Minister of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Burkina_Faso" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Burundi" title="Prime Minister of Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Cambodia" title="Prime Minister of Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Cameroon" title="Prime Minister of Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Cape_Verde" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_Central_African_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of the Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Chad" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premier_of_China" title="Premier of China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of the Republic of the Congo">Congo (Republic)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Congo (Democratic Republic)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_Cook_Islands" title="Prime Minister of the Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Croatia" title="Prime Minister of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Cuba" title="Prime Minister of Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Cura%C3%A7ao" title="Prime Minister of Curaçao">Curaçao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Prime Minister of Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Prime Minister of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Denmark" title="Prime Minister of Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Djibouti" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Dominica" title="Prime Minister of Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_East_Timor" title="Prime Minister of East Timor">East Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Egypt" title="Prime Minister of Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Equatorial_Guinea" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Estonia" title="Prime Minister of Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Ethiopia" title="Prime Minister of Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_Faroe_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Fiji" title="Prime Minister of Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Finland" title="Prime Minister of Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_France" title="Prime Minister of France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Gabon" title="Prime Minister of Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Georgia" title="Prime Minister of Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Greece" title="Prime Minister of Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Greenland" title="Prime Minister of Greenland">Greenland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Grenada" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of Grenada">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Guinea" title="List of prime ministers of Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Guinea-Bissau" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Guyana" title="Prime Minister of Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Haiti" title="Prime Minister of Haiti">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Hungary" title="Prime Minister of Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Iceland" title="Prime Minister of Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_India" title="Prime Minister of India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Iraq" title="Prime Minister of Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taoiseach" title="Taoiseach">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Israel" title="Prime Minister of Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Italy" title="Prime Minister of Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Jamaica" title="Prime Minister of Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Japan" title="Prime Minister of Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Jordan" title="Prime Minister of Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Kazakhstan" title="Prime Minister of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premier_of_North_Korea" title="Premier of North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_South_Korea" title="Prime Minister of South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Kosovo" title="Prime Minister of Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Kuwait" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Cabinet_of_Ministers_of_Kyrgyzstan" title="Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers of Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Laos" title="Prime Minister of Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Latvia" title="Prime Minister of Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Lebanon" title="Prime Minister of Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Lesotho" title="List of prime ministers of Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Libya" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Lithuania" title="Prime Minister of Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Luxembourg" title="List of prime ministers of Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Madagascar" title="Prime Minister of Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Malaysia" title="Prime Minister of Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Mali" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Malta" title="Prime Minister of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Mauritania" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Mauritius" title="Prime Minister of Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Moldova" title="Prime Minister of Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Mongolia" title="Prime Minister of Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Montenegro" title="Prime Minister of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Morocco" title="Prime Minister of Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Mozambique" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Myanmar" title="Prime Minister of Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Namibia" title="Prime Minister of Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Nepal" title="Prime Minister of Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_Netherlands" title="Prime Minister of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Niue" title="Prime Minister of Niue">Niue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_North_Macedonia" title="Prime Minister of North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Norway" title="Prime Minister of Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Pakistan" title="Prime Minister of Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_State_of_Palestine" title="Prime Minister of the State of Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Peru" title="Prime Minister of Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Poland" title="Prime Minister of Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Portugal" title="Prime Minister of Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Qatar" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Romania" title="Prime Minister of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Russia" title="Prime Minister of Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Rwanda" title="Prime Minister of Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Saint_Lucia" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Samoa" title="Prime Minister of Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="List of prime ministers of São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Principe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Senegal" title="Prime Minister of Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Serbia" title="Prime Minister of Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Singapore" title="Prime Minister of Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Sint_Maarten" title="Prime Minister of Sint Maarten">Sint Maarten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Slovakia" title="Prime Minister of Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Slovenia" title="Prime Minister of Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Solomon_Islands" title="Prime Minister of Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Somalia" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_South_Ossetia" title="Prime Minister of South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Spain" title="Prime Minister of Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Prime Minister of Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Sudan" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Swaziland" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of Swaziland">Swaziland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Sweden" title="Prime Minister of Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Syria" title="Prime Minister of Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premier_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Premier of the Republic of China">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Tajikistan" title="Prime Minister of Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Tanzania" title="Prime Minister of Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Thailand" title="Prime Minister of Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Tonga" title="Prime Minister of Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Head_of_Government_of_Tunisia" class="mw-redirect" title="Head of Government of Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premier_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" title="Premier of the Turks and Caicos Islands">Turks and Caicos Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Tuvalu" title="Prime Minister of Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Uganda" title="Prime Minister of Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Ukraine" title="Prime Minister of Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_United_Arab_Emirates" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Uzbekistan" title="Prime Minister of Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Vanuatu" title="Prime Minister of Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Vietnam" title="Prime Minister of Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Yemen" title="Prime Minister of Yemen">Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic" title="Prime Minister of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic">Western Sahara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct title</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Angola" title="Prime Minister of Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Benin" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Brazil" title="Prime Minister of Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_Comoros" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of the Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Gambia" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister of Gambia">Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Ghana" title="Prime Minister of Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Indonesia" title="Prime Minister of Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Iran" title="Prime Minister of Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Kenya" title="Prime Minister of Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Malawi" title="Prime Minister of Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_Maldives" title="Prime Minister of the Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_Nagorno-Karabakh_Republic" title="Prime Minister of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic">Nagorno-Karabakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Nigeria" title="Prime Minister of Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_Philippines" title="Prime Minister of the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Seychelles" title="Prime Minister of Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_South_Africa" title="Prime Minister of South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Turkey" title="Prime Minister of Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Turkmenistan" title="Prime Minister of Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Zambia" title="Prime Minister of Zambia">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Zimbabwe" title="Prime Minister of Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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