Nutrients | Editor’s choice Articles

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Mining </option> <option value="modelling" > Modelling </option> <option value="mmphys" > Modern Mathematical Physics </option> <option value="molbank" > Molbank </option> <option value="molecules" > Molecules </option> <option value="mti" > Multimodal Technologies and Interaction (MTI) </option> <option value="muscles" > Muscles </option> <option value="nanoenergyadv" > Nanoenergy Advances </option> <option value="nanomanufacturing" > Nanomanufacturing </option> <option value="nanomaterials" > Nanomaterials </option> <option value="ndt" > NDT </option> <option value="network" > Network </option> <option value="neuroglia" > Neuroglia </option> <option value="neurolint" > Neurology International </option> <option value="neurosci" > NeuroSci </option> <option value="nitrogen" > Nitrogen </option> <option value="ncrna" > Non-Coding RNA (ncRNA) </option> <option value="nursrep" > Nursing Reports </option> <option value="nutraceuticals" > Nutraceuticals </option> <option value="nutrients" selected='selected'> Nutrients </option> <option value="obesities" > Obesities </option> <option value="oceans" > Oceans </option> <option value="onco" > Onco </option> <option value="optics" > Optics </option> <option value="oral" > Oral </option> <option value="organics" > Organics </option> <option value="organoids" > Organoids </option> <option value="osteology" > Osteology </option> <option value="oxygen" > Oxygen </option> <option value="parasitologia" > Parasitologia </option> <option value="particles" > Particles </option> <option value="pathogens" > Pathogens </option> <option value="pathophysiology" > Pathophysiology </option> <option value="pediatrrep" > Pediatric Reports </option> <option value="pets" > Pets </option> <option value="pharmaceuticals" > Pharmaceuticals </option> <option value="pharmaceutics" > Pharmaceutics </option> <option value="pharmacoepidemiology" > Pharmacoepidemiology </option> <option value="pharmacy" > Pharmacy </option> <option value="philosophies" 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<option value="toxins" > Toxins </option> <option value="transplantology" > Transplantology </option> <option value="traumacare" > Trauma Care </option> <option value="higheredu" > Trends in Higher Education </option> <option value="tropicalmed" > Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease (TropicalMed) </option> <option value="universe" > Universe </option> <option value="urbansci" > Urban Science </option> <option value="uro" > Uro </option> <option value="vaccines" > Vaccines </option> <option value="vehicles" > Vehicles </option> <option value="venereology" > Venereology </option> <option value="vetsci" > Veterinary Sciences </option> <option value="vibration" > Vibration </option> <option value="virtualworlds" > Virtual Worlds </option> <option value="viruses" > Viruses </option> <option value="vision" > Vision </option> <option value="waste" > Waste </option> <option value="water" > Water </option> <option value="wild" > Wild </option> <option value="wind" > Wind </option> <option 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return false;">Ok</a> </div> </div> <a class="close-reveal-modal" aria-label="Close"> <i class="material-icons">clear</i> </a> </div> </div> <div> <div style="clear: both"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1460413" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1460413" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1460413" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1460413" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2072-6643/16/16/2782/s1?version=1724218598"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 181 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 11 pages, 562 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/16/2782/pdf?version=1724218597" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="An Evaluation of the Nutritional and Promotional Profile of Commercial Foods for Infants and Toddlers in the United States" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label feature" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-feature" aria-expanded="false">Feature Paper</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/16/2782">An Evaluation of the Nutritional and Promotional Profile of Commercial Foods for Infants and Toddlers in the United States</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Daisy H. Coyle</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Maria Shahid</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Kiana Parkins</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Monica Hu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Marina Padovan</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Elizabeth K. Dunford</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(16), 2782; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16162782">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16162782</a> - 21 Aug 2024 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/16/16/2782#metrics">Cited by 1</a> | Viewed by 22370 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Despite growing concerns over the increasing popularity and health impact of commercial foods for infants and toddlers, no nutrition or promotional guidelines currently exist for the United States. In 2022, the WHO Regional Office for Europe published a nutrient and promotion profile model <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/16/2782/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Despite growing concerns over the increasing popularity and health impact of commercial foods for infants and toddlers, no nutrition or promotional guidelines currently exist for the United States. In 2022, the WHO Regional Office for Europe published a nutrient and promotion profile model (NPPM) to provide guidance and regulation for commercially produced infant and toddler foods. This study assessed the nutritional and promotional profile of infant and toddler foods (6–36 months of age) collected from the top 10 grocery chains in 2023. Products were assessed against the WHO NPPM nutritional and promotional requirements. The type and number of claims across packaging type were also assessed. Of the 651 products examined, 60% failed to meet the nutritional requirements of the NPPM, and 0% met the promotional requirements. Almost 100% of products had at least 1 claim on-pack that was prohibited under the NPPM, with some products displaying up to 11 prohibited claims. Snack-size packages had the lowest compliance with nutrient requirements. These findings highlight that urgent work is needed to improve the nutritional quality of commercially produced infant and toddler foods in the United States. The high use of prohibited claims also suggests the need to regulate the type and number of claims allowed on-pack. <a href="/2072-6643/16/16/2782">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Pediatric_Nutrition">Pediatric Nutrition</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/16/2782/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1460413"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1460413"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1460413" data-cycle-prev="#prev1460413" data-cycle-progressive="#images1460413" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1460413-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-02782/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-02782-g001-550.jpg?1724218692" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1460413" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1460413-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-02782/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-02782-g002-550.jpg?1724218696'><p>Figure 2</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1460413-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-02782/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-02782-g001-550.jpg?1724218692" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Frequency of claims use by type.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/16/2782'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-02782/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-02782-g002-550.jpg?1724218696" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Claims use by packing type.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/16/2782'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1439906" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1439906" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1439906" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1439906" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2072-6643/16/14/2369/s1?version=1721631938"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 908 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 13 pages, 1474 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/14/2369/pdf?version=1721631937" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Manuka Honey Inhibits Human Breast Cancer Progression in Preclinical Models" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/14/2369">Manuka Honey Inhibits Human Breast Cancer Progression in Preclinical Models</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Diana C. Márquez-Garbán</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Cristian D. Yanes</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Gabriela Llarena</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>David Elashoff</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Nalo Hamilton</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Mary Hardy</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Madhuri Wadehra</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Susan A. McCloskey</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Richard J. Pietras</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(14), 2369; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16142369">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16142369</a> - 22 Jul 2024 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/16/14/2369#metrics">Cited by 2</a> | Viewed by 19782 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Manuka honey (MH) exhibits potential antitumor activity in preclinical models of a number of human cancers. Treatment in vitro with MH at concentrations ranging from 0.3 to 5.0% (<i>w</i>/<i>v</i>) led to significant dose-dependent inhibition of proliferation of human breast <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/14/2369/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Manuka honey (MH) exhibits potential antitumor activity in preclinical models of a number of human cancers. Treatment in vitro with MH at concentrations ranging from 0.3 to 5.0% (<i>w</i>/<i>v</i>) led to significant dose-dependent inhibition of proliferation of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells, but anti-proliferative effects of MH were less pronounced in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Effects of MH were also tested on non-malignant human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs) at 2.5% <i>w</i>/<i>v</i>, and it was found that MH reduced the proliferation of MCF-7 cells but not that of HMECs. Notably, the antitumor activity of MH was in the range of that exerted by treatment of MCF-7 cells with the antiestrogen tamoxifen. Further, MH treatment stimulated apoptosis of MCF-7 cells in vitro, with most cells exhibiting acute and significant levels of apoptosis that correlated with PARP activation. Additionally, the effects of MH induced the activation of AMPK and inhibition of AKT/mTOR downstream signaling. Treatment of MCF7 cells with increased concentrations of MH induced AMPK phosphorylation in a dose-dependent manner that was accompanied by inhibition of phosphorylation of AKT and mTOR downstream effector protein S6. In addition, MH reduced phosphorylated STAT3 levels in vitro, which may correlate with MH and AMPK-mediated anti-inflammatory properties. Further, in vivo, MH administered alone significantly inhibited the growth of established MCF-7 tumors in nude mice by 84%, resulting in an observable reduction in tumor volume. Our findings highlight the need for further research into the use of natural compounds, such as MH, for antitumor efficacy and potential chemoprevention and investigation of molecular pathways underlying these actions. <a href="/2072-6643/16/14/2369">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Phytochemicals_Human_Health">Phytochemicals and Human Health</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/14/2369/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1439906"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1439906"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1439906" data-cycle-prev="#prev1439906" data-cycle-progressive="#images1439906" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1439906-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-02369/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-02369-g001-550.jpg?1721632088" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1439906" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1439906-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-02369/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-02369-g002-550.jpg?1721632089'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1439906-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-02369/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-02369-g003-550.jpg?1721632090'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1439906-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-02369/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-02369-g004-550.jpg?1721632091'><p>Figure 4</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1439906-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-02369/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-02369-g001-550.jpg?1721632088" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Manuka honey reduces the proliferation of ER-positive human breast cancer cells in vitro. ER-positive MCF-7 breast cancer cells and TNBC MDA-MB-231 cells were incubated in the presence of increasing concentrations of either (<b>A</b>) Manuka honey at 0.0 to 5.0% (<span class="html-italic">w</span>/<span class="html-italic">v</span>) or (<b>B</b>) Manuka powder at 0.0–16%. After 72 h, cell counts were performed using an MTS assay and by manual cell counts. The figures show tumor cell proliferation expressed as the mean percentage of vehicle-treated controls with SEM. Experiments were performed at least three times in independent experiments. (<b>C</b>) Manuka honey reduces the proliferation of MCF-7 cancer cells but not that of non-malignant mammary cells in vitro and enhances the antitumor action of the antiestrogen tamoxifen. Human MCF-7 tumor cells and non-malignant HMECs were cultured in vitro with 2.5% <span class="html-italic">w/v</span> Manuka honey (MH), 10 μM tamoxifen (TM), or both agents combined for 48 h. Cell proliferation was then quantitated and expressed as a percentage of that recorded in appropriate vehicle-treated controls. A higher 5% <span class="html-italic">w/v</span> MH concentration was also tested without a significant effect on HMEC proliferation. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05, ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01, *** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01, n &gt; 3.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/14/2369'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-02369/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-02369-g002-550.jpg?1721632089" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Induction of apoptosis of breast cancer cells by Manuka honey. (<b>A</b>) MCF-7 cells were treated with vehicle control (CON), 2.5% (<span class="html-italic">w</span>/<span class="html-italic">v</span>) (MH 2.5) or 5% (<span class="html-italic">w</span>/<span class="html-italic">v</span>) (MH 5.0) Manuka honey, camptothecin 1 μM (Cam), 5% (<span class="html-italic">w</span>/<span class="html-italic">v</span>) (Dex) dextrose, or 5% (<span class="html-italic">w</span>/<span class="html-italic">v</span>) (HMesq) Mesquite honey. After 24 and/or 48 h, cells were harvested and stained with Annexin V and 7-AAD to assess early and late apoptosis. Treatments with Manuka honey, particularly at 5.0% (<span class="html-italic">w</span>/<span class="html-italic">v</span>), elicited significant increments in apoptotic cells as compared to controls (* <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05). Camptothecin, a positive control drug, elicited a similar increase in late apoptotic cells after 48 h, while treatment of MCF-7 cells with dextrose or Mesquite honey did not exhibit comparable increments in the numbers of apoptotic cells. (<b>B</b>) Treatment of MCF-7 cells with Manuka honey elicits increased poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage. Cells were treated in vitro for 48 h with either control vehicle or Manuka honey at 0.6, 2.5, or 5.0% (<span class="html-italic">w</span>/<span class="html-italic">v</span>). Camptothecin was also used as a positive control.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/14/2369'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-02369/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-02369-g003-550.jpg?1721632090" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Manuka honey activates AMPK signaling and inhibits mTOR and STAT3 downstream signaling. (<b>A</b>) MCF7 cells were treated with increasing concentrations of Manuka honey (0–5%) and 5% Mesquite honey as control. After 24 h, cells were lysed and immunoblotted with specific antibodies. (<b>B</b>) MCF7 cells were treated with increasing concentrations of Manuka honey 0.3–5% (<span class="html-italic">w</span>/<span class="html-italic">v</span>). After 24 h, cells were lysed, and whole cell extracts were resolved by PAGE and immunoblotted with specific antibodies.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/14/2369'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-02369/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-02369-g004-550.jpg?1721632091" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Antitumor activity of Manuka honey in human breast cancer xenografts in vivo. Ovariectomized nude mice (nu<sup>−</sup>/nu<sup>−</sup>, Charles Rivers) with estradiol supplements were implanted with MCF-7 tumor xenografts SQ and treated with Manuka honey or control administered by oral gavage after tumors achieved a size of 50–75 cm<sup>3</sup>. Oral gavage (0.1 mL volume) with 50% (<span class="html-italic">w</span>/<span class="html-italic">v</span>) Manuka honey or control was performed twice daily from days 1 to 14, then once daily thereafter to day 42. Treatment with Manuka honey administered orally elicited a significant suppression of MCF-7 xenograft progression as compared to controls (** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01) n = 5–7 mice per group.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/14/2369'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1437441" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1437441" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1437441" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1437441" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2072-6643/16/14/2305/s1?version=1721281171"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 81 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 15 pages, 2042 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/14/2305/pdf?version=1721281170" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Daily Vinegar Ingestion Improves Depression and Enhances Niacin Metabolism in Overweight Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/14/2305">Daily Vinegar Ingestion Improves Depression and Enhances Niacin Metabolism in Overweight Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Haley Barrong</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Hannah Coven</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Alexandra Lish</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Samantha N. Fessler</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Paniz Jasbi</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Carol S. Johnston</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(14), 2305; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16142305">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16142305</a> - 18 Jul 2024 </div> Viewed by 20199 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Depressive disorders are the most prevalent mental health conditions in the world. The commonly prescribed antidepressant medications can have serious side effects, and their efficacy varies widely. Thus, simple, effective adjunct therapies are needed. Vinegar, a fermented acetic acid solution, is emerging as <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/14/2305/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Depressive disorders are the most prevalent mental health conditions in the world. The commonly prescribed antidepressant medications can have serious side effects, and their efficacy varies widely. Thus, simple, effective adjunct therapies are needed. Vinegar, a fermented acetic acid solution, is emerging as a healthful dietary supplement linked to favorable outcomes for blood glucose management, heart disease risk, and adiposity reduction, and a recent report suggests vinegar may improve symptoms of depression. This randomized controlled study examined the 4-week change in scores for the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) questionnaire and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) in healthy overweight adults ingesting 2.95 g acetic acid (4 tablespoons vinegar) vs. 0.025 g acetic acid (one vinegar pill) daily. A secondary objective explored possible underlying mechanisms using metabolomics analyses. At week 4, mean CES-D scores fell 26% and 5% for VIN and CON participants respectively, a non-significant difference between groups, and mean PHQ-9 scores fell 42% and 18% for VIN and CON participants (<i>p</i> = 0.036). Metabolomics analyses revealed increased nicotinamide concentrations and upregulation of the NAD+ salvage pathway for VIN participants compared to controls, metabolic alterations previously linked to improved mood. Thus, daily vinegar ingestion over four weeks improved self-reported depression symptomology in healthy overweight adults, and enhancements in niacin metabolism may factor into this improvement. <a href="/2072-6643/16/14/2305">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/64E0179UZB ">Nutrition, Metabolites, and Human Health — 2nd Edition</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/14/2305/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1437441"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1437441"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1437441" data-cycle-prev="#prev1437441" data-cycle-progressive="#images1437441" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1437441-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-02305/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-02305-g001-550.jpg?1721281268" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1437441" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1437441-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-02305/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-02305-g002-550.jpg?1721281270'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1437441-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-02305/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-02305-g003-550.jpg?1721281273'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1437441-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-02305/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-02305-g004-550.jpg?1721281275'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1437441-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-02305/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-02305-g005-550.jpg?1721281276'><p>Figure 5</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1437441-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-02305/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-02305-g001-550.jpg?1721281268" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Consort Flowchart.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/14/2305'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-02305/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-02305-g002-550.jpg?1721281270" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Boxplots for metabolites with significant group x time interactions between VIN and CON participants: isobutyric acid, niacinamide, and L-isoleucine.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/14/2305'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-02305/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-02305-g003-550.jpg?1721281273" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Metabolic pathway enrichment map: the horizontal coordinate is the enrichment significance <span class="html-italic">p</span>-value and the vertical coordinate is the KEGG pathway. Displayed are the 25 most important enzymatic pathways differentiating between groups, with colored side bar displaying the relative metabolite concentration in each group. Data analyzed between groups after calculating T2/T1 (post/pre). The first nine pathways listed had significant predicted changes (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/14/2305'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-02305/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-02305-g004-550.jpg?1721281275" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>(<b>A</b>) PLS-DA Score Plot of Pathway Enrichment Analysis performed using all surveyed metabolites mapped to canonical KEGG pathways. Dots represent change in metabolic activity between groups across time points; size of dot represents the size of the pathway; darker colors (ranging from white to dark red) represent higher hits. (<b>B</b>) KEGG IDs referenced in pathway diagram. Key metabolite names are noted. Highlighted boxes represent up-regulated compounds. NAD+ salvage pathway noted with green arrows.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/14/2305'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-02305/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-02305-g005-550.jpg?1721281276" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Acetate induced AMPK signaling to promote NAD+ cycling to nicotinamide. Activation of the SIRTS and PARPs occurs which function in mitochondrial energetics and neuronal protection.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/14/2305'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1383706" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1383706" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1383706" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1383706" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2072-6643/16/9/1300/s1?version=1714132600"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 691 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 14 pages, 1374 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/9/1300/pdf?version=1714384892" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Impact of Synbiotic Intake on Liver Metabolism in Metabolically Healthy Participants and Its Potential Preventive Effect on Metabolic-Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD): A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blinded Clinical Trial" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/9/1300">Impact of Synbiotic Intake on Liver Metabolism in Metabolically Healthy Participants and Its Potential Preventive Effect on Metabolic-Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD): A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blinded Clinical Trial</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Aakash Mantri</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Anika Köhlmoos</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Daniela Stephanie Schelski</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Waldemar Seel</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Birgit Stoffel-Wagner</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Peter Krawitz</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Peter Stehle</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jens Juul Holst</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Bernd Weber</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Leonie Koban</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Hilke Plassmann</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Marie-Christine Simon</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(9), 1300; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16091300">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16091300</a> - 26 Apr 2024 </div> Viewed by 28496 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Synbiotics modulate the gut microbiome and contribute to the prevention of liver diseases such as metabolic-dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded seven-week intervention trial on the liver metabolism in 117 metabolically healthy <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/9/1300/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Synbiotics modulate the gut microbiome and contribute to the prevention of liver diseases such as metabolic-dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded seven-week intervention trial on the liver metabolism in 117 metabolically healthy male participants. Anthropometric data, blood parameters, and stool samples were analyzed using linear mixed models. After seven weeks of intervention, there was a significant reduction in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the synbiotic group compared to the placebo group (−14.92%, CI: −26.60–−3.23%, <i>p</i> = 0.013). A stratified analysis according to body fat percentage revealed a significant decrease in ALT (−20.70%, CI: −40.88–−0.53%, <i>p</i> = 0.045) in participants with an elevated body fat percentage. Further, a significant change in microbiome composition (1.16, CI: 0.06–2.25, <i>p</i> = 0.039) in this group was found, while the microbial composition remained stable upon intervention in the group with physiological body fat. The 7-week synbiotic intervention reduced ALT levels, especially in participants with an elevated body fat percentage, possibly due to modulation of the gut microbiome. Synbiotic intake may be helpful in delaying the progression of MAFLD and could be used in addition to the recommended lifestyle modification therapy. <a href="/2072-6643/16/9/1300">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/R9I1HO7MUW ">Effects of Prebiotics, Probiotics on Dysbiosis of Gut Microbiota and Gut Health</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/9/1300/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1383706"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1383706"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1383706" data-cycle-prev="#prev1383706" data-cycle-progressive="#images1383706" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1383706-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-01300/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-01300-g001-550.jpg?1714384973" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1383706" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1383706-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-01300/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-01300-g002-550.jpg?1714384978'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1383706-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-01300/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-01300-g003-550.jpg?1714384984'><p>Figure 3</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1383706-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-01300/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-01300-g001-550.jpg?1714384973" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Intervention effects on ALT. (<b>A</b>) Box-plot showing relative change in ALT (%) in each intervention group. (<b>B</b>) Intervention effects on ALT stratified by body fat. Box-plot showing relative change in ALT (%) in each intervention group. Significance of effect on ALT is determined by linear mixed model. *: significant (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05); n.s.: non-significant (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &gt; 0.05).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/9/1300'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-01300/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-01300-g002-550.jpg?1714384978" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>(<b>A</b>) Estimate plots from analyses of change in gut microbiome composition. Data analyzed using linear mixed model. (<b>B</b>) Relative taxonomy abundance at genus level (prevalence: 0.60, detection threshold: 0.01) in each group/time-point. (<b>C</b>) Significant changes in taxonomy abundances.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/9/1300'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-01300/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-01300-g003-550.jpg?1714384984" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Estimate plots from analyses of changes in gut microbiome composition in (<b>A</b>) physiological body fat percentage group and (<b>B</b>) elevated body fat percentage group. Data analyzed using linear mixed model. Relative taxonomy abundance at genus level (prevalence: 0.60, detection threshold: 0.01) in each group/time-point in (<b>C</b>) physiology and (<b>D</b>) elevated body fat group. Significant changes in the taxonomy abundance in (<b>E</b>) physiology and (<b>F</b>) elevated body fat group. *: significant (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/9/1300'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1361117" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 26 pages, 778 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/6/906/pdf?version=1711013901" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Targeting the Hallmarks of Aging with Vitamin D: Starting to Decode the Myth" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/6/906">Targeting the Hallmarks of Aging with Vitamin D: Starting to Decode the Myth</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Carmelinda Ruggiero</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Laura Tafaro</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Luisella Cianferotti</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Flavia Tramontana</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ilaria Giovanna Macchione</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Carla Caffarelli</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Agostino Virdis</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Marika Ferracci</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Giuseppe Rinonapoli</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Patrizia Mecocci</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Nicola Napoli</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Valeria Calsolaro</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(6), 906; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16060906">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16060906</a> - 21 Mar 2024 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/16/6/906#metrics">Cited by 4</a> | Viewed by 22401 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Aging is the result of several complex and multifactorial processes, where several agents contribute to an increased intrinsic vulnerability and susceptibility to age-related diseases. The hallmarks of aging are a set of biological mechanisms that are finely regulated and strictly interconnected, initiating or <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/6/906/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Aging is the result of several complex and multifactorial processes, where several agents contribute to an increased intrinsic vulnerability and susceptibility to age-related diseases. The hallmarks of aging are a set of biological mechanisms that are finely regulated and strictly interconnected, initiating or contributing to biological changes and anticipating several age-related diseases. The complex network of cellular and intercellular connections between the hallmarks might represent a possible target for the research of agents with pleiotropic effects. Vitamin D (VitD) is known to have a positive impact not only on muscle and bone health but also on several extra-skeletal districts, due to the widespread presence of Vitamin D Receptors (VDRs). VitD and VDR could be molecules potentially targeting the hallmarks of the aging network. To date, evidence about the potential effects of VitD on the hallmarks of aging is scarce in humans and mainly based on preclinical models. Although underpowered and heterogeneous, in-human studies seem to confirm the modulatory effect of VitD on some hallmarks of aging and diseases. However, more investigations are needed to clarify the pleiotropic effects of VitD and its impact on the hallmark of aging, hopefully highlighting the courses for translational applications and potential clinical conclusions. <a href="/2072-6643/16/6/906">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/2638CC95TL ">Calcium, Vitamin D and Aging in Humans</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/6/906/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1361117-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00906/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00906-g001-550.jpg?1711014003" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div></div></div><div id="article-1361117-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00906/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00906-g001-550.jpg?1711014003" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Pre-clinical data supporting the relationship between diseases and hallmarks of aging on the left, and available clinical evidence about the potential impact of Vitamin D on the hallmarks of aging, on the right. Legend: the thickness of the arrows is representative of the amount of available evidence.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/6/906'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1352617" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1352617" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1352617" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1352617" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2072-6643/16/6/756/s1?version=1709782556"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 1222 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 44 pages, 6606 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/6/756/pdf?version=1709887534" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Effect of Aromatic Herbs and Spices Present in the Mediterranean Diet on the Glycemic Profile in Type 2 Diabetes Subjects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Systematic Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/6/756">Effect of Aromatic Herbs and Spices Present in the Mediterranean Diet on the Glycemic Profile in Type 2 Diabetes Subjects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>María Carmen Garza</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sofía Pérez-Calahorra</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Carmen Rodrigo-Carbó</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>María Antonia Sánchez-Calavera</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Estíbaliz Jarauta</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Rocío Mateo-Gallego</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Irene Gracia-Rubio</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Itziar Lamiquiz-Moneo</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(6), 756; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16060756">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16060756</a> - 7 Mar 2024 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/16/6/756#metrics">Cited by 3</a> | Viewed by 22645 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Background: The Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) is the dietary pattern par excellence for managing and preventing metabolic diseases, such as Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM). The MedDiet incorporates spices and aromatic herbs, which are abundant sources of bioactive compounds. The aim of this study was <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/6/756/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Background: The Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) is the dietary pattern par excellence for managing and preventing metabolic diseases, such as Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM). The MedDiet incorporates spices and aromatic herbs, which are abundant sources of bioactive compounds. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of all aromatic herbs and spices included in the MedDiet, such as black cumin, clove, parsley, saffron, thyme, ginger, black pepper, rosemary, turmeric, basil, oregano, and cinnamon, on the glycemic profile in T2DM subjects. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched for interventional studies investigating the effect of these aromatic herbs and spices on the glycemic profile in T2DM subjects. Results: This systematic review retrieved 6958 studies, of which 77 were included in the qualitative synthesis and 45 were included in the meta-analysis. Our results showed that cinnamon, turmeric, ginger, black cumin, and saffron significantly improved the fasting glucose levels in T2DM subjects. The most significant decreases in fasting glucose were achieved after supplementation with black cumin, followed by cinnamon and ginger, which achieved a decrease of between 27 and 17 mg/dL. Conclusions: Only ginger and black cumin reported a significant improvement in glycated hemoglobin, and only cinnamon and ginger showed a significant decrease in insulin. <a href="/2072-6643/16/6/756">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/QA17USD102 ">Dietary and Behavioral Interventions for Diabetes</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/6/756/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1352617"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1352617"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1352617" data-cycle-prev="#prev1352617" data-cycle-progressive="#images1352617" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1352617-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-g001-550.jpg?1709887651" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1352617" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1352617-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-g002-550.jpg?1709887654'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1352617-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-g003-550.jpg?1709887656'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1352617-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-g004-550.jpg?1709887658'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1352617-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-g005-550.jpg?1709887661'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1352617-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-g006-550.jpg?1709887665'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1352617-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-g007-550.jpg?1709887667'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1352617-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-g008-550.jpg?1709887670'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1352617-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-g009-550.jpg?1709887672'><p>Figure 9</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1352617-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-g001-550.jpg?1709887651" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Flow chart.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/6/756'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-g002-550.jpg?1709887654" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Forest plot showing the effects of cinnamon on fasting glucose (<b>A</b>) and HbA1c (<b>B</b>). <span class="html-fig-inline" id="nutrients-16-00756-i001"><img alt="Nutrients 16 00756 i001" src="/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-i001.png"/></span> Indicated results of fixed effect model, <span class="html-fig-inline" id="nutrients-16-00756-i002"><img alt="Nutrients 16 00756 i002" src="/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-i002.png"/></span> indicated results of random effects models and <span class="html-fig-inline" id="nutrients-16-00756-i003"><img alt="Nutrients 16 00756 i003" src="/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-i003.png"/></span> indicated prediction interval of predictive value.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/6/756'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-g003-550.jpg?1709887656" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Forest plot showing the effects of curcumin on fasting glucose (<b>A</b>) and HbA1c (<b>B</b>). <span class="html-fig-inline" id="nutrients-16-00756-i001"><img alt="Nutrients 16 00756 i001" src="/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-i001.png"/></span> Indicated results of fixed effect model, <span class="html-fig-inline" id="nutrients-16-00756-i002"><img alt="Nutrients 16 00756 i002" src="/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-i002.png"/></span> indicated results of random effects models and <span class="html-fig-inline" id="nutrients-16-00756-i003"><img alt="Nutrients 16 00756 i003" src="/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-i003.png"/></span> indicated prediction interval of predictive value.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/6/756'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-g004-550.jpg?1709887658" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Forest plot showing the effects of ginger on fasting glucose (<b>A</b>) and HbA1c (<b>B</b>). <span class="html-fig-inline" id="nutrients-16-00756-i001"><img alt="Nutrients 16 00756 i001" src="/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-i001.png"/></span> Indicated results of fixed effect model, <span class="html-fig-inline" id="nutrients-16-00756-i002"><img alt="Nutrients 16 00756 i002" src="/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-i002.png"/></span> indicated results of random effects models and <span class="html-fig-inline" id="nutrients-16-00756-i003"><img alt="Nutrients 16 00756 i003" src="/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-i003.png"/></span> indicated prediction interval of predictive value.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/6/756'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-g005-550.jpg?1709887661" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Forest plot showing the effects of black cumin on fasting glucose (<b>A</b>) and HbA1c (<b>B</b>). <span class="html-fig-inline" id="nutrients-16-00756-i001"><img alt="Nutrients 16 00756 i001" src="/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-i001.png"/></span> Indicated results of fixed effect model, <span class="html-fig-inline" id="nutrients-16-00756-i002"><img alt="Nutrients 16 00756 i002" src="/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-i002.png"/></span> indicated results of random effects models and <span class="html-fig-inline" id="nutrients-16-00756-i003"><img alt="Nutrients 16 00756 i003" src="/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-i003.png"/></span> indicated prediction interval of predictive value.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/6/756'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-g006-550.jpg?1709887665" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Forest plot showing the effects of saffron on fasting glucose (<b>A</b>) and HbA1c (<b>B</b>). <span class="html-fig-inline" id="nutrients-16-00756-i001"><img alt="Nutrients 16 00756 i001" src="/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-i001.png"/></span> Indicated results of fixed effect model, <span class="html-fig-inline" id="nutrients-16-00756-i002"><img alt="Nutrients 16 00756 i002" src="/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-i002.png"/></span> indicated results of random effects models and <span class="html-fig-inline" id="nutrients-16-00756-i003"><img alt="Nutrients 16 00756 i003" src="/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-i003.png"/></span> indicated prediction interval of predictive value.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/6/756'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-g007-550.jpg?1709887667" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>Forest plot of insulin after cinnamon or curcumin supplementation. <span class="html-fig-inline" id="nutrients-16-00756-i001"><img alt="Nutrients 16 00756 i001" src="/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-i001.png"/></span> Indicated results of fixed effect model, <span class="html-fig-inline" id="nutrients-16-00756-i002"><img alt="Nutrients 16 00756 i002" src="/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-i002.png"/></span> indicated results of random effects models and <span class="html-fig-inline" id="nutrients-16-00756-i003"><img alt="Nutrients 16 00756 i003" src="/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-i003.png"/></span> indicated prediction interval of predictive value.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/6/756'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-g008-550.jpg?1709887670" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>Forest plot of insulin after ginger or black cumin supplementation. <span class="html-fig-inline" id="nutrients-16-00756-i001"><img alt="Nutrients 16 00756 i001" src="/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-i001.png"/></span> Indicated results of fixed effect model, <span class="html-fig-inline" id="nutrients-16-00756-i002"><img alt="Nutrients 16 00756 i002" src="/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-i002.png"/></span> indicated results of random effects models and <span class="html-fig-inline" id="nutrients-16-00756-i003"><img alt="Nutrients 16 00756 i003" src="/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-i003.png"/></span> indicated prediction interval of predictive value.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/6/756'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-g009-550.jpg?1709887672" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>Forest plot of insulin after saffron supplementation. <span class="html-fig-inline" id="nutrients-16-00756-i001"><img alt="Nutrients 16 00756 i001" src="/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-i001.png"/></span> Indicated results of fixed effect model, <span class="html-fig-inline" id="nutrients-16-00756-i002"><img alt="Nutrients 16 00756 i002" src="/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-i002.png"/></span> indicated results of random effects models and <span class="html-fig-inline" id="nutrients-16-00756-i003"><img alt="Nutrients 16 00756 i003" src="/nutrients/nutrients-16-00756/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00756-i003.png"/></span> indicated prediction interval of predictive value.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/6/756'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1352888" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 20 pages, 1262 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/6/766/pdf?version=1709802199" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="The Effect of Creatine Nitrate and Caffeine Individually or Combined on Exercise Performance and Cognitive Function: A Randomized, Crossover, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/6/766">The Effect of Creatine Nitrate and Caffeine Individually or Combined on Exercise Performance and Cognitive Function: A Randomized, Crossover, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Gina Mabrey</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Majid S. Koozehchian</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Andrew T. Newton</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Alireza Naderi</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Scott C. Forbes</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Monoem Haddad</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(6), 766; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16060766">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16060766</a> - 7 Mar 2024 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/16/6/766#metrics">Cited by 3</a> | Viewed by 19475 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> This study examined the effect of creatine nitrate and caffeine alone and combined on exercise performance and cognitive function in resistance-trained athletes. In a double-blind, randomized crossover trial, twelve resistance-trained male athletes were supplemented with 7 days of creatine nitrate (5 g/day), caffeine <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/6/766/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> This study examined the effect of creatine nitrate and caffeine alone and combined on exercise performance and cognitive function in resistance-trained athletes. In a double-blind, randomized crossover trial, twelve resistance-trained male athletes were supplemented with 7 days of creatine nitrate (5 g/day), caffeine (400 mg/day), and a combination of creatine nitrate and caffeine. The study involved twelve resistance-trained male athletes who initially provided a blood sample for comprehensive safety analysis, including tests for key enzymes and a lipid profile, and then performed standardized resistance exercises—bench and leg press at 70% 1RM—and a Wingate anaerobic power test. Cognitive function and cardiovascular responses were also examined forty-five minutes after supplementation. Creatine nitrate and caffeine that were co-ingested significantly enhanced cognitive function, as indicated by improved scores in the Stroop Word–Color Interference test (<i>p</i> = 0.04; effect size = 0.163). Co-ingestion was more effective than caffeine alone in enhancing cognitive performance. In contrast, no significant enhancements in exercise performance were observed. The co-ingestion of creatine nitrate and caffeine improved cognitive function, particularly in cognitive interference tasks, without altering short-term exercise performance. Furthermore, no adverse events were reported. Overall, the co-ingestion of creatine nitrate and caffeine appears to enhance cognition without any reported side effects for up to seven days. <a href="/2072-6643/16/6/766">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/25KQH3XK1O ">Dietary Supplements and Physical Activity</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/6/766/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1352888"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1352888"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1352888" data-cycle-prev="#prev1352888" data-cycle-progressive="#images1352888" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1352888-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00766/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00766-g001-550.jpg?1709802329" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1352888" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1352888-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00766/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00766-g002-550.jpg?1709802331'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1352888-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00766/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00766-g003-550.jpg?1709802332'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1352888-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00766/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00766-g004-550.jpg?1709802333'><p>Figure 4</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1352888-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00766/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00766-g001-550.jpg?1709802329" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Diagram depicting the consolidated standards for reporting trials in the study.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/6/766'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00766/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00766-g002-550.jpg?1709802331" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Study process overview. Panel (<b>A</b>) illustrates the study’s timeline, detailing the familiarization period followed by four treatment phases, each separated by a washout period of one week. Panel (<b>B</b>) provides a detailed sequence of assessment and intervention activities conducted during each treatment phase.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/6/766'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00766/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00766-g003-550.jpg?1709802332" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>The mean change (with a 95% confidence interval) in the number of bench press repetitions to failure at 70% of 1RM from the initial measurement. Statistically significant findings (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05) are indicated by confidence intervals that do not cross zero. * denotes a significant difference (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05) compared to the baseline. We use the following notation to indicate statistical differences between treatments: (a) a significant difference compared to PL (<span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.04).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/6/766'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00766/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00766-g004-550.jpg?1709802333" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>The graph illustrates the mean change (95% CI) from baseline to follow-up for the Stroop test-related treatment. Statistically significant findings (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05) are indicated by confidence intervals that do not cross zero. * denotes a significant difference (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05) compared to the baseline. Statistical significance is shown as follows: (a) significant difference compared to CAF (<span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.04).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/6/766'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1336479" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 28 pages, 28736 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/4/496/pdf?version=1707465878" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Magnesium and the Hallmarks of Aging" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/4/496">Magnesium and the Hallmarks of Aging</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ligia J. Dominguez</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Nicola Veronese</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Mario Barbagallo</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(4), 496; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16040496">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16040496</a> - 9 Feb 2024 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/16/4/496#metrics">Cited by 8</a> | Viewed by 16610 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Magnesium is an essential ion in the human body that regulates numerous physiological and pathological processes. Magnesium deficiency is very common in old age. Age-related chronic diseases and the aging process itself are frequently associated with low-grade chronic inflammation, called ‘inflammaging’. Because chronic <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/4/496/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Magnesium is an essential ion in the human body that regulates numerous physiological and pathological processes. Magnesium deficiency is very common in old age. Age-related chronic diseases and the aging process itself are frequently associated with low-grade chronic inflammation, called ‘inflammaging’. Because chronic magnesium insufficiency has been linked to excessive generation of inflammatory markers and free radicals, inducing a chronic inflammatory state, we formerly hypothesized that magnesium inadequacy may be considered among the intermediaries helping us explain the link between inflammaging and aging-associated diseases. We show in this review evidence of the relationship of magnesium with all the hallmarks of aging (genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, deregulated nutrient sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, altered intercellular communication, disabled autophagy, dysbiosis, and chronic inflammation), which may positively affect the human healthspan. It is feasible to hypothesize that maintaining an optimal balance of magnesium during one’s life course may turn out to be a safe and economical strategy contributing to the promotion of healthy aging. Future well-designed studies are necessary to further explore this hypothesis. <a href="/2072-6643/16/4/496">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Geriatric_Nutrition">Geriatric Nutrition</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/4/496/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1336479"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1336479"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1336479" data-cycle-prev="#prev1336479" data-cycle-progressive="#images1336479" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1336479-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00496/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00496-g001-550.jpg?1707465978" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1336479" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1336479-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00496/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00496-g002-550.jpg?1707465980'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1336479-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00496/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00496-g003-550.jpg?1707465982'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1336479-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00496/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00496-g004-550.jpg?1707465983'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1336479-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00496/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00496-g005-550.jpg?1707465985'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1336479-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00496/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00496-g006-550.jpg?1707465987'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1336479-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00496/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00496-g007-550.jpg?1707465989'><p>Figure 7</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1336479-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00496/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00496-g001-550.jpg?1707465978" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Chemical structure of the magnesium ion and of MgATP. (<b>a</b>) Chemical characteristics of magnesium; (<b>b</b>) the Fourier transform <sup>31</sup>P NMR spectrum of ATP demonstrates well-defined α, β, and γ-phosphoryl-group resonances of ATP. Their chemical shifts depend on the state of ATP complex formation with the magnesium ion, allowing the estimation of free magnesium [<a href="#B15-nutrients-16-00496" class="html-bibr">15</a>]; (<b>c</b>) scheme of the tight relationship of ATP with magnesium ion.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/4/496'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00496/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00496-g002-550.jpg?1707465980" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Distribution of magnesium in the body.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/4/496'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00496/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00496-g003-550.jpg?1707465982" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Main dietary sources of magnesium and factors that increase or decrease its bioavailability.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/4/496'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00496/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00496-g004-550.jpg?1707465983" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Involvement of magnesium in several cellular processes.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/4/496'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00496/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00496-g005-550.jpg?1707465985" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Low magnesium status is associated with all the hallmarks of aging (yellow). Examples of age-related diseases connected with the hallmarks of aging are shown in blue. AD: Alzheimer’s disease; CMS: cardiometabolic syndrome; CVD: cardiovascular disease; and T2D: type 2 diabetes.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/4/496'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00496/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00496-g006-550.jpg?1707465987" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Magnesium influences all insulin signaling intracellular pathways as a cofactor of the enzymatic systems involved; hence, it modulates the effects on glucose metabolism and protein and DNA synthesis.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/4/496'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00496/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00496-g007-550.jpg?1707465989" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>Magnesium deficiency induces inflammation through several signaling pathways. NF-<span class="html-small-caps">k</span>B: nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells; NMDA: N-methyl-D-aspartate; and SASP: senescence-associated secretory phenotype.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/4/496'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1330243" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1330243" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1330243" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1330243" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2072-6643/16/3/419/s1?version=1706690063"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 1373 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 22 pages, 1745 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/3/419/pdf?version=1706775495" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Twelve Weeks of Daily Lentil Consumption Improves Fasting Cholesterol and Postprandial Glucose and Inflammatory Responses—A Randomized Clinical Trial" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/3/419">Twelve Weeks of Daily Lentil Consumption Improves Fasting Cholesterol and Postprandial Glucose and Inflammatory Responses—A Randomized Clinical Trial</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Morgan L. Chamberlin</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Stephanie M.G. Wilson</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Marcy E. Gaston</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Wan-Yuan Kuo</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Mary P. Miles</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(3), 419; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16030419">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16030419</a> - 31 Jan 2024 </div> Viewed by 8247 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Lentils have potential to improve metabolic health but there are limited randomized clinical trials evaluating their comprehensive impact on metabolism. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of lentil-based vs. meat-based meals on fasting and postprandial measures of glucose and <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/3/419/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Lentils have potential to improve metabolic health but there are limited randomized clinical trials evaluating their comprehensive impact on metabolism. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of lentil-based vs. meat-based meals on fasting and postprandial measures of glucose and lipid metabolism and inflammation. Thirty-eight adults with an increased waist circumference (male ≥ 40 inches and female ≥ 35 inches) participated in a 12-week dietary intervention that included seven prepared midday meals totaling either 980 g (LEN) or 0 g (CON) of cooked green lentils per week. Linear models were used to assess changes in fasting and postprandial markers from pre- to post-intervention by meal group. Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms were assessed through a survey randomly delivered once per week during the intervention. We found that regular consumption of lentils lowered fasting LDL (F = 5.53, <i>p</i> = 0.02) and total cholesterol levels (F = 8.64, <i>p</i> < 0.01) as well as postprandial glucose (β = −0.99, <i>p</i> = 0.01), IL-17 (β = −0.68, <i>p</i> = 0.04), and IL-1β (β = −0.70, <i>p</i> = 0.03) responses. GI symptoms were not different by meal group and all symptoms were reported as “none” or “mild” for the duration of the intervention. Our results suggest that daily lentil consumption may be helpful in lowering cholesterol and postprandial glycemic and inflammatory responses without causing GI stress. This information further informs the development of pulse-based dietary strategies to lower disease risk and to slow or reverse metabolic disease progression in at-risk populations. <a href="/2072-6643/16/3/419">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/5J42MF070G ">Exercise and Nutrition Strategies to Counteract Inflammation and Obesity</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/3/419/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1330243"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1330243"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1330243" data-cycle-prev="#prev1330243" data-cycle-progressive="#images1330243" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1330243-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00419/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00419-g001-550.jpg?1706775564" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1330243" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1330243-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00419/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00419-g002-550.jpg?1706775566'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1330243-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00419/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00419-g003-550.jpg?1706775567'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1330243-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00419/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00419-g004-550.jpg?1706775568'><p>Figure 4</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1330243-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00419/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00419-g001-550.jpg?1706775564" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>A CONSORT flowchart of the study design and enrollment. Flyers and emails were used to recruit interested individuals. Interested individuals contacted the research team, who sent additional information about this study. Two hundred and ninety individuals completed an initial eligibility screening with the research team. Forty-seven individuals met study requirements and were randomly allocated to CON or LEN experimental groups with varying weekly doses of lentils: CON, control (0 g/week) and LEN, lentil (980 g/week).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/3/419'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00419/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00419-g002-550.jpg?1706775566" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Summary plots of individual changes (post-intervention–pre-intervention) in triglyceride area under the curve (dTG<sub>AUC</sub>). dTG<sub>AUC</sub> values represent the change in the sum of values from fasting and hourly timepoints for 5 h post high-fat meal ingestion. Each bar is representative of the value for one participant (n = 38). Difference in dTG<sub>AUC</sub> between meal groups determined with ANOVA and displayed in inset. CON, control and LEN, lentil.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/3/419'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00419/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00419-g003-550.jpg?1706775567" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Summary plots of individual changes (post-intervention–pre-intervention) in glucose area under the curve (dGLU<sub>AUC</sub>). dGLU<sub>AUC</sub> values represent the change in the sum of values from fasting and hourly timepoints for 5 h post high-fat meal ingestion. Each bar is representative of the value for one participant (n = 38). Difference in dGLU<sub>AUC</sub> between meal groups determined with ANOVA and displayed in inset. CON, control and LEN, lentil.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/3/419'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00419/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00419-g004-550.jpg?1706775568" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Main effect plot for meal group from (<b>A</b>) IL−17<sub>AUC</sub> and (<b>B</b>) IL−1β<sub>AUC</sub> linear models. Points indicate the average change in each marker as determined with the general linear model, and bars indicate 95% confidence intervals. Y-axis represents transformed values for each marker: orderNorm (IL−17<sub>AUC</sub>) and double reverse log (IL−1β<sub>AUC</sub>). β coefficient and <span class="html-italic">p</span>-value for LEN meal from model displayed in upper right corner. IL−1β, Interleukin 1 beta; IL−17, Interleukin 17; CON, control; and LEN, lentil.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/3/419'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1329217" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 12 pages, 2149 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/3/398/pdf?version=1706590199" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Vitamin D and Aging: Central Role of Immunocompetence" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/3/398">Vitamin D and Aging: Central Role of Immunocompetence</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Carsten Carlberg</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Eunike Velleuer</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(3), 398; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16030398">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16030398</a> - 30 Jan 2024 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/16/3/398#metrics">Cited by 6</a> | Viewed by 5806 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> The pro-hormone vitamin D<sub>3</sub> is an important modulator of both innate and adaptive immunity since its biologically active metabolite 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> (1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>) regulates via the transcription factor VDR (vitamin D receptor) the epigenome and transcriptome of human <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/3/398/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> The pro-hormone vitamin D<sub>3</sub> is an important modulator of both innate and adaptive immunity since its biologically active metabolite 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> (1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>) regulates via the transcription factor VDR (vitamin D receptor) the epigenome and transcriptome of human immune cells and controls in this way the expression of hundreds of vitamin D target genes. Since the myeloid linage of hematopoiesis is epigenetically programmed by VDR in concert with the pioneer factors PU.1 (purine-rich box 1) and CEBPα (CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α), monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells are the most vitamin D-sensitive immune cell types. The central role of the immune system in various aging-related diseases suggests that immunocompetence describes not only the ability of an individual to resist pathogens and parasites but also to contest non-communicative diseases and the process of aging itself. In this review, we argue that the individual-specific responsiveness to vitamin D relates to a person’s immunocompetence via the epigenetic programming function of VDR and its ligand 1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> during hematopoiesis as well as in the periphery. This may provide a mechanism explaining how vitamin D protects against major common diseases and, in parallel, promotes healthy aging. <a href="/2072-6643/16/3/398">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Nutrigenetics_Nutrigenomics">Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/3/398/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1329217"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1329217"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1329217" data-cycle-prev="#prev1329217" data-cycle-progressive="#images1329217" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1329217-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00398/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00398-g001-550.jpg?1706590263" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1329217" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1329217-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00398/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00398-g002-550.jpg?1706590265'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1329217-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00398/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00398-g003-550.jpg?1706590267'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1329217-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00398/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00398-g004-550.jpg?1706590269'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1329217-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00398/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00398-g005-550.jpg?1706590270'><p>Figure 5</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1329217-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00398/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00398-g001-550.jpg?1706590263" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Principles of vitamin D signaling. The biologically most active vitamin D<sub>3</sub> metabolite 1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> activates at sub-nanomolecular concentrations the transcription factor VDR, which, together with its coreceptor RXR, preferentially contacts DR3-type sequences. The opening of chromatin at DR3-type binding sites carrying enhancer regions is supported by the pioneer factors PU.1 and CEBPα. The looping of enhancers to TSS regions facilitates protein–protein contacts in activated VDR via the Mediator complex and the basal transcriptional machinery with RNA polymerase II. This modulates target gene transcription.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/3/398'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00398/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00398-g002-550.jpg?1706590265" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Example of vitamin D signaling in vivo. Chromatin opening and VDR binding at the loci of the genes <span class="html-italic">CD14</span> (<b>top</b>) and <span class="html-italic">NFKBIA</span> (<b>bottom</b>) measured by FAIRE-seq and ChIP-seq, respectively, in PBMCs obtained from an individual who was challenged with a vitamin D<sub>3</sub> bolus (2000 μg). PBMCs were isolated directly before (day 0) and 24 h after (day 1) vitamin D<sub>3</sub> supplementation without any further in vitro culture. The peak tracks represent the merger of each of the three biological repeats [<a href="#B31-nutrients-16-00398" class="html-bibr">31</a>]. Enhancer regions with VDR binding sites are shaded in gray, and vitamin D target genes are highlighted in red. Please note that the FAIRE-seq data indicate far more vitamin D-triggered accessible chromatin regions than VDR-binding enhancers.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/3/398'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00398/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00398-g003-550.jpg?1706590267" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Vitamin D and hematopoiesis. Together with the pioneer factors PU.1 and CEBPα, VDR directs the differentiation of myeloid progenitor cells into monocytes and granulocytes. This may explain why monocytes and their derived cells, dendritic cells and macrophages, are the most vitamin D-responsive cell types of the immune system.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/3/398'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00398/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00398-g004-550.jpg?1706590269" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Changes in immunocompetence and HSC division rate over lifetime and their relation to health status/aging and disease incidence.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/3/398'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00398/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00398-g005-550.jpg?1706590270" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Individual decline of immunocompetence with aging. In the example of macrophages of different functionality (depicted via the integrity of the nucleus and the number of granules), interindividual differences in the immunocompetence of members of the same age cohort are expressed.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/3/398'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1329023" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 15 pages, 640 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/3/391/pdf?version=1706582495" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Vitamin D Supplementation: A Review of the Evidence Arguing for a Daily Dose of 2000 International Units (50 µg) of Vitamin D for Adults in the General Population" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/3/391">Vitamin D Supplementation: A Review of the Evidence Arguing for a Daily Dose of 2000 International Units (50 µg) of Vitamin D for Adults in the General Population</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Pawel Pludowski</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>William B. Grant</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Spyridon N. Karras</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Armin Zittermann</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Stefan Pilz</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(3), 391; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16030391">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16030391</a> - 29 Jan 2024 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/16/3/391#metrics">Cited by 11</a> | Viewed by 31429 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Vitamin D deficiency is considered a public health problem due to its worldwide high prevalence and adverse clinical consequences regarding musculoskeletal health. In addition, vitamin D may also be crucial for the prevention of certain extraskeletal diseases. Despite decades of intensive scientific research, <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/3/391/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Vitamin D deficiency is considered a public health problem due to its worldwide high prevalence and adverse clinical consequences regarding musculoskeletal health. In addition, vitamin D may also be crucial for the prevention of certain extraskeletal diseases. Despite decades of intensive scientific research, several knowledge gaps remain regarding the precise definition of vitamin D deficiency and sufficiency, the health benefits of improving vitamin D status, and the required vitamin D intakes. Consequently, various societies and expert groups have released heterogeneous recommendations on the dosages for vitamin D supplementation. In this brief narrative review, we outline and discuss recent advances regarding the scientific evidence arguing for a daily vitamin D supplementation with 2000 international units (IU) (50 µg) of vitamin D3 to prevent and treat vitamin D deficiency. According to data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs), such a dose may improve some health outcomes and is sufficient to raise and maintain serum 25(OH)D concentrations above 50 nmol/L (20 ng/mL) and above 75 nmol/L (30 ng/mL) in >99% and >90% of the general adult population, respectively. According to large vitamin D RCTs, there are no significant safety concerns in supplementing such a dose for several years, even in individuals with an already sufficient vitamin D status at baseline. A daily vitamin D supplementation with 2000 IU (50 µg) may be considered a simple, effective, and safe dosage to prevent and treat vitamin D deficiency in the adult general population. <a href="/2072-6643/16/3/391">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/11EX54YL3Q ">Pleiotropic Actions of Vitamin D: Proceedings from the 6th International Conference “Vitamin D—Minimum, Maximum, Optimum”</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/3/391/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1329023-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00391/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00391-g001-550.jpg?1706582558" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div></div></div><div id="article-1329023-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00391/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00391-g001-550.jpg?1706582558" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Dose–response trend of hazard ratios of death from all causes by standardized 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Dose–response trend of hazard ratios of all-cause mortality by standardized 25-hydroxyvitamin D were adjusted for age, sex, BMI, and season of blood drawing concentrations. Hazard ratios (blue line with 95% confidence interval as the dotted blue lines) refer to the 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration of 83.4 nmol/L (i.e., the median 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration for the group with 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations from 75 to 99.99 nmol/L). Reproduced from Ref. [<a href="#B64-nutrients-16-00391" class="html-bibr">64</a>] under the terms of the CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) Public Domain Dedication.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/3/391'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1327414" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 25 pages, 1712 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/3/370/pdf?version=1706518084" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="The Role of the FODMAP Diet in IBS" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/3/370">The Role of the FODMAP Diet in IBS</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Luisa Bertin</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Miriana Zanconato</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Martina Crepaldi</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Giovanni Marasco</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Cesare Cremon</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Giovanni Barbara</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Brigida Barberio</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Fabiana Zingone</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Edoardo Vincenzo Savarino</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(3), 370; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16030370">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16030370</a> - 26 Jan 2024 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/16/3/370#metrics">Cited by 13</a> | Viewed by 10576 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> The low FODMAP (fermentable oligosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide, and polyol) diet is a beneficial therapeutic approach for patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, how the low FODMAP diet works is still not completely understood. These mechanisms encompass not only traditionally known factors such <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/3/370/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> The low FODMAP (fermentable oligosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide, and polyol) diet is a beneficial therapeutic approach for patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, how the low FODMAP diet works is still not completely understood. These mechanisms encompass not only traditionally known factors such as luminal distension induced by gas and water but also recent evidence on the role of FOMAPs in the modulation of visceral hypersensitivity, increases in intestinal permeability, the induction of microbiota changes, and the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), as well as metabolomics and alterations in motility. Although most of the supporting evidence is of low quality, recent trials have confirmed its effectiveness, even though the majority of the evidence pertains only to the restriction phase and its effectiveness in relieving abdominal bloating and pain. This review examines potential pathophysiological mechanisms and provides an overview of the existing evidence on the effectiveness of the low FODMAP diet across various IBS subtypes. Key considerations for its use include the challenges and disadvantages associated with its practical implementation, including the need for professional guidance, variations in individual responses, concerns related to microbiota, nutritional deficiencies, the development of constipation, the necessity of excluding an eating disorder before commencing the diet, and the scarcity of long-term data. Despite its recognized efficacy in symptom management, acknowledging these limitations becomes imperative for a nuanced comprehension of the role of a low FODMAP diet in managing IBS. By investigating its potential mechanisms and evidence across IBS subtypes and addressing emerging modulations alongside limitations, this review aims to serve as a valuable resource for healthcare practitioners, researchers, and patients navigating the intricate landscape of IBS. <a href="/2072-6643/16/3/370">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/85J9502J1L ">Nutrition, Complementary and Alternative Treatments for Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Functional Constipation</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/3/370/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1327414"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1327414"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1327414" data-cycle-prev="#prev1327414" data-cycle-progressive="#images1327414" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1327414-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00370/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00370-g001-550.jpg?1706518148" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1327414" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1327414-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00370/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00370-g002-550.jpg?1706518150'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1327414-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00370/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00370-g003-550.jpg?1706518152'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1327414-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00370/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00370-g004-550.jpg?1706518154'><p>Figure 4</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1327414-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00370/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00370-g001-550.jpg?1706518148" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Hypothesized mechanisms of FODMAP-induced symptoms in individuals. Created with <a href="http://Biorender.com" target="_blank">Biorender.com</a>. Last accessed: 23 January 2023.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/3/370'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00370/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00370-g002-550.jpg?1706518150" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Process of low FODMAP diet implementation. Created with <a href="http://Biorender.com" target="_blank">Biorender.com</a>. Last accessed: 31 December 2023.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/3/370'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00370/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00370-g003-550.jpg?1706518152" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Main recommendations of dietary treatments for IBS. Created with <a href="http://Biorender.com" target="_blank">Biorender.com</a>. Last accessed: 31 December 2023.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/3/370'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00370/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00370-g004-550.jpg?1706518154" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>High FODMAP foods and low FODMAP alternatives. Created with <a href="http://Biorender.com" target="_blank">Biorender.com</a>. Last accessed: 23 January 2024.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/3/370'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1326150" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 19 pages, 1156 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/3/351/pdf?version=1706167881" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Adverse Food Reactions in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: State of the Art and Future Perspectives" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/3/351">Adverse Food Reactions in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: State of the Art and Future Perspectives</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ivan Capobianco</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Federica Di Vincenzo</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Pierluigi Puca</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Guia Becherucci</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Maria Chiara Mentella</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Valentina Petito</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Franco Scaldaferri</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(3), 351; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16030351">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16030351</a> - 25 Jan 2024 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/16/3/351#metrics">Cited by 2</a> | Viewed by 4554 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Limited knowledge is available about the relationship between food allergies or intolerances and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Clinicians frequently encounter patients who report food allergies or intolerances, and gastroenterologists struggle distinguishing between patients with organic disorders and those with functional disorders, which the <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/3/351/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Limited knowledge is available about the relationship between food allergies or intolerances and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Clinicians frequently encounter patients who report food allergies or intolerances, and gastroenterologists struggle distinguishing between patients with organic disorders and those with functional disorders, which the patients themselves may associate with specific dietary components. This task becomes even more arduous when managing patients with significant underlying organic conditions, like IBD. The aim of this review is to summarize and emphasize any actual associations between food allergies and intolerances and inflammatory diseases, such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. Through a narrative disceptation of the current literature, we highlight the increased prevalence of various food intolerances, including lactose, fructose, histamine, nickel, and non-celiac gluten sensitivity, in individuals with IBD. Additionally, we explore the association between increased epithelial barrier permeability in IBD and the development of food sensitization. By doing so, we aim to enhance clinicians’ awareness of the nutritional management of patients with IBD when facing complaints or evidence of food allergies or intolerances. <a href="/2072-6643/16/3/351">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/3004241R17 ">Inflammatory Bowel Disease: What Is New in Nutrition Care and What Should We Eat?</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/3/351/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1326150"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1326150"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1326150" data-cycle-prev="#prev1326150" data-cycle-progressive="#images1326150" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1326150-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00351/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00351-g001-550.jpg?1706167946" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1326150" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1326150-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00351/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00351-g002-550.jpg?1706167948'><p>Figure 2</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1326150-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00351/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00351-g001-550.jpg?1706167946" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Classification of adverse food reactions.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/3/351'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00351/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00351-g002-550.jpg?1706167948" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Food intolerances and allergies in IBD.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/3/351'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1326456" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1326456" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1326456" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1326456" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2072-6643/16/3/353/s1?version=1706183005"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 107 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 12 pages, 964 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/3/353/pdf?version=1706183004" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="The Relationship between Mushroom Intake and Cognitive Performance: An Epidemiological Study in the European Investigation of Cancer—Norfolk Cohort (EPIC-Norfolk)" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/3/353">The Relationship between Mushroom Intake and Cognitive Performance: An Epidemiological Study in the European Investigation of Cancer—Norfolk Cohort (EPIC-Norfolk)</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sara Cha</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Lynne Bell</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Claire M. Williams</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(3), 353; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16030353">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16030353</a> - 25 Jan 2024 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/16/3/353#metrics">Cited by 1</a> | Viewed by 4218 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> The previous literature suggests that regular consumption of edible mushrooms may confer neuroprotective cognitive health benefits. To further investigate the possible association between mushrooms and brain function during ageing, data from a population-based study of diet and chronic disease (EPIC-Norfolk cohort) were analysed. <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/3/353/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> The previous literature suggests that regular consumption of edible mushrooms may confer neuroprotective cognitive health benefits. To further investigate the possible association between mushrooms and brain function during ageing, data from a population-based study of diet and chronic disease (EPIC-Norfolk cohort) were analysed. Changes in mushroom intake were measured using a food frequency questionnaire at three health check (HC) points over an 18-year period, with participants categorised based on their consumption frequency. Cognitive performance was assessed at the final health check (3HC) via a battery of validated tests assessing a range of different cognitive domains. The findings revealed a significant reduction in mushroom intake over time, with 4.12% of the cohort giving up mushrooms after previously consuming them. At 3HC, mushroom consumers displayed better cognitive performance than non-consumers across multiple cognitive domains. This relationship was observed to be dose-dependent, with those consuming 1 or more portions per week showing the highest cognitive scores. These findings suggest that regular mushroom consumption may be beneficial for cognitive function during aging. Further randomised controlled trials will be needed to confirm any potential benefits of mushrooms on long-term cognitive health, alongside public health initiatives to promote mushroom consumption in this older-adult demographic. <a href="/2072-6643/16/3/353">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/P87R0JSETM ">Effects of Plant-Based Nutrition on Ageing</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/3/353/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1326456"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1326456"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1326456" data-cycle-prev="#prev1326456" data-cycle-progressive="#images1326456" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1326456-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00353/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00353-g001-550.jpg?1706183079" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1326456" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1326456-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00353/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00353-g002-550.jpg?1706183082'><p>Figure 2</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1326456-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00353/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00353-g001-550.jpg?1706183079" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Cognitive test scores according to mushroom intake: (<b>a</b>) PW: pairwise test, (<b>b</b>) VST(s): Visual Sensitivity test (s: simple), (<b>c</b>) PM: prospective memory test, (<b>d</b>) HVLT: Hopkins Verbal Learning Task, (<b>e</b>) SF-EMSE: Extended Mental State Examination—short form, (<b>f</b>) NART: National Adult Reading Test, (<b>g</b>) SF-MMSE: Mini Mental State Examination—short form. Presented values are estimated marginal means with gender, age, BMI status, and physical activity status as covariates. Error bars represent standard error. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05, ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01, *** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/3/353'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00353/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00353-g002-550.jpg?1706183082" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Cognitive test scores according to mushroom intake while accounting for fruit intake and vegetable intake (excluding mushrooms) as additional covariates: (<b>a</b>) CANTAB-PAL: paired associate learning test, (<b>b</b>) SF-MMSE: Mini Mental State Examination—short form, (<b>c</b>) PM: Prospective memory test, (<b>d</b>) HVLT: Hopkins Verbal Learning Task, (<b>e</b>) SF-EMSE: Extended Mental State Examination—short form, (<b>f</b>) NART: National Adult Reading Test. Presented values are estimated marginal means with gender, age, BMI status, physical activity status, fruit intake, and vegetable intake (excluding mushrooms) as covariates. Error bars represent standard error. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05, ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01, *** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/3/353'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1323616" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 25 pages, 2150 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/2/320/pdf?version=1705900651" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Cow’s Milk: A Benefit for Human Health? Omics Tools and Precision Nutrition for Lactose Intolerance Management" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/2/320">Cow’s Milk: A Benefit for Human Health? Omics Tools and Precision Nutrition for Lactose Intolerance Management</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Giovanni Pratelli</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Bartolo Tamburini</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Giusto Davide Badami</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Marianna Lo Pizzo</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Anna De Blasio</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Daniela Carlisi</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Diana Di Liberto</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(2), 320; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16020320">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16020320</a> - 22 Jan 2024 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/16/2/320#metrics">Cited by 8</a> | Viewed by 9808 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Cow’s milk (CM) is a healthy food consumed worldwide by individuals of all ages. Unfortunately, “lactase-deficient” individuals cannot digest milk’s main carbohydrate, lactose, depriving themselves of highly beneficial milk proteins like casein, lactoalbumin, and lactoglobulin due to lactose intolerance (LI), while other individuals <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/2/320/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Cow’s milk (CM) is a healthy food consumed worldwide by individuals of all ages. Unfortunately, “lactase-deficient” individuals cannot digest milk’s main carbohydrate, lactose, depriving themselves of highly beneficial milk proteins like casein, lactoalbumin, and lactoglobulin due to lactose intolerance (LI), while other individuals develop allergies specifically against these proteins (CMPA). The management of these conditions differs, and an inappropriate diagnosis or treatment may have significant implications for the patients, especially if they are infants or very young children, resulting in unnecessary dietary restrictions or avoidable adverse reactions. Omics technologies play a pivotal role in elucidating the intricate interactions between nutrients and the human body, spanning from genetic factors to the microbiota profile and metabolites. This comprehensive approach enables the precise delineation and identification of distinct cohorts of individuals with specific dietary requirements, so that tailored nutrition strategies can be developed. This is what is called personalized nutrition or precision nutrition (PN), the area of nutrition that focuses on the effects of nutrients on the genome, proteome, and metabolome, promoting well-being and health, preventing diseases, reducing chronic disease incidence, and increasing life expectancy. Here, we report the opinion of the scientific community proposing to replace the “one size fits all” approach with tailor-made nutrition programs, designed by integrating nutrigenomic data together with clinical parameters and microbiota profiles, taking into account the individual lactose tolerance threshold and needs in terms of specific nutrients intake. This customized approach could help LI patients to improve their quality of life, overcoming depression or anxiety often resulting from the individual perception of this condition as different from a normal state. <a href="/2072-6643/16/2/320">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/N3DF4VE4T8 ">Food Intolerance and Food Allergy: Novel Aspects in a Changing World</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/2/320/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1323616"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1323616"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1323616" data-cycle-prev="#prev1323616" data-cycle-progressive="#images1323616" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1323616-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00320/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00320-g001-550.jpg?1705900752" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1323616" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1323616-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00320/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00320-g002-550.jpg?1705900755'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1323616-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00320/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00320-g003-550.jpg?1705900756'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1323616-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00320/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00320-g004-550.jpg?1705900757'><p>Figure 4</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1323616-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00320/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00320-g001-550.jpg?1705900752" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Schematic representation showing the components of cow milk. Parts of the figure were drawn using pictures from Server Medical Art. Servier Medical Art by Servier is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/2/320'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00320/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00320-g002-550.jpg?1705900755" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Adverse effects that may occur following milk intake in some predisposed individuals. Parts of the figure were drawn by using <a href="http://BioRender.com" target="_blank">BioRender.com</a>.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/2/320'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00320/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00320-g003-550.jpg?1705900756" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Model for the onset of IgE- and non-IgE-mediated cow’s milk protein allergy. Parts of the figure were drawn using pictures from Server Medical Art. Servier Medical Art by Servier is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/2/320'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00320/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00320-g004-550.jpg?1705900757" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Intestinal digestion and absorption of lactose. The β-galactosidase lactase phlorizin hydrolase (LPH) breaks down lactose into glucose and galactose (white and blue diamonds) in the brush border microvilli (BBM) on the apical surface of the small intestine enterocytes (<b>A</b>). Here, after hydrolysis by LPH (yellow oval), monosaccharides are actively transported into enterocytes by the Na<sup>+</sup>/glucose co-transporter (blue oval) together with H<sub>2</sub>O molecules, rapidly absorbed into the surrounding capillaries by facilitated diffusion and transported in the bloodstream (<b>B</b>). LPH is synthesized as monomeric pro-LPH, which consists of four domains (I–IV), proteolytically activated first in the endoplasmic reticulum and in the Golgi apparatus of the enterocytes for cleavage of domains I and then sorted to BBM, where also domains II are cleaved to final mature LPH form (<b>C</b>).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/2/320'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1323237" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 18 pages, 511 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/2/316/pdf?version=1706863816" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Impact of Intermittent Fasting and/or Caloric Restriction on Aging-Related Outcomes in Adults: A Scoping Review of Randomized Controlled Trials" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Systematic Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/2/316">Impact of Intermittent Fasting and/or Caloric Restriction on Aging-Related Outcomes in Adults: A Scoping Review of Randomized Controlled Trials</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Dara L. James</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Nanako A. Hawley</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Alex E. Mohr</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Janice Hermer</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Edward Ofori</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Fang Yu</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Dorothy D. Sears</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(2), 316; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16020316">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16020316</a> - 20 Jan 2024 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/16/2/316#metrics">Cited by 5</a> | Viewed by 13645 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Intermittent fasting (IF) and caloric restriction (CR) are dietary strategies to prevent and attenuate obesity associated with conditions and aging-related outcomes. This scoping review examined the cardiometabolic, cancer, and neurocognitive outcome differences between IF and CR interventions among adults. We applied a systematic <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/2/316/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Intermittent fasting (IF) and caloric restriction (CR) are dietary strategies to prevent and attenuate obesity associated with conditions and aging-related outcomes. This scoping review examined the cardiometabolic, cancer, and neurocognitive outcome differences between IF and CR interventions among adults. We applied a systematic approach to scope published randomized controlled trials (databases: PubMed, CINAHL Plus, PsychInfo, Scopus, and Google Scholar) from inception through August 2023. The initial search provided 389 unique articles which were critically appraised. Thirty articles met the eligibility criteria for inclusion: 12 were IF, 10 were CR, and 8 were combined IF and CR interventions. IF and CR were associated with weight loss; however, IF studies tended to report greater adherence compared with CR. Overall, IF and CR were equivalently effective across cardiometabolic, cancer, and neurocognitive outcomes. Our findings suggest that IF has health benefits in a variety of conditions and may be better accepted and tolerated than CR, but more comparative research is required. <a href="/2072-6643/16/2/316">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Nutrition_Public_Health">Nutrition and Public Health</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/2/316/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1323237-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00316/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00316-g001-550.jpg?1706863924" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div></div></div><div id="article-1323237-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00316/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00316-g001-550.jpg?1706863924" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flow diagram for the scoping review screening process [<a href="#B25-nutrients-16-00316" class="html-bibr">25</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/2/316'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1321791" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1321791" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1321791" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1321791" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2072-6643/16/2/296/s1?version=1705581126"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 812 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 14 pages, 3574 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/2/296/pdf?version=1705583555" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Consumption of the Non-Nutritive Sweetener Stevia for 12 Weeks Does Not Alter the Composition of the Human Gut Microbiota" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/2/296">Consumption of the Non-Nutritive Sweetener Stevia for 12 Weeks Does Not Alter the Composition of the Human Gut Microbiota</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Gurdeep Singh</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Andrew J. McBain</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>John T. McLaughlin</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Nikoleta S. Stamataki</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(2), 296; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16020296">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16020296</a> - 18 Jan 2024 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/16/2/296#metrics">Cited by 2</a> | Viewed by 10286 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> The use of non-nutritive sweeteners (NNSs) as an alternative to caloric sugars has increased in recent years. Stevia is an NNS that has demonstrated beneficial effects on appetite and energy intake. However, the impact on the gut microbiota is not well understood. Therefore, <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/2/296/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> The use of non-nutritive sweeteners (NNSs) as an alternative to caloric sugars has increased in recent years. Stevia is an NNS that has demonstrated beneficial effects on appetite and energy intake. However, the impact on the gut microbiota is not well understood. Therefore, we investigated how regular consumption of stevia, for up to 12 weeks, impacts the human gut microbiota. Healthy subjects with a normal body mass index participated in our study; the stevia group (<i>n</i> = 14) was asked to consume five drops of stevia twice daily, compared to control participants (<i>n</i> = 13). Faecal samples collected before and after treatment were analysed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Stevia did not cause significant changes in the alpha or beta diversity when compared to the control groups. When the relative abundances of taxa were investigated, no clear differences were detected. Conversely, a random forest analysis correctly associated the gut microbiome with the control and stevia groups with an average of 75% accuracy, suggesting that there are intrinsic patterns that could discriminate between control and stevia use. However, large-scale changes in the gut microbiota were not apparent in this study, and, therefore, our data suggest that stevia does not significantly impact the gut microbiota. <a href="/2072-6643/16/2/296">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Nutrition_Methodology_Assessment">Nutrition Methodology & Assessment</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/2/296/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1321791"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1321791"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1321791" data-cycle-prev="#prev1321791" data-cycle-progressive="#images1321791" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1321791-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00296/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00296-g001-550.jpg?1705583690" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1321791" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1321791-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00296/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00296-g002-550.jpg?1705583693'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1321791-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00296/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00296-g003-550.jpg?1705583695'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1321791-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00296/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00296-g004-550.jpg?1705583698'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1321791-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00296/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00296-g005-550.jpg?1705583700'><p>Figure 5</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1321791-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00296/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00296-g001-550.jpg?1705583690" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Principle Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) of gut microbiota data from control vs. stevia groups. Healthy participants were asked to consume five drops of the sweetener stevia twice daily, compared to control participants. Stool samples were collected from these participants at baseline (0 weeks) and 12 weeks after the intervention, and 16S rRNA sequencing was performed to analyse the gut microbiome. PCoA was plotted using the weighted UniFrac method, comparing all experimental groups (<b>A</b>), time only (<b>B</b>) and control vs. stevia irrespective of time (<b>C</b>).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/2/296'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00296/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00296-g002-550.jpg?1705583693" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Alpha diversity analysis of gut microbiota data from control vs. stevia groups. Healthy participants were asked to consume five drops of the sweetener stevia twice daily, compared to control participants. Stool samples were collected from these participants at baseline (0 weeks) and 12 weeks after the intervention, and 16S rRNA sequencing was performed to analyse the gut microbiome. Alpha diversity (in terms of observed taxa (<b>A</b>), evenness (<b>B</b>) and Shannon Index (<b>C</b>)) was plotted comparing all groups. Individual data points are also shown on each graph.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/2/296'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00296/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00296-g003-550.jpg?1705583695" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Comparison of taxa abundance between control and stevia groups. Healthy participants were asked to consume five drops of the sweetener stevia twice daily, compared to control participants. Stool samples were collected from these participants at baseline (0 weeks) and 12 weeks after the intervention, and 16S rRNA sequencing was performed to analyse the gut microbiome. Taxa abundance was plotted for phyla (<b>A</b>) and genera (<b>B</b>), with taxa having less than 0.01% or 0.011% abundance, respectively, combined into a single fraction.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/2/296'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00296/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00296-g004-550.jpg?1705583698" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Differentially expressed bacteria between groups. Healthy participants were asked to consume five drops of the sweetener stevia twice daily, compared to control participants. Stool samples were collected from these participants at baseline (0 weeks) and 12 weeks after the intervention, and 16S rRNA sequencing was performed to analyse the gut microbiome. The differential abundance of taxa between groups (Control 0 weeks vs Control 12 weeks (<b>A</b>), Control 0 weeks vs Stevia 0 weeks (<b>B</b>), Stevia 0 weeks vs Stevia 12 weeks (<b>C</b>) and Control 12 weeks vs Stevia 12 weeks (<b>D</b>)) was calculated using the DESeq2 R package. Taxa that could not be resolved at the genus level were referred to as NA.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/2/296'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00296/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00296-g005-550.jpg?1705583700" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Associations between the gut microbiota and stevia group. Healthy participants were asked to consume five drops of the sweetener stevia twice daily, compared to control participants. Stool samples were collected from these participants at baseline (0 weeks) and 12 weeks after the intervention, and 16S rRNA sequencing was performed to analyse the gut microbiome. Random forest was used to find associations between the relative abundance of identified genera and the accuracy of the model (<b>A</b>) and the genera most strongly associated with these groups (<b>B</b>). Individual data points are shown (±SEM). Taxa that could not be resolved at the genus level were referred to as NA. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/2/296'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1317942" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 14 pages, 1045 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/2/242/pdf?version=1705049474" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Effect of 100% Orange Juice and a Volume-Matched Sugar-Sweetened Drink on Subjective Appetite, Food Intake, and Glycemic Response in Adults" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/2/242">Effect of 100% Orange Juice and a Volume-Matched Sugar-Sweetened Drink on Subjective Appetite, Food Intake, and Glycemic Response in Adults</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Stephanie Robayo</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Michaela Kucab</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sarah E. Walker</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Katherine Suitor</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Katherine D’Aversa</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Olivia Morello</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Nick Bellissimo</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(2), 242; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16020242">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16020242</a> - 12 Jan 2024 </div> Viewed by 6118 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Dietary recommendations to reduce the consumption of free sugars often group 100% fruit juice with other sugar-containing beverages. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of consuming 100% orange juice compared to an orange drink on next-meal food intake (FI), <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/2/242/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Dietary recommendations to reduce the consumption of free sugars often group 100% fruit juice with other sugar-containing beverages. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of consuming 100% orange juice compared to an orange drink on next-meal food intake (FI), glycemic response, average appetite, emotions, and sensory characteristics in normal-weight adults. Thirty-six normal-weight adults (age: 26.8 ± 0.9 years) consumed, in random order and at least 5 days apart, three 240 mL test beverages as follows: (a) 100% orange juice, (b) orange drink, or (c) water. Subjective sweetness and pleasantness were determined immediately after test beverage consumption. Glycemic response, average appetite, and subjective emotions were measured every 15 min for 60 min. Food intake was determined at a pizza lunch 60 min later. Rest-of-day glycemic response and energy intake (EI) were determined using a continuous glucose monitor and food record, respectively. Lunch FI (<i>p</i> = 0.054) and total EI (<i>p</i> = 0.01) were both lower after 100% orange juice compared with the orange drink. Caloric compensation was 84% after 100% orange juice and −25% after the orange drink (<i>p</i> = 0.047). Average appetite was not significantly different between the test beverages (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Blood glucose iAUC adjusted for available carbohydrate was lower after 100% orange juice compared with the orange drink (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Rest-of-day blood glucose concentrations were lower after 100% orange juice compared with the orange drink (<i>p</i> = 0.03) and water control (<i>p</i> < 0.001). In conclusion, consumption of 100% orange juice as a preload resulted in higher caloric compensation, lower total daily EI, and lower blood glucose concentrations compared to the orange drink. <a href="/2072-6643/16/2/242">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Carbohydrates">Carbohydrates</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/2/242/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1317942"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1317942"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1317942" data-cycle-prev="#prev1317942" data-cycle-progressive="#images1317942" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1317942-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00242/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00242-g001-550.jpg?1705049552" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1317942" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1317942-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00242/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00242-g002-550.jpg?1705049553'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1317942-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00242/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00242-g003-550.jpg?1705049554'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1317942-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00242/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00242-g004-550.jpg?1705049555'><p>Figure 4</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1317942-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00242/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00242-g001-550.jpg?1705049552" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>(<b>A</b>) Effect of treatment on change from baseline blood glucose (mmol/L) over 60 min. Blood glucose was affected by treatment (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001), time (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001), and treatment-by-time interaction (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001). Blood glucose concentrations were lower after 100% orange juice compared with orange drink at 15 min (<span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.001), 30-min (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001), and 45 min (<span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.005), but not at 60-min (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &gt; 0.05). (<b>B</b>) Effect of treatment on blood glucose incremental area under the curve (iAUC) (mmol/L * min) over 60 min. Blood glucose iAUC was affected by treatment (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001). Blood glucose iAUC was lower after 100% orange juice (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001) and water (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001) compared with orange drink. Different letters represent significant differences between treatments (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05). (<b>C</b>) Effect of treatment on change from baseline blood glucose per gram of available carbohydrate (mmol/L/g) from test beverages over 60 min. Blood glucose per gram of available carbohydrate was affected by treatment (<span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.004), time (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001) and treatment-by-time interaction (<span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.015). Blood glucose concentrations per gram of available carbohydrate were lower after 100% orange juice compared with orange drink at 30 min (<span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.003), but not at 15, 45, or 60 min (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &gt; 0.05). (<b>D</b>) Effect of treatment on blood glucose iAUC per gram of available carbohydrate (mmol/L * min/g) from test beverages over 60 min. Blood glucose iAUC per gram of available carbohydrate was affected by treatment (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001). Blood glucose iAUC was lower after 100% orange juice (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001) compared with orange drink. Asterisks represent significant differences between treatments (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05). All values are means ± SEM, <span class="html-italic">n</span> = 34.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/2/242'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00242/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00242-g002-550.jpg?1705049553" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Effect of treatment on rest-of-day blood glucose (mmol/L) over 11 h. Blood glucose was affected by treatment (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001), but not time or treatment-by-time interaction (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &gt; 0.05). Rest-of-day blood glucose was lower after 100% orange juice compared with the orange drink (<span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.03) and water (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001), and lower after orange drink compared with water (<span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.002). All values are means ± SEM, <span class="html-italic">n</span> = 31.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/2/242'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00242/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00242-g003-550.jpg?1705049554" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Effect of treatment on change from baseline subjective appetite scores (mm) over 60 min (two-factor ANOVA with Tukey–Kramer’s post-hoc test to account for multiple comparisons). Subjective appetite scores were affected by time (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001), but not treatment or treatment-by-time interaction (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &gt; 0.05). All values are means ± SEM, <span class="html-italic">n</span> = 36.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/2/242'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00242/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00242-g004-550.jpg?1705049555" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Effect of treatment on subjective pleasantness scores (mm) post-treatment consumption. There was a main effect of treatment on subjective pleasantness of the test beverage (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001). Subjective pleasantness was higher after 100% orange juice compared with orange drink (<span class="html-italic">p</span> = 0.009) and water (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001). All values are means ± SEM, <span class="html-italic">n</span> = 36. Different letters represent significant differences between treatments (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/2/242'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1316388" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 16 pages, 1173 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/2/221/pdf?version=1704877512" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Vitamin D and Its Role on the Fatigue Mitigation: A Narrative Review" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/2/221">Vitamin D and Its Role on the Fatigue Mitigation: A Narrative Review</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ippolita Valentina Di Molfetta</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Laura Bordoni</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Rosita Gabbianelli</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Gianni Sagratini</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Laura Alessandroni</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(2), 221; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16020221">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16020221</a> - 10 Jan 2024 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/16/2/221#metrics">Cited by 3</a> | Viewed by 23859 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Vitamin D has historically been associated with bone metabolism. However, over the years, a growing body of evidence has emerged indicating its involvement in various physiological processes that may influence the onset of numerous pathologies (cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, rheumatological diseases, fertility, cancer, <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/2/221/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Vitamin D has historically been associated with bone metabolism. However, over the years, a growing body of evidence has emerged indicating its involvement in various physiological processes that may influence the onset of numerous pathologies (cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, rheumatological diseases, fertility, cancer, diabetes, or a condition of fatigue). This narrative review investigates the current knowledge of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying fatigue and the ways in which vitamin D is implicated in these processes. Scientific studies in the databases of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were reviewed with a focus on factors that play a role in the genesis of fatigue, where the influence of vitamin D has been clearly demonstrated. The pathogenic factors of fatigue influenced by vitamin D are related to biochemical factors connected to oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines. A role in the control of the neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin has also been demonstrated: an imbalance in the relationship between these two neurotransmitters is linked to the genesis of fatigue. Furthermore, vitamin D is implicated in the control of voltage-gated calcium and chloride channels. Although it has been demonstrated that hypovitaminosis D is associated with numerous pathological conditions, current data on the outcomes of correcting hypovitaminosis D are conflicting. This suggests that, despite the significant involvement of vitamin D in regulating mechanisms governing fatigue, other factors could also play a role. <a href="/2072-6643/16/2/221">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/Z83BS3PEK9 ">Global Perspectives on Vitamin D</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/2/221/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1316388"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1316388"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1316388" data-cycle-prev="#prev1316388" data-cycle-progressive="#images1316388" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1316388-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00221/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00221-g001-550.jpg?1704877589" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1316388" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1316388-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00221/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00221-g002-550.jpg?1704877590'><p>Figure 2</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1316388-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00221/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00221-g001-550.jpg?1704877589" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Influence of vitamin D on the pathogenetic mechanisms related to the onset of fatigue.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/2/221'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00221/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00221-g002-550.jpg?1704877590" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Physiopathological conditions affected by hypovitaminosis D.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/2/221'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1313611" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 17 pages, 2247 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/2/181/pdf?version=1704679294" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Sex and Gender Differences on the Impact of Metabolism-Disrupting Chemicals on Obesity: A Systematic Review" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Systematic Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/2/181">Sex and Gender Differences on the Impact of Metabolism-Disrupting Chemicals on Obesity: A Systematic Review</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Massimo D’Archivio</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Lucia Coppola</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Roberta Masella</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Alessia Tammaro</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Cinzia La Rocca</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(2), 181; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16020181">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16020181</a> - 5 Jan 2024 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/16/2/181#metrics">Cited by 3</a> | Viewed by 3888 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Obesity represents an important public health concern, being one of the leading causes of death worldwide. It is a multifactorial disease with many underlying intertwined causes, including genetic, environmental and behavioral factors. Notably, metabolism-disrupting chemicals (MDCs) can alter the set point control of <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/2/181/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Obesity represents an important public health concern, being one of the leading causes of death worldwide. It is a multifactorial disease with many underlying intertwined causes, including genetic, environmental and behavioral factors. Notably, metabolism-disrupting chemicals (MDCs) can alter the set point control of metabolism, affecting the development and function of the adipose tissue. Epidemiological studies have reported associations between human exposure to MDCs and several altered metabolic endpoints. It is also noteworthy that sex and gender represent important risk factors in the development of obesity. Different sex-related biological and physiological characteristics influence individual susceptibility, whereas gender represents a critical component in determining the different exposure scenarios. Although some advancements in the treatment of obesity have been achieved in preclinical and clinical studies, the obesity pandemic continues to increase worldwide. The present study performed a systematic review of recent studies considering the effects of MDCs on obesity, with a specific focus on sex- and gender-related responses. This review highlighted that MDCs could differently affect men and women at different stages of life even though the number of studies evaluating the association between obesity and MDC exposure in relation to sex and gender is still limited. This evidence should urge researchers to carry out studies considering sex and gender differences. This is essential for developing sex-/gender-tailored prevention strategies to improve public health policies and reduce exposure. <a href="/2072-6643/16/2/181">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/3O2E56BDLX ">Sex Differences in Metabolism and Cardiometabolic Diseases</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/2/181/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1313611"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1313611"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1313611" data-cycle-prev="#prev1313611" data-cycle-progressive="#images1313611" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1313611-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00181/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00181-ag-550.jpg?1704679399" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Graphical abstract</p></div><script id="images1313611" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1313611-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00181/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00181-g001-550.jpg?1704679392'><p>Figure 1</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1313611-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00181/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00181-g002-550.jpg?1704679395'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1313611-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00181/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00181-g003-550.jpg?1704679396'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1313611-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00181/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00181-g004-550.jpg?1704679398'><p>Figure 4</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1313611-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00181/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00181-ag-550.jpg?1704679399" title=" <strong>Graphical abstract</strong><br/><strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/2/181'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00181/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00181-g001-550.jpg?1704679392" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Flow chart illustrating the study selection process to identify eligible studies. The reasons for the exclusion in each step are also reported in the figure.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/2/181'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00181/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00181-g002-550.jpg?1704679395" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Risk of bias (RoB) assessment in children and adolescent studies [<a href="#B46-nutrients-16-00181" class="html-bibr">46</a>,<a href="#B47-nutrients-16-00181" class="html-bibr">47</a>,<a href="#B48-nutrients-16-00181" class="html-bibr">48</a>,<a href="#B49-nutrients-16-00181" class="html-bibr">49</a>,<a href="#B50-nutrients-16-00181" class="html-bibr">50</a>,<a href="#B51-nutrients-16-00181" class="html-bibr">51</a>,<a href="#B52-nutrients-16-00181" class="html-bibr">52</a>,<a href="#B53-nutrients-16-00181" class="html-bibr">53</a>,<a href="#B54-nutrients-16-00181" class="html-bibr">54</a>,<a href="#B55-nutrients-16-00181" class="html-bibr">55</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/2/181'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00181/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00181-g003-550.jpg?1704679396" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Risk of bias (RoB) assessment in studies of adults [<a href="#B46-nutrients-16-00181" class="html-bibr">46</a>,<a href="#B56-nutrients-16-00181" class="html-bibr">56</a>,<a href="#B57-nutrients-16-00181" class="html-bibr">57</a>,<a href="#B58-nutrients-16-00181" class="html-bibr">58</a>,<a href="#B59-nutrients-16-00181" class="html-bibr">59</a>,<a href="#B60-nutrients-16-00181" class="html-bibr">60</a>,<a href="#B61-nutrients-16-00181" class="html-bibr">61</a>,<a href="#B62-nutrients-16-00181" class="html-bibr">62</a>,<a href="#B63-nutrients-16-00181" class="html-bibr">63</a>,<a href="#B64-nutrients-16-00181" class="html-bibr">64</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/2/181'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00181/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00181-g004-550.jpg?1704679398" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Risk of bias (RoB) assessment in studies in pregnant women and follow-up in children [<a href="#B65-nutrients-16-00181" class="html-bibr">65</a>,<a href="#B66-nutrients-16-00181" class="html-bibr">66</a>,<a href="#B67-nutrients-16-00181" class="html-bibr">67</a>,<a href="#B68-nutrients-16-00181" class="html-bibr">68</a>,<a href="#B69-nutrients-16-00181" class="html-bibr">69</a>,<a href="#B70-nutrients-16-00181" class="html-bibr">70</a>,<a href="#B71-nutrients-16-00181" class="html-bibr">71</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/2/181'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1312936" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 14 pages, 625 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/1/168/pdf?version=1704348418" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Intermittent Fasting: Does It Affect Sports Performance? A Systematic Review" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/1/168">Intermittent Fasting: Does It Affect Sports Performance? A Systematic Review</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Javier Conde-Pipó</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Agustín Mora-Fernandez</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Manuel Martinez-Bebia</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Nuria Gimenez-Blasi</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Alejandro Lopez-Moro</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>José Antonio Latorre</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Antonio Almendros-Ruiz</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Bernardo Requena</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Miguel Mariscal-Arcas</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(1), 168; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16010168">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16010168</a> - 4 Jan 2024 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/16/1/168#metrics">Cited by 5</a> | Viewed by 13149 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Intermittent fasting is one of the most popular types of diet at the moment because it is an effective nutritional strategy in terms of weight loss. The main objective of this review is to analyze the effects that intermittent fasting has on sports <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/1/168/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Intermittent fasting is one of the most popular types of diet at the moment because it is an effective nutritional strategy in terms of weight loss. The main objective of this review is to analyze the effects that intermittent fasting has on sports performance. We analyzed physical capacities: aerobic capacity, anaerobic capacity, strength, and power, as well as their effect on body composition. For this, a bibliographic search was carried out in several databases where 25 research articles were analyzed to clarify these objectives. Inclusion criteria: dates between 2013 and present, free full texts, studies conducted in adult human athletes, English and/or Spanish languages, and if it has been considered that intermittent fasting is mainly linked to sports practice and that this obtains a result in terms of performance or physical capacities. This review was registered in PROSPERO with code ref. 407024, and an evaluation of the quality or risk of bias was performed. After this analysis, results were obtained regarding the improvement of body composition and the maintenance of muscle mass. An influence of intermittent fasting on sports performance and body composition is observed. It can be concluded that intermittent fasting provides benefits in terms of body composition without reducing physical performance, maintenance of lean mass, and improvements in maximum power. But despite this, it is necessary to carry out new studies focusing on the sports field since the samples have been very varied. Additionally, the difference in hours of intermittent fasting should be studied, especially in the case of overnight fasting. <a href="/2072-6643/16/1/168">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/8Q84E1E33V ">The Role of Diet Pattern on Exercise Performance and Metabolism</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/1/168/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1312936"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1312936"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1312936" data-cycle-prev="#prev1312936" data-cycle-progressive="#images1312936" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1312936-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00168/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00168-ag-550.jpg?1704348519" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Graphical abstract</p></div><script id="images1312936" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1312936-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00168/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00168-g001-550.jpg?1704348513'><p>Figure 1</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1312936-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00168/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00168-ag-550.jpg?1704348519" title=" <strong>Graphical abstract</strong><br/><strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/1/168'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00168/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00168-g001-550.jpg?1704348513" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Flow chart for the selection of articles included in the systematic review.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/1/168'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1312201" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1312201" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1312201" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1312201" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2072-6643/16/1/152/s1?version=1704341947"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 983 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 24 pages, 3522 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/16/1/152/pdf?version=1704341946" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Dietary Macronutrient Intake and Cardiovascular Disease Risk and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Systematic Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/16/1/152">Dietary Macronutrient Intake and Cardiovascular Disease Risk and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yibin Ma</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Zekun Zheng</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Litao Zhuang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Huiting Wang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Anni Li</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Liangkai Chen</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Liegang Liu</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(1), 152; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16010152">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16010152</a> - 2 Jan 2024 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/16/1/152#metrics">Cited by 3</a> | Viewed by 7770 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Many epidemiological studies have evaluated the intake of macronutrients and the risk of mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, current evidence is conflicting and warrants further investigation. Therefore, we carried out an umbrella review to examine and quantify the potential dose-response association of <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/1/152/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Many epidemiological studies have evaluated the intake of macronutrients and the risk of mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, current evidence is conflicting and warrants further investigation. Therefore, we carried out an umbrella review to examine and quantify the potential dose-response association of dietary macronutrient intake with CVD morbidity and mortality. Prospective cohort studies from PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL were reviewed, which reported associations of macronutrients (protein, fat, and carbohydrate) with all-cause, CVD, cancer mortality, or CVD events. Multivariable relative risks (RR) were pooled, and heterogeneity was assessed. The results of 124 prospective cohort studies were included in the systematic review and 101 in the meta-analysis. During the follow-up period from 2.2 to 30 years, 506,086 deaths and 79,585 CVD events occurred among 5,107,821 participants. High total protein intake was associated with low CVD morbidity (RR 0.88, 95% confidence interval 0.82–0.94), while high total carbohydrate intake was associated with high CVD morbidity (1.08, 1.02–1.13). For fats, a high intake of total fat was associated with a decreased all-cause mortality risk (0.92, 0.85–0.99). Saturated fatty acid intake was only associated with cancer mortality (1.10, 1.06–1.14); Both monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) intake was associated with all-cause mortality (MUFA: 0.92, 0.86–0.98; PUFA: 0.91, 0.86–0.96). This meta-analysis supports that protein intake is associated with a decreased risk of CVD morbidity, while carbohydrate intake is associated with an increased risk of CVD morbidity. High total fat intake is associated with a low risk of all-cause mortality, and this effect was different in an analysis stratified by the type of fat. <a href="/2072-6643/16/1/152">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Nutrition_Public_Health">Nutrition and Public Health</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/1/152/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1312201"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1312201"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1312201" data-cycle-prev="#prev1312201" data-cycle-progressive="#images1312201" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1312201-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00152/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00152-g001-550.jpg?1704342072" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1312201" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1312201-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00152/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00152-g002-550.jpg?1704342073'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1312201-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00152/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00152-g003-550.jpg?1704342076'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1312201-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00152/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00152-g004-550.jpg?1704342077'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1312201-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00152/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00152-g005-550.jpg?1704342078'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1312201-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00152/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00152-g006-550.jpg?1704342080'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1312201-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00152/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00152-g007-550.jpg?1704342081'><p>Figure 7</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1312201-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00152/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00152-g001-550.jpg?1704342072" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Results of systematic literature search.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/1/152'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00152/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00152-g002-550.jpg?1704342073" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>A summary plot for the association of protein intake with CVD morbidity and mortality. Analyses were conducted using generic, inverse variance random-effects models (at least five study comparisons available) or fixed-effects models (fewer than five study comparisons available). Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; CVD, cardiovascular disease; RR, risk ratio. Statistically significant results will be annotated with bold values.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/1/152'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00152/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00152-g003-550.jpg?1704342076" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>A summary plot for the association of fat intake with CVD morbidity and mortality. Analyses were conducted using generic, inverse variance random-effects models (at least five study comparisons available) or fixed-effects models (fewer than five study comparisons available). Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; CVD, cardiovascular disease; RR, risk ratio; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acid; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids; SFA, saturated fatty acid. Statistically significant results will be annotated with bold values.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/1/152'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00152/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00152-g004-550.jpg?1704342077" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>A summary plot for the association of carbohydrates intake with CVD morbidity and mortality. Analyses were conducted using generic, inverse variance random-effects models (at least five study comparisons available) or fixed-effects models (fewer than five study comparisons available). Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; CVD, cardiovascular disease; RR, risk ratio. Statistically significant results will be annotated with bold values.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/1/152'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00152/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00152-g005-550.jpg?1704342078" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Non-linear dose-response association of intakes of total, animal, plant protein based on percentage of energy with risk of mortality in adults aged 19 or older. Analyses were conducted using random-effects model. Abbreviations: CVD, cardiovascular disease. Solid line represents non-linear dose response and dotted lines represent 95% confidence interval.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/1/152'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00152/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00152-g006-550.jpg?1704342080" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Non-linear dose-response association of intakes of total fat, SFA, MUFA, and PUFA based on percentage of energy with risk of mortality in adults aged 19 or older. Analyses were conducted using a random-effects model. Abbreviations: CVD, cardiovascular disease; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acid; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids; SFA, saturated fatty acid.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/1/152'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-16-00152/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-16-00152-g007-550.jpg?1704342081" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>Non-linear dose-response association of intakes of total protein, total fat, carbohydrates, SFA, MUFA, and PUFA based on percentage of energy with risk of CVD in adults aged 19 or older. Analyses were conducted using a random-effects model. Abbreviations: CVD, cardiovascular disease; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acid; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids; SFA, saturated fatty acid. Solid line represents non-linear dose response and dotted lines represent 95% confidence interval.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/16/1/152'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1291358" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1291358" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1291358" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1291358" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2072-6643/15/23/4969/s1?version=1701330523"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 78 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 26 pages, 5313 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/15/23/4969/pdf?version=1701330522" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Myths and Facts about Food Intolerance: A Narrative Review" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/15/23/4969">Myths and Facts about Food Intolerance: A Narrative Review</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Fabiana Zingone</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Luisa Bertin</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Daria Maniero</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Michela Palo</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Greta Lorenzon</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Brigida Barberio</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Carolina Ciacci</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Edoardo Vincenzo Savarino</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(23), 4969; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15234969">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15234969</a> - 30 Nov 2023 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/15/23/4969#metrics">Cited by 11</a> | Viewed by 11416 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Most adverse reactions to food are patient self-reported and not based on validated tests but nevertheless lead to dietary restrictions, with patients believing that these restrictions will improve their symptoms and quality of life. We aimed to clarify the myths and reality of <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/23/4969/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Most adverse reactions to food are patient self-reported and not based on validated tests but nevertheless lead to dietary restrictions, with patients believing that these restrictions will improve their symptoms and quality of life. We aimed to clarify the myths and reality of common food intolerances, giving clinicians a guide on diagnosing and treating these cases. We performed a narrative review of the latest evidence on the widespread food intolerances reported by our patients, giving indications on the clinical presentations, possible tests, and dietary suggestions, and underlining the myths and reality. While lactose intolerance and hereditary fructose intolerance are based on well-defined mechanisms and have validated diagnostic tests, non-coeliac gluten sensitivity and fermentable oligosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide, and polyol (FODMAP) intolerance are mainly based on patients’ reports. Others, like non-hereditary fructose, sorbitol, and histamine intolerance, still need more evidence and often cause unnecessary dietary restrictions. Finally, the main outcome of the present review is that the medical community should work to reduce the spread of unvalidated tests, the leading cause of the problematic management of our patients. <a href="/2072-6643/15/23/4969">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/M32V3D4P48 ">The Role of Food Intolerance in Gastrointestinal Disorders</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/23/4969/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1291358"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1291358"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1291358" data-cycle-prev="#prev1291358" data-cycle-progressive="#images1291358" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1291358-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04969/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04969-g001-550.jpg?1701330593" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1291358" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1291358-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04969/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04969-g002-550.jpg?1701330596'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1291358-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04969/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04969-g003-550.jpg?1701330597'><p>Figure 3</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1291358-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04969/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04969-g001-550.jpg?1701330593" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Main causes of reaction to specific food intake in intolerant individuals. Created with <a href="http://BioRender.com" target="_blank">BioRender.com</a> (accessed on 1 November 2023).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/23/4969'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04969/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04969-g002-550.jpg?1701330596" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Food containing FODMAPs. Created with <a href="http://BioRender.com" target="_blank">BioRender.com</a> (accessed on 29 November 2023).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/23/4969'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04969/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04969-g003-550.jpg?1701330597" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>The top-down approach low-FODMAP diet. Created with <a href="http://Biorender.com" target="_blank">Biorender.com</a>. (accessed on 24 November 2023).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/23/4969'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1271635" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 22 pages, 6103 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/15/21/4631/pdf?version=1698753473" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Understanding the Gut–Brain Axis and Its Therapeutic Implications for Neurodegenerative Disorders" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/15/21/4631">Understanding the Gut–Brain Axis and Its Therapeutic Implications for Neurodegenerative Disorders</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yadong Zheng</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Laura Bonfili</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Tao Wei</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Anna Maria Eleuteri</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(21), 4631; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15214631">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15214631</a> - 31 Oct 2023 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/15/21/4631#metrics">Cited by 24</a> | Viewed by 9492 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> The gut–brain axis (GBA) is a complex bidirectional communication network connecting the gut and brain. It involves neural, immune, and endocrine communication pathways between the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the central nervous system (CNS). Perturbations of the GBA have been reported in many <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/21/4631/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> The gut–brain axis (GBA) is a complex bidirectional communication network connecting the gut and brain. It involves neural, immune, and endocrine communication pathways between the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the central nervous system (CNS). Perturbations of the GBA have been reported in many neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs), such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), among others, suggesting a possible role in disease pathogenesis. The gut microbiota is a pivotal component of the GBA, and alterations in its composition, known as gut dysbiosis, have been associated with GBA dysfunction and neurodegeneration. The gut microbiota might influence the homeostasis of the CNS by modulating the immune system and, more directly, regulating the production of molecules and metabolites that influence the nervous and endocrine systems, making it a potential therapeutic target. Preclinical trials manipulating microbial composition through dietary intervention, probiotic and prebiotic supplementation, and fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) have provided promising outcomes. However, its clear mechanism is not well understood, and the results are not always consistent. Here, we provide an overview of the major components and communication pathways of the GBA, as well as therapeutic approaches targeting the GBA to ameliorate NDDs. <a href="/2072-6643/15/21/4631">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/V8972NFDWJ ">Diet and Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Neurodegenerative Diseases</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/21/4631/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1271635"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1271635"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1271635" data-cycle-prev="#prev1271635" data-cycle-progressive="#images1271635" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1271635-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04631/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04631-g001-550.jpg?1698753541" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1271635" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1271635-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04631/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04631-g002-550.jpg?1698753542'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1271635-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04631/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04631-g003-550.jpg?1698753542'><p>Figure 3</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1271635-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04631/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04631-g001-550.jpg?1698753541" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Pathways involved in bidirectional communication within the gut–brain axis (GBA). They include neural, immune, and endocrine pathways. Neurotransmitters: dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), etc. Cytokines: interleukin (IL)-1<math display="inline"><semantics> <mi>β</mi> </semantics></math>, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-<math display="inline"><semantics> <mi>α</mi> </semantics></math> (TNF-<math display="inline"><semantics> <mi>α</mi> </semantics></math>), etc. Nutrients and metabolites: short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), amine compounds, vitamins, neuroprecursors, etc. ACTH: adrenocorticotropic hormone; HPA: hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal; CRH: corticotrophin-releasing hormone. Created with <a href="http://BioRender.com" target="_blank">BioRender.com</a>.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/21/4631'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04631/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04631-g002-550.jpg?1698753542" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Hallmarks in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders caused by gut dysbiosis. Gut dysbiosis tends to promote the generation of proinflammatory cytokines and toxic metabolites, which in turn disrupt the integrity of the intestinal barrier, commonly referred to as “leaky gut”, and leads to an increased systemic circulation of inflammatory factors, microbes, and microbial products, thereby inciting systemic inflammation. Furthermore, the inflammatory status disrupts the blood–brain barrier (BBB), facilitating the entry of toxic metabolites like lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and <math display="inline"><semantics> <mi>β</mi> </semantics></math>-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) into the brain, resulting in neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Chronic neuroinflammation fosters the aggregation of pathological proteins, disrupting neuronal function and ultimately causing neuronal loss. Additionally, gut dysbiosis-induced chronic inflammation and oxidative stress impair autophagic clearance processes in both the gut and the brain, resulting in proteolysis dysfunction. Created with <a href="http://BioRender.com" target="_blank">BioRender.com</a>.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/21/4631'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04631/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04631-g003-550.jpg?1698753542" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Strategies to modify gut microbiota for neurodegenerative disorders treatment. They mainly include diet, prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). These approaches primarily function by modifying microbial communities and producing microbial metabolites, such as neurotransmitters and SCFAs, to exert neuroprotective effects. The diet emphasizes the consumption of fruits, vegetables, legumes, and cereals. Prebiotics are compounds selectively utilized by beneficial gut microbes, promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria and the generation of their metabolic products. Probiotics are live, nonpathogenic microorganisms that confer health benefits when consumed in adequate amounts. Synbiotics are specialized formulations that combine prebiotics and probiotics, synergistically enhancing their viability and therapeutic effects. FMT aims to restore a healthy gut microbiome and enhance gut microbiota diversity and functionality by transferring rigorously screened donor fecal microbiota into the patient’s GI tract. Created with <a href="http://BioRender.com" target="_blank">BioRender.com</a>.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/21/4631'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1264659" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 11 pages, 294 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/15/20/4468/pdf?version=1698031858" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Effects of an Eight Week Very Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet (VLCKD) on White Blood Cell and Platelet Counts in Relation to Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) in Subjects with Overweight and Obesity" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/15/20/4468">Effects of an Eight Week Very Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet (VLCKD) on White Blood Cell and Platelet Counts in Relation to Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) in Subjects with Overweight and Obesity</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sara De Nucci</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Caterina Bonfiglio</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Rosanna Donvito</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Martina Di Chito</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Nicole Cerabino</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Roberta Rinaldi</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Annamaria Sila</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Endrit Shahini</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Vito Giannuzzi</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Pasqua Letizia Pesole</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sergio Coletta</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Elsa Lanzilotta</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Giuseppina Piazzolla</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Raffaele Cozzolongo</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Gianluigi Giannelli</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Giovanni De Pergola</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(20), 4468; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15204468">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15204468</a> - 21 Oct 2023 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/15/20/4468#metrics">Cited by 14</a> | Viewed by 3623 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Obesity and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) are frequently associated conditions characterized by low-grade inflammation. Very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) strategies are commonly used to simultaneously obtain weight loss and an improvement of liver steatosis. We evaluated the efficacy of 8 weeks’ <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/20/4468/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Obesity and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) are frequently associated conditions characterized by low-grade inflammation. Very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) strategies are commonly used to simultaneously obtain weight loss and an improvement of liver steatosis. We evaluated the efficacy of 8 weeks’ VLCKD in decreasing the white blood cell (WBC) and platelet (PLT) counts, as well as liver steatosis and fibrosis, diagnosed using transient elastography (FibroScan). Metabolic and anthropometric parameters commonly associated with MASLD were also evaluated. This study included 87 participants; 58 women and 29 men aged between 18 and 64 years with overweight (18%) or obesity (82%), but not taking any medication. Anthropometric measurements, bioimpedance analysis, and biochemical assays were performed before and after the dietary intervention. BMI (kg/m<sup>2</sup>) (<i>p</i>-value < 0.001), waist circumference (cm) (<i>p</i>-value < 0.001), and fat mass (kg) (<i>p</i>-value < 0.001) were significantly decreased following VLCKD. After VLCKD, the FibroScan parameter CAP (db/m), which measures the accumulation of fatty liver, significantly decreased (<i>p</i>-value < 0.001), as did liver stiffness (kPA), the FibroScan parameter quantifying liver fibrosis (<i>p</i>-value < 0.05). Seemingly, WBC (<i>p</i>-value < 0.001) and PLT (<i>p</i>-value < 0.001) counts were lowered by VLCKD in the whole group; however, the decrease in WBC and platelet counts were significant only in patients with steatosis (CAP ≥ 215 dB/m). Fasting blood glucose (<i>p</i>-value < 0.001), insulin (<i>p</i>-value < 0.001), HbA1c (<i>p</i>-value < 0.001), triglycerides (<i>p</i>-value < 0.001), total cholesterol (<i>p</i>-value < 0.001), LDL-cholesterol (<i>p</i>-value < 0.001), HDL-cholesterol (<i>p</i>-value < 0.001); γGT (<i>p</i>-value < 0.001) blood levels and insulin resistance (as measured by HOMAIR) (<i>p</i>-value < 0.001); and systolic (<i>p</i>-value < 0.001), and diastolic (<i>p</i>-value < 0.001) blood pressure levels, were all significantly lower after VLCKD. In contrast, blood levels of vitamin D were higher following the diet (<i>p</i>-value < 0.001). We conclude that treating subjects with overweight and obesity with VLCKD is followed by a simultaneous reduction in WBCs and platelets, the expression of low-grade inflammation, and of liver steatosis and fibrosis. Therefore, we can hypothesize that VLCKD decreases general and liver low-grade inflammation, thus improving liver health. <a href="/2072-6643/15/20/4468">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/VFR3AR2URL ">The Effect of Dietary Interventions on Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes in the Era of the Incretin-Based Therapies</a>)<br/> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1264575" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 18 pages, 2499 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/15/20/4466/pdf?version=1697880750" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Roles of Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Inflammatory Bowel Disease" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/15/20/4466">Roles of Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Inflammatory Bowel Disease</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yoonhwa Shin</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sunhee Han</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Juhui Kwon</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Songhyun Ju</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Tae Gyu Choi</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Insug Kang</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sung Soo Kim</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(20), 4466; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15204466">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15204466</a> - 21 Oct 2023 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/15/20/4466#metrics">Cited by 34</a> | Viewed by 6042 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> The gut microbiome is a diverse bacterial community in the human gastrointestinal tract that plays important roles in a variety of biological processes. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) are produced through fermentation of dietary fiber. Certain microbes in the gut are responsible for producing <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/20/4466/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> The gut microbiome is a diverse bacterial community in the human gastrointestinal tract that plays important roles in a variety of biological processes. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) are produced through fermentation of dietary fiber. Certain microbes in the gut are responsible for producing SCFAs such as acetate, propionate and butyrate. An imbalance in gut microbiome diversity can lead to metabolic disorders and inflammation-related diseases. Changes in SCFA levels and associated microbiota were observed in IBD, suggesting an association between SCFAs and disease. The gut microbiota and SCFAs affect reactive oxygen species (ROS) associated with IBD. Gut microbes and SCFAs are closely related to IBD, and it is important to study them further. <a href="/2072-6643/15/20/4466">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/7E6COBZG23 ">The Effects of Dietary Lipids on Inflammation and Gut Microbiota</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/20/4466/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1264575"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1264575"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1264575" data-cycle-prev="#prev1264575" data-cycle-progressive="#images1264575" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1264575-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04466/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04466-g001-550.jpg?1697880823" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1264575" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1264575-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04466/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04466-g002-550.jpg?1697880824'><p>Figure 2</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1264575-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04466/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04466-g001-550.jpg?1697880823" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>SCFA and overall flow on gut immunity.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/20/4466'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04466/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04466-g002-550.jpg?1697880824" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>SCFAs are important tissue-specific energy and signaling molecules.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/20/4466'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1261013" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 20 pages, 1374 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/15/20/4391/pdf?version=1697469256" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="The Gut–Brain Axis in Schizophrenia: The Implications of the Gut Microbiome and SCFA Production" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/15/20/4391">The Gut–Brain Axis in Schizophrenia: The Implications of the Gut Microbiome and SCFA Production</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Songhyun Ju</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yoonhwa Shin</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sunhee Han</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Juhui Kwon</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Tae Gyu Choi</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Insug Kang</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sung Soo Kim</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(20), 4391; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15204391">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15204391</a> - 16 Oct 2023 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/15/20/4391#metrics">Cited by 12</a> | Viewed by 6859 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Schizophrenia, a severe mental illness affecting about 1% of the population, manifests during young adulthood, leading to abnormal mental function and behavior. Its multifactorial etiology involves genetic factors, experiences of adversity, infection, and gene–environment interactions. Emerging research indicates that maternal infection or stress <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/20/4391/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Schizophrenia, a severe mental illness affecting about 1% of the population, manifests during young adulthood, leading to abnormal mental function and behavior. Its multifactorial etiology involves genetic factors, experiences of adversity, infection, and gene–environment interactions. Emerging research indicates that maternal infection or stress during pregnancy may also increase schizophrenia risk in offspring. Recent research on the gut–brain axis highlights the gut microbiome’s potential influence on central nervous system (CNS) function and mental health, including schizophrenia. The gut microbiota, located in the digestive system, has a significant role to play in human physiology, affecting immune system development, vitamin synthesis, and protection against pathogenic bacteria. Disruptions to the gut microbiota, caused by diet, medication use, environmental pollutants, and stress, may lead to imbalances with far-reaching effects on CNS function and mental health. Of interest are short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), metabolic byproducts produced by gut microbes during fermentation. SCFAs can cross the blood–brain barrier, influencing CNS activity, including microglia and cytokine modulation. The dysregulation of neurotransmitters produced by gut microbes may contribute to CNS disorders, including schizophrenia. This review explores the potential relationship between SCFAs, the gut microbiome, and schizophrenia. Our aim is to deepen the understanding of the gut–brain axis in schizophrenia and to elucidate its implications for future research and therapeutic approaches. <a href="/2072-6643/15/20/4391">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/8054138EJT ">Effects of Diet–Microbiome Interactions on Chronic Diseases</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/20/4391/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1261013"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1261013"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1261013" data-cycle-prev="#prev1261013" data-cycle-progressive="#images1261013" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1261013-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04391/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04391-g001-550.jpg?1697469339" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1261013" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1261013-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04391/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04391-g002-550.jpg?1697469341'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1261013-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04391/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04391-g003-550.jpg?1697469342'><p>Figure 3</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1261013-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04391/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04391-g001-550.jpg?1697469339" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Various factors that can trigger schizophrenia.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/20/4391'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04391/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04391-g002-550.jpg?1697469341" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Influences on gut microbiota composition.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/20/4391'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04391/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04391-g003-550.jpg?1697469342" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Microbiota–gut–brain axis.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/20/4391'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1249028" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1249028" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1249028" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1249028" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2072-6643/15/19/4175/s1?version=1695813422"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 740 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 17 pages, 809 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/15/19/4175/pdf?version=1695813422" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Effect of Continuous Ingestion of Bifidobacteria and Dietary Fiber on Improvement in Cognitive Function: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label feature" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-feature" aria-expanded="false">Feature Paper</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/15/19/4175">Effect of Continuous Ingestion of Bifidobacteria and Dietary Fiber on Improvement in Cognitive Function: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Naoki Azuma</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Takashi Mawatari</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yasuo Saito</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Masashi Tsukamoto</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Masatoshi Sampei</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yoshitaka Iwama</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(19), 4175; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15194175">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15194175</a> - 27 Sep 2023 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/15/19/4175#metrics">Cited by 12</a> | Viewed by 4325 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> <i>Bifidobacterium animalis</i> subsp. <i>lactis</i> GCL2505 has been shown to have some positive effects on health, including improved defecation frequency and reduced visceral fat. These effects are thought to be due to GCL2505′s unique ability to reach the intestine in a viable form and proliferate <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/19/4175/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> <i>Bifidobacterium animalis</i> subsp. <i>lactis</i> GCL2505 has been shown to have some positive effects on health, including improved defecation frequency and reduced visceral fat. These effects are thought to be due to GCL2505′s unique ability to reach the intestine in a viable form and proliferate after a single intake. This leads to an increased number of intestinal bifidobacteria. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study was conducted to confirm that intake of GCL2505 and inulin (a prebiotic) improve cognitive function (<i>n</i> = 80). Participants consumed test drinks containing 1 × 10<sup>10</sup> colony-forming units of GCL2505 per 100 g and 2.0 g of inulin per 100 g for 12 weeks. The change in cognitive function assessment scores was set as the primary endpoint. There were significant improvements in scores in the neurocognitive index domain, which is an assessment of overall cognitive function, in addition to overall attention, cognitive flexibility, and executive function domains. The intervention significantly increased the number of fecal bifidobacteria and affected the levels of several inflammatory markers. These results suggest that intake of GCL2505 and inulin improves cognitive function by improving the intestinal environment and alleviating inflammation. <a href="/2072-6643/15/19/4175">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/44ODO4M2WJ ">The Impact of Probiotics/Prebiotics and Functional Foods in Human Health</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/19/4175/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1249028"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1249028"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1249028" data-cycle-prev="#prev1249028" data-cycle-progressive="#images1249028" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1249028-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04175/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04175-g001-550.jpg?1695813499" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1249028" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1249028-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04175/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04175-g002-550.jpg?1695813500'><p>Figure 2</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1249028-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04175/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04175-g001-550.jpg?1695813499" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Flowchart of participant selection.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/19/4175'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04175/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04175-g002-550.jpg?1695813500" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Changes in fecal bifidobacteria (<b>A</b>) and in serum BDNF (<b>B</b>) in the placebo (<span class="html-italic">n</span> = 35) and active (<span class="html-italic">n</span> = 32) groups during the study period. Values are means, with error bars as standard deviation. Double number signs (##) indicate <span class="html-italic">p</span>-value &lt; 0.01 as a result of intra-group difference (week 0 vs. week 12; paired <span class="html-italic">t</span>-test). Asterisk (*) indicates <span class="html-italic">p</span>-value &lt; 0.05 as a result of inter-group difference (the placebo group vs. the active group; unpaired <span class="html-italic">t</span>-test).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/19/4175'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1241586" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 25 pages, 4097 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/15/18/4023/pdf?version=1695353701" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Aspartic Acid in Health and Disease" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/15/18/4023">Aspartic Acid in Health and Disease</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Milan Holeček</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(18), 4023; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15184023">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15184023</a> - 17 Sep 2023 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/15/18/4023#metrics">Cited by 30</a> | Viewed by 8057 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Aspartic acid exists in L- and D-isoforms (L-Asp and D-Asp). Most L-Asp is synthesized by mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase from oxaloacetate and glutamate acquired by glutamine deamidation, particularly in the liver and tumor cells, and transamination of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), particularly in muscles. <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/18/4023/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Aspartic acid exists in L- and D-isoforms (L-Asp and D-Asp). Most L-Asp is synthesized by mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase from oxaloacetate and glutamate acquired by glutamine deamidation, particularly in the liver and tumor cells, and transamination of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), particularly in muscles. The main source of D-Asp is the racemization of L-Asp. L-Asp transported via aspartate–glutamate carrier to the cytosol is used in protein and nucleotide synthesis, gluconeogenesis, urea, and purine-nucleotide cycles, and neurotransmission and via the malate–aspartate shuttle maintains NADH delivery to mitochondria and redox balance. L-Asp released from neurons connects with the glutamate–glutamine cycle and ensures glycolysis and ammonia detoxification in astrocytes. D-Asp has a role in brain development and hypothalamus regulation. The hereditary disorders in L-Asp metabolism include citrullinemia, asparagine synthetase deficiency, Canavan disease, and dicarboxylic aminoaciduria. L-Asp plays a role in the pathogenesis of psychiatric and neurologic disorders and alterations in BCAA levels in diabetes and hyperammonemia. Further research is needed to examine the targeting of L-Asp metabolism as a strategy to fight cancer, the use of L-Asp as a dietary supplement, and the risks of increased L-Asp consumption. The role of D-Asp in the brain warrants studies on its therapeutic potential in psychiatric and neurologic disorders. <a href="/2072-6643/15/18/4023">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Protein">Proteins and Amino Acids</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/18/4023/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1241586"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1241586"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1241586" data-cycle-prev="#prev1241586" data-cycle-progressive="#images1241586" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1241586-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04023/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04023-g001-550.jpg?1695353790" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1241586" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1241586-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04023/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04023-g002-550.jpg?1695353791'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1241586-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04023/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04023-g003-550.jpg?1695353792'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1241586-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04023/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04023-g004-550.jpg?1695353793'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1241586-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04023/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04023-g005-550.jpg?1695353794'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1241586-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04023/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04023-g006-550.jpg?1695353796'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1241586-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04023/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04023-g007-550.jpg?1695353797'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1241586-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04023/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04023-g008-550.jpg?1695353798'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1241586-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04023/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04023-g009-550.jpg?1695353799'><p>Figure 9</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1241586-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04023/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04023-g001-550.jpg?1695353790" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p><b>Schematic outline of the physiologic importance of L-Asp</b>. Some metabolic pathways are tissue-specific.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/18/4023'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04023/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04023-g002-550.jpg?1695353791" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p><b>The origin of L-Asp in the liver and skeletal muscle.</b> The main source of L-Asp is its synthesis from oxaloacetate and glutamate by mAST. The source of oxaloacetate is the citric acid cycle, and the main source of glutamate is glutamine in the liver, whereas the BCAAs are the main donor of amino groups for glutamate synthesis in muscles. The reactions showing the role of glutamine and BCAA in L-Asp synthesis are shown by red arrows. 1, mAST; 2, cAST; 3, glutaminase; and 4, BCAA aminotransferase. Abbreviations: AA, amino acids; AGC, aspartate–glutamate carrier; BCAA, branched-chain amino acids; BCKA, branched-chain keto acids; CAC, citric acid cycle; EAAT, excitatory amino acid transporter; LAT1, large neutral amino acid transporter 1; Mal, malate; OA, oxaloacetate; OGC, 2-oxoglutarate carrier; SNAT, sodium-neutral amino acid transporter; UCP2, uncoupling protein 2; and 2-OG, 2-oxoglutarate.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/18/4023'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04023/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04023-g003-550.jpg?1695353792" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p><b>MAS and its relationship to glycolysis and citric acid cycle.</b> The MAS consists of AGC1/2 and 2-oxoglutarate carrier (OGC) and two enzymes, malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and AST, found both in the mitochondria and the cytosol. The reactions of MAS are shown by red arrows. 1, cAST; 2, cMDH; 3, mMDH; 4, mAST; 5, 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde dehydrogenase; 6, lactate dehydrogenase; 7, isocitrate dehydrogenase; and 8, 2-OG dehydrogenase complex. Abbreviations: AGC1/2, aspartate–glutamate carrier 1/2; CAC, citric acid cycle; GA-3-P, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate; Mal, malate; OA, oxaloacetate; OGC, 2-oxoglutarate carrier; PC, pyruvate carrier; Pyr, pyruvate; 1,3-BPG, 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate; 2-OG, 2-oxoglutarate.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/18/4023'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04023/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04023-g004-550.jpg?1695353793" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p><b>L-Asp and cell proliferation</b>. L-Asp is essential for maintaining redox balance and the synthesis of purine/pyrimidine bases, polyamines, proteins, and asparagine. 1, Asparagine synthetase; 2, asparaginase. Abbreviations: ODC, ornithine decarboxylase; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/18/4023'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04023/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04023-g005-550.jpg?1695353794" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p><b>The role of L-Asp in urea cycle and gluconeogenesis.</b> L-Asp delivered from the mitochondria to the cytosol can enter gluconeogenesis via oxaloacetate synthesized directly by cAST or through the urea cycle. The reactions showing the role of L-Asp in the urea cycle and gluconeogenesis are shown by red arrows. 1, mAST; 2, cAST; 3, cMDH; 4, mMDH; 5, argininosuccinate synthetase; 6, argininosuccinate lyase; 7, fumarate hydratase; 8, arginase; 9, glutamate dehydrogenase; 10, glutaminase; 11, carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1; 12, ornithine carbamoyltransferase; 13, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase; and 14, 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde dehydrogenase. Abbreviations: AGC2, aspartate–glutamate carrier 2; AS, argininosuccinate; CAC, citric acid cycle; Fum, fumarate; Mal, malate; OA, oxaloacetate; OGC, 2-oxoglutarate carrier; OrC, ornithine/citrulline carrier; PEP, phosphoenolpyruvate; Pi, inorganic phosphate; UC, urea cycle; UCP2, uncoupling protein 2; and 2-OG, 2-oxoglutarate.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/18/4023'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04023/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04023-g006-550.jpg?1695353796" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p><b>Putative role of L-Asp in PNC and alanine and glutamine synthesis in muscles.</b> The main pathways are shown by red arrows. 1, mAST; 2, cAST; 3, cMDH; 4, mMDH; 5, BCAA aminotransferase; 6, BCKA dehydrogenase; 7, ALT; 8, glutamine synthetase; 9, adenylosuccinate synthetase; 10, adenylosuccinate lyase; 11, adenylate deaminase; 12, fumarase; 13, ATPases; 14, creatine kinase; 15, adenylate kinase (myokinase); and 16, 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde dehydrogenase. Abbreviations: AdS, adenylosuccinate; AGC1, aspartate–glutamate carrier 1; ASCT1, alanine, serine, cysteine, and threonine carrier 1; BCAA, branched-chain amino acids; BCA-CoA, branched-chain acyl-CoA; BCKA, branched-chain keto acids; CAC, citric acid cycle; Cr, creatine; CrP, creatine phosphate; Fum, fumarate; GLUT, glucose transporter; IMP, inosine monophosphate; LAT1, large neutral amino acid transporter 1; Mal, malate; MCT, monocarboxylate transporter; OA, oxaloacetate; OGC, 2-oxoglutarate carrier; PC, pyruvate carrier; Pi, inorganic phosphate; PNC, purine-nucleotide cycle; Pyr, pyruvate; and 2-OG, 2-oxoglutarate.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/18/4023'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04023/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04023-g007-550.jpg?1695353797" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p><b>L-Asp and interaction between neurons and astrocytes</b>. L-Asp released from neurons ensures glycolysis, redox balance, and ammonia detoxification to glutamine in astrocytes. The main pathways are shown by red arrows. 1, mAST; 2, cAST; 3, cMDH; 4, mMDH; 5, glutamine synthetase; 6, glutaminase; 7, BCAA aminotransferase; 8, aspartate N-acyltransferase; and 9, aspartoacylase. Abbreviations: AGC1, aspartate–glutamate carrier 1; BCAA, branched-chain amino acids; BCKA, branched-chain keto acids; CAC, citric acid cycle; CT, carboxylate transporter; EAAT, excitatory amino acid transporter; LAT1, large neutral amino acid transporter 1; Mal, malate; NAA, N-acetyl-L-aspartate; OA, oxaloacetate; OGC, 2-oxoglutarate carrier; SNAT, sodium-neutral amino acid transporter; and 2-OG, 2-oxoglutarate.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/18/4023'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04023/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04023-g008-550.jpg?1695353798" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p><b>Schematic of the relationship of L-Asp and glutamate–glutamine cycle.</b> L-Asp acquired by astrocytes from neurons connects to the glutamate–glutamine cycle via glutamate formed by cAST. The glutamate–glutamine cycle is shown by red arrows. 1, glutaminase; 2, glutamine synthetase; 3, cAST; 4, cMDH. Abbreviations: CAC, citric acid cycle; Mal, malate; OA, oxaloacetate; OGC, 2-oxoglutarate carrier; and 2-OG, 2-oxoglutarate.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/18/4023'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-04023/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-04023-g009-550.jpg?1695353799" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p><b>Predicted benefits of L-Asp supplementation</b>.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/18/4023'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1234978" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 27 pages, 1920 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/15/18/3899/pdf?version=1694080396" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="The Role of Lipids in the Regulation of Immune Responses" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/15/18/3899">The Role of Lipids in the Regulation of Immune Responses</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Chelsea Garcia</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Catherine J. Andersen</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Christopher N. Blesso</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(18), 3899; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15183899">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15183899</a> - 7 Sep 2023 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/15/18/3899#metrics">Cited by 20</a> | Viewed by 4531 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Lipid metabolism plays a major role in the regulation of the immune system. Exogenous (dietary and microbial-derived) and endogenous (non-microbial-derived) lipids play a direct role in regulating immune cell activation, differentiation and expansion, and inflammatory phenotypes. Understanding the complexities of lipid–immune interactions may <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/18/3899/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Lipid metabolism plays a major role in the regulation of the immune system. Exogenous (dietary and microbial-derived) and endogenous (non-microbial-derived) lipids play a direct role in regulating immune cell activation, differentiation and expansion, and inflammatory phenotypes. Understanding the complexities of lipid–immune interactions may have important implications for human health, as certain lipids or immune pathways may be beneficial in circumstances of acute infection yet detrimental in chronic inflammatory diseases. Further, there are key differences in the lipid effects between specific immune cell types and location (e.g., gut mucosal vs. systemic immune cells), suggesting that the immunomodulatory properties of lipids may be tissue-compartment-specific, although the direct effect of dietary lipids on the mucosal immune system warrants further investigation. Importantly, there is recent evidence to suggest that lipid–immune interactions are dependent on sex, metabolic status, and the gut microbiome in preclinical models. While the lipid–immune relationship has not been adequately established in/translated to humans, research is warranted to evaluate the differences in lipid–immune interactions across individuals and whether the optimization of lipid–immune interactions requires precision nutrition approaches to mitigate or manage disease. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms by which lipids regulate immune responses and the influence of dietary lipids on these processes, highlighting compelling areas for future research. <a href="/2072-6643/15/18/3899">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Nutritional_Immunology">Nutritional Immunology</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/18/3899/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1234978"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1234978"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1234978" data-cycle-prev="#prev1234978" data-cycle-progressive="#images1234978" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1234978-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03899/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03899-g001-550.jpg?1694080463" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1234978" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1234978-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03899/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03899-g002-550.jpg?1694080464'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1234978-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03899/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03899-g003-550.jpg?1694080466'><p>Figure 3</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1234978-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03899/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03899-g001-550.jpg?1694080463" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>The effects of saturated fatty acids and cholesterol on innate, adaptive, and mucosal immune cells. Abbreviations: ↑, increase; ↓, decrease; Ccl2, chemokine ligand 2; CD4, cluster of differentiation 4; CD8, cluster of differentiation 8; CD103, cluster of differentiation 103; CH, cholesterol; Cxcl10, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10; IL, interleukin; ILC3, type 3 innate lymphoid cell; Mcp1, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; Nod2, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2; SFA, saturated fatty acids; Th1, T helper type 1 cells; Th17, T helper type 17 cells; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/18/3899'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03899/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03899-g002-550.jpg?1694080464" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>The effects of unsaturated fatty acids on innate, adaptive, and mucosal immune cells. Abbreviations: ↑, increase; ↔, no change; ↓, decrease; Ccl2, chemokine ligand 2; DHA, docosahexaenoic acid; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid; HUVECs, human umbilical vein endothelial cells; Il1b, interleukin1b; LCPUFA, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid; Tnf, tumor necrosis factor.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/18/3899'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03899/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03899-g003-550.jpg?1694080466" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>The effects of sphingolipids on innate, adaptive, and mucosal immune cells. Abbreviations: ↑, increase; ↓, decrease; Ccl2, chemokine ligand 2; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; Tnf, tumor necrosis factor.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/18/3899'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1234041" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 18 pages, 1628 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/15/18/3881/pdf?version=1693991541" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="The Commonly Used Stabilizers for Phytochemical-Based Nanoparticles: Stabilization Effects, Mechanisms, and Applications" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/15/18/3881">The Commonly Used Stabilizers for Phytochemical-Based Nanoparticles: Stabilization Effects, Mechanisms, and Applications</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Fang Zhou</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Tiffany Peterson</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Zhaoyang Fan</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Shu Wang</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(18), 3881; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15183881">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15183881</a> - 6 Sep 2023 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/15/18/3881#metrics">Cited by 11</a> | Viewed by 1940 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Phytochemicals, such as resveratrol, curcumin, and quercetin, have many benefits for health, but most of them have a low bioavailability due to their poor water solubility and stability, quick metabolism, and clearance, which restricts the scope of their potential applications. To overcome these <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/18/3881/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Phytochemicals, such as resveratrol, curcumin, and quercetin, have many benefits for health, but most of them have a low bioavailability due to their poor water solubility and stability, quick metabolism, and clearance, which restricts the scope of their potential applications. To overcome these issues, different types of nanoparticles (NPs), especially biocompatible and biodegradable NPs, have been developed. NPs can carry phytochemicals and increase their solubility, stability, target specificity, and oral bioavailability. However, NPs are prone to irreversible aggregation, which leads to NP instability and loss of functions. To remedy this shortcoming, stabilizers like polymers and surfactants are incorporated on NPs. Stabilizers not only increase the stability of NPs, but also improve their characteristics. The current review focused on discussing the state of the art in research on synthesizing phytochemical-based NPs and their commonly employed stabilizers. Furthermore, stabilizers in these NPs were also discussed in terms of their applications, effects, and underlying mechanisms. This review aimed to provide more references for developing stabilizers and NPs for future research. <a href="/2072-6643/15/18/3881">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/nanotechnology_nutrients ">Nanotechnology Applied to the Effects of Nutrients on Chronic Diseases</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/18/3881/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1234041"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1234041"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1234041" data-cycle-prev="#prev1234041" data-cycle-progressive="#images1234041" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1234041-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03881/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03881-g001-550.jpg?1693991643" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1234041" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1234041-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03881/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03881-g002-550.jpg?1693991644'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1234041-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03881/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03881-g003-550.jpg?1693991645'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1234041-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03881/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03881-g004-550.jpg?1693991645'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1234041-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03881/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03881-g005-550.jpg?1693991646'><p>Figure 5</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1234041-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03881/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03881-g001-550.jpg?1693991643" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>The chemical structure of CS based on the PubChem database [<a href="#B37-nutrients-15-03881" class="html-bibr">37</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/18/3881'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03881/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03881-g002-550.jpg?1693991644" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>The chemical structures of (<b>A</b>) tea saponin, (<b>B</b>) glycyrrhizin, and (<b>C</b>) quillaja saponin based on the PubChem database [<a href="#B37-nutrients-15-03881" class="html-bibr">37</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/18/3881'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03881/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03881-g003-550.jpg?1693991645" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>The chemical structure of β-cyclodextrin based on the PubChem database [<a href="#B37-nutrients-15-03881" class="html-bibr">37</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/18/3881'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03881/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03881-g004-550.jpg?1693991645" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>The chemical structure of PEGs based on the PubChem database [<a href="#B37-nutrients-15-03881" class="html-bibr">37</a>,<a href="#B113-nutrients-15-03881" class="html-bibr">113</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/18/3881'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03881/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03881-g005-550.jpg?1693991646" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>The chemical structure of lentinan (<b>A</b>), lactoferrin (<b>B</b>), and trehalose (<b>C</b>) based on the PubChem database [<a href="#B37-nutrients-15-03881" class="html-bibr">37</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/18/3881'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1231840" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 33 pages, 2782 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/15/17/3842/pdf?version=1693819862" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Infections and Autoimmunity—The Immune System and Vitamin D: A Systematic Review" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/15/17/3842">Infections and Autoimmunity—The Immune System and Vitamin D: A Systematic Review</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sunil J. Wimalawansa</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(17), 3842; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15173842">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15173842</a> - 2 Sep 2023 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/15/17/3842#metrics">Cited by 21</a> | Viewed by 9494 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Both 25-autoimmunity and(25(OH)D: calcifediol) and its active form, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D: calcitriol), play critical roles in protecting humans from invasive pathogens, reducing risks of autoimmunity, and maintaining health. Conversely, low 25(OH)D status increases susceptibility to infections and developing autoimmunity. This systematic <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/17/3842/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Both 25-autoimmunity and(25(OH)D: calcifediol) and its active form, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D: calcitriol), play critical roles in protecting humans from invasive pathogens, reducing risks of autoimmunity, and maintaining health. Conversely, low 25(OH)D status increases susceptibility to infections and developing autoimmunity. This systematic review examines vitamin D’s mechanisms and effects on enhancing innate and acquired immunity against microbes and preventing autoimmunity. The study evaluated the quality of evidence regarding biology, physiology, and aspects of human health on vitamin D related to infections and autoimmunity in peer-reviewed journal articles published in English. The search and analyses followed PRISMA guidelines. Data strongly suggested that maintaining serum 25(OH)D concentrations of more than 50 ng/mL is associated with significant risk reduction from viral and bacterial infections, sepsis, and autoimmunity. Most adequately powered, well-designed, randomized controlled trials with sufficient duration supported substantial benefits of vitamin D. Virtually all studies that failed to conclude benefits or were ambiguous had major study design errors. Treatment of vitamin D deficiency costs less than 0.01% of the cost of investigation of worsening comorbidities associated with hypovitaminosis D. Despite cost-benefits, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency remains high worldwide. This was clear among those who died from COVID-19 in 2020/21—most had severe vitamin D deficiency. Yet, the lack of direction from health agencies and insurance companies on using vitamin D as an adjunct therapy is astonishing. Data confirmed that keeping an individual’s serum 25(OH)D concentrations above 50 ng/mL (125 nmol/L) (and above 40 ng/mL in the population) reduces risks from community outbreaks, sepsis, and autoimmune disorders. Maintaining such concentrations in 97.5% of people is achievable through daily safe sun exposure (except in countries far from the equator during winter) or taking between 5000 and 8000 IU vitamin D supplements daily (average dose, for non-obese adults, ~70 to 90 IU/kg body weight). Those with gastrointestinal malabsorption, obesity, or on medications that increase the catabolism of vitamin D and a few other specific disorders require much higher intake. This systematic review evaluates non-classical actions of vitamin D, with particular emphasis on infection and autoimmunity related to the immune system. <a href="/2072-6643/15/17/3842">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/0MTW8OIUZ9 ">Nutrition, Immune Responses and Autoimmune Diseases</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/17/3842/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1231840"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1231840"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1231840" data-cycle-prev="#prev1231840" data-cycle-progressive="#images1231840" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1231840-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03842/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03842-g001-550.jpg?1693966358" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1231840" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1231840-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03842/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03842-g002-550.jpg?1693966361'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1231840-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03842/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03842-g003-550.jpg?1693966363'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1231840-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03842/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03842-g004-550.jpg?1693966365'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1231840-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03842/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03842-g005-550.jpg?1693966367'><p>Figure 5</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1231840-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03842/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03842-g001-550.jpg?1693966358" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>PRISMA flow chart. Selection path of reference to advances in knowledge of vitamin D with particular emphasis on infections, autoimmunity, and the immune system.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/17/3842'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03842/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03842-g002-550.jpg?1693966361" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Relationships between vitamin D and a spectrum of non-skeletal diseases and disorders associated with vitamin D deficiency. The complicated relationships between beneficial 25(OH)D concentrations (sufficiency) and various organ systems in the body and diseases are depicted. Top panel (light green background)—vitamin D sufficiency: White ovals—mode of vitamin D generation/entry to the body. Yellow ovals—system dysfunction. Green ovals—endocrine functions of vitamin D (circulating 1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D: calcitriol) on calcium metabolism. Bottom panela (light yellow background)— vitamin D deficiency: Dark blue ovals—functional and pathophysiological relationships with tissues and organ systems. Light blue ovals—metabolic dysfunctions associated with hypovitaminosis D. Abbreviations: Ca<sup>++</sup>, calcium; FGF23, fibroblast growth factor-23; IR, insulin resistance; Mg<sup>++</sup>, magnesium; UV, ultraviolet rays. Arrows indicate increased (improved) or decreased incidence or severity (modified from Wimalawansa 2012 and 2016 [<a href="#B30-nutrients-15-03842" class="html-bibr">30</a>,<a href="#B31-nutrients-15-03842" class="html-bibr">31</a>]).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/17/3842'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03842/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03842-g003-550.jpg?1693966363" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Major negative consequences are categorized into groups of chronic vitamin D deficiency.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/17/3842'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03842/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03842-g004-550.jpg?1693966365" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Different diseases (and tissues) require different steady-state serum 25(OH)D concentrations to achieve improvement: the need for varied serum 25(OH)D concentrations to subdue various disease statuses is illustrated (modified from Wimalawansa, S.J. Steroid Biochemistry [<a href="#B31-nutrients-15-03842" class="html-bibr">31</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/17/3842'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03842/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03842-g005-550.jpg?1693966367" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Illustration of the dose/25(OH)D concentrations achieved in the circulation vs. responses (clinical health benefits and potential risks). It also provides the basic pharmacodynamics of a typical nutrient, taking vitamin D as an example. When tissue sufficiency occurred, generally, there would not be additional benefits by raising the circulatory concentration by increasing the intake. However, there are exceptions in a small percentage; pharmacological doses are needed under medical guidance in less than 0.01% of the population to overcome resistance to achieve the desired clinical goals (indicated in the dashed blue line) [<a href="#B115-nutrients-15-03842" class="html-bibr">115</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/17/3842'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1225534" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1225534" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1225534" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1225534" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2072-6643/15/17/3735/s1?version=1692972306"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 141 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 12 pages, 729 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/15/17/3735/pdf?version=1693983187" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="High Dietary Phosphorus Is Associated with Increased Breast Cancer Risk in a U.S. Cohort of Middle-Aged Women" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/15/17/3735">High Dietary Phosphorus Is Associated with Increased Breast Cancer Risk in a U.S. Cohort of Middle-Aged Women</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ronald B. Brown</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Philip Bigelow</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Joel A. Dubin</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>John G. Mielke</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(17), 3735; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15173735">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15173735</a> - 25 Aug 2023 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/15/17/3735#metrics">Cited by 7</a> | Viewed by 16277 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Research has shown that high amounts of dietary phosphorus that are twice the amount of the U.S. dietary reference intake of 700 mg for adults are associated with all-cause mortality, phosphate toxicity, and tumorigenesis. The present nested case–control study measured the relative risk <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/17/3735/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Research has shown that high amounts of dietary phosphorus that are twice the amount of the U.S. dietary reference intake of 700 mg for adults are associated with all-cause mortality, phosphate toxicity, and tumorigenesis. The present nested case–control study measured the relative risk of self-reported breast cancer associated with dietary phosphate intake over 10 annual visits in a cohort of middle-aged U.S. women from the Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation. Analyzing data from food frequency questionnaires, the highest level of daily dietary phosphorus intake, >1800 mg of phosphorus, was approximately equivalent to the dietary phosphorus levels in menus promoted by the United States Department of Agriculture. After adjusting for participants’ energy intake, this level of dietary phosphorus was associated with a 2.3-fold increased risk of breast cancer incidence compared to the reference dietary phosphorus level of 800 to 1000 mg, which is based on recommendations from the U.S. National Kidney Foundation, (RR: 2.30, 95% CI: 0.94–5.61, <i>p</i> = 0.07). Despite the lack of statistical significance, likely due to the small sample size of the cohort, the present nested case–control study’s clinically significant effect size, dose–response, temporality, specificity, biological plausibility, consistency, coherence, and analogy with other research findings meet the criteria for inferred causality in observational studies, warranting further investigations. Furthermore, these findings suggest that a low-phosphate diet should be tested on patients with breast cancer. <a href="/2072-6643/15/17/3735">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/BB1QAYF269 ">Editorial Board Members’ Collection Series: Dietary Patterns and Cancer</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/17/3735/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1225534"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1225534"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1225534" data-cycle-prev="#prev1225534" data-cycle-progressive="#images1225534" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1225534-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03735/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03735-ag-550.jpg?1693983298" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Graphical abstract</p></div><script id="images1225534" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1225534-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03735/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03735-g001-550.jpg?1693983296'><p>Figure 1</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1225534-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03735/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03735-g002-550.jpg?1693983297'><p>Figure 2</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1225534-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03735/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03735-ag-550.jpg?1693983298" title=" <strong>Graphical abstract</strong><br/><strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/17/3735'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03735/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03735-g001-550.jpg?1693983296" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Proportion of SWAN participants, based on About SWAN—Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation, <a href="http://swanstudy.org" target="_blank">swanstudy.org</a> (accessed on 2 July 2023) [<a href="#B44-nutrients-15-03735" class="html-bibr">44</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/17/3735'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03735/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03735-g002-550.jpg?1693983297" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Risks of breast cancer incidence associated with categories of dietary P.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/17/3735'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1224171" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 23 pages, 1110 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/15/17/3703/pdf?version=1692871296" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="The Role of Nutrition in the Treatment of Sarcopenia in Old Patients: From Restoration of Mitochondrial Activity to Improvement of Muscle Performance, a Systematic Review" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Systematic Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/15/17/3703">The Role of Nutrition in the Treatment of Sarcopenia in Old Patients: From Restoration of Mitochondrial Activity to Improvement of Muscle Performance, a Systematic Review</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Camille Cochet</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Giulia Belloni</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ilaria Buondonno</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Francesco Chiara</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Patrizia D’Amelio</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(17), 3703; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15173703">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15173703</a> - 24 Aug 2023 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/15/17/3703#metrics">Cited by 13</a> | Viewed by 4318 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Sarcopenia is an age-related disease characterized by loss of muscle strength, mass and performance. Malnutrition contributes to sarcopenia pathogenesis. The aim of this systematic review is to analyze existing evidence on the efficacy of nutritional supplementation on muscle and mitochondrial health among sarcopenic <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/17/3703/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Sarcopenia is an age-related disease characterized by loss of muscle strength, mass and performance. Malnutrition contributes to sarcopenia pathogenesis. The aim of this systematic review is to analyze existing evidence on the efficacy of nutritional supplementation on muscle and mitochondrial health among sarcopenic or malnourished older adults. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA), vitamin D and/or omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) on muscle mass, strength and performance and/or on mitochondrial activity and redox state in older sarcopenic and/or malnourished adults. The literature search was on MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane Central, restricted to articles published in the last 10 years (2012–2022). Twelve RCTs with a total of 1337 subjects were included. BCAA with vitamin D significantly ameliorates appendicular muscle mass (4 RCTs), hand grip strength (4 RCTs), gait speed (3 RCTs), short physical performance battery (3 RCTs) or chair stand test (3 RCTs) among six out of nine RCTs. BCAA alone (2 RCTs) or PUFA (1 RCT) were not effective in improving muscle health. Mitochondrial function was significantly improved by the administration of BCAA alone (1 RCT) or in association with vitamin D (1 RCT). In conclusion, BCAA in association with vitamin D may be useful in the treatment of sarcopenia and boost mitochondrial bioenergetic and redox activity. PROSPERO CRD42022332288. <a href="/2072-6643/15/17/3703">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/86R23COS2T ">Dietary Strategies for Prevention of Geriatric Diseases and Exploring the Mechanism of Aging</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/17/3703/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1224171"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1224171"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1224171" data-cycle-prev="#prev1224171" data-cycle-progressive="#images1224171" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1224171-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03703/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03703-g001-550.jpg?1692871410" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1224171" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1224171-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03703/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03703-g002-550.jpg?1692871412'><p>Figure 2</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1224171-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03703/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03703-g001-550.jpg?1692871410" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Study’s flow charts. Panel (<b>A</b>) shows the flow chart of the clinical part and panel (<b>B</b>) shows the flow chart of the biological part.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/17/3703'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03703/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03703-g002-550.jpg?1692871412" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Details of the evaluation of bias risk for each study [<a href="#B45-nutrients-15-03703" class="html-bibr">45</a>,<a href="#B47-nutrients-15-03703" class="html-bibr">47</a>,<a href="#B50-nutrients-15-03703" class="html-bibr">50</a>,<a href="#B57-nutrients-15-03703" class="html-bibr">57</a>,<a href="#B58-nutrients-15-03703" class="html-bibr">58</a>,<a href="#B59-nutrients-15-03703" class="html-bibr">59</a>,<a href="#B60-nutrients-15-03703" class="html-bibr">60</a>,<a href="#B61-nutrients-15-03703" class="html-bibr">61</a>,<a href="#B62-nutrients-15-03703" class="html-bibr">62</a>,<a href="#B63-nutrients-15-03703" class="html-bibr">63</a>,<a href="#B64-nutrients-15-03703" class="html-bibr">64</a>,<a href="#B65-nutrients-15-03703" class="html-bibr">65</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/17/3703'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1224282" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 16 pages, 2082 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/15/17/3706/pdf?version=1692873392" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Association of Selenium Levels with Neurodegenerative Disease: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Systematic Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/15/17/3706">Association of Selenium Levels with Neurodegenerative Disease: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jiaxin Zhou</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Wenfen Zhang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Zhiwen Cao</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Shaoyan Lian</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jieying Li</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jiaying Nie</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ying Huang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ke Zhao</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jiang He</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Chaoqun Liu</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(17), 3706; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15173706">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15173706</a> - 24 Aug 2023 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/15/17/3706#metrics">Cited by 12</a> | Viewed by 2855 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Background: Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) have posed significant challenges to public health, and it is crucial to understand their mechanisms in order to develop effective therapeutic strategies. Recent studies have highlighted the potential role of selenium in ND pathogenesis, as it plays a vital <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/17/3706/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Background: Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) have posed significant challenges to public health, and it is crucial to understand their mechanisms in order to develop effective therapeutic strategies. Recent studies have highlighted the potential role of selenium in ND pathogenesis, as it plays a vital role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and preventing oxidative damage. However, a comprehensive analysis of the association between selenium and NDs is still lacking. Method: Five public databases, namely PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane and Clinical Trials, were searched in our research. Random model effects were chosen, and Higgins inconsistency analyses (<i>I</i><sup>2</sup>), Cochrane’s Q test and Tau2 were calculated to evaluate the heterogeneity. Result: The association of selenium in ND patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Huntington’s disease (HD) was studied. A statistically significant relationship was only found for AD patients (SMD = −0.41, 95% CI (−0.64, −0.17), <i>p</i> < 0.001), especially for erythrocytes. However, no significant relationship was observed in the analysis of the other four diseases. Conclusion: Generally, this meta-analysis indicated that AD patients are strongly associated with lower selenium concentrations compared with healthy people, which may provide a clinical reference in the future. However, more studies are urgently needed for further study and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. <a href="/2072-6643/15/17/3706">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Micronutrients_Human_Health">Micronutrients and Human Health</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/17/3706/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1224282"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1224282"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1224282" data-cycle-prev="#prev1224282" data-cycle-progressive="#images1224282" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1224282-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03706/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03706-ag-550.jpg?1692873484" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Graphical abstract</p></div><script id="images1224282" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1224282-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03706/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03706-g001-550.jpg?1692873470'><p>Figure 1</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1224282-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03706/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03706-g002-550.jpg?1692873474'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1224282-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03706/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03706-g003-550.jpg?1692873478'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1224282-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03706/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03706-g004-550.jpg?1692873479'><p>Figure 4</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1224282-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03706/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03706-ag-550.jpg?1692873484" title=" <strong>Graphical abstract</strong><br/><strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/17/3706'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03706/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03706-g001-550.jpg?1692873470" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Flow diagram of the study search and selection in this meta-analysis.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/17/3706'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03706/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03706-g002-550.jpg?1692873474" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Forest plot showing the relationship between selenium level in neurodegenerative diseases patients and neurodegenerative diseases. (<b>a</b>) Relationship between selenium level in Alzheimer’s disease patients and Alzheimer’s disease [<a href="#B14-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">14</a>,<a href="#B15-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">15</a>,<a href="#B16-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">16</a>,<a href="#B17-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">17</a>,<a href="#B25-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">25</a>,<a href="#B26-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">26</a>,<a href="#B27-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">27</a>,<a href="#B28-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">28</a>,<a href="#B29-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">29</a>,<a href="#B30-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">30</a>,<a href="#B31-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">31</a>,<a href="#B32-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">32</a>,<a href="#B33-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">33</a>,<a href="#B34-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">34</a>,<a href="#B35-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">35</a>,<a href="#B36-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">36</a>,<a href="#B38-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">38</a>,<a href="#B39-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">39</a>,<a href="#B40-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">40</a>,<a href="#B41-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">41</a>,<a href="#B42-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">42</a>,<a href="#B43-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">43</a>]; (<b>b</b>) relationship between selenium level in Parkinson’s disease patients and Parkinson’s disease [<a href="#B44-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">44</a>,<a href="#B45-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">45</a>,<a href="#B46-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">46</a>,<a href="#B47-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">47</a>,<a href="#B48-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">48</a>,<a href="#B49-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">49</a>,<a href="#B50-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">50</a>,<a href="#B51-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">51</a>,<a href="#B52-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">52</a>]; (<b>c</b>) relationship between selenium level in multiple sclerosis patients and multiple sclerosis [<a href="#B53-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">53</a>,<a href="#B54-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">54</a>,<a href="#B55-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">55</a>,<a href="#B56-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">56</a>,<a href="#B57-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">57</a>,<a href="#B58-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">58</a>,<a href="#B60-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">60</a>,<a href="#B61-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">61</a>,<a href="#B62-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">62</a>,<a href="#B63-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">63</a>,<a href="#B64-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">64</a>,<a href="#B66-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">66</a>]; (<b>d</b>) relationship between selenium level in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis [<a href="#B59-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">59</a>,<a href="#B60-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">60</a>,<a href="#B61-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">61</a>,<a href="#B62-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">62</a>,<a href="#B63-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">63</a>,<a href="#B64-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">64</a>,<a href="#B66-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">66</a>]; (<b>e</b>) relationship between selenium level in Huntington’s disease patients and Huntington’s disease [<a href="#B67-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">67</a>]. Note: SD, standard deviation; Std. Mean Difference, standard mean difference; CI, confidence interval.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/17/3706'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03706/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03706-g003-550.jpg?1692873478" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Subgroup analysis between selenium levels of different tissue types in Alzheimer’s disease patients and Alzheimer’s disease. Serum/Plasma subgroup [<a href="#B14-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">14</a>,<a href="#B16-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">16</a>,<a href="#B27-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">27</a>,<a href="#B28-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">28</a>,<a href="#B29-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">29</a>,<a href="#B34-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">34</a>,<a href="#B35-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">35</a>,<a href="#B37-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">37</a>,<a href="#B38-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">38</a>,<a href="#B39-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">39</a>,<a href="#B42-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">42</a>]; Blood [<a href="#B17-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">17</a>,<a href="#B31-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">31</a>,<a href="#B43-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">43</a>]; Cerebrospinal Fluid [<a href="#B16-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">16</a>,<a href="#B34-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">34</a>]; Erythrocyte [<a href="#B30-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">30</a>,<a href="#B33-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">33</a>,<a href="#B34-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">34</a>,<a href="#B37-nutrients-15-03706" class="html-bibr">37</a>]. Note: CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; SD, standard deviation; Std. Mean Difference, standard mean difference; CI, confidence interval.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/17/3706'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03706/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03706-g004-550.jpg?1692873479" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>The funnel plots for the research for patients with different neurodegenerative diseases. (<b>a</b>) Analysis for Alzheimer’s disease; (<b>b</b>) analysis for Parkinson’s disease; (<b>c</b>) analysis for multiple sclerosis; (<b>d</b>) analysis for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/17/3706'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1221405" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 22 pages, 1056 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/15/16/3662/pdf?version=1692601113" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Nutrition, Physical Activity and Supplementation in Irritable Bowel Syndrome" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/15/16/3662">Nutrition, Physical Activity and Supplementation in Irritable Bowel Syndrome</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Marcelina Radziszewska</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Joanna Smarkusz-Zarzecka</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Lucyna Ostrowska</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(16), 3662; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15163662">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15163662</a> - 21 Aug 2023 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/15/16/3662#metrics">Cited by 9</a> | Viewed by 7777 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a chronic, recurrent functional disorder of the intestine diagnosed based on the Rome IV criteria. Individuals suffering from IBS often associate the severity of their symptoms with the food they consume, leading them to limit the variety of <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/16/3662/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a chronic, recurrent functional disorder of the intestine diagnosed based on the Rome IV criteria. Individuals suffering from IBS often associate the severity of their symptoms with the food they consume, leading them to limit the variety of foods they eat and seek information that could help them determine the appropriate selection of dietary items. Clear nutritional recommendations have not been established thus far. NICE recommends a rational approach to nutrition and, if necessary, the short-term implementation of a low FODMAP diet. Currently, the FODMAP diet holds the greatest significance among IBS patients, although it does not yield positive results for everyone affected. Other unconventional diets adopted by individuals with IBS lack supporting research on their effectiveness and may additionally lead to a deterioration in nutritional status, as they often eliminate foods with high nutritional value. The role of physical activity also raises questions, as previous studies have shown its beneficial effects on the physical and mental well-being of every individual, and it can further help alleviate symptoms among people with IBS. Supplementation can be a supportive element in therapy. Attention is drawn to the use of probiotics, vitamin D, and psyllium husk/ispaghula. This review aims to analyze the existing scientific research to determine the impact of various food items, physical activity, and dietary supplementation with specific components through dietary supplements on the course of IBS. <a href="/2072-6643/15/16/3662">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Sport_Nutrition">Sports Nutrition</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/16/3662/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1221405"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1221405"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1221405" data-cycle-prev="#prev1221405" data-cycle-progressive="#images1221405" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1221405-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03662/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03662-g001-550.jpg?1692601179" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1221405" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1221405-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03662/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03662-g002-550.jpg?1692601181'><p>Figure 2</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1221405-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03662/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03662-g001-550.jpg?1692601179" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>The conditions for inclusion and exclusion of articles.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/16/3662'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03662/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03662-g002-550.jpg?1692601181" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>General dietary recommendations for patients with IBS.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/16/3662'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1219299" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 15 pages, 1610 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/15/16/3614/pdf?version=1692774078" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Potential Epigenetic Effects of Human Milk on Infants’ Neurodevelopment" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/15/16/3614">Potential Epigenetic Effects of Human Milk on Infants’ Neurodevelopment</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Giannoula Gialeli</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ourania Panagopoulou</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Georgios Liosis</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Tania Siahanidou</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(16), 3614; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15163614">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15163614</a> - 17 Aug 2023 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/15/16/3614#metrics">Cited by 13</a> | Viewed by 6863 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> The advantages of human milk feeding, especially in preterm babies, are well recognized. Infants’ feeding with breast milk lowers the likelihood of developing a diverse range of non-communicable diseases later in life and it is also associated with improved neurodevelopmental outcomes. Although the <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/16/3614/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> The advantages of human milk feeding, especially in preterm babies, are well recognized. Infants’ feeding with breast milk lowers the likelihood of developing a diverse range of non-communicable diseases later in life and it is also associated with improved neurodevelopmental outcomes. Although the precise mechanisms through which human milk feeding is linked with infants’ neurodevelopment are still unknown, potential epigenetic effects of breast milk through its bioactive components, including non-coding RNAs, stem cells and microbiome, could at least partly explain this association. Micro- and long-non-coding RNAs, enclosed in milk exosomes, as well as breast milk stem cells, survive digestion, reach the circulation and can cross the blood–brain barrier. Certain non-coding RNAs potentially regulate genes implicated in brain development and function, whereas nestin-positive stem cells can possibly differentiate into neural cells or/and act as epigenetic regulators in the brain. Furthermore, breast milk microbiota contributes to the establishment of infant’s gut microbiome, which is implicated in brain development via epigenetic modifications and key molecules’ regulation. This narrative review provides an updated analysis of the relationship between breast milk feeding and infants’ neurodevelopment via epigenetics, pointing out how breast milk’s bioactive components could have an impact on the neurodevelopment of both full-term and preterm babies. <a href="/2072-6643/15/16/3614">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/8YA8BJD73Z ">Advances in Infant and Pediatric Feeding and Nutrition</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/16/3614/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1219299"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1219299"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1219299" data-cycle-prev="#prev1219299" data-cycle-progressive="#images1219299" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1219299-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03614/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03614-g001-550.jpg?1692774207" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1219299" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1219299-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03614/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03614-g002-550.jpg?1692774209'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1219299-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03614/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03614-g003-550.jpg?1692774211'><p>Figure 3</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1219299-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03614/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03614-g001-550.jpg?1692774207" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Potential mechanisms through which breast milk miRNAs and lncRNAs may be implicated in brain signaling cascade of breastfed infants. Mammary gland cells produce and release exosomes into the breast milk. Exosomes are taken up by the infant’s intestinal cells and are capable to cross the blood–brain barrier. Once inside brain cells, exosomes release their cargo (including miRNAs and lncRNAs). MiRNAs target mRNA and this binding results in modulation of gene expression. LncRNAs can interact with near protein coding genes and this interaction may involve cis-regulation of nearby genes or trans-regulation of genes in distant regions. Illustration created with <a href="http://BioRender.com" target="_blank">BioRender.com</a> accessed on 16 August 2023.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/16/3614'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03614/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03614-g002-550.jpg?1692774209" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Potential mechanisms through which breast milk stem cells may exert effects on brain signaling cascade of breastfed infants. During breastfeeding, the infant ingests breast milk containing stem cells, which may cross the blood–brain barrier. Once inside the brain, stem cells may release bioactive molecules, such miRNAs, exerting epigenetic effects, and also differentiate into neural lineages. Illustration created with <a href="http://BioRender.com" target="_blank">BioRender.com</a> accessed on 16 August 2023.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/16/3614'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03614/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03614-g003-550.jpg?1692774211" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Potential mechanisms through which breast milk microbiota may exert effects on brain signaling cascades of breastfed infants. Breast milk microbiome colonizes the infant’s gut and possibly shares similar epigenetic influences on the infant’s brain. Illustration created with <a href="http://BioRender.com" target="_blank">BioRender.com</a> accessed on 16 August 2023.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/16/3614'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1217215" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 27 pages, 818 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/15/16/3578/pdf?version=1692024486" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Natural Phytochemicals as SIRT Activators—Focus on Potential Biochemical Mechanisms" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/15/16/3578">Natural Phytochemicals as SIRT Activators—Focus on Potential Biochemical Mechanisms</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Michał Wiciński</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jakub Erdmann</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Agnieszka Nowacka</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Oskar Kuźmiński</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Klaudia Michalak</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Kacper Janowski</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jakub Ohla</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Adrian Biernaciak</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Monika Szambelan</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jan Zabrzyński</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(16), 3578; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15163578">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15163578</a> - 14 Aug 2023 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/15/16/3578#metrics">Cited by 24</a> | Viewed by 4003 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Sirtuins are a family of proteins with enzymatic activity. There are seven mammalian sirtuins (SIRT1-SIRT7) that are found in different cellular compartments. They are a part of crucial cellular pathways and are regulated by many factors, such as chemicals, environmental stress, and phytochemicals. <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/16/3578/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Sirtuins are a family of proteins with enzymatic activity. There are seven mammalian sirtuins (SIRT1-SIRT7) that are found in different cellular compartments. They are a part of crucial cellular pathways and are regulated by many factors, such as chemicals, environmental stress, and phytochemicals. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have presented their involvement in anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic processes. Recent findings imply that phytochemicals such as resveratrol, curcumin, quercetin, fisetin, berberine, and kaempferol may regulate the activity of sirtuins. Resveratrol mainly activates SIRT1 and indirectly activates AMPK. Curcumin influences mainly SIRT1 and SIRT3, but its activity is broad, and many pathways in different cells are affected. Quercetin mainly modulates SIRT1, which triggers antioxidant and antiapoptotic responses. Fisetin, through SIRT1 regulation, modifies lipid metabolism and anti-inflammatory processes. Berberine has a wide spectrum of effects and a significant impact on SIRT1 signaling pathways. Finally, kaempferol triggers anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects through SIRT1 induction. This review aims to summarize recent findings on the properties of phytochemicals in the modulation of sirtuin activity, with a particular focus on biochemical aspects. <a href="/2072-6643/15/16/3578">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Phytochemicals_Human_Health">Phytochemicals and Human Health</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/16/3578/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1217215-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03578/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03578-g001-550.jpg?1692024578" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div></div></div><div id="article-1217215-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03578/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03578-g001-550.jpg?1692024578" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Sirtuins and potential biochemical processes that may delay cellular senescence and prolong the organismal lifespan.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/16/3578'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1214551" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 14 pages, 1209 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/15/16/3525/pdf?version=1692086328" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Efficacy of Fasting in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Narrative Review" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/15/16/3525">Efficacy of Fasting in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Narrative Review</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Daniel Herz</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sandra Haupt</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Rebecca Tanja Zimmer</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Nadine Bianca Wachsmuth</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Janis Schierbauer</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Paul Zimmermann</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Thomas Voit</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ulrike Thurm</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Kayvan Khoramipour</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sian Rilstone</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Othmar Moser</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(16), 3525; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15163525">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15163525</a> - 10 Aug 2023 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/15/16/3525#metrics">Cited by 12</a> | Viewed by 9268 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Over the last decade, studies suggested that dietary behavior modification, including fasting, can improve metabolic and cardiovascular markers as well as body composition. Given the increasing prevalence of people with type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the increasing obesity <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/16/3525/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Over the last decade, studies suggested that dietary behavior modification, including fasting, can improve metabolic and cardiovascular markers as well as body composition. Given the increasing prevalence of people with type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the increasing obesity (also in combination with diabetes), nutritional therapies are gaining importance, besides pharmaceutical interventions. Fasting has demonstrated beneficial effects for both healthy individuals and those with metabolic diseases, leading to increased research interest in its impact on glycemia and associated short- and long-term complications. Therefore, this review aimed to investigate whether fasting can be used safely and effectively in addition to medications to support the therapy in T1DM and T2DM. A literature search on fasting and its interaction with diabetes was conducted via PubMed in September 2022. Fasting has the potential to minimize the risk of hypoglycemia in T1DM, lower glycaemic variability, and improve fat metabolism in T1DM and T2DM. It also increases insulin sensitivity, reduces endogenous glucose production in diabetes, lowers body weight, and improves body composition. To conclude, fasting is efficient for therapy management for both people with T1DM and T2DM and can be safely performed, when necessary, with the support of health care professionals. <a href="/2072-6643/15/16/3525">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/1D8T4Q04A9 ">The Effect of Dietary Interventions and Physical Activity on Diabetes, Overweight and Obesity</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/16/3525/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1214551"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1214551"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1214551" data-cycle-prev="#prev1214551" data-cycle-progressive="#images1214551" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1214551-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03525/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03525-g001-550.jpg?1692086413" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1214551" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1214551-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03525/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03525-g002-550.jpg?1692086415'><p>Figure 2</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1214551-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03525/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03525-g001-550.jpg?1692086413" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Representation of circulating glucagon and insulin in fasting periods. Taking the circadian rhythm into account, various endocrine factors are determined by diurnal fluctuations. These fluctuations are important for physiological processes to occur at the optimal time of day. Fasting already leads to changes in glucose and lipid metabolism in the first 48 h by promoting either catabolism with fatty acid oxidation and glycolysis or anabolism with lipogenesis and glycogenesis.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/16/3525'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03525/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03525-g002-550.jpg?1692086415" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Physiological mechanisms involved in the health effects of fasting. The lower semicircles refer to the relative effect of fasting on the different metabolic pathways involved. The upper semicircle represents the relationship between the circadian rhythm and some individual physiological effects at a given time of day within 24 h.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/16/3525'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1210530" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 34 pages, 2056 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/15/15/3454/pdf?version=1691136746" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Polyphenols and Their Impact on the Prevention of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Development" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/15/15/3454">Polyphenols and Their Impact on the Prevention of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Development</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Izabela Grabska-Kobyłecka</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Piotr Szpakowski</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Aleksandra Król</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Dominika Książek-Winiarek</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Andrzej Kobyłecki</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Andrzej Głąbiński</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Dariusz Nowak</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(15), 3454; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15153454">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15153454</a> - 4 Aug 2023 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/15/15/3454#metrics">Cited by 45</a> | Viewed by 7930 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> It is well known that neurodegenerative diseases’ development and progression are accelerated due to oxidative stress and inflammation, which result in impairment of mitochondrial function, cellular damage, and dysfunction of DNA repair systems. The increased consumption of antioxidants can postpone the development of <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/15/3454/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> It is well known that neurodegenerative diseases’ development and progression are accelerated due to oxidative stress and inflammation, which result in impairment of mitochondrial function, cellular damage, and dysfunction of DNA repair systems. The increased consumption of antioxidants can postpone the development of these disorders and improve the quality of patients’ lives who have already been diagnosed with neurodegenerative diseases. Prolonging life span in developed countries contributes to an increase in the incidence ratio of chronic age-related neurodegenerative disorders, such as PD (Parkinson’s disease), AD (Alzheimer’s disease), or numerous forms of age-related dementias. Dietary supplementation with neuroprotective plant-derived polyphenols might be considered an important element of healthy aging. Some polyphenols improve cognition, mood, visual functions, language, and verbal memory functions. Polyphenols bioavailability differs greatly from one compound to another and is determined by solubility, degree of polymerization, conjugation, or glycosylation resulting from chemical structure. It is still unclear which polyphenols are beneficial because their potential depends on efficient transport across the BBB (blood-brain barrier), bioavailability, and stability in the CNS (central nervous system). Polyphenols improve brain functions by having a direct impact on cells and processes in the CNS. For a direct effect, polyphenolic compounds must be able to overcome the BBB and accumulate in brain tissue. In this review, the latest achievements in studies (animal models and clinical trials) on the effect of polyphenols on brain activity and function are described. The beneficial impact of plant polyphenols on the brain may be summarized by their role in increasing brain plasticity and related cognition improvement. As reversible MAO (monoamine oxidase) inhibitors, polyphenols are mood modulators and improve neuronal self-being through an increase in dopamine, serotonin, and noradrenaline amounts in the brain tissue. After analyzing the prohealth effects of various eating patterns, it was postulated that their beneficial effects result from synergistic interactions between individual dietary components. Polyphenols act on the brain endothelial cells and improve the BBB’s integrity and reduce inflammation, thus protecting the brain from additional injury during stroke or autoimmune diseases. Polyphenolic compounds are capable of lowering blood pressure and improving cerebral blood flow. Many studies have revealed that a nutritional model based on increased consumption of antioxidants has the potential to ameliorate the cognitive impairment associated with neurodegenerative disorders. Randomized clinical trials have also shown that the improvement of cognitive functions resulting from the consumption of foods rich in flavonoids is independent of age and health conditions. For therapeutic use, sufficient quantities of polyphenols must cross the BBB and reach the brain tissue in active form. An important issue in the direct action of polyphenols on the CNS is not only their penetration through the BBB, but also their brain metabolism and localization. The bioavailability of polyphenols is low. The most usual oral administration also conflicts with bioavailability. The main factors that limit this process and have an effect on therapeutic efficacy are: selective permeability across BBB, gastrointestinal transformations, poor absorption, rapid hepatic and colonic metabolism, and systemic elimination. Thus, phenolic compounds have inadequate bioavailability for human applications to have any beneficial effects. In recent years, new strategies have been attempted in order to exert cognitive benefits and neuroprotective effects. Converting polyphenols into nanostructures is one of the theories proposed to enhance their bioavailability. The following nanoscale delivery systems can be used to encapsulate polyphenols: nanocapsules, nanospheres, micelles, cyclodextrins, solid lipid nanoparticles, and liposomes. It results in great expectations for the wide-scale and effective use of polyphenols in the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases. Thus far, only natural polyphenols have been studied as neuroprotectors. Perhaps some modification of the chemical structure of a given polyphenol may increase its neuroprotective activity and transportation through the BBB. However, numerous questions should be answered before developing neuroprotective medications based on plant polyphenols. <a href="/2072-6643/15/15/3454">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/neuroprotection_bioactive ">Neuroprotection with Bioactive Compounds</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/15/3454/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1210530"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1210530"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1210530" data-cycle-prev="#prev1210530" data-cycle-progressive="#images1210530" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1210530-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03454/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03454-g001-550.jpg?1691136817" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1210530" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1210530-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03454/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03454-g002-550.jpg?1691136821'><p>Figure 2</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1210530-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03454/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03454-g001-550.jpg?1691136817" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Direct action of plant-derived polyphenols on functions of the central nervous system.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/15/3454'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03454/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03454-g002-550.jpg?1691136821" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Indirect effects of plant-derived polyphenols on the functions of central nervous system.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/15/3454'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1209749" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 15 pages, 5597 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/15/15/3437/pdf?version=1691111739" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Bacteriocin-Producing Lactiplantibacillus plantarum YRL45 Enhances Intestinal Immunity and Regulates Gut Microbiota in Mice" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/15/15/3437">Bacteriocin-Producing <em>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</em> YRL45 Enhances Intestinal Immunity and Regulates Gut Microbiota in Mice</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yushan Bu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yisuo Liu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Tai Zhang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yinxue Liu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Zhe Zhang</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Huaxi Yi</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(15), 3437; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15153437">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15153437</a> - 3 Aug 2023 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/15/15/3437#metrics">Cited by 13</a> | Viewed by 2501 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Bacteriocins production is one of important beneficial characteristics of probiotics, which has antibacterial property against intestinal pathogens and is helpful for regulating intestinal flora. To investigate the impact of bacteriocin-producing probiotics on gut microecology, bacteriocin-producing <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> YRL45 was orally administered to mice. <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/15/3437/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Bacteriocins production is one of important beneficial characteristics of probiotics, which has antibacterial property against intestinal pathogens and is helpful for regulating intestinal flora. To investigate the impact of bacteriocin-producing probiotics on gut microecology, bacteriocin-producing <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> YRL45 was orally administered to mice. The results revealed that it promoted the release of cytokines and improved the phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages to activate the immune regulation system. <i>L. plantarum</i> YRL45 was conducive to maintaining the morphology of colon tissue without inflammation and increasing the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in the ileum. The gene expression levels of <i>Muc2</i>, <i>ZO-1</i> and <i>JAM-1</i> were significantly up-regulated in the ileum and colon, and the gene expression of <i>Cramp</i> presented an upward trend with <i>L. plantarum</i> YRL45 intervention. Moreover, <i>L. plantarum</i> YRL45 remarkably enhanced the levels of immunoglobulins sIgA, IgA and IgG in the intestine of mice. The 16S rRNA gene analysis suggested that <i>L. plantarum</i> YRL45 administration up-regulated the relative abundance of the beneficial bacteria <i>Muribaculaceae</i> and <i>Akkermansia</i>, down-regulated the abundance of the pathogenic bacteria <i>Lachnoclostridium</i>, and promoted the production of acetic acid, propionic acid and total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in mice feces. Our findings indicated that <i>L. plantarum</i> YRL45 had the potential to be developed as a novel probiotic to regulate the intestinal barrier by altering gut microbiota to enhance intestinal immunity and ameliorate intestinal flora balance. <a href="/2072-6643/15/15/3437">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/8054138EJT ">Effects of Diet–Microbiome Interactions on Chronic Diseases</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/15/3437/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1209749"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1209749"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1209749" data-cycle-prev="#prev1209749" data-cycle-progressive="#images1209749" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1209749-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03437/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03437-ag-550.jpg?1691478376" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Graphical abstract</p></div><script id="images1209749" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1209749-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03437/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03437-g001-550.jpg?1691111836'><p>Figure 1</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1209749-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03437/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03437-g002-550.jpg?1691111835'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1209749-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03437/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03437-g003-550.jpg?1691111830'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1209749-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03437/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03437-g004-550.jpg?1691111831'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1209749-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03437/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03437-g005-550.jpg?1691111827'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1209749-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03437/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03437-g006-550.jpg?1691111829'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1209749-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03437/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03437-g007-550.jpg?1691111826'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1209749-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03437/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03437-g008-550.jpg?1691111832'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-1209749-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03437/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03437-g009-550.jpg?1691111824'><p>Figure 9</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1209749-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03437/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03437-ag-550.jpg?1691478376" title=" <strong>Graphical abstract</strong><br/><strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/15/3437'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03437/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03437-g001-550.jpg?1691111836" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Effect of <span class="html-italic">L. plantarum</span> YRL45 on the secretion of cytokines in serum (<span class="html-italic">n</span> = 11) and peritoneal macrophages phagocytic activity of mice (<span class="html-italic">n</span> = 6). (<b>A</b>) The content of <span class="html-italic">TNF-α</span> in serum. (<b>B</b>) The content of <span class="html-italic">IL-6</span> in serum. (<b>C</b>) The content of <span class="html-italic">IFN-γ</span> in serum. (<b>D</b>) The content of <span class="html-italic">IL-10</span> in serum. (<b>E</b>) The content of <span class="html-italic">IL-12</span> in serum. (<b>F</b>) The content of <span class="html-italic">IL-1β</span> in serum. (<b>G</b>) The phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05, ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01, *** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.001.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/15/3437'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03437/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03437-g002-550.jpg?1691111835" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Effect of <span class="html-italic">L. plantarum</span> YRL45 on the intestinal mucin expression of mice (<span class="html-italic">n</span> = 4). (<b>A</b>) The gene expression of <span class="html-italic">Muc2</span> in ileum and colon. (<b>B</b>) Immunohistochemistry of MUC2 in colon. (<b>C</b>) The positive area of MUC2 in colon. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/15/3437'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03437/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03437-g003-550.jpg?1691111830" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Effect of <span class="html-italic">L. plantarum</span> YRL45 on the intestinal tissue morphology of mice (<span class="html-italic">n</span> = 5). (<b>A</b>) Colon histomorphology. (<b>B</b>) Ileum histomorphology. (<b>C</b>) Villus height and crypt depth of ileum. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/15/3437'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03437/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03437-g004-550.jpg?1691111831" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Effect of <span class="html-italic">L. plantarum</span> YRL45 on the intestinal tight junction proteins gene expression of mice (<span class="html-italic">n</span> = 4). (<b>A</b>) The gene expression of <span class="html-italic">ZO-1</span> in ileum and colon. (<b>B</b>) The gene expression of <span class="html-italic">JAM-1</span> in ileum and colon. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/15/3437'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03437/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03437-g005-550.jpg?1691111827" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Effect of <span class="html-italic">L. plantarum</span> YRL45 on the secretion of immunoglobulins in intestine of mice (<span class="html-italic">n</span> = 8). (<b>A</b>) The contents of sIgA in ileum and colon. (<b>B</b>) The contents of IgA in ileum and colon. (<b>C</b>) The contents of IgG in ileum and colon. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05, ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/15/3437'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03437/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03437-g006-550.jpg?1691111829" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Effect of <span class="html-italic">L. plantarum</span> YRL45 on the intestinal endogenous antimicrobial peptide gene expression of mice (<span class="html-italic">n</span> = 4). (<b>A</b>) The gene expression of <span class="html-italic">Cramp</span> in ileum. (<b>B</b>) The gene expression of <span class="html-italic">Cramp</span> in colon.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/15/3437'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03437/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03437-g007-550.jpg?1691111826" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>Effect of <span class="html-italic">L. plantarum</span> YRL45 on intestinal microorganisms of mice (<span class="html-italic">n</span> = 4). (<b>A</b>) Taxonomic annotation of species. (<b>B</b>) Venn diagram of ASVs/OUTs. (<b>C</b>) Alpha diversity indexes. (<b>D</b>) Bar graphs of species composition at phylum level. (<b>E</b>) The ratio of <span class="html-italic">Firmicutes</span> to <span class="html-italic">Bacteroidetes</span>. (<b>F</b>) The relative abundance of <span class="html-italic">Proteobacteria</span>. (<b>G</b>) Bar graphs of species composition at genus level. (<b>H</b>) The relative abundance of <span class="html-italic">Muribaculaceae</span>. (<b>I</b>) The relative abundance of <span class="html-italic">Akkermansia</span>. (<b>J</b>) The relative abundance of <span class="html-italic">Lachnoclostridium</span>. (<b>K</b>) The statistics of KEGG metabolic pathway. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05, ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/15/3437'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03437/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03437-g008-550.jpg?1691111832" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>Effect of <span class="html-italic">L. plantarum</span> YRL45 on SCFAs in feces of mice (<span class="html-italic">n</span> = 6). (<b>A</b>) The contents of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and total SCFAs in feces. (<b>B</b>) The association heatmap of gut microbiota and SCFAs. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05, ** <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.01.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/15/3437'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03437/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03437-g009-550.jpg?1691111824" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>Correlation heatmap of gut microbiota and intestinal key genes in mice. (<b>A</b>) Correlation heatmap of gut microbiota and intestinal key genes in ileum. (<b>B</b>) Correlation heatmap of gut microbiota and intestinal key genes in colon. * <span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/15/3437'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1207561" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 14 pages, 501 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/15/15/3413/pdf?version=1690858007" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Resveratrol, a Multitasking Molecule That Improves Skeletal Muscle Health" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/15/15/3413">Resveratrol, a Multitasking Molecule That Improves Skeletal Muscle Health</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Luana Toniolo</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Monica Concato</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Emiliana Giacomello</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(15), 3413; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15153413">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15153413</a> - 31 Jul 2023 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/15/15/3413#metrics">Cited by 12</a> | Viewed by 2223 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Resveratrol is a natural polyphenol utilized in Chinese traditional medicine and thought to be one of the determinants of the “French Paradox”. More recently, some groups evidenced its properties as a calorie-restriction mimetic, suggesting that its action passes through the modulation of skeletal <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/15/3413/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Resveratrol is a natural polyphenol utilized in Chinese traditional medicine and thought to be one of the determinants of the “French Paradox”. More recently, some groups evidenced its properties as a calorie-restriction mimetic, suggesting that its action passes through the modulation of skeletal muscle metabolism. Accordingly, the number of studies reporting the beneficial effects of resveratrol on skeletal muscle form and function, in both experimental models and humans, is steadily increasing. Although studies on animal models confer to resveratrol a good potential to ameliorate skeletal muscle structure, function and performance, clinical trials still do not provide clear-cut information. Here, we first summarize the effects of resveratrol on the distinct components of the skeletal muscle, such as myofibers, the neuromuscular junction, tendons, connective sheaths and the capillary bed. Second, we review clinical trials focused on the analysis of skeletal muscle parameters. We suggest that the heterogeneity in the response to resveratrol in humans could depend on sample characteristics, treatment modalities and parameters analyzed; as well, this heterogeneity could possibly reside in the complexity of skeletal muscle physiology. A systematic programming of treatment protocols and analyses could be helpful to obtain consistent results in clinical trials involving resveratrol administration. <a href="/2072-6643/15/15/3413">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/Nutrition_Aging_Diseases ">Diet, Nutrition and Lifestyle in Aging and Age-Related Diseases</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/15/3413/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1207561-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03413/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03413-g001-550.jpg?1690858107" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div></div></div><div id="article-1207561-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03413/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03413-g001-550.jpg?1690858107" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Structures of trans-resveratrol and cis-resveratrol.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/15/3413'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1205243" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1205243" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1205243" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1205243" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2072-6643/15/15/3356/s1?version=1690542903"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 152 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 16 pages, 655 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/15/15/3356/pdf?version=1690542903" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Mediterranean Diet for Primary and Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality: An Updated Systematic Review" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Systematic Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/15/15/3356">Mediterranean Diet for Primary and Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality: An Updated Systematic Review</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ana Laffond</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Cristina Rivera-Picón</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Pedro Manuel Rodríguez-Muñoz</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Raúl Juárez-Vela</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Regina Ruiz de Viñaspre-Hernández</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Noelia Navas-Echazarreta</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Juan Luis Sánchez-González</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(15), 3356; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15153356">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15153356</a> - 28 Jul 2023 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/15/15/3356#metrics">Cited by 26</a> | Viewed by 7810 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are currently the leading cause of mortality worldwide, with coronary heart disease being the primary cause. The Mediterranean Diet (MD) has been highlighted for its potential in providing greater protection against CVDs. This study aims to present an updated systematic <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/15/3356/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are currently the leading cause of mortality worldwide, with coronary heart disease being the primary cause. The Mediterranean Diet (MD) has been highlighted for its potential in providing greater protection against CVDs. This study aims to present an updated systematic review that examines the impact of MD on mortality and CVDs, both in the general population and in patients with a prior CVD, while also considering the potential influence of gender. We conducted a systematic review. After the selection process, 24 studies met the inclusion criteria. The findings from these studies consistently demonstrate that higher adherence to the MD is associated with a reduced risk of overall mortality, both in the general population and in patients with previous CVDs. Moreover, evidence suggests that following this dietary pattern likely decreases the risk of CVDs such as heart attacks, various types of coronary artery disease, stroke, and cardiovascular mortality. While some studies have identified differences in the benefits of the MD between men and women, it is important to note that these disparities may be attributed to lower event rates and a generally lower cardiovascular risk profile in women. Thus, the observed variations in outcomes should be interpreted in the context of these factors. Adherence to the MD has the potential to improve survival rates and reduce the risk of CVDs in both the general population and individuals with a prior CVD. Further research is needed to explore the specific mechanisms underlying the protective effects of this dietary pattern and to better understand the role gender-related differences in its outcomes. Nevertheless, promoting the adoption of the MD could be an effective strategy for mitigating the burden of CVDs globally. <a href="/2072-6643/15/15/3356">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/Q57Y187GS3 ">Mediterranean Diet – Health Benefits and Advances</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/15/3356/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1205243-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03356/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03356-g001-550.jpg?1690543107" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div></div></div><div id="article-1205243-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03356/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03356-g001-550.jpg?1690543107" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>PRISMA flowchart of article selection.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/15/3356'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1205557" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 33 pages, 1064 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/15/15/3368/pdf?version=1690789429" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="The Ketogenic Diet and Cardiovascular Diseases" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/15/15/3368">The Ketogenic Diet and Cardiovascular Diseases</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Damian Dyńka</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Katarzyna Kowalcze</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Anna Charuta</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Agnieszka Paziewska</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(15), 3368; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15153368">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15153368</a> - 28 Jul 2023 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/15/15/3368#metrics">Cited by 32</a> | Viewed by 21547 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> The most common and increasing causes of death worldwide are cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Taking into account the fact that diet is a key factor, it is worth exploring this aspect of CVD prevention and therapy. The aim of this article is to assess <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/15/3368/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> The most common and increasing causes of death worldwide are cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Taking into account the fact that diet is a key factor, it is worth exploring this aspect of CVD prevention and therapy. The aim of this article is to assess the potential of the ketogenic diet in the prevention and treatment of CVD. The article is a comprehensive, meticulous analysis of the literature in this area, taking into account the most recent studies currently available. The ketogenic diet has been shown to have a multifaceted effect on the prevention and treatment of CVD. Among other aspects, it has a beneficial effect on the blood lipid profile, even compared to other diets. It shows strong anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective potential, which is due, among other factors, to the anti-inflammatory properties of the state of ketosis, the elimination of simple sugars, the restriction of total carbohydrates and the supply of omega-3 fatty acids. In addition, ketone bodies provide “rescue fuel” for the diseased heart by affecting its metabolism. They also have a beneficial effect on the function of the vascular endothelium, including improving its function and inhibiting premature ageing. The ketogenic diet has a beneficial effect on blood pressure and other CVD risk factors through, among other aspects, weight loss. The evidence cited is often superior to that for standard diets, making it likely that the ketogenic diet shows advantages over other dietary models in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. There is a legitimate need for further research in this area. <a href="/2072-6643/15/15/3368">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/5P8K6K1E1P ">Nutrition and Cardiovascular Disease: Effects on Endothelial Function</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/15/3368/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1205557"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1205557"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1205557" data-cycle-prev="#prev1205557" data-cycle-progressive="#images1205557" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1205557-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03368/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03368-ag-550.jpg?1692170813" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Graphical abstract</p></div><script id="images1205557" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1205557-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03368/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03368-g001-550.jpg?1690789516'><p>Figure 1</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1205557-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03368/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03368-g002-550.jpg?1690789513'><p>Figure 2</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1205557-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03368/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03368-ag-550.jpg?1692170813" title=" <strong>Graphical abstract</strong><br/><strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/15/3368'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03368/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03368-g001-550.jpg?1690789516" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Four main factors influencing the anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective potential of the ketogenic diet. The above figure was created with BioRender.com. Accessed on 23 July 2023 Agreement number: ZI25N6RYI0.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/15/3368'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03368/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03368-g002-550.jpg?1690789513" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Influence of the ketogenic diet on vascular endothelial cells. The above figure was created with BioRender.com. Accessed on 23 July 2023. Agreement number: ZI25N6S5GU.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/15/3368'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1203389" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 32 pages, 2932 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/15/15/3325/pdf?version=1690457227" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Antioxidant Activity of Leaf Extracts from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni Exerts Attenuating Effect on Diseased Experimental Rats: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/15/15/3325">Antioxidant Activity of Leaf Extracts from <i>Stevia rebaudiana</i> Bertoni Exerts Attenuating Effect on Diseased Experimental Rats: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Maria Papaefthimiou</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Panagiota I. Kontou</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Pantelis G. Bagos</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Georgia G. Braliou</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(15), 3325; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15153325">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15153325</a> - 26 Jul 2023 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/15/15/3325#metrics">Cited by 15</a> | Viewed by 3030 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Stevia (<i>Stevia rebaudiana</i> Bertoni) is an aromatic plant known for its high sweetening power ascribed to its glycosides. Stevia also contains several bioactive compounds showing antioxidant, antiproliferative, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities. Since inflammation and oxidative stress play critical roles in the pathogenesis <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/15/3325/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Stevia (<i>Stevia rebaudiana</i> Bertoni) is an aromatic plant known for its high sweetening power ascribed to its glycosides. Stevia also contains several bioactive compounds showing antioxidant, antiproliferative, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities. Since inflammation and oxidative stress play critical roles in the pathogenesis of many diseases, stevia emerges as a promising natural product that could support human health. In this study we set out to investigate the way stevia affects oxidative stress markers (e.g., SOD, CAT, GPx, GSH, MDA) in diseased rats administered stevia leaf extracts or glycosides. To this end, we performed an inclusive literature search, following PRISMA guidelines, and recruited multivariate meta-analysis and meta-regression to synthesize all available data on experimental animal models encountering (a) healthy, (b) diseased, and (c) stevia-treated diseased rats. From the 184 articles initially retrieved, 24 satisfied the eligibility criteria, containing 104 studies. Our results demonstrate that regardless of the assay employed, stevia leaf extracts restored all oxidative stress markers to a higher extent compared to pure glycosides. Meta-regression analysis revealed that results from SOD, CAT, GSH, and TAC assays are not statistically significantly different (<i>p</i> = 0.184) and can be combined in meta-analysis. Organic extracts from stevia leaves showed more robust antioxidant properties compared to aqueous or hydroalcoholic ones. The restoration of oxidative markers ranged from 65% to 85% and was exhibited in all tested tissues. Rats with diabetes mellitus were found to have the highest restorative response to stevia leaf extract administration. Our results suggest that stevia leaf extract can act protectively against various diseases through its antioxidant properties. However, which of each of the multitude of stevia compounds contribute to this effect, and to what extent, awaits further investigation. <a href="/2072-6643/15/15/3325">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/R73W06V0T5 ">Functional Foods and Sustainable Health</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/15/3325/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1203389"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1203389"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1203389" data-cycle-prev="#prev1203389" data-cycle-progressive="#images1203389" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1203389-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03325/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03325-g001-550.jpg?1690457308" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1203389" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1203389-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03325/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03325-g002-550.jpg?1690457317'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1203389-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03325/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03325-g003-550.jpg?1690457319'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1203389-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03325/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03325-g004a-550.jpg?1690457312'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1203389-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03325/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03325-g004b-550.jpg?1690457322'><p>Figure 4 Cont.</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1203389-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03325/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03325-g005a-550.jpg?1690457324'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1203389-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03325/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03325-g005b-550.jpg?1690457310'><p>Figure 5 Cont.</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1203389-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03325/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03325-g001-550.jpg?1690457308" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>The main polyphenols found in <span class="html-italic">Stevia rebaudiana</span> (Bertoni) leaves.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/15/3325'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03325/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03325-g002-550.jpg?1690457317" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Flow diagram of systematic review to retrieve the selected studies for meta-analysis in accordance with the PRISMA statement.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/15/3325'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03325/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03325-g003-550.jpg?1690457319" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Stevia whole leaf extracts can better restore antioxidant markers of diseased animal tissues compared to pure steviol glycosides. a: non-statistically significant difference between compared groups.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/15/3325'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03325/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03325-g004a-550.jpg?1690457312" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Stratification of the meta-analysis according to (<b>A</b>) type of assay and (<b>B</b>) type of leaf extract. a: non-statistically significant difference between compared groups. Overall: results from combined SOD, CAT, GSH, and TAC assays.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/15/3325'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03325/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03325-g004b-550.jpg?1690457322" title=" <strong>Figure 4 Cont.</strong><br/> <p>Stratification of the meta-analysis according to (<b>A</b>) type of assay and (<b>B</b>) type of leaf extract. a: non-statistically significant difference between compared groups. Overall: results from combined SOD, CAT, GSH, and TAC assays.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/15/3325'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03325/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03325-g005a-550.jpg?1690457324" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Stratification of the meta-analysis according to (<b>A</b>) type of disease and (<b>B</b>) type of tissue. Overall: results from combined SOD, CAT, GSH, and TAC assays.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/15/3325'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03325/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03325-g005b-550.jpg?1690457310" title=" <strong>Figure 5 Cont.</strong><br/> <p>Stratification of the meta-analysis according to (<b>A</b>) type of disease and (<b>B</b>) type of tissue. Overall: results from combined SOD, CAT, GSH, and TAC assays.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/15/3325'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1200794" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1200794" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1200794" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1200794" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2072-6643/15/14/3261/s1?version=1690172587"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 672 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 13 pages, 1587 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/15/14/3261/pdf?version=1690172586" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Adherence to the DASH Diet and Risk of Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Systematic Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/15/14/3261">Adherence to the DASH Diet and Risk of Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Xenophon Theodoridis</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Michail Chourdakis</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Lydia Chrysoula</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Violeta Chroni</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ilias Tirodimos</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Konstantina Dipla</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Eugenia Gkaliagkousi</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Areti Triantafyllou</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(14), 3261; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15143261">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15143261</a> - 24 Jul 2023 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/15/14/3261#metrics">Cited by 30</a> | Viewed by 10641 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the level of adherence to the DASH diet on hypertension risk by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis. A systematic literature search was performed. Two independent investigators performed the study selection, data <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/14/3261/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the level of adherence to the DASH diet on hypertension risk by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis. A systematic literature search was performed. Two independent investigators performed the study selection, data abstraction, and assessment of the included studies. The meta-analysis was performed separately with the adjusted hazard (HR) or incident rate ratios (IRR) and the odds ratios (OR) of the highest compared to the lowest DASH diet adherence scores using a random effects model. A total of 12 studies were included in the qualitative and quantitative synthesis. When cohort studies reporting HR were pooled together, high adherence to the DASH diet was associated with a lower risk of hypertension (HR: 0.81, 95% CI 0.73–0.90, <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 69%, PI 0.61–1.08) compared to the low adherence. When cross-sectional studies reporting OR were combined, high adherence to the DASH diet was also related to a lower risk of hypertension (OR: 0.80, 95% CI 0.70–0.91, <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 81%, PI 0.46–1.39). The findings suggest that high adherence to the DASH diet has a positive effect on reducing hypertension risk compared to low adherence. These data strengthen and are in line with all hypertension guidelines, indicating that lifestyle changes should start early even in populations with normal blood pressure. <a href="/2072-6643/15/14/3261">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/Diet_Cardiometabolic ">Diet Quality and Risk of Cardiometabolic and Diabetes</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/14/3261/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1200794"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1200794"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1200794" data-cycle-prev="#prev1200794" data-cycle-progressive="#images1200794" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1200794-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03261/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03261-g001-550.jpg?1690172653" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1200794" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1200794-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03261/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03261-g002-550.jpg?1690172655'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1200794-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03261/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03261-g003-550.jpg?1690172651'><p>Figure 3</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1200794-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03261/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03261-g001-550.jpg?1690172653" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Flow diagram of the eligibility process.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/14/3261'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03261/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03261-g002-550.jpg?1690172655" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Forest plot for the hypertension risk when cohort studies were pooled together. Bai et al., 2017 [<a href="#B22-nutrients-15-03261" class="html-bibr">22</a>], Camões et al., 2010 [<a href="#B23-nutrients-15-03261" class="html-bibr">23</a>], Folsom et al., 2007 [<a href="#B24-nutrients-15-03261" class="html-bibr">24</a>], Francisco et al., 2020 [<a href="#B25-nutrients-15-03261" class="html-bibr">25</a>], Jiang et al., 2015 [<a href="#B14-nutrients-15-03261" class="html-bibr">14</a>], Lelong et al., 2017 [<a href="#B26-nutrients-15-03261" class="html-bibr">26</a>], Li et al., 2016 [<a href="#B27-nutrients-15-03261" class="html-bibr">27</a>], Schulze et al., 2003 [<a href="#B28-nutrients-15-03261" class="html-bibr">28</a>], Toledo et al., 2010 [<a href="#B29-nutrients-15-03261" class="html-bibr">29</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/14/3261'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03261/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03261-g003-550.jpg?1690172651" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Forest plot for the hypertension risk when cross-sectional studies were pooled together. Cherfan et al., 2019 (M) [<a href="#B30-nutrients-15-03261" class="html-bibr">30</a>], Cherfan et al., 2019 (W) [<a href="#B30-nutrients-15-03261" class="html-bibr">30</a>], Kanauchi &amp; Kanauchi, 2015 [<a href="#B15-nutrients-15-03261" class="html-bibr">15</a>], Yang et al., 2022 [<a href="#B31-nutrients-15-03261" class="html-bibr">31</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/14/3261'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1199170" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 15 pages, 341 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/15/14/3235/pdf?version=1689925411" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Association between an Anti-Inflammatory Dietary Score and Periodontitis—Evidence from the Population-Based Hamburg City Health Study" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/15/14/3235">Association between an Anti-Inflammatory Dietary Score and Periodontitis—Evidence from the Population-Based Hamburg City Health Study</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Berit Lieske</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Nina Moszka</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Katrin Borof</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Elina Larissa Petersen</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Bettina Jagemann</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Merle Ebinghaus</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Thomas Beikler</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Guido Heydecke</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ghazal Aarabi</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Birgit-Christiane Zyriax</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(14), 3235; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15143235">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15143235</a> - 21 Jul 2023 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/15/14/3235#metrics">Cited by 9</a> | Viewed by 2136 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> While the effects of dietary patterns on cardiovascular risk and diabetes have been well studied, the evidence is scarce as to which diet has the greatest anti-inflammatory potential and how dietary patterns are associated with periodontitis. In the Hamburg City Health Study (HCHS), <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/14/3235/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> While the effects of dietary patterns on cardiovascular risk and diabetes have been well studied, the evidence is scarce as to which diet has the greatest anti-inflammatory potential and how dietary patterns are associated with periodontitis. In the Hamburg City Health Study (HCHS), we developed an anti-inflammatory dietary score using a data-driven approach based on the relationship of relevant selected food groups with inflammatory biomarkers (hsCRP and IL-6). The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the association between the anti-inflammatory dietary score and the incidence of periodontitis in Hamburg, Germany. A total of <i>n</i> = 5642 participants fit the required inclusion criteria and were selected for analysis. Periodontal disease was assessed using probing depth, gingival recession, and bleeding on probing. Dietary intake was measured using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). A self-developed anti-inflammatory dietary score served as the key explanatory variable. Higher scores reflected lower inflammatory processes (measured through the biomarkers hsCRP and IL-6). Several covariates were included in the regression analysis. Regressions revealed that a higher anti-inflammatory dietary score was significantly associated with lower odds to be affected by periodontal disease in an unadjusted model (OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.82–0.89, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and in an adjusted model (age, sex, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and physical activity) (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.89–0.98, <i>p</i> = 0.003). Our study demonstrated a significant inverse association between an anti-inflammatory dietary score and periodontitis. Individuals with higher intake of proinflammatory nutrition should be specifically addressed to avoid periodontitis. <a href="/2072-6643/15/14/3235">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/X1A7NW98HD ">Healthier Smile: The Role of Diet and Nutrition in the Prevention and Therapy of Oral Diseases</a>)<br/> </div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1198544" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 15 pages, 840 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/15/14/3224/pdf?version=1689853023" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="The Influence of the Mediterranean Dietary Pattern on Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/15/14/3224">The Influence of the Mediterranean Dietary Pattern on Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>María Carmen Andreo-López</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Victoria Contreras-Bolívar</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Beatriz García-Fontana</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Cristina García-Fontana</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Manuel Muñoz-Torres</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(14), 3224; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15143224">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15143224</a> - 20 Jul 2023 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/15/14/3224#metrics">Cited by 14</a> | Viewed by 4904 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Diet is a modifiable factor in bone and muscle health. The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is rich in nutrients and contains key bioactive components with probable protective effects on muscle and bone deterioration. Osteoporosis (OP) and sarcopenia are diseases that increase frailty and susceptibility <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/14/3224/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Diet is a modifiable factor in bone and muscle health. The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is rich in nutrients and contains key bioactive components with probable protective effects on muscle and bone deterioration. Osteoporosis (OP) and sarcopenia are diseases that increase frailty and susceptibility to fracture, morbidity and mortality. Therefore, it is necessary to combat them in the population. In this regard, MedDiet adherence has proven to be beneficial to bone mineral density (BMD), muscle mass, physical function, OP and sarcopenia. Hence, this diet is proposed as a therapeutic tool that could slow the onset of osteoporosis and sarcopenia. However, there is doubt about the interaction between the MedDiet, strength and fracture risk. Perhaps the amount of EVOO (extra virgin olive oil), fruits, vegetables and fish rich in anti-inflammatory and antioxidant nutrients ingested has an influence, though the results remain controversial. <a href="/2072-6643/15/14/3224">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/EV581ZNEM8 ">Mediterranean Style Diets throughout Life: Clinical Benefits Extending beyond Weight Loss</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/14/3224/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1198544"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1198544"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1198544" data-cycle-prev="#prev1198544" data-cycle-progressive="#images1198544" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1198544-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03224/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03224-ag-550.jpg?1689853098" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Graphical abstract</p></div><script id="images1198544" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1198544-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03224/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03224-g001-550.jpg?1689853098'><p>Figure 1</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1198544-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03224/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03224-ag-550.jpg?1689853098" title=" <strong>Graphical abstract</strong><br/><strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/14/3224'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03224/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03224-g001-550.jpg?1689853098" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Interplay between Mediterranean diet, osteoporosis and sarcopenia.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/14/3224'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1195960" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1195960" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1195960" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1195960" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2072-6643/15/14/3171/s1?version=1689597064"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 268 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 12 pages, 593 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/15/14/3171/pdf?version=1689597063" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Low-Bacterial Diet in Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/15/14/3171">Low-Bacterial Diet in Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sofia Matteucci</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Giulia De Pasquale</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Manuela Pastore</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Emanuela Morenghi</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Veronica Pipitone</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Fanny Soekeland</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Riccardo Caccialanza</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Beatrice Mazzoleni</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Stefano Mancin</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(14), 3171; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15143171">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15143171</a> - 17 Jul 2023 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/15/14/3171#metrics">Cited by 13</a> | Viewed by 3471 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> The low-bacterial diet (LBD) is a widely used dietary regimen to reduce the risk of food-borne infections in patients with neutropenic cancer, but its role is controversial due to its unclear benefits. The purpose of this study was to provide an updated analysis <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/14/3171/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> The low-bacterial diet (LBD) is a widely used dietary regimen to reduce the risk of food-borne infections in patients with neutropenic cancer, but its role is controversial due to its unclear benefits. The purpose of this study was to provide an updated analysis of the available evidence on the efficacy of the LBD to reduce the risk of infections, mortality rates, and quality of life (QoL) in neutropenic patients with cancer. A systematic literature search was conducted in the biomedical databases Cochrane Library, PubMed, CINHAL, and EMBASE. The process of the screening, selection, inclusion of articles, and assessment of risk of bias and methodological quality was conducted by two reviewers. Of the 1985 records identified, 12 were included. The LBD demonstrated heterogeneity in definition, composition, and initiation timing; moreover, the LBD did not demonstrate a reduction in infection and mortality rates compared to a free diet, showing a negative correlation with quality of life. The LBD, in addition to not bringing benefits in terms of reductions in infection and mortality rates, has been shown to worsen the quality of life due to the reduced palatability and limited variety of the food supply, negatively impacting nutritional status. <a href="/2072-6643/15/14/3171">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Section <a href="/journal/nutrients/sections/Clinical_Nutrition">Clinical Nutrition</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/14/3171/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1195960-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03171/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03171-g001-550.jpg?1689597127" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div></div></div><div id="article-1195960-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03171/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03171-g001-550.jpg?1689597127" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>PRISMA flow chart of the process of article inclusion.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/14/3171'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <input class="article-list-checkbox export-element" type="checkbox" name="articles_ids[]" value="1193069" data-select-all-name="article-listing"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 20 pages, 2283 KiB   </span> <a href="/2072-6643/15/14/3123/pdf?version=1689237590" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="The Role of Probiotics in Skin Health and Related Gut–Skin Axis: A Review" data-journal="nutrients"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class='label choice' data-dropdown='drop-article-label-choice' aria-expanded='false' data-editorschoiceaddition='<a href="/journal/nutrients/editors_choice">More Editor’s choice articles in journal <em>Nutrients</em>.</a>'>Editor’s Choice</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2072-6643/15/14/3123">The Role of Probiotics in Skin Health and Related Gut–Skin Axis: A Review</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ting Gao</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Xiaoyu Wang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yixuan Li</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Fazheng Ren</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Nutrients</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(14), 3123; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15143123">https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15143123</a> - 13 Jul 2023 </div> <a href="/2072-6643/15/14/3123#metrics">Cited by 38</a> | Viewed by 20893 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Aging skin, wrinkles, pigmentation, and dryness are problems that plague people, and researchers are working to solve them. Recent studies have shown that intestinal microbiota homeostasis can influence skin health, demonstrating the existence of a gut–skin axis. Recently, improving skin health through probiotic <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/14/3123/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Aging skin, wrinkles, pigmentation, and dryness are problems that plague people, and researchers are working to solve them. Recent studies have shown that intestinal microbiota homeostasis can influence skin health, demonstrating the existence of a gut–skin axis. Recently, improving skin health through probiotic interventions has been proposed, and micro-ecological skin care is becoming a popular concept. By regulating skin health and gut–skin axis interactions, probiotics can be used as potential management tools to suppress and improve skin diseases in multiple ways, including decreasing oxidative stress, suppressing inflammatory responses, and keeping immune effects. The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of the application and mechanisms of probiotic-mediated gut microbiota homeostasis in skin care and to offer a theoretical basis for the application of probiotics in skin care. <a href="/2072-6643/15/14/3123">Full article</a> </div> </div> <div class="belongsTo" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> (This article belongs to the Special Issue <a href=" /journal/nutrients/special_issues/65S4G90O56 ">Diet and Nutrition: Metabolic Diseases</a>)<br/> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/14/3123/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1193069"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1193069"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1193069" data-cycle-prev="#prev1193069" data-cycle-progressive="#images1193069" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1193069-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03123/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03123-g001-550.jpg?1689237805" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1193069" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1193069-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03123/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03123-g002-550.jpg?1689237804'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1193069-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03123/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03123-g003-550.jpg?1689237809'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1193069-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03123/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03123-g004-550.jpg?1689237808'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1193069-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03123/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03123-g005-550.jpg?1689237807'><p>Figure 5</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1193069-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03123/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03123-g001-550.jpg?1689237805" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>The beneficial effects of probiotics on the organism. When the abundance of probiotics in the organism is insufficient, the organism suffers from the following issues: indigestion, diarrhea, high body fat, high blood lipids, reproductive system infections, allergy prone, and poor skin condition (<b>left</b> picture). When the abundance of probiotics in the organism is sufficient, the organism behaves as follows: promotes digestion, improves diarrhea, lowers body fat, regulates blood lipids, prevents reproductive system infections, prevents allergies, and skin peeling and skin care (<b>right</b> picture).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/14/3123'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03123/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03123-g002-550.jpg?1689237804" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>The skin improvement effect of probiotics and its related mechanism. The skin improving effects of probiotics include: anti-photoaging (inhibit the cleavage of collagen), skin whiting (inhibits the production of melanin and inhibits the activities of tyrosinase, TYRP-1 and TYRP-2), anti-wrinkle (the activity of antioxidant and inhibition of the synthesis of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) to reduce the degradation of collagen), skin moisturization (improves skin barrier and reduces TEWL), body odor removal (reduce strains associated with odor production), and anti-chronological aging (inhibits cell decay and prolongs cell cycle).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/14/3123'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03123/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03123-g003-550.jpg?1689237809" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Oral probiotics mediate the beneficial effects of intestinal homeostasis on the organism. After the host ingests probiotics through the oral route, the probiotics enter the intestinal tract and play a role in improving intestinal homeostasis, mainly manifested as: immunomodulation, gut microbiota homeostasis, digestion and absorption of nutrients, and intestinal mucosal barrier.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/14/3123'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03123/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03123-g004-550.jpg?1689237808" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Probiotics can treat skin diseases. Different probiotics can treat different skin diseases, for example, <span class="html-italic">Nitrosomonas eutropha</span> and <span class="html-italic">Lactobacillus buchneri</span> can improve skin aging; <span class="html-italic">Streptococcus thermophiles</span>, <span class="html-italic">Enterococcus faecalis</span> and <span class="html-italic">Streptococcus salivarius</span> can improve acne; <span class="html-italic">Vitreoscilla filiformis</span>, <span class="html-italic">Streptococcus thermophilus</span> and <span class="html-italic">Lactobacillus johnsonii</span> can improve atopic dermatitis, <span class="html-italic">Bifidobacteria infantis</span> and <span class="html-italic">Lactobacillus pentosus</span> can improve psoriasia; <span class="html-italic">Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</span> kefir, <span class="html-italic">Lactobacillus fermentum</span> and <span class="html-italic">Saccharomyces cerevisiae</span> can improve wound healing; <span class="html-italic">Lactobacillus paracasei</span> can improve dandruff; <span class="html-italic">Bifidobacterum breve</span> BR03 and <span class="html-italic">Lactobacillus salivarius</span> can improve rosasea.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/14/3123'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/nutrients/nutrients-15-03123/article_deploy/html/images/nutrients-15-03123-g005-550.jpg?1689237807" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>The mechanism of probiotics to improve skin diseases. Probiotics, including <span class="html-italic">Nitrobacter</span>, <span class="html-italic">Lactobacillus</span> and <span class="html-italic">Bifidobacterium</span>, can restore intestinal homeostasis by improving intestinal microbiota disorders and repairing intestinal mucosal damage, and then treat skin damage phenotype, including abnormal skin cell proliferation and function, pigmentation, reduced collagen, elastic fibers, glycosaminoglycan (GAG), and structural disorders in the dermis by inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammation response, immune homeostasis, and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling inhibition, ultimately treating skin diseases (acne, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis, wound healing, photoaging and aging skin, and rosacea).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2072-6643/15/14/3123'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="row footer"> <div 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$(this).toggleClass("active").closest(".tab-bar").toggleClass("active"); $(".search-container").toggleClass("hide-for-small-down"); }); $(document).on("click", ".js-open-menu", function(e) { $(".search-container").addClass("hide-for-small-down"); }); $(window).on('resize', function() { recalculate_main_browser_position(); recalculate_responsive_moving_containers(); }); updateSearchLabelVisibilities(); recalculate_main_browser_position(); recalculate_responsive_moving_containers(); if (window.document.documentMode == 11) { $("<link/>", { rel: "stylesheet", type: "text/css", href: "https://fonts.googleapis.com/icon?family=Material+Icons"}).appendTo("head"); } }); function recalculate_main_browser_position() { if (Foundation.utils.is_small_only()) { if ($("#js-main-top-container").parent("#js-large-main-top-container").length > 0) { $("#js-main-top-container").appendTo($("#js-small-main-top-container")); } } else { if ($("#js-main-top-container").parent("#js-small-main-top-container").length > 0) { $("#js-main-top-container").appendTo($("#js-large-main-top-container")); } } } function recalculate_responsive_moving_containers() { $(".responsive-moving-container.large").each(function() { var previousParent = $(".responsive-moving-container.active[data-id='"+$(this).data("id")+"']"); var movingContent = previousParent.html(); if (Foundation.utils.is_small_only()) { var currentParent = $(".responsive-moving-container.small[data-id='"+$(this).data("id")+"']"); } else if (Foundation.utils.is_medium_only()) { var currentParent = $(".responsive-moving-container.medium[data-id='"+$(this).data("id")+"']"); } else { var currentParent = $(".responsive-moving-container.large[data-id='"+$(this).data("id")+"']"); } if (previousParent.attr("class") !== currentParent.attr("class")) { currentParent.html(movingContent); previousParent.html(); currentParent.addClass("active"); previousParent.removeClass("active"); } 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