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study</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: optical study"> <meta name="keywords" content="optical study"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="optical study"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 51115</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: optical study</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51115</span> Study of the Optical Illusion Effects of Color Contrasts on Body Image Perception</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Hadj%20Taieb">A. Hadj Taieb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Ennouri"> H. Ennouri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The current study aimed to investigate the effect that optical illusion garments have on a woman’s self-perception of her own body shape. First, we created different optical illusion garment by using color contrasts. Second, a short survey based on visual perception is addressed to women in order to compare the different optical illusion garments to determine if they met the established 'ideal' body shape. A ‘visual analysis method’ was used to investigate the clothing models with optical illusions. The theories in relation with the optical illusion were used through this method. The effects of the optical illusion of color contrast on body shape in the fashion sector were tried to be revealed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20illusion" title="optical illusion">optical illusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=color%20contrasts" title=" color contrasts"> color contrasts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20image%20perception" title=" body image perception"> body image perception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-esteem" title=" self-esteem"> self-esteem</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77953/study-of-the-optical-illusion-effects-of-color-contrasts-on-body-image-perception" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77953.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">274</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51114</span> Optical Whitening of Textiles: Teaching and Learning Materials </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20W.%20Kan">C. W. Kan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study examines the results of optical whitening process of different textiles such as cotton, wool and polyester. The optical whitening agents used are commercially available products, and the optical whitening agents were applied to the textiles with manufacturers’ suggested methods. The aim of this study is to illustrate the proper application methods of optical whitening agent to different textiles and hence to provide guidance note to the students in learning this topic. Acknowledgment: Authors would like to thank the financial support from the Hong Kong Polytechnic University for this work. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20materials" title="learning materials">learning materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20whitening%20agent" title=" optical whitening agent"> optical whitening agent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wool" title=" wool"> wool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cotton" title=" cotton"> cotton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyester" title=" polyester"> polyester</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60216/optical-whitening-of-textiles-teaching-and-learning-materials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60216.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">425</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51113</span> Fabrication of Optical Tissue Phantoms Simulating Human Skin and Their Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jihoon%20Park">Jihoon Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sungkon%20Yu"> Sungkon Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Byungjo%20Jung"> Byungjo Jung</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although various optical tissue phantoms (OTPs) simulating human skin have been actively studied, their completeness is unclear because skin tissue has the intricate optical property and complicated structure disturbing the optical simulation. In this study, we designed multilayer OTP mimicking skin structure, and fabricated OTP models simulating skin-blood vessel and skin pigmentation in the skin, which are useful in Biomedical optics filed. The OTPs were characterized with the optical property and the cross-sectional structure, and analyzed by using various optical tools such as a laser speckle imaging system, OCT and a digital microscope to show the practicality. The measured optical property was within 5% error, and the thickness of each layer was uniform within 10% error in micrometer scale. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blood%20vessel" title="blood vessel">blood vessel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20tissue%20phantom" title=" optical tissue phantom"> optical tissue phantom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20property" title=" optical property"> optical property</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skin%20tissue" title=" skin tissue"> skin tissue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pigmentation" title=" pigmentation"> pigmentation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68389/fabrication-of-optical-tissue-phantoms-simulating-human-skin-and-their-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68389.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">455</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51112</span> Enhanced Constraint-Based Optical Network (ECON) for Enhancing OSNR</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20R.%20Kavitha">G. R. Kavitha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20S.%20Indumathi"> T. S. Indumathi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the constantly rising demands of the multimedia services, the requirements of long haul transport network are constantly changing in the area of optical network. Maximum data transmission using optimization of the communication channel poses the biggest challenge. Although there has been a constant focus on this area from the past decade, there was no evidence of a significant result that has been accomplished. Hence, after reviewing some potential design of optical network from literatures, it was understood that optical signal to noise ratio was one of the elementary attributes that can define the performance of the optical network. In this paper, we propose a framework termed as ECON (Enhanced Constraint-based Optical Network) that primarily optimize the optical signal to noise ratio using ROADM. The simulation is performed in Matlab and optical signal to noise ratio is extracted considering the system matrix. The outcome of the proposed study shows that optimized OSNR as compared to the existing studies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=component" title="component">component</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20network" title=" optical network"> optical network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reconfigurable%20optical%20add-drop%20multiplexer" title=" reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer"> reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20signal-to-noise%20ratio" title=" optical signal-to-noise ratio"> optical signal-to-noise ratio</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17847/enhanced-constraint-based-optical-network-econ-for-enhancing-osnr" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17847.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">488</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51111</span> All-Optical Function Based on Self-Similar Spectral Broadening for 2R Regeneration in High-Bit-Rate Optical Transmission Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leila%20Graini">Leila Graini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we demonstrate basic all-optical functions for 2R regeneration (Re-amplification and Re-shaping) based on self-similar spectral broadening in low normal dispersion and highly nonlinear fiber (ND-HNLF) to regenerate the signal through optical filtering including the transfer function characteristics, and output extinction ratio. Our approach of all-optical 2R regeneration is based on those of Mamyshev. The numerical study reveals the self-similar spectral broadening very effective for 2R all-optical regeneration; the proposed design presents high stability compared to a conventional regenerator using SPM broadening with reduction of the intensity fluctuations and improvement of the extinction ratio. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=all-optical%20function" title="all-optical function">all-optical function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2R%20optical%20regeneration" title=" 2R optical regeneration"> 2R optical regeneration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-similar%20broadening" title=" self-similar broadening"> self-similar broadening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mamyshev%20regenerator" title=" Mamyshev regenerator"> Mamyshev regenerator</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101178/all-optical-function-based-on-self-similar-spectral-broadening-for-2r-regeneration-in-high-bit-rate-optical-transmission-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101178.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">186</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51110</span> Monitoring and Prediction of Intra-Crosstalk in All-Optical Network</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Jedidi">Ahmed Jedidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mesfer%20Mohammed%20Alshamrani"> Mesfer Mohammed Alshamrani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alwi%20Mohammad%20A.%20Bamhdi"> Alwi Mohammad A. Bamhdi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Optical performance monitoring and optical network management are essential in building a reliable, high-capacity, and service-differentiation enabled all-optical network. One of the serious problems in this network is the fact that optical crosstalk is additive, and thus the aggregate effect of crosstalk over a whole AON may be more nefarious than a single point of crosstalk. As results, we note a huge degradation of the Quality of Service (QoS) in our network. For that, it is necessary to identify and monitor the impairments in whole network. In this way, this paper presents new system to identify and monitor crosstalk in AONs in real-time fashion. particular, it proposes a new technique to manage intra-crosstalk in objective to relax QoS of the network. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=all-optical%20networks" title="all-optical networks">all-optical networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20crosstalk" title=" optical crosstalk"> optical crosstalk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20cross-connect" title=" optical cross-connect"> optical cross-connect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crosstalk" title=" crosstalk"> crosstalk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monitoring%20crosstalk" title=" monitoring crosstalk"> monitoring crosstalk</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40796/monitoring-and-prediction-of-intra-crosstalk-in-all-optical-network" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40796.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">463</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51109</span> Optical Multicast over OBS Networks: An Approach Based on Code-Words and Tunable Decoders</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maha%20Sliti">Maha Sliti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Walid%20Abdallah"> Walid Abdallah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noureddine%20Boudriga"> Noureddine Boudriga</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the frame of this work, we present an optical multicasting approach based on optical code-words. Our approach associates, in the edge node, an optical code-word to a group multicast address. In the core node, a set of tunable decoders are used to send a traffic data to multiple destinations based on the received code-word. The use of code-words, which correspond to the combination of an input port and a set of output ports, allows the implementation of an optical switching matrix. At the reception of a burst, it will be delayed in an optical memory. And, the received optical code-word is split to a set of tunable optical decoders. When it matches a configured code-word, the delayed burst is switched to a set of output ports. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20multicast" title="optical multicast">optical multicast</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20burst%20switching%20networks" title=" optical burst switching networks"> optical burst switching networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20code-words" title=" optical code-words"> optical code-words</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tunable%20decoder" title=" tunable decoder"> tunable decoder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20optical%20memory" title=" virtual optical memory"> virtual optical memory</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11614/optical-multicast-over-obs-networks-an-approach-based-on-code-words-and-tunable-decoders" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11614.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">607</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51108</span> Study and Analysis of Optical Intersatellite Links</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boudene%20Maamar">Boudene Maamar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xu%20Mai"> Xu Mai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Optical Intersatellite Links (OISLs) are wireless communications using optical signals to interconnect satellites. It is expected to be the next generation wireless communication technology according to its inherent characteristics like: an increased bandwidth, a high data rate, a data transmission security, an immunity to interference, and an unregulated spectrum etc. Optical space links are the best choice for the classical communication schemes due to its distinctive properties; high frequency, small antenna diameter and lowest transmitted power, which are critical factors to define a space communication. This paper discusses the development of free space technology and analyses the parameters and factors to establish a reliable intersatellite links using an optical signal to exchange data between satellites. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20intersatellite%20links" title="optical intersatellite links">optical intersatellite links</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20wireless%20communications" title=" optical wireless communications"> optical wireless communications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=free%20space%20optical%20communications" title=" free space optical communications"> free space optical communications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=next%20generation%20wireless%20communication" title=" next generation wireless communication"> next generation wireless communication</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46827/study-and-analysis-of-optical-intersatellite-links" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46827.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">447</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51107</span> Characterization of Optical Communication Channels as Non-Deterministic Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Valentina%20Alessandra%20Carvalho%20do%20Vale">Valentina Alessandra Carvalho do Vale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elmo%20Thiago%20Lins%20C%C3%B6uras%20Ford"> Elmo Thiago Lins Cöuras Ford</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Increasingly telecommunications sectors are adopting optical technologies, due to its ability to transmit large amounts of data over long distances. However, as in all systems of data transmission, optical communication channels suffer from undesirable and non-deterministic effects, being essential to know the same. Thus, this research allows the assessment of these effects, as well as their characterization and beneficial uses of these effects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20communication" title="optical communication">optical communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20fiber" title=" optical fiber"> optical fiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-deterministic%20effects" title=" non-deterministic effects"> non-deterministic effects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=telecommunication" title=" telecommunication"> telecommunication</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18372/characterization-of-optical-communication-channels-as-non-deterministic-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18372.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">788</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51106</span> Connected Objects with Optical Rectenna for Wireless Information Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chayma%20Bahar">Chayma Bahar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chokri%20Baccouch"> Chokri Baccouch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hedi%20Sakli"> Hedi Sakli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nizar%20Sakli"> Nizar Sakli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Harvesting and transport of optical and radiofrequency signals are a topical subject with multiple challenges. In this paper, we present a Optical RECTENNA system. We propose here a hybrid system solar cell antenna for 5G mobile communications networks. Thus, we propose rectifying circuit. A parametric study is done to follow the influence of load resistance and input power on Optical RECTENNA system performance. Thus, we propose a solar cell antenna structure in the frequency band of future 5G standard in 2.45 GHz bands. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antenna" title="antenna">antenna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IoT" title=" IoT"> IoT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20rectenna" title=" optical rectenna"> optical rectenna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20cell" title=" solar cell"> solar cell</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129451/connected-objects-with-optical-rectenna-for-wireless-information-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129451.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">178</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51105</span> Wavelength Conversion of Dispersion Managed Solitons at 100 Gbps through Semiconductor Optical Amplifier</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kadam%20Bhambri">Kadam Bhambri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neena%20Gupta"> Neena Gupta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> All optical wavelength conversion is essential in present day optical networks for transparent interoperability, contention resolution, and wavelength routing. The incorporation of all optical wavelength convertors leads to better utilization of the network resources and hence improves the efficiency of optical networks. Wavelength convertors that can work with Dispersion Managed (DM) solitons are attractive due to their superior transmission capabilities. In this paper, wavelength conversion for dispersion managed soliton signals was demonstrated at 100 Gbps through semiconductor optical amplifier and an optical filter. The wavelength conversion was achieved for a 1550 nm input signal to1555nm output signal. The output signal was measured in terms of BER, Q factor and system margin.     <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=all%20optical%20wavelength%20conversion" title="all optical wavelength conversion">all optical wavelength conversion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dispersion%20managed%20solitons" title=" dispersion managed solitons"> dispersion managed solitons</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semiconductor%20optical%20amplifier" title=" semiconductor optical amplifier"> semiconductor optical amplifier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cross%20gain%20modultation" title=" cross gain modultation"> cross gain modultation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46267/wavelength-conversion-of-dispersion-managed-solitons-at-100-gbps-through-semiconductor-optical-amplifier" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46267.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">453</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51104</span> Magnetic and Optical Properties of Quaternary GaFeMnN</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Bouadjemi">B. Bouadjemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Bentata"> S. Bentata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Abbad"> A. Abbad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.Benstaali"> W.Benstaali </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The full-potential linearized augmented plane wave method (FP-LAPW) within the Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA) is used to calculate the magnetic and optical properties of quaternary GaFeMnN. The results show that the compound becomes magnetic and half metallic and there is an apparition of peaks at low frequencies for the optical properties. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20properties" title="optical properties">optical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DFT" title=" DFT"> DFT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Spintronic" title=" Spintronic"> Spintronic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wave" title=" wave "> wave </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19957/magnetic-and-optical-properties-of-quaternary-gafemnn" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19957.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">551</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51103</span> Semiconductor Device of Tapered Waveguide for Broadband Optical Communications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keita%20Iwai">Keita Iwai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isao%20Tomita"> Isao Tomita</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To expand the optical spectrum for use in broadband optical communications, we study the properties of a semiconductor waveguide device with a tapered structure including its third-order optical nonlinearity. Spectral-broadened output by the tapered structure has the potential to create a compact, built-in device for optical communications. Here we deal with a compound semiconductor waveguide, the material of which is the same as that of laser diodes used in the communication systems, i.e., InₓGa₁₋ₓAsᵧP₁₋ᵧ, which has large optical nonlinearity. We confirm that our structure widens the output spectrum sufficiently by controlling its taper form factor while utilizing the large nonlinear refraction of InₓGa₁₋ₓAsᵧP₁₋ᵧ. We also examine the taper effect for nonlinear optical loss. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=In%E2%82%93Ga%E2%82%81%E2%82%8B%E2%82%93As%E1%B5%A7P%E2%82%81%E2%82%8B%E1%B5%A7" title="InₓGa₁₋ₓAsᵧP₁₋ᵧ">InₓGa₁₋ₓAsᵧP₁₋ᵧ</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waveguide" title=" waveguide"> waveguide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20refraction" title=" nonlinear refraction"> nonlinear refraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectral%20spreading" title=" spectral spreading"> spectral spreading</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=taper%20device" title=" taper device"> taper device</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143322/semiconductor-device-of-tapered-waveguide-for-broadband-optical-communications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143322.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51102</span> Deflection Effect on Mirror for Space Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maamar%20Fatouma">Maamar Fatouma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mirror optical performance can experience varying levels of stress and tolerances, which can have a notable impact on optical parametric systems. to ensure proper optical figure and position of mirror mounting within design tolerances, it is crucial to have a robust support structure in place for optical systems. The optical figure tolerance determines the allowable deviation from the ideal form of the mirror and the position tolerance determines the location and orientations of the optical axis of the optical systems. A variety of factors influence the optical figure of the mirror. Included are self-weight (Deflection), excitation from temperature change, temperature gradients and dimensional instability. This study employs an analytical approach and finite element method to examine the effects of stress resulting from mirror mounting on the wavefront passing through the mirror. The combined effect of tolerance and deflection on mirror performance is represented by an error budget. Numerical mirror mounting is presented to illustrate the space application of performance techniques. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=opto-mechanical" title="opto-mechanical">opto-mechanical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bonded%20optic" title=" bonded optic"> bonded optic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tolerance" title=" tolerance"> tolerance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-weight%20distortion" title=" self-weight distortion"> self-weight distortion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rayleigh%20criteria" title=" Rayleigh criteria"> Rayleigh criteria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172854/deflection-effect-on-mirror-for-space-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172854.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51101</span> Multicasting Characteristics of All-Optical Triode Based on Negative Feedback Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Aisyah%20Azizan">S. Aisyah Azizan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Syafiq%20Azmi"> M. Syafiq Azmi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuki%20Harada"> Yuki Harada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yoshinobu%20Maeda"> Yoshinobu Maeda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Takaomi%20Matsutani"> Takaomi Matsutani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We introduced an all-optical multi-casting characteristics with wavelength conversion based on a novel all-optical triode using negative feedback semiconductor optical amplifier. This study was demonstrated with a transfer speed of 10 Gb/s to a non-return zero 231-1 pseudorandom bit sequence system. This multi-wavelength converter device can simultaneously provide three channels of output signal with the support of non-inverted and inverted conversion. We studied that an all-optical multi-casting and wavelength conversion accomplishing cross gain modulation is effective in a semiconductor optical amplifier which is effective to provide an inverted conversion thus negative feedback. The relationship of received power of back to back signal and output signals with wavelength 1535 nm, 1540 nm, 1545 nm, 1550 nm, and 1555 nm with bit error rate was investigated. It was reported that the output signal wavelengths were successfully converted and modulated with a power penalty of less than 8.7 dB, which the highest is 8.6 dB while the lowest is 4.4 dB. It was proved that all-optical multi-casting and wavelength conversion using an optical triode with a negative feedback by three channels at the same time at a speed of 10 Gb/s is a promising device for the new wavelength conversion technology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cross%20gain%20modulation" title="cross gain modulation">cross gain modulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multicasting" title=" multicasting"> multicasting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=negative%20feedback%20optical%20amplifier" title=" negative feedback optical amplifier"> negative feedback optical amplifier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semiconductor%20optical%20amplifier" title=" semiconductor optical amplifier"> semiconductor optical amplifier</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18462/multicasting-characteristics-of-all-optical-triode-based-on-negative-feedback-semiconductor-optical-amplifiers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18462.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">684</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51100</span> Theoretical Investigations on Optical Properties of GaFeMnN Quaternary Compound</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20A.%20Bentounes">H. A. Bentounes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Abbad"> A. Abbad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Benstaali"> W. Benstaali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Using first principles calculations based on the density functional theory and local spin density approximation, we investigate optical properties of GaFeMnN quaternary compound. Results show that optical properties confirm that GaFeMnN can be a good candidate in the design of thin ﬁlm solar cells in the visible and ultraviolet parts of the spectrum, and a good sensor in the infrared <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GaN" title="GaN">GaN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20absorption" title=" optical absorption"> optical absorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semi-metallic" title=" semi-metallic"> semi-metallic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dielectric%20function" title=" dielectric function"> dielectric function</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10495/theoretical-investigations-on-optical-properties-of-gafemnn-quaternary-compound" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10495.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">368</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51099</span> Study on Angle Measurement Interferometer around Any Axis Direction Selected by Transmissive Liquid Crystal Device </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Furutani">R. Furutani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Kikuchi"> G. Kikuchi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Generally, the optical interferometer system is too complicated and difficult to change the measurement items, pitch, yaw, and row, etc. In this article, the optical interferometer system using the transmissive Liquid Crystal Device (LCD) as the switch of the optical path was proposed. At first, the normal optical interferometer, Michelson interferometer, was constructed to measure the pitch angle and the yaw angle. In this optical interferometer, the ball lenses with the refractive indices of 2.0 were used as the retroreflectors. After that, the transmissive LCD was introduced as the switch to select the adequate optical path. In this article, these optical systems were constructed. Pitch measurement interferometer and yaw measurement interferometer were switched by the transmissive LCD. When the LCD was open for the yaw measurement, the yaw was sufficiently measured and optical path for the pitch measurement was blocked. On the other hand, when the LCD was open for the pitch measurement, the pitch was measured and the optical path for the yaw measurement was also blocked. In this article, the results of both of pitch measurement and yaw measurement were shown, and the result of blocked yaw measurement and pitch measurement were shown. As this measurement system was based on Michelson interferometer, the other measuring items, the deviation along the optical axis, the vertical deviation to the optical axis and row angle, could be measured by the additional ball lenses and the additional switching in future work. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=any%20direction%20angle" title="any direction angle">any direction angle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ball%20lens" title=" ball lens"> ball lens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20interferometer" title=" laser interferometer"> laser interferometer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transmissive%20liquid%20crystal%20device" title=" transmissive liquid crystal device"> transmissive liquid crystal device</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106989/study-on-angle-measurement-interferometer-around-any-axis-direction-selected-by-transmissive-liquid-crystal-device" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106989.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">162</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51098</span> Enhancement of coupler-based delay line filters modulation techniques using optical wireless channel and amplifiers at 100 Gbit/s</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Divya%20Sisodiya">Divya Sisodiya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deepika%20Sipal"> Deepika Sipal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Optical wireless communication (OWC) is a relatively new technology in optical communication systems that allows for high-speed wireless optical communication. This research focuses on developing a cost-effective OWC system using a hybrid configuration of optical amplifiers. In addition to using EDFA amplifiers, a comparison study was conducted to determine which modulation technique is more effective for communication. This research examines the performance of an OWC system based on ASK and PSK modulation techniques by varying OWC parameters under various atmospheric conditions such as rain, mist, haze, and snow. Finally, the simulation results are discussed and analyzed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OWC" title="OWC">OWC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bit%20error%20rate" title=" bit error rate"> bit error rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=amplitude%20shift%20keying" title=" amplitude shift keying"> amplitude shift keying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20shift%20keying" title=" phase shift keying"> phase shift keying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attenuation" title=" attenuation"> attenuation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=amplifiers" title=" amplifiers"> amplifiers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150218/enhancement-of-coupler-based-delay-line-filters-modulation-techniques-using-optical-wireless-channel-and-amplifiers-at-100-gbits" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150218.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51097</span> Determination of Optical Constants of Semiconductor Thin Films by Ellipsometry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A%C3%AFssa%20Manallah">Aïssa Manallah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Bouafia"> Mohamed Bouafia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ellipsometry is an optical method based on the study of the behavior of polarized light. The light reflected on a surface induces a change in the polarization state which depends on the characteristics of the material (complex refractive index and thickness of the different layers constituting the device). The purpose of this work is to determine the optical properties of semiconductor thin films by ellipsometry. This paper describes the experimental aspects concerning the semiconductor samples, the SE400 ellipsometer principle, and the results obtained by direct measurements of ellipsometric parameters and modelling using appropriate software. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ellipsometry" title="ellipsometry">ellipsometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20constants" title=" optical constants"> optical constants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semiconductors" title=" semiconductors"> semiconductors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thin%20films" title=" thin films"> thin films</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53464/determination-of-optical-constants-of-semiconductor-thin-films-by-ellipsometry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53464.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">308</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51096</span> A Framework for the Design of Green Giga Passive Optical Fiber Access Network in Kuwait</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20A.%20Hammadi">Ali A. Hammadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, a practical study on a commissioned Giga Passive Optical Network (GPON) fiber to the home access network in Kuwait is presented. The work covers the framework of the conceptual design of the deployed Passive Optical Networks (PONs), access network, optical fiber cable network distribution, technologies, and standards. The work also describes methodologies applied by system engineers for design of Optical Network Terminals (ONTs) and Optical Line Terminals (OLTs) transceivers with respect to the distance, operating wavelengths, splitting ratios. The results have demonstrated and justified the limitation of transmission distance of a PON link in Fiber to The Premises (FTTP) to not exceed 20 km. Optical Time Domain Reflector (OTDR) test has been carried for this project to confirm compliance with International Telecommunication Union (ITU) specifications regarding the total length of the deployed optical cable, total loss in dB, and loss per km in dB/km with respect to the operating wavelengths. OTDR test results with traces for segments of implemented fiber network will be provided and discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=passive%20optical%20networks%20%28PONs%29" title="passive optical networks (PONs)">passive optical networks (PONs)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber%20to%20the%20premises%20%28FTTx%29" title=" fiber to the premises (FTTx)"> fiber to the premises (FTTx)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=access%20network" title=" access network"> access network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OTDR" title=" OTDR"> OTDR</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83499/a-framework-for-the-design-of-green-giga-passive-optical-fiber-access-network-in-kuwait" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83499.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">288</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51095</span> Soliton Interaction in Multi-Core Optical Fiber: Application to WDM System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Arun%20Prakash">S. Arun Prakash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Malathi"> V. Malathi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20S.%20Mani%20Rajan"> M. S. Mani Rajan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The analytical bright two soliton solution of the 3-coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations with variable coefficients in birefringent optical fiber is obtained by Darboux transformation method. To the design of ultra-speed optical devices, Soliton interaction and control in birefringence fiber is investigated. Lax pair is constructed for N coupled NLS system through AKNS method. Using two soliton solution, we demonstrate different interaction behaviors of solitons in birefringent fiber depending on the choice of control parameters. Our results shows that interactions of optical solitons have some specific applications such as construction of logic gates, optical computing, soliton switching, and soliton amplification in wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20soliton" title="optical soliton">optical soliton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soliton%20interaction" title=" soliton interaction"> soliton interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soliton%20switching" title=" soliton switching"> soliton switching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WDM" title=" WDM"> WDM</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37276/soliton-interaction-in-multi-core-optical-fiber-application-to-wdm-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37276.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">505</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51094</span> The Effect of Aluminum Oxide Nanoparticles on the Optical Properties of (PVP-PEG) Blend</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hussein%20Hakim">Hussein Hakim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zainab%20Al-Ramadhan"> Zainab Al-Ramadhan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Hashim"> Ahmed Hashim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Polymer nano composites of polyvinylpyrrolidone and poly-ethylene glycol with different concentrations of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) nano particles have been prepared by solution cast method. The optical characterizations have been done by analyzing the absorption (A) spectra in the 300–800 nm spectral region. It was found that the optical energy gap decreases with the increasing of Al2O3 nano particles content. The optical constants (refractive index, extinction coefficient, real and imaginary parts of the dielectric constant) are changing with increasing aluminum oxide nano particle concentrations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanocomposites" title="nanocomposites">nanocomposites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyvinylpyrrolidone" title=" polyvinylpyrrolidone"> polyvinylpyrrolidone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20constants" title=" optical constants"> optical constants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymers" title=" polymers"> polymers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blend" title=" blend"> blend</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32971/the-effect-of-aluminum-oxide-nanoparticles-on-the-optical-properties-of-pvp-peg-blend" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32971.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">424</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51093</span> A Simple Low-Cost 2-D Optical Measurement System for Linear Guideways</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wen-Yuh%20Jywe">Wen-Yuh Jywe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bor-Jeng%20Lin"> Bor-Jeng Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jing-Chung%20Shen"> Jing-Chung Shen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeng-Dao%20Lee"> Jeng-Dao Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hsueh-Liang%20Huang"> Hsueh-Liang Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tung-Hsien%20Hsieh"> Tung-Hsien Hsieh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, a simple 2-D measurement system based on optical design was developed to measure the motion errors of the linear guideway. Compared with the transitional methods about the linear guideway for measuring the motion errors, our proposed 2-D optical measurement system can simultaneously measure horizontal and vertical running straightness errors for the linear guideway. The performance of the 2-D optical measurement system is verified by experimental results. The standard deviation of the 2-D optical measurement system is about 0.4 μm in the measurement range of 100 mm. The maximum measuring speed of the proposed automatic measurement instrument is 1 m/sec. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2-D%20measurement" title="2-D measurement">2-D measurement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20guideway" title=" linear guideway"> linear guideway</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motion%20errors" title=" motion errors"> motion errors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=running%20straightness" title=" running straightness"> running straightness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2973/a-simple-low-cost-2-d-optical-measurement-system-for-linear-guideways" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2973.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">492</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51092</span> Optical and Dielectric Properties of Self-Assembled 0D Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Insulator</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Kassou">S. Kassou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20El%20Mrabet"> R. El Mrabet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Belaaraj"> A. Belaaraj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Guionneau"> P. Guionneau</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Hadi"> N. Hadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Lamcharfi"> T. Lamcharfi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite-like [C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>]<sub>2</sub>ZnCl<sub>4</sub> (PEA-ZnCl<sub>4</sub>) was synthesized by saturated solutions method. X-ray powder diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, UV-visible transmittance, and capacitance meter measurements have been used to characterize the structure, the functional groups, the optical parameters, and the dielectric constants of the material. The material has a layered structure. The optical transmittance (T %) was recorded and applied to deduce the absorption coefficient (α) and optical band gap (Eg). The hybrid shows an insulator character with a direct band gap about 4.46 eV, and presents high dielectric constants up to a frequency of about 10<sup>5</sup> Hz, which suggests a ferroelectric behavior. The reported optical and dielectric properties can help to understand the fundamental properties of perovskite materials and also to be used for optimizing or designing new devices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dielectric%20constants" title="dielectric constants">dielectric constants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20band%20gap%20%28eg%29" title=" optical band gap (eg)"> optical band gap (eg)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20parameters" title=" optical parameters"> optical parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raman%20spectroscopy" title=" Raman spectroscopy"> Raman spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-assembly%20organic%20inorganic%20hybrid" title=" self-assembly organic inorganic hybrid"> self-assembly organic inorganic hybrid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65237/optical-and-dielectric-properties-of-self-assembled-0d-hybrid-organic-inorganic-insulator" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65237.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">404</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51091</span> Patented Free-Space Optical System for Auto Aligned Optical Beam Allowing to Compensate Mechanical Misalignments</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aurelien%20Boutin">Aurelien Boutin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In optical systems such as Variable Optical Delay Lines, where a collimated beam has to go back and forth, corner cubes are used in order to keep the reflected beam parallel to the incoming beam. However, the reflected beam can be laterally shifted, which will lead to losses. In this paper, we report on a patented optical design that allows keeping the reflected beam with the exact same position and direction whatever the displacement of the corner cube leading to zero losses. After explaining how the optical design works and theoretically allows to compensate for any defects in the translation of the corner cube, we will present the results of experimental comparisons between a standard layout (i.e., only corner cubes) and our optical layout. To compare both optical layouts, we used a fiber-to-fiber coupling setup. It consists of a couple of lights from one fiber to the other, thanks to two lenses. The ensemble [fiber+lense] is fixed and called a collimator so that the light is coupled from one collimator to another. Each collimator was precisely made in order to have a precise working distance. In the experiment, we measured and compared the Insertion Losses (IL) variations between both collimators with the distance between them (i.e., natural Gaussian beam coupling losses) and between both collimators in the different optical layouts tested, with the same optical length propagation. We will show that the IL variations of our setup are less than 0.05dB with respect to the IL variations of collimators alone. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=free-space%20optics" title="free-space optics">free-space optics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variable%20optical%20delay%20lines" title=" variable optical delay lines"> variable optical delay lines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20cavity" title=" optical cavity"> optical cavity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=auto-alignment" title=" auto-alignment"> auto-alignment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152717/patented-free-space-optical-system-for-auto-aligned-optical-beam-allowing-to-compensate-mechanical-misalignments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152717.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">100</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51090</span> Use Cases Analysis of Free Space Optical Communication System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kassem%20Saab">Kassem Saab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fritzen%20Bart"> Fritzen Bart</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yves-Marie%20Seveque"> Yves-Marie Seveque</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The deployment of Free Space Optical Communications (FSOC) systems requires the development of robust and reliable Optical Ground Stations (OGS) that can be easily installed and operated. To this end, the Engineering Department of Airbus Defence and Space is actively working on the development of innovative and compact OGS solutions that can be deployed in various environments and provide high-quality connectivity under different atmospheric conditions. This article presents an overview of our recent developments in this field, including an evaluation study of different use cases of the FSOC with respect to different atmospheric conditions. The goal is to provide OGS solutions that are both simple and highly effective, allowing for the deployment of high-speed communication networks in a wide range of scenarios. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=end%20to%20end%20optical%20communication" title="end to end optical communication">end to end optical communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20propagation" title=" laser propagation"> laser propagation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20ground%20station" title=" optical ground station"> optical ground station</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbulence" title=" turbulence"> turbulence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164531/use-cases-analysis-of-free-space-optical-communication-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164531.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">94</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51089</span> Effect of the Deposition Time of Hydrogenated Nanocrystalline Si Grown on Porous Alumina Film on Glass Substrate by Plasma Processing Chemical Vapor Deposition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Laatar">F. Laatar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Ktifa"> S. Ktifa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Ezzaouia"> H. Ezzaouia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) method is used to deposit hydrogenated nanocrystalline silicon films (nc-Si: H) on Porous Anodic Alumina Films (PAF) on glass substrate at different deposition duration. Influence of the deposition time on the physical properties of nc-Si: H grown on PAF was investigated through an extensive correlation between micro-structural and optical properties of these films. In this paper, we present an extensive study of the morphological, structural and optical properties of these films by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques and a UV-Vis-NIR spectrometer. It was found that the changes in DT can modify the films thickness, the surface roughness and eventually improve the optical properties of the composite. Optical properties (optical thicknesses, refractive indexes (n), absorption coefficients (α), extinction coefficients (k), and the values of the optical transitions EG) of this kind of samples were obtained using the data of the transmittance T and reflectance R spectra’s recorded by the UV–Vis–NIR spectrometer. We used Cauchy and Wemple–DiDomenico models for the analysis of the dispersion of the refractive index and the determination of the optical properties of these films. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydragenated%20nanocrystalline%20silicon" title="hydragenated nanocrystalline silicon">hydragenated nanocrystalline silicon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma%20processing%20chemical%20vapor%20deposition" title=" plasma processing chemical vapor deposition"> plasma processing chemical vapor deposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=X-ray%20diffraction" title=" X-ray diffraction"> X-ray diffraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20properties" title=" optical properties"> optical properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6992/effect-of-the-deposition-time-of-hydrogenated-nanocrystalline-si-grown-on-porous-alumina-film-on-glass-substrate-by-plasma-processing-chemical-vapor-deposition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6992.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">377</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51088</span> Many-Body Effect on Optical Gain of n+ Doping Tensile-Strained Ge/GeSiSn Quantum Wells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20J.%20Fan">W. J. Fan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20S.%20Ma"> B. S. Ma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The many-body effect on band structure and optical gain of n+ doping tensile-strained Ge/GeSiSn quantum wells are investigated by using an 8-band k•p method. Phase diagram of Ge/GeSiSn quantum well is obtained. The E-k dispersion curves, band gap renormalization and optical gain spectra including many-body effect will be calculated and discussed. We find that the k.p method without many-body effect will overestimate the optical gain and transition energy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Si%20photonics" title="Si photonics">Si photonics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=many-body%20effect" title=" many-body effect"> many-body effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20gain" title=" optical gain"> optical gain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ge-on-Si" title=" Ge-on-Si"> Ge-on-Si</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Quantum%20well" title=" Quantum well"> Quantum well</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13799/many-body-effect-on-optical-gain-of-n-doping-tensile-strained-gegesisn-quantum-wells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13799.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">734</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51087</span> Magnetic and Optical Properties of GaFeMnN</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.Abbad">A.Abbad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.A.Bentounes"> H.A.Bentounes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.Benstaali"> W.Benstaali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The full-potential linearized augmented plane wave method (FP-LAPW) within the Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA) is used to calculate the magnetic and optical properties of quaternary GaFeMnN. The results show that the compound becomes magnetic and half metallic and there is an apparition of peaks at low frequencies for the optical properties. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FP-LAPW" title="FP-LAPW">FP-LAPW</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LSDA" title=" LSDA"> LSDA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20moment" title=" magnetic moment"> magnetic moment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reflectivity" title=" reflectivity "> reflectivity </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26313/magnetic-and-optical-properties-of-gafemnn" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26313.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">524</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51086</span> Optical Flow Direction Determination for Railway Crossing Occupancy Monitoring</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zdenek%20Silar">Zdenek Silar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20Dobrovolny"> Martin Dobrovolny</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article deals with the obstacle detection on a railway crossing (clearance detection). Detection is based on the optical flow estimation and classification of the flow vectors by K-means clustering algorithm. For classification of passing vehicles is used optical flow direction determination. The optical flow estimation is based on a modified Lucas-Kanade method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=background%20estimation" title="background estimation">background estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direction%20of%20optical%20flow" title=" direction of optical flow"> direction of optical flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K-means%20clustering" title=" K-means clustering"> K-means clustering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=objects%20detection" title=" objects detection"> objects detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=railway%20crossing%20monitoring" title=" railway crossing monitoring"> railway crossing monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=velocity%20vectors" title=" velocity vectors"> velocity vectors</a> </p> <a 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