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method</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: sandwich method"> <meta name="keywords" content="sandwich method"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="sandwich method"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 19030</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: sandwich method</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19030</span> Experimental Study of Various Sandwich Composites</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Naveen">R. Naveen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Vanitha"> E. Vanitha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Gayathri"> S. Gayathri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of Sandwich composite materials in aerospace and civil infrastructure application has been increasing especially due to their enormously low weight that leads to a reduction in the total weight and fuel consumption, high flexural and transverse shear stiffness, and corrosion resistance. The essential properties of sandwich materials vary according to the application area of the structure. The objectives of this study are to identify the mechanical behaviour and failure mechanisms of sandwich structures made of bamboo, V- board and metal (Aluminium as face sheet and Foam as Core material). The three-point bending test and UTM (Universal testing machine) experimental tests are done for three specimens for each type of sandwich composites. From the experiment results of three sandwich composites, bamboo shows high Young’s modulus of elasticity and low density. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bamboo%20sandwich%20composite" title="bamboo sandwich composite">bamboo sandwich composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metal%20sandwich%20composite" title=" metal sandwich composite"> metal sandwich composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandwich%20composite" title=" sandwich composite"> sandwich composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=v-board%20sandwich%20composite" title=" v-board sandwich composite"> v-board sandwich composite</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56841/experimental-study-of-various-sandwich-composites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56841.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">257</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19029</span> Numerical Investigation of Poling Vector Angle on Adaptive Sandwich Plate Deflection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alireza%20Pouladkhan">Alireza Pouladkhan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Yavari%20Foroushani"> Mohammad Yavari Foroushani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Mortazavi"> Ali Mortazavi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a finite element model for a sandwich plate containing a piezoelectric core. A sandwich plate with a piezoelectric core is constructed using the shear mode of piezoelectric materials. The orientation of poling vector has a significant effect on deflection and stress induced in the piezo-actuated adaptive sandwich plate. In the present study, the influence of this factor for a clamped-clamped-free-free and simple-simple-free-free square sandwich plate is investigated using Finite Element Method. The study uses ABAQUS (v.6.7) software to derive the finite element model of the sandwich plate. By using this model, the study gives the influences of the poling vector angle on the response of the smart structure and determines the maximum transverse displacement and maximum stress induced. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20method" title="finite element method">finite element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandwich%20plate" title=" sandwich plate"> sandwich plate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poling%20vector" title=" poling vector"> poling vector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=piezoelectric%20materials" title=" piezoelectric materials"> piezoelectric materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20structure" title=" smart structure"> smart structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electric%20enthalpy" title=" electric enthalpy"> electric enthalpy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6825/numerical-investigation-of-poling-vector-angle-on-adaptive-sandwich-plate-deflection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6825.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">233</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19028</span> Flexural Test of Diversing Foam Core Sandwich Composites </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Santhana%20Krishnan%20R">Santhana Krishnan R</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Preetha%20C"> Preetha C</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sandwich construction with strong and stiffness facing and light weight cores is increasingly cores being used in structures where the predominant loads are flexural. The objective of this study is to improve the flexural performances of foam core sandwich composite via structural core modifications considering the ease of application. The performances of single core perforated and divided core perforated sandwich composites are compared with each other. The future demands of sandwich composites in recent years on aeronautics and marine industries are being increasing in their research needs and these materials has their superior properties for upgrading engineering products. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandwich%20composites" title="sandwich composites">sandwich composites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perforated%20cores" title=" perforated cores"> perforated cores</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexural%20test" title=" flexural test"> flexural test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20and%20divided%20core%20perforated" title=" single and divided core perforated"> single and divided core perforated</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128162/flexural-test-of-diversing-foam-core-sandwich-composites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128162.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19027</span> Development of a Direct Immunoassay for Human Ferritin Using Diffraction-Based Sensing Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joel%20Ballesteros">Joel Ballesteros</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harriet%20Jane%20Caleja"> Harriet Jane Caleja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Florian%20Del%20Mundo"> Florian Del Mundo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cherrie%20Pascual"> Cherrie Pascual</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diffraction-based sensing was utilized in the quantification of human ferritin in blood serum to provide an alternative to label-based immunoassays currently used in clinical diagnostics and researches. The diffraction intensity was measured by the diffractive optics technology or dotLab™ system. Two methods were evaluated in this study: direct immunoassay and direct sandwich immunoassay. In the direct immunoassay, human ferritin was captured by human ferritin antibodies immobilized on an avidin-coated sensor while the direct sandwich immunoassay had an additional step for the binding of a detector human ferritin antibody on the analyte complex. Both methods were repeatable with coefficient of variation values below 15%. The direct sandwich immunoassay had a linear response from 10 to 500 ng/mL which is wider than the 100-500 ng/mL of the direct immunoassay. The direct sandwich immunoassay also has a higher calibration sensitivity with value 0.002 Diffractive Intensity (ng mL-1)-1) compared to the 0.004 Diffractive Intensity (ng mL-1)-1 of the direct immunoassay. The limit of detection and limit of quantification values of the direct immunoassay were found to be 29 ng/mL and 98 ng/mL, respectively, while the direct sandwich immunoassay has a limit of detection (LOD) of 2.5 ng/mL and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 8.2 ng/mL. In terms of accuracy, the direct immunoassay had a percent recovery of 88.8-93.0% in PBS while the direct sandwich immunoassay had 94.1 to 97.2%. Based on the results, the direct sandwich immunoassay is a better diffraction-based immunoassay in terms of accuracy, LOD, LOQ, linear range, and sensitivity. The direct sandwich immunoassay was utilized in the determination of human ferritin in blood serum and the results are validated by Chemiluminescent Magnetic Immunoassay (CMIA). The calculated Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.995 and the p-values of the paired-sample t-test were less than 0.5 which show that the results of the direct sandwich immunoassay was comparable to that of CMIA and could be utilized as an alternative analytical method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biosensor" title="biosensor">biosensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffraction" title=" diffraction"> diffraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferritin" title=" ferritin"> ferritin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immunoassay" title=" immunoassay"> immunoassay</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62082/development-of-a-direct-immunoassay-for-human-ferritin-using-diffraction-based-sensing-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62082.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">354</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19026</span> Free Vibration Analysis of Symmetric Sandwich Beams</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibnorachid%20Zakaria">Ibnorachid Zakaria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=El%20Bikri%20Khalid"> El Bikri Khalid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benamar%20Rhali"> Benamar Rhali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farah%20Abdoun"> Farah Abdoun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of the present work is to study the linear free symmetric vibration of three-layer sandwich beam using the energy method. The zigzag model is used to describe the displacement field. The theoretical model is based on the top and bottom layers behave like Euler-Bernoulli beams while the core layer like a Timoshenko beam. Based on Hamilton’s principle, the governing equation of motion sandwich beam is obtained in order to calculate the linear frequency parameters for a clamped-clamped and simple supported-simple-supported beams. The effects of material properties and geometric parameters on the natural frequencies are also investigated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20vibration" title="linear vibration">linear vibration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandwich" title=" sandwich"> sandwich</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20deformation" title=" shear deformation"> shear deformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Timoshenko%20zig-zag%20model" title=" Timoshenko zig-zag model"> Timoshenko zig-zag model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20383/free-vibration-analysis-of-symmetric-sandwich-beams" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20383.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">474</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19025</span> Geometrically Linear Symmetric Free Vibration Analysis of Sandwich Beam </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibnorachid%20Zakaria">Ibnorachid Zakaria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=El%20Bikri%20Khalid"> El Bikri Khalid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benamar%20Rhali"> Benamar Rhali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farah%20Abdoun"> Farah Abdoun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of the present work is to study the linear free symmetric vibration of three-layer sandwich beam using the energy method. The zigzag model is used to describe the displacement field. The theoretical model is based on the top and bottom layers behave like Euler-Bernoulli beams while the core layer like a Timoshenko beam. Based on Hamilton’s principle, the governing equation of motion sandwich beam is obtained in order to calculate the linear frequency parameters for a clamped-clamped and simple supported-simple-supported beams. The effects of material properties and geometric parameters on the natural frequencies are also investigated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20vibration" title="linear vibration">linear vibration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandwich" title=" sandwich"> sandwich</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20deformation" title=" shear deformation"> shear deformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Timoshenko%20zig-zag%20model" title=" Timoshenko zig-zag model"> Timoshenko zig-zag model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19506/geometrically-linear-symmetric-free-vibration-analysis-of-sandwich-beam" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19506.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">472</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19024</span> The Free Vibration Analysis of Honeycomb Sandwich Beam using 3D and Continuum Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G%C3%BCrkan%20%C5%9Eakar">Gürkan Şakar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fevzi%20%C3%87akmak%20Bolat"> Fevzi Çakmak Bolat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study free vibration analysis of aluminum honeycomb sandwich structures were carried out experimentally and numerically. The natural frequencies and mode shapes of sandwich structures fabricated with different configurations for clamped-free boundary condition were determined. The effects of lower and upper face sheet thickness, the core material thickness, cell diameter, cell angle and foil thickness on the vibration characteristics were examined. The numerical studies were performed with ANSYS package. While the sandwich structures were modeled in ANSYS the continuum model was used. Later, the numerical results were compared with the experimental findings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandwich%20structure" title="sandwich structure">sandwich structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=free%20vibration" title=" free vibration"> free vibration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numeric%20analysis" title=" numeric analysis"> numeric analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20model" title=" 3D model"> 3D model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continuum%20model" title=" continuum model"> continuum model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31180/the-free-vibration-analysis-of-honeycomb-sandwich-beam-using-3d-and-continuum-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31180.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">417</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19023</span> Static and Dynamic Behaviors of Sandwich Structures With Metallic Connections</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shidokht%20Rashiddadash">Shidokht Rashiddadash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mojtaba%20Sadighi"> Mojtaba Sadighi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soheil%20Dariushi"> Soheil Dariushi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since sandwich structures are used in many areas ranging from ships, trains, automobiles, aircrafts, bridge and building, connecting sandwich structures is necessary almost in all industries. So application of metallic joints between sandwich panels is increasing. Various joining methods are available such as mechanically fastened joints (riveting or bolting) or adhesively bonded joints and choosing one of them depends on the application. In this research, sandwich specimens were fabricated with two different types of metallic connections with dissimilar geometries. These specimens included beams and plates and were manufactured using glass-epoxy skins and aluminum honeycomb core. After construction of the specimens, bending and low velocity impact tests were executed on them and the behaviors of specimens were discussed. Numerical models were developed using LS-DYNA software and validated with test results. Finally, parametric studies were performed on the thicknesses and lengths of two connections by employing the numerical models. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=connection" title="connection">connection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=honeycomb" title=" honeycomb"> honeycomb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20velocity%20impact" title=" low velocity impact"> low velocity impact</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandwich%20panel" title=" sandwich panel"> sandwich panel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20test" title=" static test"> static test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179005/static-and-dynamic-behaviors-of-sandwich-structures-with-metallic-connections" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179005.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">56</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19022</span> Optimization of FGM Sandwich Beams Using Imperialist Competitive Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeed%20Kamarian">Saeed Kamarian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20Shakeri"> Mahmoud Shakeri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sandwich structures are used in a variety of engineering applications including aircraft, construction and transportation where strong, stiff and light structures are required. In this paper, frequency maximization of Functionally Graded Sandwich (FGS) beams resting on Pasternak foundations is investigated. A generalized power-law distribution with four parameters is considered for material distribution through the thicknesses of face layers. Since the search space is large, the optimization processes becomes so complicated and too much time consuming. Thus a novel meta–heuristic called Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (ICA) which is a socio-politically motivated global search strategy is implemented to improve the speed of optimization process. Results show the success of applying ICA for engineering problems especially for design optimization of FGM sandwich beams. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandwich%20beam" title="sandwich beam">sandwich beam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functionally%20graded%20materials" title=" functionally graded materials"> functionally graded materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imperialist%20competitive%20algorithm" title=" imperialist competitive algorithm"> imperialist competitive algorithm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36179/optimization-of-fgm-sandwich-beams-using-imperialist-competitive-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36179.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">569</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19021</span> [Keynote Talk]: Three Dimensional Finite Element Analysis of Functionally Graded Radiation Shielding Nanoengineered Sandwich Composites</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasim%20Abuali%20Galehdari">Nasim Abuali Galehdari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thomas%20J.%20Ryan"> Thomas J. Ryan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ajit%20D.%20Kelkar"> Ajit D. Kelkar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, nanotechnology has played an important role in the design of an efficient radiation shielding polymeric composites. It is well known that, high loading of nanomaterials with radiation absorption properties can enhance the radiation attenuation efficiency of shielding structures. However, due to difficulties in dispersion of nanomaterials into polymer matrices, there has been a limitation in higher loading percentages of nanoparticles in the polymer matrix. Therefore, the objective of the present work is to provide a methodology to fabricate and then to characterize the functionally graded radiation shielding structures, which can provide an efficient radiation absorption property along with good structural integrity. Sandwich structures composed of Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) fabric as face sheets and functionally graded epoxy nanocomposite as core material were fabricated. A method to fabricate a functionally graded core panel with controllable gradient dispersion of nanoparticles is discussed. In order to optimize the design of functionally graded sandwich composites and to analyze the stress distribution throughout the sandwich composite thickness, a finite element method was used. The sandwich panels were discretized using 3-Dimensional 8 nodded brick elements. Classical laminate analysis in conjunction with simplified micromechanics equations were used to obtain the properties of the face sheets. The presented finite element model would provide insight into deformation and damage mechanics of the functionally graded sandwich composites from the structural point of view. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanotechnology" title="nanotechnology">nanotechnology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functionally%20graded%20material" title=" functionally graded material"> functionally graded material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20shielding" title=" radiation shielding"> radiation shielding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandwich%20composites" title=" sandwich composites"> sandwich composites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20method" title=" finite element method"> finite element method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65681/keynote-talk-three-dimensional-finite-element-analysis-of-functionally-graded-radiation-shielding-nanoengineered-sandwich-composites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65681.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">469</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19020</span> Quasi-Static Resistance Function Quantification for Lightweight Sandwich Panels: Experimental Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasser%20A.%20Khalifa">Yasser A. Khalifa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20J.%20Tait"> Michael J. Tait</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20M.%20Asce"> A. M. Asce</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wael%20W.%20El-Dakhakhni"> Wael W. El-Dakhakhni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Asce"> M. Asce</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The quasi-static resistance functions for orthogonal corrugated core sandwich panels were determined experimentally. According to the American and Canadian codes for blast resistant designs of buildings UFC 3-340-02, ASCE/SEI 59-11, and CSA/ S850-12 the dynamic behavior is related to the static behavior under uniform loading. The target was to design a lightweight, relatively cheap, and quick sandwich panel to be employed as a sacrificial cladding for important buildings. For that an available corrugated cold formed steel sheet profile in North America was used as a core for the sandwich panel, in addition to using a quick, relatively low cost fabrication technique in the construction process. Six orthogonal corrugated core sandwich panels were tested and the influence of core sheet gauge on the behavior of the sandwich panels was explored using two different gauges. Failure modes, yield forces, ultimate forces, and corresponding deformations were determined and discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cold%20formed%20steel" title="cold formed steel">cold formed steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lightweight%20structure" title=" lightweight structure"> lightweight structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandwich%20panel" title=" sandwich panel"> sandwich panel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sacrificial%20cladding" title=" sacrificial cladding"> sacrificial cladding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uniform%20loading" title=" uniform loading"> uniform loading</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19165/quasi-static-resistance-function-quantification-for-lightweight-sandwich-panels-experimental-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19165.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">488</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19019</span> Local Buckling of Web-Core and Foam-Core Sandwich Panels</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20N.%20Suri">Ali N. Suri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20A.%20Al-Makhlufi"> Ahmad A. Al-Makhlufi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sandwich construction is widely accepted as a method of construction especially in the aircraft industry. It is a type of stressed skin construction formed by bonding two thin faces to a thick core, the faces resist all of the applied edge loads and provide all or nearly all of the required rigidities, the core spaces the faces to increase cross section moment of inertia about common neutral axis and transmit shear between them provides a perfect bond between core and faces is made. Material for face sheets can be of metal or reinforced plastics laminates, core material can be metallic cores of thin sheets forming corrugation or honeycomb, or non-metallic core of Balsa wood, plastic foams, or honeycomb made of reinforced plastics. For in plane axial loading web core and web-foam core Sandwich panels can fail by local buckling of plates forming the cross section with buckling wave length of the order of length of spacing between webs. In this study local buckling of web core and web-foam core Sandwich panels is carried out for given materials of facing and core, and given panel overall dimension for different combinations of cross section geometries. The Finite Strip Method is used for the analysis, and Fortran based computer program is developed and used. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20buckling" title="local buckling">local buckling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20strip" title=" finite strip"> finite strip</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandwich%20panels" title=" sandwich panels"> sandwich panels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=web%20and%20foam%20core" title=" web and foam core"> web and foam core</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7299/local-buckling-of-web-core-and-foam-core-sandwich-panels" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7299.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">351</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19018</span> Flexural Response of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Sandwich Panels with 3D Woven Honeycomb Core</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elif%20Kalkanli">Elif Kalkanli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Constantinos%20Soutis"> Constantinos Soutis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of textile preform in the advanced fields including aerospace, automotive and marine has exponentially grown in recent years. These preforms offer excellent advantages such as being lightweight and low-cost, and also, their suitability for creating different fiber architectures with different materials whilst improved mechanical properties in certain aspects. In this study, a novel honeycomb core is developed by a 3Dweaving process. The assembly of the layers is achieved thanks to innovative weaving design. Polyester yarn is selected for the 3D woven honeycomb core (3DWHC). The core is used to manufacture a sandwich panel with 2x2 twill glass fiber composite face sheets. These 3DWHC sandwich panels will be tested in three-point bending. The in-plane and out-of-plane (through-the-thickness) mechanical response of the core will be examined as a function of cell size in addition to the flexural response of the sandwich panel. The failure mechanisms of the core and the sandwich skins will be reported in addition to flexural strength and stiffness. Possible engineering applications will be identified. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20woven" title="3D woven">3D woven</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assembly" title=" assembly"> assembly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=failure%20modes" title=" failure modes"> failure modes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=honeycomb%20sandwich%20panel" title=" honeycomb sandwich panel"> honeycomb sandwich panel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75038/flexural-response-of-glass-fiber-reinforced-polymer-sandwich-panels-with-3d-woven-honeycomb-core" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75038.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">206</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19017</span> Statistical Analysis of Parameters Effects on Maximum Strain and Torsion Angle of FRP Honeycomb Sandwich Panels Subjected to Torsion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehdi%20Modabberifar">Mehdi Modabberifar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Milad%20Roodi"> Milad Roodi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ehsan%20Souri"> Ehsan Souri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, honeycomb fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) sandwich panels have been increasingly used in various industries. Low weight, low price, and high mechanical strength are the benefits of these structures. However, their mechanical properties and behavior have not been fully explored. The objective of this study is to conduct a combined numerical-statistical investigation of honeycomb FRP sandwich beams subject to torsion load. In this paper, the effect of geometric parameters of the sandwich panel on the maximum shear strain in both face and core and angle of torsion in a honeycomb FRP sandwich structures in torsion is investigated. The effect of Parameters including core thickness, face skin thickness, cell shape, cell size, and cell thickness on mechanical behavior of the structure were numerically investigated. Main effects of factors were considered in this paper and regression equations were derived. Taguchi method was employed as experimental design and an optimum parameter combination for the maximum structure stiffness has been obtained. The results showed that cell size and face skin thickness have the most significant impacts on torsion angle, maximum shear strain in face and core. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element" title="finite element">finite element</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=honeycomb%20FRP%20sandwich%20panel" title=" honeycomb FRP sandwich panel"> honeycomb FRP sandwich panel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=torsion" title=" torsion"> torsion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=civil%20engineering" title=" civil engineering"> civil engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27895/statistical-analysis-of-parameters-effects-on-maximum-strain-and-torsion-angle-of-frp-honeycomb-sandwich-panels-subjected-to-torsion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27895.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">418</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19016</span> Vibration Frequency Analysis of Sandwich Nano-Plate on Visco Pasternak Foundation by Using Modified Couple Stress Theory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamed%20Khani%20Arani">Hamed Khani Arani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Shariyat"> Mohammad Shariyat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Armaghan%20Mohammadian"> Armaghan Mohammadian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this research, the free vibration of a rectangular sandwich nano-plate (SNP) made of three smart layers in the visco Pasternak foundation is studied. The core of the sandwich is a piezo magnetic nano-plate integrated with two layers of piezoelectric materials. First-order shear deformation plate theory is utilized to derive the motion equations by using Hamilton’s principle, piezoelectricity, and modified couple stress theory. Elastic medium is modeled by visco Pasternak foundation, where the damping coefficient effect is investigated on the stability of sandwich nano-plate. These equations are solved by the differential quadrature method (DQM), considering different boundary conditions. Results indicate the effect of various parameters such as aspect ratio, thickness ratio, shear correction factor, damping coefficient, and boundary conditions on the dimensionless frequency of sandwich nano-plate. The results are also compared by those available in the literature, and these findings can be used for automotive industry, communications equipment, active noise, stability, and vibration cancellation systems and utilized for designing the magnetostrictive actuator, motor, transducer and sensors in nano and micro smart structures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=free%20vibration" title="free vibration">free vibration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modified%20couple%20stress%20theory" title=" modified couple stress theory"> modified couple stress theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandwich%20nano-plate" title=" sandwich nano-plate"> sandwich nano-plate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visco%20Pasternak%20foundation" title=" visco Pasternak foundation"> visco Pasternak foundation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125478/vibration-frequency-analysis-of-sandwich-nano-plate-on-visco-pasternak-foundation-by-using-modified-couple-stress-theory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125478.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">138</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19015</span> Pedestrian Safe Bumper Design from Commingled Glass Fiber/Polypropylene Reinforced Sandwich Composites</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Onal">L. Onal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study is to optimize manufacturing process for thermoplastic sandwich composite structures for the pedestrian safety of automobiles subjected to collision condition. In particular, cost-effective manufacturing techniques for sandwich structures with commingled GF/PP skins and low-density foam cores are being investigated. The performance of these structures under bending load is being studied. Samples are manufactured using compression moulding technique. The relationship of this performance to processing parameters such as mould temperature, moulding time, moulding pressure and sequence of the layers during moulding is being investigated. The results of bending tests are discussed in the light of the moulding conditions and conclusions are given regarding optimum set of processing conditions using the compression moulding route <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=twintex" title="twintex">twintex</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexural%20properties" title=" flexural properties"> flexural properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automobile%20composites" title=" automobile composites"> automobile composites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandwich%20structures" title=" sandwich structures"> sandwich structures</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19400/pedestrian-safe-bumper-design-from-commingled-glass-fiberpolypropylene-reinforced-sandwich-composites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19400.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">431</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19014</span> Hexagonal Honeycomb Sandwich Plate Optimization Using Gravitational Search Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Boudjemai">A. Boudjemai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Zafrane"> A. Zafrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Hocine"> R. Hocine</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Honeycomb sandwich panels are increasingly used in the construction of space vehicles because of their outstanding strength, stiffness and light weight properties. However, the use of honeycomb sandwich plates comes with difficulties in the design process as a result of the large number of design variables involved, including composite material design, shape and geometry. Hence, this work deals with the presentation of an optimal design of hexagonal honeycomb sandwich structures subjected to space environment. The optimization process is performed using a set of algorithms including the gravitational search algorithm (GSA). Numerical results are obtained and presented for a set of algorithms. The results obtained by the GSA algorithm are much better compared to other algorithms used in this study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title="optimization">optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gravitational%20search%20algorithm" title=" gravitational search algorithm"> gravitational search algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithm" title=" genetic algorithm"> genetic algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=honeycomb%20plate" title=" honeycomb plate"> honeycomb plate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10421/hexagonal-honeycomb-sandwich-plate-optimization-using-gravitational-search-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10421.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">377</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19013</span> Sandwich Structure Composites: Effect of Kenaf on Mechanical Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maizatulnisa%20Othman">Maizatulnisa Othman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamad%20Bukhari"> Mohamad Bukhari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahurin%20Halim"> Zahurin Halim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Souad%20A.%20Muhammad"> Souad A. Muhammad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khalisani%20Khalid"> Khalisani Khalid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sandwich structure composites produced by epoxy core and aluminium skin were developed as potential building materials. Interface bonding between core and skin was controlled by varying kenaf content. Five different weight percentage of kenaf loading ranging from 10 wt% to 50 wt% were employed in the core manufacturing in order to study the mechanical properties of the sandwich composite. Properties of skin aluminium with epoxy were found to be affected by drying time of the adhesive. Mechanical behavior of manufactured sandwich composites in relation with properties of constituent materials was studied. It was found that 30 wt% of kenaf loading contributed to increase the flexural strength and flexural modulus up to 102 MPa and 32 Gpa, respectively. Analysis were done on the flatwise and edgewise compression test. For flatwise test, it was found that 30 wt% of fiber loading could withstand maximum force until 250 kN, with compressive strength results at 96.94 MPa. However, at edgewise compression test, the sandwich composite with same fiber loading only can withstand 31 kN of the maximum load with 62 MPa of compressive strength results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandwich%20structure%20composite" title="sandwich structure composite">sandwich structure composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epoxy" title=" epoxy"> epoxy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminium" title=" aluminium"> aluminium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kenaf%20fiber" title=" kenaf fiber "> kenaf fiber </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19014/sandwich-structure-composites-effect-of-kenaf-on-mechanical-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19014.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">393</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19012</span> Experimental Investigation on the Fire Performance of Corrugated Sandwich Panels made from Renewable Material</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Avishek%20Chanda">Avishek Chanda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nam%20Kyeun%20Kim"> Nam Kyeun Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Debes%20Bhattacharyya"> Debes Bhattacharyya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of renewable substitutes in various semi-structural and structural applications has experienced an increase since the last few decades. Sandwich panels have been used for many decades, although research on understanding the effects of the core structures on the panels’ fire-reaction properties is limited. The current work investigates the fire-performance of a corrugated sandwich panel made from renewable, biodegradable, and sustainable material, plywood. The bench-scale fire testing apparatus, cone-calorimeter, was employed to evaluate the required fire-reaction properties of the sandwich core in a panel configuration, with three corrugated layers glued together with face-sheets under a heat irradiance of 50 kW/m<sup>2</sup>. The study helped in documenting a unique heat release trend associated with the fire performance of the 3-layered corrugated sandwich panels and in understanding the structural stability of the samples in the event of a fire. Furthermore, the total peak heat release rate was observed to be around 421 kW/m<sup>2</sup>, which is significantly low compared to many polymeric materials in the literature. The total smoke production was also perceived to be very limited compared to other structural materials, and the total heat release was also nominal. The time to ignition of 21.7 s further outlined the advantages of using the plywood component since polymeric composites, even with flame-retardant additives, tend to ignite faster. Overall, the corrugated plywood sandwich panels had significant fire-reaction properties and could have important structural applications. The possible use of structural panels made from bio-degradable material opens a new avenue for the use of similar structures in sandwich panel preparation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrugated%20sandwich%20panel" title="corrugated sandwich panel">corrugated sandwich panel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire-reaction%20properties" title=" fire-reaction properties"> fire-reaction properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plywood" title=" plywood"> plywood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20material" title=" renewable material"> renewable material</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132693/experimental-investigation-on-the-fire-performance-of-corrugated-sandwich-panels-made-from-renewable-material" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132693.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19011</span> A Study on the Reinforced Earth Walls Using Sandwich Backfills under Seismic Loads</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kavitha%20A.S.">Kavitha A.S.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.Govindaraju"> L.Govindaraju</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Reinforced earth walls offer excellent solution to many problems associated with earth retaining structures especially under seismic conditions. Use of cohesive soils as backfill material reduces the cost of reinforced soil walls if proper drainage measures are taken. This paper presents a numerical study on the application of a new technique called sandwich technique in reinforced earth walls. In this technique, a thin layer of granular soil is placed above and below the reinforcement layer to initiate interface friction and the remaining portion of the backfill is filled up using the existing insitu cohesive soil. A 6 m high reinforced earth wall has been analysed as a two-dimensional plane strain ﬁnite element model. Three types of reinforcing elements such as geotextile, geogrid and metallic strips were used. The horizontal wall displacements and the tensile loads in the reinforcement were used as the criteria to evaluate the results at the end of construction and dynamic excitation phases. Also to verify the effectiveness of sandwich layer on the performance of the wall, the thickness of sand fill surrounding the reinforcement was varied. At the end of construction stage it is found that the wall with sandwich type backfill yielded lower displacements when compared to the wall with cohesive soil as backfill. Also with sandwich backfill, the reinforcement loads reduced substantially when compared to the wall with cohesive soil as backfill. Further, it is found that sandwich technique as backfill and geogrid as reinforcement is a good combination to reduce the deformations of geosynthetic reinforced walls during seismic loading. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geogrid" title="geogrid">geogrid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geotextile" title=" geotextile"> geotextile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinforced%20earth" title=" reinforced earth"> reinforced earth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandwich%20technique" title=" sandwich technique"> sandwich technique</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41479/a-study-on-the-reinforced-earth-walls-using-sandwich-backfills-under-seismic-loads" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41479.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">287</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19010</span> Effect of Upper Face Sheet Material on Flexural Strength of Polyurethane Foam Hybrid Sandwich Material</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Atef%20Gabr">M. Atef Gabr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20H.%20Abdel%20Latif"> M. H. Abdel Latif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramadan%20El%20Gamsy"> Ramadan El Gamsy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sandwich panels comprise a thick, light-weight plastic foam such as polyurethane (PU) sandwiched between two relatively thin faces. One or both faces may be flat, lightly profiled or fully profiled. Until recently sandwich panel construction in Egypt has been widely used in cold-storage buildings, cold trucks, prefabricated buildings and insulation in construction. Recently new techniques are used in mass production of Sandwich Materials such as Reaction Injection Molding (RIM) and Vacuum bagging technique. However, in recent times their use has increased significantly due to their widespread structural applications in building systems. Structural sandwich panels generally used in Egypt comprise polyurethane foam core and thinner (0.42 mm) and high strength about 550 MPa (yield strength) flat steel faces bonded together using separate adhesives and By RIM technique. In this paper, we will use a new technique in sandwich panel preparation by using different face sheet materials in combination with polyurethane foam to form sandwich panel structures. Previously, PU Foam core with same thin 2 faces material was used, but in this work, we use different face materials and thicknesses for the upper face sheet such as Galvanized steel sheets (G.S),Aluminum sheets (Al),Fiberglass sheets (F.G) and Aluminum-Rubber composite sheets (Al/R) with polyurethane foam core 10 mm thickness and 45 Kg/m3 Density and Galvanized steel as lower face sheet. Using Aluminum-Rubber composite sheets as face sheet is considered a hybrid composite sandwich panel which is built by Hand-Layup technique by using PU glue as adhesive. This modification increases the benefits of the face sheet that will withstand different working environments with relatively small increase in its weight and will be useful in several applications. In this work, a 3-point bending test is used assistant professor to measure the most important factor in sandwich materials that is strength to weight ratio(STW) for different combinations of sandwich structures and make a comparison to study the effect of changing the face sheet material on the mechanical behavior of PU sandwich material. Also, the density of the different prepared sandwich materials will be measured to obtain the specific bending strength. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20sandwich%20panel" title="hybrid sandwich panel">hybrid sandwich panel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20behavior" title=" mechanical behavior"> mechanical behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PU%20foam" title=" PU foam"> PU foam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandwich%20panel" title=" sandwich panel"> sandwich panel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3-point%20bending" title=" 3-point bending"> 3-point bending</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexural%20strength" title=" flexural strength"> flexural strength</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47190/effect-of-upper-face-sheet-material-on-flexural-strength-of-polyurethane-foam-hybrid-sandwich-material" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47190.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">317</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19009</span> Numerical Study of Elastic Performances of Sandwich Beam with Carbon-Fibre Reinforced Skins </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soukaina%20Ounss">Soukaina Ounss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamid%20Mounir"> Hamid Mounir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdellatif%20El%20Marjani"> Abdellatif El Marjani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sandwich materials with composite reinforced skins are mostly required in advanced construction applications with a view to ensure resistant structures. Their lightweight, their high flexural stiffness and their optimal thermal insulation make them a suitable solution to obtain efficient structures with performing rigidity and optimal energy safety. In this paper, the mechanical behavior of a sandwich beam with composite skins reinforced by unidirectional carbon fibers is investigated numerically through analyzing the impact of reinforcements specifications on the longitudinal elastic modulus in order to select the adequate sandwich configuration that has an interesting rigidity and an accurate convergence to the analytical approach which is proposed to verify performed numerical simulations. Therefore, concerned study starts by testing flexion performances of skins with various fibers orientations and volume fractions to determine those to use in sandwich beam. For that, the combination of a reinforcement inclination of 30° and a volume ratio of 60% is selected with the one with 60° of fibers orientation and 40% of volume fraction, this last guarantees to chosen skins an important rigidity with an optimal fibers concentration and a great enhance in convergence to analytical results in the sandwich model for the reason of the crucial core role as transverse shear absorber. Thus, a resistant sandwich beam is elaborated from a face-sheet constituted from two layers of previous skins with fibers oriented in 60° and an epoxy core; concerned beam has a longitudinal elastic modulus of 54 Gpa (gigapascal) that equals to the analytical value by a negligible error of 2%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fibers%20orientation" title="fibers orientation">fibers orientation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fibers%20volume%20ratio" title=" fibers volume ratio"> fibers volume ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=longitudinal%20elastic%20modulus" title=" longitudinal elastic modulus"> longitudinal elastic modulus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandwich%20beam" title=" sandwich beam"> sandwich beam</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128431/numerical-study-of-elastic-performances-of-sandwich-beam-with-carbon-fibre-reinforced-skins" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128431.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">168</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19008</span> Static Characterization of a Bio-Based Sandwich in a Humid Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zeineb%20Kesentini">Zeineb Kesentini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abderrahim%20El%20Mahi"> Abderrahim El Mahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean%20Luc%20Rebiere"> Jean Luc Rebiere</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rachid%20El%20Guerjouma"> Rachid El Guerjouma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moez%20Beyaoui"> Moez Beyaoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Haddar"> Mohamed Haddar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Industries’ attention has been drawn to green and sustainable materials as a result of the present energy deficit and environmental damage. Sandwiches formed of auxetic structures made up of periodic cells are also being investigated by industry. Several tests have emphasized the exceptional properties of these materials. In this study, the sandwich's core is a one-cell auxetic core. Among plant fibers, flax fibers are chosen because of their good mechanical properties comparable to those of glass fibers. Poly (lactic acid) (PLA), as a green material, is available from starch, and its production process requires fewer fossil resources than petroleum-based plastics. A polylactic acid (PLA) reinforced with flax fiber filament was employed in this study. The manufacturing process used to manufacture the test specimens is 3D printing. The major drawback of a 100% bio-based material is its low resistance to moisture absorption. In this study, a sandwich based on PLA / flax with an auxetic core is characterized statically for different periods of immersion in water. Bending tests are carried out on the composite sandwich for three immersion time. Results are compared to those of non immersed specimens. It is found that non aged sandwich has the ultimate bending stiffness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=auxetic" title="auxetic">auxetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bending%20tests" title=" bending tests"> bending tests</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biobased%20composite" title=" biobased composite"> biobased composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandwich%20structure" title=" sandwich structure"> sandwich structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20printing" title=" 3D printing"> 3D printing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143570/static-characterization-of-a-bio-based-sandwich-in-a-humid-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143570.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">153</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19007</span> The Effect of Honeycomb Core Thickness on the Repeated Low-Velocity Impact Behavior of Sandwich Beams</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20H.%20Abo%20Sabah">S. H. Abo Sabah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20B.%20H.%20%20Kueh"> A. B. H. Kueh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20%20Megat%20Johari"> M. A. Megat Johari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20A.%20%20Majid"> T. A. Majid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In a recent study, a new bio-inspired honeycomb sandwich beam (BHSB) mimicking the head configuration of the woodpecker was developed. The beam consists of two carbon/epoxy composite face sheets, aluminum honeycomb core, and rubber core to enhance the repeated low-velocity impact resistance of sandwich structures. This paper aims to numerically enhance the repeated low-velocity impact resistance of the BHSB via optimizing the aluminum honeycomb core thickness. The beam was investigated employing three core thicknesses: 20 mm, 25 mm, and 30 mm at three impact energy levels (13.5 J, 15.55 J, 21.43 J). The results revealed that increasing the thickness of the aluminum honeycomb core to a certain level enhances the sandwich beam stiffness. The beam with the 25 mm honeycomb core thickness was the only beam that can sustain five repeated impacts achieving the highest impact resistance efficiency index, especially at high energy levels. Furthermore, the bottom face sheet of this beam developed the lowest stresses indicating that this thickness has a relatively better performance during impact events since it allowed minimal stress to reach the bottom face sheet. Overall, increasing the aluminum core thickness will increase the height of its cells subjecting it to buckling phenomenon. Therefore, this study suggests that the optimal thickness of the aluminum honeycomb core should be 65 % of the overall thickness of the sandwich beam to have the best impact resistance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandwich%20beams" title="sandwich beams">sandwich beams</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=core%20thickness" title=" core thickness"> core thickness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impact%20behavior" title=" impact behavior"> impact behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20analysis" title=" finite element analysis"> finite element analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modeling" title=" modeling "> modeling </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113735/the-effect-of-honeycomb-core-thickness-on-the-repeated-low-velocity-impact-behavior-of-sandwich-beams" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113735.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">153</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19006</span> An Investigation on the Energy Absorption of Sandwich Panels With Aluminium Foam Core under Perforation Test</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Minoo%20Tavakoli">Minoo Tavakoli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mojtaba%20Zebarjad"> Mojtaba Zebarjad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Golestanipour"> Golestanipour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Metallic sandwich structures with aluminum foam core are good energy absorbers. In this paper, perforation test were carried out on different samples to study energy absorption. In the experiments, effect of several parameters, i.e. skin thickness and thickness of foam core, on the energy absorption, delamination zone of back faces and deformation strain(φ) are discussed. Results show that increasing plates thickness will results in more absorbed energy and delamination. Moreover, thickening foam core has the same effect. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandwich%20panel" title="sandwich panel">sandwich panel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminium%20foam" title=" aluminium foam"> aluminium foam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perforation" title=" perforation"> perforation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20absorption" title=" energy absorption"> energy absorption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15966/an-investigation-on-the-energy-absorption-of-sandwich-panels-with-aluminium-foam-core-under-perforation-test" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15966.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">423</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19005</span> Geometric Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis of Cylindrical Composite Sandwich Shells Subjected to Underwater Blast Load</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20Taskin">Mustafa Taskin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ozgur%20Demir"> Ozgur Demir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Mert%20Serveren"> M. Mert Serveren</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The precise study of the impact of underwater explosions on structures is of great importance in the design and engineering calculations of floating structures, especially those used for military purposes, as well as power generation facilities such as offshore platforms that can become a target in case of war. Considering that ship and submarine structures are mostly curved surfaces, it is extremely important and interesting to examine the destructive effects of underwater explosions on curvilinear surfaces. In this study, geometric nonlinear dynamic analysis of cylindrical composite sandwich shells subjected to instantaneous pressure load is performed. The instantaneous pressure load is defined as an underwater explosion and the effects of the liquid medium are taken into account. There are equations in the literature for pressure due to underwater explosions, but these equations have been obtained for flat plates. For this reason, the instantaneous pressure load equations are arranged to be suitable for curvilinear structures before proceeding with the analyses. Fluid-solid interaction is defined by using Taylor's Plate Theory. The lower and upper layers of the cylindrical composite sandwich shell are modeled as composite laminate and the middle layer consists of soft core. The geometric nonlinear dynamic equations of the shell are obtained by Hamilton's principle, taken into account the von Kàrmàn theory of large displacements. Then, time dependent geometric nonlinear equations of motion are solved with the help of generalized differential quadrature method (GDQM) and dynamic behavior of cylindrical composite sandwich shells exposed to underwater explosion is investigated. An algorithm that can work parametrically for the solution has been developed within the scope of the study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cylindrical%20composite%20sandwich%20shells" title="cylindrical composite sandwich shells">cylindrical composite sandwich shells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generalized%20differential%20quadrature%20method" title=" generalized differential quadrature method"> generalized differential quadrature method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geometric%20nonlinear%20dynamic%20analysis" title=" geometric nonlinear dynamic analysis"> geometric nonlinear dynamic analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=underwater%20explosion" title=" underwater explosion"> underwater explosion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139669/geometric-nonlinear-dynamic-analysis-of-cylindrical-composite-sandwich-shells-subjected-to-underwater-blast-load" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139669.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">192</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19004</span> Influence of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube on Interface Fracture of Sandwich Composite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alak%20Kumar%20Patra">Alak Kumar Patra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nilanjan%20Mitra"> Nilanjan Mitra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Interface fracture toughness of glass-epoxy (G/E) PVC core sandwich composite with and without MWCNT has been investigated through experimental methods. Results demonstrate an improvement in interface fracture toughness values (GC) of samples with a certain percentages of MWCNT. In addition, dispersion of MWCNT in epoxy resin through sonication followed by mixing of hardener and vacuum assisted resin transfer method (VARTM) used in this study is an easy and cost effective methodology in comparison to previously adopted other methods limited to laminated composites. The study also identifies the optimum weight percentage of MWCNT addition in the resin system for maximum performance gain in interfacial fracture toughness. The results are supported by high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) analysis and fracture micrograph of field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) investigation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20nanotube" title="carbon nanotube">carbon nanotube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foam" title=" foam"> foam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glass-epoxy" title=" glass-epoxy"> glass-epoxy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interfacial%20fracture" title=" interfacial fracture"> interfacial fracture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandwich%20composite" title=" sandwich composite"> sandwich composite</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25671/influence-of-multi-walled-carbon-nanotube-on-interface-fracture-of-sandwich-composite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25671.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">431</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19003</span> Large Amplitude Vibration of Sandwich Beam</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youssef%20Abdelli">Youssef Abdelli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rachid%20Nasri"> Rachid Nasri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The large amplitude free vibration analysis of three-layered symmetric sandwich beams is carried out using two different approaches. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations of motion in free natural vibration are derived using Hamilton's principle. The formulation leads to two nonlinear partial differential equations that are coupled both in axial and binding deformations. In the first approach, the method of multiple scales is applied directly to the governing equation that is a nonlinear partial differential equation. In the second approach, we discretize the governing equation by using Galerkin's procedure and then apply the shooting method to the obtained ordinary differential equations. In order to check the validity of the solutions obtained by the two approaches, they are compared with the solutions obtained by two approaches; they are compared with the solutions obtained numerically by the finite difference method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20difference%20method" title="finite difference method">finite difference method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=large%20amplitude%20vibration" title=" large amplitude vibration"> large amplitude vibration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple%20scales" title=" multiple scales"> multiple scales</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20vibration" title=" nonlinear vibration"> nonlinear vibration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35464/large-amplitude-vibration-of-sandwich-beam" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35464.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">463</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19002</span> Novel Nanomagnetic Beads Based- Latex Agglutination Assay for Rapid Diagnosis of Human Schistosomiasis Haematobium</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Aly">Ibrahim Aly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rabab%20Zalat"> Rabab Zalat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bahaa%20EL%20Deen%20W.%20El%20Aswad"> Bahaa EL Deen W. El Aswad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ismail%20M.%20Moharm"> Ismail M. Moharm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Basam%20M.%20Masoud"> Basam M. Masoud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tarek%20Diab"> Tarek Diab</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of the present study was to evaluate the novel nanomagnetic beads based–latex agglutination assay (NMB-LAT) as a simple test for diagnosis of S. haematobium as well as standardize the novel nanomagnetic beads based –ELISA (NMB-ELISA). According to urine examination this study included 85 S. haematobium infected patients, 30 other parasites infected patients and 25 negative control samples. The sensitivity of novel NMB-LAT was 82.4% versus 96.5% and 88.2% for NMB-ELISA and currently used sandwich ELISA respectively. The specificity of NMB-LAT was 83.6% versus 96.3% and 87.3% for NMB-ELISA and currently used sandwich ELISA respectively. In conclusion, the novel NMB-ELISA is a valuable applicable diagnostic technique for diagnosis of human schistosomiasis haematobium. The novel NMB-ELISA assay is a suitable applicable diagnostic method in field survey especially when followed by ELISA as a confirmatory test in query false negative results. Trials are required to increase the sensitivity and specificity of NMB-ELISA assay. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagnosis" title="diagnosis">diagnosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iatex%20agglutination" title=" iatex agglutination"> iatex agglutination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanomagnetic%20beads" title=" nanomagnetic beads"> nanomagnetic beads</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandwich%20ELISA" title=" sandwich ELISA"> sandwich ELISA</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2898/novel-nanomagnetic-beads-based-latex-agglutination-assay-for-rapid-diagnosis-of-human-schistosomiasis-haematobium" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2898.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">382</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19001</span> Free Vibration Analysis of FG Nanocomposite Sandwich Beams Using Various Higher-Order Beam Theories</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeed%20Kamarian">Saeed Kamarian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, free vibrations of Functionally Graded Sandwich (FGS) beams reinforced by randomly oriented Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNTs) are investigated. The Eshelby–Mori–Tanaka approach based on an equivalent fiber is used to investigate the material properties of the structure. The natural frequencies of the FGS nanocomposite beam are analyzed based on various Higher-order Shear Deformation Beam Theories (HSDBTs) and using an analytical method. The verification study represents the simplicity and accuracy of the method for free vibration analysis of nanocomposite beams. The effects of carbon nanotube volume fraction profiles in the face layers, length to span ratio and thicknesses of face layers on the natural frequency of structure are studied for the different HSDBTs. Results show that by utilizing the FGS type of structures, free vibration characteristics of structures can be improved. A comparison is also provided to show the difference between natural frequency responses of the FGS nanocomposite beam reinforced by aligned and randomly oriented SWCNT. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandwich%20beam" title="sandwich beam">sandwich beam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanocomposite%20beam" title=" nanocomposite beam"> nanocomposite beam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functionally%20graded%20materials" title=" functionally graded materials"> functionally graded materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=higher-order%20beam%20theories" title=" higher-order beam theories"> higher-order beam theories</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mori-Tanaka%20approach" title=" Mori-Tanaka approach"> Mori-Tanaka approach</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36195/free-vibration-analysis-of-fg-nanocomposite-sandwich-beams-using-various-higher-order-beam-theories" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36195.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">462</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandwich%20method&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandwich%20method&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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