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</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%AD%D2%99%D0%BB%D3%99%D2%AF" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Википедия эсендә эҙләү [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Эҙләү</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Википедия эсендә эҙләү" aria-label="Википедия эсендә эҙләү" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Википедия эсендә эҙләү [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Махсус:Эҙләү"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Эҙләргә</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Шәхси ҡоралдар"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Уҡыу көйләүҙәре"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Измените внешний вид страницы, размер, ширину и цвет шрифта." > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Уҡыу көйләүҙәре" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Уҡыу көйләүҙәре</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=ba" class=""><span>Иғәнә</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%98%D2%AB%D3%99%D0%BF_%D1%8F%D2%99%D1%8B%D1%83%D1%8B_%D1%8F%D2%BB%D0%B0%D1%83&returnto=%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80" title="Мотлаҡ булмаһа ла, иҫәп яҙмаһы төҙөргә һәм системала танылырға тәҡдим итәбеҙ" class=""><span>Теркәлеү</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%83&returnto=%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80" title="Бында теркәлеү үтергә була, әммә мотлаҡ түгел [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Танылыу</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Күберәк мөмкинлектәр" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Шәхси ҡоралдар" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Шәхси ҡоралдар</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Ҡатнашыусы менюһы" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=ba"><span>Иғәнә</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%98%D2%AB%D3%99%D0%BF_%D1%8F%D2%99%D1%8B%D1%83%D1%8B_%D1%8F%D2%BB%D0%B0%D1%83&returnto=%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80" title="Мотлаҡ булмаһа ла, иҫәп яҙмаһы төҙөргә һәм системала танылырға тәҡдим итәбеҙ"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Теркәлеү</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%83&returnto=%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80" title="Бында теркәлеү үтергә була, әммә мотлаҡ түгел [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Танылыу</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Танылмаған мөхәррирҙәр өсөн бит <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A0%D3%99%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5%D2%99" aria-label="Мөхәррирләү тураһында ентеклерәк"><span>Күберәк белергә</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D3%A8%D0%BB%D3%A9%D1%88%D3%A9%D0%BC" title="Был IP-адрестан яһалған төҙәтеүҙәр [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Өлөш</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D3%98%D2%A3%D0%B3%D3%99%D0%BC%D3%99_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="IP-адресығыҙ өсөн фекер алышыу бите [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Фекер алышыу</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv 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vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Йөкмәткеһе</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">ҡабырға панеленә күсерергә</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">йәшерергә</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Башы</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Тарихы_һәм_исеменең_килеп_сығышы" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Тарихы_һәм_исеменең_килеп_сығышы"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Тарихы һәм исеменең килеп сығышы</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Тарихы_һәм_исеменең_килеп_сығышы-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Тарихы" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Тарихы"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Тарихы</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Тарихы-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Тәбиғәттә_таралышы" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Тәбиғәттә_таралышы"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Тәбиғәттә таралышы</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Тәбиғәттә_таралышы-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Физик_үҙенсәлектәре" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Физик_үҙенсәлектәре"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Физик үҙенсәлектәре</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Физик_үҙенсәлектәре-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Физик үҙенсәлектәре бүлеген күрһәтергә/йәшерергә</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Физик_үҙенсәлектәре-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Баҡыр_изотаптары" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Баҡыр_изотаптары"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Баҡыр изотаптары</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Баҡыр_изотаптары-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Иҫкәрмәләр" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Иҫкәрмәләр"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Иҫкәрмәләр</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Иҫкәрмәләр-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Йөкмәткеһе" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Йөкмәткене күрһәтергә/йәшерергә" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Йөкмәткене күрһәтергә/йәшерергә</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Баҡыр</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Икенсе телдәге мәҡәләгә күсегеҙ. 203 телдә уҡырға була" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-203" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">203 тел</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koper" title="Koper — африкаанс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Koper" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африкаанс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupfer" title="Kupfer — швейцарский немецкий" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Kupfer" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="швейцарский немецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%98%E1%8B%B3%E1%89%A5" title="መዳብ — амхарский" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="መዳብ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="амхарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arambre" title="Arambre — арагонский" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Arambre" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coper" title="Coper — староанглийский" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Coper" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="староанглийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE" title="तांबा — ангика" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="तांबा" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="ангика" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="һайланған мәҡәлә"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="نحاس — арабский" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نحاس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="نحاس — Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="نحاس" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="نحاس — Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نحاس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE" title="তাম — ассамский" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="তাম" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="ассамский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobre" title="Cobre — астурийский" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Cobre" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti" title="Anti — аймара" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Anti" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="аймара" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mis" title="Mis — азербайджанский" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mis" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайджанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%AE%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="پاخیر — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="پاخیر" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temaga" title="Temaga — балийский" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Temaga" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="балийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varis" title="Varis — Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Varis" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanso" title="Tanso — Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Tanso" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8C" title="Медзь — белорусский" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Медзь" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="белорусский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8C" title="Медзь — белорусский (тарашкевица)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Медзь" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="белорусский (тарашкевица)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Мед — болгарский" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Мед" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="болгарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="ताँमा — Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="ताँमा" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%EA%A9%BB%E1%80%90%E1%80%94%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AC%E1%82%8F" title="တောင်ꩻတနျာႏ — Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="တောင်ꩻတနျာႏ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE" title="তামা — бенгальский" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="তামা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгальский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%9F%E0%BD%84%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" title="ཟངས། — тибетский" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཟངས།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="тибетский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kouevr" title="Kouevr — бретонский" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kouevr" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="бретонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakar" title="Bakar — боснийский" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Bakar" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="боснийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D1%8D%D0%B4" title="Зэд — бурятский" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Зэд" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="бурятский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coure" title="Coure — каталанский" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Coure" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A8%CC%A4ng" title="Dè̤ng — Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Dè̤ng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumbaga" title="Tumbaga — себуано" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Tumbaga" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="себуано" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A5%E1%8F%A3%E1%8F%B1" title="ᎥᏣᏱ — чероки" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎥᏣᏱ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="чероки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3" title="مس — центральнокурдский" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="مس" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="центральнокурдский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramu" title="Ramu — корсиканский" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Ramu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="корсиканский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%9B%C4%8F" title="Měď — чешский" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Měď" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чешский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B2per" title="Kòper — кашубский" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Kòper" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="кашубский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%C4%83%D1%85%C4%83%D1%80" title="Пăхăр — чувашский" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Пăхăр" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="чувашский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copr" title="Copr — валлийский" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Copr" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="валлийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobber" title="Kobber — датский" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kobber" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="датский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupfer" title="Kupfer — немецкий" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kupfer" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax%C4%B1r" title="Paxır — Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Paxır" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%83%DE%A6%DE%8C%DE%AA%DE%8D%DE%AF" title="ރަތުލޯ — мальдивский" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ރަތުލޯ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="мальдивский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Χαλκός — греческий" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χαλκός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="греческий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="яҡшы мәҡәлә"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper" title="Copper — английский" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Copper" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="английский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="яҡшы мәҡәлә"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupro" title="Kupro — эсперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kupro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="һайланған мәҡәлә"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobre" title="Cobre — испанский" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cobre" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vask" title="Vask — эстонский" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Vask" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobre" title="Kobre — баскский" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kobre" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobri" title="Cobri — Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Cobri" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3" title="مس — персидский" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="персидский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupari" title="Kupari — финский" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kupari" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="финский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vask" title="Vask — выруский" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Vask" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="выруский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopa" title="Kopa — фиджи" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Kopa" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="фиджи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopar" title="Kopar — фарерский" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Kopar" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="фарерский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuivre" title="Cuivre — французский" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Cuivre" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="французский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6%C3%B6ber" title="Kööber — северный фризский" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Kööber" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="северный фризский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram" title="Ram — фриульский" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Ram" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="фриульский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koper" title="Koper — западнофризский" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Koper" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="западнофризский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copar" title="Copar — ирландский" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Copar" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%8A%85" title="銅 — гань" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="銅" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="гань" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwiv" title="Kwiv — Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Kwiv" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copar" title="Copar — гэльский" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Copar" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="гэльский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobre" title="Cobre — галисийский" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cobre" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галисийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuarepoti_pyt%C3%A3" title="Kuarepoti pytã — гуарани" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Kuarepoti pytã" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="гуарани" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87" title="तांबे — Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="तांबे" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%AC%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%82" title="તાંબું — гуджарати" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="તાંબું" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="гуджарати" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobbyr" title="Cobbyr — мэнский" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Cobbyr" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="мэнский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%B9ng" title="Thùng — хакка" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Thùng" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="хакка" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%AA" title="נחושת — иврит" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נחושת" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="иврит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="ताम्र — хинди" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ताम्र" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хинди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamba" title="Tamba — Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Tamba" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakar" title="Bakar — хорватский" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Bakar" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хорватский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopor" title="Kopor — верхнелужицкий" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Kopor" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="верхнелужицкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwiv" title="Kwiv — гаитянский" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Kwiv" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="гаитянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9z" title="Réz — венгерский" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Réz" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="венгерский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%B2%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%B1" title="Պղինձ — армянский" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պղինձ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="армянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%B2%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%B1" title="Պղինձ — западноармянский" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Պղինձ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="западноармянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cupro" title="Cupro — интерлингва" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Cupro" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="интерлингва" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tembaga" title="Tembaga — индонезийский" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Tembaga" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambang" title="Gambang — илоко" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Gambang" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="илоко" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0" title="ЦӀаста — ингушский" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="ЦӀаста" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ингушский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupro" title="Kupro — идо" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kupro" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="идо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopar" title="Kopar — исландский" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kopar" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rame" title="Rame — итальянский" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Rame" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="итальянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="яҡшы мәҡәлә"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%8A%85" title="銅 — японский" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="銅" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapa" title="Kapa — Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Kapa" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/tunka" title="tunka — ложбан" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="tunka" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="ложбан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tembaga" title="Tembaga — яванский" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Tembaga" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="яванский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AB%E1%83%98" title="სპილენძი — грузинский" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სპილენძი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C9%A3ir" title="Iɣir — кабильский" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Iɣir" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="кабильский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwivri" title="Kwivri — Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Kwivri" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutako" title="Mutako — конго" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Mutako" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="конго" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper" title="Copper — кикуйю" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Copper" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="кикуйю" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8B%D1%81" title="Мыс — казахский" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мыс" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казахский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0" title="ತಾಮ್ರ — каннада" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ತಾಮ್ರ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="каннада" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%AC%EB%A6%AC" title="구리 — корейский" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="구리" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корейский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AB%D1%80%D0%B3%D3%A7%D0%BD" title="Ыргӧн — коми-пермяцкий" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Ыргӧн" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="коми-пермяцкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%9B%D8%A7%D9%85" title="ترٛام — кашмири" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="ترٛام" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="кашмири" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koffer_(Metall)" title="Koffer (Metall) — кёльнский" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Koffer (Metall)" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="кёльнский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mis" title="Mis — курдский" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Mis" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="курдский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AB%D1%80%D0%B3%D3%A7%D0%BD" title="Ыргӧн — коми" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Ыргӧн" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="коми" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kober" title="Kober — корнский" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Kober" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="корнский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%B7" title="Жез — киргизский" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Жез" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="киргизский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuprum" title="Cuprum — латинский" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Cuprum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koffer" title="Koffer — люксембургский" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Koffer" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="люксембургский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Дувсси — лакский" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Дувсси" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="лакский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%83%D1%80" title="Цур — лезгинский" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Цур" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="лезгинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cupre" title="Cupre — Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Cupre" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kkopa_(Copper)" title="Kkopa (Copper) — ганда" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Kkopa (Copper)" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="ганда" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koper" title="Koper — лимбургский" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Koper" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="лимбургский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rammo_(elemento)" title="Rammo (elemento) — Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Rammo (elemento)" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram" title="Ram — Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Ram" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_(element_chimich)" title="Ram (element chimich) — Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Ram (element chimich)" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%87%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%87" title="ທອງແດງ — лаосский" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ທອງແດງ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="лаосский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varis" title="Varis — литовский" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Varis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литовский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Var%C5%A1" title="Varš — латышский" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Varš" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латышский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varahina" title="Varahina — малагасийский" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Varahina" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="малагасийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konukura" title="Konukura — маори" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Konukura" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="маори" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Бакар — македонский" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Бакар" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D" title="ചെമ്പ് — малаялам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ചെമ്പ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D1%8D%D1%81" title="Зэс — монгольский" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Зэс" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="монгольский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%A4" title="ꯀꯣꯔꯤ — манипурский" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯀꯣꯔꯤ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="манипурский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87" title="तांबे — маратхи" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="तांबे" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="маратхи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D3%B9%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C%D3%B9" title="Вӹргеньӹ — горномарийский" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Вӹргеньӹ" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="горномарийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tembaga" title="Tembaga — малайский" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Tembaga" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%BC%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AE" title="ကြေးနီ — бирманский" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကြေးနီ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="бирманский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B5_(%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB)" title="Пиже (металл) — эрзянский" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Пиже (металл)" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="эрзянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chichiltic_tepoztli" title="Chichiltic tepoztli — Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Chichiltic tepoztli" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramma" title="Ramma — неаполитанский" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Ramma" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="неаполитанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopper" title="Kopper — нижненемецкий" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Kopper" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="нижненемецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keuper" title="Keuper — нижнесаксонский" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Keuper" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="нижнесаксонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="तामा — непальский" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="तामा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="непальский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%83" title="सीजः — неварский" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="सीजः" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="неварский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tambag%C3%B6" title="Tambagö — ниас" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Tambagö" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="ниас" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koper_(element)" title="Koper (element) — нидерландский" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Koper (element)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нидерландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopar" title="Kopar — нюнорск" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kopar" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="нюнорск" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobber" title="Kobber — норвежский букмол" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kobber" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвежский букмол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A9%C3%A9sh_%C5%82ich%C3%ADi%CA%BCii" title="Béésh łichíiʼii — навахо" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Béésh łichíiʼii" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="навахо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coire" title="Coire — окситанский" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Coire" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaski" title="Vaski — ливвиковский карельский" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Vaski" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="ливвиковский карельский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sibiila_diimaa" title="Sibiila diimaa — оромо" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Sibiila diimaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="оромо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%A4%E0%AC%AE%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BE" title="ତମ୍ବା — ория" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ତମ୍ବା" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="ория" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%86%D1%80%D1%85%D1%83%D1%8B" title="Æрхуы — осетинский" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Æрхуы" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="осетинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BE" title="ਤਾਂਬਾ — панджаби" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਤਾਂਬਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="панджаби" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koper" title="Koper — папьяменто" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Koper" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="папьяменто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mied%C5%BA" title="Miedź — польский" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Miedź" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="польский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aram" title="Aram — Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Aram" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%A7" title="تانبا — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="تانبا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%87" title="تامبه — пушту" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="تامبه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="пушту" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobre" title="Cobre — португальский" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cobre" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португальский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anta" title="Anta — кечуа" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Anta" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cupru" title="Cupru — румынский" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cupru" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румынский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A2c%C3%A2ri" title="Bâcâri — арумынский" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Bâcâri" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="арумынский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8C" title="Медь — русский" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Медь" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="русский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8C" title="Мідь — русинский" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Мідь" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="русинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="ताम्रम् — санскрит" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="ताम्रम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="санскрит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%8D)" title="Алтан (химия элэмиэнэ) — саха" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Алтан (химия элэмиэнэ)" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="саха" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A0mine" title="Ràmine — сардинский" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Ràmine" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="сардинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramu" title="Ramu — сицилийский" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Ramu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="сицилийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capper" title="Capper — шотландский" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Capper" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="шотландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BD%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88" title="ٽامو — синдхи" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ٽامو" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="синдхи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakar" title="Bakar — сербскохорватский" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Bakar" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="сербскохорватский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper" title="Copper — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Copper" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Me%C4%8F" title="Meď — словацкий" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Meď" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словацкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baker" title="Baker — словенский" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Baker" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словенский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mhangura" title="Mhangura — шона" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Mhangura" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="шона" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kober" title="Kober — сомали" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Kober" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="сомали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakri" title="Bakri — албанский" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Bakri" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Бакар — сербский" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Бакар" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сербский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kooper" title="Kooper — Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Kooper" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tambaga" title="Tambaga — сунданский" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Tambaga" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="сунданский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koppar" title="Koppar — шведский" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Koppar" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaba" title="Shaba — суахили" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Shaba" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахили" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81" title="செப்பு — тамильский" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="செப்பு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамильский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%A6_%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81" title="ತಾಮ್ರದ ಅದುರು — Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ತಾಮ್ರದ ಅದುರು" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%BF" title="రాగి — телугу" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="రాగి" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="телугу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Мис — таджикский" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Мис" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="таджикский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%87" title="ทองแดง — тайский" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ทองแดง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanso_(elemento)" title="Tanso (elemento) — тагалог" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Tanso (elemento)" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="тагалог" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bak%C4%B1r" title="Bakır — турецкий" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bakır" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%8B%D1%80" title="Бакыр — татарский" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Бакыр" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="татарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Чес — тувинский" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Чес" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="тувинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%89%D8%B3" title="مىس — уйгурский" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="مىس" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="уйгурский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8C" title="Мідь — украинский" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мідь" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%A7" title="تانبا — урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="تانبا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mis" title="Mis — узбекский" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mis" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбекский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramo" title="Ramo — Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Ramo" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vas%27k" title="Vas'k — вепсский" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Vas'k" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="вепсский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%93ng" title="Đồng — вьетнамский" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đồng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="вьетнамский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuprin" title="Kuprin — волапюк" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Kuprin" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="волапюк" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keuve" title="Keuve — валлонский" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Keuve" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="валлонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumbaga" title="Tumbaga — варай" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Tumbaga" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%93%9C" title="铜 — у" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="铜" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="у" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Зес — калмыцкий" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Зес" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="калмыцкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AF%E1%83%98" title="ლინჯი — мегрельский" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ლინჯი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="мегрельский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A2%D7%A8" title="קופער — идиш" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קופער" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="идиш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A0b%C3%A0" title="Bàbà — йоруба" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Bàbà" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="йоруба" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doengz" title="Doengz — чжуань" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Doengz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="чжуань" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%99" title="ⴰⵏⴰⵙ — тамазигхтский" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴰⵏⴰⵙ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="тамазигхтский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%93%9C" title="铜 — китайский" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="铜" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="китайский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%8A%85" title="銅 — Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="銅" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A2ng" title="Tâng — миньнань" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tâng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="миньнань" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%8A%85" title="銅 — кантонский" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="銅" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usoklele" title="Usoklele — зулу" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Usoklele" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="зулу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q753#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Башҡа телдәргә һылтанмаларҙы төҙәтеү" class="wbc-editpage">Һылтанмаларҙы төҙәтергә</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Исем арауыҡтары"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80" title="Эстәлек битен ҡарау [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Бит</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%88%D0%B5%D2%AF:%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80" rel="discussion" title="Биттең эстәлеге тураһында фекерләшеү [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Фекер алышыу</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Телде үҙгәртергә" > <label 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">ҡабырға панеленә күсерергә</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">йәшерергә</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Күберәк мөмкинлектәр" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ғәмәлдәр </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80"><span>Уҡыу</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80&veaction=edit" title="Был битте үҙгәртеү [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Үҙгәртеү</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80&action=edit" title="Биттең сығанаҡ кодын үҙгәртеү [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Кодты үҙгәртеү</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80&action=history"><span>Тарих</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Дөйөм </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%91%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D2%BB%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80/%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80" title="Был биткә һылтанған барлыҡ биттәрҙең исемлеге [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Был биткә һылтанмалар</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%91%D3%99%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D2%AF%D2%99%D0%B3%D3%99%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D2%AF%D2%99%D3%99%D1%80/%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80" rel="nofollow" title="Был бит һылтанған биттәрҙәге һуңғы үҙгәртеүҙәр [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Бәйле үҙгәртеүҙәр</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%82%D3%99%D1%80" title="Барлыҡ махсус биттәр исемлеге [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Махсус биттәр</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80&oldid=1277981" title="Биттең был өлгөһөнә даими һылтанма"><span>Даими һылтанма</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80&action=info" title="Был бит тураһында ентекләберәк"><span>Бит мәғлүмәттәре</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0&page=%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80&id=1277981&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Был биттән нисек өҙөмтә яһау тураһында мәғлүмәт"><span>Биттән өҙөмтә яһарға</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fba.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%2591%25D0%25B0%25D2%25A1%25D1%258B%25D1%2580"><span>Ҡыҫҡа URL алыу</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fba.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%2591%25D0%25B0%25D2%25A1%25D1%258B%25D1%2580"><span>QR код алыу</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Баҫтырыу/сығарыу </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:Collection&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80"><span>Китап төҙөү</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF форматында йөкләү</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80&printable=yes" title="Биттең ҡағыҙға баҫтырыу өсөн өлгөһө [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Баҫтырыу өлгөһө</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Башҡа проекттарҙа </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Copper" hreflang="en"><span>Викимилек</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q753" title="Мәғлүмәт һаҡлағысына бәйле элементҡа һылтанма [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Викимәғлүмәт элементы</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Ҡоралдар"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Уҡыу көйләүҙәре"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Уҡыу көйләүҙәре</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">ҡабырға панеленә күсерергә</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">йәшерергә</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Википедия — ирекле энциклопедия мәғлүмәте</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ba" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" cellspacing="2" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em; background-color:#FEFEFE; border-collapse:collapse; width:30em;"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; font-style: oblique; font-style:normal;"><table class="wide prettytable" style="margin:0;"> <tbody><tr><td style="font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold;">29</td> <td><span style="font-size: 95%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Никель (был бит юҡ)">Никель</a></span> ← <span style="font-size:120%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Баҡыр</a></span> → <span style="font-size: 95%;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA" title="Цинк">Цинк</a></span></td></tr> <tr><td style="vertical-align:middle"><b>Cu</b><br />↓<br /> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ag</a></td> <td align="center"><div style="width:255px;position:relative"><figure class="noresize" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Элементтарҙың периодик системаһы"><img alt="Элементтарҙың периодик системаһы" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/TableImageMap.svg/255px-TableImageMap.svg.png" decoding="async" width="255" height="69" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/TableImageMap.svg/383px-TableImageMap.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/TableImageMap.svg/510px-TableImageMap.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="255" data-file-height="69" usemap="#ImageMap_3a9e7c6c1471764f" /></span><map name="ImageMap_3a9e7c6c1471764f"><area href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" shape="rect" coords="0,0,7,9" alt="Водород" title="Водород" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="248,0,255,9" alt="Гелий" title="Гелий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="0,10,7,19" alt="Литий" title="Литий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="8,10,15,19" alt="Бериллий" title="Бериллий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80_(%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82)" shape="rect" coords="208,10,215,19" alt="Бор" title="Бор" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" shape="rect" coords="216,10,223,19" alt="Углерод" title="Углерод" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%82" shape="rect" coords="224,10,231,19" alt="Азот" title="Азот" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" shape="rect" coords="232,10,239,19" alt="Кислород" title="Кислород" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" shape="rect" coords="240,10,247,19" alt="Фтор" title="Фтор" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD" shape="rect" coords="248,10,255,19" alt="Неон" title="Неон" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="0,20,7,29" alt="Натрий" title="Натрий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="8,20,15,29" alt="Магний" title="Магний" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="208,20,215,29" alt="Алюминий" title="Алюминий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="216,20,223,29" alt="Кремний" title="Кремний" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80" shape="rect" coords="224,20,231,29" alt="Фосфор" title="Фосфор" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A9%D0%BA%D3%A9%D1%80%D1%82" shape="rect" coords="232,20,239,29" alt="Көкөрт" title="Көкөрт" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80" shape="rect" coords="240,20,247,29" alt="Хлор" title="Хлор" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD" shape="rect" coords="248,20,255,29" alt="Аргон" title="Аргон" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="0,30,7,39" alt="Калий" title="Калий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="8,30,15,39" alt="Кальций" title="Кальций" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="128,30,135,39" alt="Скандий" title="Скандий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82)" shape="rect" coords="136,30,143,39" alt="Титан" title="Титан" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="144,30,151,39" alt="Ванадий" title="Ванадий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC" shape="rect" coords="152,30,159,39" alt="Хром" title="Хром" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86" shape="rect" coords="160,30,167,39" alt="Марганец" title="Марганец" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80" shape="rect" coords="168,30,175,39" alt="Тимер" title="Тимер" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82" shape="rect" coords="176,30,183,39" alt="Кобальт" title="Кобальт" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" shape="rect" coords="184,30,191,39" alt="Никель" title="Никель" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80" shape="rect" coords="192,30,199,39" alt="Баҡыр" title="Баҡыр" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA" shape="rect" coords="200,30,207,39" alt="Цинк" title="Цинк" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="208,30,215,39" alt="Галлий" title="Галлий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="216,30,223,39" alt="Германий" title="Германий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8B%D1%88%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BA" shape="rect" coords="224,30,231,39" alt="Мышьяк" title="Мышьяк" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD" shape="rect" coords="232,30,239,39" alt="Селен" title="Селен" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC" shape="rect" coords="240,30,247,39" alt="Бром" title="Бром" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" shape="rect" coords="248,30,255,39" alt="Криптон" title="Криптон" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="0,40,7,49" alt="Рубидий" title="Рубидий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="8,40,15,49" alt="Стронций" title="Стронций" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%82%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="128,40,135,49" alt="Иттрий" title="Иттрий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="136,40,143,49" alt="Цирконий" title="Цирконий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="144,40,151,49" alt="Ниобий" title="Ниобий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD" shape="rect" coords="152,40,159,49" alt="Молибден" title="Молибден" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="160,40,167,49" alt="Технеций" title="Технеций" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="168,40,175,49" alt="Рутений" title="Рутений" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="176,40,183,49" alt="Родий" title="Родий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="184,40,191,49" alt="Палладий" title="Палладий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A9%D0%BC%D3%A9%D1%88" shape="rect" coords="192,40,199,49" alt="Көмөш" title="Көмөш" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="200,40,207,49" alt="Кадмий" title="Кадмий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="208,40,215,49" alt="Индий" title="Индий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE" shape="rect" coords="216,40,223,49" alt="Олово" title="Олово" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0" shape="rect" coords="224,40,231,49" alt="Сурьма" title="Сурьма" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%80" shape="rect" coords="232,40,239,49" alt="Теллур" title="Теллур" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BE%D0%B4" shape="rect" coords="240,40,247,49" alt="Иод" title="Иод" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD" shape="rect" coords="248,40,255,49" alt="Ксенон" title="Ксенон" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="0,50,7,59" alt="Цезий" title="Цезий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="8,50,15,59" alt="Барий" title="Барий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" shape="rect" coords="16,50,23,59" alt="Лантан" title="Лантан" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="24,50,31,59" alt="Церий" title="Церий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC" shape="rect" coords="32,50,39,59" alt="Празеодим" title="Празеодим" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC" shape="rect" coords="40,50,47,59" alt="Неодим" title="Неодим" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="48,50,55,59" alt="Прометий" title="Прометий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="56,50,63,59" alt="Самарий" title="Самарий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="64,50,71,59" alt="Европий" title="Европий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="72,50,79,59" alt="Гадолиний" title="Гадолиний" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="80,50,87,59" alt="Тербий" title="Тербий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="88,50,95,59" alt="Диспрозий" title="Диспрозий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="96,50,103,59" alt="Гольмий" title="Гольмий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="104,50,111,59" alt="Эрбий" title="Эрбий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="112,50,119,59" alt="Тулий" title="Тулий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="120,50,127,59" alt="Иттербий" title="Иттербий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="128,50,135,59" alt="Лютеций" title="Лютеций" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="136,50,143,59" alt="Гафний" title="Гафний" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82)" shape="rect" coords="144,50,151,59" alt="Тантал" title="Тантал" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" shape="rect" coords="152,50,159,59" alt="Вольфрам" title="Вольфрам" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="160,50,167,59" alt="Рений" title="Рений" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="168,50,175,59" alt="Осмий" title="Осмий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="176,50,183,59" alt="Иридий" title="Иридий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" shape="rect" coords="184,50,191,59" alt="Платина" title="Платина" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD" shape="rect" coords="192,50,199,59" alt="Алтын" title="Алтын" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D3%A9%D0%BC%D3%A9%D1%88" shape="rect" coords="200,50,207,59" alt="Тере көмөш" title="Тере көмөш" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="208,50,215,59" alt="Таллий" title="Таллий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86" shape="rect" coords="216,50,223,59" alt="Свинец" title="Свинец" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82" shape="rect" coords="224,50,231,59" alt="Висмут" title="Висмут" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="232,50,239,59" alt="Полоний" title="Полоний" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82" shape="rect" coords="240,50,247,59" alt="Астат" title="Астат" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD" shape="rect" coords="248,50,255,59" alt="Радон" title="Радон" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="0,60,7,69" alt="Франций" title="Франций" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="8,60,15,69" alt="Радий" title="Радий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="16,60,23,69" alt="Актиний" title="Актиний" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="24,60,31,69" alt="Торий" title="Торий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="32,60,39,69" alt="Протактиний" title="Протактиний" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82)" shape="rect" coords="40,60,47,69" alt="Уран" title="Уран" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="48,60,55,69" alt="Нептуний" title="Нептуний" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="56,60,63,69" alt="Плутоний" title="Плутоний" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="64,60,71,69" alt="Америций" title="Америций" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="72,60,79,69" alt="Кюрий" title="Кюрий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="80,60,87,69" alt="Берклий" title="Берклий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="88,60,95,69" alt="Калифорний" title="Калифорний" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="96,60,103,69" alt="Эйнштейний" title="Эйнштейний" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="104,60,111,69" alt="Фермий" title="Фермий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="112,60,119,69" alt="Менделевий" title="Менделевий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="120,60,127,69" alt="Нобелий" title="Нобелий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="128,60,135,69" alt="Лоуренсий" title="Лоуренсий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="136,60,143,69" alt="Резерфордий" title="Резерфордий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="144,60,151,69" alt="Дубний" title="Дубний" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="152,60,159,69" alt="Сиборгий" title="Сиборгий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="160,60,167,69" alt="Борий" title="Борий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="168,60,175,69" alt="Хассий" title="Хассий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="176,60,183,69" alt="Мейтнерий" title="Мейтнерий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="184,60,191,69" alt="Дармштадтий" title="Дармштадтий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="192,60,199,69" alt="Рентгений" title="Рентгений" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="200,60,207,69" alt="Коперниций" title="Коперниций" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="208,60,215,69" alt="Нихоний" title="Нихоний" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="216,60,223,69" alt="Флеровий" title="Флеровий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="224,60,231,69" alt="Московий" title="Московий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" shape="rect" coords="232,60,239,69" alt="Ливерморий" title="Ливерморий" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD" shape="rect" coords="240,60,247,69" alt="Теннесин" title="Теннесин" /><area href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD" shape="rect" coords="248,60,255,69" alt="Оганесон" title="Оганесон" /></map><figcaption>Элементтарҙың периодик системаһы</figcaption></figure><div style="position:absolute;top:5px;right:48px;font-size:1.5em;font-weight:bold;width:79px;height:24px;text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:0.6em">29</span>Cu</div><div style="position:absolute;top:5px;left:16px;width:55px;height:44px;text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Cubic-face-centered.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Cubic-face-centered.svg/35px-Cubic-face-centered.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="41" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Cubic-face-centered.svg/53px-Cubic-face-centered.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Cubic-face-centered.svg/70px-Cubic-face-centered.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="862" data-file-height="1002" /></a></span></div><div style="position:absolute;top:5px;left:72px;width:55px;height:44px;text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Electron_shell_029_Copper.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Electron_shell_029_Copper.svg/40px-Electron_shell_029_Copper.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="43" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Electron_shell_029_Copper.svg/60px-Electron_shell_029_Copper.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Electron_shell_029_Copper.svg/80px-Electron_shell_029_Copper.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="860" /></a></span></div><div style="position:absolute;left:192px;top:30px;width:3px;height:5px;border:2px solid black"></div></div></td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background: #">Ябай матдәнең тышҡы күренеше</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"> <div style="width: 200px; margin: auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Cuivre_Michigan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Cuivre_Michigan.jpg/250px-Cuivre_Michigan.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Cuivre_Michigan.jpg/375px-Cuivre_Michigan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Cuivre_Michigan.jpg/500px-Cuivre_Michigan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4036" data-file-height="2779" /></a></span>һығылмалы металл алтын-алһыу төҫ менән</div> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background: #">Атом үҙенсәлектәре</th></tr><tr><th style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5" title="Химик элементтар исемлеге">Исеме</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Символдар буйынса химик элементтар исемлеге (был бит юҡ)">символы</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Атом номеры буйынса химик элементтар исемлеге (был бит юҡ)">номеры</a></th><td class="" style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"> <p>Баҡыр/медь/cuprum (Cu), 29 </p> </td></tr><tr><th style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Атом массаһы">Атом массаһы</a> <br />(<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Моляр массаһы (был бит юҡ)">моляр массаһы</a>)</th><td class="" style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"> <p>63,546(3)<sup id="cite_ref-iupac_atomic_weights_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iupac_atomic_weights-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D3%99%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Атом массаһы берәмеге (был бит юҡ)">а. м. б.</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Грамм (был бит юҡ)">г</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Моль (был бит юҡ)">моль</a>) </p> </td></tr><tr><th style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Электрон конфигурация (был бит юҡ)">Электрон конфигурация</a></th><td class="" style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"> <p>[Ar] 3d<sup>10</sup> 4s<sup>1</sup> </p> </td></tr><tr><th style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Атом радиусы (был бит юҡ)">Атом радиусы</a></th><td class="" style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"> <p>128 <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пикометр (был бит юҡ)">пм</a> </p> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background: #">Химик үҙенсәлектәре</th></tr><tr><th style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%83%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ковалент радиус (был бит юҡ)">Ковалент радиус</a></th><td class="" style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"> <p>117 <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пикометр (был бит юҡ)">пм</a> </p> </td></tr><tr><th style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ион радиусы (был бит юҡ)">Ион радиусы</a></th><td class="" style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"> <p>(+2e) 73 (+1e) 77 (K=6) <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пикометр (был бит юҡ)">пм</a> </p> </td></tr><tr><th style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D2%AB%D0%BA%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Электроотиҫкәрелек (был бит юҡ)">Электроотиҫкәрелек</a></th><td class="" style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"> <p>1,90 (Полинг шкалаһы) </p> </td></tr><tr><th style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Электрод потенциалы (был бит юҡ)">Электрод потенциалы</a></th><td class="" style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"> <p>+0,337 В/ +0,521 В </p> </td></tr><tr><th style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%83_%D0%B4%D3%99%D1%80%D3%99%D0%B6%D3%99%D2%BB%D0%B5" title="Окисланыу дәрәжәһе">Окисланыу дәрәжәһе</a></th><td class="" style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"> <p>3, 2, 1, 0 </p> </td></tr><tr><th style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%8B%D1%83_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F%D2%BB%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ионлашыу энергияһы (был бит юҡ)">Ионлашыу энергияһы</a> <br />(первый электрон)</th><td class="" style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"> <p>745,0 (7,72) <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Джоуль (был бит юҡ)">кДж</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Моль (был бит юҡ)">моль</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Электронвольт (был бит юҡ)">эВ</a>) </p> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background: #">Ябай матдәнең термодинамик үҙенсәлектәре</th></tr><tr><th style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B%D2%99%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тығыҙлыҡ (был бит юҡ)">Тығыҙлыҡ</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D2%99%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Нормаль шарттарҙа (был бит юҡ)">н. ш.</a>)</th><td class="" style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"> <p>8,92 г/см³ </p> </td></tr><tr><th style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D1%80%D0%B5%D2%AF_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Иреү температураһы (был бит юҡ)">Иреү температураһы</a></th><td class="" style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"> <p>1356,55 K (1 083,4 °С) </p> </td></tr><tr><th style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D2%A0%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ҡайнау температураһы (был бит юҡ)">Ҡайнау температураһы</a></th><td class="" style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"> <p>2840,15 <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кельвин (был бит юҡ)">K</a> </p> </td></tr><tr><th style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D1%80%D0%B5%D2%AF_%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Иреү йылылығы (был бит юҡ)">Иреү йылылығы</a></th><td class="" style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"> <p>13,01 кДж/моль </p> </td></tr><tr><th style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D2%93%D0%B0_%D3%99%D0%B9%D0%BB%D3%99%D0%BD%D0%B5%D2%AF_%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Парға әйләнеү йылылығы (был бит юҡ)">Парға әйләнеү йылылығы</a></th><td class="" style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"> <p>304,6 кДж/моль </p> </td></tr><tr><th style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80_%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D2%BB%D1%8B%D0%B9%D1%8B%D1%88%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Моляр йылы һыйышлығы (был бит юҡ)">Моляр йылы һыйышлығы</a></th><td class="" style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"> <p>24,44<sup id="cite_ref-ХЭ_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ХЭ-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Дж/(K·моль) </p> </td></tr><tr><th style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80_%D0%BA%D2%AF%D0%BB%D3%99%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Моляр күләм (был бит юҡ)">Моляр күләм</a></th><td class="" style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"> <p>7,1 <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сантиметр (был бит юҡ)">см</a>³/<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Моль (был бит юҡ)">моль</a> </p> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background: #">Ябай матдәнең кристалл рәшәткәһе</th></tr><tr><th style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;">Рәшәткә структураһы</th><td class="" style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"> <p>куб ҡыр-үҙәкле </p> </td></tr><tr><th style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;">Рәшәткә параметры</th><td class="" style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"> <p>3,615 <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ангстрем (был бит юҡ)">Å</a> </p> </td></tr><tr><th style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дебай температураһы (был бит юҡ)">Дебай температураһы</a></th><td class="" style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"> <p>315 <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кельвин (был бит юҡ)">K</a> </p> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background: #">Башҡа характеристикалар</th></tr><tr><th style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%99%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D2%AF%D1%82%D0%BA%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B5%D2%AF%D1%81%D3%99%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Йылы үткәреүсәнлек (был бит юҡ)">Йылы үткәреүсәнлек</a></th><td class="" style="padding:5px; vertical-align:middle;"> <p>(300 K) 401 Вт/(м·К) </p> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div title="29 Баҡыр" style="height:100%; min-height:100%;"> <table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="padding:0px; margin:0px; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; font-size:100%; font-weight:bold; color:#123; text-shadow: 0px 0px 12px #eee; background-color: #ffc0c0; width: 100px; height:100px; min-height:100px; line-height:96%;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left;">29 </td> <td style="text-align:center; width:100%;"><div style="width: 100%; text-align:center;">Баҡыр</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="height:100%; vertical-align:middle;"><div style="height:100%; vertical-align:middle;"><div style="float:left; font-size:200%; font-family:Georgia, Verdana, serif;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cu</a></div><div style="float:right; width=100%; text-align:center;">63,546</div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left; vertical-align:bottom;">3d<sup>10</sup>4s<sup>1</sup> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><b>Баҡыр</b> — <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D2%99%D1%8B%D2%A3_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Химик элементтарҙың периодик системаһы">химик элементтарҙың периодик таблицаһында</a> атом һаны буйынса 29-сы элемент, беренсе группаның өҫтәмә төркөмөндә, дүртенсе периодында урынлашҡан. <b>Cu</b> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Латин теле">лат.</a> <i><span lang="la">cuprum</span></i>) символы менән билдәләнә. Һығылмалы алтын-ал төҫлө <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="Металл">металл</a> (оксид плёнкаһы булмағанда ал төҫтә). Кешелек боронғо замандан ҡуллана. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Тарихы_һәм_исеменең_килеп_сығышы"><span id=".D0.A2.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B8.D1.85.D1.8B_.D2.BB.D3.99.D0.BC_.D0.B8.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BC.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B5.D2.A3_.D0.BA.D0.B8.D0.BB.D0.B5.D0.BF_.D1.81.D1.8B.D2.93.D1.8B.D1.88.D1.8B"></span>Тарихы һәм исеменең килеп сығышы</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Тарихы һәм исеменең килеп сығышы бүлеген мөхәррирләргә" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үҙгәртергә</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80&action=edit&section=1" title="Тарихы һәм исеменең килеп сығышы бүлегенең сығанаҡ кодын мөхәррирләү"><span>сығанаҡты үҙгәртеү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Руданан айырып алыуы сағыштармаса еңел һәм <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D1%80%D0%B5%D2%AF_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Иреү температураһы (был бит юҡ)">иреү температураһы</a> түбән булғанға кеше үҙләштергән иң беренсе металдарҙың береһе. Боронғо заманда <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D2%A1_%D2%A1%D1%83%D1%80%D2%93%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Аҡ ҡурғаш">аҡ ҡурғаш</a> менән ҡатнашмаһы — <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Бронза">бронза</a> ҡорал эшләү өсөн ҡулланылған. </p><p><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Латин теле">Латинса</a> исеме <i>Cuprum</i> баҡыр табылған <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%80_%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кипр утрауы (был бит юҡ)">Кипр утрауы</a> исеменән килә. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Тарихы"><span id=".D0.A2.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B8.D1.85.D1.8B"></span>Тарихы</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Тарихы бүлеген мөхәррирләргә" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үҙгәртергә</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80&action=edit&section=2" title="Тарихы бүлегенең сығанаҡ кодын мөхәррирләү"><span>сығанаҡты үҙгәртеү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Баҡыр — <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D3%99%D2%93%D0%B4%D3%99%D0%BD" title="Мәғдән">мәғдәндән</a> табыуы еңел һәм иреү температураһы түбән булған өсөн кешелек үҙләштергән беренсе <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="Металл">металл</a>. Тәбиғәттә <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD" title="Алтын">алтын</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A9%D0%BC%D3%A9%D1%88" title="Көмөш">көмөш</a> һәм <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Тимер">тимергә</a> ҡарағанда самородок хәлендә йышыраҡ осрай. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8%D3%99" title="Төркиә">Төркиәнең</a> Чатал-Хююк районында табылған бағырҙан эшләнгән боронғо әйберҙәр һәм руданы иреткәндә барлыҡҡа килгә торған шлак — боронғо кешеләр баҡыр иреткәнен дәлилләй.<sup id="cite_ref-Спиридонов—1989——5-8_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Спиридонов—1989——5-8-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Ҡулланыу әйберҙәре баҡырҙан эшләнгән <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80_%D0%B1%D1%8B%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%82" class="mw-redirect" title="Баҡыр быуат">баҡыр быуат</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%88_%D0%B1%D1%8B%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Таш быуат">таш быуатты</a> алыштыра. Семенов С.А. хеҙмәттәштәре менән үткәргән эксперименттар баҡырҙан эшләнгән эш ҡоралдары ағасты сабыу, юныу, быраулау кеүек эштәр башҡарыу өсөн таш ҡоралдан ҡалыша, һөйәк эшкәртеү өсөн шул уҡ ваҡыт талап ителә<sup id="cite_ref-Спиридонов—1989——20-22_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Спиридонов—1989——20-22-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Ҡоралдар эшләү өсөн баҡырҙы <a href="/wiki/%D2%A0%D1%83%D1%80%D2%93%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Ҡурғаш">ҡурғаш</a> иретмәһе ҡуллана башлайҙар, шулай итеп <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80_%D0%B1%D1%8B%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Баҡыр быуаты (был бит юҡ)">баҡыр быуатын</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D1%8B%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Бронза быуаты">бронза быуаты</a> алыштыра. Ҡурғаш менән баҡыр иретмәһен (бронзаны) беренсе тапҡыр 3000 йыл элек <a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D2%A1%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%9A%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B%D1%88" title="Яҡын Көнсығыш">Яҡын Көнсығышта</a> алалар. Бронзаның ныҡлыға һәм яҡшы сүкелеүсәнлеге кешеләрҙе йәлеп итә һәм бронзанан һунар һәм эш ҡоралдары, һауыт-һаба, биҙәүестәр эшләй башлайҙар. Был әйберҙәр барыһы ла археологик ҡаҙыныу эштәре барышында табыла. Хеҙмәт ҡоралдарын етештереү өлкәһендә <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D1%8B%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%82" class="mw-redirect" title="Бронза быуат">бронза быуатты</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%B1%D1%8B%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Тимер быуат">тимер быуат</a> алыштыра. </p><p>Иң тәүҙә баҡырҙы сульфидтарҙан түгел, алдан яндырыу талап итмәгән <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Малахит">малахит</a> рудаһынан алғандар. Бының өсөн балсыҡ һауытҡа мәғдән менән күмер тултырғандар, һауытты соҡорға ҡуйып ҡатнашманы яндырғандар. Яныу ваҡытында бүленеп сыҡҡан <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Угар газ (был бит юҡ)">угар газ</a> малахиттағы баҡырҙы ирекле баҡырға тиклем кире ҡайтарған: </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mathsf {2CO+(CuOH)_{2}CO_{3}\rightarrow 2Cu+3CO_{2}+H_{2}O}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn mathvariant="sans-serif">2</mn> <mi mathvariant="sans-serif">C</mi> <mi mathvariant="sans-serif">O</mi> <mo mathvariant="sans-serif">+</mo> <mo mathvariant="sans-serif" stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="sans-serif">C</mi> <mi mathvariant="sans-serif">u</mi> <mi mathvariant="sans-serif">O</mi> <mi mathvariant="sans-serif">H</mi> <msub> <mo mathvariant="sans-serif" stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn mathvariant="sans-serif">2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mi mathvariant="sans-serif">C</mi> <msub> <mi mathvariant="sans-serif">O</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn mathvariant="sans-serif">3</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mn mathvariant="sans-serif">2</mn> <mi mathvariant="sans-serif">C</mi> <mi mathvariant="sans-serif">u</mi> <mo mathvariant="sans-serif">+</mo> <mn mathvariant="sans-serif">3</mn> <mi mathvariant="sans-serif">C</mi> <msub> <mi mathvariant="sans-serif">O</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn mathvariant="sans-serif">2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo mathvariant="sans-serif">+</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="sans-serif">H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn mathvariant="sans-serif">2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mi mathvariant="sans-serif">O</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mathsf {2CO+(CuOH)_{2}CO_{3}\rightarrow 2Cu+3CO_{2}+H_{2}O}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/db3faeb6d34d52357c753a5cc297650a8f68e2a4" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:43.323ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\mathsf {2CO+(CuOH)_{2}CO_{3}\rightarrow 2Cu+3CO_{2}+H_{2}O}}}"></span></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p><br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%80_(%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%83)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кипр (утрау) (был бит юҡ)">Кипр</a> утрауында баҡыр рудниктары һәм баҡыр иретмәһе етештереү беҙҙең эраға тиклем 3 мең йыллыҡта уҡ бурлыҡҡа килгән. </p><p>Рәсәй һәм сиктәш илдәр территорияһында баҡыр рудниктары беҙҙең эраға тиклем ике мең йыл элек барлыҡҡа килгән (баҡыр рудниктары ятҡылығының иң билдәле — <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D2%A0%D0%B0%D1%80%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ҡарғалы (был бит юҡ)">Ҡарғалы</a>), шулай уҡ Кавказ аръяғында, Себер, Алтай, Украина территорияһында рудниктар бар. </p><p>XIII—XIV быуаттарҙа баҡыр ҡойоу сәнәғәте үҫеш ала. Мәскәүҙә XV быуатта Пушкалар эшләү һарайы нигеҙләнә, унда бронзанан төрлө калибрлы ҡоралдар ҡойолған. Ҡыңғырауҙар ҡойорға бик күп баҡыр сарыф ителә. Бронзанан <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%88%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Батша пушка">Батша пушка</a> (1586 й.), <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%88%D0%B0_%D2%A1%D1%8B%D2%A3%D2%93%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%83" title="Батша ҡыңғырау">Батша ҡыңғырау</a> (1735 й.), <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80_%D2%BB%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Баҡыр һыбайлы (был бит юҡ)">Баҡыр һыбайлы</a> (1782 й.) кеүек ҡойоу сәнғәте әҫәрҙәре ҡойола. Японияла ҙур Будда һыны ҡойола (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C-%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тодать-дзи (был бит юҡ)">Тодать-дзи</a> храмы) (752 йыл). </p><p><a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80" title="Электр">Электр</a> асылыу менән XVIII—XIX быуаттарҙа баҡыр сымы һәм уның менән бәйле изделиелар етештереү күләме арта. XX быуатта электр сымдарын алюминдан эшләһәләр ҙә, электротехникала баҡыр әһәмиәтен юғалтмай.<sup id="cite_ref-Спиридонов—1989——172_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Спиридонов—1989——172-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Тәбиғәттә_таралышы"><span id=".D0.A2.D3.99.D0.B1.D0.B8.D2.93.D3.99.D1.82.D1.82.D3.99_.D1.82.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.BB.D1.8B.D1.88.D1.8B"></span>Тәбиғәттә таралышы</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Тәбиғәттә таралышы бүлеген мөхәррирләргә" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үҙгәртергә</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80&action=edit&section=3" title="Тәбиғәттә таралышы бүлегенең сығанаҡ кодын мөхәррирләү"><span>сығанаҡты үҙгәртеү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Cuivre_Michigan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Cuivre_Michigan.jpg/150px-Cuivre_Michigan.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Cuivre_Michigan.jpg/225px-Cuivre_Michigan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Cuivre_Michigan.jpg/300px-Cuivre_Michigan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4036" data-file-height="2779" /></a><figcaption>Самородок баҡыр</figcaption></figure> <p>Ер ҡабығында баҡыр миҡдарының уртаса миҡдары — (4,7-5,5)·10<sup>−3</sup>% (масса буйынса)<sup id="cite_ref-ХЭ_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ХЭ-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Диңгеҙ һәм йылға һыуында баҡыр кимәле күпкә аҙыраҡ: 3·10<sup>−7</sup>% һәм 10<sup>−7</sup>% (масса буйынса )<sup id="cite_ref-ХЭ_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ХЭ-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Тәбиғәттә баҡыр берләшмәләр составында һәм самородок хәлендә осрай. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Халькопирит (был бит юҡ)">Халькопирит</a> CuFeS<sub>2</sub> сәнәғәт өсөн әһәмиәтле CuFeS<sub>2</sub>, был минерал шулай уҡ колчедан, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Халькозин (был бит юҡ)">халькозин</a> Cu<sub>2</sub>S һәм <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Борнит (был бит юҡ)">борнит</a> Cu<sub>5</sub>FeS<sub>4</sub> исемдәре менән билдәле. Һәм улар янында башҡа баҡыр минералдар ҙа осрай: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ковеллин (был бит юҡ)">ковеллин</a> CuS, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Куприт (был бит юҡ)">куприт</a> Cu<sub>2</sub>O, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Азурит">азурит</a> Cu<sub>3</sub>(CO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Малахит">малахит</a> Cu<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub>. Баҡыр самородок хәлендә лә осрай, йыйылған баҡыр массаһы 400 тоннаға еткән осраҡтар бар.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Баҡыр сулфиды нигеҙҙә уртаса температуралы гидротермаль ағымдарҙа барлыҡҡа килә. Шулай уҡ баҡыр ятҡылыҡтары ҡомташ, сланцы кеүек <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%83_%D1%82%D0%BE%D2%A1%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Ултырма тау тоҡомдары">ултырма тау тоҡомдарында</a> ла осрай. </p><p>Бындай типтағы ятҡылыҡтарҙың иң билдәлеһе — <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8A%D1%8F%D2%93%D1%8B_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%8B" title="Байкал аръяғы крайы">Байкал аръяғы крайындағы</a> Удокан баҡыр ятҡылығы, <a href="/wiki/%D2%A0%D0%B0%D2%99%D0%B0%D2%93%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Ҡаҙағстан">Ҡаҙағстанда</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D2%99%D2%A1%D0%B0%D2%99%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Еҙҡаҙған">Еҙҡаҙған</a> ятҡылығы, <a href="/wiki/%D2%AE%D2%99%D3%99%D0%BA_%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Үҙәк Африка">Үҙәк Африкала</a> баҡыр бүлкәте һәм <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Германия">Германияла</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4_(%D2%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0)" title="Мансфельд (ҡала)">Мансфельд</a> ятҡылығы. </p><p>Башҡа баҡырға иң бай ятҡылыҡтар Чили (Эскондида һәм Кольяуси) һәм АҠШ-та (Моренси) урынлашҡан<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Баҡыр мәғдәне, башлыса, асыҡ юл менән табыла. Рудала баҡыр мәҡдары 0,3 до 1,0 % тирәһе. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Физик_үҙенсәлектәре"><span id=".D0.A4.D0.B8.D0.B7.D0.B8.D0.BA_.D2.AF.D2.99.D0.B5.D0.BD.D1.81.D3.99.D0.BB.D0.B5.D0.BA.D1.82.D3.99.D1.80.D0.B5"></span>Физик үҙенсәлектәре</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Физик үҙенсәлектәре бүлеген мөхәррирләргә" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үҙгәртергә</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80&action=edit&section=4" title="Физик үҙенсәлектәре бүлегенең сығанаҡ кодын мөхәррирләү"><span>сығанаҡты үҙгәртеү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Copper_crystals.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Copper_crystals.jpg/150px-Copper_crystals.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Copper_crystals.jpg/225px-Copper_crystals.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Copper_crystals.jpg/300px-Copper_crystals.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1008" data-file-height="1008" /></a><figcaption>Баҡыр кристалдары</figcaption></figure> <p>Баҡыр — алтын-ҡыҙыл тәҫтәге һығылмалы металл, һауала тиҙ оксид пленкаһы менән ҡаплана, оксид пленкаһы үҙенә хас торған һарғылт-ҡыҙыл төҫтә. Баҡырҙың үтә күренмәле йоҡа пленкалары йәшел-зәңгәр-һыу төҫтә була. </p><p>Һоро-көмөш төҫтә булған башҡа металдарҙан айырмалы булараҡ, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Осмий">осмий</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Цезий">цезий</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD" title="Алтын">алтын</a>, баҡырҙың үҙенә генә хас төҫө бар. Был төҫ атомдың тулы өсөнсө һәм ярым тулы дүртенсе электрон орбиталары араһында үткәүел булыуы менән аңлатыла: орбиталар араһында булған энергетик айырма яҡтылыҡтың хәнәүәт (ҡыҙығылт-һары) төҫөндәге тулҡын оҙонлоғона тура килә. </p><p>Баҡыр <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кубик сингония (был бит юҡ)">ҡырҙары үҙәкләштерелгән куб</a> барлыҡҡа килтерә , <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%8B%D2%A1_%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D3%99%D2%BB%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Арауыҡ решеткәһе (был бит юҡ)">арауыҡ решеткәһе </a> <i><b>F</b></i> m3m, <i>a</i> = 0,36150 нм, Z = 4. </p><p>Баҡыр юғары <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%99%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D2%AF%D1%82%D0%BA%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B5%D2%AF%D1%81%D3%99%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Йылы үткәреүсәнлек (был бит юҡ)">йылы үткәреүсәнлеккә</a> эйә<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> һәм <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D2%AF%D1%82%D0%BA%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B5%D2%AF%D1%81%D3%99%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Электрүткәреүсәнлек (был бит юҡ)">электрүткәреүсәнлек </a> буйынса металдар араһында көмөштән ҡалышып икенсе урында килә. 20 °C-та сағыштырмаса электр үткәреүсәнлеге: 55,5-58 <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81_(%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сименс (единица измерения) (был бит юҡ)">МСм</a>/м<sup id="cite_ref-алиев_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-алиев-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Баҡырҙың <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D2%A0%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%A1%D1%82%D1%8B%D2%A3_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%8D%D1%84%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ҡаршылыҡтың термик коэффициенты (был бит юҡ)">ҡаршылыҡтың термик коэффициенты</a> юғары: киң температура диапозонында 0,4 %/°С һәм температураға аҙ бәйләнгән. Баҡыр <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Диамагнетик (был бит юҡ)">диамагнетик</a> металл. </p><p>Баҡыр металдар менән бер нисә <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BC%D3%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Иретмә (был бит юҡ)">иретмәһе</a> барлыҡҡа килтерә: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Латунь (был бит юҡ)">латунь</a> — <a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA" title="Цинк">цинк</a> менән, <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Бронза">бронза</a> — <a href="/wiki/%D2%A0%D1%83%D1%80%D2%93%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Ҡурғаш">ҡурғаш</a> һәм башҡа элементтар менән, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%80_(%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BC%D3%99)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мельхиор (иретмә) (был бит юҡ)">мельхиор</a> — <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Никель (был бит юҡ)">никель</a> һәм башҡа металдар менән. </p><p>Баҡырҙың атом тығыҙлығы (N0) = <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 8,52\centerdot 10^{28}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mn>8</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>52</mn> <mo class="MJX-variant">⋅</mo> <msup> <mn>10</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>28</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 8,52\centerdot 10^{28}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/327c9ab654a8e6f5c38b7be3fae9ba365786dbe1" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:10.402ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 8,52\centerdot 10^{28}}"></span>(атом/м³). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Баҡыр_изотаптары"><span id=".D0.91.D0.B0.D2.A1.D1.8B.D1.80_.D0.B8.D0.B7.D0.BE.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.BF.D1.82.D0.B0.D1.80.D1.8B"></span>Баҡыр изотаптары</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Баҡыр изотаптары бүлеген мөхәррирләргә" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үҙгәртергә</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80&action=edit&section=5" title="Баҡыр изотаптары бүлегенең сығанаҡ кодын мөхәррирләү"><span>сығанаҡты үҙгәртеү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="dablink noprint">Төп мәҡәлә: <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Баҡыр изотаптары (был бит юҡ)">Баҡыр изотаптары</a></b> </div> <p>Тәбиғәттә бағыр ике стабиль изотоп хәлендә осрай — <sup>63</sup>Cu (изотоп таралышы 69,1 %) һәм <sup>65</sup>Cu (30,9 %). Шулай уҡ ике тиҫтәнән артыҡ стабиль булмаған изотобы билдәле, шулар араһында иң оҙаҡ йәшәүсеһе — <sup>67</sup>Cu, изотаптың <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D2%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%83_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ярым тарҡалыу периоды (был бит юҡ)">ярым тарҡалыу периоды</a> 62 сәғәт<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Иҫкәрмәләр"><span id=".D0.98.D2.AB.D0.BA.D3.99.D1.80.D0.BC.D3.99.D0.BB.D3.99.D1.80"></span>Иҫкәрмәләр</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Иҫкәрмәләр бүлеген мөхәррирләргә" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үҙгәртергә</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80&action=edit&section=6" title="Иҫкәрмәләр бүлегенең сығанаҡ кодын мөхәррирләү"><span>сығанаҡты үҙгәртеү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small" style=""> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-iupac_atomic_weights-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-iupac_atomic_weights_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><i>Michael E. Wieser, Norman Holden, Tyler B. Coplen, John K. Böhlke, Michael Berglund, Willi A. Brand, Paul De Bièvre, Manfred Gröning, Robert D. Loss, Juris Meija, Takafumi Hirata, Thomas Prohaska, Ronny Schoenberg, Glenda O’Connor, Thomas Walczyk, Shige Yoneda, Xiang‑Kun Zhu.</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://iupac.org/publications/pac/85/5/1047/">Atomic weights of the elements 2011 (IUPAC Technical Report)</a> <span class="ref-info" title="Инглиз телендә" style="font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(инг.)</span> // <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pure_and_Applied_Chemistry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pure and Applied Chemistry (был бит юҡ)">Pure and Applied Chemistry</a></i>. — 2013. — Т. 85. — № 5. — С. 1047-1078. — <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80_%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%84%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Идентификатор цифрового объекта (был бит юҡ)">DOI</a>:<a href="//doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REP-13-03-02" class="extiw" title="doi:10.1351/PAC-REP-13-03-02">10.1351/PAC-REP-13-03-02</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ХЭ-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ХЭ_2-0">2,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ХЭ_2-1">2,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ХЭ_2-2">2,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation no-wikidata" data-wikidata-property-id="P1343"><i>Редкол.:Кнунянц И. Л. (гл. ред.).</i> Химическая энциклопедия: в 5 т. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default" title="Москва">М</span>.: Советская энциклопедия, 1992. — Т. 3. — С. 7. — 639 с. — <span style="white-space: nowrap;">50 000 экз.</span> — <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BF_%D1%81%D1%8B%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B/5852700398" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 5-85270-039-8</a>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Спиридонов—1989——5-8-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Спиридонов—1989——5-8_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFСпиридонов1989">Спиридонов, 1989</a>, с. 5-8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Спиридонов—1989——20-22-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Спиридонов—1989——20-22_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFСпиридонов1989">Спиридонов, 1989</a>, с. 20-22</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Спиридонов—1989——172-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Спиридонов—1989——172_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFСпиридонов1989">Спиридонов, 1989</a>, с. 172</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>[ Медь самородная]</i> — Ҙур совет энциклопедияһында мәҡәлә</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uralgold.ru/very_big_f.html">Крупнейшие мономинеральные месторождения (рудные районы, бассейны)</a> <small><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> 2010 йыл 19 июнь <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100619141612/http://uralgold.ru/very_big_f.html">архивланған</a>.</span></small></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">при 20 °С: 394,279 Вт/(м·К), йәғни 0,941 кал/(см·сек·°С)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-алиев-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-алиев_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Электротехнический справочник. Т. 1. / Составитель И. И. Алиев. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default" title="Москва">М</span>. : ИП РадиоСофт, 2006. — C. 246. — <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BF_%D1%81%D1%8B%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B/5930371571" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 5-93037-157-1</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation no-wikidata" data-wikidata-property-id="P1343">Справочник химика / Редкол.: Никольский Б.П. и др.. — 2-е изд., испр. — М.-Л.: Химия, 1966. — Т. 1. — 1072 с.</span></span> </li> </ol> </div> <table class="navbox collapsible collapsed" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="33"><center><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%94%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Менделеев Дмитрий Иванович">Д. И. Менделеев</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D2%99%D1%8B%D2%A3_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Химик элементтарҙың периодик системаһы">химик элементтарҙың периодик системаһы</a></center> </th></tr> <tr> <td width="2%">  </td> <td width="3.0625%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D2%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Һелтеле металдар (был бит юҡ)">1</a> </td> <td width="3.0625%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D2%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Һелтеле ер металдары (был бит юҡ)">2</a> </td> <td width="3.0625%">  </td> <td width="3.0625%">  </td> <td width="3.0625%">  </td> <td width="3.0625%">  </td> <td width="3.0625%">  </td> <td width="3.0625%">  </td> <td width="3.0625%">  </td> <td width="3.0625%">  </td> <td width="3.0625%">  </td> <td width="3.0625%">  </td> <td width="3.0625%">  </td> <td width="3.0625%">  </td> <td width="3.0625%">  </td> <td width="3.0625%">  </td> <td width="3.0625%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%82%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D3%A9%D0%BC%D1%81%D3%99%D2%BB%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Скандий төркөмсәһе (был бит юҡ)">3</a> </td> <td width="3.0625%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%82%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D3%A9%D0%BC%D1%81%D3%99%D2%BB%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Титан төркөмсәһе (был бит юҡ)">4</a> </td> <td width="3.0625%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%82%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D3%A9%D0%BC%D1%81%D3%99%D2%BB%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ванадий төркөмсәһе (был бит юҡ)">5</a> </td> <td width="3.0625%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D1%82%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D3%A9%D0%BC%D1%81%D3%99%D2%BB%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хром төркөмсәһе (был бит юҡ)">6</a> </td> <td width="3.0625%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86_%D1%82%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D3%A9%D0%BC%D1%81%D3%99%D2%BB%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Марганец төркөмсәһе (был бит юҡ)">7</a> </td> <td width="3.0625%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80_%D1%82%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D3%A9%D0%BC%D1%81%D3%99%D2%BB%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тимер төркөмсәһе (был бит юҡ)">8</a> </td> <td width="3.0625%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82_%D1%82%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D3%A9%D0%BC%D1%81%D3%99%D2%BB%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кобальт төркөмсәһе (был бит юҡ)">9</a> </td> <td width="3.0625%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D1%82%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D3%A9%D0%BC%D1%81%D3%99%D2%BB%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Никель төркөмсәһе (был бит юҡ)">10</a> </td> <td width="3.0625%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80_%D1%82%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D3%A9%D0%BC%D1%81%D3%99%D2%BB%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Баҡыр төркөмсәһе (был бит юҡ)">11</a> </td> <td width="3.0625%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA_%D1%82%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D3%A9%D0%BC%D1%81%D3%99%D2%BB%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Цинк төркөмсәһе (был бит юҡ)">12</a> </td> <td width="3.0625%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80_%D1%82%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D3%A9%D0%BC%D1%81%D3%99%D2%BB%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бор төркөмсәһе (был бит юҡ)">13</a> </td> <td width="3.0625%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D1%82%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D3%A9%D0%BC%D1%81%D3%99%D2%BB%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Углерод төркөмсәһе (был бит юҡ)">14</a> </td> <td width="3.0625%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%82_%D1%82%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D3%A9%D0%BC%D1%81%D3%99%D2%BB%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Азот төркөмсәһе (был бит юҡ)">15</a> </td> <td width="3.0625%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Халькогендар (был бит юҡ)">16</a> </td> <td width="3.0625%"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Галогендар">17</a> </td> <td width="3.0625%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Инерт газдар (был бит юҡ)">18</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D2%A3_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Периодик системаның беренсе периоды">1</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Водород">H</a> </td> <td colspan="30">  </td> <td style="background-color:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гелий">He</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D2%A3_%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Периодик системаның икенсе периоды (был бит юҡ)">2</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff6666"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Литий">Li</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffdead"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бериллий (был бит юҡ)">Be</a> </td> <td colspan="24">  </td> <td style="background-color:#cccc99"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80_(%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бор (элемент) (был бит юҡ)">B</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Углерод">C</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Азот">N</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Кислород">O</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffff99"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Фтор">F</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Неон">Ne</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D2%A3_%D3%A9%D1%81%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%81%D3%A9_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Периодик системаның өсөнсө периоды (был бит юҡ)">3</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff6666"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Натрий (был бит юҡ)">Na</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffdead"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Магний">Mg</a> </td> <td colspan="24">  </td> <td style="background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="Алюминий">Al</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Кремний">Si</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Фосфор">P</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A9%D0%BA%D3%A9%D1%80%D1%82" title="Көкөрт">S</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffff99"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Хлор">Cl</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Аргон">Ar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D2%A3_%D0%B4%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Периодик системаның дүртенсе периоды (был бит юҡ)">4</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff6666"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Калий">K</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffdead"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Кальций">Ca</a> </td> <td colspan="14">  </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Скандий (был бит юҡ)">Sc</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82)" title="Титан (элемент)">Ti</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Ванадий">V</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хром (был бит юҡ)">Cr</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86" title="Марганец">Mn</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Тимер">Fe</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82" title="Кобальт">Co</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Никель (был бит юҡ)">Ni</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cu</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA" title="Цинк">Zn</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Галлий">Ga</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Германий">Ge</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#cccc99"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D1%8B%D1%88%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мышьяк (был бит юҡ)">As</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Селен">Se</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffff99"><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Бром">Br</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Криптон">Kr</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D2%A3_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Периодик системаның бишенсе периоды (был бит юҡ)">5</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff6666"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Рубидий">Rb</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffdead"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Стронций">Sr</a> </td> <td colspan="14">  </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%82%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Иттрий">Y</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Цирконий (был бит юҡ)">Zr</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ниобий (был бит юҡ)">Nb</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Молибден (был бит юҡ)">Mo</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Технеций">Tc</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Рутений">Ru</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Родий (был бит юҡ)">Rh</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Палладий (был бит юҡ)">Pd</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A9%D0%BC%D3%A9%D1%88" title="Көмөш">Ag</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Кадмий">Cd</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Индий">In</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D2%A1_%D2%A1%D1%83%D1%80%D2%93%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Аҡ ҡурғаш">Sn</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#cccc99"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сурьма (был бит юҡ)">Sb</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%80" title="Теллур">Te</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffff99"><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Иод">I</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#c0ffff"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ксенон (был бит юҡ)">Xe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D2%A3_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Периодик системаның алтынсы периоды (был бит юҡ)">6</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff6666"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Цезий">Cs</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffdead"><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Барий">Ba</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Лантан (был бит юҡ)">La</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Церий">Ce</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Празеодим">Pr</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC" title="Неодим">Nd</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Прометий">Pm</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Самарий">Sm</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Европий">Eu</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гадолиний">Gd</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Тербий">Tb</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Диспрозий">Dy</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гольмий (был бит юҡ)">Ho</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Эрбий">Er</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тулий (был бит юҡ)">Tm</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Иттербий (был бит юҡ)">Yb</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Лютеций (был бит юҡ)">Lu</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Гафний">Hf</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB_(%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тантал (элемент) (был бит юҡ)">Ta</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Вольфрам">W</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Рений">Re</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Осмий">Os</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Иридий">Ir</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Платина (был бит юҡ)">Pt</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD" title="Алтын">Au</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D3%A9%D0%BC%D3%A9%D1%88" title="Терегөмөш">Hg</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Таллий">Tl</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/%D2%A0%D1%83%D1%80%D2%93%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Ҡурғаш">Pb</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82" title="Висмут">Bi</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Полоний">Po</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffff99"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Астат">At</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Радон">Rn</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D2%A3_%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Периодик системаның етенсе периоды (был бит юҡ)">7</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff6666"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Франций (был бит юҡ)">Fr</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffdead"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Радий">Ra</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Актиний (был бит юҡ)">Ac</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Торий (был бит юҡ)">Th</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Протактиний (был бит юҡ)">Pa</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82)" title="Уран (элемент)">U</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Нептуний">Np</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Плутоний">Pu</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Америций (был бит юҡ)">Am</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Кюрий">Cm</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Берклий (был бит юҡ)">Bk</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Калифорний">Cf</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Эйнштейний (был бит юҡ)">Es</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Фермий">Fm</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Менделевий (был бит юҡ)">Md</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Нобелий">No</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D0%BE%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Лоуренсий (был бит юҡ)">Lr</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Резерфордий">Rf</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Дубний">Db</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Сиборгий">Sg</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Борий">Bh</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хассий (был бит юҡ)">Hs</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Мейтнерий">Mt</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Дармштадтий">Ds</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Рентгений">Rg</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Коперниций">Cn</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#f0f0f0"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Унунтрий (был бит юҡ)">Uut</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#f0f0f0"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Флеровий (был бит юҡ)">Fl</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#f0f0f0"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Унунпентий (был бит юҡ)">Uup</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#f0f0f0"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ливерморий (был бит юҡ)">Lv</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffff99"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Унунсептий (был бит юҡ)">Uus</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#c0ffff"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Унуноктий (был бит юҡ)">Uuo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D2%A3_%D2%BB%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B5%D2%99%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Периодик системаның һигеҙенсе периоды (был бит юҡ)">8</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff6666"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Унуненний (был бит юҡ)">Uue</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffdead"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Унбинилий (был бит юҡ)">Ubn</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#33cc66"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Унбиуний (был бит юҡ)">Ubu</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#33cc66"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Унбибий (был бит юҡ)">Ubb</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#33cc66"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Унбитрий (был бит юҡ)">Ubt</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#33cc66"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Унбиквадий (был бит юҡ)">Ubq</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#33cc66"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Унбипентий (был бит юҡ)">Ubp</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#33cc66"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Унбигексий (был бит юҡ)">Ubh</a> </td> <td colspan="24">  </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="33"> <table class="navbox collapsible" style="text-align:center; font-size:smaller"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background-color:#ff6666" width="8.333%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D2%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Һелтеле металдар (был 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