Maternal stress affects the child neurocognitive and epigenetic outcome

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href="/ias/news-events-insights/annual-report-2020/where-do-our-fellows-come-from/" target="_self" title="Where do our Fellows come from?"> Where do our Fellows come from? </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/news-events-insights/annual-report-2020/facts-and-figures/" target="_self" title="Facts and Figures"> Facts and Figures </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/news-events-insights/annual-report-2020/people/" target="_self" title="People" class="accordion-header c-sitenav__header"> People </a> <button class="accordion-button collapsed c-sitenav__button" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#l1-e2-l2-e3-l3-e9" aria-label="Öffne das Untermenü von People" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="l1-e2-l2-e3-l3-e9" > </button> <div id="l1-e2-l2-e3-l3-e9" class="accordion-collapse collapse c-sitenav__accordion" > <div class="accordion-body c-sitenav__body"> <ul id="menuMainl1-e2-l2-e3-l3-e9" 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class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/news-events-insights/annual-report-2023/scientific-reports/equity-and-diversity-in-architecture/" target="_self" title="Equity and diversity in architecture"> Equity and diversity in architecture </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/news-events-insights/annual-report-2023/scientific-reports/data-driven-flow-capture-and-reconstruction/" target="_self" title="Data-driven flow capture and reconstruction"> Data-driven flow capture and reconstruction </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/news-events-insights/annual-report-2023/scientific-reports/comparative-historical-perspectives-on-platform-capitalism/" target="_self" title="Comparative-Historical Perspectives on Platform Capitalism"> Comparative-Historical Perspectives on Platform Capitalism </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a 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href="/ias/news-events-insights/annual-report-2023/facts-and-figures/" target="_self" title="Facts and Figures"> Facts and Figures </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/news-events-insights/annual-report-2023/people/" target="_self" title="People" class="accordion-header c-sitenav__header"> People </a> <button class="accordion-button collapsed c-sitenav__button" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#l1-e2-l2-e6-l3-e8" aria-label="Öffne das Untermenü von People" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="l1-e2-l2-e6-l3-e8" > </button> <div id="l1-e2-l2-e6-l3-e8" class="accordion-collapse collapse c-sitenav__accordion" > <div class="accordion-body c-sitenav__body"> <ul id="menuMainl1-e2-l2-e6-l3-e8" class=" c-sitenav__menu-children" > <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/news-events-insights/annual-report-2022/people/board-of-trustees-1/" target="_self" title="Board of Trustees"> Board of Trustees </a> 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<li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/people/members/gottfried-wilhelm-leibniz-prizewinners/" target="_self" title="Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prizewinners"> Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prizewinners </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/people/members/tum-ambassadors/" target="_self" title="TUM Ambassadors"> TUM Ambassadors </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/people/members/tum-distinguished-affiliated-professors/" target="_self" title="TUM Distinguished Affiliated Professors"> TUM Distinguished Affiliated Professors </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/people/members/tum-liesel-beckmann-distinguished-professors/" target="_self" title="TUM Liesel Beckmann Distinguished Professors"> TUM Liesel Beckmann Distinguished Professors </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a 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class="accordion-header c-sitenav__header"> General Information </a> <button class="accordion-button collapsed c-sitenav__button" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#l1-e4-l2-e0-l3-e0" aria-label="Öffne das Untermenü von General Information" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="l1-e4-l2-e0-l3-e0" > </button> <div id="l1-e4-l2-e0-l3-e0" class="accordion-collapse collapse c-sitenav__accordion" > <div class="accordion-body c-sitenav__body"> <ul id="menuMainl1-e4-l2-e0-l3-e0" class=" c-sitenav__menu-children" > <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/programs/fellowship-programs/general-information/evaluation-process/" target="_self" title="Evaluation Process"> Evaluation Process </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/programs/fellowship-programs/general-information/responsibilities-of-fellows/" target="_self" title="Responsibilities of Fellows"> Responsibilities of Fellows </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/programs/fellowship-programs/albrecht-struppler-fellowship/" target="_self" title="Albrecht Struppler Fellowship"> Albrecht Struppler Fellowship </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/programs/fellowship-programs/anna-boyksen-fellowship/" target="_self" title="Anna Boyksen Fellowship"> Anna Boyksen Fellowship </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/programs/fellowship-programs/carl-von-linde-fellowship/" target="_self" title="Carl von Linde Fellowship"> Carl von Linde Fellowship </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/programs/fellowship-programs/dieter-schwarz-fellowship/" target="_self" title="Dieter Schwarz Fellowship"> Dieter Schwarz Fellowship </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/programs/fellowship-programs/dieter-schwarz-courageous-research-grant/" target="_self" title="Dieter Schwarz Courageous Research Grant"> Dieter Schwarz Courageous Research Grant </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/programs/fellowship-programs/hans-fischer-fellowship/" target="_self" title="Hans Fischer Fellowship"> Hans Fischer Fellowship </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/programs/fellowship-programs/hans-fischer-senior-fellowship/" target="_self" title="Hans Fischer Senior Fellowship"> Hans Fischer Senior Fellowship </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/programs/fellowship-programs/philosopher-in-residence-fellowship/" target="_self" title="Philosopher in Residence Fellowship"> Philosopher in Residence Fellowship </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/programs/fellowship-programs/rudolf-diesel-industry-fellowship/" target="_self" title="Rudolf Diesel Industry Fellowship"> Rudolf Diesel Industry Fellowship </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/programs/fellowship-programs/rudolf-moessbauer-tenure-track-professorship/" target="_self" title="Rudolf Mößbauer Tenure Track Professorship"> Rudolf Mößbauer Tenure Track Professorship </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/programs/focal-periods/" target="_self" title="Focal Periods"> Focal Periods </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/programs/tum-innovation-networks/" target="_self" title="TUM Innovation Networks"> TUM Innovation Networks </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/" target="_self" title="Research Areas" class="accordion-header"> Research Areas </a> <button class="accordion-button collapsed c-sitenav__button" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#menuMain5" aria-label="Öffne das Untermenü von Research Areas" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="menuMain5" ></button> <div id="menuMain5" class="accordion-collapse collapse c-sitenav__accordion" > <div class="accordion-body c-sitenav__body"> <ul id="menuMainl1-e5" class="accordion c-sitenav__menu-children" > <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/" target="_self" title="Advanced Computation and Modeling" class="accordion-header c-sitenav__header"> Advanced Computation and Modeling </a> <button class="accordion-button collapsed c-sitenav__button" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#l1-e5-l2-e0" aria-label="Öffne das Untermenü von Advanced Computation and Modeling" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="l1-e5-l2-e0" > </button> <div id="l1-e5-l2-e0" class="accordion-collapse collapse c-sitenav__accordion" > <div class="accordion-body c-sitenav__body"> <ul id="menuMainl1-e5-l2-e0" class=" c-sitenav__menu-children" > <li 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class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/artificial-intelligence-in-traffic-engineering-and-control/" target="_self" title="Artificial Intelligence in Traffic Engineering and Control"> Artificial Intelligence in Traffic Engineering and Control </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/data-based-maintenance-of-offshore-wind-energy-conversion/" target="_self" title="Data-Based Maintenance of Offshore Wind Energy Conversion"> Data-Based Maintenance of Offshore Wind Energy Conversion </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/digital-twins-of-civil-structures-and-protection-systems-in-a-climate-change-perspective-react/" target="_self" title="Digital Twins Of Civil StRucturEs And Protection Systems In A ClimAte Change PerspecTive (REACT)"> Digital Twins Of Civil StRucturEs And Protection Systems In A ClimAte Change PerspecTive (REACT) </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/enabling-neuromorphic-computing-for-multi-tenant-ai/" target="_self" title="Enabling Neuromorphic Computing for Multi-Tenant AI"> Enabling Neuromorphic Computing for Multi-Tenant AI </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/human-ai-collaboration-for-decision-making/" target="_self" title="Human-AI Collaboration for Decision Making"> Human-AI Collaboration for Decision Making </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/light-induced-molecular-transformations-on-cluster-assembled-materials/" target="_self" title="Light-Induced Molecular Transformations on Cluster-Assembled Materials"> Light-Induced Molecular Transformations on Cluster-Assembled Materials </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/machine-learning/" target="_self" title="Machine Learning"> Machine Learning </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/machine-learning-for-energy-analysis/" target="_self" title="Machine Learning for Energy Analysis"> Machine Learning for Energy Analysis </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/model-reduction-for-structural-reliability-analysis/" target="_self" title="Model Reduction for Structural Reliability Analysis"> Model Reduction for Structural Reliability Analysis </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/multibody-systems/" target="_self" title="Multibody Systems"> Multibody Systems </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/next-generation-deep-learning-in-therapy-monitoring/" target="_self" title="Next Generation Deep Learning in Therapy Monitoring"> Next Generation Deep Learning in Therapy Monitoring </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/novel-tensor-network-methods-for-strongly-correlated-quantum-systems/" target="_self" title="Novel tensor network methods for strongly correlated quantum systems"> Novel tensor network methods for strongly correlated quantum systems </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/quantitative-imaging-biomarkers-for-predictive-healthcare/" target="_self" title="Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers for Predictive Healthcare"> Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers for Predictive Healthcare </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/quantum-logic-and-the-second-quantum-revolution/" target="_self" title="Quantum Logic and the Second Quantum Revolution"> Quantum Logic and the Second Quantum Revolution </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/responsible-ai-for-trustworthy-technology-and-automation/" target="_self" title="Responsible AI for Trustworthy Technology and Automation"> Responsible AI for Trustworthy Technology and Automation </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/scientific-machine-learning/" target="_self" title="Scientific Machine Learning"> Scientific Machine Learning </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/software-engineering-for-ai/" target="_self" title="Software Engineering for AI"> Software Engineering for AI </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/structural-design/" target="_self" title="Structural Design"> Structural Design </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/systematically-improvable-modeling-of-electrochemical-processes/" target="_self" title="Systematically Improvable Modeling of Electrochemical Processes"> Systematically Improvable Modeling of Electrochemical Processes </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/theoretical-methods-in-spectroscopy/" target="_self" title="Theoretical Methods in Spectroscopy"> Theoretical Methods in Spectroscopy </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/trustworthy-knowledge-graphs/" target="_self" title="Trustworthy Knowledge Graphs"> Trustworthy Knowledge Graphs </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/visual-computing/" target="_self" title="Visual Computing"> Visual Computing </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/alumni-focus-groups/" target="_self" title="Alumni Focus Groups" class="accordion-header c-sitenav__header"> Alumni Focus Groups </a> <button class="accordion-button collapsed c-sitenav__button" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#l1-e5-l2-e0-l3-e25" aria-label="Öffne das Untermenü von Alumni Focus Groups" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="l1-e5-l2-e0-l3-e25" > </button> <div id="l1-e5-l2-e0-l3-e25" class="accordion-collapse collapse c-sitenav__accordion" > <div class="accordion-body c-sitenav__body"> <ul id="menuMainl1-e5-l2-e0-l3-e25" class=" c-sitenav__menu-children" > <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/alumni-focus-groups/advanced-cardiac-mechanics-emulator/" target="_self" title="Advanced Cardiac Mechanics Emulator"> Advanced Cardiac Mechanics Emulator </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/alumni-focus-groups/advanced-computation/" target="_self" title="Advanced Computation"> Advanced Computation </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/alumni-focus-groups/advanced-stability-analysis/" target="_self" title="Advanced Stability Analysis"> Advanced Stability Analysis </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/alumni-focus-groups/built-environment-digital-twinning/" target="_self" title="Built Environment Digital Twinning"> Built Environment Digital Twinning </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/alumni-focus-groups/complex-systems-modeling-and-computation/" target="_self" title="Complex Systems Modeling and Computation"> Complex Systems Modeling and Computation </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/alumni-focus-groups/computational-biomechanics/" target="_self" title="Computational Biomechanics"> Computational Biomechanics </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/alumni-focus-groups/computer-vision-and-machine-learning/" target="_self" title="Computer Vision and Machine Learning"> Computer Vision and Machine Learning </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/alumni-focus-groups/computational-transport-oncophysics/" target="_self" title="Computational Transport Oncophysics"> Computational Transport Oncophysics </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/alumni-focus-groups/computational-mechanics-geometry-and-numerical-simulation/" target="_self" title="Computational Mechanics: Geometry and Numerical Simulation"> Computational Mechanics: Geometry and Numerical Simulation </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/alumni-focus-groups/data-driven-dynamical-systems-analysis-in-fluid-mechanics/" target="_self" title="Data-driven Dynamical Systems Analysis in Fluid Mechanics"> Data-driven Dynamical Systems Analysis in Fluid Mechanics </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/alumni-focus-groups/data-informed-decisions-for-structures-and-infrastructures/" target="_self" title="Data-informed Decisions for Structures and Infrastructures"> Data-informed Decisions for Structures and Infrastructures </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/alumni-focus-groups/data-mining-analytics/" target="_self" title="Data Mining & Analytics"> Data Mining & Analytics </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/alumni-focus-groups/high-performance-computing-hpc/" target="_self" title="High Performance Computing (HPC)"> High Performance Computing (HPC) </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/alumni-focus-groups/optimal-transport-in-science-technology-and-society/" target="_self" title="Optimal Transport in Science, Technology, and Society"> Optimal Transport in Science, Technology, and Society </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/alumni-focus-groups/risk-analysis-and-stochastic-modeling/" target="_self" title="Risk Analysis and Stochastic Modeling"> Risk Analysis and Stochastic Modeling </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/alumni-focus-groups/network-dynamics/" target="_self" title="Network Dynamics"> Network Dynamics </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/alumni-focus-groups/neuromorphic-computing/" target="_self" title="Neuromorphic Computing"> Neuromorphic Computing </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/alumni-focus-groups/simulation-and-digital-twin/" target="_self" title="Simulation and Digital Twin"> Simulation and Digital Twin </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/advanced-computation-and-modeling/alumni-focus-groups/uncertainty-quantification-and-predictive-modeling/" target="_self" title="Uncertainty Quantification and Predictive Modeling"> Uncertainty Quantification and Predictive Modeling </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/bio-engineering-imaging/" target="_self" title="Bio-Engineering & Imaging" class="accordion-header c-sitenav__header"> Bio-Engineering & Imaging </a> <button class="accordion-button collapsed c-sitenav__button" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#l1-e5-l2-e1" aria-label="Öffne das Untermenü von Bio-Engineering & Imaging" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="l1-e5-l2-e1" > </button> <div id="l1-e5-l2-e1" class="accordion-collapse collapse c-sitenav__accordion" > <div class="accordion-body c-sitenav__body"> <ul id="menuMainl1-e5-l2-e1" class=" c-sitenav__menu-children" > <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/bio-engineering-imaging/biomedical-magnetic-resonance/" target="_self" title="Biomedical Magnetic Resonance"> Biomedical Magnetic Resonance </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/bio-engineering-imaging/cardiomri/" target="_self" title="CardioMRI"> CardioMRI </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/bio-engineering-imaging/clinical-translation-of-microbeam-radiotherapy/" target="_self" title="Clinical Translation of Microbeam Radiotherapy"> Clinical Translation of Microbeam Radiotherapy </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/bio-engineering-imaging/imaging-cancer-metabolism-using-magnetic-resonance/" target="_self" title="Imaging Cancer Metabolism using Magnetic Resonance"> Imaging Cancer Metabolism using Magnetic Resonance </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/bio-engineering-imaging/x-ray-and-computed-tomography-research/" target="_self" title="X-Ray and Computed Tomography Research"> X-Ray and Computed Tomography Research </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/bio-engineering-imaging/alumni-focus-groups/" target="_self" title="Alumni Focus Groups" class="accordion-header c-sitenav__header"> Alumni Focus Groups </a> <button class="accordion-button collapsed c-sitenav__button" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#l1-e5-l2-e1-l3-e5" aria-label="Öffne das Untermenü von Alumni Focus Groups" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="l1-e5-l2-e1-l3-e5" > </button> <div id="l1-e5-l2-e1-l3-e5" class="accordion-collapse collapse c-sitenav__accordion" > <div class="accordion-body c-sitenav__body"> <ul id="menuMainl1-e5-l2-e1-l3-e5" class=" c-sitenav__menu-children" > <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/bio-engineering-imaging/alumni-focus-groups/biomedical-engineering/" target="_self" title="Biomedical Engineering"> Biomedical Engineering </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/bio-engineering-imaging/alumni-focus-groups/image-based-biomedical-modeling/" target="_self" title="Image-based Biomedical Modeling"> Image-based Biomedical Modeling </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/bio-engineering-imaging/alumni-focus-groups/human-machine-collaborative-systems/" target="_self" title="Human-Machine Collaborative Systems"> Human-Machine Collaborative Systems </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/bio-engineering-imaging/alumni-focus-groups/microfluidic-design-automation-mda/" target="_self" title="Microfluidic Design Automation (MDA)"> Microfluidic Design Automation (MDA) </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/bio-engineering-imaging/alumni-focus-groups/molecular-imaging/" target="_self" title="Molecular Imaging"> Molecular Imaging </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/bio-engineering-imaging/alumni-focus-groups/neuroimaging/" target="_self" title="Neuroimaging"> Neuroimaging </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/bio-engineering-imaging/alumni-focus-groups/phase-contrast-computed-tomography/" target="_self" title="Phase Contrast Computed Tomography"> Phase Contrast Computed Tomography </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/bio-engineering-imaging/alumni-focus-groups/subcellular-dynamics-in-neurons/" target="_self" title="Subcellular Dynamics in Neurons"> Subcellular Dynamics in Neurons </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/bio-engineering-imaging/alumni-focus-groups/optimal-control-and-medical-imaging/" target="_self" title="Optimal Control and Medical Imaging"> Optimal Control and Medical Imaging </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/communication-and-information/" target="_self" title="Communication and Information" class="accordion-header c-sitenav__header"> Communication and Information </a> <button class="accordion-button collapsed c-sitenav__button" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#l1-e5-l2-e2" aria-label="Öffne das Untermenü von Communication and Information" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="l1-e5-l2-e2" > </button> <div id="l1-e5-l2-e2" class="accordion-collapse collapse c-sitenav__accordion" > <div class="accordion-body c-sitenav__body"> <ul id="menuMainl1-e5-l2-e2" class=" c-sitenav__menu-children" > <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/communication-and-information/behavioral-science-for-disease-prevention-and-health-care/" target="_self" title="Behavioral Science for Disease Prevention and Health Care"> Behavioral Science for Disease Prevention and Health Care </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/communication-and-information/coding-for-dna-storage-applications/" target="_self" title="Coding for DNA Storage Applications"> Coding for DNA Storage Applications </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/communication-and-information/cryptography/" target="_self" title="Cryptography"> Cryptography </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/communication-and-information/alumni-focus-groups/" target="_self" title="Alumni Focus Groups" class="accordion-header c-sitenav__header"> Alumni Focus Groups </a> <button class="accordion-button collapsed c-sitenav__button" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#l1-e5-l2-e2-l3-e3" aria-label="Öffne das Untermenü von Alumni Focus Groups" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="l1-e5-l2-e2-l3-e3" > </button> <div id="l1-e5-l2-e2-l3-e3" class="accordion-collapse collapse c-sitenav__accordion" > <div class="accordion-body c-sitenav__body"> <ul id="menuMainl1-e5-l2-e2-l3-e3" class=" c-sitenav__menu-children" > <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/communication-and-information/alumni-focus-groups/coding-for-communications-and-data-storage-cod/" target="_self" title="Coding for Communications and Data Storage (COD)"> Coding for Communications and Data Storage (COD) </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/communication-and-information/alumni-focus-groups/exploiting-antenna-arrays-for-next-generation-wireless-communications-systems/" target="_self" title="Exploiting Antenna Arrays for Next Generation Wireless Communications Systems"> Exploiting Antenna Arrays for Next Generation Wireless Communications Systems </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/communication-and-information/alumni-focus-groups/fiber-optic-communication-and-information-theory/" target="_self" title="Fiber-Optic Communication and Information Theory"> Fiber-Optic Communication and Information Theory </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/communication-and-information/alumni-focus-groups/information-interaction-and-mechanism-design/" target="_self" title="Information, Interaction and Mechanism Design"> Information, Interaction and Mechanism Design </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/control-theory-systems-engineering-and-robotics/" target="_self" title="Control Theory, Systems Engineering and Robotics" class="accordion-header c-sitenav__header"> Control Theory, Systems Engineering and Robotics </a> <button class="accordion-button collapsed c-sitenav__button" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#l1-e5-l2-e3" aria-label="Öffne das Untermenü von Control Theory, Systems Engineering and Robotics" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="l1-e5-l2-e3" > </button> <div id="l1-e5-l2-e3" class="accordion-collapse collapse c-sitenav__accordion" > <div class="accordion-body c-sitenav__body"> <ul id="menuMainl1-e5-l2-e3" class=" c-sitenav__menu-children" > <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/control-theory-systems-engineering-and-robotics/autonomous-vehicles-systems-avs/" target="_self" title="Autonomous Vehicles Systems (AVS)"> Autonomous Vehicles Systems (AVS) </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/control-theory-systems-engineering-and-robotics/efficient-and-reliable-energy-conversion-technique-for-20mw-level-offshore-wind-energy/" target="_self" title="Efficient and Reliable Energy Conversion Technique for 20MW-level Offshore Wind Energy"> Efficient and Reliable Energy Conversion Technique for 20MW-level Offshore Wind Energy </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/control-theory-systems-engineering-and-robotics/alumni-focus-groups/" target="_self" title="Alumni Focus Groups" class="accordion-header c-sitenav__header"> Alumni Focus Groups </a> <button class="accordion-button collapsed c-sitenav__button" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#l1-e5-l2-e3-l3-e2" aria-label="Öffne das Untermenü von Alumni Focus Groups" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="l1-e5-l2-e3-l3-e2" > </button> <div id="l1-e5-l2-e3-l3-e2" class="accordion-collapse collapse c-sitenav__accordion" > <div class="accordion-body c-sitenav__body"> <ul id="menuMainl1-e5-l2-e3-l3-e2" class=" c-sitenav__menu-children" > <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/control-theory-systems-engineering-and-robotics/alumni-focus-groups/aircraft-stability-and-control/" target="_self" title="Aircraft Stability and Control"> Aircraft Stability and Control </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/control-theory-systems-engineering-and-robotics/alumni-focus-groups/artificial-electronic-skin/" target="_self" title="Artificial Electronic Skin"> Artificial Electronic Skin </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/control-theory-systems-engineering-and-robotics/alumni-focus-groups/automated-controller-synthesis/" target="_self" title="Automated Controller Synthesis"> Automated Controller Synthesis </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/control-theory-systems-engineering-and-robotics/alumni-focus-groups/cognitive-technology/" target="_self" title="Cognitive Technology"> Cognitive Technology </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/control-theory-systems-engineering-and-robotics/alumni-focus-groups/control-and-robotics/" target="_self" title="Control and Robotics"> Control and Robotics </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/control-theory-systems-engineering-and-robotics/alumni-focus-groups/diesel-reloaded/" target="_self" title="Diesel Reloaded"> Diesel Reloaded </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/control-theory-systems-engineering-and-robotics/alumni-focus-groups/embedded-systems-and-internet-of-things/" target="_self" title="Embedded Systems and Internet of Things"> Embedded Systems and Internet of Things </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/control-theory-systems-engineering-and-robotics/alumni-focus-groups/human-in-the-loop-ocean-robotics/" target="_self" title="Human-in-the-Loop Ocean Robotics"> Human-in-the-Loop Ocean Robotics </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/control-theory-systems-engineering-and-robotics/alumni-focus-groups/networked-cyber-physical-systems-netcyphy/" target="_self" title="Networked Cyber-Physical Systems (NetCyPhy)"> Networked Cyber-Physical Systems (NetCyPhy) </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/control-theory-systems-engineering-and-robotics/alumni-focus-groups/networked-dynamical-systems/" target="_self" title="Networked Dynamical Systems"> Networked Dynamical Systems </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/control-theory-systems-engineering-and-robotics/alumni-focus-groups/safe-adaptive-dependable-aerospace-systems-sadas/" target="_self" title="Safe Adaptive Dependable Aerospace Systems (SADAS)"> Safe Adaptive Dependable Aerospace Systems (SADAS) </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/environmental-and-earth-sciences-building-technology/" target="_self" title="Environmental and Earth Sciences, Building Technology" class="accordion-header c-sitenav__header"> Environmental and Earth Sciences, Building Technology </a> <button class="accordion-button collapsed c-sitenav__button" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#l1-e5-l2-e4" aria-label="Öffne das Untermenü von Environmental and Earth Sciences, Building Technology" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="l1-e5-l2-e4" > </button> <div id="l1-e5-l2-e4" class="accordion-collapse collapse c-sitenav__accordion" > <div class="accordion-body c-sitenav__body"> <ul id="menuMainl1-e5-l2-e4" class=" c-sitenav__menu-children" > <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/environmental-and-earth-sciences-building-technology/air-pollution-and-climate/" target="_self" title="Air Pollution and Climate"> Air Pollution and Climate </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/environmental-and-earth-sciences-building-technology/citizen-science-nature-watch/" target="_self" title="Citizen Science Nature Watch"> Citizen Science Nature Watch </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/environmental-and-earth-sciences-building-technology/earth-observation-for-ecosystem-management/" target="_self" title="Earth Observation for Ecosystem Management"> Earth Observation for Ecosystem Management </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/environmental-and-earth-sciences-building-technology/human-centric-building-performance/" target="_self" title="Human-Centric Building Performance"> Human-Centric Building Performance </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/environmental-and-earth-sciences-building-technology/travel-behavior/" target="_self" title="Travel Behavior"> Travel Behavior </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/environmental-and-earth-sciences-building-technology/alumni-focus-groups/" target="_self" title="Alumni Focus Groups" class="accordion-header c-sitenav__header"> Alumni Focus Groups </a> <button class="accordion-button collapsed c-sitenav__button" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#l1-e5-l2-e4-l3-e5" aria-label="Öffne das Untermenü von Alumni Focus Groups" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="l1-e5-l2-e4-l3-e5" > </button> <div id="l1-e5-l2-e4-l3-e5" class="accordion-collapse collapse c-sitenav__accordion" > <div class="accordion-body c-sitenav__body"> <ul id="menuMainl1-e5-l2-e4-l3-e5" class=" c-sitenav__menu-children" > <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/environmental-and-earth-sciences-building-technology/alumni-focus-groups/advanced-construction-chemicals-and-materials/" target="_self" title="Advanced Construction Chemicals and Materials"> Advanced Construction Chemicals and Materials </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/environmental-and-earth-sciences-building-technology/alumni-focus-groups/engineering-risk-analysis/" target="_self" title="Engineering Risk Analysis"> Engineering Risk Analysis </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/environmental-and-earth-sciences-building-technology/alumni-focus-groups/environmental-sensing-and-modeling/" target="_self" title="Environmental Sensing and Modeling"> Environmental Sensing and Modeling </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/environmental-and-earth-sciences-building-technology/alumni-focus-groups/global-change/" target="_self" title="Global Change"> Global Change </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/environmental-and-earth-sciences-building-technology/alumni-focus-groups/high-resolution-gravity-modeling/" target="_self" title="High-Resolution Gravity Modeling"> High-Resolution Gravity Modeling </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/environmental-and-earth-sciences-building-technology/alumni-focus-groups/metropolis-nonformal/" target="_self" title="Metropolis Nonformal"> Metropolis Nonformal </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/environmental-and-earth-sciences-building-technology/alumni-focus-groups/modeling-spatial-mobility/" target="_self" title="Modeling Spatial Mobility"> Modeling Spatial Mobility </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/environmental-and-earth-sciences-building-technology/alumni-focus-groups/pollutants-and-sustainability-governance/" target="_self" title="Pollutants and Sustainability Governance"> Pollutants and Sustainability Governance </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/environmental-and-earth-sciences-building-technology/alumni-focus-groups/satellite-geodesy/" target="_self" title="Satellite Geodesy"> Satellite Geodesy </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/environmental-and-earth-sciences-building-technology/alumni-focus-groups/soil-architecture/" target="_self" title="Soil Architecture"> Soil Architecture </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/environmental-and-earth-sciences-building-technology/alumni-focus-groups/sustainable-water-cycling-for-cities-of-the-future/" target="_self" title="Sustainable Water Cycling for Cities of the Future"> Sustainable Water Cycling for Cities of the Future </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/fundamental-natural-and-life-sciences/" target="_self" title="Fundamental Natural and Life Sciences" class="accordion-header c-sitenav__header"> Fundamental Natural and Life Sciences </a> <button class="accordion-button collapsed c-sitenav__button" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#l1-e5-l2-e5" aria-label="Öffne das Untermenü von Fundamental Natural and Life Sciences" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="l1-e5-l2-e5" > </button> <div id="l1-e5-l2-e5" class="accordion-collapse collapse c-sitenav__accordion" > <div class="accordion-body c-sitenav__body"> <ul id="menuMainl1-e5-l2-e5" class=" c-sitenav__menu-children" > <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/fundamental-natural-and-life-sciences/auxin-exporters-as-targets-for-herbicide-resistance/" target="_self" title="Auxin Exporters as Targets for Herbicide Resistance"> Auxin Exporters as Targets for Herbicide Resistance </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/fundamental-natural-and-life-sciences/brain-circuit-function-and-dysfunction/" target="_self" title="Brain Circuit Function and Dysfunction"> Brain Circuit Function and Dysfunction </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/fundamental-natural-and-life-sciences/cell-stress-in-intestinal-tissue-repair-and-microbiome-homeostasis/" target="_self" title="Cell Stress in Intestinal Tissue Repair and Microbiome Homeostasis"> Cell Stress in Intestinal Tissue Repair and Microbiome Homeostasis </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/fundamental-natural-and-life-sciences/molecular-designs-of-site-specific-activity/" target="_self" title="Molecular Designs of Site-Specific Activity"> Molecular Designs of Site-Specific Activity </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/fundamental-natural-and-life-sciences/molecular-imaging-of-cellular-metabolism/" target="_self" title="Molecular Imaging of Cellular Metabolism"> Molecular Imaging of Cellular Metabolism </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/fundamental-natural-and-life-sciences/neuroglial-circuits-in-health-and-disease/" target="_self" title="Neuroglial circuits in health and disease"> Neuroglial circuits in health and disease </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/fundamental-natural-and-life-sciences/optoelectronic-properties-of-perovskite-semiconductors/" target="_self" title="Optoelectronic Properties of Perovskite Semiconductors"> Optoelectronic Properties of Perovskite Semiconductors </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/fundamental-natural-and-life-sciences/photophysics-and-electronic-structure-of-metal-organic-frameworks/" target="_self" title="Photophysics and Electronic Structure of Metal-Organic Frameworks"> Photophysics and Electronic Structure of Metal-Organic Frameworks </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/fundamental-natural-and-life-sciences/synthetic-biochemistry/" target="_self" title="Synthetic Biochemistry"> Synthetic Biochemistry </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/fundamental-natural-and-life-sciences/alumni-focus-groups/" target="_self" title="Alumni Focus Groups" class="accordion-header c-sitenav__header"> Alumni Focus Groups </a> <button class="accordion-button collapsed c-sitenav__button" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#l1-e5-l2-e5-l3-e9" aria-label="Öffne das Untermenü von Alumni Focus Groups" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="l1-e5-l2-e5-l3-e9" > </button> <div id="l1-e5-l2-e5-l3-e9" class="accordion-collapse collapse c-sitenav__accordion" > <div class="accordion-body c-sitenav__body"> <ul id="menuMainl1-e5-l2-e5-l3-e9" class=" c-sitenav__menu-children" > <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/fundamental-natural-and-life-sciences/alumni-focus-groups/biochemistry/" target="_self" title="Biochemistry"> Biochemistry </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/fundamental-natural-and-life-sciences/alumni-focus-groups/biologically-inspired-materials-science/" target="_self" title="Biologically Inspired Materials Science"> Biologically Inspired Materials Science </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/fundamental-natural-and-life-sciences/alumni-focus-groups/biophysics/" target="_self" title="Biophysics"> Biophysics </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/fundamental-natural-and-life-sciences/alumni-focus-groups/c-h-activation-chemistry/" target="_self" title="C-H Activation Chemistry"> C-H Activation Chemistry </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/fundamental-natural-and-life-sciences/alumni-focus-groups/cellular-protein-biochemistry/" target="_self" title="Cellular Protein Biochemistry"> Cellular Protein Biochemistry </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/fundamental-natural-and-life-sciences/alumni-focus-groups/chemical-catalysis-photo-catalysis-and-electro-catalysis/" target="_self" title="Chemical Catalysis, Photo-catalysis and Electro-catalysis"> Chemical Catalysis, Photo-catalysis and Electro-catalysis </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/fundamental-natural-and-life-sciences/alumni-focus-groups/computational-biology/" target="_self" title="Computational Biology"> Computational Biology </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/fundamental-natural-and-life-sciences/alumni-focus-groups/drought-mitigation-through-ecosystem-restoration-challenges-and-opportunities/" target="_self" title="Drought mitigation through ecosystem restoration: Challenges and opportunities"> Drought mitigation through ecosystem restoration: Challenges and opportunities </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/fundamental-natural-and-life-sciences/alumni-focus-groups/functional-metagenomics/" target="_self" title="Functional Metagenomics"> Functional Metagenomics </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/fundamental-natural-and-life-sciences/alumni-focus-groups/fundamental-physics/" target="_self" title="Fundamental Physics"> Fundamental Physics </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/fundamental-natural-and-life-sciences/alumni-focus-groups/fungal-sensing-and-signaling-of-the-environment/" target="_self" title="Fungal Sensing and Signaling of the Environment"> Fungal Sensing and Signaling of the Environment </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/fundamental-natural-and-life-sciences/alumni-focus-groups/integrated-structural-biology/" target="_self" title="Integrated Structural Biology"> Integrated Structural Biology </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/fundamental-natural-and-life-sciences/alumni-focus-groups/medicinal-and-bioinorganic-chemistry/" target="_self" title="Medicinal and Bioinorganic Chemistry"> Medicinal and Bioinorganic Chemistry </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/fundamental-natural-and-life-sciences/alumni-focus-groups/multi-messenger-astrophysics-and-the-united-nations-open-universe-initiative/" target="_self" title="Multi-Messenger astrophysics and the United Nations Open Universe initiative"> Multi-Messenger astrophysics and the United Nations Open Universe initiative </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/fundamental-natural-and-life-sciences/alumni-focus-groups/physics-with-effective-field-theories/" target="_self" title="Physics with Effective Field Theories"> Physics with Effective Field Theories </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/fundamental-natural-and-life-sciences/alumni-focus-groups/population-epigenetics-and-epigenomics/" target="_self" title="Population Epigenetics and Epigenomics"> Population Epigenetics and Epigenomics </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/fundamental-natural-and-life-sciences/alumni-focus-groups/protein-misfolding-and-amyloid-diseases/" target="_self" title="Protein Misfolding and Amyloid Diseases"> Protein Misfolding and Amyloid Diseases </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/fundamental-natural-and-life-sciences/alumni-focus-groups/statistical-and-quantitative-genomics/" target="_self" title="Statistical and Quantitative Genomics"> Statistical and Quantitative Genomics </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/fundamental-natural-and-life-sciences/alumni-focus-groups/sterile-neutrinos-and-dark-matter/" target="_self" title="Sterile Neutrinos and Dark Matter"> Sterile Neutrinos and Dark Matter </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/fundamental-natural-and-life-sciences/alumni-focus-groups/structural-membrane-biochemistry/" target="_self" title="Structural Membrane Biochemistry"> Structural Membrane Biochemistry </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/fundamental-natural-and-life-sciences/alumni-focus-groups/supramolecular-chemistry/" target="_self" title="Supramolecular Chemistry"> Supramolecular Chemistry </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/fundamental-natural-and-life-sciences/alumni-focus-groups/theory-of-functional-energy-materials/" target="_self" title="Theory of Functional Energy Materials"> Theory of Functional Energy Materials </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/fundamental-natural-and-life-sciences/alumni-focus-groups/theory-of-soft-matter/" target="_self" title="Theory of Soft Matter"> Theory of Soft Matter </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/gender-and-diversity-in-science-and-engineering/" target="_self" title="Gender and Diversity in Science and Engineering" class="accordion-header c-sitenav__header"> Gender and Diversity in Science and Engineering </a> <button class="accordion-button collapsed c-sitenav__button" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#l1-e5-l2-e6" aria-label="Öffne das Untermenü von Gender and Diversity in Science and Engineering" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="l1-e5-l2-e6" > </button> <div id="l1-e5-l2-e6" class="accordion-collapse collapse c-sitenav__accordion" > <div class="accordion-body c-sitenav__body"> <ul id="menuMainl1-e5-l2-e6" class=" c-sitenav__menu-children" > <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/gender-and-diversity-in-science-and-engineering/feminism-and-digital-cultures-in-architecture/" target="_self" title="Feminism and Digital Cultures in Architecture"> Feminism and Digital Cultures in Architecture </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/gender-and-diversity-in-science-and-engineering/gene-regulatory-mechanisms/" target="_self" title="Gene-regulatory mechanisms"> Gene-regulatory mechanisms </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/gender-and-diversity-in-science-and-engineering/he-for-she-understanding-mens-allyship-to-promote-gender-equality/" target="_self" title="He for She: Understanding Men’s Allyship to Promote Gender Equality"> He for She: Understanding Men’s Allyship to Promote Gender Equality </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/gender-and-diversity-in-science-and-engineering/inclusion-and-diversity-in-the-manufacturing-sector-in-industry-40/" target="_self" title="Inclusion and Diversity in the Manufacturing sector in Industry 4.0"> Inclusion and Diversity in the Manufacturing sector in Industry 4.0 </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/gender-and-diversity-in-science-and-engineering/learning-sciences-and-educational-design-technologies/" target="_self" title="Learning Sciences and Educational Design Technologies"> Learning Sciences and Educational Design Technologies </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/gender-and-diversity-in-science-and-engineering/alumni-focus-groups/" target="_self" title="Alumni Focus Groups" class="accordion-header c-sitenav__header"> Alumni Focus Groups </a> <button class="accordion-button collapsed c-sitenav__button" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#l1-e5-l2-e6-l3-e5" aria-label="Öffne das Untermenü von Alumni Focus Groups" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="l1-e5-l2-e6-l3-e5" > </button> <div id="l1-e5-l2-e6-l3-e5" class="accordion-collapse collapse c-sitenav__accordion" > <div class="accordion-body c-sitenav__body"> <ul id="menuMainl1-e5-l2-e6-l3-e5" class=" c-sitenav__menu-children" > <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/gender-and-diversity-in-science-and-engineering/alumni-focus-groups/biomedical-humanities/" target="_self" title="Biomedical Humanities"> Biomedical Humanities </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/gender-and-diversity-in-science-and-engineering/alumni-focus-groups/building-bridges-to-promote-gender-inclusivity-in-science/" target="_self" title="Building Bridges to Promote Gender Inclusivity in Science"> Building Bridges to Promote Gender Inclusivity in Science </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/gender-and-diversity-in-science-and-engineering/alumni-focus-groups/diversity-in-information-technology/" target="_self" title="Diversity in Information Technology"> Diversity in Information Technology </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/gender-and-diversity-in-science-and-engineering/alumni-focus-groups/gender-and-diversity-in-science-and-engineering/" target="_self" title="Gender and Diversity in Science and Engineering"> Gender and Diversity in Science and Engineering </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/gender-and-diversity-in-science-and-engineering/alumni-focus-groups/gender-stereotypes-in-organizations/" target="_self" title="Gender Stereotypes in Organizations"> Gender Stereotypes in Organizations </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/gender-and-diversity-in-science-and-engineering/alumni-focus-groups/inclusion-and-diversity-in-physics/" target="_self" title="Inclusion and Diversity in Physics"> Inclusion and Diversity in Physics </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/gender-and-diversity-in-science-and-engineering/alumni-focus-groups/modern-technology-to-support-cognitive-and-mental-health/" target="_self" title="Modern Technology to Support Cognitive and Mental Health"> Modern Technology to Support Cognitive and Mental Health </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/gender-and-diversity-in-science-and-engineering/alumni-focus-groups/preventive-pediatrics/" target="_self" title="Preventive Pediatrics"> Preventive Pediatrics </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/gender-and-diversity-in-science-and-engineering/alumni-focus-groups/removing-institutional-roadblocks-for-inclusion-in-science/" target="_self" title="Removing Institutional Roadblocks for Inclusion in Science"> Removing Institutional Roadblocks for Inclusion in Science </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/gender-and-diversity-in-science-and-engineering/alumni-focus-groups/rethinking-patterns-of-inequity-and-diversity-in-architecture/" target="_self" title="Rethinking Patterns of (In)equity and Diversity in Architecture"> Rethinking Patterns of (In)equity and Diversity in Architecture </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/health-prevention-care/" target="_self" title="Health, Prevention, Care" class="accordion-header c-sitenav__header"> Health, Prevention, Care </a> <button class="accordion-button collapsed c-sitenav__button" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#l1-e5-l2-e7" aria-label="Öffne das Untermenü von Health, Prevention, Care" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="l1-e5-l2-e7" > </button> <div id="l1-e5-l2-e7" class="accordion-collapse collapse c-sitenav__accordion" > <div class="accordion-body c-sitenav__body"> <ul id="menuMainl1-e5-l2-e7" class=" c-sitenav__menu-children" > <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/health-prevention-care/boundary-situations-and-spiritual-care/" target="_self" title="Boundary Situations and Spiritual Care"> Boundary Situations and Spiritual Care </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/medical-natural-sciences/" target="_self" title="Medical Natural Sciences" class="accordion-header c-sitenav__header"> Medical Natural Sciences </a> <button class="accordion-button collapsed c-sitenav__button" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#l1-e5-l2-e8" aria-label="Öffne das Untermenü von Medical Natural Sciences" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="l1-e5-l2-e8" > </button> <div id="l1-e5-l2-e8" class="accordion-collapse collapse c-sitenav__accordion" > <div class="accordion-body c-sitenav__body"> <ul id="menuMainl1-e5-l2-e8" class=" c-sitenav__menu-children" > <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/medical-natural-sciences/advanced-organoid-technologies-for-mental-health-research/" target="_self" title="Advanced Organoid Technologies for Mental Health Research"> Advanced Organoid Technologies for Mental Health Research </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/medical-natural-sciences/chronobiology-health/" target="_self" title="Chronobiology & Health"> Chronobiology & Health </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/medical-natural-sciences/engineering-cells-for-immune-therapie/" target="_self" title="Engineering Cells for Immune Therapie"> Engineering Cells for Immune Therapie </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/medical-natural-sciences/intestinal-inflammation-anastomotic-healing-and-fibrosis/" target="_self" title="Intestinal inflammation, anastomotic healing and fibrosis"> Intestinal inflammation, anastomotic healing and fibrosis </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/medical-natural-sciences/linking-genomics-with-computational-science/" target="_self" title="Linking genomics with computational science"> Linking genomics with computational science </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/medical-natural-sciences/neurons-and-metabolism/" target="_self" title="Neurons and Metabolism"> Neurons and Metabolism </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/medical-natural-sciences/translational-microbiome-data-integration/" target="_self" title="Translational Microbiome Data Integration"> Translational Microbiome Data Integration </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/medical-natural-sciences/alumni-focus-groups/" target="_self" title="Alumni Focus Groups" class="accordion-header c-sitenav__header"> Alumni Focus Groups </a> <button class="accordion-button collapsed c-sitenav__button" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#l1-e5-l2-e8-l3-e7" aria-label="Öffne das Untermenü von Alumni Focus Groups" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="l1-e5-l2-e8-l3-e7" > </button> <div id="l1-e5-l2-e8-l3-e7" class="accordion-collapse collapse c-sitenav__accordion" > <div class="accordion-body c-sitenav__body"> <ul id="menuMainl1-e5-l2-e8-l3-e7" class=" c-sitenav__menu-children" > <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/medical-natural-sciences/alumni-focus-groups/brain-temperature-control-of-metabolic-diseases/" target="_self" title="Brain-Temperature Control of Metabolic Diseases"> Brain-Temperature Control of Metabolic Diseases </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/medical-natural-sciences/alumni-focus-groups/clinical-cell-processing-and-purification/" target="_self" title="Clinical Cell Processing and Purification"> Clinical Cell Processing and Purification </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/medical-natural-sciences/alumni-focus-groups/early-biomarkers-of-prenatal-stress-felicity/" target="_self" title="Early Biomarkers of Prenatal Stress (FELICITy)"> Early Biomarkers of Prenatal Stress (FELICITy) </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/medical-natural-sciences/alumni-focus-groups/intra-operative-therapy/" target="_self" title="Intra-Operative Therapy"> Intra-Operative Therapy </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/medical-natural-sciences/alumni-focus-groups/micrornas-regulating-diabetes-and-obesity/" target="_self" title="MicroRNAs Regulating Diabetes and Obesity"> MicroRNAs Regulating Diabetes and Obesity </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/medical-natural-sciences/alumni-focus-groups/neuroscience/" target="_self" title="Neuroscience"> Neuroscience </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/medical-natural-sciences/alumni-focus-groups/proteases-in-the-brain/" target="_self" title="Proteases in the Brain"> Proteases in the Brain </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a 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href="/ias/research-areas/surface-interface-nano-and-quantum-science/quantum-technologies/" target="_self" title="Quantum Technologies"> Quantum Technologies </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/surface-interface-nano-and-quantum-science/seeing-batteries-from-a-new-perspective/" target="_self" title="Seeing batteries from a new perspective"> Seeing batteries from a new perspective </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/surface-interface-nano-and-quantum-science/sustainable-photocatalysis-using-plasmons-and-2d-materials-susphup2m/" target="_self" title="Sustainable photocatalysis using plasmons and 2D materials (SusPhuP2M)"> Sustainable photocatalysis using plasmons and 2D materials (SusPhuP2M) </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/surface-interface-nano-and-quantum-science/systematically-improvable-modeling-of-electrochemical-processes/" target="_self" title="Systematically Improvable Modeling of Electrochemical Processes"> Systematically Improvable Modeling of Electrochemical Processes </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/surface-interface-nano-and-quantum-science/unprecedented-visualization-of-interfacial-phenomena-and-carrier-dynamics-in-energy-materials/" target="_self" title="Unprecedented visualization of interfacial phenomena and carrier dynamics in energy materials"> Unprecedented visualization of interfacial phenomena and carrier dynamics in energy materials </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/surface-interface-nano-and-quantum-science/alumni-focus-groups/" target="_self" title="Alumni Focus Groups" class="accordion-header c-sitenav__header"> Alumni Focus Groups </a> <button class="accordion-button collapsed c-sitenav__button" type="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" data-bs-target="#l1-e5-l2-e12-l3-e15" aria-label="Öffne das Untermenü von Alumni Focus Groups" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="l1-e5-l2-e12-l3-e15" > </button> <div id="l1-e5-l2-e12-l3-e15" class="accordion-collapse collapse c-sitenav__accordion" > <div class="accordion-body c-sitenav__body"> <ul id="menuMainl1-e5-l2-e12-l3-e15" class=" c-sitenav__menu-children" > <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/surface-interface-nano-and-quantum-science/alumni-focus-groups/collective-quantum-dynamics/" target="_self" title="Collective Quantum Dynamics"> Collective Quantum Dynamics </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/surface-interface-nano-and-quantum-science/alumni-focus-groups/computer-simulation-of-charge-transport-in-organic-semiconductors/" target="_self" title="Computer Simulation of 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Materials </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/surface-interface-nano-and-quantum-science/alumni-focus-groups/nanoscience-for-renewable-energy-sources/" target="_self" title="Nanoscience for Renewable Energy Sources"> Nanoscience for Renewable Energy Sources </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/surface-interface-nano-and-quantum-science/alumni-focus-groups/nonequilibrium-statistical-mechanics-at-the-nanoscale/" target="_self" title="Nonequilibrium Statistical Mechanics at the Nanoscale"> Nonequilibrium Statistical Mechanics at the Nanoscale </a> </li> <li class="accordion-item c-sitenav__item-children"> <a href="/ias/research-areas/surface-interface-nano-and-quantum-science/alumni-focus-groups/quantum-electronics-and-computer-engineering/" target="_self" title="Quantum Electronics and Computer Engineering"> Quantum Electronics and Computer Engineering </a> </li> <li 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title="Maternal stress affects the child neurocognitive and epigenetic outcome" class="c-breadcrumb__link"> Maternal stress affects the child neurocognitive and epigenetic outcome </a> </li> </ol> </nav> <div id="content" class="c-main"> <div id="c13643" class="frame frame-type-textmedia frame-layout-0 frame-space-after-small"> <h1> Maternal stress affects the child neurocognitive and epigenetic outcome </h1> <p class="intro">Prenatal exposure to maternal psychosocial stress confers a lifelong risk for behavioral alterations that last beyond childhood. Our aim is to identify non-invasive biomarkers of the childdevelopmental outcome to offer a precise and truly personalized prediction and new possibilities for designing interventions to improve neurodevelopmental outcomes of pregnancy affected by prenatal stress.</p> </div> <div id="c13642" class="frame frame-type-textmedia frame-layout-0 frame-space-after-small"> <div class="ce-textpic ce-left ce-intext ce-nowrap" > <div class="ce-gallery " data-ce-columns="1" data-ce-images="1" > <figure class="image"> <picture><img class="image-embed-item" loading="lazy" src="/fileadmin/_processed_/8/7/csm_06_scientific_reports_antonelli%402x_9021d87fbf.webp" width="160" height="160" alt="" /></picture> <figcaption class="image-caption">Prof. Marta C. Antonelli </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="ce-bodytext"> <h3><a href="/ias/research-areas/medical-natural-sciences/alumni-focus-groups/early-biomarkers-of-prenatal-stress-felicity/" class="internal-link">Focus Group Early Biomarkers of Prenatal Stress</a></h3> <p><strong><a href="/ias/antonelli-marta-cristina/" class="internal-link">Prof. Marta C. Antonelli </a></strong>(University of Buenos Aires), Alumna Hans Fischer Senior Fellow | <strong>Ritika Sharma</strong> (TUM), Doctoral Candidate | <strong>María Sol Molinet</strong> (TUM), Dr. med. Candidate | <strong>Hosts:</strong> Prof. Marion Kiechle, PD Dr. Silvia M. Lobmaier (Women’s Clinic at TUM University Hospital rechts der Isar)</p> </div> </div> </div> <div id="c13641" class="frame frame-type-textmedia frame-layout-0 frame-space-after-small"> <p>Pregnancy is a significant time in women’s lives but it can also be very challenging. During the gestational period, women like any other subject, can be exposed to endogenous and exogenous challenges that may be perceived as unpleasant, aversive or threatening in such a way that the homeostasis, wellbeing and overall health is threatened. This means that maternal stress during pregnancy and during early parenting can program physiological responses and lifetime trajectories of the infant, which in interaction with genetic liabilities and early-life challenges, will determine ultimate health status. Our main objective is to test the feasibility of identifying early non-invasive pre- and postnatal biomarkers of brain programming due to intrauterine stress exposure. To this end, we performed a prospective matched control study in stressed mothers with controls matched for parity, maternal age, and gestational age at study entry. Subjects were recruited for 36 months from a cohort of pregnant women followed in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at “Klinikum rechts der Isar” of the Technical University of Munich (TUM). Maternal psychosocial stress was measured using the Cohen Perceived Stress Scale (PSS 10) to measure nonspecific perceived stress and was classified into stressed (SG) and control group (CG). Prenatal Distress Questionnaire (PDQ) was also administered to assess specific pregnancy worries. Two and a half weeks after screening, we performed a transabdominal ECG (taECG). Upon delivery, maternal hair strands were collected for cortisol measurements and newborns’ saliva and cord blood samples were collected. Two years after delivery, infants’ cognitive, language and motor development were assessed by Bayley Scale III of Infant Development (BSID) (Figure 1).</p> </div> <div id="c13637" class="frame frame-type-textmedia frame-layout-0"> <h3> Figure 1 </h3> <div class="ce-textpic ce-center ce-above" > <div class="ce-gallery js-colorbox ce-gallery-full" data-ce-columns="1" data-ce-images="1" > <div class="ce-outer"> <div class="ce-inner"> <figure class="image"> <a href="/fileadmin/w00bub/www/Annual_Reports/2022/06_scientific_reports/06_01_scientific_reports_figure1%402x.png" data-fancybox="gallery13637" data-media="(max-width: 520px);(max-width: 767px);(max-width: 1199px);(max-width: 1399px);(min-width: 1400px)" data-sources="/fileadmin/_processed_/8/8/csm_06_01_scientific_reports_figure1%402x_ff8a47c097.png; /fileadmin/_processed_/8/8/csm_06_01_scientific_reports_figure1%402x_2a4b3895fe.png; /fileadmin/_processed_/8/8/csm_06_01_scientific_reports_figure1%402x_85d504ef72.png; /fileadmin/w00bub/www/Annual_Reports/2022/06_scientific_reports/06_01_scientific_reports_figure1%402x.png; /fileadmin/w00bub/www/Annual_Reports/2022/06_scientific_reports/06_01_scientific_reports_figure1%402x.png " data-caption="Figure 1, All pregnant women visiting the outpatient ward of Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at “Klinikum rechts der Isar” of the TUM, in their third trimester were administered the Cohen Perceived Stress Scale questionnaire (PSS-10) attaching a short information brochure about the study. A score was obtained and a PSS-10 below 19 categorized them in the Control Group and a PSS-10 score equal or above 19 categorized them in the Stress group. 1) Two and a half weeks after screening, obstetricians perform a transabdominal ECG (taECG) recording the data of which will be used for PRSA analysis. 2) On the day of parturition, 3 cm of hair strands were collected from the posterior vertex region on the head. Based on an approximate hair growth rate of 1 cm per month, the proximal 3 cm long hair segment is assumed to reflect the integrated cortisol secretion over the three-month-period prior to sampling. Upon delivery a placenta sample was obtained as well as cord blood and a saliva sample of the newborn for the genetic studies. 3) Two years later the mother is invited to come back to the clinic with her son / daughter to take a neurocognitive test called Bayley´s Test (BSID: Bayley Scale of Infant Development) that evaluates the cognitive, motor and language skills of the infant. In the same visit a new saliva sample is taken for the epigenetic analysis. " aria-label="Figure 1 Gallerie öffnen" class="ti ti-link-zoom"> <picture><source media="(min-width: 1400px)" srcset="/fileadmin/_processed_/8/8/csm_06_01_scientific_reports_figure1%402x_5c18554671.webp" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/fileadmin/_processed_/8/8/csm_06_01_scientific_reports_figure1%402x_8f9b35ec33.webp 869w, /fileadmin/_processed_/8/8/csm_06_01_scientific_reports_figure1%402x_ee19fe7574.webp 575w, /fileadmin/_processed_/8/8/csm_06_01_scientific_reports_figure1%402x_d799f44da6.webp 656w, /fileadmin/_processed_/8/8/csm_06_01_scientific_reports_figure1%402x_14c8b30df4.webp 481w " sizes=" (min-width: 1200px) 869px, (min-width: 768px) 575px, calc(100vw - 24px)" type="image/webp"><img class="image-embed-item" loading="lazy" src="/fileadmin/_processed_/8/8/csm_06_01_scientific_reports_figure1%402x_fa59e088ae.webp" width="912" height="560" alt="" /></picture> </a> <figcaption class="image-caption">Figure 1, All pregnant women visiting the outpatient ward of Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at “Klinikum rechts der Isar” of the TUM, in their third trimester were administered the Cohen Perceived Stress Scale questionnaire (PSS-10) attaching a short information brochure about the study. A score was obtained and a PSS-10 below 19 categorized them in the Control Group and a PSS-10 score equal or above 19 categorized them in the Stress group. 1) Two and a half weeks after screening, obstetricians perform a transabdominal ECG (taECG) recording the data of which will be used for PRSA analysis. 2) On the day of parturition, 3 cm of hair strands were collected from the posterior vertex region on the head. Based on an approximate hair growth rate of 1 cm per month, the proximal 3 cm long hair segment is assumed to reflect the integrated cortisol secretion over the three-month-period prior to sampling. Upon delivery a placenta sample was obtained as well as cord blood and a saliva sample of the newborn for the genetic studies. 3) Two years later the mother is invited to come back to the clinic with her son / daughter to take a neurocognitive test called Bayley´s Test (BSID: Bayley Scale of Infant Development) that evaluates the cognitive, motor and language skills of the infant. In the same visit a new saliva sample is taken for the epigenetic analysis. </figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="c13636" class="frame frame-type-div frame-layout-0 frame-space-after-small"> <hr class="ce-div" /> </div> <div id="c13635" class="frame frame-type-textmedia frame-layout-0 frame-space-after-small"> <h2> Main achievements </h2> <p>In our quest for finding a prenatal measure that might have a preventive clinical significance we hypothesize that the coordinated roles of the ANS (Autonomic Nervous System) and the HPA (Hypothalamic Piuitary Axis) in the integrated stress response can be monitored non-invasively using electrocardiogram (ECG) and ECG-derived maternal and fetal heart rate (mHR, fHR). We propose a novel analysis method of coupling between mHR and fHR based on a signal-processing algorithm, first applied in adult cardiology, termed bivariate phase-rectified signal averaging (BPRSA) and applied to trans-abdominally acquired fetal ECG (fECG). Our first results show that PSS-10 shows a correlation with the coordination of fetal and maternal heart rate and fetal oxygenation at birth. The proposed BPRSA index (FSI) provides unique insights into the relationship between two biological systems: mother and fetus. Interestingly, CG fetuses remained “stable” during these periods whereas fetuses of stressed mothers showed significant decreases of fHR. [1]</p> <p>Our next goal was to quantify the levels of methylation across this entire genome in the newborn saliva employing EWAS (Epigenome-Wide Association Study) as a biomarker detector of epigenetic reprogramming in young infants. DNA was extracted from saliva samples and DNA methylation was measured using EPIC Bead-Chip array (850k CpG sites). To identify associations between PSS PDQ / FSI / Cortisol and methylation, linear regression models adjusting for confounders were run. We found epigenome-wide significant associations for 6 CpG sites in association with stress phenotypes (PDQ and cortisol). Annotated genes to the CpGs were found to be enriched for development and growth in the hippo signaling pathway, organelle biosynthesis, and metabolism of proteins, cell proliferation and bone development. We report novel associations between DNA methylation and maternal stress phenotypes. We observe that the several associations are related to neurobiological disorders such as autism, schizophrenia, neural tube defects and atrophy [2]. Since this is a longitudinal study, we are assessing the neurodevelopmental outcome of the two years old infants and we will assess the differential methylation in saliva samples at that age. Detecting differences in methylation between the two ages will give a window of opportunity for early interventions.</p> </div> <div id="c13631" class="frame frame-type-textmedia frame-layout-0 frame-space-after-extra-small"> <h3> Figure 2 </h3> <div class="ce-textpic ce-center ce-above" > <div class="ce-gallery js-colorbox ce-gallery-full" data-ce-columns="1" data-ce-images="1" > <div class="ce-outer"> <div class="ce-inner"> <figure class="image"> <a href="/fileadmin/w00bub/www/Annual_Reports/2022/06_scientific_reports/06_01_scientific_reports_figure2%402x.png" data-fancybox="gallery13631" data-media="(max-width: 520px);(max-width: 767px);(max-width: 1199px);(max-width: 1399px);(min-width: 1400px)" data-sources="/fileadmin/_processed_/f/6/csm_06_01_scientific_reports_figure2%402x_c3191f966a.png; /fileadmin/_processed_/f/6/csm_06_01_scientific_reports_figure2%402x_df6f5bd929.png; /fileadmin/_processed_/f/6/csm_06_01_scientific_reports_figure2%402x_df33bab75f.png; /fileadmin/w00bub/www/Annual_Reports/2022/06_scientific_reports/06_01_scientific_reports_figure2%402x.png; /fileadmin/w00bub/www/Annual_Reports/2022/06_scientific_reports/06_01_scientific_reports_figure2%402x.png " data-caption="Figure 2, Real-world application of our AI model to reduce stress during pregnancy and prevent its long-term sequelae. Image: published in Sci Rep/Springer Nature " aria-label="Figure 2 Gallerie öffnen" class="ti ti-link-zoom"> <picture><source media="(min-width: 1400px)" srcset="/fileadmin/_processed_/f/6/csm_06_01_scientific_reports_figure2%402x_196c2789be.webp" type="image/webp"><source srcset="/fileadmin/_processed_/f/6/csm_06_01_scientific_reports_figure2%402x_578184b88d.webp 869w, /fileadmin/_processed_/f/6/csm_06_01_scientific_reports_figure2%402x_c188b2751a.webp 575w, /fileadmin/_processed_/f/6/csm_06_01_scientific_reports_figure2%402x_792af72c58.webp 656w, /fileadmin/_processed_/f/6/csm_06_01_scientific_reports_figure2%402x_e23d10474f.webp 481w " sizes=" (min-width: 1200px) 869px, (min-width: 768px) 575px, calc(100vw - 24px)" type="image/webp"><img class="image-embed-item" loading="lazy" src="/fileadmin/_processed_/f/6/csm_06_01_scientific_reports_figure2%402x_fc76d7c5d0.webp" width="912" height="560" alt="" /></picture> </a> <figcaption class="image-caption">Figure 2, Real-world application of our AI model to reduce stress during pregnancy and prevent its long-term sequelae. Image: published in Sci Rep/Springer Nature </figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="c13630" class="frame frame-type-div frame-layout-0 frame-space-after-small"> <hr class="ce-div" /> </div> <div id="c15151" class="frame frame-type-textmedia frame-layout-0 frame-space-after-small"> <p>Matching the rising need for iron during pregnancy is important to prevent an impairment of the growing child’s neurodevelopment due to iron deficiency. Our next objective was to assess the influence of prenatal maternal stress (PS) on the neonatal iron homeostasis. Neonatal cord blood serum hepcidin, transferrin, and iron were determined. Transferrin saturation and iron were lower in male stressed neonates. SG reduces neonatal ferritin by 15.4 % compared to controls. PS during the third trimester perturbs neonatal iron markers in a sex-dependent manner [3]. Early detection of PS can support early individualized pre- and postnatal iron supplementation and neurodevelopmental follow-up to prevent long-term sequelae.</p> <p>As mentioned before, chronic prenatal stress results in entrainment of the fetal heartbeat by the maternal heartbeat, quantified by the fetal stress index (FSI). Deep learning (DL) is capable of pattern detection in complex medical data with high accuracy in noisy real-life environments, but little is known about DL’s utility in non-invasive biometric monitoring during pregnancy. A recently established self-supervised learning (SSL) approach to DL provides emotional recognition from electrocardiogram (ECG).</p> <p>In collaboration with Dr. Martin Frasch (University of Washington, Seattle, USA) we hypothesized that SSL will identify chronically stressed mother-fetus dyads from the raw maternal abdominal electrocardiograms (aECG), containing fetal and maternal ECG. Our DL models accurately detect the chronic stress exposure group, the individual psychological stress score and FSI at 34 weeks of gestation, as well as the maternal hair cortisol at birth reflecting chronic stress exposure [4]. The final DL model can be deployed in low-cost regular ECG biosensors as a simple, ubiquitous early stress detection and monitoring tool during pregnancy. This discovery should enable early behavioral interventions.</p> <p>Two years after delivery, infants’ cognitive, language and motor development were assessed by Bayley Scale III of Infant Development (BSID). Cognitive and motor areas showed no significant variation between SG and CG toddlers even when accounting for sex. However, language composite scores showed a significant decrease in SG toddlers irrespective of sex and language spoken at home. When day care center attendance (DCA) was accounted for, this effect disappeared. PS affects the toddlers’ language development in both sexes, regardless the language spoken at home. DCA seems to protect for this neurodevelopmental delay. These results confirm the importance of early stimulation through social interaction for reversion of language delays in toddlers exposed to PS.</p> <p>In summary, we discovered how to detect the impact of chronic stress on mother and child during pregnancy non-invasively using several biomarkers combined with artificial intelligence techniques that could be employed as predictive biomarkers of the child neurodevelopmental outcome [5]. However, we believe that the best strategy lies in the preventive nature of the interventions that reduce stress during pregnancy and potentially avoid negative child outcomes. Based on our previous findings, we are now developing a project that brings together early detection and intervention yoga / mindfulness programs in a digital biofeedback paradigm compatible with today’s challenges of pandemic and telemedicine (Figure 2). Our approach might lead to at-scale adoption of prevention of the detrimental effects of chronic stress on the child’s potential.</p> <p>In close collaboration with Dr. med. Camilla Zelgert, Dr. med. Peter Zimmermann (TUM).</p> </div> <div id="c15152" class="frame frame-type-textmedia frame-layout-0"> <p class="small"><strong>[1]</strong><br> Lobmaier, S. M. et al. (2020). </p> <p class="small"><strong>[2]</strong><br> Sharma, R. et al. (2022).</p> <p class="small"><strong>[3]</strong><br> Zimmermann, P. et al. (2022).</p> <p class="small"><strong>[4]</strong><br> Sarkar, P. et al. (2022).</p> <p class="small"><strong>[5]</strong><br> Antonelli, M.C. et al. (2022).</p> </div> <div id="c15153" class="frame frame-type-div frame-layout-0 frame-space-before-small frame-space-after-small"> <hr class="ce-div" /> </div> <div id="c13627" class="frame frame-type-textmedia frame-layout-0"> <h2> Selected publications </h2> <ul> <li> <p>Lobmaier, S. M. et al. Fetal heart rate variability responsiveness to maternal stress, non-invasively detected from maternal transabdominal ECG. Archives of Gynecology & Obstetrics 301(2), 405–414 (2020), <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-019-05390-8" target="_top">doi.org/10.1007/s00404-019-05390-8</a>.</p> </li> <li> <p>Sharma, R. et al. Maternal-Fetal stress and DNA methylation signatures in neonatal saliva: An Epigenome-Wide Association Study. Clinical Epigenetics 14, 87 (2022), <a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s13148-022-01310-x" target="_top">doi.org/10.1186/s13148-022-01310-x</a>.</p> </li> <li> <p>Zimmermann, P. et al. Prenatal stress perturbs neonatal iron homeostasis in a sex specific manner. Scientific Reports 12, 9341 (2022), <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-13633-z" target="_top">doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-13633-z</a>.</p> </li> <li> <p>Sarkar, P. et al. Detection of Maternal and Fetal Stress from ECG with Self-supervised Representation Learning. Scientific Reports 11, 24146 (2021), <a href="https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2011.02000" target="_top">doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2011.02000</a>.</p> </li> <li> <p>Antonelli, M.C. et al. Early Biomarkers and Intervention Programs for the Infant Exposed to Prenatal Stress. Current Neuropharmacology 20(1), 94–106 (2022), <a href="https://doi.org/10.2174%2F1570159X19666210125150955" target="_top">https://doi.org/10.2174%2F1570159X19666210125150955</a>.<br>  </p> </li> </ul><p><strong><a href="https://www.ias.tum.de/ias/antonelli-marta-cristina/" target="_top" class="external-link">Full list of publications</a></strong></p> </div> </div> <div class="c-link-to-top js-link-to-top"> <a href="#topbar" title="nach oben springen"> To top </a> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-3 col-xl-2 c-content-area__aside js-link-checker"> <div id="sidebar" class="sidebar"> <aside class="c-aside"> <div id="c1" class="frame frame-type-textmedia frame-layout-0"> <h4><strong>Institute for </strong><br><strong>Advanced Study</strong><br> </h4> <p>Lichtenbergstraße 2 a<br>85748 Garching</p> <p>Tel +49.89.289.10550</p> <p><a href="/ias/contact-directions/" class="internal-link">Contact & Directions</a></p> <p><strong>Follow us on X / Twitter:</strong> <a 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Maternal stress affects the child neurocognitive and epigenetic outcome - Institute for Advanced Study (IAS)