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id="toc-Early_development_and_Soviet_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_development_and_Soviet_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Early development and Soviet era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_development_and_Soviet_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1991–2000" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1991–2000"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>1991–2000</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1991–2000-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2001–2010" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2001–2010"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>2001–2010</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2001–2010-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2011–2020" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2011–2020"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>2011–2020</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2011–2020-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2021–present" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2021–present"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>2021–present</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2021–present-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-VVS_role_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#VVS_role_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5.1</span> <span>VVS role in the Russian invasion of Ukraine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-VVS_role_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Wagner_Group_rebellion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wagner_Group_rebellion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5.1.1</span> <span>Wagner Group rebellion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wagner_Group_rebellion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leadership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leadership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Leadership</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leadership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Structure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Structure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Structure</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Structure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Structure subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Regional_air_armies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Regional_air_armies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Regional air armies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Regional_air_armies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military_Transport_Aviation_Command" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military_Transport_Aviation_Command"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Military Transport Aviation Command</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military_Transport_Aviation_Command-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Long-Range_Aviation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Long-Range_Aviation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Long-Range Aviation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Long-Range_Aviation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Forces_of_Central_Subordination" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Forces_of_Central_Subordination"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Forces of Central Subordination</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Forces_of_Central_Subordination-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Warehouses,_Storage_and_Maintenance_Depots,_Aircraft_Repair_Plants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Warehouses,_Storage_and_Maintenance_Depots,_Aircraft_Repair_Plants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Warehouses, Storage and Maintenance Depots, Aircraft Repair Plants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Warehouses,_Storage_and_Maintenance_Depots,_Aircraft_Repair_Plants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Training_and_Research_Organisations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Training_and_Research_Organisations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Training and Research Organisations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Training_and_Research_Organisations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Medical_and_athletic_facilities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medical_and_athletic_facilities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>Medical and athletic facilities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medical_and_athletic_facilities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Squadrons" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Squadrons"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.8</span> <span>Squadrons</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Squadrons-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Equipment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Equipment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Equipment</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Equipment-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Equipment subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Equipment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Radars" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radars"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Radars</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radars-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ranks_and_insignia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ranks_and_insignia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Ranks and insignia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ranks_and_insignia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aircraft_procurement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aircraft_procurement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Aircraft procurement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aircraft_procurement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Future_of_the_Russian_Air_Force" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Future_of_the_Russian_Air_Force"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Future of the Russian Air Force</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Future_of_the_Russian_Air_Force-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Russian Air Force</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 54 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-54" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">54 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russiese_Lugmag" title="Russiese Lugmag – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Russiese Lugmag" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="القوات الجوية الروسية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="القوات الجوية الروسية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusiya_H%C9%99rbi_Hava_Q%C3%BCvv%C9%99l%C9%99ri" title="Rusiya Hərbi Hava Qüvvələri – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Rusiya Hərbi Hava Qüvvələri" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B6_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80" title="রুশ বিমানবাহিনী – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রুশ বিমানবাহিনী" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Ваенна-паветраныя сілы Расійскай Федэрацыі – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ваенна-паветраныя сілы Расійскай Федэрацыі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Военновъздушни сили на Русия – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Военновъздушни сили на Русия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/For%C3%A7a_A%C3%A8ria_russa" title="Força Aèria russa – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Força Aèria russa" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%C3%A7%C3%A7%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9%C4%95%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%BB%C4%83%D1%88_%C3%87%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%92%C4%83%D0%B9%C4%95%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Раççей Федерацийĕн Сывлăш Çар Вăйĕсем – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Раççей Федерацийĕн Сывлăш Çар Вăйĕсем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vojensk%C3%A9_vzdu%C5%A1n%C3%A9_s%C3%ADly_Rusk%C3%A9_federace" title="Vojenské vzdušné síly Ruské federace – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vojenské vzdušné síly Ruské federace" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_Russiske_F%C3%B8derations_Luftv%C3%A5ben" title="Den Russiske Føderations Luftvåben – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Den Russiske Føderations Luftvåben" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russische_Luftstreitkr%C3%A4fte" title="Russische Luftstreitkräfte – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Russische Luftstreitkräfte" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venemaa_%C3%B5huv%C3%A4gi" title="Venemaa õhuvägi – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Venemaa õhuvägi" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%91%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Ρωσική Πολεμική Αεροπορία – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ρωσική Πολεμική Αεροπορία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuerza_A%C3%A9rea_de_Rusia" title="Fuerza Aérea de Rusia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Fuerza Aérea de Rusia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusa_Aerarmeo" title="Rusa Aerarmeo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Rusa Aerarmeo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C_%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%87" title="نیروی هوایی روسیه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نیروی هوایی روسیه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arm%C3%A9e_de_l%27air_russe" title="Armée de l'air russe – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Armée de l'air russe" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forza_A%C3%A9rea_de_Rusia" title="Forza Aérea de Rusia – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Forza Aérea de Rusia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%9F%AC%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84_%EA%B3%B5%EA%B5%B0" title="러시아 공군 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="러시아 공군" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE" title="रूसी वायु सेना – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रूसी वायु सेना" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusko_ratno_zrakoplovstvo" title="Rusko ratno zrakoplovstvo – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Rusko ratno zrakoplovstvo" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angkatan_Udara_Rusia" title="Angkatan Udara Rusia – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Angkatan Udara Rusia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voenno-vozdu%C5%A1nye_sily_Rossijskoj_Federacii" title="Voenno-vozdušnye sily Rossijskoj Federacii – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Voenno-vozdušnye sily Rossijskoj Federacii" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%99%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%99" title="חיל האוויר הרוסי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חיל האוויר הרוסי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A6_%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%86" title="ರಷ್ಯಾದ ವಾಯುಪಡೆ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ರಷ್ಯಾದ ವಾಯುಪಡೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D-%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%B0%E1%83%90%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%AB%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="რუსეთის სამხედრო-საჰაერო ძალები – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="რუსეთის სამხედრო-საჰაერო ძალები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusijos_oro_paj%C4%97gos" title="Rusijos oro pajėgos – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Rusijos oro pajėgos" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orosz_L%C3%A9gier%C5%91" title="Orosz Légierő – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Orosz Légierő" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tentera_Udara_Rusia" title="Tentera Udara Rusia – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Tentera Udara Rusia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8D%D1%85_%D0%A5%D2%AF%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Оросын Нисэх Хүчин – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Оросын Нисэх Хүчин" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russische_luchtmacht" title="Russische luchtmacht – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Russische luchtmacht" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A2%E7%A9%BA%E8%BB%8D" title="ロシア空軍 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ロシア空軍" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russlands_flyv%C3%A5pen" title="Russlands flyvåpen – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Russlands flyvåpen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%8B%E0%AC%B7_%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BE%E0%AD%9F%E0%AD%81_%E0%AC%B8%E0%AD%87%E0%AC%A8%E0%AC%BE" title="ଋଷ ବାୟୁ ସେନା – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଋଷ ବାୟୁ ସେନା" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%DB%81" title="روسی فضائيہ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="روسی فضائيہ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si%C5%82y_Powietrzne_Federacji_Rosyjskiej" title="Siły Powietrzne Federacji Rosyjskiej – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Siły Powietrzne Federacji Rosyjskiej" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/For%C3%A7a_A%C3%A9rea_Russa" title="Força Aérea Russa – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Força Aérea Russa" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/For%C8%9Bele_Aeriene_Ruse" title="Forțele Aeriene Ruse – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Forțele Aeriene Ruse" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Военно-воздушные силы Российской Федерации – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Военно-воздушные силы Российской Федерации" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roushie_Air_Force" title="Roushie Air Force – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Roushie Air Force" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Air_Force" title="Russian Air Force – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Russian Air Force" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vzdu%C5%A1n%C3%A9_sily_Ruskej_feder%C3%A1cie" title="Vzdušné sily Ruskej federácie – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Vzdušné sily Ruskej federácie" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vojno_letalstvo_Rusije" title="Vojno letalstvo Rusije – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Vojno letalstvo Rusije" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%DB%8E%D8%B2%DB%8C_%D8%A6%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%DB%8C_%DA%95%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="هێزی ئاسمانیی ڕووسیا – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="هێزی ئاسمانیی ڕووسیا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Руско ратно ваздухопловство – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Руско ратно ваздухопловство" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruska_ratna_avijacija" title="Ruska ratna avijacija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ruska ratna avijacija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ven%C3%A4j%C3%A4n_ilmavoimat" title="Venäjän ilmavoimat – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Venäjän ilmavoimat" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rysslands_flygvapen" title="Rysslands flygvapen – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Rysslands flygvapen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="กองทัพอากาศรัสเซีย – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กองทัพอากาศรัสเซีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusya_Hava_Kuvvetleri" title="Rusya Hava Kuvvetleri – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Rusya Hava Kuvvetleri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%96_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%97_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%97" title="Повітряні сили Російської Федерації – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Повітряні сили Російської Федерації" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%DB%81" title="روسی فضائيہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="روسی فضائيہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh%C3%B4ng_qu%C3%A2n_Nga" title="Không quân Nga – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Không quân Nga" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E7%A9%BA%E5%86%9B" title="俄罗斯空军 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="俄罗斯空军" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q209833#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Russian_Air_Force" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Russian_Air_Force" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Branch of the Russian Aerospace Forces</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Russian Air Force</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Военно-воздушные силы России</span></span><br /><span title="Russian-language romanization"><i lang="ru-Latn">Voenno-vozdushnye sily Rossii</i></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Air_Force.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Air_Force.svg/200px-Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Air_Force.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="230" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Air_Force.svg/300px-Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Air_Force.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Air_Force.svg/400px-Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Air_Force.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3497" data-file-height="4018" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Emblem of the VVS</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1912<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />1992 (current form)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Air_force" title="Air force">Air force</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Role</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Aerial_warfare" title="Aerial warfare">Aerial warfare</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russian_Aerospace_Forces" title="Russian Aerospace Forces">Russian Aerospace Forces</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Arbat_District" title="Arbat District">Arbat District</a>, Moscow</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">March</th><td class="infobox-data">"<a href="/wiki/Air_March" title="Air March">Air March</a>"</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Anniversaries</th><td class="infobox-data">12 August</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Engagements</th><td class="infobox-data"><div><ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Ossetia_war_(1991%E2%80%931992)" title="South Ossetia war (1991–1992)">South Ossetia war (1991–1992)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Abkhazia_(1992%E2%80%931993)" title="War in Abkhazia (1992–1993)">War in Abkhazia (1992–1993)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/First_Chechen_War" title="First Chechen War">First Chechen War</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/War_of_Dagestan" class="mw-redirect" title="War of Dagestan">War of Dagestan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1999_East_Timorese_crisis" title="1999 East Timorese crisis">1999 East Timorese crisis</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Second_Chechen_War" title="Second Chechen War">Second Chechen War</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Georgian_War" title="Russo-Georgian War">Russo-Georgian War</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">Annexation of Crimea</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_military_intervention_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian military intervention in the Syrian Civil War">Syrian Civil War</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://structure.mil.ru/structure/forces/air.htm">structure<wbr />.mil<wbr />.ru<wbr />/structure<wbr />/forces<wbr />/air<wbr />.htm</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209833#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Armed Forces</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_the_President_of_Russia.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_the_President_of_Russia.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_the_President_of_Russia.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1200" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/President_of_Russia" title="President of Russia">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Commander-in-Chief_of_the_Aerospace_Forces" title="Commander-in-Chief of the Aerospace Forces">Commander-in-Chief of the Aerospace Forces</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Flag_of_Russia%27s_Commander_of_the_Aerospace_Forces.svg/20px-Flag_of_Russia%27s_Commander_of_the_Aerospace_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Flag_of_Russia%27s_Commander_of_the_Aerospace_Forces.svg/30px-Flag_of_Russia%27s_Commander_of_the_Aerospace_Forces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Flag_of_Russia%27s_Commander_of_the_Aerospace_Forces.svg/40px-Flag_of_Russia%27s_Commander_of_the_Aerospace_Forces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1566" data-file-height="1676" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Colonel_general" title="Colonel general">Colonel general</a> <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Afzalov" title="Viktor Afzalov">Viktor Afzalov</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Commander-in-Chief_of_the_Russian_Air_Force" title="Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Air Force">Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Air Force</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Flag_of_Russia%27s_Commander_of_the_Aerospace_Forces.svg/20px-Flag_of_Russia%27s_Commander_of_the_Aerospace_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Flag_of_Russia%27s_Commander_of_the_Aerospace_Forces.svg/30px-Flag_of_Russia%27s_Commander_of_the_Aerospace_Forces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Flag_of_Russia%27s_Commander_of_the_Aerospace_Forces.svg/40px-Flag_of_Russia%27s_Commander_of_the_Aerospace_Forces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1566" data-file-height="1676" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Colonel_General" class="mw-redirect" title="Colonel General">Colonel General</a> <a href="/wiki/Sergey_Dronov" title="Sergey Dronov">Sergey Dronov</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Insignia</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Flag</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Russian_Air_Force.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Russian_Air_Force.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Air_Force.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Russian_Air_Force.svg/225px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Air_Force.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Russian_Air_Force.svg/300px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Air_Force.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Military_aircraft_insignia" title="Military aircraft insignia">Roundel</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roundel_of_Russia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Roundel_of_Russia.svg/70px-Roundel_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Roundel_of_Russia.svg/105px-Roundel_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Roundel_of_Russia.svg/140px-Roundel_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="629" data-file-height="598" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Roundel (1992–2010)</th><td class="infobox-data"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roundel_of_Russia_(1991%E2%80%932010).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Roundel_of_Russia_%281991%E2%80%932010%29.svg/70px-Roundel_of_Russia_%281991%E2%80%932010%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Roundel_of_Russia_%281991%E2%80%932010%29.svg/105px-Roundel_of_Russia_%281991%E2%80%932010%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Roundel_of_Russia_%281991%E2%80%932010%29.svg/140px-Roundel_of_Russia_%281991%E2%80%932010%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1236" data-file-height="1175" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Patch</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Patch_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Patch_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg/150px-Patch_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Patch_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg/225px-Patch_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg.png 1.5x, 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data-file-width="620" data-file-height="420" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Insignia</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8.png/150px-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8.png/225px-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8.png 1.5x, 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href="/wiki/Su-25#Su-25SM" class="mw-redirect" title="Su-25">Su-25SM</a>, <a href="/wiki/Su-34" class="mw-redirect" title="Su-34">Su-34</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Bomber" title="Bomber">Bomber</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/MiG-31#Variants" class="mw-redirect" title="MiG-31">MiG-31K</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tu-22M3" class="mw-redirect" title="Tu-22M3">Tu-22M3</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tu-95" class="mw-redirect" title="Tu-95">Tu-95</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tu-160" class="mw-redirect" title="Tu-160">Tu-160</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Electronic_warfare" title="Electronic warfare">Electronic<br />warfare</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Beriev_A-50" title="Beriev A-50">A-50/A-50U</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ilyushin_Il-18V" class="mw-redirect" title="Ilyushin Il-18V">Il-22PP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Il-80" class="mw-redirect" title="Il-80">Il-80</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Fighter_aircraft" title="Fighter aircraft">Fighter</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/MiG-29" class="mw-redirect" title="MiG-29">MiG-29</a>, <a href="/wiki/MiG-35" class="mw-redirect" title="MiG-35">MiG-35</a>, <a href="/wiki/Su-27" class="mw-redirect" title="Su-27">Su-27</a>, <a href="/wiki/Su-30" class="mw-redirect" title="Su-30">Su-30</a>, <a href="/wiki/Su-35" class="mw-redirect" title="Su-35">Su-35</a>, <a href="/wiki/Su-57" class="mw-redirect" title="Su-57">Su-57</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Helicopter" title="Helicopter">Helicopter</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ka-60" class="mw-redirect" title="Ka-60">Ka-60</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mi-8" class="mw-redirect" title="Mi-8">Mi-8</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mi-17" class="mw-redirect" title="Mi-17">Mi-17</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mi-26" class="mw-redirect" title="Mi-26">Mi-26</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Attack_helicopter" title="Attack helicopter">Attack helicopter</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mi-24" class="mw-redirect" title="Mi-24">Mi-24/Mi-35M</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-28#Variants" title="Mil Mi-28">Mi-28N</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ka-50" class="mw-redirect" title="Ka-50">Ka-50</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kamov_Ka-50#Ka-52_"Alligator"" title="Kamov Ka-50">Ka-52</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Interceptor_aircraft" title="Interceptor aircraft">Interceptor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/MiG-31" class="mw-redirect" title="MiG-31">MiG-31</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Trainer_(aircraft)" class="mw-redirect" title="Trainer (aircraft)">Trainer</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Aero_L-39_Albatros" title="Aero L-39 Albatros">Aero L-39 Albatros</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yak-130" class="mw-redirect" title="Yak-130">Yak-130</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Cargo_aircraft" title="Cargo aircraft">Transport</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Il-76" class="mw-redirect" title="Il-76">Il-76</a>, <a href="/wiki/Il-86" class="mw-redirect" title="Il-86">Il-86</a>, <a href="/wiki/Il-112" class="mw-redirect" title="Il-112">Il-112</a>, <a href="/wiki/An-22" class="mw-redirect" title="An-22">An-22</a>, <a href="/wiki/An-26" class="mw-redirect" title="An-26">An-26</a>, <a href="/wiki/An-124" class="mw-redirect" title="An-124">An-124</a>, <a href="/wiki/An-140" class="mw-redirect" title="An-140">An-140</a>, <a href="/wiki/An-148" class="mw-redirect" title="An-148">An-148</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Aerial_refueling" title="Aerial refueling">Tanker</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Il-78" class="mw-redirect" title="Il-78">Il-78</a></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Military unit</div> <p>The <b>Russian Air Force</b> (Russian: <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Военно-воздушные силы России</span></span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Russian" title="Romanization of Russian">romanized</a>:</small> <span title="Russian-language romanization"><i lang="ru-Latn">Voenno-vozdushnye sily Rossii</i></span>, <b>VVS</b>) is a branch of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Aerospace_Forces" title="Russian Aerospace Forces">Russian Aerospace Forces</a>, the latter being formed on 1 August 2015 with the merging of the Russian Air Force and the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Aerospace_Defence_Forces" title="Russian Aerospace Defence Forces">Russian Aerospace Defence Forces</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Janes2015_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Janes2015-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the <a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union">dissolution of the Soviet Union</a>, the reborn Russian armed forces began to be created on 7 May 1992 following <a href="/wiki/Boris_Yeltsin" title="Boris Yeltsin">Boris Yeltsin</a>'s creation of the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(Russia)" title="Ministry of Defence (Russia)">Ministry of Defence</a>. However, the Russian Federation's air force can trace its lineage and traditions back to the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Russian_Air_Service" title="Imperial Russian Air Service">Imperial Russian Air Service</a> (1912–1917) and the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Air_Forces" title="Soviet Air Forces">Soviet Air Forces</a> (1918–1991). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Air_Force&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Russian Air Force, officially established on August 12, 1912, as part of the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Russian_Air_Service" title="Imperial Russian Air Service">Imperial Russian Air Service</a>, has a long and complex history. It began as one of the earliest military aviation units globally, although its early years saw slow development due to the constraints of <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>. After the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Revolution" title="Russian Revolution">Russian Revolution of 1917</a>, the air service was reorganised under the Soviet regime, evolving into the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Red_Air_Fleet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Red Air Fleet (page does not exist)">Red Air Fleet</a> in 1918, which later became part of the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Air_Forces" title="Soviet Air Forces">Soviet Air Forces</a> (VVS). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_development_and_Soviet_era">Early development and Soviet era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Air_Force&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early development and Soviet era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the interwar period, the Soviet Union made significant advancements in aviation technology and pilot training. By <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, the Soviet Air Forces had grown substantially and played a crucial role in key battles, such as the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Stalingrad" title="Battle of Stalingrad">Battle of Stalingrad</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Moscow" title="Battle of Moscow">Defence of Moscow</a>, helping to turn the tide against <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Front_(World_War_II)" title="Eastern Front (World War II)">Eastern Front</a>. Soviet pilots flew legendary aircraft like the <a href="/wiki/Yakovlev_Yak-3" title="Yakovlev Yak-3">Yakovlev Yak-3</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ilyushin_Il-2" title="Ilyushin Il-2">Ilyushin Il-2 Sturmovik</a>, which were crucial in gaining air superiority. </p><p> After the war, the Soviet Air Force focused on modernising its fleet, developing jet fighters like the <a href="/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-15" title="Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15">Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15</a>, which became famous during the <a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a>. Throughout the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a>, the Soviet Air Force was a pivotal part of the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">USSR</a>’s military strategy, with long-range bombers like the <a href="/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-95" title="Tupolev Tu-95">Tu-95</a> and advanced fighters such as the <a href="/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-21" title="Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21">MiG-21</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-27" title="Sukhoi Su-27">Su-27</a> becoming iconic symbols of Soviet air power.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style></p><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Russian_Air_Service" title="Imperial Russian Air Service">Imperial Russian Air Service</a> and <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Air_Forces" title="Soviet Air Forces">Soviet Air Forces</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks plainlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title">Historical Air Forces of Russia</th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Russian Empire</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Russian_Air_Service" title="Imperial Russian Air Service">Emperor's Military Air Fleet</a> (1909–1917)</td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Air_Forces" title="Soviet Air Forces">Workers and Peasants Red Air Fleet</a> (1918–1991)</td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> USSR, Commonwealth of Independent States</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Air_Forces" title="Soviet Air Forces">Military Air Forces of the USSR</a> (1918–1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Naval_Aviation" title="Soviet Naval Aviation">Aviation of the Military Maritime Fleet</a> (1918–1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Air_Defence_Forces" title="Soviet Air Defence Forces">Anti-Air Defence Troops</a> (1948–1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_Missile_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Strategic Missile Forces">Strategic Rocket Forces</a> (1959–1992)</li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Russian Federation</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Military Air Forces of the Russian Federation</a> (1991–present<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Russian_Air_Force&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Naval_Aviation" title="Russian Naval Aviation">Aviation of the Military Maritime Fleet</a> (1991–present<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Russian_Air_Force&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_Missile_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Strategic Missile Forces">Strategic Rocket Forces</a> (1991–present<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Russian_Air_Force&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>)</li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Russian Armed Forces">Russian Armed Forces</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Middle_emblem_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_the_Russian_Federation_(27.01.1997-present).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Middle_emblem_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_the_Russian_Federation_%2827.01.1997-present%29.svg/200px-Middle_emblem_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_the_Russian_Federation_%2827.01.1997-present%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Middle_emblem_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_the_Russian_Federation_%2827.01.1997-present%29.svg/300px-Middle_emblem_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_the_Russian_Federation_%2827.01.1997-present%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Middle_emblem_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_the_Russian_Federation_%2827.01.1997-present%29.svg/400px-Middle_emblem_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_the_Russian_Federation_%2827.01.1997-present%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="661" data-file-height="448" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Middle_emblem_of_the_Ministry_of_Defence_of_the_Russian_Federation_(21.07.2003-present).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Middle_emblem_of_the_Ministry_of_Defence_of_the_Russian_Federation_%2821.07.2003-present%29.svg/25px-Middle_emblem_of_the_Ministry_of_Defence_of_the_Russian_Federation_%2821.07.2003-present%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Middle_emblem_of_the_Ministry_of_Defence_of_the_Russian_Federation_%2821.07.2003-present%29.svg/38px-Middle_emblem_of_the_Ministry_of_Defence_of_the_Russian_Federation_%2821.07.2003-present%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Middle_emblem_of_the_Ministry_of_Defence_of_the_Russian_Federation_%2821.07.2003-present%29.svg/50px-Middle_emblem_of_the_Ministry_of_Defence_of_the_Russian_Federation_%2821.07.2003-present%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="134" data-file-height="87" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(Russia)" title="Ministry of Defence (Russia)">Ministry of Defence</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#679267; color:#f9f9f9;"> Staff</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_emblem_of_the_General_Staff_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Great_emblem_of_the_General_Staff_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces.svg/25px-Great_emblem_of_the_General_Staff_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Great_emblem_of_the_General_Staff_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces.svg/38px-Great_emblem_of_the_General_Staff_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Great_emblem_of_the_General_Staff_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces.svg/50px-Great_emblem_of_the_General_Staff_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="437" data-file-height="501" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/General_Staff_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation">General Staff of the Armed Forces</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#679267; color:#f9f9f9;"> Services (<i>vid</i>)</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Ground_Forces.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Ground_Forces.svg/25px-Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Ground_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Ground_Forces.svg/38px-Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Ground_Forces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Ground_Forces.svg/50px-Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Ground_Forces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1826" data-file-height="2200" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Russian_Ground_Forces" title="Russian Ground Forces">Russian Ground Forces</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg/25px-Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg/38px-Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg/50px-Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="582" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Russian_Aerospace_Forces" title="Russian Aerospace Forces">Russian Aerospace Forces</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg/25px-Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg/38px-Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg/50px-Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="573" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Russian_Navy" title="Russian Navy">Russian Navy</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#679267; color:#f9f9f9;"> Independent troops (<i>rod</i>)</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_emblem_of_Strategic_Rocket_Forces_of_Russia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Great_emblem_of_Strategic_Rocket_Forces_of_Russia.svg/25px-Great_emblem_of_Strategic_Rocket_Forces_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Great_emblem_of_Strategic_Rocket_Forces_of_Russia.svg/38px-Great_emblem_of_Strategic_Rocket_Forces_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Great_emblem_of_Strategic_Rocket_Forces_of_Russia.svg/50px-Great_emblem_of_Strategic_Rocket_Forces_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1571" data-file-height="1867" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Strategic_Rocket_Forces" title="Strategic Rocket Forces">Strategic Rocket Forces</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Airborne_Troops.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Airborne_Troops.svg/25px-Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Airborne_Troops.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Airborne_Troops.svg/38px-Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Airborne_Troops.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Airborne_Troops.svg/50px-Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Airborne_Troops.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1571" data-file-height="1867" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Russian_Airborne_Forces" title="Russian Airborne Forces">Russian Airborne Forces</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#679267; color:#f9f9f9;"> Special operations force (<i>sof</i>)</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_emblem_of_the_Special_Operations_Forces.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Great_emblem_of_the_Special_Operations_Forces.svg/25px-Great_emblem_of_the_Special_Operations_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Great_emblem_of_the_Special_Operations_Forces.svg/38px-Great_emblem_of_the_Special_Operations_Forces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Great_emblem_of_the_Special_Operations_Forces.svg/50px-Great_emblem_of_the_Special_Operations_Forces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="989" data-file-height="1182" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Special_Operations_Forces_(Russia)" title="Special Operations Forces (Russia)">Special Operations Forces</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#679267; color:#f9f9f9;"> Other troops</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_emblem_of_the_Rear_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Great_emblem_of_the_Rear_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces.svg/25px-Great_emblem_of_the_Rear_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Great_emblem_of_the_Rear_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces.svg/38px-Great_emblem_of_the_Rear_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Great_emblem_of_the_Rear_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces.svg/50px-Great_emblem_of_the_Rear_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="715" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Logistical_Support_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Logistical Support of the Russian Armed Forces">Logistical Support</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#679267; color:#f9f9f9;"> Military districts</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_emblem_of_the_Western_Military_District.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Great_emblem_of_the_Western_Military_District.svg/25px-Great_emblem_of_the_Western_Military_District.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Great_emblem_of_the_Western_Military_District.svg/38px-Great_emblem_of_the_Western_Military_District.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Great_emblem_of_the_Western_Military_District.svg/50px-Great_emblem_of_the_Western_Military_District.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="423" data-file-height="509" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Leningrad_Military_District" title="Leningrad Military District">Leningrad Military District</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_emblem_of_the_Moscow_Military_District.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Great_emblem_of_the_Moscow_Military_District.svg/25px-Great_emblem_of_the_Moscow_Military_District.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Great_emblem_of_the_Moscow_Military_District.svg/38px-Great_emblem_of_the_Moscow_Military_District.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Great_emblem_of_the_Moscow_Military_District.svg/50px-Great_emblem_of_the_Moscow_Military_District.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="411" data-file-height="487" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Military_District" title="Moscow Military District">Moscow Military District</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_emblem_of_the_Southern_Military_District.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Great_emblem_of_the_Southern_Military_District.svg/25px-Great_emblem_of_the_Southern_Military_District.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Great_emblem_of_the_Southern_Military_District.svg/38px-Great_emblem_of_the_Southern_Military_District.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Great_emblem_of_the_Southern_Military_District.svg/50px-Great_emblem_of_the_Southern_Military_District.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="429" data-file-height="509" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Southern_Military_District" title="Southern Military District">Southern Military District</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_emblem_of_the_Central_Military_District.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Great_emblem_of_the_Central_Military_District.svg/25px-Great_emblem_of_the_Central_Military_District.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Great_emblem_of_the_Central_Military_District.svg/38px-Great_emblem_of_the_Central_Military_District.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Great_emblem_of_the_Central_Military_District.svg/50px-Great_emblem_of_the_Central_Military_District.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="428" data-file-height="508" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Central_Military_District" title="Central Military District">Central Military District</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_emblem_of_the_Eastern_Military_District.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Great_emblem_of_the_Eastern_Military_District.svg/25px-Great_emblem_of_the_Eastern_Military_District.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Great_emblem_of_the_Eastern_Military_District.svg/38px-Great_emblem_of_the_Eastern_Military_District.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Great_emblem_of_the_Eastern_Military_District.svg/50px-Great_emblem_of_the_Eastern_Military_District.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="608" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Military_District" title="Eastern Military District">Eastern Military District</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#679267; color:#f9f9f9;"> History of the Russian military</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Russia" title="Military history of Russia">Military history of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Russian_military_ranks" title="History of Russian military ranks">History of Russian military ranks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Military ranks of the Soviet Union">Military ranks of the Soviet Union</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Russian_military" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Russian military"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1991–2000"><span id="1991.E2.80.932000"></span>1991–2000</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Air_Force&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1991–2000"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following the dissolution of the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> into its fifteen constituent republics in December 1991, the aircraft and personnel of the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Air_Forces" title="Soviet Air Forces">Soviet Air Forces</a>—the <i>VVS</i>—were divided among the newly independent states. General <a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Deynekin" title="Pyotr Deynekin">Pyotr Deynekin</a>, the former deputy commander-in-chief of the Soviet Air Forces, became the first commander of the new organization on 24 August 1991. <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> received the majority of the most modern fighters and 65% of the manpower. The major commands of the former Soviet VVS—the <a href="/wiki/Long-Range_Aviation" title="Long-Range Aviation">Long-Range Aviation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Military_Transport_Aviation" title="Military Transport Aviation">Military Transport Aviation</a>, and Frontal Aviation were renamed, with few changes, Russian VVS commands. </p><p>However, many regiments, aircraft, and personnel were claimed by the republics they were based in, forming the core of the new republics' air forces. Some aircraft in <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> (such as <a href="/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-160" title="Tupolev Tu-160">Tupolev Tu-160s</a>) were returned to Russia, sometimes in return for debt reductions, as well as the 79th Heavy Bomber Aviation Division at <a href="/wiki/Chagan_(air_base)" title="Chagan (air base)">Chagan</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a>. </p><p>In 1993 and 1994 Deynekin announced that a Frontal Aviation Command (Moscow, under General-lieutenant of Aviation Nikolay Antoshkin) and a Reserves and Cadres Training Command (Samara, under Colonel-General Leonid Stepanyuk) were to be established.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But little more was heard of these commands. </p><p>During the 1990s, the financial stringency was felt throughout the armed forces made its mark on the VVS as well.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pilots and other personnel could sometimes not get their wages for months, and on occasion resorted to desperate measures: four <a href="/wiki/Mikoyan_MiG-31" title="Mikoyan MiG-31">MiG-31</a> pilots at <a href="/wiki/Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Airport">Yelizovo</a> in the Far East went on hunger strike in 1996 to demand back pay which was several months overdue, and the problem was only resolved by diverting unit money intended for other tasks.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result of the cutbacks, infrastructure became degraded as well, and in 1998, 40% of military airfields needed repair. </p><p>The VVS participated in the <a href="/wiki/First_Chechen_War" title="First Chechen War">First Chechen War</a> (1994–1996) and the <a href="/wiki/Second_Chechen_War" title="Second Chechen War">Second Chechen War</a> (1999–2002). These campaigns also presented significant difficulties for the <i>VVS</i> including the terrain, lack of significant fixed targets, and insurgents armed with <a href="/wiki/FIM-92_Stinger" title="FIM-92 Stinger">Stinger</a> and <a href="/wiki/9K32_Strela-2" title="9K32 Strela-2">Strela-2M</a> <a href="/wiki/Surface-to-air_missile" title="Surface-to-air missile">surface-to-air missiles</a>. </p><p>The former <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Air_Defence_Forces" title="Soviet Air Defence Forces">Soviet Air Defence Forces</a> remained independent for several years under Russian control, only merging with the Air Forces in 1998. The decree merging the two forces was issued by President <a href="/wiki/Boris_Yeltsin" title="Boris Yeltsin">Boris Yeltsin</a> on 16 July 1997. During 1998 altogether 580 units and formations were disbanded, 134 reorganised, and over 600 were given a new jurisdiction.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The redistribution of forces affected 95% of aircraft, 98% of helicopters, 93% of anti-aircraft missile complexes, 95% of the equipment of <a href="/wiki/Russian_Radio-Technical_Troops" title="Russian Radio-Technical Troops">radiotechnical troops</a>, 100% of anti-aircraft missiles and over 60% of aviation armament. More than 600,000 tons of material changed location and 3,500 aircraft changed airfields. Military Transport Aviation planes took more than 40,000 families to new residence areas. </p><p>The short-lived operational commands were abolished. Two air armies, the <a href="/wiki/37th_Air_Army" title="37th Air Army">37th Air Army</a> (long-range aviation) and the 61st Air Army (former <a href="/wiki/Military_Transport_Aviation" title="Military Transport Aviation">Military Transport Aviation</a>), were established directly under the Supreme Command. The former frontal aviation and anti-aircraft forces were organized as Air Force Armies and Anti-Aircraft Defense Armies under the military district commanders. </p><p>There were initially four such armies with headquarters in <a href="/wiki/St.Petersburg" class="mw-redirect" title="St.Petersburg">St.Petersburg</a> (<a href="/wiki/Leningrad_Military_District" title="Leningrad Military District">Leningrad Military District</a>), <a href="/wiki/Rostov-on-Don" title="Rostov-on-Don">Rostov-on-Don</a> (<a href="/wiki/North_Caucasus_Military_District" title="North Caucasus Military District">North Caucasus Military District</a>), <a href="/wiki/Khabarovsk" title="Khabarovsk">Khabarovsk</a> (<a href="/wiki/Far_Eastern_Military_District" title="Far Eastern Military District">Far East Military District</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Chita,_Zabaykalsky_Krai" title="Chita, Zabaykalsky Krai">Chita</a> (<a href="/wiki/Siberian_Military_District" title="Siberian Military District">Siberian Military District</a>). Two military districts had separate Air and Air Defence Corps. When the <a href="/wiki/Transbaikal_Military_District" title="Transbaikal Military District">Transbaikal Military District</a> and <a href="/wiki/Siberian_Military_District" title="Siberian Military District">Siberian Military District</a> were merged, the <a href="/wiki/14th_Air_and_Air_Defence_Forces_Army" title="14th Air and Air Defence Forces Army">14th Air and Air Defence Forces Army</a> was formed to serve as the air force formation in the area. </p><p>The number of servicemen in the Air Force was reduced to about 185,000 from the former combined number of 318,000. 123,500 positions were abolished, including almost 1,000 colonel positions. The resignation of 3000 other servicemen included 46 generals of which 15 were colonel generals. On 29 December 1998 Colonel General <a href="/wiki/Anatoly_Kornukov" title="Anatoly Kornukov">Anatoly Kornukov</a>, a former Air Defence Forces officer and new commander-in-chief of the merged force succeeding Deynekin, reported to the Russian defense minister that the task had 'in principle been achieved'.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> General Kornukov established the new headquarters of the force in Zarya, near <a href="/wiki/Balashikha" title="Balashikha">Balashikha</a>, 20 km east of the center of Moscow, in the former PVO central command post, where the CIS common air defense system is directed from. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2001–2010"><span id="2001.E2.80.932010"></span>2001–2010</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Air_Force&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 2001–2010"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In December 2003 the aviation assets of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Ground_Forces" title="Russian Ground Forces">Russian Ground Forces</a>—mostly helicopters—were transferred to the VVS, following the shooting down of a <a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-26" title="Mil Mi-26">Mi-26</a> helicopter in <a href="/wiki/Chechnya" title="Chechnya">Chechnya</a> on 19 August 2002 that claimed 19 lives. The former Army Aviation was in its previous form intended for the direct support of the Ground Forces, by providing their tactical air support, conducting tactical aerial reconnaissance, transporting airborne troops, providing fire support of their actions, <a href="/wiki/Electronic_warfare" title="Electronic warfare">electronic warfare</a>, setting of minefield barriers and other tasks. The former Army Aviation was subsequently managed by the Chief of the Department of Army Aviation.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2010, it was announced that the 2003 decision to transfer Ground Force Aviation to the Air Force was reversed, with the transfer back to the Ground Forces to occur sometime in 2015 or 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the 2000s, the Air Force continued to suffer from a lack of resources for pilot training. In the 1990s Russian pilots achieved approximately 10% of the flight hours of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a>. The 2007 edition of the <a href="/wiki/International_Institute_for_Strategic_Studies" title="International Institute for Strategic Studies">International Institute for Strategic Studies</a> (IISS) Military Balance listed pilots of tactical aviation flying 20–25 hours a year, <a href="/wiki/Military_Transport_Aviation" title="Military Transport Aviation">61st Air Army</a> pilots (former Military Transport Aviation), 60 hours a year, and Army Aviation under VVS control 55 hours a year.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2007 the VVS resumed the Soviet-era practice of deploying its strategic bomber aircraft on long-range patrols. This ended a 15-year unilateral suspension due to fuel costs and other economic difficulties after the collapse of the Soviet Union.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Patrols towards the <a href="/wiki/North_Pole" title="North Pole">North Pole</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</a> were reinstated, bringing the planes often close to <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> territory, including in one instance flying over the <a href="/wiki/Irish_Sea" title="Irish Sea">Irish Sea</a> between the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Georgian_War" title="Russo-Georgian War">2008 South Ossetian War</a>, the VVS suffered losses of between four and seven aircraft due to <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgian</a> anti-aircraft fire. The <a href="/wiki/2008_Russian_military_reform" title="2008 Russian military reform">2008 Russian military reforms</a> were promptly announced following the war, which according to Western experts were intended to address many inadequacies discovered as a result. The reforms commenced in early 2009, in which air armies were succeeded by commands, and most air regiments became air bases.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Aviation_Week_%26_Space_Technology" title="Aviation Week & Space Technology">Aviation Week & Space Technology</a></i> confirmed that the reorganization would be completed by December 2009 and would see a 40 percent reduction in aircrew numbers.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2009, the Russian newspaper <a href="/wiki/Kommersant" title="Kommersant">Kommersant</a> reported that 200 of the 291 MiG-29s currently in service across all Russian air arms were unsafe and would have to be permanently grounded.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This action would remove from service about a third of Russia's total fighter force, some 650 aircraft. On 5 June 2009, the Chief of the General Staff, <a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Yegorovich_Makarov" class="mw-redirect" title="Nikolay Yegorovich Makarov">Nikolai Makarov</a> said of the VVS that "They can run bombing missions only in the daytime with the sun shining, but they miss their targets anyway".<sup id="cite_ref-cdi.org_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cdi.org-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Maj. Gen. Pavel Androsov said that Russia's long-range bombers would be upgraded in 2009 to be able to hit within 20 meters of their targets.<sup id="cite_ref-upi.com_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-upi.com-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Also in September 2009, it was reported that an East European network of the <a href="/wiki/Joint_CIS_Air_Defense_System" title="Joint CIS Air Defense System">Joint CIS Air Defense System</a> was to be set up by Russia and <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This network was intended to protect the airspace of the two countries as defined in the supranational 1999 <a href="/wiki/Union_State" title="Union State">Union State</a> treaty. Its planned composition was to include five Air Force units, 10 anti-aircraft units, five technical service and support units, and one electronic warfare unit. It was to be placed under the command of a Russian or Belarusian Air Force or Air Defence Force senior commander. </p><p>In July 2010, Russian jet fighters made the first nonstop flights from European Russia to the Russian Far East.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> By August 2010, according to the Commander-in-Chief of the VVS <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Zelin" title="Alexander Zelin">Alexander Zelin</a>, the average flight hours of a pilot in Russian tactical aviation had reached 80 hours a year, while in army aviation and military transport aviation, it exceeded 100 hours a year.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 15 August 2010, the Russian Air Force temporarily grounded its fleet of <a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-25" title="Sukhoi Su-25">Su-25</a> ground attack aircraft to investigate a crash that happened during a training mission. The Russian Defense Ministry said that the plane crashed on 6 August 2010, 60  km to the north-west of <a href="/wiki/Step_(air_base)" title="Step (air base)">Step</a> air base in <a href="/wiki/Siberia" title="Siberia">Siberia</a>, according to <i><a href="/wiki/RIA_Novosti" title="RIA Novosti">RIA Novosti</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2011–2020"><span id="2011.E2.80.932020"></span>2011–2020</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Air_Force&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 2011–2020"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the instructions of the <a href="/wiki/General_Staff_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation">General Staff of the Armed Forces</a> on 1 September 2011, the unmanned aircraft of the VVS and the personnel operating them moved under the command structure of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Ground_Forces" title="Russian Ground Forces">Russian Ground Forces</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 2012, the VVS operated a total of 61 air bases, including 26 air bases with tactical aircraft, of which 14 are equipped with fighter aircraft. In terms of flight hours, pilots in the <a href="/wiki/Western_Military_District" title="Western Military District">Western Military District</a> averaged 125 hours over the 2012 training year. Pilots from the Kursk air base achieved an average of 150 hours, with transport aviation averaging 170 hours.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2014, during the early periods of Russia's <a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">annexation of Crimea</a>, the assets of the VVS in the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Military_District" title="Southern Military District">Southern Military District</a> were activated and flown to the peninsula for supporting the rest of the operations.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 1 August 2015, the Russian Air Force, along with the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Aerospace_Defence_Forces" title="Russian Aerospace Defence Forces">Russian Aerospace Defence Forces</a> and the Air Defense Troops, were merged into a new branch of the armed forces, now officially called the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Aerospace_Forces" title="Russian Aerospace Forces">Russian Aerospace Forces</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Janes2015_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Janes2015-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 30 September 2015, the VVS launched a <a href="/wiki/Russian_military_intervention_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian military intervention in the Syrian Civil War">military intervention in Syria</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Homs" title="Homs">Homs</a> region.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 24 November 2015, during a bombing mission, a <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Air_Force" title="Turkish Air Force">Turkish Air Force</a> <a href="/wiki/F-16" class="mw-redirect" title="F-16">F-16</a> <a href="/wiki/2015_Russian_Sukhoi_Su-24_shootdown" title="2015 Russian Sukhoi Su-24 shootdown">shot down</a> a Russian <a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-24" title="Sukhoi Su-24">Sukhoi Su-24</a> that <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> claimed had violated its airspace.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-TurkishGeneralStaffPressRelease_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TurkishGeneralStaffPressRelease-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 2020, the <a href="/wiki/Human_rights_violations_during_the_Syrian_Civil_War#Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Human rights violations during the Syrian Civil War">indiscriminate bombing of civilian targets</a> by the VVS in Syria has been described as "amounting to war crime" by a <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Human_Rights_Council" title="United Nations Human Rights Council">United Nations Human Rights Council</a> report.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 9 November 2020, a Russian <a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-24" title="Mil Mi-24">Mil Mi-24</a> attack helicopter was <a href="/wiki/2020_Russian_Mil_Mi-24_shootdown" title="2020 Russian Mil Mi-24 shootdown">shot down</a> mistakenly by the <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Azerbaijan" class="mw-redirect" title="Armed Forces of Azerbaijan">Azerbaijani Armed Forces</a> during the <a href="/wiki/2020_Nagorno-Karabakh_war" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war">2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war</a> killing 2 crew members and injuring 1 more. Days later, after the signing of the <a href="/wiki/2020_Nagorno-Karabakh_ceasefire_agreement" title="2020 Nagorno-Karabakh ceasefire agreement">ceasefire agreement</a>, Russian peacekeepers were deployed to <a href="/wiki/Nagorno-Karabakh" title="Nagorno-Karabakh">Nagorno-Karabakh</a> with aviation to patrol its borders.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2021–present"><span id="2021.E2.80.93present"></span>2021–present</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Air_Force&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 2021–present"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Modernization plans and programs carried out since the 2010s are being continued into 2021 as a part of Russia's State Armament Program for 2018–2027.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="VVS_role_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine">VVS role in the Russian invasion of Ukraine</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Air_Force&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: VVS role in the Russian invasion of Ukraine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine#Air_and_naval_engagements" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine § Air and naval engagements</a></div> <p>On 24 February 2022, the VVS was deployed in support of the <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">invasion of Ukraine</a>. The VVS had reportedly deployed about 300 combat aircraft within range of Ukraine.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aircraft have also been deployed in <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a> for <a href="/wiki/Sortie" title="Sortie">sorties</a> over <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>. </p><p>On 25 February 2022, Ukrainian forces reportedly destroyed several aircraft and set a Russian airbase on fire in the <a href="/wiki/Millerovo_air_base_attack" title="Millerovo air base attack">Millerovo air base attack</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 13 March 2022, Russian forces launched <a href="/wiki/Cruise_missile" title="Cruise missile">cruise missile</a> attacks on <a href="/wiki/Yavoriv_military_base_attack" title="Yavoriv military base attack">Yavoriv military base</a> near the Polish border. </p><p>As of 20 March 2022, it was claimed that VVS carried out at least 1403 airstrikes on <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> since the beginning of the invasion.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The VVS has generally been noted by its relative absence from the invasion and has as of 25 March 2022 failed to subdue <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Ground_Forces#Army_Air_Defence" title="Ukrainian Ground Forces">Ukrainian air defenses</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Air_Force" title="Ukrainian Air Force">Ukrainian Air Force</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has, as of April 1, 2022, also failed to achieve <a href="/wiki/Air_supremacy" title="Air supremacy">air supremacy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Failure to achieve this has been attributed to the lack of <a href="/wiki/Suppression_of_Enemy_Air_Defenses" title="Suppression of Enemy Air Defenses">SEAD</a> operations on the part of the VVS likely due to the lack of flying hours for Russian pilots as well as the lack of dedicated <a href="/wiki/Suppression_of_Enemy_Air_Defenses" title="Suppression of Enemy Air Defenses">SEAD</a> units and <a href="/wiki/Precision-guided_munition" title="Precision-guided munition">precision-guided munitions</a> within the VVS.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-:2_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These weaknesses have been compounded by the mobility of Ukrainian air defenses with the extensive use of <a href="/wiki/Man-portable_air-defense_system" title="Man-portable air-defense system">MANPADS</a> as well as <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> reportedly sharing <a href="/wiki/Airborne_early_warning_and_control" title="Airborne early warning and control">early warning</a> information with Ukrainian forces. According to the Ukrainian MoD, as of 16 March 2022, the VVS has also suffered at least 77 aircraft losses, however only 12 were verified by independent sources at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the first six months of the campaign, Russia's air war was largely a failure. An <a href="/wiki/United_States_Intelligence_Community" title="United States Intelligence Community">American intelligence</a> analyst said that less than 40% of the 2,154 missiles fired by Russia hit their targets, such as the <a href="/wiki/Highway_H33_(Ukraine)" title="Highway H33 (Ukraine)">Zatoka bridge</a> which sustained over eight air attacks before being disabled. The VVS reportedly flew over 20,000 sorties in the war, fewer than 3,000 of which entered Ukrainian airspace, possibly due to fear of Ukraine's sustained air defense.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The VVS has <a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_the_2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="War crimes in the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">struck civilian targets</a> during the invasion prompting an <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_investigation_in_Ukraine" title="International Criminal Court investigation in Ukraine">International Criminal Court investigation in Ukraine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Notably, during the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Mariupol" title="Siege of Mariupol">battle of Mariupol</a> it <a href="/wiki/Mariupol_hospital_airstrike" title="Mariupol hospital airstrike">struck a hospital</a> as well as <a href="/wiki/Mariupol_theatre_airstrike" title="Mariupol theatre airstrike">a theatre</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Russian pilots in Ukraine are having to use civilian GPS units "taped to the dashboards".<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 19 September US Air Force General <a href="/wiki/James_B._Hecker" class="mw-redirect" title="James B. Hecker">James B. Hecker</a> said that Russia had lost 55 military aircraft due to being shot down by Ukrainian air defenses since the start of the invasion. He credits this success to the Ukrainian use of <a href="/wiki/SA-11" class="mw-redirect" title="SA-11">SA-11</a> and <a href="/wiki/SA-10" class="mw-redirect" title="SA-10">SA-10</a> air defense systems. As the US doesn't have these systems getting new missiles from European allies is a "big ask" from <a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a>. Russian airplanes increased their operations due to the September <a href="/wiki/2022_Ukrainian_Kharkiv_Oblast_counteroffensive" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Ukrainian Kharkiv Oblast counteroffensive">2022 Ukrainian Kharkiv Oblast counteroffensive</a>. This was due to several factors including changing front lines, former safe territory is now held by the enemy. Or because they were under pressure to provide closer ground support.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 8 October 2022 the chief of the VVS <a href="/wiki/Sergey_Surovikin" title="Sergey Surovikin">Sergey Surovikin</a> became the commander of all Russian forces invading Ukraine.<sup id="cite_ref-al_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-al-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 10 October 2022 the VVS re-commenced the bombardment of cities like <a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a> and especially <a href="/wiki/Energy_infrastructure" class="mw-redirect" title="Energy infrastructure">energy infrastructure</a> like electricity grid facilities. The large-scale coordinated attacks also hit <a href="/wiki/Kharkiv" title="Kharkiv">Kharkiv</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kryvyi_Rih" title="Kryvyi Rih">Kryvyi Rih</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lviv" title="Lviv">Lviv</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dnipro" title="Dnipro">Dnipro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ternopil" title="Ternopil">Ternopil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kremenchuk" title="Kremenchuk">Kremenchuk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Khmelnytskyi" title="Khmelnytskyi">Khmelnytskyi</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Zhytomyr" title="Zhytomyr">Zhytomyr</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Oblasts" class="mw-redirect" title="Oblasts">oblasts</a> of Kyiv, Khmelnytskyi, Lviv, Dnipropetrovsk, Vinnytsia, Ivano-Frankivsk, Zaporizhzhia, Sumy, Kharkiv, Zhytormyr, Kirovohrad were attacked on this day.<sup id="cite_ref-#B300_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-#B300-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When, by 17 October, these energy infrastructure attacks continued unabated the western media labeled the delivery system "kamikaze drones", and Ukrainian president <a href="/wiki/Zelensky" class="mw-redirect" title="Zelensky">Zelensky</a> called this "terrorizing the civilian population".<sup id="cite_ref-#C300_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-#C300-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 23 October (not yet two weeks) 40% of Ukrainians were without electricity and/or water.<sup id="cite_ref-#D300_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-#D300-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Russian airstrikes against Ukrainian infrastructure again intensified with the deployment of the <b><a href="/wiki/UMPK_(bomb_kit)" title="UMPK (bomb kit)">UMPK</a></b> (unified gliding and correction module) bomb kits since early 2023, which allowed to Russian Air Force convert dummy Soviet-era aerial bombs into a precise ammunition. UMPK bomb kits are being particularly used with general purpose <a href="/wiki/FAB-250" title="FAB-250">FAB-250</a>, <a href="/wiki/FAB-500" title="FAB-500">FAB-500</a> and <a href="/wiki/FAB-1500" class="mw-redirect" title="FAB-1500">FAB-1500</a> aerial bombs containing highly explosive warheads. These glide kits greatly increase range and also add an element of guidance, allowing Russian bombers, namely the <a href="/wiki/Su-34" class="mw-redirect" title="Su-34">Su-34</a>, to execute aerial attacks from safer distances without entering areas covered by Ukrainian air defense systems.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Ukrainian General Ivan Havryliuk, since start of 2024 year, Russian aviation dropped over 3,500 of these bombs on Ukrainian positions.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Wagner_Group_rebellion">Wagner Group rebellion</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Air_Force&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Wagner Group rebellion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Wagner_Group_rebellion" title="Wagner Group rebellion">Wagner Group rebellion</a></div> <p><abbr>On 23 - 24 June 2023</abbr> the state-funded <a href="/wiki/Private_military_company" title="Private military company">private military company</a> <a href="/wiki/Wagner_Group" title="Wagner Group">Wagner Group</a> rebelled against the Russian government citing <a href="/wiki/Prigozhin%E2%80%93Shoigu_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="Prigozhin–Shoigu conflict">increased tensions</a> with <a href="/wiki/Russian_Ministry_of_Defence" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Ministry of Defence">Ministry of Defence</a> leaders. With the majority of Russian ground forces already committed in the <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">invasion of Ukraine</a>, the VVS was a primary component of the Russian military response to the rebellion. </p><p>During the conflict, the VVS lost one <a href="/wiki/Il-22M" class="mw-redirect" title="Il-22M">Il-22M</a> <a href="/wiki/Airborne_Command_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="Airborne Command Post">Airborne Command Post</a> and five helicopters (three <a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-8" title="Mil Mi-8">Mi-8</a>, one <a href="/wiki/Mi-35" class="mw-redirect" title="Mi-35">Mi-35M</a>, and one <a href="/wiki/KA-52" class="mw-redirect" title="KA-52">KA-52</a>) as well as one damaged <a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-8" title="Mil Mi-8">Mi-8</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two of the destroyed Mi-8s as well as the damaged one were Russia's newest Mi-8MTPR-1 Electronic Warfare variants.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_53-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Up to 29 crew were killed, assuming the aircraft were fully manned, but the VVS has not released casualties.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wagner lost at least five vehicles during hostilities, but it is unclear how many can be attributed to VVS actions.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_53-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Reports indicated that the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Russian Armed Forces">Russian Armed Forces</a> were failing to stop Wagner's momentum toward Moscow when a political <a href="/wiki/Wagner_Group_rebellion#Resolution" title="Wagner Group rebellion">resolution</a> to the rebellion was announced.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">U.K.</a> Defense Intelligence reported that the <a href="/wiki/Il-22M" class="mw-redirect" title="Il-22M">Il-22M</a> was a particularly high value asset, being one in a fleet of only 12 special mission aircraft, and that its loss could have an impact on the ongoing <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">invasion of Ukraine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leadership">Leadership</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Air_Force&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Leadership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Commander-in-Chief_of_the_Russian_Air_Force" title="Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Air Force">Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Air Force</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sergey_Dronov.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Sergey_Dronov.jpg/220px-Sergey_Dronov.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="297" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Sergey_Dronov.jpg/330px-Sergey_Dronov.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/Sergey_Dronov.jpg 2x" data-file-width="367" data-file-height="496" /></a><figcaption>The Commander of the Russian Air Force Lt. Gen. Sergey Dronov</figcaption></figure> <p>Previously the highest military office until 1 August 2015. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Commander-in-chief of the VVS </th> <th>Years </th></tr> <tr> <td>General <a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Deynekin" title="Pyotr Deynekin">Pyotr Deynekin</a></td> <td>(19 August 1992 – 22 January 1998) </td></tr> <tr> <td>General <a href="/wiki/Anatoly_Kornukov" title="Anatoly Kornukov">Anatoly Kornukov</a></td> <td>(22 January 1998 – 21 January 2002) </td></tr> <tr> <td>General <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Sergeyevich_Mikhaylov" class="mw-redirect" title="Vladimir Sergeyevich Mikhaylov">Vladimir Mikhaylov</a></td> <td>(21 January 2002 – 9 May 2007) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Colonel General <a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Zelin" class="mw-redirect" title="Aleksandr Zelin">Aleksandr Zelin</a></td> <td>(9 May 2007 – 27 April 2012) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Colonel General <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Bondarev" title="Viktor Bondarev">Viktor Bondarev</a></td> <td>(6 May 2012 – 1 August 2015) </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Aerospace<br />Forces and Commander of the VVS </th> <th>Years </th></tr> <tr> <td>Lieutenant General <a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrey_Yudin_(military_officer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andrey Yudin (military officer) (page does not exist)">Andrey Yudin</a></td> <td>(1 August 2015 – August 2019) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Lieutenant General <a href="/wiki/Sergey_Dronov" title="Sergey Dronov">Sergey Dronov</a></td> <td>(August 2019 – Present) </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Since the merger between the VVS and the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Aerospace_Defence_Forces" title="Russian Aerospace Defence Forces">Russian Aerospace Defence Forces</a> on 1 August 2015, the commander of the VVS as part of the new <a href="/wiki/Russian_Aerospace_Forces" title="Russian Aerospace Forces">Russian Aerospace Forces</a> is titled Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Aerospace Forces and Commander of the VVS.<sup id="cite_ref-Janes2015_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Janes2015-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lieutenant General Andrey Yudin became the first holder of the position until he was succeeded by Lieutenant General Sergey Dronov in August 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Air_Force&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs to be <b>updated</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2024</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Russian_Air_Force.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Russian_Air_Force.png/1000px-Russian_Air_Force.png" decoding="async" width="1000" height="239" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Russian_Air_Force.png/1500px-Russian_Air_Force.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Russian_Air_Force.png/2000px-Russian_Air_Force.png 2x" data-file-width="5927" data-file-height="1414" /></a><figcaption>The organisation of the Russian Air Force in 2002<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_military_airbases_in_Russia" title="List of military airbases in Russia">List of military airbases in Russia</a></div> <p>In 2009 the structure of the VVS was completely changed to a command-air base structure from the previous structure of air army-air division or corps-<a href="/wiki/Aviation_regiment_(Soviet_Union)" title="Aviation regiment (Soviet Union)">air regiment</a>. The VVS was divided into four operational commands, the Aerospace Defense Operational Strategic Command (seemingly primarily made up of the former <a href="/wiki/Special_Purpose_Command" title="Special Purpose Command">Special Purpose Command</a>), the <a href="/wiki/Military_Transport_Aviation" title="Military Transport Aviation">Military Transport Aviation</a> Command, and the <a href="/wiki/Long-Range_Aviation" title="Long-Range Aviation">Long-Range Aviation</a> Command.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This listing is a composite; the available new information covers frontline forces, and the forces of central subordination are as of approximately August 2008. Warfare.ru maintains what appears to be a reasonably up-to-date listing, and <i>Combat Aircraft</i> magazine in June 2010 listed their organization's estimate of the new order of battle.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The date of the event predicted near this tag has passed. (April 2022)">needs update</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p><i>This listing appears to be as of June 2009</i>:<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The date of the event predicted near this tag has passed. (April 2022)">needs update</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Regional_air_armies">Regional air armies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Air_Force&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Regional air armies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Russian Air Force flights often use a callsign beginning with RFF: For example RFF1234. </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Aerospace_Defence_Forces_Army&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1st Aerospace Defence Forces Army (page does not exist)">1st Aerospace Defence Forces Army</a> (<a href="/wiki/Moscow_Military_District" title="Moscow Military District">Moscow Military District</a>) <ul><li>4th Aerospace Defense brigade (Dolgoprudnyi, <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Oblast" title="Moscow Oblast">Moscow Oblast</a>)</li> <li>5th Aerospace Defense Brigade (Petrovskoe, Moscow Oblast)</li> <li>6th Aerospace Defense brigade (<a href="/wiki/Rzhev" title="Rzhev">Rzhev</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tver_Oblast" title="Tver Oblast">Tver Oblast</a>) (former 32nd Corps of PVO?)</li> <li>6963rd aviation base (<a href="/wiki/Kursk_Vostochny_Airport" title="Kursk Vostochny Airport">Kursk Vostochny Airport</a>) (Su-30,<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> MiG-29SMT/UBT)</li> <li>6968th fighter aviation base (<a href="/wiki/Borisovsky_Khotilovo_(air_base)" class="mw-redirect" title="Borisovsky Khotilovo (air base)">Borisovsky Khotilovo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tver_Oblast" title="Tver Oblast">Tver Oblast</a>) (Su-27, MiG-31B, MiG-31BM, Su-24<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6th_Air_and_Air_Defence_Forces_Army" title="6th Air and Air Defence Forces Army">6th Air and Air Defence Forces Army</a> (<a href="/wiki/Voronezh" title="Voronezh">Voronezh</a>) (<a href="/wiki/Leningrad_Military_District" title="Leningrad Military District">Leningrad Military District</a>) <ul><li>1st Aerospace Defense brigade (<a href="/wiki/Severomorsk" title="Severomorsk">Severomorsk</a>)</li> <li>2nd Aerospace Defense brigade (<a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">St. Petersburg</a>)</li> <li>6961st aviation base (<a href="/wiki/Petrozavodsk_Airport" title="Petrozavodsk Airport">Petrozavodsk Airport</a>) (Su-27)</li> <li>6964th aviation base (<a href="/wiki/Monchegorsk_(air_base)" title="Monchegorsk (air base)">Monchegorsk Air Base</a>, <a href="/wiki/Murmansk_Oblast" title="Murmansk Oblast">Murmansk Oblast</a>) (Su-24M, Su-24MR)</li> <li>6965th aviation base (<a href="/wiki/Vyazma_Airport" title="Vyazma Airport">Vyazma Airport</a>, <a href="/wiki/Smolensk_Oblast" title="Smolensk Oblast">Smolensk Oblast</a>) (Mi-8TM, Mi-24V, Mi-28N)</li> <li>7000th aviation base (<a href="/wiki/Voronezh_Malshevo_(air_base)" title="Voronezh Malshevo (air base)">Voronezh Malshevo Air Base</a>) (Su-24M, Su-24MR, Su-34)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/14th_Air_and_Air_Defence_Forces_Army" title="14th Air and Air Defence Forces Army">14th Air and Air Defence Forces Army</a> (<a href="/wiki/Yekaterinburg" title="Yekaterinburg">Yekaterinburg</a>) (<a href="/wiki/Central_Military_District" title="Central Military District">Central Military District</a>) <ul><li>8th Aerospace Defense Brigade (Yekaterinburg)</li> <li>9th Aerospace Defense brigade (<a href="/wiki/Novosibirsk" title="Novosibirsk">Novosibirsk</a>)</li> <li>10th Aerospace Defense brigade (<a href="/wiki/Chita,_Zabaykalsky_Krai" title="Chita, Zabaykalsky Krai">Chita</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/764th_Fighter_Aviation_Regiment" title="764th Fighter Aviation Regiment">6977th Aviation Base</a> (<a href="/wiki/Perm_International_Airport" title="Perm International Airport">Bolshoye Savino Airport</a>, <a href="/wiki/Perm_Krai" title="Perm Krai">Perm Krai</a>) (MiG-31BM)</li> <li>6979th aviation base (<a href="/wiki/Kansk_(air_base)" title="Kansk (air base)">Kansk Air Base</a>, <a href="/wiki/Krasnoyarsk_Krai" title="Krasnoyarsk Krai">Krasnoyarsk Krai</a>) (MiG-31BM)</li> <li>6980th aviation base (<a href="/wiki/Chelyabinsk_Shagol_Airport" title="Chelyabinsk Shagol Airport">Chelyabinsk Shagol Airport</a>) (Su-24M)</li> <li>6982nd aviation base (<a href="/wiki/Domna_(air_base)" title="Domna (air base)">Domna Air Base</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zabaykalsky_Krai" title="Zabaykalsky Krai">Zabaykalsky Krai</a>) (MiG-29, Su-30SM)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/11th_Air_and_Air_Defence_Forces_Army" title="11th Air and Air Defence Forces Army">11th Air and Air Defence Forces Army</a> (<a href="/wiki/Khabarovsk" title="Khabarovsk">Khabarovsk</a>) (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Military_District" title="Eastern Military District">Eastern Military District</a>) <ul><li>11th Aerospace Defense Brigade (Komsomolsk-na-Amur)</li> <li>12th Aerospace Defense brigade (<a href="/wiki/Vladivostok" title="Vladivostok">Vladivostok</a>)</li> <li>6983rd aviation base (<a href="/wiki/Komsomolsk-on-Amur_Airport" title="Komsomolsk-on-Amur Airport">Komsomolsk-on-Amur Airport</a>, <a href="/wiki/Khabarovsk_Krai" title="Khabarovsk Krai">Khabarovsk Krai</a>) (Su-27SM, Su-30M2, Su-35S, Su-34)</li> <li>6988th aviation base (<a href="/wiki/Komsomolsk-on-Amur_Airport" title="Komsomolsk-on-Amur Airport">Khurba</a>, Khabarovsk Krai) (Su-24M, Su-24M2, Su-24MR)</li> <li>6989th aviation base (<a href="/wiki/Vladivostok_International_Airport" title="Vladivostok International Airport">Vladivostok International Airport</a>) (Su-27SM)</li> <li>265th transport aviation base (Khabarovsk)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_Air_and_Air_Defence_Forces_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="4th Air and Air Defence Forces Army">4th Air and Air Defence Forces Army</a> – (former <a href="/wiki/4th_Air_and_Air_Defence_Forces_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="4th Air and Air Defence Forces Army">4th</a> and <a href="/wiki/5th_Air_and_Air_Defence_Forces_Army" title="5th Air and Air Defence Forces Army">5th</a> Armies of VVS and PVO) (<a href="/wiki/Rostov-on-Don" title="Rostov-on-Don">Rostov-on-Don</a>) (<a href="/wiki/Southern_Military_District" title="Southern Military District">Southern Military District</a>) <ul><li>7th Aerospace Defense brigade (<a href="/wiki/Rostov-on-Don" title="Rostov-on-Don">Rostov-on-Don</a>)</li> <li>8th Aerospace Defense Brigade (Yekaterinburg)</li> <li>6970th aviation base (<a href="/wiki/Morozovsk" title="Morozovsk">Morozovsk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rostov_Oblast" title="Rostov Oblast">Rostov Oblast</a>) (Su-24M, Su-34)</li> <li>6971st aviation base (<a href="/wiki/Budyonnovsk" title="Budyonnovsk">Budyonnovsk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stavropol_Krai" title="Stavropol Krai">Stavropol Krai</a>) (Su-25SM, Mi-8AMTSh, Mi-24V, Mi-28N)</li> <li>6972nd aviation base (<a href="/wiki/Krymsk" title="Krymsk">Krymsk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Krasnodar_Krai" title="Krasnodar Krai">Krasnodar Krai</a>) (Su-27, Mi-8, Mi-24P, Mi-28N, Ka-27)</li> <li>6974th aviation base (<a href="/wiki/Korenovsk" title="Korenovsk">Korenovsk</a>, Krasnodar Krai) (Mi-8MTV-5, Mi-24V, Mi-35M, Mi-28N)</li> <li>999th aviation base (<a href="/wiki/Kant_(air_base)" title="Kant (air base)">Kant Air Base</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a>) (Su-25, Su-27, Mi-8T)</li> <li>229th transport aviation base (<a href="/wiki/Rostov-on-Don" title="Rostov-on-Don">Rostov-on-Don</a>) (Mi-26(T), Mi-8AMTSh(TM))</li></ul></li></ul> <p>Helicopter regiments providing support to the Ground Forces include the 39th, 55th, granted Guards status after the <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=112th_Independent_Helicopter_Regiment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="112th Independent Helicopter Regiment (page does not exist)">112th</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=319th_Independent_Helicopter_Regiment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="319th Independent Helicopter Regiment (page does not exist)">319th</a>, 332nd, <a href="/wiki/337th_Independent_Helicopter_Regiment" class="mw-redirect" title="337th Independent Helicopter Regiment">337th</a>, 440th, and the <a href="/wiki/487th_Separate_Helicopter_Regiment" title="487th Separate Helicopter Regiment">487th</a>. There is also a helicopter regiment in the Navy, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=830th_Anti-Submarine_Helicopter_Regiment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="830th Anti-Submarine Helicopter Regiment (page does not exist)">830th Anti-Submarine Helicopter Regiment</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Military_Transport_Aviation_Command"><a href="/wiki/Military_Transport_Aviation" title="Military Transport Aviation">Military Transport Aviation</a> Command</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Air_Force&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Military Transport Aviation Command"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Headquarters: Moscow </p> <ul><li><ul><li>6955th Aviation Base (<a href="/wiki/Migalovo_(air_base)" class="mw-redirect" title="Migalovo (air base)">Migalovo</a> (Tver)) (Il-76MD)</li> <li>6956th Aviation Base (<a href="/wiki/Orenburg" title="Orenburg">Orenburg</a>) (Il-76MD)</li> <li>6958th Aviation Base (<a href="/wiki/Taganrog" title="Taganrog">Taganrog</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rostov_Oblast" title="Rostov Oblast">Rostov Oblast</a>) (Il-76MD)</li> <li>6985th Aviation Base (<a href="/wiki/Pskov_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Pskov Airport">Pskov Airport</a>) (Il-76MF)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Long-Range_Aviation"><a href="/wiki/Long-Range_Aviation" title="Long-Range Aviation">Long-Range Aviation</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Air_Force&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Long-Range Aviation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Headquarters Moscow </p> <ul><li><ul><li>6950th Aviation Base (<a href="/wiki/Engels-2_(air_base)" class="mw-redirect" title="Engels-2 (air base)">Engels-2</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saratov_Oblast" title="Saratov Oblast">Saratov Oblast</a>) (Tu-22 M3, Tu-95 MS6, Tu-160) former <a href="/wiki/22nd_Guards_Heavy_Bomber_Aviation_Division" title="22nd Guards Heavy Bomber Aviation Division">22nd Guards Heavy Bomber Aviation Division</a></li> <li>6952nd Aviation Base (<a href="/wiki/Ukrainka_(air_base)" title="Ukrainka (air base)">Ukrainka Air Base</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amur_Oblast" title="Amur Oblast">Amur Oblast</a>) (Tu-95 MS16)</li> <li>6953rd Aviation Base (<a href="/wiki/Belaya_(air_base)" title="Belaya (air base)">Belaya Air Base</a>, located at Sredni, <a href="/wiki/Irkutsk_Oblast" title="Irkutsk Oblast">Irkutsk Oblast</a>) (Tu-22 M3)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Forces_of_Central_Subordination">Forces of Central Subordination</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Air_Force&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Forces of Central Subordination"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>132nd Central Communications Center, <a href="/wiki/Balashikha" title="Balashikha">Balashikha</a>, Zarya airport, <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Oblast" title="Moscow Oblast">Moscow Oblast</a><sup id="cite_ref-:0_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1st Fighter-Bomber Aviation Regiment – Su-24 – <a href="/wiki/Lebyazhye_(air_base)" title="Lebyazhye (air base)">Lebyazhye</a> – absorbed by 6970th Aviation Base, 1 September 2009<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/764th_Fighter_Aviation_Regiment" title="764th Fighter Aviation Regiment">764th Fighter Aviation Regiment</a> – MiG-31, MiG-25PU – <a href="/wiki/Bolshoye_Savino_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolshoye Savino Airport">Bolshoye Savino Airport</a> (Sokol)<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=8th_Special_Purpose_Aviation_Division&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="8th Special Purpose Aviation Division (page does not exist)">8th Special Purpose Aviation Division</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chkalovsky_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Chkalovsky Airport">Chkalovsky Airport</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_63-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>353rd Special Purpose Aviation Regiment— <a href="/wiki/Chkalovsky_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Chkalovsky Airport">Chkalovsky Airport</a> — Il-18, Il-76, Аn-12, Аn-72, Тu-134, Тu-154.</li> <li>354th Special Purpose Aviation Regiment— <a href="/wiki/Chkalovsky_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Chkalovsky Airport">Chkalovsky Airport</a> — Il-18, Il-76, Аn-12, Аn-72, Тu-134, Тu-154.</li> <li>206th Special Purpose Aviation Base — <a href="/wiki/Chkalovsky_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Chkalovsky Airport">Chkalovsky Airport</a> — Mi-8 helicopters.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/223rd_Flight_Unit" class="mw-redirect" title="223rd Flight Unit">223rd Flight Unit</a> – commercial transport – <a href="/wiki/Chkalovsky_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Chkalovsky Airport">Chkalovsky Airport</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ilyushin_Il-62" title="Ilyushin Il-62">Il-62M</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ilyushin_Il-76" title="Ilyushin Il-76">Il-76MD</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-134" title="Tupolev Tu-134">Tu-134A-3</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-154B-2" class="mw-redirect" title="Tupolev Tu-154B-2">Tupolev Tu-154B-2</a></li></ul></li> <li>2457th Air Base of Long Range Radiolocation Detection Aircraft – <a href="/wiki/Beriev_A-50" title="Beriev A-50">A-50</a>, A-50М – <a href="/wiki/Ivanovo_Severny" class="mw-redirect" title="Ivanovo Severny">Ivanovo Severny</a><sup id="cite_ref-:0_63-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/929th_State_Flight_Test_Centre_named_for_V._P._Chkalov" title="929th State Flight Test Centre named for V. P. Chkalov">929th State Flight Test Centre named for V. P. Chkalov</a> (<a href="/wiki/Akhtubinsk" title="Akhtubinsk">Akhtubinsk</a>) <ul><li>1338th Test Centre – <a href="/wiki/Chkalovsky_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Chkalovsky Airport">Chkalovsky Airport</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ilyushin_Il-22" title="Ilyushin Il-22">Ilyushin Il-22</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ilyushin_Il-80" title="Ilyushin Il-80">Ilyushin Il-80</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Beriev_A-50" title="Beriev A-50">Il-82</a></li> <li>High-altitude mountain Center for Air Materiel and Weapons Research – <a href="/wiki/Nalchik" title="Nalchik">Nalchik</a></li> <li>368th Detached Composite Aviation Squadron (An-12)</li> <li>13th Aeronautic Test Facility – <a href="/wiki/Volsk" title="Volsk">Volsk</a> – air balloons</li> <li>267th Center of Test Pilots Training – <a href="/wiki/Akhtubinsk" title="Akhtubinsk">Akhtubinsk</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_Centre_for_Combat_Employment_and_Retraining_of_Personnel" title="4th Centre for Combat Employment and Retraining of Personnel">4th Centre for Combat Employment and Retraining of Personnel</a> – <a href="/wiki/Lipetsk_Air_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Lipetsk Air Base">Lipetsk Air Base</a></li> <li>968th Sevastopol Composite Training and Research Aviation Regiment, <a href="/wiki/Lipetsk_Air_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Lipetsk Air Base">Lipetsk Air Base</a>, fighter jets <a href="/wiki/Mikoyan_MiG-29" title="Mikoyan MiG-29">MiG-29</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-27" title="Sukhoi Su-27">Su-27</a>, Su-27M, <a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-30" title="Sukhoi Su-30">Su-30</a>, bombers <a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-24" title="Sukhoi Su-24">Su-24M</a>, Su-24M2, <a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-34" title="Sukhoi Su-34">Su-34</a>, reconnaissance plane Su-24MP, jammer Su-24MP, strike-fighter <a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-25" title="Sukhoi Su-25">Su-25</a>, Su-25T, Su-25SM</li> <li><a href="/wiki/54th_Guards_Fighter_Aviation_Regiment" title="54th Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment">3958th Guards Kerch Aviation Base</a>, <a href="/wiki/Savasleyka_(air_base)" class="mw-redirect" title="Savasleyka (air base)">Savasleyka</a>, Nizhegorod Oblast, MiG-31.</li> <li>185th Centre for Combat Training and Flight Personnel Training – <a href="/wiki/Astrakhan" title="Astrakhan">Astrakhan</a> <ul><li>116th Training center operational use — Аstrakhan — <a href="/wiki/MiG-23" class="mw-redirect" title="MiG-23">MiG-23</a>, <a href="/wiki/MiG-29" class="mw-redirect" title="MiG-29">MiG-29</a></li> <li>42nd Training center operational use — Ashuluk — <a href="/wiki/Surface-to-air_missile" title="Surface-to-air missile">SAM</a> and targets.</li></ul></li> <li>344th Centre for Combat Training and Flight Personnel Training – <a href="/wiki/Torzhok" title="Torzhok">Torzhok</a> (ground forces helicopters) (<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/344_%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BB%D1%91%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8" class="extiw" title="ru:344 Центр боевой подготовки и переучивания лётного состава армейской авиации">ru:344 Центр боевой подготовки и переучивания лётного состава армейской авиации</a>) <ul><li>696th Research and Instruction Helicopter Regiment (Torzhok)(<a href="/wiki/Ka-50" class="mw-redirect" title="Ka-50">Ka-50</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-8" title="Mil Mi-8">Mi-8</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mi-24" class="mw-redirect" title="Mi-24">Mi-24</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mi-26" class="mw-redirect" title="Mi-26">Mi-26</a>, has used <a href="/wiki/Mi-28" class="mw-redirect" title="Mi-28">Mi-28</a>)</li> <li>92nd Research and Instruction Helicopter Squadron (Sokol-Vladimir (Ruwiki says Klin)) (Mi-8, Mi-24)</li></ul></li> <li>924th Centre for Combat Training and Flight Personnel Training – <a href="/wiki/Yegoryevsk" title="Yegoryevsk">Yegoryevsk</a> Base UAV. <ul><li>275th Separate research and UAV squadron instructors(Unmanned Aerial Vehicles), <a href="/wiki/Yegoryevsk" title="Yegoryevsk">Yegoryevsk</a>, Moscow Oblast. UAV Tu-143, <a href="/wiki/Yakovlev_Pchela" title="Yakovlev Pchela">Yakovlev Pchela</a>-1T, IAI Searcher 2 .</li></ul></li> <li>Russian State Scientific-Research Institute Centre for Cosmonaut Training – Zvezdnyi Goronok</li> <li>70th Separate test and training Aviation Regiment Special Purpose — Chkalovski — <a href="/wiki/Il-76" class="mw-redirect" title="Il-76">Il-76</a> and other.</li> <li>2881st Reserve Helicopter Base – <a href="/wiki/Totskoye_(air_base)" class="mw-redirect" title="Totskoye (air base)">Totskoye</a> – <a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-24" title="Mil Mi-24">Mi-24</a>P</li> <li>5th Independent Long-Range Reconnaissance Aviation Detachment – Voronezh (<a href="/wiki/Treaty_on_Conventional_Armed_Forces_in_Europe" title="Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe">CFE</a> and <a href="/wiki/Intermediate-Range_Nuclear_Forces_Treaty" title="Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty">INF</a> verification)</li> <li>185th Centre for Combat Training and Flight Personnel Training – <a href="/wiki/Astrakhan" title="Astrakhan">Astrakhan</a></li> <li>118th Independent Helicopter Squadron – <a href="/wiki/Chebenki_(air_base)" title="Chebenki (air base)">Chebenki</a> (Dmitriyevka), <a href="/wiki/Orenburg_Oblast" title="Orenburg Oblast">Orenburg Oblast</a></li> <li>4020th Base for Reserve Aircraft – Lipetsk</li> <li>4215th Base for Reserve Aircraft – <a href="/wiki/Chebenki_(air_base)" title="Chebenki (air base)">Chebenki</a></li> <li>15th Army Aviation Brigade of the <a href="/wiki/Western_Military_District" title="Western Military District">Western Military District</a> at the airport <a href="/wiki/Ostrov,_Ostrovsky_District,_Pskov_Oblast" title="Ostrov, Ostrovsky District, Pskov Oblast">Ostrov, Pskov Oblast</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Warehouses,_Storage_and_Maintenance_Depots,_Aircraft_Repair_Plants"><span id="Warehouses.2C_Storage_and_Maintenance_Depots.2C_Aircraft_Repair_Plants"></span>Warehouses, Storage and Maintenance Depots, Aircraft Repair Plants</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Air_Force&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Warehouses, Storage and Maintenance Depots, Aircraft Repair Plants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8" class="extiw" title="ru:Список авиационных заводов России">ru:Список_авиационных_заводов_России</a></div><p> (Russian: List of Aircraft Factories in Russia) </p><ul><li>Central Aviation Base of Rocket Armament and Ammunition, <a href="/wiki/Sergiyev_Posad" title="Sergiyev Posad">Sergiyev Posad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Oblast" title="Moscow Oblast">Moscow Oblast</a></li> <li>Aviation Warehouse of Rocket Armament and Ammunition, <a href="/wiki/Yoshkar-Ola" title="Yoshkar-Ola">Yoshkar-Ola</a></li> <li>Supply and Storage Depot of Air Defense Rocket Armament, <a href="/wiki/Serpukhov" title="Serpukhov">Serpukhov</a>, Moscow Oblast</li> <li>Storage and Maintenance Depot of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, <a href="/wiki/Yaroslavl" title="Yaroslavl">Yaroslavl</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tunoshna_Airport" title="Tunoshna Airport">Tunoshna</a>)</li> <li>502nd Military Equipment Maintenance Plant, Fryazevo (<a href="/wiki/Noginsk" title="Noginsk">Noginsk</a>-5)</li> <li>1015th Military Equipment Maintenance Plant, <a href="/wiki/Nizhniye_Sergi" title="Nizhniye Sergi">Nizhniye Sergi</a>-3, <a href="/wiki/Sverdlovsk_Oblast" title="Sverdlovsk Oblast">Sverdlovsk Oblast</a></li> <li>1019th Military Equipment Maintenance Plant, <a href="/wiki/Onokhoy" title="Onokhoy">Onokhoy</a>-2, <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Buryatia" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Buryatia">Buryat Republic</a></li> <li>1253rd Central Radar Armament Maintenance Base, <a href="/wiki/Samara,_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Samara, Russia">Samara</a>-28</li> <li>2227th Armament Maintenance and Storage Base, <a href="/wiki/Trudovaya" title="Trudovaya">Trudovaya</a>, Moscow Oblast</li> <li>2503rd Central Base of Automated Control Systems Maintenance, <a href="/wiki/Yanino-1" title="Yanino-1">Yanino-1</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leningrad_Oblast" title="Leningrad Oblast">Leningrad Oblast</a></li> <li>2529th Central Base of Armament Maintenance, <a href="/wiki/Khabarovsk" title="Khabarovsk">Khabarovsk</a></li> <li>2633rd Base of Armament Maintenance and Storage, <a href="/wiki/Lyubertsy" title="Lyubertsy">Lyubertsy</a>, Moscow Oblast</li> <li>3821st Base of Armament Maintenance and Storage, <a href="/wiki/Tosno" title="Tosno">Tosno</a>, Leningrad Oblast</li> <li>20th Aircraft Overhaul Plant, Pushkin-3 (<small>not an inhabited locality, or name is misspelled</small>), Leningrad Oblast</li> <li>150th Aircraft Overhaul Plant, <a href="/wiki/Lyublino,_Kaliningrad_Oblast" title="Lyublino, Kaliningrad Oblast">Lyublino</a>-Novoye, <a href="/wiki/Kaliningrad_Oblast" title="Kaliningrad Oblast">Kaliningrad Oblast</a></li> <li>419th Aircraft Overhaul Plant, <a href="/wiki/Gorelovo_(air_base)" title="Gorelovo (air base)">Gorelovo</a>, Leningrad Oblast</li> <li>695th Aircraft Overhaul Plant (Factory), <a href="/wiki/Aramil" title="Aramil">Aramil</a>, Sverdlovsk Oblast</li> <li>99th Air-Technical Equipment Plant, Ostafyevo (<a href="/wiki/Shcherbinka" title="Shcherbinka">Shcherbinka</a>), Moscow Oblast</li> <li>5212nd Testing and Control (Docking?) Station, <a href="/wiki/Znamensk,_Astrakhan_Oblast" title="Znamensk, Astrakhan Oblast">Znamensk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Astrakhan_Oblast" title="Astrakhan Oblast">Astrakhan Oblast</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Training_and_Research_Organisations">Training and Research Organisations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Air_Force&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Training and Research Organisations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>2nd Central Scientific-Research Institute — <a href="/wiki/Tver" title="Tver">Tver</a></li> <li>13th State Scientific Research Institute "ERAT" Luberchi, Moscow Oblast</li> <li>30th Central Scientific-Research Institute (ЦНИИ АКТ) — Shelkovo, also includes research institutes in Noginsk.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gagarin_Air_Force_Academy" title="Gagarin Air Force Academy">Gagarin Military Air Academy</a> (VVA) — <a href="/wiki/Monino" title="Monino">Monino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhukovsky_Air_Force_Engineering_Academy" title="Zhukovsky Air Force Engineering Academy">Zhukovsky Air Force Engineering Academy</a> — <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></li> <li>Zhukov Command Academy of Air Defense — <a href="/wiki/Tver" title="Tver">Tver</a> ( branch in the <a href="/wiki/St._Petersburg" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Petersburg">St. Petersburg</a> )</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaroslavl_Higher_Military_School_of_Anti-Aircraft_Warfare" title="Yaroslavl Higher Military School of Anti-Aircraft Warfare">Yaroslavl Anti-aircraft Missile Defence Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelyabinsk_Red_Banner_Military_Aviation_Institute_of_Navigators" title="Chelyabinsk Red Banner Military Aviation Institute of Navigators">Chelyabinsk Red Banner Military Aviation Institute of Navigators</a> <ul><li>604th Training Aviation Regiment — <a href="/wiki/Chelyabinsk_Shagol_Airport" title="Chelyabinsk Shagol Airport">Chelyabinsk Shagol Airport</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voronezh_Central_Military_Aviation_Engineering_University&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voronezh Central Military Aviation Engineering University (page does not exist)">Voronezh Central Military Aviation Engineering University</a> (VCMAEU) <ul><li>Both the Irkutsk Military Aviation Engineering Institute and the Tambov Military Aviation Engineering Institute were disbanded in 2009 and transferred to VCMAEU.</li></ul></li> <li>Krasnodar Military Aviation Institute (L-39Cs); by 2016, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Krasnodar_Higher_Military_Aviation_Pilots_College&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Krasnodar Higher Military Aviation Pilots College (page does not exist)">Krasnodar Higher Military Aviation Pilots College</a> Named for Hero of the Soviet Union A.K. Serov<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>704th Training Aviation Regiment — <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE_(%D0%B0%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Котельниково (аэродром) (page does not exist)">Котельниково</a> — <a href="/wiki/Aero_L-39_Albatros" title="Aero L-39 Albatros">L-39</a></li> <li>627th Training Aviation Regiment — <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA_(%D0%B0%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тихорецк (аэродром) (page does not exist)">Тихорецк</a> — <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B-39&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Л-39 (page does not exist)">Л-39</a></li> <li>797th Training Aviation Regiment — <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_(%D0%B0%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кущевская (аэродром) (page does not exist)">Кущевская</a> — <a href="/wiki/Aero_L-39_Albatros" title="Aero L-39 Albatros">L-39</a>, <a href="/wiki/Su-25" class="mw-redirect" title="Su-25">Su-25</a>, <a href="/wiki/Su-27" class="mw-redirect" title="Su-27">Su-27</a>, <a href="/wiki/MiG-29" class="mw-redirect" title="MiG-29">MiG-29</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syzran_Higher_Military_Aviation_School" title="Syzran Higher Military Aviation School">Syzran Military Aviation Institute</a> (Mi-2, Mi-8T and Mi-24V, <a href="/wiki/Kazan_Ansat" title="Kazan Ansat">Ansat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kamov_Ka-226" title="Kamov Ka-226">Ka-226</a>T<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>131st Training Aviation Regiment — <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saratov-Sokol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saratov-Sokol (page does not exist)">Saratov-Sokol</a> — <a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-2" title="Mil Mi-2">Mi-2</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-8" title="Mil Mi-8">Mi-8</a></li> <li>484th Training Helicopter Regiment — <a href="/wiki/Syzran" title="Syzran">Syzran</a> airfield — <a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-24" title="Mil Mi-24">Mi-24</a></li> <li>626th Training Helicopter Regiment — <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%B2_(%D0%B0%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пугачев (аэродром) (page does not exist)">Pugachev</a> — <a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-2" title="Mil Mi-2">Mi-2</a>, Mi-8, Mi-24</li> <li>Branch in <a href="/wiki/Kirov,_Kirov_Oblast" title="Kirov, Kirov Oblast">Kirov, Kirov Oblast</a></li></ul></li> <li>783rd Training Centre (<a href="/wiki/Armavir,_Russia" title="Armavir, Russia">Armavir</a>) (MiG-29, L-39C) <ul><li>713th Training Aviation Regiment — <a href="/wiki/Armavir_(air_base)" class="mw-redirect" title="Armavir (air base)">Armavir</a> — <a href="/wiki/Aero_L-39_Albatros" title="Aero L-39 Albatros">L-39</a>, <a href="/wiki/MiG-29" class="mw-redirect" title="MiG-29">MiG-29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/761st_Training_Aviation_Regiment" title="761st Training Aviation Regiment">761st Training Aviation Regiment</a> — <a href="/wiki/Khanskaya_(air_base)" title="Khanskaya (air base)">Khanskaya</a> — <a href="/wiki/Aero_L-39_Albatros" title="Aero L-39 Albatros">L-39</a></li></ul></li> <li>786th Training Centre (<a href="/wiki/Borisoglebsk_(air_base)" class="mw-redirect" title="Borisoglebsk (air base)">Borisoglebsk</a>): <ul><li>160th Training Aviation Regiment — <a href="/wiki/Borisoglebsk_(air_base)" class="mw-redirect" title="Borisoglebsk (air base)">Borisoglebsk</a> — <a href="/wiki/Su-27" class="mw-redirect" title="Su-27">Su-27</a></li> <li>644th Training Aviation Regiment — <a href="/wiki/Michurinsk_(air_base)" title="Michurinsk (air base)">Michurinsk</a> — <a href="/wiki/Aero_L-39_Albatros" title="Aero L-39 Albatros">L-39</a>, <a href="/wiki/Su-24" class="mw-redirect" title="Su-24">Su-24</a>, <a href="/wiki/Su-25" class="mw-redirect" title="Su-25">Su-25</a>, <a href="/wiki/MiG-29" class="mw-redirect" title="MiG-29">MiG-29</a></li></ul></li> <li>705th Training Aviation Center for Training Flight Crews and Long-Range military transport aircraft – <a href="/wiki/Balashov_(air_base)" class="mw-redirect" title="Balashov (air base)">Balashov</a>: <ul><li>606th Training Aviation Regiment – Balashov</li> <li>666th Training Aviation Regiment – <a href="/wiki/Rtishchevo_(air_base)" title="Rtishchevo (air base)">Rtishchevo</a></li></ul></li> <li>Center for anti-aircraft missile troops, Uchhoz (Gatchina-3), the Leningrad Region. Chief – Colonel Alexander Dobrovolsky.</li> <li>357th Training Center, Belgorod. Chief – Colonel Viktor Baranov.</li> <li>834th Centre for Signal Corps Radio and ensure Novgorod. Chief – Colonel Vasily Fedosov.</li> <li>874th training center (settlement) of radio engineering troops, Vladimir. Chief – Colonel Yuri Balaban.</li> <li>902nd Training Center (settlement) of anti-aircraft missile troops Kosterevo-1, <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Oblast" title="Vladimir Oblast">Vladimir Oblast</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Medical_and_athletic_facilities">Medical and athletic facilities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Air_Force&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Medical and athletic facilities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>State Research Institute of Aviation and Space Medicine, Moscow. Chief – Major-General Igor Ushakov.</li> <li>5th Central Military Research Aviation Hospital, Krasnogorsk-3, Moscow Region.</li> <li>7th Central Military Research Aviation Hospital, Moscow.</li> <li>Spa Air Force, Chemitokvadzhe, Krasnodar Krai. Chief – Colonel Theodore Barantsev.</li> <li>Central Sports Club VVS Samara. Chief – Colonel Dmitry Shlyahtin.</li> <li>361st Center of Psychophysiological Training of personnel, Agha, Krasnodar region.</li> <li>709th Center of Psychophysiological Training of personnel, Anapa (now Dzhubga), Krasnodar region.</li> <li>464th Training Center for Physical Culture and Sports, Ufa, Bashkortostan.</li></ul> <p>The <a href="/wiki/List_of_Soviet_Air_Force_bases" title="List of Soviet Air Force bases">list of Soviet Air Force bases</a> shows a number that are still active with the Russian Air Force. </p><p>With the Air Force now fusing into one joint service branch the personnel from the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Aerospace_Defence_Forces" title="Russian Aerospace Defence Forces">Russian Aerospace Defence Forces</a> and their respective facilities, the following now report to the Aerospace Forces HQ: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Space_Command" title="Russian Space Command">Space Command</a> (Russian: <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Космическое командование (KK)</span></span>): <ul><li>153rd <a href="/wiki/Titov_Main_Test_and_Space_Systems_Control_Centre" title="Titov Main Test and Space Systems Control Centre">Main Trial Centre for Testing and Control of Space Means named after G.S. Titov</a> at <a href="/wiki/Krasnoznamensk,_Moscow_Oblast" title="Krasnoznamensk, Moscow Oblast">Krasnoznamensk</a> (Russian: <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Главный испытательный центр испытаний и управления космическими средствами имени Германа Титова</span></span>)</li> <li>820th <a href="/wiki/Main_Centre_for_Missile_Attack_Warning" title="Main Centre for Missile Attack Warning">Main Centre for Missile Attack Warning</a> (SPRN) (Russian: <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">центр предупреждения о ракетном нападении (цпрн)</span></span>) in <a href="/wiki/Solnechnogorsk" title="Solnechnogorsk">Solnechnogorsk</a></li> <li>821st <a href="/wiki/Main_Space_Intelligence_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Main Space Intelligence Centre">Main Space Surveillance Centre</a> (SKKP) (Russian: <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">центр контроля космического пространства (цккп)</span></span>) in <a href="/wiki/Noginsk" title="Noginsk">Noginsk</a>-9, Moscow Oblast</li></ul></li></ul> <p>Early warning of missile attack: </p> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Voronezh_radar" title="Voronezh radar">Voronezh radar</a> at <a href="/wiki/Lekhtusi_Radar_Station" title="Lekhtusi Radar Station">Lekhtusi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Armavir_Radar_Station" title="Armavir Radar Station">Armavir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pionersky_Radar_Station" title="Pionersky Radar Station">Kaliningrad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mishelevka_Radar_Station" title="Mishelevka Radar Station">Mileshevka</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ust-Kem_Radar_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ust-Kem Radar Station (page does not exist)">Yeniseysk</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Barnaul_Radar_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barnaul Radar Station (page does not exist)">Barnaul</a><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Daryal_radar" title="Daryal radar">Daryal radar</a> at <a href="/wiki/Pechora_Radar_Station" title="Pechora Radar Station">Pechora</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Hantsavichy_Radar_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Hantsavichy Radar Station">Volga radar</a> at <a href="/wiki/Hantsavichy_Radar_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Hantsavichy Radar Station">Hantsavichy</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Dnestr_radar" title="Dnestr radar">Dnepr radar</a> at <a href="/wiki/Balkhash_Radar_Station" title="Balkhash Radar Station">Balkhash</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mishelevka_Radar_Station" title="Mishelevka Radar Station">Irkutsk</a> and <a href="/wiki/Olenegorsk_Radar_Station" title="Olenegorsk Radar Station">Olenegorsk</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Oko" title="Oko">Oko</a> early warning satellites</dd></dl> <p>Space surveillance: </p> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Okno" title="Okno">Okno</a> in Tajikistan</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Krona_space_object_recognition_station" title="Krona space object recognition station">Krona</a> in Zelenchukskaya and Nakhodka</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/RT-70" title="RT-70">RT-70</a> in <a href="/wiki/Yevpatoria_RT-70_radio_telescope" title="Yevpatoria RT-70 radio telescope">Yevpatoria</a> (since <a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">its annexation by the Russian Federation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crimea" title="Crimea">Crimea</a>'s status, and thus that of the city of Yevpatoria which is located on Crimea, is <a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Crimea" title="Political status of Crimea">under dispute between Russia and Ukraine</a>; Ukraine and the majority of the international community considers Crimea and Yevpatoria an integral part of Ukraine, while Russia, on the other hand, considers Crimea and Yevpatoria an integral part of Russia<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) and <a href="/wiki/Galenki_RT-70_radio_telescope" title="Galenki RT-70 radio telescope">Galenki</a> (together with Roscosmos)</dd></dl> <p>Missile defense: </p> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/A-135_anti-ballistic_missile_system" title="A-135 anti-ballistic missile system">A-135 anti-ballistic missile system</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Don-2N_radar" title="Don-2N radar">Don-2N radar</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/A-235_anti-ballistic_missile_system" title="A-235 anti-ballistic missile system">A-235 anti-ballistic missile system</a> (future; after 2020)</dd></dl> <p>Satellite systems: </p> <dl><dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spaceprogramm_Liana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spaceprogramm Liana (page does not exist)">Liana</a> space reconnaissance and target designation system (3 electronic reconnaissance satellites 14F145 "Lotus-C1")<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <ul><li>Air and Space Defence Command (Russian: <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Командование противовоздушной и противоракетной обороны (К ПВО И ПРО)</span></span>): <ul><li>9th Missile Defence Division (<a href="/wiki/A-135_anti-ballistic_missile_system" title="A-135 anti-ballistic missile system">A-135 anti-ballistic missile system</a>) in <a href="/wiki/Pushkino,_Moscow_Oblast" class="mw-redirect" title="Pushkino, Moscow Oblast">Pushkino</a><sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>4th Missile Defence Brigade in <a href="/wiki/Dolgoprudny" title="Dolgoprudny">Dolgoprudny</a></li> <li>5th Missile Defence Brigade in <a href="/wiki/Vidny" title="Vidny">Vidnoye</a></li> <li>6th Missile Defence Brigade in <a href="/wiki/Rzhev" title="Rzhev">Rzhev</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plesetsk_Cosmodrome" title="Plesetsk Cosmodrome">State Testing Plesetsk Cosmodrome</a> (Russian: <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Государственный испытательный космодром «Плесецк» (ГИК «Плесецк»)</span></span>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kura_Missile_Test_Range" title="Kura Missile Test Range">Kura Test Range</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Squadrons">Squadrons</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Air_Force&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Squadrons"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of 2014:<sup id="cite_ref-IISS2014_p186_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IISS2014_p186-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>8 × <b>Bomber</b> squadrons (4 operating Tu-22M3/MR; 3 operating Tu-95MS; 1 operating <a href="/wiki/Tu-160" class="mw-redirect" title="Tu-160">Tu-160</a>)</li> <li>37 × <b>Fighter</b> squadrons (8 operating MiG-29; 3 operating MiG-29SMT; 11 operating MiG-31/MiG-31BM; 10 operating Su-27; 4 operating Su-27SM1/Su-30M2; 1 operating Su-27SM3/Su-30M2)</li> <li>27 × <b>Attack</b> squadrons (11 operating the Su-24M/Su-24M2; 13 operating Su-25/Su-25SM; 3 operating Su-34)</li> <li>10 × <b>Attack & Reconnaissance</b> squadrons (1 operating Su-24M/MR; 8 operating Su-24MR; 1 operating Mig-25RB)</li> <li>1 × <b>AEW&C</b> squadron (1 operating A-50/A50-U)</li> <li>1 × <b>Tanker</b> squadron (1 operating Il-78/Il-78M)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Equipment">Equipment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Air_Force&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Equipment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_active_Russian_military_aircraft" title="List of active Russian military aircraft">List of active Russian military aircraft</a></div> <p>The precise quantitative and qualitative composition of the VVS is unknown and figures include both serviceable and unserviceable aircraft as well as those placed into storage or sitting in reserve. <i><a href="/wiki/FlightGlobal" title="FlightGlobal">FlightGlobal</a></i> estimated that there were about 3,947 aircraft in inventory in 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the Russian Defense Ministry, the share of modern armament in the VVS had reached about 35% during 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The figure was raised to 66% by late 2016<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and to 72% by late 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the Russian Ministry of Defense, the Russian Air Force received in 2023 more than 100 new and repaired aircraft and 150 helicopters.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Estimates provided by the IISS show that VVS combat pilots average 60 to 100 flight hours per year and pilots flying transport aircraft average 120 flight hours per year.<sup id="cite_ref-IISS2014_p186_72-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IISS2014_p186-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Radars">Radars</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Air_Force&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Radars"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The VVS operates several Nebo-M radars, that combine meter, decimeter, and centimeter range. First two Nebo-M regiments were deployed in 2017 to Saint Petersburg and Kareliya.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2018, further two regiments were deployed to Crimea<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Penza.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2019, a regiment was delivered to Volga region.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2020, two regiments were deployed to the Far East and Naryan Mar.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Additionally, the VVS operates radars that work in meter range only. Such systems are Nebo-UM (first units were delivered in 2018 to Voronezh<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Novosibirsk,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> and in 2020 to Rostov-on-Don<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) as well as Rezonans-NE radars that have been constructed in the Arctic in Zapolyarniy, Indiga, Shoyna and Nova Zemlya, with another in Gremikha under construction.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ranks_and_insignia">Ranks and insignia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Air_Force&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Ranks and insignia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Air_Force_ranks_and_insignia_of_the_Russian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Force ranks and insignia of the Russian Federation">Air Force ranks and insignia of the Russian Federation</a></div> <p>The VVS inherited the ranks of the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>, although the insignia and uniform were slightly altered and the old <a href="/wiki/Tsarist_autocracy" title="Tsarist autocracy">Tsarist</a> crown and <a href="/wiki/Double-headed_eagle" title="Double-headed eagle">double-headed eagle</a> were re-introduced. The VVS uses the same rank structure as the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Ground_Forces" title="Russian Ground Forces">Russian Ground Forces</a>. </p> <table style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin:0 12px 12px 0;"> <tbody><tr style="background-color:#CCCCCC; width: 100%"> <th>Rank group </th> <th colspan="10">General/Flag/Air officers </th> <th colspan="6">Senior officers </th> <th colspan="8">Junior officers </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td rowspan="2"><b><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg.png 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Russia-Airforce-OF-1c-2010.svg/50px-Russia-Airforce-OF-1c-2010.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Russia-Airforce-OF-1c-2010.svg/75px-Russia-Airforce-OF-1c-2010.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Russia-Airforce-OF-1c-2010.svg/100px-Russia-Airforce-OF-1c-2010.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="138" data-file-height="356" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Russia-Airforce-OF-1b-2010.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Russia-Airforce-OF-1b-2010.svg/50px-Russia-Airforce-OF-1b-2010.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Russia-Airforce-OF-1b-2010.svg/75px-Russia-Airforce-OF-1b-2010.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Russia-Airforce-OF-1b-2010.svg/100px-Russia-Airforce-OF-1b-2010.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="138" data-file-height="356" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Russia-Airforce-OF-1a-2010.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Russia-Airforce-OF-1a-2010.svg/50px-Russia-Airforce-OF-1a-2010.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Russia-Airforce-OF-1a-2010.svg/75px-Russia-Airforce-OF-1a-2010.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Russia-Airforce-OF-1a-2010.svg/100px-Russia-Airforce-OF-1a-2010.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="138" data-file-height="356" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td colspan="2"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Генера́л а́рмии</span></span><br /><span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Army_general_(Russia)" title="Army general (Russia)">Generál ármii</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Генера́л-полко́вник</span></span><br /><span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Colonel_general#Russia" title="Colonel general">Generál-polkóvnik</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Генера́л-лейтена́нт</span></span><br /><span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_general" title="Lieutenant general">Generál-leytenánt</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Генера́л-майо́р</span></span><br /><span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Major_general#Russia" title="Major general">Generál-mayór</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Полко́вник</span></span><br /><span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Colonel_(Eastern_Europe)" class="mw-redirect" title="Colonel (Eastern Europe)">Polkóvnik</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Подполко́вник</span></span><br /><span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_colonel_(Eastern_Europe)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant colonel (Eastern Europe)">Podpolkóvnik</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Майо́р</span></span><br /><span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Major_(rank)" title="Major (rank)">Majór</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Kапита́н</span></span><br /><span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Kapitan_(rank)#Russia" title="Kapitan (rank)">Kapitán</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Старший лейтена́нт</span></span><br /><span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Senior_lieutenant#Russia" title="Senior lieutenant">Stárshiy leytenánt</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Лейтенант</span></span><br /><span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant#Russia" title="Lieutenant">Leytenant</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Mла́дший лейтена́нт</span></span><br /><span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant#Russia" title="Lieutenant">Mládshiy leytenánt</a></i></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin:0 12px 12px 0;"> <tbody><tr style="color:inherit; background-color:#CCCCCC; text-align:center; width: 100%"> <th>Rank group </th> <th colspan="22">Senior NCOs </th> <th colspan="6">Junior NCOs </th> <th colspan="8">Enlisted </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td rowspan="2"><b><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Russian_Aerospace_Forces" title="Russian Aerospace Forces">Russian Aerospace Forces</a></b><sup id="cite_ref-Russia_Army&AirForce_90-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Russia_Army&AirForce-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul class="navbar-brackets"><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ranks_and_Insignia_of_Non_NATO_Air_Forces/OR/Russia" title="Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Air Forces/OR/Russia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ranks_and_Insignia_of_Non_NATO_Air_Forces/OR/Russia" title="Template talk:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Air Forces/OR/Russia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ranks_and_Insignia_of_Non_NATO_Air_Forces/OR/Russia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Air Forces/OR/Russia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div> </td> <td colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Russia-Airforce-OR-9b-2010.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Russia-Airforce-OR-9b-2010.svg/50px-Russia-Airforce-OR-9b-2010.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Russia-Airforce-OR-9b-2010.svg/75px-Russia-Airforce-OR-9b-2010.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Russia-Airforce-OR-9b-2010.svg/100px-Russia-Airforce-OR-9b-2010.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="138" data-file-height="356" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Russia-Airforce-OR-9a-2010.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Russia-Airforce-OR-9a-2010.svg/50px-Russia-Airforce-OR-9a-2010.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Russia-Airforce-OR-9a-2010.svg/75px-Russia-Airforce-OR-9a-2010.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Russia-Airforce-OR-9a-2010.svg/100px-Russia-Airforce-OR-9a-2010.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="138" data-file-height="356" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Russia-Airforce-OR-8-2010.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Russia-Airforce-OR-8-2010.svg/50px-Russia-Airforce-OR-8-2010.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Russia-Airforce-OR-8-2010.svg/75px-Russia-Airforce-OR-8-2010.svg.png 1.5x, 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Russia-Airforce-OR-5-2010.svg/50px-Russia-Airforce-OR-5-2010.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Russia-Airforce-OR-5-2010.svg/75px-Russia-Airforce-OR-5-2010.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Russia-Airforce-OR-5-2010.svg/100px-Russia-Airforce-OR-5-2010.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="138" data-file-height="356" /></a></span> </td> <td colspan="6"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Russia-Airforce-OR-4-2010.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Russia-Airforce-OR-4-2010.svg/50px-Russia-Airforce-OR-4-2010.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Russia-Airforce-OR-4-2010.svg/75px-Russia-Airforce-OR-4-2010.svg.png 1.5x, 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Russia-Airforce-OR-1-2010.svg/50px-Russia-Airforce-OR-1-2010.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Russia-Airforce-OR-1-2010.svg/75px-Russia-Airforce-OR-1-2010.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Russia-Airforce-OR-1-2010.svg/100px-Russia-Airforce-OR-1-2010.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="138" data-file-height="356" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td colspan="3"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Ста́рший пра́порщик</span></span><br /><span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Starshy_praporshchik" title="Starshy praporshchik">Stárshiy práporshchik</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="3"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Пра́порщик</span></span><br /><span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Praporshchik" title="Praporshchik">Práporshchyk</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Старшина́</span></span><br /><span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Starshina" title="Starshina">Starshyná</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="2"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Ста́рший сержа́нт</span></span><br /><span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Sergeant#Russian_Federation" title="Sergeant">Stárshiy serzhánt</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="6"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Сержа́нт</span></span><br /><span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Sergeant#Russian_Federation" title="Sergeant">Serzhánt</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="6"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Мла́дший сержа́нт</span></span><br /><span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Junior_sergeant#Russia" title="Junior sergeant">Mládshiy serzhánt</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="4"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Ефре́йтор</span></span><br /><span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Yefreytor" class="mw-redirect" title="Yefreytor">Efréĭtor</a></i></span> </td> <td colspan="10"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Рядово́й</span></span><br /><span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Ryadovoy" title="Ryadovoy">Ryadovóy</a></i></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aircraft_procurement">Aircraft procurement</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Air_Force&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Aircraft procurement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Production of the <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_industry_of_Russia" title="Aircraft industry of Russia">Russian aerospace industry</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Russian Armed Forces">Russian Armed Forces</a>, '<i>by year of manufacture</i> (first flight): </p> <table class="wikitable nowrap"> <caption>Fixed-wing aircraft </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Type </th> <th>Prev. </th> <th>2010 </th> <th>2011 </th> <th>2012 </th> <th>2013 </th> <th>2014 </th> <th>2015 </th> <th>2016 </th> <th>2017 </th> <th>2018 </th> <th>2019 </th> <th>2020 </th> <th>2021 </th> <th>2022 </th> <th>Total </th> <th>Total ordered </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Antonov_An-140" title="Antonov An-140">An-140-100</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>2 </td> <td>3 </td> <td>2 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>1<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><b>9</b> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Antonov_An-148" title="Antonov An-148">An-148-100E</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>2 </td> <td>2 </td> <td>4 </td> <td> </td> <td>3 </td> <td>2 </td> <td>3 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><b>15</b> </td> <td>15 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Beriev_A-100" title="Beriev A-100">A-100</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1<sup id="cite_ref-A-100_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A-100-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><b>1</b> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Diamond_DA42" class="mw-redirect" title="Diamond DA42">Diamond DA42</a>T </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>35<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ilyushin_Il-76" title="Ilyushin Il-76">Il-76MD-90A</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><b>6</b><sup id="cite_ref-Il-76MD-90A_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Il-76MD-90A-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>27<sup id="cite_ref-Il-76MD-90A_96-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Il-76MD-90A-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Let_L-410_Turbolet" title="Let L-410 Turbolet">L-410UVP</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>3<sup id="cite_ref-L410Dec2017_97-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-L410Dec2017-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>18<sup id="cite_ref-L410Dec2017_97-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-L410Dec2017-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mikoyan_MiG-29K" title="Mikoyan MiG-29K">MiG-29KR/KUBR</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>2/2 </td> <td>8/2 </td> <td>10/0 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><b>20/4</b> </td> <td>24 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mikoyan_MiG-29M" title="Mikoyan MiG-29M">MiG29SMT/UBT</a> </td> <td>28/6 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>3/2 </td> <td>11/0 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><b>42/8</b> </td> <td>50 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mikoyan_MiG-35" title="Mikoyan MiG-35">MiG-35S/UB</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1S/1UB </td> <td>3S/1UB <sup id="cite_ref-bmpd.livejournal.com_98-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bmpd.livejournal.com-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>2 </td> <td> </td> <td><b>8</b> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-27" title="Sukhoi Su-27">Su-27SM3</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>4 </td> <td>8 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>4 </td> <td>6 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><b>22</b> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-30" title="Sukhoi Su-30">Su-30M2</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>2 </td> <td>2 </td> <td> </td> <td>3 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>3 </td> <td>2 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><b>20</b> </td> <td>20 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-30" title="Sukhoi Su-30">Su-30SM</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>2 </td> <td>14 </td> <td>21 </td> <td>27 </td> <td>21 </td> <td>17 </td> <td>14 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>4 </td> <td> </td> <td><b>120</b> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-34" title="Sukhoi Su-34">Su-34</a> </td> <td>3 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>14 </td> <td>18 </td> <td>18 </td> <td>16 </td> <td>16 </td> <td>12 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>4 <sup id="cite_ref-bmpd.livejournal.com_98-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bmpd.livejournal.com-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>6 <sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td><b>135</b> </td> <td>157 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-35" title="Sukhoi Su-35">Su-35S</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>2 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>24 </td> <td>12 </td> <td>12 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>10 <sup id="cite_ref-bmpd.livejournal.com_98-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bmpd.livejournal.com-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>10 <sup id="cite_ref-bmpd.livejournal.com_98-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bmpd.livejournal.com-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>3<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td><b>103</b> </td> <td>128 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-57" title="Sukhoi Su-57">Su-57</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1 </td> <td>2 </td> <td>2<sup id="cite_ref-avia.pro_101-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-avia.pro-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><b>5</b><sup id="cite_ref-tass.ru_102-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tass.ru-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>78 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-154" title="Tupolev Tu-154">Tu-154M</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>2 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><b>2</b> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-204" title="Tupolev Tu-204">Tu-214R/ON/PU-SBUS</a> </td> <td>1/0/0 </td> <td> </td> <td>0/1/0 </td> <td> </td> <td>0/1/0 </td> <td>1/0/0 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>0/0/2<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><b>2/2/2</b> </td> <td>6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Yakovlev_Yak-130" title="Yakovlev Yak-130">Yak-130</a> </td> <td>3 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>3 </td> <td>15 </td> <td>18 </td> <td>20 </td> <td>14 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>14 </td> <td> </td> <td>4 <sup id="cite_ref-bmpd.livejournal.com_98-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bmpd.livejournal.com-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>2 <sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td><b>115</b> </td> <td>138 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Total</b> </td> <td>41 </td> <td>16 </td> <td>20 </td> <td>36 </td> <td>67 </td> <td>109 </td> <td>89 </td> <td>76 </td> <td>56 </td> <td>57 </td> <td>20 </td> <td>23 </td> <td>19 </td> <td> </td> <td><b>629</b> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="15"><small>Sources:</small> <sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable nowrap"> <caption>Helicopters </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Type </th> <th>Prev. </th> <th>2010 </th> <th>2011 </th> <th>2012 </th> <th>2013 </th> <th>2014 </th> <th>2015 </th> <th>2016 </th> <th>2017 </th> <th>2018 </th> <th>2019 </th> <th>2020 </th> <th>Total </th> <th>Total ordered </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kazan_Ansat" title="Kazan Ansat">Ansat-U</a> </td> <td>6 </td> <td>2 </td> <td>5 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>3 </td> <td>10<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><b>50</b><sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kamov_Ka-31" title="Kamov Ka-31">Ka-31</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1–2 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>1–2 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kamov_Ka-50" title="Kamov Ka-50">Ka-52</a><sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>3 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>12 </td> <td>21 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>14 </td> <td>12<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>66 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kamov_Ka-226" title="Kamov Ka-226">Ka-226</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>10–11 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>10–11 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-8" title="Mil Mi-8">Mi-8</a>/<a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-17" title="Mil Mi-17">Mi-17</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>10 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-26" title="Mil Mi-26">Mi-26T</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>4 </td> <td>7 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>4 </td> <td> </td> <td>1<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>3 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>23 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-28" title="Mil Mi-28">Mi-28N/UB/NM</a> </td> <td>13/0/0 </td> <td>11/0/0 </td> <td>12/0/0 </td> <td>15-18/0/0 </td> <td>14/1/0 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>3/4/2<sup id="cite_ref-TASS_January_2019_118-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TASS_January_2019-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RIA_March_2019_119-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RIA_March_2019-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td>66–69 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-24" title="Mil Mi-24">Mi-24/Mi-35M</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>6 </td> <td>10–29 </td> <td>28 </td> <td>16 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>4/6<sup id="cite_ref-TASS_January_2019_118-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TASS_January_2019-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td>70–89 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Total</b> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>250–274 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="15"><small>Sources:</small> <sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Future_of_the_Russian_Air_Force">Future of the Russian Air Force</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Air_Force&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Future of the Russian Air Force"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Aircraft </th> <th>Origin </th> <th>Class </th> <th>Role </th> <th>Status </th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Beriev_A-100" title="Beriev A-100">Beriev A-100</a></td> <td>Russia</td> <td>Jet</td> <td>AWACS</td> <td>2 prototypes</td> <td>Replacement for A-50<sup id="cite_ref-A-100_93-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A-100-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ilyushin_Il-78" title="Ilyushin Il-78">Ilyushin Il-78MD-90A</a></td> <td>Russia</td> <td>Jet</td> <td>Tanker</td> <td>1 prototype</td> <td>Replacement for Il-78<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 10 ordered, production starting in 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ilyushin_Il-112" title="Ilyushin Il-112">Ilyushin Il-212</a></td> <td>Russia</td> <td>Jet</td> <td>Transport</td> <td>2 prototypes</td> <td>Replacement for An-26 & An-72 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ilyushin_Il-276" title="Ilyushin Il-276">Ilyushin Il-276</a></td> <td>Russia</td> <td>Jet</td> <td>Transport</td> <td>In development</td> <td>Replacement for An-12 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ilyushin_Il-106_PAK_VTA" class="mw-redirect" title="Ilyushin Il-106 PAK VTA">Ilyushin Il-106 PAK VTA</a></td> <td>Russia</td> <td>Jet</td> <td>Transport</td> <td>In development</td> <td>Future super-heavy transport airplane<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kamov_Ka-60" title="Kamov Ka-60">Kamov Ka-60/62</a></td> <td>Russia</td> <td>Rotorcraft</td> <td>Transport</td> <td>2 prototypes</td> <td>Certification of the Ka-62 expected to begin until the end of 2018<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mikoyan_MiG-41" class="mw-redirect" title="Mikoyan MiG-41">Mikoyan MiG-41</a></td> <td>Russia</td> <td>Jet</td> <td>Interceptor</td> <td>In study</td> <td>New long-range interceptor, to replace the MiG-31 after 2025<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-38" title="Mil Mi-38">Mil Mi-38</a>T</td> <td>Russia</td> <td>Rotorcraft</td> <td>Transport</td> <td>4 prototypes</td> <td>Serial production expected after 2020<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_S-70_Okhotnik-B" title="Sukhoi S-70 Okhotnik-B">Sukhoi Okhotnik</a></td> <td>Russia</td> <td>Jet</td> <td>Stealth UCAV</td> <td>2 prototypes</td> <td>Stealth UCAV, encompassing some technologies of the Su-57<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tupolev_PAK_DA" title="Tupolev PAK DA">Tupolev PAK DA</a></td> <td>Russia</td> <td>Jet</td> <td>Stealth bomber</td> <td>In development</td> <td>Future stealth strategic bomber, first flight expected in mid-2020s<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-160" title="Tupolev Tu-160">Tupolev Tu-160</a>M2</td> <td>Russia</td> <td>Jet</td> <td>Bomber</td> <td>4 delivered<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>10 on order<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Yakovlev_Yak-152" title="Yakovlev Yak-152">Yakovlev Yak-152</a></td> <td>Russia</td> <td>Propeller</td> <td>Trainer</td> <td>4 prototypes</td> <td>150 on order for GVP 2018–2027<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sukhoi_T-50_Maksimov.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sukhoi Su-57"><img alt="Sukhoi Su-57" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Sukhoi_T-50_Maksimov.jpg/120px-Sukhoi_T-50_Maksimov.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Sukhoi_T-50_Maksimov.jpg/180px-Sukhoi_T-50_Maksimov.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Sukhoi_T-50_Maksimov.jpg/240px-Sukhoi_T-50_Maksimov.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1023" data-file-height="683" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-57" title="Sukhoi Su-57">Sukhoi Su-57</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tupolev_Tu-22M3_at_Ryazan_Dyagilevo.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tupolev Tu-22M"><img alt="Tupolev Tu-22M" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Tupolev_Tu-22M3_at_Ryazan_Dyagilevo.jpg/120px-Tupolev_Tu-22M3_at_Ryazan_Dyagilevo.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Tupolev_Tu-22M3_at_Ryazan_Dyagilevo.jpg/180px-Tupolev_Tu-22M3_at_Ryazan_Dyagilevo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Tupolev_Tu-22M3_at_Ryazan_Dyagilevo.jpg/240px-Tupolev_Tu-22M3_at_Ryazan_Dyagilevo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-22M" title="Tupolev Tu-22M">Tupolev Tu-22M</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MTS_Il214_maks2009.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ilyushin Il-276"><img alt="Ilyushin Il-276" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/MTS_Il214_maks2009.jpg/120px-MTS_Il214_maks2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/MTS_Il214_maks2009.jpg/180px-MTS_Il214_maks2009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/MTS_Il214_maks2009.jpg/240px-MTS_Il214_maks2009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2772" data-file-height="1356" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ilyushin_Il-276" title="Ilyushin Il-276">Ilyushin Il-276</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ilyushin_Il-112.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Ilyushin Il-112"><img alt="Ilyushin Il-112" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Ilyushin_Il-112.png/120px-Ilyushin_Il-112.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Ilyushin_Il-112.png/180px-Ilyushin_Il-112.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Ilyushin_Il-112.png/240px-Ilyushin_Il-112.png 2x" data-file-width="1282" data-file-height="578" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ilyushin Il-112</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Russian_Air_Force_Ka-60.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kamov Ka-60"><img alt="Kamov Ka-60" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Russian_Air_Force_Ka-60.jpg/120px-Russian_Air_Force_Ka-60.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Russian_Air_Force_Ka-60.jpg/180px-Russian_Air_Force_Ka-60.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Russian_Air_Force_Ka-60.jpg/240px-Russian_Air_Force_Ka-60.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1278" data-file-height="743" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Kamov_Ka-60" title="Kamov Ka-60">Kamov Ka-60</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:38013_MI38_Mil_Design_Bureau_ZIA_UUBW_(33470419182).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mi-38"><img alt="Mi-38" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/38013_MI38_Mil_Design_Bureau_ZIA_UUBW_%2833470419182%29.jpg/120px-38013_MI38_Mil_Design_Bureau_ZIA_UUBW_%2833470419182%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/38013_MI38_Mil_Design_Bureau_ZIA_UUBW_%2833470419182%29.jpg/180px-38013_MI38_Mil_Design_Bureau_ZIA_UUBW_%2833470419182%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/38013_MI38_Mil_Design_Bureau_ZIA_UUBW_%2833470419182%29.jpg/240px-38013_MI38_Mil_Design_Bureau_ZIA_UUBW_%2833470419182%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Mi-38" class="mw-redirect" title="Mi-38">Mi-38</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yakovlev_Yak-130_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yakovlev Yak-130"><img alt="Yakovlev Yak-130" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Yakovlev_Yak-130_2.jpg/120px-Yakovlev_Yak-130_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Yakovlev_Yak-130_2.jpg/180px-Yakovlev_Yak-130_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Yakovlev_Yak-130_2.jpg/240px-Yakovlev_Yak-130_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Yakovlev_Yak-130" title="Yakovlev Yak-130">Yakovlev Yak-130</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%AF%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%AF%D0%BA-152.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yak-152"><img alt="Yak-152" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/%D0%AF%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%AF%D0%BA-152.jpg/120px-%D0%AF%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%AF%D0%BA-152.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/%D0%AF%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%AF%D0%BA-152.jpg/180px-%D0%AF%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%AF%D0%BA-152.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/%D0%AF%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%AF%D0%BA-152.jpg/240px-%D0%AF%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%AF%D0%BA-152.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="1012" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Yak-152" class="mw-redirect" title="Yak-152">Yak-152</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Air_Force&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Awards_and_emblems_of_the_Ministry_of_Defense_of_the_Russian_Federation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Awards and emblems of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation (page does not exist)">Awards and emblems of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_Russia" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of Russia">Orders, decorations, and medals of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honorary_titles_of_Russia" title="Honorary titles of Russia">Honorary titles of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Russian_aviators" title="List of Russian aviators">List of Russian aviators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Intelligence_of_Russia" title="Air Intelligence of Russia">Air Intelligence of Russia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Air_Force&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/russian/russia/2012/08/120803_russian_airforce_anno">"100 лет ВВС России: взлет или упадок?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a> Russian</i>. 3 August 2012.</cite><span 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See also <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.ww2.dk/new/air%20force/division/schools/kvolty.htm">http://www.ww2.dk/new/air%20force/division/schools/kvolty.htm</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sdelanounas.ru/blogs/30685/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Фотофакт. Новые вертолёты Ансат-У и Ка-226 для ВВС России " в блоге "Фотофакты" – Сделано у нас"</a>. <i>Сделано у нас</i>. 20 March 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141221200746/http://sdelanounas.ru/blogs/30685/">Archived</a> from the original on 21 December 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D0%A1%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE+%D1%83+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81&rft.atitle=%22%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82.+%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B5+%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%91%D1%82%D1%8B+%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%82-%D0%A3+%D0%B8+%D0%9A%D0%B0-226+%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F+%D0%92%D0%92%D0%A1+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8+%22+%D0%B2+%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5+%22%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8B%22+%E2%80%93+%D0%A1%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE+%D1%83+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81&rft.date=2013-03-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsdelanounas.ru%2Fblogs%2F30685%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://warfiles.ru/show-77079-gerasimov-prioritet-v-2015-godu-razvitie-strategicheskih-yadernyh-sil.html">"Герасимов: Приоритет в 2015 году — развитие стратегических ядерных сил"</a>. <i>warfiles.ru</i>. 29 December 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150110213221/http://warfiles.ru/show-77079-gerasimov-prioritet-v-2015-godu-razvitie-strategicheskih-yadernyh-sil.html">Archived</a> from the original on 10 January 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=warfiles.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%3A+%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82+%D0%B2+2015+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%83+%E2%80%94+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B5+%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85+%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB&rft.date=2014-12-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwarfiles.ru%2Fshow-77079-gerasimov-prioritet-v-2015-godu-razvitie-strategicheskih-yadernyh-sil.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://europe.newsweek.com/ukraine-reports-russian-military-activity-crimea-border-armored-column-488283">UKRAINE REPORTS RUSSIAN MILITARY ACTIVITY ON CRIMEA BORDER</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161018030959/http://europe.newsweek.com/ukraine-reports-russian-military-activity-crimea-border-armored-column-488283">Archived</a> 18 October 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Newsweek" title="Newsweek">Newsweek</a> (8 August 2016)<br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGutterman2014" class="citation news cs1">Gutterman, Steve (18 March 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ukraine-crisis-idUSBREA1Q1E820140318">"Putin signs Crimea treaty, will not seize other Ukraine regions"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140709064506/https://www.reuters.com/article/2014/03/18/us-ukraine-crisis-idUSBREA1Q1E820140318">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Putin+signs+Crimea+treaty%2C+will+not+seize+other+Ukraine+regions&rft.date=2014-03-18&rft.aulast=Gutterman&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-ukraine-crisis-idUSBREA1Q1E820140318&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-26248275">Ukraine crisis timeline</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140715040406/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-26248275">Archived</a> 15 July 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.cntv.cn/2014/03/28/ARTI1395947928472439.shtml">UN General Assembly adopts resolution affirming Ukraine's territorial integrity</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180304200543/http://english.cntv.cn/2014/03/28/ARTI1395947928472439.shtml">Archived</a> 4 March 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/China_Central_Television" title="China Central Television">China Central Television</a> (28 March 2014)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPodvig2018" class="citation journal cs1">Podvig, Pavel (25 October 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://russianforces.org/blog/2018/10/cosmos-2458_-_new_lotus-s1_ele.shtml">"Cosmos-2528 – new Lotus-S1 electronic reconnaissance satellite"</a>. <i>Russian Strategic Nuclear Forces</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Russian+Strategic+Nuclear+Forces&rft.atitle=Cosmos-2528+%E2%80%93+new+Lotus-S1+electronic+reconnaissance+satellite&rft.date=2018-10-25&rft.aulast=Podvig&rft.aufirst=Pavel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frussianforces.org%2Fblog%2F2018%2F10%2Fcosmos-2458_-_new_lotus-s1_ele.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ww2.dk/new/pvo/9okpro.htm">"9th independent Anti-Missile Defense Corps"</a>. <i>www.ww2.dk</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130529085631/http://www.ww2.dk/new/pvo/9okpro.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 29 May 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ww2.dk&rft.atitle=9th+independent+Anti-Missile+Defense+Corps&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ww2.dk%2Fnew%2Fpvo%2F9okpro.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IISS2014_p186-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IISS2014_p186_72-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IISS2014_p186_72-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/International_Institute_for_Strategic_Studies" title="International Institute for Strategic Studies">International Institute for Strategic Studies</a>: The Military Balance 2014, p.186</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/major-powers-our-top-10-of-military-aviation-streng-419734/">"Major powers: Our Top 10 of military aviation strength"</a>. 4 December 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170925230219/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/major-powers-our-top-10-of-military-aviation-streng-419734/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 September 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Major+powers%3A+Our+Top+10+of+military+aviation+strength&rft.date=2015-12-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.flightglobal.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2Fmajor-powers-our-top-10-of-military-aviation-streng-419734%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/1660936">"ТАСС: Армия и ОПК – Шойгу: оснащенность Российской армии современным оружием и техникой за год выросла на 7%"</a>. <i>ТАСС</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305190713/http://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/1660936">Archived</a> from the original on 5 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D0%A2%D0%90%D0%A1%D0%A1&rft.atitle=%D0%A2%D0%90%D0%A1%D0%A1%3A+%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%B8+%D0%9E%D0%9F%D0%9A+%E2%80%93+%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%B3%D1%83%3A+%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC+%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BC+%D0%B8+%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%B7%D0%B0+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4+%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0+%D0%BD%D0%B0+7%25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftass.ru%2Farmiya-i-opk%2F1660936&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ria.ru/defense_safety/20150716/1132598887.html">"Восемь МБР приняты на вооружение в интересах РВСН во втором квартале"</a>. <i>РИА Новости</i>. 16 July 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171009215251/https://ria.ru/defense_safety/20150716/1132598887.html">Archived</a> from the original on 9 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D0%A0%D0%98%D0%90+%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8&rft.atitle=%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8C+%D0%9C%D0%91%D0%A0+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8B+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5+%D0%B2+%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%85+%D0%A0%D0%92%D0%A1%D0%9D+%D0%B2%D0%BE+%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC+%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5&rft.date=2015-07-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fria.ru%2Fdefense_safety%2F20150716%2F1132598887.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2016/1222/161038788/detail.shtml">"ЦАМТО / Новости / Выступление министра обороны РФ генерала армии Сергея Шойгу на расширенном заседании Коллегии Минобороны"</a>. <i>www.armstrade.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171009210744/http://www.armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2016/1222/161038788/detail.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on 9 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.armstrade.org&rft.atitle=%D0%A6%D0%90%D0%9C%D0%A2%D0%9E+%2F+%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8+%2F+%D0%92%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5+%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B+%D0%A0%D0%A4+%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0+%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%8F+%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%B3%D1%83+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC+%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.armstrade.org%2Fincludes%2Fperiodics%2Fnews%2F2016%2F1222%2F161038788%2Fdetail.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eng.mil.ru/en/news_page/country/more.htm?id=12149743@egNews">"Remarks by Chief of General Staff of the Russian Federation General of the Army Valery Gerasimov at the Russian Defense Ministry's board session (November 7, 2017): Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation"</a>. <i>eng.mil.ru</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171109191754/http://eng.mil.ru/en/news_page/country/more.htm?id=12149743@egNews">Archived</a> from the original on 9 November 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B+%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE+150+%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85+%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%AF%D0%BA-152&rft.pub=ria.ru&rft.date=2016-07-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fria.ru%2Fdefense_safety%2F20160607%2F1443847270.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Air_Force&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Higham, Robin (editor). <i>Russian Aviation and Air Power in the Twentieth Century</i>. Routledge, 1998. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7146-4784-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-7146-4784-5">0-7146-4784-5</a></li> <li>Palmer, Scott W. <i>Dictatorship of the Air: Aviation Culture and the Fate of Modern Russia</i>. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-85957-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-85957-3">0-521-85957-3</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Air_Force&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Further sources include: </p> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160513104721/http://warfare.be/db/lang/rus/linkid/2238/catid/239/">"Warfare.be" <bdi lang="ru">Воздушно-Космические Силы</bdi></a>. <i>WARFARE.BE</i> (in Russian). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://warfare.be/db/lang/rus/linkid/2238/catid/239/">the original</a> on 13 May 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WARFARE.BE&rft.atitle=Warfare.be+%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5+%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8B&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwarfare.be%2Fdb%2Flang%2Frus%2Flinkid%2F2238%2Fcatid%2F239%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Piotr Butowsky. Force Report: Russian Air Force, Air Forces Monthly, August 2007 issue</li> <li>Pyotr Butowski, Air Power Analysis: Russian Federation, Part 2, International Air Power Review, Airtime Publishing, No.13, Summer 2004 (also Part 1 in a previous issue)</li> <li>The extensive list of sources at <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.prometeus.nsc.ru/biblio/newrus/skyforce.ssi">[1]</a></li> <li>Yefim Gordon, Dmitriy Komissarov, Russian Air Power, 2009 and 2011</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kommersant" title="Kommersant">Kommersant</a>-Vlast, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kommersant.ru/doc.aspx?DocsID=1014594">State of Russia's Air Forces 2008</a> No.33 (786) 25 August 2008 <span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071114072034/http://www.kommersant.ru/doc.aspx?DocsID=548978"><bdi lang="ru">Что такое современная армия России</bdi></a> [What is the modern army of Russia]. <i>Vlast</i> (in Russian). <b>7</b> (610). <a href="/wiki/Kommersant" title="Kommersant">Kommersant</a>. 21 February 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kommersant.ru/doc.aspx?DocsID=548978">the original</a> on 14 November 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 September</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vlast&rft.atitle=%D0%A7%D1%82%D0%BE+%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5+%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=610&rft.date=2005-02-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kommersant.ru%2Fdoc.aspx%3FDocsID%3D548978&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Aleksandr Stukalin, Mikail Lukin, 'Vys Rossiyskaya Armiya', Kommersant-Vlast, Moscow, Russia, (14 May 2002)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Air_Force&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span 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Commander-in-Chief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Defence_(Russia)" title="Minister of Defence (Russia)">Minister of Defence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(Russia)" title="Ministry of Defence (Russia)">Ministry of Defence</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_the_General_Staff_(Russia)" title="Chief of the General Staff (Russia)">Chief of the General Staff and First Deputy Minister of Defence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Staff_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation">General Staff</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commander-in-Chief_of_the_Russian_Ground_Forces" title="Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Ground Forces">Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commander-in-Chief_of_the_Russian_Navy" title="Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Navy">Commander-in-Chief of the Navy</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Commander-in-Chief_of_the_Aerospace_Forces" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Commander-in-Chief_of_the_Aerospace_Forces" title="Commander-in-Chief of the Aerospace Forces">Commander-in-Chief of the Aerospace Forces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commander-in-Chief_of_the_Russian_Air_Force" title="Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Air Force">Commander of the Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commander_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_and_Missile_Defence_Forces&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Commander of the Russian Aerospace and Missile Defence Forces (page does not exist)">Commander of the Missile Defence Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commander_of_the_Russian_Space_Forces&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Commander of the Russian Space Forces (page does not exist)">Commander of the Space Forces</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Military" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Military</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Military history of the Russian Federation">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_doctrine_of_Russia" title="Military doctrine of Russia">Doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Russian_military_bases_abroad" title="List of Russian military bases abroad">Bases abroad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_budget_of_the_Russian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Military budget of the Russian Federation">Budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_military_bands" title="Russian military bands">Bands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russia_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction" title="Russia and weapons of mass destruction">Weapons of mass destruction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Awards_and_emblems_of_the_Ministry_of_Defence_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Awards and emblems of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation">Awards and emblems</a></li> <li>General Staff buildings <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Staff_Building_(Saint_Petersburg)" title="General Staff Building (Saint Petersburg)">Saint Petersburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Staff_Building_(Moscow)" title="General Staff Building (Moscow)">Moscow</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Main_Building_of_the_Ministry_of_Defense_(Russia)" title="Main Building of the Ministry of Defense (Russia)">Main Building of the Ministry of Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arms_industry_of_Russia" title="Arms industry of Russia">Defense industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military-Industrial_Commission_of_Russia" title="Military-Industrial Commission of Russia">Military-Industrial Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_war_crimes" title="Russian war crimes">War crimes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniforms_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Uniforms of the Russian Armed Forces">Uniforms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conscription_in_Russia" title="Conscription in Russia">Conscription laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_the_Russian_and_Soviet_military" title="Women in the Russian and Soviet military">Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Culture of the Russian Armed Forces">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honorary_weapons_of_Russia" title="Honorary weapons of Russia">Honorary weapons</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Military_districts_of_Russia" title="Military districts of Russia">Military districts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Previous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Volga%E2%80%93Ural_Military_District" title="Volga–Ural Military District">Volga–Ural</a> (<a href="/wiki/Volga_Military_District" title="Volga Military District">Volga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ural_Military_District" title="Ural Military District">Ural</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Caucasus_Military_District" title="North Caucasus Military District">North Caucasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siberian_Military_District" title="Siberian Military District">Siberian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Far_Eastern_Military_District" title="Far Eastern Military District">Far Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaliningrad_Special_Region" title="Kaliningrad Special Region">Kaliningrad Special Region</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moscow_Military_District" title="Moscow Military District">Moscow</a> <ul><li>HQ: <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leningrad" class="mw-redirect" title="Leningrad">Leningrad</a> <ul><li>HQ: <a href="/wiki/Leningrad" class="mw-redirect" title="Leningrad">Leningrad</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Military_District" title="Western Military District">Western</a> <ul><li>HQ: <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Military_District" title="Southern Military District">Southern</a> <ul><li>HQ: <a href="/wiki/Rostov-on-Don" title="Rostov-on-Don">Rostov-on-Don</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Military_District" title="Central Military District">Central</a> <ul><li>HQ: <a href="/wiki/Yekaterinburg" title="Yekaterinburg">Yekaterinburg</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Military_District" title="Eastern Military District">Eastern</a> <ul><li>HQ: <a href="/wiki/Khabarovsk" title="Khabarovsk">Khabarovsk</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Military_District_(Russia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Military District (Russia)">Northern</a> <ul><li>HQ: <a href="/wiki/Severomorsk" title="Severomorsk">Severomorsk</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Fleets of the Navy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baltic_Fleet" title="Baltic Fleet">Baltic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Fleet" title="Black Sea Fleet">Black Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caspian_Flotilla" title="Caspian Flotilla">Caspian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Fleet" title="Northern Fleet">Northern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_Ocean_Flotilla" title="Arctic Ocean Flotilla">Arctic Ocean Flotilla</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Fleet_(Russia)" title="Pacific Fleet (Russia)">Pacific</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kamchatka_Flotilla" title="Kamchatka Flotilla">Kamchatka Flotilla</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Military ranks and insignia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Army_ranks_and_insignia_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Army ranks and insignia of the Russian Federation">Ground Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_ranks_and_insignia_of_the_Russian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Force ranks and insignia of the Russian Federation">Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_ranks_and_insignia_of_the_Russian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Naval ranks and insignia of the Russian Federation">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_and_insignia_of_the_Russian_Federation%27s_armed_forces_1994%E2%80%932010" class="mw-redirect" title="Ranks and insignia of the Russian Federation's armed forces 1994–2010">Armed Forces 1994–2010</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Ground_Forces_troops" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Russian_Ground_Forces" title="Russian Ground Forces">Ground Forces</a> troops</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Defence_Troops_of_the_Russian_Ground_Forces" title="Air Defence Troops of the Russian Ground Forces">Air Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Missile_Troops_and_Artillery" title="Russian Missile Troops and Artillery">Missile Troops and Artillery‎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Engineer_Troops" title="Russian Engineer Troops">Engineer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Signal_Troops" title="Russian Signal Troops">Signal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Tank_Troops" title="Russian Tank Troops">Tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_NBC_Protection_Troops" title="Russian NBC Protection Troops">NBC Protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topographic_Service_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Topographic Service of the Russian Armed Forces">Topographic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Russian_Navy" title="Russian Navy">Navy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ensign_of_the_Russian_Navy" title="Ensign of the Russian Navy">Ensign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coastal_Troops_of_the_Russian_Navy" title="Coastal Troops of the Russian Navy">Coastal Troops</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Naval_Infantry" title="Russian Naval Infantry">Infantry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_commando_frogmen" title="Russian commando frogmen">Commando Frogmen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Naval_Aviation" title="Russian Naval Aviation">Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Hydrographic_Service" title="Russian Hydrographic Service">Hydrography</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Russian_Aerospace_Forces" title="Russian Aerospace Forces">Aerospace Forces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Air Force</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Long-Range_Aviation" title="Long-Range Aviation">Long-Range Aviation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_and_Missile_Defense_Forces" title="Air and Missile Defense Forces">Air and Missile Defense Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Space_Forces" title="Russian Space Forces">Space Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Aerospace_Defence_Forces" title="Russian Aerospace Defence Forces">Aerospace Defence Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Radio-Technical_Troops" title="Russian Radio-Technical Troops">Radio-Technical Troops</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Spetsnaz" title="Spetsnaz">Special Forces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special_Operations_Forces_(Russia)" title="Special Operations Forces (Russia)">Special Operations Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Forces_of_the_Main_Directorate_of_the_General_Staff_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Forces of the Main Directorate of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces">Special Forces of the Main Directorate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reserve_of_the_Supreme_High_Command" title="Reserve of the Supreme High Command">Reserve of the Supreme High Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BARS_(Russia)" title="BARS (Russia)">BARS</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Independent</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Airborne_Forces" title="Russian Airborne Forces">Airborne Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_Rocket_Forces" title="Strategic Rocket Forces">Strategic Rocket Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Electronic_Warfare_Troops&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Russian Electronic Warfare Troops (page does not exist)">Electronic Warfare Troops</a></li> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Logistical_Support_troops" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Logistical_Support_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Logistical Support of the Russian Armed Forces">Logistical Support</a> troops</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Road_Troops&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Russian Road Troops (page does not exist)">Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Railway_Troops" title="Russian Railway Troops">Railway</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Departments in the <br /><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(Russia)" title="Ministry of Defence (Russia)">Ministry of Defence</a> <br />and <a href="/wiki/General_Staff_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation">General Staff</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GRU_(Russian_Federation)" title="GRU (Russian Federation)">Main Directorate of the General Staff of the Armed Forces (GRU)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Main_Operational_Directorate_of_the_General_Staff_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Main Operational Directorate of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces">Main Operational Directorate of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Main_Organizational-Mobilizational_Directorate_of_the_General_Staff_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Main Organizational-Mobilizational Directorate of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces">Main Organizational-Mobilizational Directorate of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Defense_Management_Center" title="National Defense Management Center">National Defense Management Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Main_Military-Political_Directorate_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Main Military-Political Directorate of the Russian Armed Forces">Main Military-Political Directorate of the Russian Armed Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Band_Service_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_Russia" title="Military Band Service of the Armed Forces of Russia">Military Band Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Police_(Russia)" title="Military Police (Russia)">Main Directorate of Military Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GRAU" class="mw-redirect" title="GRAU">Main Missile and Artillery Directorate (GRAU)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12th_Chief_Directorate" title="12th Chief Directorate">12th Chief Directorate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Main_Agency_of_Automobiles_and_Tanks_of_the_Ministry_of_Defense_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Main Agency of Automobiles and Tanks of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation">Main Agency of Automobiles and Tanks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Main_Military_Medical_Directorate_(Russia)" title="Main Military Medical Directorate (Russia)">Main Military Medical Directorate</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Krasnaya_Zvezda" title="Krasnaya Zvezda">Krasnaya Zvezda</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Television_and_Radio_Studio_of_the_Russian_Ministry_of_Defence" title="Central Television and Radio Studio of the Russian Ministry of Defence">Central Television and Radio Studio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rear_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Rear of the Russian Armed Forces">Rear of the Russian Armed Forces</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Equipment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_equipment_of_the_Russian_Ground_Forces" title="List of equipment of the Russian Ground Forces">Ground Forces' equipment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_active_Russian_military_aircraft" title="List of active Russian military aircraft">Air Forces' equipment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_active_Russian_Navy_ships" title="List of active Russian Navy ships">Navy ships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Future_of_the_Russian_Navy" title="Future of the Russian Navy">Future of the Russian Navy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Military academy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Previous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cadet_Corps_(Russia)" title="Cadet Corps (Russia)">Cadet Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Cadet_Corps_(Russia)" title="Naval Cadet Corps (Russia)">Naval Cadet Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Page_Corps" title="Page Corps">Page Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_departments_of_civilian_universities_(Soviet_Union_and_post-Soviet_area)" title="Military departments of civilian universities (Soviet Union and post-Soviet area)">Military departments of civilian universities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_education_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Military education in the Soviet Union">Military academies in the Soviet Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_Academy_of_the_General_Staff_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_Russia" title="Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Russia">Military Academy of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_academies_in_Russia" title="Military academies in Russia">Military academies in Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Suvorov_Military_School" title="Suvorov Military School">Suvorov Military School</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_training_centers_of_civilian_universities_(Russia)" title="Military training centers of civilian universities (Russia)">Military training centers of civilian universities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Russian_Air_Force" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Russian_Air_Force" title="Template:Russian Air Force"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Russian_Air_Force" title="Template talk:Russian Air Force"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Russian_Air_Force" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Russian Air Force"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Russian_Air_Force" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Russian Air Force</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Formations and units</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regiments_of_the_Russian_Air_Force" title="List of regiments of the Russian Air Force">Regiments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_corps_and_divisions_of_the_Russian_Air_Force" title="List of corps and divisions of the Russian Air Force">Corps/Divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_squadrons_and_detachments_of_the_Russian_Air_Force_2007" title="List of squadrons and detachments of the Russian Air Force 2007">Squadrons/Detachments 2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_guards_units_of_Russia#Air_Force" title="List of guards units of Russia">Guards</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Equipment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Aircraft_inventory">List of Russian Air Force aircraft</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Personnel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_ranks_and_insignia_of_the_Russian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Force ranks and insignia of the Russian Federation">Ranks & Insignia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Air_Forces_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Independent_States" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Air_Forces_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Independent_States" title="Template:Air Forces of the Commonwealth of Independent States"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Air_Forces_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Independent_States" title="Template talk:Air Forces of the Commonwealth of Independent States"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Air_Forces_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Independent_States" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Air Forces of the Commonwealth of Independent States"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Air_Forces_of_the_Commonwealth_of_Independent_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_air_forces" title="List of air forces">Air Forces</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Independent_States" title="Commonwealth of Independent States">Commonwealth of Independent States</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roundel_of_Armenia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Roundel_of_Armenia.svg/15px-Roundel_of_Armenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Roundel_of_Armenia.svg/23px-Roundel_of_Armenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Roundel_of_Armenia.svg/30px-Roundel_of_Armenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="602" data-file-height="602" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Armenian_Air_Force" title="Armenian Air Force">Armenian Air Force</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roundel_of_Azerbaijan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Roundel_of_Azerbaijan.svg/15px-Roundel_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Roundel_of_Azerbaijan.svg/23px-Roundel_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Roundel_of_Azerbaijan.svg/30px-Roundel_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_Air_and_Air_Defence_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Azerbaijani Air and Air Defence Force">Azerbaijan Air Force</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roundel_of_Belarus.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Roundel_of_Belarus.svg/15px-Roundel_of_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Roundel_of_Belarus.svg/23px-Roundel_of_Belarus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Roundel_of_Belarus.svg/30px-Roundel_of_Belarus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1236" data-file-height="1176" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Belarusian_Air_Force" title="Belarusian Air Force">Belarusian Air Force</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roundel_of_Kazakhstan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Roundel_of_Kazakhstan.svg/15px-Roundel_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Roundel_of_Kazakhstan.svg/23px-Roundel_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Roundel_of_Kazakhstan.svg/30px-Roundel_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="932" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Air_Defense_Forces" title="Kazakh Air Defense Forces">Kazakhstan Air Force</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roundel_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Roundel_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/15px-Roundel_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Roundel_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/23px-Roundel_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Roundel_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/30px-Roundel_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="601" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Kyrgyz_Air_Force" title="Kyrgyz Air Force">Kyrgyz Air Force</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roundel_of_Moldova.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Roundel_of_Moldova.svg/15px-Roundel_of_Moldova.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Roundel_of_Moldova.svg/23px-Roundel_of_Moldova.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Roundel_of_Moldova.svg/30px-Roundel_of_Moldova.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="609" data-file-height="609" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Moldovan_Air_Force" title="Moldovan Air Force">Moldovan Air Force</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roundel_of_Russia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Roundel_of_Russia.svg/15px-Roundel_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Roundel_of_Russia.svg/23px-Roundel_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Roundel_of_Russia.svg/30px-Roundel_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="629" data-file-height="598" /></a></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Russian Air Force</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roundel_of_Tajikistan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Roundel_of_Tajikistan.svg/15px-Roundel_of_Tajikistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Roundel_of_Tajikistan.svg/23px-Roundel_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Roundel_of_Tajikistan.svg/30px-Roundel_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="1175" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Tajik_Air_Force" title="Tajik Air Force">Tajik Air Force</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roundel_of_Uzbekistan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Roundel_of_Uzbekistan.svg/15px-Roundel_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Roundel_of_Uzbekistan.svg/23px-Roundel_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Roundel_of_Uzbekistan.svg/30px-Roundel_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="602" data-file-height="602" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan_Air_and_Air_Defence_Forces" title="Uzbekistan Air and Air Defence Forces">Uzbekistan Air and Air Defence Forces</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Associate</dt> <dd><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roundel_of_Turkmenistan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Roundel_of_Turkmenistan.svg/15px-Roundel_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Roundel_of_Turkmenistan.svg/23px-Roundel_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Roundel_of_Turkmenistan.svg/30px-Roundel_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="601" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Turkmen_Air_Force" title="Turkmen Air Force">Turkmen Air Force</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Former</dt> <dd><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roundel_of_Georgia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Roundel_of_Georgia.svg/15px-Roundel_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Roundel_of_Georgia.svg/23px-Roundel_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Roundel_of_Georgia.svg/30px-Roundel_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="602" data-file-height="602" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Georgian_Air_Force" title="Georgian Air Force">Georgian Air Force</a></dd> <dd><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roundel_of_Ukraine.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Roundel_of_Ukraine.svg/15px-Roundel_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Roundel_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Roundel_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Roundel_of_Ukraine.svg/30px-Roundel_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="602" data-file-height="602" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Air_Force" title="Ukrainian Air Force">Ukrainian Air Force</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_military_aircraft_of_the_Soviet_Union_and_the_CIS" title="List of military aircraft of the Soviet Union and the CIS">List of military aircraft of the Soviet Union and the CIS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Air_Forces_in_Asia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Asian_topic" title="Template:Asian topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Asian_topic" title="Template talk:Asian topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Asian_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Asian topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Air_Forces_in_Asia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Air Forces in Asia</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghan_Air_Force" title="Afghan Air Force">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Air_Force" title="Armenian Air Force">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Azerbaijani Air Force">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahraini_Air_Force&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahraini Air Force (page does not exist)">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangladeshi Air Force">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bhutanese_Air_Force&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bhutanese Air Force (page does not exist)">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruneian_Air_Force&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bruneian Air Force (page does not exist)">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burmese_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Burmese Air Force">Burma (Myanmar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodian_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambodian Air Force">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese Air Force">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cypriot_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Cypriot Air Force">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Timorese_Air_Force&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="East Timorese Air Force (page does not exist)">East Timor (Timor-Leste)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Air_Force" title="Egyptian Air Force">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_Air_Force" title="Georgian Air Force">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Air_Force" title="Indian Air Force">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Air_Force" title="Indonesian Air Force">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Republic_of_Iran_Air_Force" title="Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Air_Force" title="Iraqi Air Force">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_Air_Force" title="Israeli Air Force">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_Air_Self-Defense_Force" title="Japan Air Self-Defense Force">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordanian_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Jordanian Air Force">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Kazakh Air Force">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korean_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="North Korean Air Force">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korean_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="South Korean Air Force">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwaiti_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuwaiti Air Force">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyz_Air_Force" title="Kyrgyz Air Force">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laotian_Air_Force&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laotian Air Force (page does not exist)">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanese_Air_Force" title="Lebanese Air Force">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Malaysian Air Force">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maldivian_Air_Force&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maldivian Air Force (page does not exist)">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_Air_Force" title="Mongolian Air Force">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nepalese_Air_Force&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nepalese Air Force (page does not exist)">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omani_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Omani Air Force">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakistani Air Force">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Air_Force" title="Philippine Air Force">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatari_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Qatari Air Force">Qatar</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Saudi Arabian Air Force">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singaporean_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Singaporean Air Force">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Sri Lankan Air Force">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Air_Force" title="Syrian Air Force">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajik_Air_Force" title="Tajik Air Force">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Thai Air Force">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Air_Force" title="Turkish Air Force">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkmen_Air_Force" title="Turkmen Air Force">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emirati_Air_Force&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emirati Air Force (page does not exist)">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbek_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Uzbek Air Force">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Vietnamese Air Force">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_Air_Force" title="Yemeni Air Force">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">States with limited<br />recognition</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhaz_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Abkhaz Air Force">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Cypriot_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish Cypriot Air Force">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestinian Air Force">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Ossetian_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="South Ossetian Air Force">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwanese Air Force">Taiwan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Air_forces_in_Europe" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Air_forces_in_Europe" title="Template:Air forces in Europe"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Air_forces_in_Europe" title="Template talk:Air forces in Europe"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Air_forces_in_Europe" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Air forces in Europe"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Air_forces_in_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Air_force" title="Air force">Air forces</a> in Europe</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_state" title="Sovereign state">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Air_Force" title="Albanian Air Force">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Air_Force" title="Armenian Air Force">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Air_Force" title="Austrian Air Force">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_Air_Forces" title="Azerbaijani Air Forces">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_Air_Force" title="Belarusian Air Force">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_Air_Component" title="Belgian Air Component">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_and_Anti-Aircraft_Defence_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Air Force and Anti-Aircraft Defence of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Air_Force" title="Bulgarian Air Force">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Air_Force" title="Croatian Air Force">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus_Air_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyprus Air Forces">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Air_Force" title="Czech Air Force">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Danish_Air_Force" title="Royal Danish Air Force">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Air_Force" title="Estonian Air Force">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Air_Force" title="Finnish Air Force">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Air_and_Space_Force" title="French Air and Space Force">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_Air_Force" title="Georgian Air Force">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Air_Force" title="German Air Force">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenic_Air_Force" title="Hellenic Air Force">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Air_Force" title="Hungarian Air Force">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Air_Corps" title="Irish Air Corps">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Air_Force" title="Italian Air Force">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Air_Defense_Forces" title="Kazakh Air Defense Forces">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_Air_Force" title="Latvian Air Force">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Air_Force" title="Lithuanian Air Force">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Wing_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_Malta" title="Air Wing of the Armed Forces of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldovan_Air_Force" title="Moldovan Air Force">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_Air_Force" title="Montenegrin Air Force">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Netherlands_Air_Force" title="Royal Netherlands Air Force">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia_Air_Brigade" title="North Macedonia Air Brigade">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Norwegian_Air_Force" title="Royal Norwegian Air Force">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Air_Force" title="Polish Air Force">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Air_Force" title="Portuguese Air Force">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Air_Force" title="Romanian Air Force">Romania</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Air_Force_and_Air_Defence" title="Serbian Air Force and Air Defence">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_Air_Force" title="Slovak Air Force">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_Air_Force_and_Air_Defence" title="Slovenian Air Force and Air Defence">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Air_and_Space_Force" title="Spanish Air and Space Force">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Air_Force" title="Swedish Air Force">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Air_Force" title="Swiss Air Force">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Air_Force" title="Turkish Air Force">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Air_Force" title="Ukrainian Air Force">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with limited<br />recognition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhazian_Air_Force" title="Abkhazian Air Force">Abkhazia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_former_sovereign_states" title="List of former sovereign states">Historical states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_Aviation_Troops" title="Austro-Hungarian Aviation Troops">Austria-Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czechoslovak_Air_Force" title="Czechoslovak Air Force">Czechoslovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Forces_of_the_National_People%27s_Army" title="Air Forces of the National People's Army">East Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luftstreitkr%C3%A4fte" title="Luftstreitkräfte">German Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luftwaffe" title="Luftwaffe">Nazi Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Aviation_Squadrons" title="Ottoman Aviation Squadrons">Ottoman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republika_Srpska_Air_Force" title="Republika Srpska Air Force">Republika Srpska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Russian_Air_Service" title="Imperial Russian Air Service">Russian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_of_Serbia_and_Montenegro" title="Air Force of Serbia and Montenegro">Serbia and Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Air_Forces" title="Soviet Air Forces">Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Air_Force" title="Yugoslav Air Force">Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="List_of_air_forces" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Air_forces" title="Template:Air forces"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Air_forces" title="Template talk:Air forces"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Air_forces" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Air forces"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="List_of_air_forces" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_air_forces" title="List of air forces">List of</a> <a href="/wiki/Air_force" title="Air force">air forces</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhazian_Air_Force" title="Abkhazian Air Force">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afghan_Air_Force" title="Afghan Air Force">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Air_Force" title="Albanian Air Force">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algerian_Air_Force" title="Algerian Air Force">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Air_Force_of_Angola" title="National Air Force of Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda_Defence_Force_Air_Wing" title="Antigua and Barbuda Defence Force Air Wing">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentine_Air_Force" title="Argentine Air Force">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Air_Force" title="Armenian Air Force">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Australian_Air_Force" title="Royal Australian Air Force">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Air_Force" title="Austrian Air Force">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_Air_Forces" title="Azerbaijani Air Forces">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Bahamas_Defence_Force" title="Royal Bahamas Defence Force">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Bahraini_Air_Force" title="Royal Bahraini Air Force">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Air_Force" title="Bangladesh Air Force">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_Air_Force" title="Belarusian Air Force">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_Air_Component" title="Belgian Air Component">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belize_Defence_Force_Air_Wing" title="Belize Defence Force Air Wing">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benin_Air_Force" title="Benin Air Force">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivian_Air_Force" title="Bolivian Air Force">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_and_Anti-Aircraft_Defence_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Air Force and Anti-Aircraft Defence of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botswana_Defence_Force_Air_Wing" title="Botswana Defence Force Air Wing">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Air_Force" title="Brazilian Air Force">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Brunei_Air_Force" title="Royal Brunei Air Force">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Air_Force" title="Bulgarian Air Force">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Cambodian_Air_Force" title="Royal Cambodian Air Force">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameroon_Air_Force" title="Cameroon Air Force">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Air_Force" title="Royal Canadian Air Force">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic_Air_Force" title="Central African Republic Air Force">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chadian_Air_Force" title="Chadian Air Force">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_Air_Force" title="Chilean Air Force">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Air_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Air Force">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombian_Aerospace_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Colombian Aerospace Force">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congolese_Air_Force" title="Congolese Air Force">Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Air Force of the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Congo DR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Air_Force" title="Croatian Air Force">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_Revolutionary_Air_and_Air_Defense_Force" title="Cuban Revolutionary Air and Air Defense Force">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus_Air_Command" title="Cyprus Air Command">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Air_Force" title="Czech Air Force">Czechia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Danish_Air_Force" title="Royal Danish Air Force">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djibouti_Air_Force" title="Djibouti Air Force">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Air_Force" title="Dominican Air Force">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecuadorian_Air_Force" title="Ecuadorian Air Force">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Air_Force" title="Egyptian Air Force">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvadoran_Air_Force" title="Salvadoran Air Force">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eritrean_Air_Force" title="Eritrean Air Force">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Air_Force" title="Estonian Air Force">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Air_Force" title="Ethiopian Air Force">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Air_Force" title="Finnish Air Force">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Air_and_Space_Force" title="French Air and Space Force">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabonese_Air_Force" title="Gabonese Air Force">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_Air_Force" title="Georgian Air Force">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Air_Force" title="German Air Force">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana_Air_Force" title="Ghana Air Force">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenic_Air_Force" title="Hellenic Air Force">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guatemalan_Air_Force" title="Guatemalan Air Force">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau_Air_Force" title="Guinea-Bissau Air Force">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haiti_Air_Corps" class="mw-redirect" title="Haiti Air Corps">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honduran_Air_Force" title="Honduran Air Force">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Air_Force" title="Hungarian Air Force">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_Air_Policing" title="Icelandic Air Policing">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Air_Force" title="Indian Air Force">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Air_Force" title="Indonesian Air Force">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Republic_of_Iran_Air_Force" title="Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Air_Force" title="Iraqi Air Force">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Air_Corps" title="Irish Air Corps">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_Air_Force" title="Israeli Air Force">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Air_Force" title="Italian Air Force">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_the_Republic_of_Ivory_Coast" title="Armed Forces of the Republic of Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_Air_Self-Defense_Force" title="Japan Air Self-Defense Force">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Jordanian_Air_Force" title="Royal Jordanian Air Force">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Air_Defense_Forces" title="Kazakh Air Defense Forces">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya_Air_Force" title="Kenya Air Force">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwait_Air_Force" title="Kuwait Air Force">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyz_Air_Force" title="Kyrgyz Air Force">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lao_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Air_Force" title="Lao People's Liberation Army Air Force">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_Air_Force" title="Latvian Air Force">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanese_Air_Force" title="Lebanese Air Force">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberian_Armed_Forces#Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberian Armed Forces">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_Air_Force" title="Libyan Air Force">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Air_Force" title="Lithuanian Air Force">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malagasy_Air_Force" title="Malagasy Air Force">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Malaysian_Air_Force" title="Royal Malaysian Air Force">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malian_Air_Force" title="Malian Air Force">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Wing_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_Malta" title="Air Wing of the Armed Forces of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritania_Islamic_Air_Force" title="Mauritania Islamic Air Force">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_Air_Force" title="Mexican Air Force">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldovan_Air_Force" title="Moldovan Air Force">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_Air_Force" title="Mongolian Air Force">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_Air_Force" title="Montenegrin Air Force">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Moroccan_Air_Force" title="Royal Moroccan Air Force">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozambique_Air_Force" title="Mozambique Air Force">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar_Air_Force" title="Myanmar Air Force">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namibian_Air_Force" title="Namibian Air Force">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Netherlands_Air_Force" title="Royal Netherlands Air Force">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_New_Zealand_Air_Force" title="Royal New Zealand Air Force">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicaraguan_Air_Force" title="Nicaraguan Air Force">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_Air_Force" title="Nigerian Air Force">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_People%27s_Army_Air_Force" title="Korean People's Army Air Force">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia_Air_Brigade" title="North Macedonia Air Brigade">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Norwegian_Air_Force" title="Royal Norwegian Air Force">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force_of_Oman" title="Royal Air Force of Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Air_Force" title="Pakistan Air Force">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_Air_Force" title="Paraguayan Air Force">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peruvian_Air_Force" title="Peruvian Air Force">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Air_Force" title="Philippine Air Force">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Air_Force" title="Polish Air Force">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Air_Force" title="Portuguese Air Force">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar_Emiri_Air_Force" title="Qatar Emiri Air Force">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Air_Force" title="Romanian Air Force">Romania</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rwandan_Air_Force" title="Rwandan Air Force">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Saudi_Air_Force" title="Royal Saudi Air Force">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senegalese_Air_Force" title="Senegalese Air Force">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Air_Force_and_Air_Defence" title="Serbian Air Force and Air Defence">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Singapore_Air_Force" title="Republic of Singapore Air Force">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_Air_Force" title="Slovak Air Force">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_Air_Force_and_Air_Defence" title="Slovenian Air Force and Air Defence">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_Air_Force" title="Somali Air Force">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_Air_Force" title="South African Air Force">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Korea_Air_Force" title="Republic of Korea Air Force">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Sudan_Air_Force" title="South Sudan Air Force">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Air_and_Space_Force" title="Spanish Air and Space Force">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_Air_Force" title="Sri Lanka Air Force">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudanese_Air_Force" title="Sudanese Air Force">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suriname_Air_Force" title="Suriname Air Force">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Air_Force" title="Swedish Air Force">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Air_Force" title="Swiss Air Force">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Air_Force" title="Syrian Air Force">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_Air_Force" title="Republic of China Air Force">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajik_Air_Force" title="Tajik Air Force">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzania_Air_Force_Command" title="Tanzania Air Force Command">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Thai_Air_Force" title="Royal Thai Air Force">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togolese_Armed_Forces" title="Togolese Armed Forces">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongan_Air_Wing" title="Tongan Air Wing">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisian_Air_Force" title="Tunisian Air Force">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Air_Force" title="Turkish Air Force">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkmen_Air_Force" title="Turkmen Air Force">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uganda_Air_Force" title="Uganda Air Force">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Air_Force" title="Ukrainian Air Force">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates_Air_Force" title="United Arab Emirates Air Force">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruguayan_Air_Force" title="Uruguayan Air Force">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan_Air_and_Air_Defence_Forces" title="Uzbekistan Air and Air Defence Forces">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuelan_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Venezuelan Air Force">Venezuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam_People%27s_Air_Force" title="Vietnam People's Air Force">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_Air_Force" title="Yemeni Air Force">Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zambian_Air_Force" title="Zambian Air Force">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_of_Zimbabwe" title="Air Force of Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Annual_Moscow_military_parade_on_Victory_Day_in_the_Great_Patriotic_War_(1941–45)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Moscow_Victory_Parade" title="Template:Moscow Victory Parade"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Moscow_Victory_Parade" title="Template talk:Moscow Victory Parade"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Moscow_Victory_Parade" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Moscow Victory Parade"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Annual_Moscow_military_parade_on_Victory_Day_in_the_Great_Patriotic_War_(1941–45)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Annual <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="Moscow Victory Day Parade">Moscow military parade</a> on <a href="/wiki/Victory_Day" title="Victory Day">Victory Day</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Great_Patriotic_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Patriotic War">Great Patriotic War</a> (1941–45)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By year</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1945_Moscow_Victory_Parade" title="1945 Moscow Victory Parade">1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1965_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="1965 Moscow Victory Day Parade">1965</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="1985 Moscow Victory Day Parade">1985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="1990 Moscow Victory Day Parade">1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parades" title="1995 Moscow Victory Day Parades">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="1996 Moscow Victory Day Parade">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="1997 Moscow Victory Day Parade">1997</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1998_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1998 Moscow Victory Day Parade (page does not exist)">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1999_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1999 Moscow Victory Day Parade (page does not exist)">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2000 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2001 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2001</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2002_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2002 Moscow Victory Day Parade (page does not exist)">2002</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2003_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2003 Moscow Victory Day Parade (page does not exist)">2003</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2004 Moscow Victory Day Parade (page does not exist)">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2005 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2006_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2006 Moscow Victory Day Parade (page does not exist)">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2007 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2008 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2009 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2010 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2011 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2012 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2013 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2014 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2015 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2016 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2017 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2018 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2019 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2020 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2021 Moscow Victory Day Parade (page does not exist)">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2022 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2023 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2024 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2024</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=2025_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2025 Moscow Victory Day Parade (page does not exist)">2025</a></i></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:WW2_Victory_USSR_OBVERSE.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Medal «For Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945»"><img alt="Medal «For Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945»" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/WW2_Victory_USSR_OBVERSE.jpg/80px-WW2_Victory_USSR_OBVERSE.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/WW2_Victory_USSR_OBVERSE.jpg/120px-WW2_Victory_USSR_OBVERSE.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/WW2_Victory_USSR_OBVERSE.jpg/160px-WW2_Victory_USSR_OBVERSE.jpg 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="690" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Participating units<br /> and prominent parts<br />of the parade</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Victory_Banner" title="Victory Banner">Victory Banner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Russia" title="Flag of Russia">Flag of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_anthem_of_Russia" title="National anthem of Russia">National anthem of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ribbon_of_Saint_George" title="Ribbon of Saint George">Ribbon of Saint George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Square" title="Red Square">Red Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Band_Service_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_Russia" title="Military Band Service of the Armed Forces of Russia">Military Band Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moscow_Military_Music_College" title="Moscow Military Music College">Moscow Military Music College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/154th_Preobrazhensky_Independent_Commandant%27s_Regiment" title="154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment">Preobrazhensky Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Ground_Forces" title="Russian Ground Forces">Russian Ground Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Navy" title="Russian Navy">Russian Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Aerospace_Forces" title="Russian Aerospace Forces">Russian Aerospace Forces</a> (<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Russian Air Force</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russian_Space_Forces" title="Russian Space Forces">Russian Space Forces</a> and <a href="/wiki/Russian_Aerospace_Defence_Forces" title="Russian Aerospace Defence Forces">Russian Aerospace Defence Forces</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Airborne_Forces" title="Russian Airborne Forces">Russian Airborne Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Naval_Aviation" title="Russian Naval Aviation">Russian Naval Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Infantry_(Russia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Naval Infantry (Russia)">Russian Naval Infantry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GRAU" class="mw-redirect" title="GRAU">GRAU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_Missile_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Strategic Missile Forces">Missile Forces of Strategic Importance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Railway_Troops" title="Russian Railway Troops">Russian Railway Troops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Security_Service" title="Federal Security Service">Federal Security Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Border_Service_of_the_Federal_Security_Service_of_the_Russian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Border Service of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation">Border Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kremlin_Regiment" title="Kremlin Regiment">Kremlin Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Guard_of_Russia" title="National Guard of Russia">National Guard of Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Guard_Forces_Command" title="National Guard Forces Command">National Guard Forces Command</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Internal_Affairs_(Russia)" title="Ministry of Internal Affairs (Russia)">Ministry of Internal Affairs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Police_of_Russia" title="Police of Russia">Police of Russia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Emergency_Situations_(Russia)" title="Ministry of Emergency Situations (Russia)">Ministry of Emergency Situations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Investigative_Committee_of_Russia" title="Investigative Committee of Russia">Investigative Committee of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Army_Cadets_National_Movement" title="Young Army Cadets National Movement">Young Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suvorov_Military_School" title="Suvorov Military School">Suvorov Military School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakhimov_Naval_School" title="Nakhimov Naval School">Nakhimov Naval School</a></li> <li>Aerobatic teams <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Knights" title="Russian Knights">Russian Knights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swifts_(aerobatic_team)" title="Swifts (aerobatic team)">Strizhi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crimean_Wings&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Crimean Wings (page does not exist)">Crimean Wings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Falcons" title="Russian Falcons">Russian Falcons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berkuts" title="Berkuts">Berkuts</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1992_Moscow_peace_parade" title="1992 Moscow peace parade">1992 Moscow peace parade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victory_Day_(9_May)" title="Victory Day (9 May)">Victory Day (9 May)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Front_(World_War_II)" title="Eastern Front (World War II)">Eastern Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Patriotic_War_(term)" title="Great Patriotic War (term)">Great Patriotic War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pobedobesie" title="Pobedobesie">Pobedobesie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Z_(military_symbol)" title="Z (military symbol)">Z (military symbol)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victory_Banner_(Soviet_Union)" class="mw-redirect" title="Victory Banner (Soviet Union)">Victory Banner (Soviet Union)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Part of</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Victory_Day_Parades" title="Victory Day Parades">Victory Day Parades</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209833#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209833#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209833#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/314914503">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Rusko (federace). Vojenno-vozdušnyje sily"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2015860702&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Russian_Air_Force&oldid=1258929823">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Russian_Air_Force&oldid=1258929823</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Russian_Air_Force" title="Category:Russian Air Force">Russian Air Force</a></li><li><a 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