CINXE.COM
CBSE Class 10 - Get CBSE Class 10 Syllabus, Solutions & Sample Papers Online - TopperLearning
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" itemscope> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={privacy:{cookies_enabled:true},ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]},distributed_tracing:{enabled:true}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={agentID:"1588959637",accountID:"1441911",trustKey:"1441911",xpid:"VQIDUF9SCRABUVRXAgYFUlwE",licenseKey:"169254e235",applicationID:"1555572485"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-spa-1.274.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{var e,t,r={8122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},2555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},9417:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>h,gD:()=>g,xN:()=>p});var n=r(993);const i=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var o=r(2614),a=r(944),s=r(384),c=r(8122);const u="[data-nr-mask]",d=()=>{const e={mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},feature_flags:[],generic_events:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},harvest:{tooManyRequestsDelay:60},jserrors:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0,level:n.p_.INFO},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},performance:{capture_marks:!1,capture_measures:!1},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:o.wk,inactiveMs:o.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,harvestTimeSeconds:60,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){i(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(u):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=u:(0,a.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){i(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,a.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,a.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0}}},l={},f="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function h(e){if(!e)throw new Error(f);if(!l[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return l[e]}function p(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);l[e]=(0,c.a)(t,d());const r=(0,s.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=l[e])}function g(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);var r=h(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},5603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>c,o:()=>s});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},a={};function s(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("LoaderConfig for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function c(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=a[e])}},3371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>l});var n=r(8122),i=r(384),o=r(6154),a=r(9324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0},d={};function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!d[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return d[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");d[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(d[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(d[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=d[e])}},9324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,Yq:()=>a,xv:()=>n});const n="1.274.0",i="PROD",o="CDN",a="^2.0.0-alpha.17"},6154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A4:()=>s,OF:()=>d,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>h,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,lR:()=>f,m:()=>u,mw:()=>c,sb:()=>l});var n=r(1863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s="complete"===a?.document?.readyState,c=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),u=""+a?.location,d=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),l=d&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,f=(()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);return Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2?+e[1]:0})(),h=Date.now()-(0,n.t)()},7295:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Xv:()=>a,gX:()=>i,iW:()=>o});var n=[];function i(e){if(!e||o(e))return!1;if(0===n.length)return!0;for(var t=0;t<n.length;t++){var r=n[t];if("*"===r.hostname)return!1;if(s(r.hostname,e.hostname)&&c(r.pathname,e.pathname))return!1}return!0}function o(e){return void 0===e.hostname}function a(e){if(n=[],e&&e.length)for(var t=0;t<e.length;t++){let r=e[t];if(!r)continue;0===r.indexOf("http://")?r=r.substring(7):0===r.indexOf("https://")&&(r=r.substring(8));const i=r.indexOf("/");let o,a;i>0?(o=r.substring(0,i),a=r.substring(i)):(o=r,a="");let[s]=o.split(":");n.push({hostname:s,pathname:a})}}function s(e,t){return!(e.length>t.length)&&t.indexOf(e)===t.length-e.length}function c(e,t){return 0===e.indexOf("/")&&(e=e.substring(1)),0===t.indexOf("/")&&(t=t.substring(1)),""===e||e===t}},1687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>l,x3:()=>u});var n=r(7836),i=r(3606),o=r(860),a=r(2646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};d(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),h(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function l(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(d(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return h(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),h(e,t)})))}function h(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)p(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function p(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},7836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8990),o=r(3371),a=r(2646),s=r(5607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},d={},l=!1;try{l=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=h(n),c=g(e),d=c.length,l=0;l<d;l++)c[l].apply(a,r);var p=v()[s[e]];p&&p.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:m,listeners:g,context:h,buffer:function(e,t){const r=v();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!v()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:l?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:l};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function h(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function p(e,t){n[e]=g(e).concat(t)}function g(e){return n[e]||[]}function m(t){return d[t]=d[t]||e(f,t)}function v(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),d=(0,n.Zm)();d.ee||(d.ee=u)},2646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},9908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(7836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},3606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(9908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},5607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(9566).bz)()},9566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,ZF:()=>c,bz:()=>a,el:()=>u});var n=r(6154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}function c(){return s(16)}function u(){return s(32)}},2614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>u,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},1863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},7485:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D:()=>i});var n=r(6154);function i(e){if(0===(e||"").indexOf("data:"))return{protocol:"data"};try{const t=new URL(e,location.href),r={port:t.port,hostname:t.hostname,pathname:t.pathname,search:t.search,protocol:t.protocol.slice(0,t.protocol.indexOf(":")),sameOrigin:t.protocol===n.gm?.location?.protocol&&t.host===n.gm?.location?.host};return r.port&&""!==r.port||("http:"===t.protocol&&(r.port="80"),"https:"===t.protocol&&(r.port="443")),r.pathname&&""!==r.pathname?r.pathname.startsWith("/")||(r.pathname="/".concat(r.pathname)):r.pathname="/",r}catch(e){return{}}}},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},5284:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>c,B:()=>s});var n=r(7836),i=r(6154);const o="newrelic";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(a.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},8990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},6389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},3304:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A:()=>o});var n=r(7836);const i=()=>{const e=new WeakSet;return(t,r)=>{if("object"==typeof r&&null!==r){if(e.has(r))return;e.add(r)}return r}};function o(e){try{return JSON.stringify(e,i())??""}catch(e){try{n.ee.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}return""}}},5289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(3878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>d,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>u,pV:()=>l});var n=r(6154),i=r(1863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function d(e,t){a()[e]=t}function l(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},2843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(3878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},8139:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>f});var n=r(7836),i=r(3434),o=r(8990),a=r(6154);const s={},c=a.gm.XMLHttpRequest,u="addEventListener",d="removeEventListener",l="nr@wrapped:".concat(n.P);function f(e){var t=function(e){return(e||n.ee).get("events")}(e);if(s[t.debugId]++)return t;s[t.debugId]=1;var r=(0,i.YM)(t,!0);function f(e){r.inPlace(e,[u,d],"-",p)}function p(e,t){return e[1]}return"getPrototypeOf"in Object&&(a.RI&&h(document,f),h(a.gm,f),h(c.prototype,f)),t.on(u+"-start",(function(e,t){var n=e[1];if(null!==n&&("function"==typeof n||"object"==typeof n)){var i=(0,o.I)(n,l,(function(){var e={object:function(){if("function"!=typeof n.handleEvent)return;return n.handleEvent.apply(n,arguments)},function:n}[typeof n];return e?r(e,"fn-",null,e.name||"anonymous"):n}));this.wrapped=e[1]=i}})),t.on(d+"-start",(function(e){e[1]=this.wrapped||e[1]})),t}function h(e,t,...r){let n=e;for(;"object"==typeof n&&!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(n,u);)n=Object.getPrototypeOf(n);n&&t(n,...r)}},3434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Jt:()=>o,YM:()=>c});var n=r(7836),i=r(5607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],u=e[c];d(u)||(e[c]=r(u,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return d(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){u([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,d,l;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],d="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){u([t,"",[o,a,s],d],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],d,c);try{return l=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],d,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,l],d,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){u([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function u(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function d(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},9300:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.ajax},3333:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,Zp:()=>i,mq:()=>s,nf:()=>a,qN:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.genericEvents,i=["auxclick","click","copy","keydown","paste","scrollend"],o=["focus","blur"],a=4,s=1e3},6774:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.jserrors},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{ET:()=>o,TZ:()=>a,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o="log",a=n.K7.logging},3785:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{R:()=>c,b:()=>u});var n=r(9908),i=r(1863),o=r(860),a=r(3969),s=r(993);function c(e,t,r={},c=s.p_.INFO){(0,n.p)(a.xV,["API/logging/".concat(c.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,o.K7.metrics,e),(0,n.p)(s.ET,[(0,i.t)(),t,r,c],void 0,o.K7.logging,e)}function u(e){return"string"==typeof e&&Object.values(s.p_).some((t=>t===e.toUpperCase().trim()))}},3969:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,XG:()=>s,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a,z_:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},6630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},6344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>d,G4:()=>o,Qb:()=>l,TZ:()=>i,Ug:()=>a,_s:()=>s,bc:()=>u,yP:()=>c});var n=r(2614);const i=r(860).K7.sessionReplay,o={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"},a=.12,s={DomContentLoaded:0,Load:1,FullSnapshot:2,IncrementalSnapshot:3,Meta:4,Custom:5},c={[n.g.ERROR]:15e3,[n.g.FULL]:3e5,[n.g.OFF]:0},u={RESET:{message:"Session was reset",sm:"Reset"},IMPORT:{message:"Recorder failed to import",sm:"Import"},TOO_MANY:{message:"429: Too Many Requests",sm:"Too-Many"},TOO_BIG:{message:"Payload was too large",sm:"Too-Big"},CROSS_TAB:{message:"Session Entity was set to OFF on another tab",sm:"Cross-Tab"},ENTITLEMENTS:{message:"Session Replay is not allowed and will not be started",sm:"Entitlement"}},d=5e3,l={API:"api"}},5270:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Aw:()=>c,CT:()=>u,SR:()=>s});var n=r(384),i=r(9417),o=r(7767),a=r(6154);function s(e){return!!(0,n.dV)().o.MO&&(0,o.V)(e)&&!0===(0,i.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}function c(e){return!0===(0,i.gD)(e,"session_replay.preload")&&s(e)}function u(e,t){const r=t.correctAbsoluteTimestamp(e);return{originalTimestamp:e,correctedTimestamp:r,timestampDiff:e-r,originTime:a.WN,correctedOriginTime:t.correctedOriginTime,originTimeDiff:Math.floor(a.WN-t.correctedOriginTime)}}},3738:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{He:()=>i,Kp:()=>s,Lc:()=>u,Rz:()=>d,TZ:()=>n,bD:()=>o,d3:()=>a,jx:()=>l,uP:()=>c});const n=r(860).K7.sessionTrace,i="bstResource",o="resource",a="-start",s="-end",c="fn"+a,u="fn"+s,d="pushState",l=1e3},3962:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{AM:()=>o,O2:()=>s,Qu:()=>c,TZ:()=>a,ih:()=>u,tC:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i=["click","keydown","submit"],o="api",a=n.K7.softNav,s={INITIAL_PAGE_LOAD:"",ROUTE_CHANGE:1,UNSPECIFIED:2},c={INTERACTION:1,AJAX:2,CUSTOM_END:3,CUSTOM_TRACER:4},u={IP:"in progress",FIN:"finished",CAN:"cancelled"}},7378:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$p:()=>x,BR:()=>b,Kp:()=>R,L3:()=>y,Lc:()=>c,NC:()=>o,SG:()=>d,TZ:()=>i,U6:()=>p,UT:()=>m,d3:()=>w,dT:()=>f,e5:()=>A,gx:()=>v,l9:()=>l,oW:()=>h,op:()=>g,rw:()=>u,tH:()=>E,uP:()=>s,wW:()=>T,xq:()=>a});var n=r(384);const i=r(860).K7.spa,o=["click","submit","keypress","keydown","keyup","change"],a=999,s="fn-start",c="fn-end",u="cb-start",d="api-ixn-",l="remaining",f="interaction",h="spaNode",p="jsonpNode",g="fetch-start",m="fetch-done",v="fetch-body-",b="jsonp-end",y=(0,n.dV)().o.ST,w="-start",R="-end",x="-body",T="cb"+R,A="jsTime",E="fetch"},4234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(7836),i=r(1687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},7767:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>o});var n=r(9417),i=r(6154);const o=e=>i.RI&&!0===(0,n.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled")},425:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>j});var n=r(860),i=r(2555),o=r(3371),a=r(9908),s=r(7836),c=r(1687),u=r(5289),d=r(6154),l=r(944),f=r(3969),h=r(384),p=r(6344);const g=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",p.G4.RECORD,p.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],m=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var v=r(1863),b=r(2614),y=r(993),w=r(3785),R=r(2646),x=r(3434);function T(e,t,r,n){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,l.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||s.ee).get("logger")}(e),o=(0,x.YM)(i),a=new R.y(s.P);return a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes,o.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",a),i}function A(){const e=(0,h.pV)();g.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,l.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const E={};var S=r(9417),N=r(5603),O=r(5284);const _=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let I=!1;function j(e,t={},g,R){let{init:x,info:j,loader_config:P,runtime:C={},exposed:k=!0}=t;C.loaderType=g;const L=(0,h.pV)();j||(x=L.init,j=L.info,P=L.loader_config),(0,S.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,x||{}),(0,N.a)(e.agentIdentifier,P||{}),j.jsAttributes??={},d.bv&&(j.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,j);const H=(0,S.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),D=[j.beacon,j.errorBeacon];I||(H.proxy.assets&&(_(H.proxy.assets),D.push(H.proxy.assets)),H.proxy.beacon&&D.push(H.proxy.beacon),A(),(0,h.US)("activatedFeatures",O.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===H.soft_navigations.enabled&&H.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),C.denyList=[...H.ajax.deny_list||[],...H.ajax.block_internal?D:[]],C.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,C),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=function(e,t,h=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const g={};var R=s.ee.get(e),x=R.get("tracer");E[e]=b.g.OFF,R.on(p.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{E[e]=t}));var A="api-",S=A+"ixn-";function N(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),I(A,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function O(){}g.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,w.R)(R,e,t,r)},g.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),T(R,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},m.forEach((e=>{g[e]=I(A,e,!0,"api")})),g.addPageAction=I(A,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),g.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,I(A,"setPageViewName",!0)()},g.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return N(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,l.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,l.R)(39,typeof e)},g.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,l.R)(41,typeof e)},g.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,l.R)(42,typeof e)},g.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),R.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,l.R)(23,e)}},g[p.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)(p.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,R)},g[p.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)(p.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,R)},g.interaction=function(e){return(new O).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const _=O.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),h||(0,a.p)(S+"tracer",[(0,v.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,R),function(){if(x.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,v.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw x.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{x.emit("fn-end",[(0,v.t)()],r)}}}};function I(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[(0,v.t)(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,R),r?void 0:this}}function j(){r.e(478).then(r.bind(r,8778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,l.R)(27,e),R.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{_[e]=I(S,e,void 0,h?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),g.setCurrentRouteName=h?I(S,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):I(A,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),g.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,v.t)(),!1,r,!!E[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,R)},d.RI?(0,u.GG)((()=>j()),!0):j(),g}(e.agentIdentifier,R,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=k),I=!0}},8374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>o,K7:()=>n,P3:()=>i});const n={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:"jserrors",logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},i={[n.pageViewEvent]:1,[n.pageViewTiming]:2,[n.metrics]:3,[n.jserrors]:4,[n.spa]:5,[n.ajax]:6,[n.sessionTrace]:7,[n.softNav]:8,[n.sessionReplay]:9,[n.logging]:10,[n.genericEvents]:11},o={[n.pageViewTiming]:"events",[n.ajax]:"events",[n.spa]:"events",[n.softNav]:"events",[n.metrics]:"jserrors",[n.jserrors]:"jserrors",[n.sessionTrace]:"browser/blobs",[n.sessionReplay]:"browser/blobs",[n.logging]:"browser/logs",[n.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>({212:"nr-spa-compressor",249:"nr-spa-recorder",478:"nr-spa"}[e]+"-1.274.0.min.js"),i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.274.0.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),d=0;d<u.length;d++){var l=u[d];if(l.getAttribute("src")==r||l.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=l;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={478:"sha512-1vUqEfJPB8Pihje9mv5CfYgkitO1FWcS+UQb84DbXqP8oYctRv4/lzl/MzNLPlRhcY1WVDBGL20I8vm6s2VV7g==",249:"sha512-Y/BeZAh6VSTmUtUNmS5XdyKxL92s30Fyyj8xVW76HSPxcKItL4+x2+kGMZc8pMJnUpZDz1L4eftZQAJh3D8NnA==",212:"sha512-Gn2tQ3qog5Yhrx/gRutkSTYPp+7nkKFt4/mIXg99LxcNpMDAYJZDBYmAACdoHNM86+iq1F3cBcQotFNzjIX8bw=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var h=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(h.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=h.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=h.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={38:0,788:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(8374);var e=i(944),t=i(6344),r=i(9566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(e=(0,r.LA)(16)){this.agentIdentifier=e}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(9417);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var d=i(425);var l=i(1687),f=i(4234),h=i(5289),p=i(6154),g=i(5270),m=i(7767),v=i(6389);class b extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,v.J)((()=>{(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if((0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,6526));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(t.sharedAggregator)await t.sharedAggregator;else{t.sharedAggregator=i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,9337));const{EventAggregator:e}=await t.sharedAggregator;t.sharedAggregator=new e}if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,6103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};p.RI?(0,h.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return(0,g.SR)(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var y=i(6630);class w extends b{static featureName=y.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,y.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var R=i(384);var x=i(9908),T=i(2843),A=i(3878),E=i(782),S=i(1863);class N extends b{static featureName=E.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,E.T,t),p.RI&&((0,T.u)((()=>(0,x.p)("docHidden",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,E.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,A.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,x.p)("winPagehide",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,E.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var O=i(3969);class _ extends b{static featureName=O.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,O.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var I=i(6774),j=i(3304);class P{constructor(e,t,r,n,i){this.name="UncaughtError",this.message="string"==typeof e?e:(0,j.A)(e),this.sourceURL=t,this.line=r,this.column=n,this.__newrelic=i}}function C(e){return H(e)?e:new P(void 0!==e?.message?e.message:e,e?.filename||e?.sourceURL,e?.lineno||e?.line,e?.colno||e?.col,e?.__newrelic)}function k(e){const t="Unhandled Promise Rejection";if(!e?.reason)return;if(H(e.reason))try{return e.reason.message=t+": "+e.reason.message,C(e.reason)}catch(t){return C(e.reason)}const r=C(e.reason);return r.message=t+": "+r?.message,r}function L(e){if(e.error instanceof SyntaxError&&!/:\d+$/.test(e.error.stack?.trim())){const t=new P(e.message,e.filename,e.lineno,e.colno,e.error.__newrelic);return t.name=SyntaxError.name,t}return H(e.error)?e.error:C(e)}function H(e){return e instanceof Error&&!!e.stack}class D extends b{static featureName=I.T;#r=!1;constructor(e,r=!0){super(e,I.T,r);try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}this.ee.on("internal-error",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)("ierr",[C(e),(0,S.t)(),!0,{},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=>{this.#r=e})),p.gm.addEventListener("unhandledrejection",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)("err",[k(e),(0,S.t)(),!1,{unhandledPromiseRejection:1},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,A.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),p.gm.addEventListener("error",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)("err",[L(e),(0,S.t)(),!1,{},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,A.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),this.abortHandler=this.#n,this.importAggregator(e)}#n(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}}var M=i(8990);let K=1;const U="nr@id";function V(e){const t=typeof e;return!e||"object"!==t&&"function"!==t?-1:e===p.gm?0:(0,M.I)(e,U,(function(){return K++}))}function G(e){if("string"==typeof e&&e.length)return e.length;if("object"==typeof e){if("undefined"!=typeof ArrayBuffer&&e instanceof ArrayBuffer&&e.byteLength)return e.byteLength;if("undefined"!=typeof Blob&&e instanceof Blob&&e.size)return e.size;if(!("undefined"!=typeof FormData&&e instanceof FormData))try{return(0,j.A)(e).length}catch(e){return}}}var F=i(8139),B=i(7836),W=i(3434);const z={},q=["open","send"];function Z(t){var r=t||B.ee;const n=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("xhr")}(r);if(z[n.debugId]++)return n;z[n.debugId]=1,(0,F.u)(r);var i=(0,W.YM)(n),o=p.gm.XMLHttpRequest,a=p.gm.MutationObserver,s=p.gm.Promise,c=p.gm.setInterval,u="readystatechange",d=["onload","onerror","onabort","onloadstart","onloadend","onprogress","ontimeout"],l=[],f=p.gm.XMLHttpRequest=function(t){const r=new o(t),a=n.context(r);try{n.emit("new-xhr",[r],a),r.addEventListener(u,(s=a,function(){var e=this;e.readyState>3&&!s.resolved&&(s.resolved=!0,n.emit("xhr-resolved",[],e)),i.inPlace(e,d,"fn-",y)}),(0,A.jT)(!1))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(15,t);try{n.emit("internal-error",[t])}catch(e){}}var s;return r};function h(e,t){i.inPlace(t,["onreadystatechange"],"fn-",y)}if(function(e,t){for(var r in e)t[r]=e[r]}(o,f),f.prototype=o.prototype,i.inPlace(f.prototype,q,"-xhr-",y),n.on("send-xhr-start",(function(e,t){h(e,t),function(e){l.push(e),a&&(g?g.then(b):c?c(b):(m=-m,v.data=m))}(t)})),n.on("open-xhr-start",h),a){var g=s&&s.resolve();if(!c&&!s){var m=1,v=document.createTextNode(m);new a(b).observe(v,{characterData:!0})}}else r.on("fn-end",(function(e){e[0]&&e[0].type===u||b()}));function b(){for(var e=0;e<l.length;e++)h(0,l[e]);l.length&&(l=[])}function y(e,t){return t}return n}var Y="fetch-",X=Y+"body-",J=["arrayBuffer","blob","json","text","formData"],Q=p.gm.Request,ee=p.gm.Response,te="prototype";const re={};function ne(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("fetch")}(e);if(!(Q&&ee&&p.gm.fetch))return t;if(re[t.debugId]++)return t;function r(e,r,n){var i=e[r];"function"==typeof i&&(e[r]=function(){var e,r=[...arguments],o={};t.emit(n+"before-start",[r],o),o[B.P]&&o[B.P].dt&&(e=o[B.P].dt);var a=i.apply(this,r);return t.emit(n+"start",[r,e],a),a.then((function(e){return t.emit(n+"end",[null,e],a),e}),(function(e){throw t.emit(n+"end",[e],a),e}))})}return re[t.debugId]=1,J.forEach((e=>{r(Q[te],e,X),r(ee[te],e,X)})),r(p.gm,"fetch",Y),t.on(Y+"end",(function(e,r){var n=this;if(r){var i=r.headers.get("content-length");null!==i&&(n.rxSize=i),t.emit(Y+"done",[null,r],n)}else t.emit(Y+"done",[e],n)})),t}var ie=i(7485),oe=i(5603);class ae{constructor(e){this.agentIdentifier=e}generateTracePayload(e){if(!this.shouldGenerateTrace(e))return null;var t=(0,oe.o)(this.agentIdentifier);if(!t)return null;var n=(t.accountID||"").toString()||null,i=(t.agentID||"").toString()||null,o=(t.trustKey||"").toString()||null;if(!n||!i)return null;var a=(0,r.ZF)(),s=(0,r.el)(),c=Date.now(),u={spanId:a,traceId:s,timestamp:c};return(e.sameOrigin||this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useTraceContextHeadersForCors())&&(u.traceContextParentHeader=this.generateTraceContextParentHeader(a,s),u.traceContextStateHeader=this.generateTraceContextStateHeader(a,c,n,i,o)),(e.sameOrigin&&!this.excludeNewrelicHeader()||!e.sameOrigin&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useNewrelicHeaderForCors())&&(u.newrelicHeader=this.generateTraceHeader(a,s,c,n,i,o)),u}generateTraceContextParentHeader(e,t){return"00-"+t+"-"+e+"-01"}generateTraceContextStateHeader(e,t,r,n,i){return i+"@nr=0-1-"+r+"-"+n+"-"+e+"----"+t}generateTraceHeader(e,t,r,n,i,o){if(!("function"==typeof p.gm?.btoa))return null;var a={v:[0,1],d:{ty:"Browser",ac:n,ap:i,id:e,tr:t,ti:r}};return o&&n!==o&&(a.d.tk=o),btoa((0,j.A)(a))}shouldGenerateTrace(e){return this.isDtEnabled()&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)}isAllowedOrigin(e){var t=!1,r={};if((0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing")&&(r=(0,s.D0)(this.agentIdentifier).distributed_tracing),e.sameOrigin)t=!0;else if(r.allowed_origins instanceof Array)for(var n=0;n<r.allowed_origins.length;n++){var i=(0,ie.D)(r.allowed_origins[n]);if(e.hostname===i.hostname&&e.protocol===i.protocol&&e.port===i.port){t=!0;break}}return t}isDtEnabled(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.enabled}excludeNewrelicHeader(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.exclude_newrelic_header}useNewrelicHeaderForCors(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!1!==e.cors_use_newrelic_header}useTraceContextHeadersForCors(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.cors_use_tracecontext_headers}}var se=i(9300),ce=i(7295),ue=["load","error","abort","timeout"],de=ue.length,le=(0,R.dV)().o.REQ,fe=(0,R.dV)().o.XHR;class he extends b{static featureName=se.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,se.T,t),this.dt=new ae(e.agentIdentifier),this.handler=(e,t,r,n)=>(0,x.p)(e,t,r,n,this.ee);try{const e={xmlhttprequest:"xhr",fetch:"fetch",beacon:"beacon"};p.gm?.performance?.getEntriesByType("resource").forEach((t=>{if(t.initiatorType in e&&0!==t.responseStatus){const r={status:t.responseStatus},n={rxSize:t.transferSize,duration:Math.floor(t.duration),cbTime:0};pe(r,t.name),this.handler("xhr",[r,n,t.startTime,t.responseEnd,e[t.initiatorType]],void 0,a.K7.ajax)}}))}catch(e){}ne(this.ee),Z(this.ee),function(e,t,r,n){function i(e){var t=this;t.totalCbs=0,t.called=0,t.cbTime=0,t.end=R,t.ended=!1,t.xhrGuids={},t.lastSize=null,t.loadCaptureCalled=!1,t.params=this.params||{},t.metrics=this.metrics||{},e.addEventListener("load",(function(r){T(t,e)}),(0,A.jT)(!1)),p.lR||e.addEventListener("progress",(function(e){t.lastSize=e.loaded}),(0,A.jT)(!1))}function o(e){this.params={method:e[0]},pe(this,e[1]),this.metrics={}}function s(t,r){e.loader_config.xpid&&this.sameOrigin&&r.setRequestHeader("X-NewRelic-ID",e.loader_config.xpid);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i){var o=!1;i.newrelicHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader("newrelic",i.newrelicHeader),o=!0),i.traceContextParentHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader("traceparent",i.traceContextParentHeader),i.traceContextStateHeader&&r.setRequestHeader("tracestate",i.traceContextStateHeader),o=!0),o&&(this.dt=i)}}function c(e,r){var n=this.metrics,i=e[0],o=this;if(n&&i){var a=G(i);a&&(n.txSize=a)}this.startTime=(0,S.t)(),this.body=i,this.listener=function(e){try{"abort"!==e.type||o.loadCaptureCalled||(o.params.aborted=!0),("load"!==e.type||o.called===o.totalCbs&&(o.onloadCalled||"function"!=typeof r.onload)&&"function"==typeof o.end)&&o.end(r)}catch(e){try{t.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}}};for(var s=0;s<de;s++)r.addEventListener(ue[s],this.listener,(0,A.jT)(!1))}function u(e,t,r){this.cbTime+=e,t?this.onloadCalled=!0:this.called+=1,this.called!==this.totalCbs||!this.onloadCalled&&"function"==typeof r.onload||"function"!=typeof this.end||this.end(r)}function d(e,t){var r=""+V(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&!this.xhrGuids[r]&&(this.xhrGuids[r]=!0,this.totalCbs+=1)}function l(e,t){var r=""+V(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&this.xhrGuids[r]&&(delete this.xhrGuids[r],this.totalCbs-=1)}function f(){this.endTime=(0,S.t)()}function h(e,r){r instanceof fe&&"load"===e[0]&&t.emit("xhr-load-added",[e[1],e[2]],r)}function g(e,r){r instanceof fe&&"load"===e[0]&&t.emit("xhr-load-removed",[e[1],e[2]],r)}function m(e,t,r){t instanceof fe&&("onload"===r&&(this.onload=!0),("load"===(e[0]&&e[0].type)||this.onload)&&(this.xhrCbStart=(0,S.t)()))}function v(e,r){this.xhrCbStart&&t.emit("xhr-cb-time",[(0,S.t)()-this.xhrCbStart,this.onload,r],r)}function b(e){var t,r=e[1]||{};if("string"==typeof e[0]?0===(t=e[0]).length&&p.RI&&(t=""+p.gm.location.href):e[0]&&e[0].url?t=e[0].url:p.gm?.URL&&e[0]&&e[0]instanceof URL?t=e[0].href:"function"==typeof e[0].toString&&(t=e[0].toString()),"string"==typeof t&&0!==t.length){t&&(this.parsedOrigin=(0,ie.D)(t),this.sameOrigin=this.parsedOrigin.sameOrigin);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i&&(i.newrelicHeader||i.traceContextParentHeader))if(e[0]&&e[0].headers)s(e[0].headers,i)&&(this.dt=i);else{var o={};for(var a in r)o[a]=r[a];o.headers=new Headers(r.headers||{}),s(o.headers,i)&&(this.dt=i),e.length>1?e[1]=o:e.push(o)}}function s(e,t){var r=!1;return t.newrelicHeader&&(e.set("newrelic",t.newrelicHeader),r=!0),t.traceContextParentHeader&&(e.set("traceparent",t.traceContextParentHeader),t.traceContextStateHeader&&e.set("tracestate",t.traceContextStateHeader),r=!0),r}}function y(e,t){this.params={},this.metrics={},this.startTime=(0,S.t)(),this.dt=t,e.length>=1&&(this.target=e[0]),e.length>=2&&(this.opts=e[1]);var r,n=this.opts||{},i=this.target;"string"==typeof i?r=i:"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof le?r=i.url:p.gm?.URL&&"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof URL&&(r=i.href),pe(this,r);var o=(""+(i&&i instanceof le&&i.method||n.method||"GET")).toUpperCase();this.params.method=o,this.body=n.body,this.txSize=G(n.body)||0}function w(e,t){if(this.endTime=(0,S.t)(),this.params||(this.params={}),(0,ce.iW)(this.params))return;let n;this.params.status=t?t.status:0,"string"==typeof this.rxSize&&this.rxSize.length>0&&(n=+this.rxSize);const i={txSize:this.txSize,rxSize:n,duration:(0,S.t)()-this.startTime};r("xhr",[this.params,i,this.startTime,this.endTime,"fetch"],this,a.K7.ajax)}function R(e){const t=this.params,n=this.metrics;if(!this.ended){this.ended=!0;for(let t=0;t<de;t++)e.removeEventListener(ue[t],this.listener,!1);t.aborted||(0,ce.iW)(t)||(n.duration=(0,S.t)()-this.startTime,this.loadCazptureCalled||4!==e.readyState?null==t.status&&(t.status=0):T(this,e),n.cbTime=this.cbTime,r("xhr",[t,n,this.startTime,this.endTime,"xhr"],this,a.K7.ajax))}}function T(e,r){e.params.status=r.status;var n=function(e,t){var r=e.responseType;return"json"===r&&null!==t?t:"arraybuffer"===r||"blob"===r||"json"===r?G(e.response):"text"===r||""===r||void 0===r?G(e.responseText):void 0}(r,e.lastSize);if(n&&(e.metrics.rxSize=n),e.sameOrigin){var i=r.getResponseHeader("X-NewRelic-App-Data");i&&((0,x.p)(O.rs,["Ajax/CrossApplicationTracing/Header/Seen"],void 0,a.K7.metrics,t),e.params.cat=i.split(", ").pop())}e.loadCaptureCalled=!0}t.on("new-xhr",i),t.on("open-xhr-start",o),t.on("open-xhr-end",s),t.on("send-xhr-start",c),t.on("xhr-cb-time",u),t.on("xhr-load-added",d),t.on("xhr-load-removed",l),t.on("xhr-resolved",f),t.on("addEventListener-end",h),t.on("removeEventListener-end",g),t.on("fn-end",v),t.on("fetch-before-start",b),t.on("fetch-start",y),t.on("fn-start",m),t.on("fetch-done",w)}(e,this.ee,this.handler,this.dt),this.importAggregator(e)}}function pe(e,t){var r=(0,ie.D)(t),n=e.params||e;n.hostname=r.hostname,n.port=r.port,n.protocol=r.protocol,n.host=r.hostname+":"+r.port,n.pathname=r.pathname,e.parsedOrigin=r,e.sameOrigin=r.sameOrigin}const ge={},me=["pushState","replaceState"];function ve(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("history")}(e);return!p.RI||ge[t.debugId]++||(ge[t.debugId]=1,(0,W.YM)(t).inPlace(window.history,me,"-")),t}var be=i(3738);const{He:ye,bD:we,d3:Re,Kp:xe,TZ:Te,Lc:Ae,uP:Ee,Rz:Se}=be;class Ne extends b{static featureName=Te;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,Te,t);if(!(0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier))return void this.deregisterDrain();const r=this.ee;let n;ve(r),this.eventsEE=(0,F.u)(r),this.eventsEE.on(Ee,(function(e,t){this.bstStart=(0,S.t)()})),this.eventsEE.on(Ae,(function(e,t){(0,x.p)("bst",[e[0],t,this.bstStart,(0,S.t)()],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),r.on(Se+Re,(function(e){this.time=(0,S.t)(),this.startPath=location.pathname+location.hash})),r.on(Se+xe,(function(e){(0,x.p)("bstHist",[location.pathname+location.hash,this.startPath,this.time],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)}));try{n=new PerformanceObserver((e=>{const t=e.getEntries();(0,x.p)(ye,[t],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),n.observe({type:we,buffered:!0})}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(e,{resourceObserver:n})}}var Oe=i(2614);class _e extends b{static featureName=t.TZ;#i;#o;constructor(e,r=!0){let n;super(e,t.TZ,r),this.replayRunning=!1,this.#o=e;try{n=JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem("".concat(Oe.H3,"_").concat(Oe.uh)))}catch(e){}(0,g.SR)(e.agentIdentifier)&&this.ee.on(t.G4.RECORD,(()=>this.#a())),this.#s(n)?(this.#i=n?.sessionReplayMode,this.#c()):this.importAggregator(e),this.ee.on("err",(e=>{this.replayRunning&&(this.errorNoticed=!0,(0,x.p)(t.G4.ERROR_DURING_REPLAY,[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee))})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=>{this.replayRunning=e}))}#s(e){return e&&(e.sessionReplayMode===Oe.g.FULL||e.sessionReplayMode===Oe.g.ERROR)||(0,g.Aw)(this.agentIdentifier)}#u=!1;async#c(e){if(!this.#u){this.#u=!0;try{const{Recorder:t}=await Promise.all([i.e(478),i.e(249)]).then(i.bind(i,8589));this.recorder??=new t({mode:this.#i,agentIdentifier:this.agentIdentifier,trigger:e,ee:this.ee}),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(this.#o,{recorder:this.recorder,errorNoticed:this.errorNoticed})}}#a(){this.featAggregate?this.featAggregate.mode!==Oe.g.FULL&&this.featAggregate.initializeRecording(Oe.g.FULL,!0):(this.#i=Oe.g.FULL,this.#c(t.Qb.API),this.recorder&&this.recorder.parent.mode!==Oe.g.FULL&&(this.recorder.parent.mode=Oe.g.FULL,this.recorder.stopRecording(),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording))}}var Ie=i(3962);class je extends b{static featureName=Ie.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){if(super(e,Ie.TZ,t),!p.RI||!(0,R.dV)().o.MO)return;const r=ve(this.ee);Ie.tC.forEach((e=>{(0,A.sp)(e,(e=>{a(e)}),!0)}));const n=()=>(0,x.p)("newURL",[(0,S.t)(),""+window.location],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee);r.on("pushState-end",n),r.on("replaceState-end",n);try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}(0,A.sp)("popstate",(e=>(0,x.p)("newURL",[e.timeStamp,""+window.location],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)),!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal);let i=!1;const o=new((0,R.dV)().o.MO)(((e,t)=>{i||(i=!0,requestAnimationFrame((()=>{(0,x.p)("newDom",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee),i=!1})))})),a=(0,v.s)((e=>{(0,x.p)("newUIEvent",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee),o.observe(document.body,{attributes:!0,childList:!0,subtree:!0,characterData:!0})}),100,{leading:!0});this.abortHandler=function(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),o.disconnect(),this.abortHandler=void 0},this.importAggregator(e,{domObserver:o})}}var Pe=i(7378);const Ce={},ke=["appendChild","insertBefore","replaceChild"];function Le(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("jsonp")}(e);if(!p.RI||Ce[t.debugId])return t;Ce[t.debugId]=!0;var r=(0,W.YM)(t),n=/[?&](?:callback|cb)=([^&#]+)/,i=/(.*)\.([^.]+)/,o=/^(\w+)(\.|$)(.*)$/;function a(e,t){if(!e)return t;const r=e.match(o),n=r[1];return a(r[3],t[n])}return r.inPlace(Node.prototype,ke,"dom-"),t.on("dom-start",(function(e){!function(e){if(!e||"string"!=typeof e.nodeName||"script"!==e.nodeName.toLowerCase())return;if("function"!=typeof e.addEventListener)return;var o=(s=e.src,c=s.match(n),c?c[1]:null);var s,c;if(!o)return;var u=function(e){var t=e.match(i);if(t&&t.length>=3)return{key:t[2],parent:a(t[1],window)};return{key:e,parent:window}}(o);if("function"!=typeof u.parent[u.key])return;var d={};function l(){t.emit("jsonp-end",[],d),e.removeEventListener("load",l,(0,A.jT)(!1)),e.removeEventListener("error",f,(0,A.jT)(!1))}function f(){t.emit("jsonp-error",[],d),t.emit("jsonp-end",[],d),e.removeEventListener("load",l,(0,A.jT)(!1)),e.removeEventListener("error",f,(0,A.jT)(!1))}r.inPlace(u.parent,[u.key],"cb-",d),e.addEventListener("load",l,(0,A.jT)(!1)),e.addEventListener("error",f,(0,A.jT)(!1)),t.emit("new-jsonp",[e.src],d)}(e[0])})),t}const He={};function De(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("promise")}(e);if(He[t.debugId])return t;He[t.debugId]=!0;var r=t.context,n=(0,W.YM)(t),i=p.gm.Promise;return i&&function(){function e(r){var o=t.context(),a=n(r,"executor-",o,null,!1);const s=Reflect.construct(i,[a],e);return t.context(s).getCtx=function(){return o},s}p.gm.Promise=e,Object.defineProperty(e,"name",{value:"Promise"}),e.toString=function(){return i.toString()},Object.setPrototypeOf(e,i),["all","race"].forEach((function(r){const n=i[r];e[r]=function(e){let i=!1;[...e||[]].forEach((e=>{this.resolve(e).then(a("all"===r),a(!1))}));const o=n.apply(this,arguments);return o;function a(e){return function(){t.emit("propagate",[null,!i],o,!1,!1),i=i||!e}}}})),["resolve","reject"].forEach((function(r){const n=i[r];e[r]=function(e){const r=n.apply(this,arguments);return e!==r&&t.emit("propagate",[e,!0],r,!1,!1),r}})),e.prototype=i.prototype;const o=i.prototype.then;i.prototype.then=function(...e){var i=this,a=r(i);a.promise=i,e[0]=n(e[0],"cb-",a,null,!1),e[1]=n(e[1],"cb-",a,null,!1);const s=o.apply(this,e);return a.nextPromise=s,t.emit("propagate",[i,!0],s,!1,!1),s},i.prototype.then[W.Jt]=o,t.on("executor-start",(function(e){e[0]=n(e[0],"resolve-",this,null,!1),e[1]=n(e[1],"resolve-",this,null,!1)})),t.on("executor-err",(function(e,t,r){e[1](r)})),t.on("cb-end",(function(e,r,n){t.emit("propagate",[n,!0],this.nextPromise,!1,!1)})),t.on("propagate",(function(e,r,n){this.getCtx&&!r||(this.getCtx=function(){if(e instanceof Promise)var r=t.context(e);return r&&r.getCtx?r.getCtx():this})}))}(),t}const Me={},Ke="setTimeout",Ue="setInterval",Ve="clearTimeout",Ge="-start",Fe=[Ke,"setImmediate",Ue,Ve,"clearImmediate"];function Be(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("timer")}(e);if(Me[t.debugId]++)return t;Me[t.debugId]=1;var r=(0,W.YM)(t);return r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(0,2),Ke+"-"),r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(2,3),Ue+"-"),r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(3),Ve+"-"),t.on(Ue+Ge,(function(e,t,n){e[0]=r(e[0],"fn-",null,n)})),t.on(Ke+Ge,(function(e,t,n){this.method=n,this.timerDuration=isNaN(e[1])?0:+e[1],e[0]=r(e[0],"fn-",this,n)})),t}const We={};function ze(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("mutation")}(e);if(!p.RI||We[t.debugId])return t;We[t.debugId]=!0;var r=(0,W.YM)(t),n=p.gm.MutationObserver;return n&&(window.MutationObserver=function(e){return this instanceof n?new n(r(e,"fn-")):n.apply(this,arguments)},MutationObserver.prototype=n.prototype),t}const{TZ:qe,d3:Ze,Kp:Ye,$p:Xe,wW:Je,e5:Qe,tH:$e,uP:et,rw:tt,Lc:rt}=Pe;class nt extends b{static featureName=qe;constructor(e,t=!0){if(super(e,qe,t),!p.RI)return;try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}let r,n=0;const i=this.ee.get("tracer"),o=Le(this.ee),a=De(this.ee),s=Be(this.ee),c=Z(this.ee),u=this.ee.get("events"),d=ne(this.ee),l=ve(this.ee),f=ze(this.ee);function h(e,t){l.emit("newURL",[""+window.location,t])}function g(){n++,r=window.location.hash,this[et]=(0,S.t)()}function m(){n--,window.location.hash!==r&&h(0,!0);var e=(0,S.t)();this[Qe]=~~this[Qe]+e-this[et],this[rt]=e}function v(e,t){e.on(t,(function(){this[t]=(0,S.t)()}))}this.ee.on(et,g),a.on(tt,g),o.on(tt,g),this.ee.on(rt,m),a.on(Je,m),o.on(Je,m),this.ee.on("fn-err",((...t)=>{t[2]?.__newrelic?.[e.agentIdentifier]||(0,x.p)("function-err",[...t],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})),this.ee.buffer([et,rt,"xhr-resolved"],this.featureName),u.buffer([et],this.featureName),s.buffer(["setTimeout"+Ye,"clearTimeout"+Ze,et],this.featureName),c.buffer([et,"new-xhr","send-xhr"+Ze],this.featureName),d.buffer([$e+Ze,$e+"-done",$e+Xe+Ze,$e+Xe+Ye],this.featureName),l.buffer(["newURL"],this.featureName),f.buffer([et],this.featureName),a.buffer(["propagate",tt,Je,"executor-err","resolve"+Ze],this.featureName),i.buffer([et,"no-"+et],this.featureName),o.buffer(["new-jsonp","cb-start","jsonp-error","jsonp-end"],this.featureName),v(d,$e+Ze),v(d,$e+"-done"),v(o,"new-jsonp"),v(o,"jsonp-end"),v(o,"cb-start"),l.on("pushState-end",h),l.on("replaceState-end",h),window.addEventListener("hashchange",h,(0,A.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),window.addEventListener("load",h,(0,A.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),window.addEventListener("popstate",(function(){h(0,n>1)}),(0,A.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),this.abortHandler=this.#n,this.importAggregator(e)}#n(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}}var it=i(3333);class ot extends b{static featureName=it.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,it.TZ,t);const r=[e.init.page_action.enabled,e.init.performance.capture_marks,e.init.performance.capture_measures,e.init.user_actions.enabled];p.RI&&e.init.user_actions.enabled&&(it.Zp.forEach((e=>(0,A.sp)(e,(e=>(0,x.p)("ua",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)),!0))),it.qN.forEach((e=>(0,A.sp)(e,(e=>(0,x.p)("ua",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)))))),r.some((e=>e))?this.importAggregator(e):this.deregisterDrain()}}var at=i(993),st=i(3785);class ct extends b{static featureName=at.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,at.TZ,t);const r=this.ee;this.ee.on("wrap-logger-end",(function([e]){const{level:t,customAttributes:n}=this;(0,st.R)(r,e,n,t)})),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t,r){super(r),p.gm?(this.features={},(0,R.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(w),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,d.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,R.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[he,w,N,Ne,_e,_,D,ot,ct,je,nt],loaderType:"spa"})})()})();</script> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta http-equiv="Cache-control" content="public"> <link rel="icon" href="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/favicon.ico"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10"> <title>CBSE Class 10 - Get CBSE Class 10 Syllabus, Solutions & Sample Papers Online - TopperLearning</title> <meta name="keywords" content="CBSE Class 10, Class 10 CBSE, CBSE 10th class, 10th class CBSE, CBSE 10th, TopperLearning"> <meta name="description" content="CBSE Class 10 - TopperLearning provides study material for CBSE Class 10. Sign up now & access all the required study materials for CBSE Class 10 online!"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="342401299158646"> <!-- Open Graph data --> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <meta property="og:title" content="CBSE Class 10 - Get CBSE Class 10 Syllabus, Solutions & Sample Papers Online - TopperLearning"> <meta property="og:description" content="CBSE Class 10 - TopperLearning provides study material for CBSE Class 10. Sign up now & access all the required study materials for CBSE Class 10 online!"> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/default_share_image.jpg"> <meta property="og:site_name" content="TopperLearning"> <meta name="p:domain_verify" content="67113424731c6df9a279f3d83192a005"> <!-- Twitter Card data --> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@topperlearning"> <meta name="twitter:title" content="CBSE Class 10 - Get CBSE Class 10 Syllabus, Solutions & Sample Papers Online - TopperLearning"> <meta name="twitter:description" content="CBSE Class 10 - TopperLearning provides study material for CBSE Class 10. Sign up now & access all the required study materials for CBSE Class 10 online!"> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://images.topperlearning.com/mimg/topper/default_share_image.jpg"> <!-- Schema.org markup for Google+ --> <meta itemprop="name" content="CBSE Class 10 - Get CBSE Class 10 Syllabus, Solutions & Sample Papers Online - TopperLearning"> <meta itemprop="description" content="CBSE Class 10 - TopperLearning provides study material for CBSE Class 10. Sign up now & access all the required study materials for CBSE Class 10 online!"> <meta itemprop="image" content="https://images.topperlearning.com/mimg/topper/default_share_image.jpg"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.googletagmanager.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.google-analytics.com"> <style> html { height: 100% } html, body, div, span, applet, object, iframe, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, blockquote, pre, a, abbr, acronym, address, big, cite, code, del, dfn, em, img, ins, kbd, q, s, samp, small, strike, strong, sub, sup, tt, var, b, u, i, center, dl, dt, dd, ol, ul, li, fieldset, form, label, legend, table, caption, tbody, tfoot, thead, tr, th, td, article, aside, canvas, details, embed, figure, figcaption, footer, header, hgroup, menu, nav, output, ruby, section, summary, time, mark, audio, video { margin: 0; padding: 0; border: 0; font-size: 100% } article, aside, details, figcaption, figure, footer, header, hgroup, menu, nav, section { display: block } body { line-height: 1; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14px; word-break: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; position: relative; color: #3e3e3e } ol, ul { list-style: none } blockquote, q { quotes: none } blockquote:before, blockquote:after, q:before, q:after { content: ''; content: none } table { border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0 } a { text-decoration: none } a:focus, input:focus, textarea:focus, button:focus, select:focus { outline: 0 } html { scroll-behavior: smooth; -webkit-box-sizing: border-box; -moz-box-sizing: border-box; box-sizing: border-box } *, *:before, *:after { -webkit-box-sizing: inherit; -moz-box-sizing: inherit; box-sizing: inherit } button { border: 0; background: 0 } button svg { pointer-events: none } a { color: #0f588a } input[type=number]::-webkit-inner-spin-button { -webkit-appearance: none; background: 0 } input:-webkit-autofill, input:-webkit-autofill:hover, input:-webkit-autofill:focus, input:-webkit-autofill:active { -webkit-box-shadow: 0 0 0 30px #d8d8d8 inset !important } .max-container { max-width: 1150px; margin: 0 auto } .txtcenter { text-align: center } .marginauto { margin: 0 auto } button { cursor: pointer } .modal-title-main { font: normal normal bold 18px/28px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; color: #006fb9; position: relative } .modal-title-main::after { position: absolute; content: ''; width: 25px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f16911; bottom: -5px; left: 0; right: 0; margin: 0 auto } .clear { clear: both } .title { font: normal normal 600 16px/22px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 15px } .page-title { font: bold 24px/32px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0; color: #005c99; text-transform: capitalize; position: relative; margin-bottom: 30px; text-align: left; max-width: 100% } .page-title em { font-style: normal; position: relative } .page-title:after, .page-title em:after { position: absolute; content: ''; width: 25px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f16911; bottom: -15px; left: 0; margin: 0 auto } .page-title span { display: block; font: normal normal normal 16px/24px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } .section-title { font: normal normal bold 22px/27px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0; color: #005c99; position: relative; margin-bottom: 30px; text-transform: capitalize } .section-title:after { position: absolute; content: ''; width: 25px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f16911; bottom: -15px; left: 0; margin: 0 auto } .section-title span { display: block; font: normal normal normal 16px/24px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } .section-subttl { color: #f16911; font: normal normal bold 12px/24px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center } .sec-sub-title { font: normal normal normal 16px/22px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } .txt-blue { color: #006fb9 } .bg-gray { background: #f5f5f5 } .flex-start { display: flex; justify-content: flex-start; align-items: center } .flex-space { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center } .blue-btn { background: transparent linear-gradient(90deg, #006fb9 0, #0c7ac3 53%, #43acf2 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 3px 6px #00000042; border-radius: 0 12px; padding: 10px 25px; text-align: center; font: bold 14px/17px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; color: #FFF; display: table; margin: 0 auto } .org-btn { background: transparent linear-gradient(90deg, #f16911 0, #f87c27 47%, #ff9140 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 3px 9px #00000042; border-radius: 0 12px; padding: 10px 25px; text-align: center; font: bold 14px/17px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; color: #FFF; display: table; margin: 0 auto; cursor: pointer } .ovh { overflow: hidden } .spacer { margin: 30px auto } .abt--tl-sec.pad60, .pad60 { padding: 60px 0 } .pad30 { padding: 30px 0 } .padb30 { padding-bottom: 30px } .abt--tl-sec .abt-desc.wdauto { width: auto } .mxwidth810 { max-width: 810px; width: 100% } .db-content p { font: normal normal normal 16px/22px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; margin-bottom: 20px; color: #3e3e3e; text-align: left !important } .db-content p img { vertical-align: middle } .db-content ul li { font: 400 16px/22px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; margin-left: 15px; padding-bottom: 15px; color: #3e3e3e } .db-content ul li::before { content: ''; width: 7px; height: 7px; background: #999; border-radius: 50%; display: block; margin: 5px 10px 0 -15px; float: left } .db-content ul li img { vertical-align: middle } .db-content table tr td { padding: 8px; border: 1px solid #000 } .db-content ol li { font: 400 16px/22px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; margin-left: 15px; padding-bottom: 15px; color: #3e3e3e } .greentext { color: #668c80 } .ic-arrow { width: 23px; height: 23px; border-radius: 50%; background: transparent linear-gradient(180deg, #668c80 0, #75af9d 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; color: #fff; box-shadow: 0 2px 3px #00000029; border: 1px solid #fff } .lan-ttl { padding: 15px 0; font-weight: bold } .fntbold { font-weight: bold } .req-call-wrap { display: none } .ad-banner { text-align: center; margin: 10px auto; display: block } .ad-banner div { display: inline-block; width: 100% } .bottom-nav { max-width: 750px; border: 1px solid #1b80c3; border-radius: 25px 25px 0 0; margin: 0 auto; position: sticky; bottom: 50px; overflow: hidden; z-index: 1 } .bottom-links { display: flex; justify-content: space-around; align-items: center } .bottom-links a { font: normal normal 600 14px/16px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; height: 48px; width: 20%; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; color: #006fb9 } .bottom-links a:nth-of-type(odd) { background: #f2f2f2 } .bottom-links a:nth-of-type(even) { background: #fff } .bottom-links a i { padding-right: 7px; display: flex } .abt--tl-sec { padding: 30px 0 } .abt--tl-sec .abt-desc { width: 670px; margin: 0 auto } .abt--tl-sec .abt-desc p { font: normal normal normal 16px/22px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; margin-bottom: 20px; text-align: justify } /* .abt--tl-sec .abt-desc p span { font: normal normal normal 16px/22px 'Open Sans', sans-serif !important } */ .abt--tl-sec .abt-desc .rm-btn { font: normal normal 600 15px/24px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0; border: 0; background: 0; cursor: pointer; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 20px } .abt--tl-sec .abt-desc .rm-btn:hover { opacity: .8 } .abt--tl-sec .abt-desc .rm-btn span { font-size: 18px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top } .faq-section { padding: 50px 0 60px; background: #f7f7f7 } .max-width-class { max-width: 1150px; margin: 0 auto } .bg-white { background: #fff } .accordions { overflow: hidden; margin: 30px 0 0 } .accordion { width: 100%; color: #3e3e3e; overflow: hidden; border-bottom: 1px solid #707070 } .accordion-label { display: -webkit-box; display: flex; -webkit-box-pack: justify; justify-content: space-between; padding: 10px 30px 10px 0; font: 600 16px/28px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; cursor: pointer; color: #3e3e3e; position: relative } .accordion-label::after { content: "\203A"; width: 1em; height: 1em; text-align: center; -webkit-transition: all .35s; transition: all .35s; font-weight: 100; font-size: 30px; -webkit-transform: rotate(90deg); transform: rotate(90deg); color: #707070; opacity: .8; position: absolute; right: 0 } .accordion-content { max-height: 0; padding: 0; color: #2c3e50; -webkit-transition: all .35s; transition: all .35s; font: 400 16px/28px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } .accordion-close { display: -webkit-box; display: flex; -webkit-box-pack: end; justify-content: flex-end; padding: 1em; font-size: .75em; cursor: pointer } .accordion input { position: absolute; opacity: 0; z-index: -1 } .accordion-close:hover { background: #1a252f } input:checked+.accordion-label { font-weight: 700 } input:checked+.accordion-label::after { -webkit-transform: rotate(270deg); transform: rotate(270deg); right: 4px } input:checked~.accordion-content { max-height: 100vh; padding: 10px 0 } .accordion-content span { font-size: 16px !important } .glide { position: relative; width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box } .glide * { box-sizing: inherit } .glide__track { overflow: hidden } .glide__slides { position: relative; width: 100%; list-style: none; backface-visibility: hidden; transform-style: preserve-3d; touch-action: pan-Y; overflow: hidden; margin: 0; padding: 0; white-space: nowrap; display: flex; flex-wrap: nowrap; will-change: transform } .glide__slides--dragging { user-select: none } .glide__slide { width: 100%; height: 100%; flex-shrink: 0; white-space: normal; user-select: none; -webkit-touch-callout: none; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent } .glide__slide a { user-select: none; -webkit-user-drag: none; -moz-user-select: none; -ms-user-select: none } .glide__arrows { -webkit-touch-callout: none; user-select: none } .glide__bullets { -webkit-touch-callout: none; user-select: none } .glide--rtl { direction: rtl } .success-stories-section { padding: 40px 0 0 } .success-stories-section .success-wrap { background: url('/assets/v1/images/quote.png') no-repeat top left, url('/assets/v1/images/quote-close.png') no-repeat right 90%; padding: 30px 0 0 } #successStory li { text-align: center } #successStory li img { border-radius: 50%; border: 9px solid rgba(186, 186, 186, 0.4); margin-top: -78px; width: 146px; height: 146px; background: #fff } .succ-desc { margin: 17px 20px 0 } .succ-quote { text-align: center; font: 400 14px/20px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0; color: #3e3e3e } .succ-name { text-align: center; font: 700 14px/20px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0; color: #3e3e3e; margin: 30px 0 5px } .succ-std { text-align: center; font: 400 14px/20px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0; font-style: italic; color: #3e3e3e } .succ-name.blue-txt { color: #006fb9 } .succ-nortxt { font-style: normal } .success-stories-section .success-wrap.success-nobg { background: 0 } #successStory { margin: 0 } #successList { display: flex; justify-content: space-around; padding: 80px 0 100px } #successList li { width: 28%; max-width: 336px; background: #fff 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 0 9px #00000029; border-radius: 18px; width: 336px; height: 360px } #successStory.nobutton .glide__arrows { display: none } #successStory .glide__arrows { position: absolute; top: 42%; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; width: 100% } #successStory .glide__arrow { height: 50px; width: 50px; background: #006fb9; border: 0; cursor: pointer; border-radius: 10px } #successStory .glide__arrow--right { right: 100%; left: auto } #getintouch { position: fixed; top: 50%; left: 0; cursor: pointer; padding: 0; background: transparent linear-gradient(90deg, #f16911 0, #ff9140 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; z-index: 99; border-radius: 0 6px 6px 0; width: 35px; height: 35px } .row-wrap { display: flex; justify-content: flex-start; align-items: center; border-bottom: 2px solid #f0f0f0; padding: 10px 0 } .ic-wrap { width: 47px; height: 47px; border-radius: 50%; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; flex-shrink: 0; margin-right: 12px } .ic-wrap img { max-width: 100% } .get-cont { color: #3e3e3e; font: 400 16px/22px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } .get-cont span { font-weight: 600; display: block } .modal-content .soc-wrap { margin: 15px 0 0; justify-content: flex-start } .get-cont .form-group { margin-top: 4px; display: flex } .get-cont .form-group form { display: flex } .inputbox { width: 170px; background: #dbdbdb; border-radius: 0 12px; padding: 5px 22px 5px 10px; border: 0; font: 400 13px/24px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } .get-cont .btn-submit { border: 0; margin-left: -15px; padding: 10px 15px; text-transform: uppercase } #getinModal .close { display: block; text-align: right; padding: 5px 10px 0 0; cursor: pointer; margin-bottom: 0; background: 0 } #getinModal .modal-title-main-div { padding: 0 20px 25px } .call-wrap { display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; padding-bottom: 10px } .call-wrap h4 { color: #333; font: 700 14px/20px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; margin-left: 12px } .call-wrap .ic-wts { left: 18px; top: -6px } #schoolModal .modal-content { padding: 20px 15px } .menu-content { padding: 0; color: #2c3e50; -webkit-transition: all .35s; transition: all .35s; font: 400 16px/28px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } .menu-content ul li { border-bottom: 2px solid #f2f2f2; padding: 3px 0 } .menu-content ul li:last-child { border-bottom: 0 } #searchModal .modal-content { padding: 20px 15px } .search-input { background: #dfdfdf; border-radius: 11px; padding: 10px 12px; border: 0; width: calc(100% - 24px); font: normal normal normal 16px/28px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; margin-bottom: 10px } .search-content { background: #efefef; border-radius: 12px } .search-content ul li { font: 600 15px/15px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; border-bottom: 1px solid #bababa; margin: 0 10px } .search-content ul li a { color: #3e3e3e; padding: 12px 0; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center } .search-content ul li:last-child { border-bottom: 0 } .gsc-control-cse { background: none !important; border: none !important; padding: 0 !important } #searchModal .gsc-input-box { background: #d9d9d9 !important; border: none !important; font: normal normal normal 16px/16px sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } #searchModal .gsc-control-cse { padding: 0 } .gsc-control { width: 142px !important } .gsc-clear-button { display: none !important } .gsc-input-box { border: none !important; background: #d9d9d9 !important; padding: 0 !important } .gsc-search-button-v2 { padding: 0 !important; background-color: #f16911 !important; border-radius: 50% !important; width: 27px !important; height: 27px !important; border-color: #f16911 !important; border: none !important } .gsib_a { padding: 0 !important } table.gsc-search-box td.gsc-input { padding-right: 0 !important } .gsc-input { background: none !important; border: none !important } form.gsc-search-box { margin-bottom: 0 !important } .gsst_a .gscb_a { color: #bbb !important } .header-login-wrap .gsst_a { padding: 0 4px } .gssb_a, .gssb_a td { line-height: 26px; font-size: 14px; font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif } .gssb_a { padding: 0 0 0 9px } .enroll-section { background: transparent linear-gradient(90deg, #f16911 0, #ff9140 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; padding: 2px 0 5px; position: fixed; bottom: 0; width: 100%; z-index: 1 } .enroll-txt-wrap { display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center } .enroll-txt { margin: 0 30px 0 0; font: 400 15px/18px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0; color: #fff; opacity: 1 } .enroll-txt span { font-size: 18px } .enroll-btn .org-btn { background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); border-radius: 0 12px; color: #3e3e3e } .slant-box { overflow: hidden } .slant-box::after { content: ''; width: 0; height: 0; border-style: solid; border-width: 61px 0 0 54px; border-color: #007bff transparent transparent transparent; transform: rotate(89deg); position: absolute; right: 3px; bottom: -4px; overflow: hidden } .right-arrow { position: absolute; right: -24px; bottom: 35px; z-index: 1 } .right-arrow::after { content: '\203A'; width: 1em; height: 1em; text-align: center; -webkit-transition: all .35s; transition: all .35s; font-weight: 100; display: block; color: #fff; position: absolute; top: 3px; right: 18px; font-size: 40px; transform: rotate(-14deg) } #qmenu-overlay { position: fixed; top: 0; left: 0; bottom: 0; right: 0; display: none; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7); overflow: auto; z-index: 999 } .popup-overlay, .pop-overlay { position: fixed; top: 0; left: 0; bottom: 0; right: 0; display: none; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7); overflow: auto; z-index: 9999 } .modal-class { position: relative; background-color: #fff; width: 96%; margin: inherit; top: 50%; left: 50%; transform: translate(-50%, -50%); padding: 7px 0; max-width: 360px; border-radius: 17px; border: 1px solid #707070 } .modal-title-div { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; padding: 10px 20px 0 } .modal-title-main-div { display: flex; justify-content: center; padding: 0 20px 16px } .modal-title { color: #006fb9; font: normal normal bold 18px/46px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; position: relative } .modal-content { padding: 0 20px 20px; position: relative } .open { display: block } .btn-wrap { display: flex; justify-content: center; margin: 20px auto 15px } .btn-wrap button { margin: 0 10px; cursor: pointer } #schoolModal .menu-content ul, .boardModal .menu-content ul { margin-left: 0 } #schoolModal .menu-content ul li, .boardModal .menu-content ul li { padding: 5px 0; font: normal normal normal 15px/20px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } .sm-modal .modal-class { max-width: 300px; top: 50%; left: 50%; transform: translate(-50%, -50%); margin: inherit } .ms-modal .modal-class { max-width: 415px; top: 50%; left: 50%; transform: translate(-50%, -50%); margin: inherit } .menu-content ul li button { color: #1c81c4; font-size: 15px } .close { display: block; text-align: right; padding: 5px 10px 0 0; cursor: pointer } #back2Top { position: fixed; right: 12%; bottom: 60px; cursor: pointer; opacity: 1; -moz-transform: rotate(0); -webkit-transform: rotate(0); -o-transform: rotate(0); -ms-transform: rotate(0); transform: rotate(0); z-index: 1; padding: 0; width: 39px; height: 38px } .rm-wrap { height: 85px; overflow: hidden } .breadcrumbs-wrap { display: block } .breadcrumbs { display: inline-block; width: calc(100% - 35px) } .breadcrumbs-wrap form { display: inline-block } .breadcrumbs ul li { display: inline-block; margin: 0 30px 0 0; position: relative } .breadcrumbs ul li:last-child { margin-right: 0 } .breadcrumbs a, .breadcrumbs span { color: #0c4469; position: relative; font: normal normal normal 14px/30px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; padding: 0 11px 0 0; display: inline-block } .breadcrumbs li::after { content: '>'; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 7px; font-size: 15px; color: #1b80c3; margin-right: -16px } .breadcrumbs li:last-child::after { display: none } .breadcrumbs span { font: normal normal normal 14px/24px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } #js-bookmark { width: 28px; height: 28px; background: #bababa; border-radius: 5px; position: relative; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; margin-left: auto; cursor: pointer; flex-shrink: 0 } #js-bookmark span { position: absolute; font-size: 10px; bottom: -15px; left: 0; color: #3e3e3e; display: flex; justify-content: center; width: 28px } #js-bookmark.active { background: transparent linear-gradient(90deg, #f16911 0, #ff8f3e 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box } #overlay, .overlay { background: #000; opacity: .8; position: fixed; width: 100%; height: 100%; z-index: 9999; top: 0; right: 0; left: 0; bottom: 0; display: none } header { position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 9; background: #fff 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; border-radius: 0 0 29px 29px; width: 90%; margin: 0 auto; border-top: 0 } .header-login-wrap { border: 1px solid #d9d9d9; border-top: 0; opacity: 1; margin: 0 auto; border-radius: 0 0 29px 29px; display: block; font: 400 14px/14px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; padding: 20px 25px 15px; position: relative; z-index: 1; background: #fff; width: 100% } .header-left { float: left } .header-right { float: right; position: relative; height: 40px; width: calc(100% - 180px); padding-top: 4px; text-align: right } .topper-logo { display: none } .header-login-wrap a { color: #595959; padding: 0 10px } .header-login-wrap .ask-doubt-link { font-family: 'Open sans', sans-serif; font-size: 14px; padding: 6px 0 0; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top } .header-login-wrap .ask-doubt-link span { padding-left: 8px; padding-top: 1px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top } .login-link { border-right: 2px solid #d9d9d9; cursor: pointer; color: #848484; font-family: 'Open sans', sans-serif; font-size: 14px } .signup-link { font-family: 'Open sans', sans-serif; font-size: 14px; cursor: pointer } .cart-link { margin-left: 11px; position: relative; cursor: pointer; padding: 6px 10px 0; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top } .cart-link::after, .cart-link::before { content: ''; width: 2px; height: 21px; background: #d9d9d9; position: absolute; top: 5px } .cart-link::before { left: 0 } .cart-link::after { right: -3px } .cart-link svg { margin-top: 0 } .cart-number-wrap { width: 18px; height: 18px; background: #f16911; border-radius: 50%; position: absolute; justify-content: center; align-items: center; color: #fff; font: normal normal bold 11px/15px Open Sans; display: flex; right: 2px; top: -7px } .search-wrap { width: 156px; padding: 4px 4px 3px 10px; border-radius: 18px; background: #d9d9d9; color: #000; margin: 0 10px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top } .srh-input { background: #d9d9d9; border: 0; font: 400 14px/22px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; vertical-align: top; width: 110px } .ic-search { width: 27px; height: 27px; border-radius: 50%; background: #f16911; display: inline-flex; align-items: center } .ic-search svg { margin-top: -3px } .search { cursor: pointer; padding: 0 6px; margin-right: 15px; position: relative; display: none } .search svg { padding-top: 4px } .bfl-box { display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; padding-top: 12px } .header-flex-wrap { background: transparent linear-gradient(90deg, #1b80c3 0, #0e4062 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; display: block; margin: -23px auto 28px; border-radius: 0 0 29px 29px; padding: 24px 10px 0 } .header-menu { font: 400 14px/20px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; display: flex; justify-content: flex-start; align-items: center } .header-menu ul { margin-right: 25px; flex-shrink: 0; position: relative; height: auto } .header-menu li { padding: 10px 18px } .header-menu li.no-arrow button::after { display: none } .header-menu li button, .header-menu li a, .header-menu li span { position: relative; color: #fff; padding: 0 5px; font-size: 15px; font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif; cursor: pointer; opacity: .8 } .header-menu li button::after { content: "\203A"; width: 1em; height: 1em; text-align: center; -webkit-transition: all .35s; transition: all .35s; font-weight: 100; font-size: 25px; position: absolute; right: -27px; top: -2px; transform: rotate(90deg); display: block; color: #fff } .header-menu ul li>ul { border-radius: 11px } .header-menu ul.submenu { display: none; margin-right: 0; border-radius: 11px; border: 1px solid #bababa; background: #fff; position: absolute; top: 40px; z-index: 999; width: auto; white-space: nowrap; min-width: 160px } .submenu li a::after { display: none } .header-menu li:last-child .submenu { right: 0 } .header-menu li:last-child .submenu::before { right: 15px; left: inherit } .submenu li { font: 400 14px/16px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; padding: 0 6px } .submenu li:hover a:hover, .submenu li:hover span { color: #1b80c3 } .submenu::before { content: ""; border-left: 8px solid transparent; border-right: 8px solid transparent; top: -8px; width: 0; height: 0; border-bottom: 8px solid #ff9140; position: absolute; left: 15px; z-index: -1 } .submenu li a, .submenu li span { border-bottom: 1px solid #bababa; padding: 10px 25px 10px 5px; display: block; color: #3e3e3e; position: relative } .submenu li:last-child a { border-bottom: 0 } .submenu li:last-child ul li a { border-bottom: 1px solid #bababa } .header-menu li:hover .submenu { display: block } .submenu li ul { display: none; position: absolute; left: 99%; height: auto; margin-top: -37px; background: #fff; color: #333; border: 1px solid #bababa; width: auto; white-space: nowrap; min-width: 160px } .submenu li:hover ul { display: block } .submenu li:hover ul li a, .submenu li:hover ul li span { color: #333 } .submenu li:hover ul li:hover a, .submenu li:hover ul li:hover span { color: #1b80c3 } .submenu li a::after, .submenu li span::after { content: "\203A"; width: 1em; height: 1em; text-align: center; -webkit-transition: all .35s; transition: all .35s; font-weight: 100; font-size: 25px; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 5px; transform: rotate(0); display: block; color: #bababa } .submenu li.noArrow a::after { display: none } .submenu li .innermenu li a::after { display: none } .header-menu li:last-child .submenu li .innermenu { right: 135px; left: inherit } .submenu li .innermenu li ul { display: none } .submenu li .innermenu li:hover ul { display: block; left: 60%; z-index: 99 } .submenu li ul.top-space { margin-top: -50% } .submenu li .innermenu li:hover ul li a { color: #333 } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li ul li:hover a { color: #1b80c3 } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li a::after { content: "\203A"; width: 1em; height: 1em; text-align: center; -webkit-transition: all .35s; transition: all .35s; font-weight: 100; font-size: 25px; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 5px; transform: rotate(0); display: block; color: #bbb } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li.noArrow a::after { display: none } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li ul li.noArrow a::after { display: none } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li ul li ul.last-level { display: none; left: 50% } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li ul li:hover ul.last-level { left: 40% } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li ul li ul.last-level li { width: 340px } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li ul li ul.last-level.top-marg { top: -100% } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li ul li:hover ul { display: block } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li ul li:hover ul li a { color: #333 } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li ul li:hover ul li:hover a { color: #1b80c3 } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li ul li a::after { content: "\203A"; width: 1em; height: 1em; text-align: center; -webkit-transition: all .35s; transition: all .35s; font-weight: 100; font-size: 25px; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 5px; transform: rotate(0); display: block; color: #bbb } .submenu li:hover .innermenu li ul li.noArrow a::after { display: none } .net18-logo { display: inline-block; padding-right: 12px; padding-top: 6px; vertical-align: top } .hamburger { display: none } #mbnav { display: none } #menu-mobile { display: none } .afl-box { display: inline-block; margin-right: 6px; padding-right: 5px; overflow: hidden } .afl-box:hover { background: #efefef; border-radius: 18px 10px 10px 18px; overflow: hidden } .hd-profile-pic { width: 36px; height: 36px; margin-right: 6px; display: inline-block } .hd-profile-pic img { border: 2px solid #b6b6b7; width: 100%; height: 100%; border-radius: 50% } .user-detls { position: relative; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top } .dwn-arrow { width: 14px; height: 14px; border: 1px solid #848484; border-radius: 50%; margin-left: 12px; margin-top: 10px; position: relative; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top } .dwn-arrow::after { content: '\203A'; width: 1em; height: 1em; text-align: center; -webkit-transition: all .35s; transition: all .35s; font-weight: 100; display: block; color: #bababa; transform: rotate(90deg); position: absolute; top: -3px; right: -3px; font-size: 20px } .user { color: #1b80c3; font: normal normal bold 12px/14px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; padding-top: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px } .user span { font-weight: 400 } .afl-box:hover .user-menu { display: block } .user-menu { display: none; position: absolute; background: #fff; padding: 0 7px; top: 43px; right: 50px; width: 125px; border: 1px solid #bababa; border-radius: 11px } .user-menu a, .user-menu button { display: block; padding: 7px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f1f1; font: normal normal normal 12px/16px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; color: #1b80c3; cursor: pointer } .user-menu::before { content: ""; border-left: 8px solid transparent; border-right: 8px solid transparent; top: -8px; width: 0; height: 0; border-bottom: 8px solid #ff9140; position: absolute; right: 10px; z-index: 1 } @media screen and (min-width:1201px) and (max-width:1400px) { .header-menu ul { margin-right: 12px; height: auto } .header-menu li button, .header-menu li a, .header-menu li span { font-size: 13px } } @media screen and (min-width:1024px) and (max-width:1200px) { header { width: 100% } .max-container { max-width: 96% } .header-flex-wrap { width: 98% } .header-menu ul { flex-wrap: wrap; width: auto; justify-content: flex-end; margin-right: 0; height: auto } .header-menu li button, .header-menu li a { font-size: 13px } .header-menu li { padding: 10px 11px } .header-menu li:last-child .submenu { right: 0 } .header-menu li:last-child .submenu::before { right: 8px; left: inherit } .header-menu li:last-child .submenu:after { right: 10px; left: inherit } .submenu li { padding: 0 } .faq-section .max-container { margin: 0 15px } .breadcrumbs-wrap { padding: 0 15px } } @media only screen and (max-width:1023px) { header { position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 999; height: 80px; width: 100% } .header-menu { display: none } .header-login-wrap { width: 100%; border-radius: 0 0 12px 12px; padding: 4px 0; background: #fff; position: relative; z-index: 99 } .header-flex-wrap { background: transparent linear-gradient(90deg, #1b80c3 0, #0e4062 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; height: 38px; margin: -8px auto 0; width: 100%; padding: 8px 0 0; z-index: -1; border-radius: 0 } .header-flex-wrap .logo { display: none } .header-menu { width: 100%; font: 400 14px/20px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; justify-content: flex-start; overflow: auto } .header-menu ul { margin-right: 0; white-space: nowrap; overflow: auto; margin-left: -5px } .header-menu li button, .header-menu li a { color: #fff; font-size: 14px } .header-right { width: calc(100% - 180px); text-align: right } .homelink { display: flex; align-items: center; padding-left: 10px; border-right: 1px solid #fff; padding-right: 10px; margin-right: 0 } .header-menu li button::after { color: #fff; width: .8em; height: .8em; top: 2px } .header-menu li.noArrow button::after { display: none } .header-menu li.noArrow { padding: 10px 5px } .login-link { display: none } .signup-link { display: none } .header-login-wrap .ask-doubt-link>.ate-text { display: none } .cart-link { padding: 6px 0 0 } .cart-link::after, .cart-link::before { display: none } .cart-number-wrap { right: -8px; top: -7px } .net18-logo { border-left: 1px solid #ccc; padding: 3px 14px 2px 10px; display: inline-block } .net18-logo svg { width: 18px; height: 16px } .boardModal .modal-class { max-width: 300px } #schoolModal .modal-class { max-width: 300px } .sm-modal .modal-class { max-width: 300px } #searchModal .modal-class { background: 0; border: 0; transform: inherit; position: relative; margin: 0 auto; width: 100%; left: 0; top: 5% } .search-wrap { display: none } .search-wrap-mb { width: 100%; padding: 4px 5px 5px 10px; border-radius: 18px; background: #d9d9d9; color: #000; margin: 0 auto } .search-wrap-mb .srh-input { width: 89% } .search { margin-right: 0; display: inline-block; padding-top: 2px } .gsc-input-box { padding: 0 !important } .gssb_c { z-index: 99999 !important } .logo { display: block; margin-top: 4px } .logo svg { width: 122px; height: 37px } .header-left { display: flex; justify-content: space-between } .hamburger { display: block; cursor: pointer; padding: 7px 8px 8px 0; margin-left: 12px; z-index: 9999 } .bar1, .bar2, .bar3 { background: #f16911; height: 3px; transition: .2s; margin-top: 3px; display: block } .bar1 { width: 18px } .bar2 { width: 16px; display: flex; margin-left: auto } .bar3 { width: 14px; display: flex; margin-left: auto } #menu-mobile { display: flex; height: 30px } #mbnav { display: block } .nav-box { position: fixed; left: -150%; top: 0; width: 320px; transition: left .4s ease; background: #fff; height: 100%; z-index: 99; overflow-y: auto } .nav-active { left: 0; z-index: 9999; overflow-y: auto } .user-info { background: transparent linear-gradient(120deg, #006fb9 0, #00385d 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; border-radius: 0 0 29px 29px; padding: 14px 18px; position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 9 } .user-img-wrap { width: 63px; height: 63px; background: #035084; border: 5px solid #4390c4; border-radius: 50%; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center } .user-img-wrap img { max-width: 38px } .user-details { padding-left: 16px } .user-name { font: 400 15px/20px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; color: #fff } .board-name { font: 400 12px/20px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; color: #fff } .login-wrap { margin-top: 12px; background: #fff; display: flex; justify-content: flex-start; border-bottom: 1px solid #e9e9e9; padding-bottom: 15px; margin-right: 16px } .login-btn { font: normal normal bold 12px/15px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; margin: 0 0 0 18px; display: inline-block } .signup-btn { font: normal normal bold 12px/15px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; margin: 0 0 0 15px } .mobile-nav { margin-right: 16px } .mobile-nav ul li { display: block; border-bottom: 1px solid #e9e9e9; font: 400 15px/20px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } .mobile-nav ul li a, .mobile-nav ul li label { padding: 10px 0 10px 30px; display: block; color: #3e3e3e; position: relative; font-weight: 600 } .mobile-nav ul li a::after, .mobile-nav ul li label::after { content: '\203A'; width: 1em; height: 1em; text-align: center; -webkit-transition: all .35s; transition: all .35s; font-weight: 100; display: block; color: #bababa; transform: rotate(90deg); position: absolute; top: 8px; right: 5px; font-size: 34px } .mobile-nav ul li a.noarrow::after { display: none } input:checked~.flevel-menu, input:checked~.seclevel-menu { max-height: 100%; opacity: 1 } input:checked+.menu-label::after { -webkit-transform: rotate(270deg); transform: rotate(270deg); right: 0 } input:checked+.menu-label.rgt-arrow::after { -webkit-transform: rotate(0); transform: rotate(0); right: 0 } .view-package { padding: 20px 0 50px } .view-package a { text-transform: uppercase } .mobile-nav .flevel-menu { background: #f4f4f4; margin-right: -15px; padding: 0 19px 0 25px; max-height: 0; opacity: 0 } .mobile-nav .flevel-menu li { margin: 0 10px; font-weight: bold } .mobile-nav .flevel-menu li a { padding: 12px 0 8px } .mobile-nav .flevel-menu li a::after { display: none } .mobile-nav .seclevel-menu { border-top: 1px solid #e0e0e0; max-height: 0; opacity: 0 } .mobile-nav .seclevel-menu li { font-weight: 400; margin: 0; font-size: 13px } .mobile-nav .seclevel-menu li:last-child { border-bottom: 0 } .mobile-nav .flevel-menu label { padding: 10px 0 } .mobile-nav .flevel-menu label::after { right: 4px } .afl-box { display: none } .faq-section { padding: 20px 15px } #main-wrapper { margin-top: 60px } .open-app-btn { border-radius: 10px; color: #fff; display: block; position: sticky; bottom: 108px; left: 50%; transform: translateX(-50%) } #back2Top { bottom: 288px } .page-title { margin: 0 0 30px } .req-call-wrap { display: block; position: relative } .req-label { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; position: absolute; z-index: 1; cursor: pointer; padding: 5px 12px; width: 208px; height: 35px; background: #006fb9; border-radius: 0 0 10px 10px; left: 50%; transform: translateX(-50%); bottom: -35px } .req-text { color: #fff; font: normal normal 600 15px/24px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } .req-call-wrap em { width: 22px; height: 22px; background: #f16911; border-radius: 50% } .req-content { padding: 12px 15px 20px; font: 400 16px/28px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; position: relative; background: #fff 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 0 10px #00000029; border: 1px solid #d9d9d9; border-radius: 0 0 14px 14px; width: 94%; margin: 0 auto; max-width: 390px; text-align: center; display: none } .req-content p { color: #3e3e3e; font: normal normal 600 15px/22px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; text-align: center } .req-content .inputbx { position: relative; background: #dfdfdf; border-radius: 0 8px 8px 0; border: 0; opacity: 1; padding: 5px 10px; width: 216px; margin: 10px auto 10px 0; display: inline-block; font: normal normal normal 14px/28px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } .req-content .inputsmbx { position: relative; background: #dfdfdf; opacity: 1; display: inline-block; width: 48px; border-radius: 8px 0 0 8px; border: 0; padding: 5px 5px 5px 10px; font: normal normal normal 14px/28px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; border-right: 1px solid #cfcfcf; margin-right: -5px; color: #3e3e3e } .inputsmbx .arrow { position: absolute; right: 10px; color: #006fb9 } .show { display: block } .showicon svg { transform: rotate(180deg) } .menu-content { font: 400 14px/20px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } .menu-content ul li { padding: 5px 0 } .menu-content ul li a:hover { color: #1b80c3 } .bg-gray { padding: 20px 0 } .breadcrumbs { text-align: left } .breadcrumbs-wrap { padding: 0 15px; margin-bottom: 20px } .section-title { font: normal normal bold 18px/22px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } #chapter-list .section-title:after { margin: 0 } #chapter-list.abt--tl-sec .abt-desc { text-align: left } .accordion-label { font: 400 16px/24px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } .abt--tl-sec { padding: 30px 0 0 } .abt--tl-sec .inner-bx { max-width: 50%; margin-bottom: 30px; flex-direction: column; text-align: center } .abt--tl-sec .icon-wrap { margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 10px; width: 75px; height: 75px } .abt--tl-sec .meta-bx h5 { font-size: 22px; line-height: 22px } .abt--tl-sec .meta-bx h5 { font-size: 16px; line-height: 22px } .abt--tl-sec .abt-desc { width: 100% } .ad-banner div, .ad-banner .txt { width: 100%; margin: 0 auto; max-width: 728px } .ad-banner div iframe, .ad-banner div img { width: 100%; max-width: 728px } #top-ad-banner img { max-width: 100% } .enroll-btn .org-btn { padding: 10px } .enroll-txt { width: 230px; margin: 0 } .enroll-txt-wrap { margin: 0 10px; justify-content: flex-start } .enroll-section { padding: 10px 0 } input:checked+.accordion-label::after { right: 0 } .success-stories-section .max-container { padding: 0 } .success-stories-section .section-title { padding: 0 20px } .success-stories-section .section-title:after { left: 20px } #successStory .glide__arrows { position: relative; top: -298px; overflow: hidden } #successStory .glide__arrow img { width: 8px; height: 16px; position: relative } #successStory .glide__arrow--left img { left: 10px } #successStory .glide__arrow--right img { right: 7px } #successStory .glide__arrow--left { border-radius: 0 50% 50% 0; transform: translate(-50%, 0) } #successStory .glide__arrow--right { border-radius: 50% 0 0 50%; transform: translate(50%, 0) } .success-stories-section .success-wrap { background: url('/assets/v1/images/quote.png') no-repeat 10% top, url('/assets/v1/images/quote-close.png') no-repeat 90% 81% } .bottom-links a { padding: 8px 0 4px } .lan-ttl { padding: 15px 0 } jdiv { margin-bottom: 180px !important } } @media only screen and (max-width:767px) { .bottom-nav { border-top: 2px solid #1b80c3; border-left: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 0; border-radius: 0; bottom: 50px } .bottom-links a { flex-direction: column; font: normal normal 600 11px/16px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } .bottom-links a i { padding-right: 0 } } input:checked~.accordion-content { max-height: 100% } .accordion-content .list { display: flex; flex-direction: column } footer{background:#efefef;width:100%;padding:50px 0 0}.footer-links-wrap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;padding-bottom:20px}.ftr-column{padding:0 10px}.ftr-heading{color:#3e3e3e;font:700 14px/14px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 0 15px}.ftr-links li{font:400 14px/14px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;color:#3e3e3e;padding-bottom:12px}.ftr-links li a{color:#3e3e3e}.topmarg{margin-top:30px}.footer-cont-info{background:#e3e3e3;padding:20px 0 0}.footer-info-wrap{display:flex;justify-content:flex-start}.ftr-left{width:80%;margin-right:74px}.ftr-form-wrap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;padding-bottom:15px}.gpay-column{width:298px}.gpay-column img{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle}.gpay-column a{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;margin-left:15px}.nws-column{display:inline-block}.nws-box-wrap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center}.nws-box-wrap span{color:#3e3e3e;font-size:12px}.nws-box-wrap p{color:#3e3e3e;font:400 14px/14px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;margin-right:15px}.nws-input-wrap input{width:255px;background:#ccc;border-radius:0 12px;color:#3e3e3e;font:400 13px/24px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;border:0;padding:5px 30px 5px 15px}.nws-input-wrap input::placeholder{color:#848484}.btn-subscribe{background:transparent linear-gradient(90deg,#006fb9 0,#40a9ef 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box;box-shadow:0 3px 9px #00000042;padding:7px 20px;border-radius:0 12px;color:#fff;font:600 14px/19px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase;border:0;margin-left:-25px;position:relative;z-index:0}.ftr-cont-wrap{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;padding-top:10px;font:400 14px/20px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;border-top:1px solid #cecece;border-bottom:1px solid #cecece;padding-bottom:15px}.cont-info-wrap{background:#115e92;border-radius:11px;padding:10px;display:flex;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:center;width:40%;flex-shrink:0}.cont-call{position:relative}.ic-wts{position:absolute;left:26px;top:-4px;vertical-align:top}.contact-info{color:#fff;margin-left:15px}.contact-info .ftr-heading{color:#fff;padding:0 0 6px}.ftr-other-links{text-align:center;display:flex;justify-content:center;padding:15px 0}.ftr-other-links a{color:#3e3e3e;font:normal normal normal 14px/24px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;padding:0 8px;position:relative}.ftr-other-links a::after{content:'|';position:absolute;right:0;width:2px;height:4px;color:#939393}.ftr-other-links a:last-child::after{display:none}.reg-office{width:40%}.cont-number{padding-bottom:5px;font-weight:600}.address{line-height:23px}.soc-wrap{display:flex;justify-content:flex-start}.ic-fb svg{margin-top:4px}.ic-insta{margin:0 10px}.ic-insta,.ic-ytube{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center}.footer-network-sites{background:#d3d3d3;padding:28px 0}.sites-wrap{display:flex;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:center}.company-ttl{font:700 14px/20px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;width:164px}.sites-wrap ul{border-left:2px solid #a7a7a7;padding-left:24px;display:flex;justify-content:flex-start;flex-wrap:wrap;width:75%}.sites-wrap ul li{padding:0 10px}.sites-wrap ul li a{color:#3e3e3e;padding:10px 0;display:inline-flex}.copyright-wrap{background:#fff;padding:15px 0 55px}.copy-columns{display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center}.copy-columns a{padding-right:15px;margin-right:15px;color:#3e3e3e}.copy-columns .tnc{border-right:1px solid #868686}.logos{border-right:1px solid #a7a7a7;padding:5px 12px 5px 55px;display:flex;align-items:center}.logos a{margin-left:20px;padding-right:0;margin-right:0}.logos .nw18-logo{margin-left:0;padding-right:0;margin-right:0}.copy-text{padding:0 12px;color:#3e3e3e;font:400 14px/14px 'Open Sans',sans-serif}.ftr-accordion{border-bottom:0}.ftr-accordion input[type=checkbox]{display:none}.ftr-accordion-label{display:block}.ftr-accordion-label::after{display:none}.ftr-accordion-content{max-height:100vh}#toppertv{display:block}#toppertv-accordion{display:none}.soln-cont table,.db-content table{border-collapse:collapse;max-width:100%;border:2px solid #ededed;margin-bottom:30px}.soln-cont table th,.db-content table th{color:#3e3e3e;font:normal normal bold 16px/24px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;padding:8px 10px;border:2px solid #ededed;text-align:left}.soln-cont table td,.db-content table td{color:#3e3e3e;font:normal 16px/24px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;padding:8px 10px;border:2px solid #ededed;text-align:left}.table-layout{border-collapse:collapse;max-width:100%;border:2px solid #ededed;margin-bottom:30px}.table-layout th{color:#3e3e3e;font:normal normal bold 16px/24px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;padding:8px 10px;border:2px solid #ededed;text-align:left}.table-layout td{color:#3e3e3e;font:normal 16px/24px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;padding:8px 10px;border:2px solid #ededed;text-align:left}.bg-dark-gray{background:#d9d9d9}.bg-light-gray{background:#edebeb}#stickyBanner{display:none}@media screen and (min-width:1024px) and (max-width:1200px){.footer-links-wrap{padding:0 10px 20px}.footer-cont-info{padding:30px}.gpay-column{width:230px}.nws-input-wrap input{width:180px}.reg-office{width:90%;margin-left:20px}.stay-connect{padding-right:0;width:40%;padding-left:20px}.footer-network-sites{padding:20px}.copy-cont-wrap{padding:0 20px}.copy-text{font:400 14px/20px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;width:45%}.logos{padding:5px 12px 5px 0}.footer-content{padding:30px 20px 20px}}@media screen and (max-width:1023px){.max-container{max-width:calc(100% - 30px)}footer{padding:25px 0 0}.footer-links-wrap{flex-direction:column;padding:0 15px 20px}.topmarg{margin-top:0}.ftr-cont-wrap{flex-direction:column;text-align:center;padding-bottom:0}.ftr-column{padding:0}.ftr-heading{position:relative}.footer-links-wrap input[type=checkbox]{position:absolute;opacity:0;z-index:-1}.footer-links-wrap .ftr-column .ftr-heading{padding:15px 0 14px}.ftr-accordion{width:100%;color:#3e3e3e;overflow:hidden;border-bottom:1px solid #dbdbdb}.ftr-accordion-label{display:-webkit-box;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;padding:10px 0;font:700 14px/16px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;cursor:pointer;display:block}.footer-links-wrap .ftr-column .ftr-accordion-label::after{content:"\203A";width:1em;height:1em;text-align:center;-webkit-transition:all .35s;transition:all .35s;font-weight:100;font-size:30px;position:absolute;right:0;top:6px;transform:rotate(90deg);display:block}.ftr-accordion-content{max-height:0;padding:0;color:#2c3e50;font:400 16px/28px 'Open Sans',sans-serif}.ftr-accordion-close{display:-webkit-box;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:end;justify-content:flex-end;padding:1em;font-size:.75em;cursor:pointer}.ftr-accordion input{position:absolute;opacity:0;z-index:-1}.ftr-accordion-close:hover{background:#1a252f}.ftr-accordion input:checked+.ftr-accordion-label{font-weight:700}.ftr-accordion input:checked+.ftr-accordion-label::after{-webkit-transform:rotate(270deg);transform:rotate(270deg);right:-8px;display:block}.ftr-accordion input:checked ~ .ftr-accordion-content{max-height:100vh;padding:10px 0}#toppertv{display:none}#toppertv-accordion{display:block}.copy-columns{flex-direction:column}.logos{display:flex;order:1;border-right:0;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:0}.copy-text{display:flex;order:3;text-align:center;line-height:20px;padding-bottom:20px}.ftr-left{width:100%;margin:0 20px}.gpay-column{width:100%;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #ddd;padding-bottom:15px;padding-top:10px}.cont-info-wrap{width:100%;max-width:330px;margin:0 auto}.contact-info{width:100%;margin-left:7px;text-align:left}.cont-number{padding-bottom:0}.reg-office{margin-right:0;width:100%;padding-top:10px;border-bottom:1px solid #cecece;padding-bottom:12px}.soc-wrap{justify-content:center}.nws-column{padding-top:10px;text-align:center}.nws-box-wrap p{margin-right:0;padding-bottom:15px}.nws-input-wrap input{width:200px}.ftr-form-wrap{flex-direction:column}.nws-box-wrap{flex-direction:column}#nwsitesbox select{width:322px;border:1px solid #006fb9;box-shadow:0 3px 9px #00000029;border-radius:10px;padding:15px 10px;font:400 16px/24px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;background-color:#fff;-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;appearance:none;position:relative;background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=UTF-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%2212%22%20height%3D%2212%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2012%2012%22%3E%3Ctitle%3Edown-arrow%3C%2Ftitle%3E%3Cg%20fill%3D%22%23006FB9%22%3E%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M10.293%2C3.293%2C6%2C7.586%2C1.707%2C3.293A1%2C1%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C.293%2C4.707l5%2C5a1%2C1%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1.414%2C0l5-5a1%2C1%2C0%2C1%2C0-1.414-1.414Z%22%20fill%3D%22%23006FB9%22%3E%3C%2Fpath%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E");background-size:.8em;background-position:calc(100% - 1.3em) center;background-repeat:no-repeat}.form-group{display:flex}.btn-subscribe{background:transparent linear-gradient(90deg,#006fb9 0,#0c7ac3 53%,#43acf2 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box;box-shadow:0 3px 6px #00000042;border-radius:0 12px;padding:8px 14px 10px 13px;text-align:center;font:400 14px/15px 'Open Sans',sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase}.footer-cont-info{padding:0;background:#efefef}.cont-time{padding-bottom:0}.stay-connect{width:auto;padding:6px 0 15px 0}.footer-content{padding:25px 35px 90px}.footer-content p{padding-bottom:20px}.copyright-wrap{padding:15px 0 0}.ftr-other-links{flex-wrap:wrap}.sites-wrap{flex-direction:column}.sites-wrap ul{border-left:0;width:90%;max-width:360px;justify-content:space-between;padding-top:10px;padding-left:0}.sites-wrap ul li{width:50%;padding:0 20px}#stickyBanner{position:sticky;width:320px;height:40px;margin:10px auto;display:block;bottom:0}} #hbar-stdpack { background: #006FB9; position: sticky; bottom: 0; z-index: 1; display: flex; height: 50px; } #hbar-stdpack a { display: flex; width: 100%; text-align: center; justify-content: center; align-items: center; height: 50px } .stdpack-offer-text { text-align: center; font: 600 19px/19px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; color: #fff; display: block; margin-top: -5px; position: relative; } .stdpack-offer-text em { font-style: normal; text-decoration: underline; } #hbar-stdpack::before { content: ''; background: url('/assets/v1/images/lf-bg-img.png') no-repeat left 0; display: block; width: 175px; height: 50px; position: absolute; bottom: 0; z-index: -1 } #hbar-stdpack::after { content: ''; background: url('/assets/v1/images/rt-bg-img.png') no-repeat right 0; display: block; width: 206px; height: 50px; position: absolute; bottom: 0; right: 0; z-index: -1 } .flex-colwrap img { position: relative; left: 0; margin-top: -9px; transform: scale(0.7); } .hclose { position: absolute; right: 5px; top: -20px; cursor: pointer; width: 34px; height: 34px; border-radius: 100%; background: #006FB9; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; } .hclose::before { content: ''; border: 2px solid #fff; position: absolute; width: 28px; height: 28px; border-radius: 100%; right: 3px; top: 2px } .hclose span { color: #fff; font-size: 30px; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; } @media screen and (max-width:1023px) { #hbar-stdpack::before, #hbar-stdpack::after { display: none } .hclose { position: absolute; right: 0px; } .stdpack-offer-text { /* border: 5px solid red; */ padding: 0 50px; margin: 5px 0; } .flex-colwrap img { display: none; max-width: 100%; width: 60px; height: auto; margin-top: -12px; left: 0px } } @media screen and (max-width:767px) { #hbar-stdpack { height: 60px } #hbar-stdpack a { height: 60px } .flex-colwrap img { display: none; max-width: 100%; width: 60px; height: auto; margin-top: -12px; left: 0px } .stdpack-offer-text { font: 600 14px/18px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; margin-top: 0 } .hclose { right: 0px; top: -16px; color: #fff } #hbar-stdpack::before, #hbar-stdpack::after { display: none } } .btslanding { background: #fbbe39; position: sticky; bottom: 0; z-index: 1; display: none } .btslanding a { display: block; width: 100% } .btslanding-wrap { background: url('/assets/v1/images/bg-bts.png') no-repeat 0 0; width: 407px; height: 50px; margin: 0 auto; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; position: relative } .btslanding-wrap p { color: #fff; font: bold 18px/24px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; width: 407px; padding: 10px 0; position: relative; display: flex; align-items: center } .btslanding-wrap b { width: 300px; display: block; text-align: center } .btslanding-wrap p span { font-size: 20px } .btslanding-wrap p em { color: #fff; font: bold 16px/24px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; position: absolute; right: 18px } .btslanding-wrap .hand { position: absolute; right: -12px; top: 15px } .hclose { /* position: absolute; */ /* right: 8px; */ font-size: 30px; /* padding: 6px 0 0; */ /* top: 2px; */ color: #000; text-decoration: none; cursor: pointer } @media screen and (max-width:767px) { .btslanding-wrap { background: url('/assets/v1/images/bg-bts-mb.png') no-repeat 0 0; width: 305px; height: 50px; margin: 0 auto; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; position: relative } .btslanding-wrap p { font: bold 13px/18px 'Open Sans', sans-serif; width: 100% } .btslanding-wrap b { width: 216px; display: block; text-align: center } .btslanding-wrap p span { font-size: 16px } .btslanding-wrap p em { font: bold 14px/24px 'Open Sans', sans-serif } } .bottom-nav{bottom:0px !important} </style> <style> .pad10 { padding: 10px 0 } .pad20 { padding: 20px 0 } .pb20 { padding-bottom: 20px } .mb20 { margin-bottom: 20px } .para { color: #3e3e3e; display: block; font: normal 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .subject-wrap { display: flex; justify-content: flex-start; align-items: center; flex-wrap: wrap; flex-shrink: 0 } .subject-wrap a { margin: 0 21px 15px 0 } .subject-box { width: 208px; height: 136px; background: #fff; box-shadow: 0 3px 10px #00000029; border-radius: 16px; position: relative; display: flex; flex-direction: column } .centeralign { justify-content: center } .subject-box .right-arrow::after { top: -6px } .subject-box em { margin-left: 8px; margin-bottom: 8px; font: normal normal bold 16px/28px "Open Sans", sans-serif; text-transform: uppercase } .bg-slant-box-mathematics { border: 2px solid #445a50; color: #445a50 } .bg-slant-box-maths { border: 2px solid #445a50; color: #445a50 } .bg-slant-box-mathematics::after { border-color: #445a50 transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-maths::after { border-color: #445a50 transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-general-science { border: 2px solid #8d72a1; color: #8d72a1 } .bg-slant-box-general-science::after { border-color: #8d72a1 transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-science { border: 2px solid #664e74; color: #664e74 } .bg-slant-box-science::after { border-color: #664e74 transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-chemistry { border: 2px solid #8d72a1; color: #8d72a1 } .bg-slant-box-chemistry::after { border-color: #8d72a1 transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-physics { border: 2px solid #8d72a1; color: #8d72a1 } .bg-slant-box-physics::after { border-color: #8d72a1 transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-biology { border: 2px solid #8d72a1; color: #8d72a1 } .bg-slant-box-biology::after { border-color: #8d72a1 transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-social-studies { border: 2px solid #953c3f; color: #953c3f } .bg-slant-box-social-studies::after { border-color: #953c3f transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-economics { border: 2px solid #953c3f; color: #953c3f } .bg-slant-box-economics::after { border-color: #953c3f transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-economics-applications { border: 2px solid #953c3f; color: #953c3f } .bg-slant-box-economics-applications::after { border-color: #953c3f transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-business-studies { border: 2px solid #44c0e6; color: #44e6e6 } .bg-slant-box-business-studies::after { border-color: #44c0e6 transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-hindi { border: 2px solid #6e5226; color: #6e5226 } .bg-slant-box-hindi::after { border-color: #6e5226 transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-english { border: 2px solid #2a6165; color: #2a6165 } .bg-slant-box-english::after { border-color: #2a6165 transparent transparent transparent } .bg-slant-box-gk, .bg-slant-box-evs { border: 2px solid #1c81c4; color: #1c81c4 } .bg-slant-box-gk::after, .bg-slant-box-evs::after { border-color: #1c81c4 transparent transparent transparent } .icon-wrap { width: 50px; height: 50px; border-radius: 50%; margin: 6px 0 16px 8px; display: flex; flex-shrink: 0 } .abt--tl-sec .list-wrap ul li a { color: #3e3e3e } .abt--tl-sec .list-wrap ul li { padding-bottom: 0 } .list-wrap { display: flex; justify-content: flex-start; align-items: center; margin: 0 auto } .list-wrap ul { display: flex; justify-content: flex-start; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-right: auto } .list-wrap ul li { background: #fff; border: 1px solid #fff; box-shadow: 0 3px 10px #00000029; width: 338px; color: #3e3e3e; display: flex; align-items: center; border-radius: 16px; font: normal normal 400 16px/20px "Open Sans", sans-serif; position: relative; margin: 0 10px 20px 0; height: 79px } .abt--tl-sec .list-wrap ul li::before { display: none } .view-list { height: 120px; overflow: hidden } .view-list1 { height: 70px; overflow: hidden } .list-wrap ul li a { color: #3e3e3e; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; width: 100%; align-items: center; padding: 16px } .list-wrap ul li a span { padding-right: 10px } .list-desc-wrap { display: flex; justify-content: center } .list-desc-wrap ul { display: flex; justify-content: center; flex-wrap: wrap } .list-desc-wrap ul li { background: #fff; border: 1px solid #fff; box-shadow: 0 3px 10px #00000029; width: 338px; color: #3e3e3e; display: flex; align-items: center; border-radius: 16px; height: 110px; font: normal normal 600 14px/20px "Open Sans", sans-serif; flex-direction: column; position: relative; margin: 0 5px 15px } .list-desc-wrap ul li a { color: #3e3e3e; display: flex; width: 100%; align-items: flex-start; padding: 16px; flex-direction: column } .list-desc-wrap ul li h4 { display: block } .list-desc-wrap ul li span { width: 90%; font-size: 13px; height: 60px; overflow: hidden } .list-desc-wrap .bg-blue-arrow { position: absolute; right: 8px } .textbook-soln .list-wrap { display: block } .textbook-soln .list-wrap ul { display: block } .textbook-soln .list-wrap ul li { width: 362px; height: 70px; margin: 0 10px 20px; float: left } .textbook-soln .list-wrap ul li a span { margin-right: auto; padding-left: 15px; float: left } .textbook-soln em { float: left } .textbook-soln .bg-arrow { float: right } .clear { clear: both } .bg-arrow { width: 33px; height: 33px; border-radius: 50%; border: 1px solid #fff; display: flex; align-items: center } .bg-mathematics { background: transparent linear-gradient(180deg, #668c80 0, #4f7267 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 2px 3px #00000029 } .bg-maths { background: transparent linear-gradient(180deg, #668c80 0, #4f7267 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 2px 3px #00000029 } .bg-social-studies { background: transparent linear-gradient(180deg, #c16366 0, #a34c4f 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 2px 3px #00000029 } .bg-english { background: transparent linear-gradient(180deg, #4fa2ad 0, #43848d 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 2px 3px #00000029 } .bg-hindi { background: transparent linear-gradient(180deg, #cbaa5f 0, #a88c4d 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 2px 3px #00000029 } .bg-science { background: transparent linear-gradient(180deg, #8d72a1 0, #614d71 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 2px 3px #00000029 } .bg-general-science { background: transparent linear-gradient(180deg, #8d72a1 0, #614d71 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 2px 3px #00000029 } .bg-economics, .bg-geography, .bg-civics, .bg-history { background: transparent linear-gradient(180deg, #c16366 0, #a88c4d 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 2px 3px #00000029 } .bg-business-studies, .bg-accountancy { background: transparent linear-gradient(180deg, #006fba 0, #006fba 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 2px 3px #00000029 } .bg-chemistry, .bg-physics, .bg-biology { background: transparent linear-gradient(180deg, #8d72a1 0, #614d71 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 2px 3px #00000029 } .viewchapt { display: flex; justify-content: center; color: #3e3e3e; margin: 10px auto 0; position: relative; width: 377px } .viewchapt:after { width: 0; height: 0; position: absolute; top: 40%; right: 12px; content: "\203A"; z-index: 98; font-size: 30px; transform: rotate(90deg); color: #668c80 } .viewchapt select { -webkit-appearance: none; -moz-appearance: none; appearance: none; padding: 12px 9px; border: 2px solid #668c80; box-shadow: 0 3px 6px #00000029; border-radius: 10px; background: #fff; height: 49px; width: 359px; font: normal normal normal 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } .lm-btn { font: normal normal 600 15px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; cursor: pointer; margin: 20px auto 0; display: block } .lm-btn1 { margin: 0 auto } .show { height: auto } .banner-pyqs { background: url(/assets/v1/images/bg-banner-pyqs.jpg) no-repeat center top; width: 1067px; height: 226px; display: flex; margin: 0 auto 30px; align-items: center } .pyqs-left-img { background: url(/assets/v1/images/pyp-bg-img.png) no-repeat center top; width: 370px; height: 215px } .banner-pyqs .text, .banner-sample .text { width: 50%; margin-left: auto; margin-right: 60px; margin-top: -30px; text-align: center; align-items: center; color: #006fb9; font: normal normal 17px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; display: flex; flex-direction: column } .banner-sample { background: #eaeaea; width: 1067px; height: 226px; margin: 0 auto 30px; display: flex; align-items: center } .sample-left-img { background: url(/assets/v1/images/sample-bg-img.jpg) no-repeat center top; width: 389px; height: 226px } .banner-sample .text { margin-top: 0 } .comm-tabs { display: flex; justify-content: center } .tablinks { font: 600 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; background: #efefef; border: 1px solid #bababa; width: 50%; min-height: 47px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; position: relative; cursor: pointer } .tablinks.active { background: #006fb9; border-color: #006fb9; color: #fff; position: relative } .tablinks.active::after { content: ""; border-left: 8px solid transparent; border-right: 8px solid transparent; bottom: -9px; width: 0; height: 0; border-top: 8px solid #006fb9; position: absolute; left: 50%; z-index: 1 } .nxt--vid-grid .vid-titl-w { display: flex; width: 100%; margin: 30px 0 0 } .nxt--vid-grid .vid-titl-w h3 { font: 700 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; padding-right: 23px; height: 48px; max-width: 270px; display: block; display: -webkit-box; -webkit-line-clamp: 2; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; text-overflow: ellipsis; overflow: hidden } .nxt--vid-grid .video-wrap { padding-top: 10px; padding-bottom: 10px } .nxt--vid-grid .vdo-img-wrap, .nxt--vid-grid .vdo-img-wrap img { max-width: 280px; width: 100% } .nxt--vid-grid .video-box { margin: 0; display: inherit; flex-direction: inherit } .nxt--vid-grid .glide__arrow { height: 40px; width: 40px; background: #006fb9; border: 0; cursor: pointer; border-radius: 40px; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; position: absolute; top: 40% } .nxt--vid-grid .glide__arrow--left { left: 10px } .nxt--vid-grid .glide__arrow img { width: 8px; height: 16px; position: relative } .nxt--vid-grid .glide__arrow--right { right: 10px; left: auto } .nxt--vid-grid .vid-desc { padding-bottom: 40px; font-size: 15px; line-height: 20px; color: #3e3e3e } .sec-titl-w { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; margin-top: 15px } .sec-titl-w h2 { font: normal normal bold 22px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .v-all { color: #fff; width: 83px; height: 25px; background: #668c80 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgb(0 0 0 / 42%); border-radius: 0 12px; font: 700 10px/11px "Open Sans"; text-transform: uppercase; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; flex-shrink: 0 } .v-all:after { content: ""; margin-left: 5px; border: solid #fff; border-width: 0 2px 2px 0; display: inline-block; padding: 2px; transform: rotate(-45deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(-45deg) } .meta-info .desc { font: 400 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; border-bottom: 2px solid #bababa; padding: 8px 0 } .bottom-border { border-bottom: 2px solid #bababa; padding: 12px 0 } .sec-titl-w .mathematics { color: #668c80 } .sec-titl-w .maths { color: #668c80 } .mathematics-v-all { background: #668c80; color: #fff } .maths-v-all { background: #668c80; color: #fff } .sec-titl-w .science { color: #8d72a1 } .science-v-all { background: #8d72a1; color: #fff } .sec-titl-w .hindi { color: #cbaa5f } .hindi-v-all { background: #cbaa5f; color: #fff } .sec-titl-w .social-studies { color: #c16366 } .social-studies-v-all { background: #c16366; color: #fff } .sec-titl-w .english { color: #4fa2ad } .english-v-all { background: #4fa2ad; color: #fff } .flexcol-wrap { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; margin: 20px 0 } .tabs-wrap { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; margin-right: 23px; flex-shrink: 0 } .tabs-wrap a { background: #d9d9d9; border-radius: 8px; opacity: .83; padding: 6px; font: normal normal normal 15px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; margin-right: 7px } .tabs-wrap .active { background: #fff; border: 2px solid #70aed7 } .select-wrap { display: flex; justify-content: center; color: #3e3e3e; position: relative; width: 331px; margin: 0 auto 30px } .select-wrap:after { width: 0; height: 0; position: absolute; top: 40%; right: 12px; content: "\203A"; z-index: 1; font-size: 30px; transform: rotate(90deg); color: #006fb9 } .select-wrap select { -webkit-appearance: none; -moz-appearance: none; appearance: none; padding: 10px 9px; border: 2px solid #006fb9; box-shadow: 0 3px 6px #00000029; border-radius: 10px; background: #fff; height: 49px; width: 320px; font: normal normal normal 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } #filter { cursor: pointer; margin-left: 5px; display: flex; align-items: center; box-shadow: 0 3px 6px #00000029; border: 2px solid #006fb9; border-radius: 8px; justify-content: space-around; width: 193px; height: 49px; flex-shrink: 0 } #filter span { font: normal normal normal 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; pointer-events: none } #filter img { pointer-events: none } .data-wrap .org-btn { margin: 50px auto } .ques-ans-box { width: 100%; padding: 7px 8px; background: #fff; position: relative; border-radius: 12px; box-shadow: 0 3px 10px #00000029; margin-bottom: 20px } .ques-ans-box.slant-box::after { bottom: -11px; border-width: 51px 0 0 44px } .ques-ans-box .right-arrow::after { font-size: 26px; transform: rotate(-10deg); top: 8px; right: 24px } .boardName { font: normal normal 600 10px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .ques { font: normal normal normal 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } #big-img { width: 100%; height: auto; margin: 10px 0 } #big-img img { width: 100% } .date-time { font: normal normal 600 11px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #595959; border-bottom: 2px solid #ededed } .ans-expert { font: normal normal 600 10px/10px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; padding: 5px 0; display: flex; justify-content: flex-start; align-items: center } .ans-expert em { margin-right: 5px } .ans-expert button { font: normal normal 600 10px/10px "Open Sans", sans-serif; display: flex; align-items: center } .answer { padding-bottom: 15px; font: normal normal bold 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .answer div { font: normal 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .answer ul { margin: 10px 0 } .answer ul li { font: 400 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; margin-left: 15px; padding-bottom: 15px; color: #3e3e3e } .answer ul li::before { content: ""; width: 7px; height: 7px; background: #f48020; border-radius: 50%; display: block; margin: 8px 10px 0 -15px; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top } .question { background: #fff 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; box-shadow: 0 3px 10px #00000029; border-radius: 16px; padding: 12px 15px 20px 15px; margin-top: 25px } .qstn-title { color: #006fb9; font: normal normal bold 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .question p, .qstn, .question>div { font: normal normal normal 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } .question img { max-width: 100% } .question ol { margin-left: 20px; list-style-type: upper-alpha; color: #3e3e3e; font: normal normal normal 16px/34px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .question li::marker { color: #006fb9; font-weight: 700 } .qstn-option span { font: normal normal bold 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #006fb9 } .qstn-option { font: normal normal normal 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } .qstn-img { margin: 12px 0 } .question-section-b { margin-top: 23px } .section-subtitle { font: italic normal normal 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; width: 715px; margin: 0 auto; text-align: center } .downmoad-pdf { padding: 20px; font: normal normal bold 15px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; box-shadow: 0 3px 10px #00000029; border: 2px solid #006fb9; border-radius: 16px; width: 368px; margin: 0 auto; display: table; position: relative } .pdf-icon { position: absolute; right: 11px; top: 11px } .qstn span { font: normal normal bold 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .table-view { display: flex; margin-top: 10px } .opt-table { width: 613px; border: 1px solid #000; text-align: left } .opt-head { font: normal normal bold 13px/16px "Open Sans", sans-serif; border: 1px solid #000; padding: 3px } .opt { font: normal normal normal 13px/15px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; padding: 3px; border: 1px solid #000 } .table-view ul { position: relative; top: 20px; margin-right: 5px } .selbox-wrap { width: 330px; margin: 15px auto; position: relative; text-align: center } .selbox-wrap select { -webkit-appearance: none; -moz-appearance: none; appearance: none; background: #fff; box-shadow: 0 3px 6px #00000029; border: 2px solid #006fb9; border-radius: 10px; color: #3e3e3e; padding: 12px 28px 12px 9px; width: 100%; font: normal 16px/20px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .selbox-wrap::after { width: 0; height: 0; position: absolute; top: 40%; right: 5px; content: "\203A"; z-index: 1; font-size: 30px; transform: rotate(90deg); color: #006fb9 } .ate-search-wrap { width: 300px; margin: 0 auto 20px; position: relative } .ate-search-wrap .input-wrap { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; border-radius: 8px; background: #dfdfdf } .input-search { width: 296px; height: 42px; color: #3e3e3e; opacity: .98; background: transparent; font: normal normal normal 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; border: 0; padding: 12px 10px } .ate-search-wrap .input-wrap svg { margin: 9px 10px } .speaker-circle { background: transparent radial-gradient(closest-side at 37% 36%, #ff9140 0, #f16911 100%) 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; width: 39px; height: 38px; border-radius: 50%; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; flex-shrink: 0; margin-left: 20px; cursor: pointer } .ate-search-cont { display: flex; justify-content: space-between } .result-wrap { position: absolute; top: 43px; width: 336px; margin: -4px auto 0; background: #dfdfdf; padding: 20px 0 0; border-radius: 0 0 8px 8px; display: none; z-index: 1 } .abt--tl-sec .result-wrap ul { margin-bottom: 10px; height: 150px; overflow: auto } .result-wrap ul li { list-style: none; font: normal normal normal 16px/36px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .abt--tl-sec .result-wrap ul li a, .result-wrap ul li a { color: #3e3e3e } .abt--tl-sec .result-wrap ul li a:hover, .result-wrap ul li a:hover { color: #1c81c4 } .abt--tl-sec .result-wrap ul li::before, .result-wrap ul li::before { display: none } .abt--tl-sec .no-results { margin-left: 10px } .result-wrap .no-results { display: flex; justify-content: flex-start; margin-left: 10px } .no-results span { font: normal normal bold 16px/23px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; padding-left: 7px } .no-results span em { font: normal normal normal 14px/18px "Open Sans", sans-serif; display: block; color: #3e3e3e } .vsmc { max-width: 293px; margin: 14% auto } .voice-search-mb { border-radius: 19px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: center; align-items: center; gap: 20px; margin: 0 auto } .pulse-effect { background-color: #f16911; height: 40px; width: 40px; border-radius: 100%; position: relative; margin: 15px 0 } .circle { position: absolute; background-color: #f16911; height: 100%; width: 100%; border-radius: 100%; opacity: .5; animation: pulse 3s ease-out infinite } .circle:nth-of-type(1) { animation-delay: -0.5s } .circle:nth-of-type(2) { animation-delay: -1s } .circle:nth-of-type(3) { animation-delay: -1.5s } .pulse-effect img { position: absolute; top: 50%; left: 50%; transform: translate(-50%, -50%) } @keyframes pulse { 100% { transform: scale(1.75); opacity: 0 } } .or-text { text-align: center; margin: 20px 0 } .or-text span { color: #3e3e3e; font: normal normal normal 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; opacity: .7; position: relative } .or-text span::before, .or-text span::after { content: ""; background: #d7d7d7; width: 30px; height: 2px; position: absolute; top: 10px } .or-text span::before { left: -38px } .or-text span::after { right: -38px } .ate-accordion .freebweb-label { background: #006fb9; font: normal normal normal 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #fff } .ate-accordion .freebweb-label::after { color: #fff; margin-top: -10px; font-size: 40px } .ate-accordion .flexcol-wrap { justify-content: flex-start; align-items: center; position: relative; z-index: 1; margin: 20px 0 } .ate-accordion .tabs-wrap { margin-right: 0; justify-content: flex-start } .ate-accordion .filterDataList { position: relative; z-index: 7; margin-top: 0; margin-left: 5px } .ate-accordion .filterDataList .chosenList { margin: 0 } .ate-accordion .data-wrap { position: relative; z-index: 1 } .ate-accordion .subjectList { padding: 3px 7px 3px 10px; margin: 0 6px 0 } [hidden] { display: none; visibility: hidden } .group-list li { margin: 10px 0 } .sub-group-list li { margin: 10px 0 } .group-list, .sub-group-list, .sub-sub-group-list { height: 100%; max-height: 0; overflow: hidden; transition: max-height 0.5s ease-in-out } .nav__list input[type="checkbox"]:checked+label+ul { max-height: 100% } .syllabus-section { margin-bottom: 40px } .max-inner-container { max-width: 755px; margin: 0 auto } .syllabus-desc p { font: normal normal normal 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; margin-bottom: 20px; text-align: center } .syllabus-desc .rm-btn { font: normal normal 600 15px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; padding: 0; border: 0; background: 0; cursor: pointer; display: table; margin: 0 0 30px } .syllabus-desc .rm-btn:hover { opacity: .8 } .syllabus-section .accordion { margin-top: 15px } .syllabus-section .science-name { margin-top: 25px } .syllabus-section .accordion:first-child { margin-top: 0 } .syllabus-section .bord-accordion { border: 0 } .syllabus-section .border-label { padding: 0; font-weight: 400 } .syllabus-section .accordion-label::after { top: 8px; color: #8d72a1; right: 10px } .syllabus-section input:checked+.accordion-label::after { right: 10px } input:checked+.border-label { font-weight: 400 } .syllabus-section input:checked~.accordion-content { padding: 10px 0 0 0; margin: 0 12px } .accordion-content-inner { max-height: 0; padding: 0; color: #2c3e50; -webkit-transition: all 0.35s; transition: all 0.35s; font: 400 16px/28px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .inner-tab input:checked~.accordion-content-inner { max-height: 100vh } .biology-bg { background: #fff } .science-bg, .chemistry-bg, .physics-bg, .biology-bg { background: #8d72a1 } .common-sub-bg { background: #efefef } .mathematics-bg { background: #668c80 } .maths-bg { background: #668c80 } .oth-bg { background: #cbaa5f } .hindi-bg { background: #cbaa5f } .social-studies-bg { background: #c16366 } .economics-bg { background: #c16366 } .economics-applications-bg { background: #c16366 } .english-bg { background: #4fa2ad } .economics .sub-name { border: 2px solid #c16366; color: #fff } .chemistry .sub-name, .physics .sub-name, .biology .sub-name { border: 2px solid #8d72a1; color: #fff } .maths .sub-name { border: 2px solid #668c80; color: #fff } .maths .group-list .sub-name, .hindi .group-list .sub-name, .social .group-list .sub-name, .english .group-list .sub-name, .social-studies .group-list .sub-name, .physics .group-list .sub-name, .biology .group-list .sub-name, .chemistry .group-list .sub-name, .economics .group-list .sub-name { color: #3e3e3e } .social-studies .group-list .sub-name.economics-bg { color: #fff } .hindi .sub-name { border: 2px solid #cbaa5f; color: #fff } .social .sub-name { border: 2px solid #c16366; color: #fff } .english .sub-name { border: 2px solid #4fa2ad; color: #fff } .social-studies .sub-name { color: #fff } .sub-name { display: block; width: 100%; padding: 10px; box-shadow: 0 3px 6px #00000029; border: 2px solid #8d72a1; border-radius: 11px; font: normal 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0; color: #3e3e3e; position: relative } .syllabus-section .science-name .sci-name { color: #fff; border: 0; padding: 13px } .syllabus-section .syllabus-section .science-name .accordion-label::after { color: #fff } .syllabus-section .sci-label::after { color: #fff } .lesson-points { padding: 0 25px } .lesson-points li { border-bottom: 1px solid #d9d9d9; text-align: left; font: normal 15px/35px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .lesson-points .sub-links { color: #3e3e3e } .lesson-points li:last-child { border-bottom: 0 } .view-syllabus { font: normal 13px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #fff; padding: 1px 10px; border-radius: 15px; position: absolute; right: 50px; top: 12px } .view-science-bg { background: #604e6e } .view-biology-bg { background: #604e6e } .view-chemistry-bg { background: #604e6e } .view-physics-bg { background: #604e6e } .view-grammar-bg { background: #366f76 } .view-mathematics-bg { background: #466057 } .view-maths-bg { background: #466057 } .view-oth-bg { background: #5f4f2c } .view-hindi-bg { background: #5f4f2c } .view-social-studies-bg { background: #844446 } .view-economics-bg { background: #844446 } .view-economics-applications-bg { background: #844446 } .view-english-bg { background: #366f76 } .view-business-studies-bg { background: #8d72a1 } .view-accountancy-bg { background: #8d72a1 } .view-poems-and-short-stories-bg { background: #366f76 } .time-schedule { font: normal normal 600 15px/20px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; padding-bottom: 10px } .time-schedule span { font-weight: 400 } .webinar-box .webinar { width: 550px; height: 138px; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 15px } .webinar-box .webinar-inner { height: 106px } .webinar-flex .webinar-box:first-child { margin-left: 0 } .webinar-flex .webinar-box:nth-of-type(2n) { margin-right: 0 } .webinar-section { margin-bottom: 20px } .webinar-flex { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: center } .webinar { border-radius: 16px; width: 370px; height: 126px; margin-right: 20px; margin-bottom: 30px; cursor: pointer } .bg-web-mathematics { border: 2px solid #668c80; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-maths { border: 2px solid #668c80; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-science { border: 2px solid #8d72a1; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-biology { border: 2px solid #8d72a1; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-chemistry { border: 2px solid #8d72a1; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-physics { border: 2px solid #8d72a1; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-english { border: 2px solid #366f76; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-grammar { border: 2px solid #366f76; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-poems-and-short-stories { border: 2px solid #366f76; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-hindi { border: 2px solid #cbaa5f; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-oth { border: 2px solid #cbaa5f; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-social-studies { border: 2px solid #c16366; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-economics { border: 2px solid #c16366; overflow: hidden } .bg-web-economics-applications { border: 2px solid #c16366; overflow: hidden } .webinar:nth-child(3n+3) { margin-right: 0 } .webinar-inner { background: #fff; height: 94px; display: flex; padding: 12px 13px 25px 11px; border-radius: 16px } .webinar-text { margin-left: 10px } .webinar-title { font: normal normal 600 16px/20px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } .webinar-desc { font: normal normal normal 13px/20px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } .webinar-bottom { display: flex } .webinar-duration { width: 50%; background-color: #efefef; padding: 4px 12px; font: normal normal normal 13px/20px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; position: relative } .webinar-duration:before { content: ""; position: absolute; width: 12px; height: 7px; border-radius: 40%; box-shadow: 5px 5px 0 0 #efefef; top: -10px; left: -2px; transform: rotate(45deg); z-index: -1 } .status-mathematics { background-color: #668c80 } .status-maths { background-color: #668c80 } .status-mathematics:after { box-shadow: 5px 5px 0 0 #668c80 } .status-maths:after { box-shadow: 5px 5px 0 0 #668c80 } .webinar-status { width: 50%; padding: 4px 12px; font: normal normal normal 13px/20px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #fff; text-align: center; position: relative; cursor: pointer } .webinar-status:after { content: ""; position: absolute; width: 7px; height: 12px; border-radius: 0 40% 40% 40%; top: -12px; right: 0; transform: rotate(45deg) } .w-play { display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; color: #fff; margin: 0 auto } .status-science { background-color: #8d72a1 } .status-biology { background-color: #8d72a1 } .status-chemistry { background-color: #8d72a1 } .status-physics { background-color: #8d72a1 } .status-science:after { box-shadow: 5px 5px 0 0 #8d72a1 } .status-social-studies { background-color: #c16366 } .status-economics { background-color: #c16366 } .status-economics-applications { background-color: #c16366 } .status-social-studies:after { box-shadow: 5px 5px 0 0 #c16366 } .status-hindi { background-color: #cbaa5f } .status-oth { background-color: #cbaa5f } .status-english { background-color: #366f76 } .status-grammar { background-color: #366f76 } .status-poems-and-short-stories { background-color: #366f76 } .status-hindi:after { box-shadow: 5px 5px 0 0 #cbaa5f } .w-time { font: normal normal 600 15px/19px "Open Sans", sans-serif; letter-spacing: 1.28px } .free-web-accordion { margin-top: 20px } .freebweb-label { position: relative; background: #fff; box-shadow: 0 3px 6px #00000029; border: 2px solid #006fb9; border-radius: 9px; display: block; width: 100%; padding: 8px 15px; color: #3e3e3e; font: normal normal normal 16px/28px "Open Sans", sans-serif; cursor: pointer } .freebweb-label::after { content: "\203A"; width: 1em; height: 1em; text-align: center; -webkit-transition: all 0.35s; transition: all 0.35s; font-weight: 100; font-size: 30px; -webkit-transform: rotate(90deg); transform: rotate(90deg); color: #006fb9; opacity: .8; position: absolute; right: 8px } .freebweb-label span { display: inline-block; width: 95% } .free-web-accordion input { position: absolute; opacity: 0; z-index: -1 } .web-accord-content { max-height: 0; padding: 0; color: #2c3e50; -webkit-transition: all 0.35s; transition: all 0.35s; font: 400 16px/28px "Open Sans", sans-serif; opacity: 0; margin: 0; pointer-events: none } .webinar-box { margin: 0 15px 0 } input:checked+.freebweb-label::after { -webkit-transform: rotate(270deg); transform: rotate(270deg); right: 4px } input:checked~.web-accord-content { max-height: 100%; padding: 10px 0; opacity: 1; pointer-events: auto } #consmp-wrap .max-container { width: 853px } #consmp-wrap img { width: 100% } #consmp-wrap .glide__arrows { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; margin-top: 7px } #consmp-wrap .glide__arrow { width: 33px; height: 33px; border: 2px solid #006fb9; border-radius: 50%; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; cursor: pointer } #consmp-wrap .glide__arrow--prev svg { margin-left: -5px; margin-top: -6px } #consmp-wrap .glide__arrow--next svg { margin-left: -4px; margin-top: -6px } #slider-numbers { position: absolute; left: 50%; bottom: 10px } .ex-wrap { background: #efefef 0 0 no-repeat padding-box; border: 1px solid #c1c1c1 } .ex-wrap .excercise-cont { display: block; overflow: auto } .excercise-cont .exlinks { /* width: 90px; height: 46px; */ padding: 12px 0; margin: 0 20px; text-align: center; font: normal normal normal 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block } .excercise-cont .exlinks:hover, .excercise-cont .exlinks.active { background: #006fb9; color: #fff; display: inline-block } .exc-cont { width: 1094px; margin: 0 auto } .chapt-text { color: #f16911; font: normal normal bold 10px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; text-transform: uppercase; padding-top: 18px } .soln-cont { border-bottom: 2px solid #e7e7e7; padding: 0 0 18px } .soln-cont:last-child { border-bottom: 0 } .soln-cont h2 { color: #465d52; font: normal normal bold 18px/28px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .number-list, .lowalpha-list, .upalpha-list, .lowroman-list, .uproman-list { margin: 20px 0 10px } .number-list li { list-style: decimal; margin-left: 20px; padding-bottom: 10px; font: 400 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .lowalpha-list li { list-style: lower-alpha; margin-left: 20px; padding-bottom: 10px; font: 400 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .upalpha-list li { list-style: upper-alpha; margin-left: 20px; padding-bottom: 10px; font: 400 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .lowroman-list li { list-style: lower-roman; margin-left: 20px; padding-bottom: 10px; font: 400 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .uproman-list li { list-style: upper-roman; margin-left: 20px; padding-bottom: 10px; font: 400 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .soln-ttl { font: normal normal bold 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; padding: 10px 0 } .soln-ttl div, .soln-cont div { font: normal normal normal 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } .soln-cont p { font: normal normal normal 16px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e } .soln-ttl ol { margin-left: 15px; font-weight: 400; margin-top: 15px } .pgcont p { font: normal normal normal 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; color: #3e3e3e; margin-bottom: 20px } .abt--tl-sec ul { margin-bottom: 20px } .abt--tl-sec ul li { font: 400 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif; margin-left: 15px; padding-bottom: 15px; color: #3e3e3e } .abt--tl-sec ul li::before { content: ""; width: 7px; height: 7px; background: #999; border-radius: 50%; display: block; margin: 5px 10px 0 -15px; float: left } .abt--tl-sec ul li a { color: #1c81c4 } .video-container { width: 720px; height: 427px; border-radius: 9px; background: #848484; margin: 30px auto; position: relative; cursor: pointer } .lg-modal .modal-class { max-width: 761px } .lg-modal .modal-class .video-js { width: 710px; height: 320px } .pricing .pkg-ttl { padding: 15px 5px 10px; min-height: 75px; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center } .pricing .glide__track { max-width: 750px; margin: 50px auto 0 } .pricing .pkg-wrap .glide__slide { max-width: 321px; margin: 0 0 30px } .pricing .pkg-box ul { background: #f0f0f0; width: 95%; height: 394px; border-radius: 25px } .view-pack { text-align: center; color: #3e3e3e; font: normal normal bold 16px/34px "Open Sans", sans-serif; display: block; padding-bottom: 12px; padding-top: 10px } @media screen and (min-width:1024px) and (max-width:1200px) { .subject-wrap { margin: 0 10px } .subject-box { flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0 5px } } @media only screen and (max-width:1023px) { .subject-wrap { flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: center; margin: 0 } .subject-wrap a { margin: 0 7px 20px } .subject-box { margin: 0 10px 20px; width: 176px; height: 112px } .subject-box em { font: normal normal bold 14px/20px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .list-wrap ul li { max-width: 338px; font: normal normal 600 14px/20px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .viewchapt { width: 80%; max-width: 377px } .comm-tabs { margin: 0 -15px } .sec-titl-w h2 { font: normal normal bold 18px/24px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .video-container { width: 100%; max-width: 377px; height: 224px } .flexcol-wrap { flex-wrap: wrap; max-width: 480px; margin: 11px auto 15px; justify-content: center } .tabs-wrap { margin-right: -15px; overflow: auto; margin-bottom: 18px; justify-content: flex-start; width: 100% } .tabs-wrap a { flex-shrink: 0 } .select-wrap { width: 285px } .banner-pyqs { width: 90%; flex-direction: column; height: 327px; background-color: #eaeaea } .pyqs-left-img { width: 100%; height: 100%; background-size: contain } .banner-pyqs .text { width: 71%; margin: 0 auto 10px; line-height: 20px; font-size: 14px } .banner-sample { width: 90%; flex-direction: column; height: 100% } .sample-left-img { width: 100%; height: 212px; background-size: contain } .banner-sample .text { width: 71%; margin: 10px auto; line-height: 20px; font-size: 14px } .max-inner-container { max-width: 100%; padding: 0 15px } .syllabus-section .clr-accordion { margin-top: 90px } .webinar-box { margin: 0 } .webinar-box .webinar { width: 100%; height: 168px } .webinar-box .webinar-inner { height: 136px; overflow: hidden } .freebweb-label { font: normal normal normal 16px/22px "Open Sans", sans-serif } .max-inner-container { max-width: 100%; padding: 0 15px } .syllabus-section .clr-accordion { margin-top: 90px } .ex-wrap { border-left: 0; border-right: 0 } .exc-cont { width: 100%; padding: 0 15px } .ex-wrap .excercise-cont { overflow: auto; white-space: nowrap } .pricing .glide__track { max-width: 100% } .nxt--vid-grid .vdo-img-wrap, .nxt--vid-grid .vdo-img-wrap img { width: 100% } .soln-cont p img { max-width: 100%; height: 100% } } @media only screen and (max-width:768px) { .webinar { margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 20px } .section-subtitle { width: 100% } .qstn-img { width: 100% } .downmoad-pdf { width: 100% } .table-view .qstn-option { font: normal normal normal 13px/13px Open Sans } .table-view .qstn-option span { font: normal normal bold 13px/24px Open Sans } .table-div { overflow-x: auto } .table-view ul { width: 28px } .list-wrap ul li { width: 100%; margin: 0 5px 15px } .samp-brd-box { width: 150px; height: auto; margin: 0 7px 15px } .lg-modal .modal-class { width: 100%; height: 50%; margin: 0 auto; border: 0; border-radius: 0 } } @media only screen and (max-width:480px) { .subject-box { width: 150px; margin: 0 6px 20px } .input-search { width: 220px } } </style> <script> var pageData = {}; var pageUrl = "https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10"; var siteUrl = "https://www.topperlearning.com/"; var elementId = ""; var boardId = "101"; var classId = "2"; var subjectId = ""; var questionType = ""; var chapterId = ""; var topicId= ""; var isVideo= ""; var videoTypeCheck= ""; var videoLevel = "" var contentId = ""; var isStaticContent = ""; var isConsumption = ""; var seoTitle = `CBSE Class 10 - Get CBSE Class 10 Syllabus, Solutions & Sample Papers Online - TopperLearning`; var pdfData = {}; var videoData = {}; var htmlContentConsumption = 0; var isMobile = window.innerWidth < 1024; var showAds = localStorage.getItem('showAds') == null ? 1 : localStorage.getItem('showAds'); showAds = parseInt(showAds); </script> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-W48MRLD');</script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> <!-- Google Analytics --> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-3228942-5"></script> <script> // setTimeout(function(){ // var gaScript = document.createElement('script'); // gaScript.src = "https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-3228942-5"; // gaScript.async=true; // var head = document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0]; // // insert the script element at the beginning of the head tag // head.insertBefore(gaScript, head.firstChild); // }, 5000); </script> <script> window.addEventListener("scroll", function(){ var gptJsScript = document.createElement('script'); gptJsScript.async = true; gptJsScript.src = "https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js"; document.head.appendChild(gptJsScript); }, { once: true }); </script> <script> var selectTag ='h1'; var htmlMethod = 'afterend'; </script> <script> document.addEventListener('touchstart', function(){ if(isMobile && showAds == 1){ let h1Tag = document.querySelector(selectTag); if(h1Tag){ let adHTML = '<div class="max-container ad-banner"><a href="https://click.onatrack.in/c?o=19578024&m=3376&a=414456" target="_blank" style="margin:0 auto" title="Click On Track"><img src="'+siteUrl+'assets/v1/images/dbs-250x250.jpg" onclick="oneNativeAds()" alt="Topper Ad" width="250" height="250"></a></div>'; h1Tag.insertAdjacentHTML(htmlMethod, adHTML); } } },{ once: true }); function oneNativeAds(){ gtag("event", "click", {"event_category": "OneNativeAds","event_label": "DBS"}); } </script> <!-- Global site tag (gtag.js) - Google Analytics --> <script> // setTimeout(function(){ window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'UA-3228942-5'); // }, 5000); </script> <!-- End Google Analytics --> <!-- googletag object --> <script> window.googletag = window.googletag || { cmd: [] }; googletag.cmd.push(function() { // // googletag.pubads().setTargeting('meta_keywords', { // json_encode: explode(",", $metaTags['keywords']) // }); // googletag.pubads().setTargeting('title_name', `CBSE Class 10 - Get CBSE Class 10 Syllabus, Solutions & Sample Papers Online - TopperLearning` ); googletag.pubads().setTargeting('page_url', "https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10"); googletag.pubads().setTargeting('DFP', "okay"); googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest(); googletag.enableServices(); /*setTimeout(function(){ googletag.pubads().refresh(); }, 2000);*/ }); </script> <!-- End googletag object --> <script data-cfasync="false"> window.addEventListener("scroll", function(){ (function(w, d) { var s = d.createElement('script'); s.src = '//cdn.adpushup.com/43005/adpushup.js'; s.crossOrigin = 'anonymous'; s.type = 'text/javascript'; s.async = true; (d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || d.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(s); w.adpushup = w.adpushup || { que: [] }; })(window, document); }, {once: true}); </script> </head> <body> <!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-W48MRLD" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <div id="overlay" onclick="closeMobileNav()"></div> <header> <div class="header-login-wrap"> <div class="header-left"> <div id="mobile-menu" class="hamburger" onclick="openMobileNav();"> <span class="bar1"></span> <span class="bar2"></span> <span class="bar3"></span> </div> <div class="logo"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/" title="TopperLearning"> <svg id="Component_19_161" data-name="Component 19 – 16" width="159" height="48" viewBox="0 0 122 37.116"><g id="Group_31" data-name="Group 3" transform="translate(0 0)"> <g id="Group_16121" data-name="Group 1612" transform="translate(0 0)"> <g id="Group_16131" data-name="Group 1613" transform="translate(0 0)"> <path id="Path_4189" data-name="Path 418" d="M11.586,5.374V24.405H5.248V5.374H0V0H16.834V5.374Z" transform="translate(0 0)" fill="#1b80c3"/> <path id="Path_4190" data-name="Path 419" d="M237.74,24.406V0h9.705a11.886,11.886,0,0,1,4.679.853,6.532,6.532,0,0,1,3.106,2.656,8.555,8.555,0,0,1,1.1,4.521q0,4.236-2.2,6.26t-6.449,2.023h-3.6v8.093Zm6.338-19.284v6.07h1.075a9.14,9.14,0,0,0,3.43-.489q1.138-.489,1.138-2.475a3.184,3.184,0,0,0-.585-2.112,2.464,2.464,0,0,0-1.486-.836,15.293,15.293,0,0,0-2.5-.158Z" transform="translate(-191.784 0)" fill="#1b80c3"/> <path id="Path_4201" data-name="Path 420" d="M340.084,24.406V0h9.705a11.889,11.889,0,0,1,4.679.853,6.532,6.532,0,0,1,3.106,2.656,8.553,8.553,0,0,1,1.1,4.521q0,4.236-2.2,6.26t-6.449,2.023h-3.6v8.093Zm6.338-19.284v6.07H347.5a9.14,9.14,0,0,0,3.43-.489q1.138-.489,1.138-2.475a3.184,3.184,0,0,0-.585-2.112,2.464,2.464,0,0,0-1.486-.836,15.293,15.293,0,0,0-2.5-.158Z" transform="translate(-274.344 0)" fill="#1b80c3"/> <path id="Path_4211" data-name="Path 421" d="M456.322,5.374h-7.556V9.452h7.16v5.374h-7.16v4.2h7.556v5.374H442.428V0h13.894Z" transform="translate(-356.904 0)" fill="#1b80c3"/> <path id="Path_4221" data-name="Path 422" d="M538.759,14.4,546.425,24.4h-7.9l-5.975-9.389h-.079V24.4h-6.339V0h9.484a11.169,11.169,0,0,1,4.379.814,6.528,6.528,0,0,1,3.019,2.5,7.564,7.564,0,0,1,1.091,4.2,7.986,7.986,0,0,1-.624,3.169,6.164,6.164,0,0,1-4.718,3.722m-6.291-9.547v6.086h.616a6.882,6.882,0,0,0,3.177-.64A2.447,2.447,0,0,0,537.494,7.9a2.46,2.46,0,0,0-1.233-2.418,6.957,6.957,0,0,0-3.177-.632Z" transform="translate(-424.425 0.001)" fill="#1b80c3"/> <path id="Path_4231" data-name="Path 423" d="M103.553,1.705a12.988,12.988,0,1,0,12.988,12.988A12.989,12.989,0,0,0,103.553,1.705" transform="translate(-73.057 -1.375)" fill="#f48020" fill-rule="evenodd"/> <path id="Path_4240" data-name="Path 424" d="M132.942,28.715l-5.656-1.087L124.5,22.585l-2.781,5.043-5.656,1.087,3.937,4.2-.715,5.715,5.215-2.446,5.215,2.446L129,32.919Z" transform="translate(-93.631 -18.219)" fill="#fff" fill-rule="evenodd"/> <path id="Path_4250" data-name="Path 425" d="M240.348,160.662h3.121v.821h-4.1v-7.214h.977Z" transform="translate(-193.1 -124.448)" fill="#8897a7"/> <path id="Path_4260" data-name="Path 426" d="M289.338,154.269v.8h-3.463v2.4h2.8v.765h-2.8v2.462h3.463v.8h-4.445v-7.214Z" transform="translate(-229.822 -124.447)" fill="#8897a7"/> <path id="Path_4270" data-name="Path 427" d="M336.4,161.483h-.755a.325.325,0,0,1-.212-.065.4.4,0,0,1-.121-.166l-.674-1.742H331.4l-.675,1.742a.4.4,0,0,1-.121.161.322.322,0,0,1-.211.07h-.755l2.884-7.214h.992Zm-4.727-2.678h2.693l-1.133-2.935a5.471,5.471,0,0,1-.216-.679q-.055.206-.108.38t-.1.3Z" transform="translate(-265.915 -124.448)" fill="#8897a7"/> <path id="Path_4280" data-name="Path 428" d="M389.568,158.472v3.011H388.6v-7.214h2.039a4.455,4.455,0,0,1,1.183.139,2.26,2.26,0,0,1,.823.4,1.6,1.6,0,0,1,.481.632,2.116,2.116,0,0,1,.156.828,2.075,2.075,0,0,1-.121.715,1.888,1.888,0,0,1-.35.6,2.091,2.091,0,0,1-.559.45,2.765,2.765,0,0,1-.748.282,1.03,1.03,0,0,1,.322.307l2.1,2.865h-.866a.427.427,0,0,1-.393-.206L390.8,158.7a.542.542,0,0,0-.186-.174.673.673,0,0,0-.3-.053Zm0-.71h1.022a2.487,2.487,0,0,0,.753-.1,1.53,1.53,0,0,0,.544-.292,1.209,1.209,0,0,0,.33-.451,1.472,1.472,0,0,0,.111-.579,1.149,1.149,0,0,0-.426-.972,2.056,2.056,0,0,0-1.266-.327h-1.067Z" transform="translate(-313.478 -124.447)" fill="#8897a7"/> <path id="Path_4290" data-name="Path 429" d="M441.066,154.3a.5.5,0,0,1,.143.133l4.178,5.437q-.015-.131-.02-.254c0-.082,0-.162,0-.239v-5.11h.855v7.214h-.493a.419.419,0,0,1-.194-.04.481.481,0,0,1-.154-.136l-4.173-5.432c.007.084.012.166.015.246s.005.154.005.222v5.14h-.856v-7.214h.5a.439.439,0,0,1,.194.033" transform="translate(-355.243 -124.448)" fill="#8897a7"/> <rect id="Rectangle_2670" data-name="Rectangle 267" width="0.977" height="7.214" transform="translate(96.543 29.821)" fill="#8897a7"/> <path id="Path_4301" data-name="Path 430" d="M533.934,154.3a.5.5,0,0,1,.143.133l4.178,5.437c-.01-.087-.017-.172-.02-.254s0-.162,0-.239v-5.11h.856v7.214h-.493a.419.419,0,0,1-.194-.04.479.479,0,0,1-.154-.136l-4.173-5.432c.007.084.012.166.015.246s.005.154.005.222v5.14h-.856v-7.214h.5a.438.438,0,0,1,.194.033" transform="translate(-430.159 -124.448)" fill="#8897a7"/> <path id="Path_4310" data-name="Path 431" d="M592.816,160.438a4.759,4.759,0,0,0,.536-.028,3.368,3.368,0,0,0,.461-.083,3.131,3.131,0,0,0,.408-.133q.192-.078.383-.179v-1.591h-1.117a.212.212,0,0,1-.154-.055.181.181,0,0,1-.058-.136v-.554h2.215v2.769a3.962,3.962,0,0,1-.566.342,3.866,3.866,0,0,1-.629.244,4.559,4.559,0,0,1-.717.146,6.756,6.756,0,0,1-.831.048,3.748,3.748,0,0,1-1.44-.269,3.312,3.312,0,0,1-1.128-.755,3.434,3.434,0,0,1-.737-1.165,4.1,4.1,0,0,1-.264-1.5,4.19,4.19,0,0,1,.26-1.505,3.235,3.235,0,0,1,1.9-1.918,4.165,4.165,0,0,1,1.528-.267,4.727,4.727,0,0,1,.8.063,3.731,3.731,0,0,1,.682.181,3.182,3.182,0,0,1,.581.287,3.569,3.569,0,0,1,.5.38l-.277.443a.254.254,0,0,1-.222.136.357.357,0,0,1-.176-.055q-.126-.07-.282-.171a2.4,2.4,0,0,0-.38-.194,3.055,3.055,0,0,0-.529-.159,3.493,3.493,0,0,0-.723-.065,2.93,2.93,0,0,0-1.1.2,2.336,2.336,0,0,0-.84.569,2.519,2.519,0,0,0-.534.9,3.523,3.523,0,0,0-.186,1.181,3.582,3.582,0,0,0,.194,1.221,2.58,2.58,0,0,0,.546.909,2.36,2.36,0,0,0,.836.569,2.814,2.814,0,0,0,1.068.2" transform="translate(-475.285 -124.112)" fill="#8897a7"/> </g> </g> </g> </svg> </a> </div> </div> <div class="header-right"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/doubts-solutions/all-questions/" class="ask-doubt-link"><span class="ate-text">Ask a Doubt</span> <span><svg width="18" height="18" viewBox="0 0 20.302 19.382"> <g id="ask-a-doubt" transform="translate(1.15 1.15)"> <path id="Union_7" data-name="Union 7" d="M8384.251-141.365H8377a3,3,0,0,1-3-3V-151a3,3,0,0,1,3-3h12a3,3,0,0,1,3,3v6.636a3,3,0,0,1-3,3h-.4l-3.325,3.4Z" transform="translate(-8373.999 153.999)" fill="none" stroke="#f16911" stroke-width="2.3"/> </g> </svg></span> </a> </a> <div class="cart-link"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/store/make_payment" title="Cart"> <svg width="17.14" height="16" viewBox="0 0 18.14 17" fill="#1B80C3"> <path id="cart" d="M12.75,16a1.067,1.067,0,1,1,1.062-1.067A1.066,1.066,0,0,1,12.75,16ZM7.438,16A1.067,1.067,0,1,1,8.5,14.933,1.066,1.066,0,0,1,7.438,16Zm5.844-3.2H7.438a2.132,2.132,0,0,1-2.125-2.134L4.25,4.267h.006l-1.068-3.2H.531A.533.533,0,0,1,.531,0h3.44L5.3,4.267H17l-1.594,6.4A2.132,2.132,0,0,1,13.282,12.8ZM5.489,5.333l.885,5.333a1.066,1.066,0,0,0,1.063,1.067h5.844a1.066,1.066,0,0,0,1.062-1.067l1.328-5.333Z" transform="translate(0.5 0.5)" fill="none" stroke="#1B80C3" stroke-width="1"/> </svg> <span class="cart-number-wrap" id="cart-number" style="display: none;"></span> </a> </div> <div class="search-wrap"> <div class="gcse-search" id="cse"> <input type="text" id="cseInput" class="srh-input" placeholder="Search"> <button class="ic-search" aria-label="Search"><svg height="20px" viewBox="0 0 20 20" width="20px" fill="#fff"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z" fill="none"/><path d="M15.5 14h-.79l-.28-.27C15.41 12.59 16 11.11 16 9.5 16 5.91 13.09 3 9.5 3S3 5.91 3 9.5 5.91 16 9.5 16c1.61 0 3.09-.59 4.23-1.57l.27.28v.79l5 4.99L20.49 19l-4.99-5zm-6 0C7.01 14 5 11.99 5 9.5S7.01 5 9.5 5 14 7.01 14 9.5 11.99 14 9.5 14z"/></svg></button> </div> </div> <button class="search" data-target="searchModal" onclick="popOpen('searchModal')" data-toggle="popup-overlay" id="mobileSearchBtn" title="Search" name="Search"> <svg height="20px" viewBox="0 0 20 20" width="20px" fill="#848484"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z" fill="none"/><path d="M15.5 14h-.79l-.28-.27C15.41 12.59 16 11.11 16 9.5 16 5.91 13.09 3 9.5 3S3 5.91 3 9.5 5.91 16 9.5 16c1.61 0 3.09-.59 4.23-1.57l.27.28v.79l5 4.99L20.49 19l-4.99-5zm-6 0C7.01 14 5 11.99 5 9.5S7.01 5 9.5 5 14 7.01 14 9.5 11.99 14 9.5 14z"/></svg> </button> <div class="bfl-box" id="bfl-box"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/sign-in" class="login-link">Login</a> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/sign-up" class="signup-link">Sign Up</a> </div> <div class="afl-box" id="afl-box" style="display: none;text-align: left;"> <div class="hd-profile-pic"> <img src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/guest-user.svg" alt="profile photo" title="" width="63" height="63" loading="lazy"> </div> <div class="user-detls"> <div class="user"> <span>Hello</span> <div class="username" id="usernameDesktop"></div> </div> <div class="dwn-arrow"> </div> </div> <div class="user-menu"> <!-- <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/my-profile">Profile</a> --> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/dashboard">Dashboard</a> <button onclick="logout()">Logout</button> </div> </div> <div class="net18-logo"> <img src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/nw18.svg" alt="Network 18" width="28" height="25"> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </div> <div class="header-flex-wrap"> <nav class="header-menu"> <ul class="flex-space"> <li > <button>Boards</button> <ul class="submenu"> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse">CBSE</a> <ul class="innermenu top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-1">Class 1</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-2">Class 2</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-3">Class 3</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-4">Class 4</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-5">Class 5</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6">Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7">Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8">Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9">Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10">Class 10</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science">Class 11 Science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce">Class 11 Commerce</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science">Class 12 Science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce">Class 12 Commerce</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse">ICSE</a> <ul class="innermenu top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-1">Class 1</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-2">Class 2</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-3">Class 3</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-4">Class 4</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-5">Class 5</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-6">Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-7">Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-8">Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-9">Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-10">Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/maharashtra">Maharashtra</a> <ul class="innermenu top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-1">Class 1</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-2">Class 2</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-3">Class 3</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-4">Class 4</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-5">Class 5</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/maharashtra-class-6">Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/maharashtra-class-7">Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/maharashtra-class-8">Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/maharashtra-class-9">Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/maharashtra-class-10">Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <button>NCERT Solutions</button> <ul class="submenu"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-12-science">NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-12-commerce">NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Commerce</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-11-science">NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-11-commerce">NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Commerce</a> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10">NCERT Solutions for Class 10</a> <ul class="innermenu top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10">NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths</a> </li> <li > <span>NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science</span> <ul class=""> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-biology">NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Biology</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-physics">NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Physics</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-chemistry">NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Chemistry</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-english">NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-hindi">NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Hindi</a> </li> <li > <span>NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science</span> <ul class=""> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-history">NCERT Solutions for Class 10 History</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-civics">NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Civics</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-geography">NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Geography</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9">NCERT Solutions for Class 9</a> <ul class="innermenu top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-maths">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths</a> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science</a> <ul class=""> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-biology">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Biology</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-physics">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Physics</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-chemistry">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Chemistry</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-english">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-hindi">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Hindi</a> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science</a> <ul class=""> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-history">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 History</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-civics">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Civics</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-geography">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Geography</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8">NCERT Solutions for Class 8</a> <ul class="innermenu top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-maths">NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-science">NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-english">NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-hindi">NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-history">NCERT Solutions for Class 8 History</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-civics">NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Civics</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-geography">NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-7">NCERT Solutions for Class 7</a> <ul class="innermenu top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-7-maths">NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-7-science">NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-7-english">NCERT Solutions for Class 7 English</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-7-hindi">NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Hindi</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-7-history">NCERT Solutions for Class 7 History</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-7-civics">NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Civics</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-7-geography">NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Geography</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-6">NCERT Solutions for Class 6</a> <ul class="innermenu top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-6-maths">NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Maths</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-6-science">NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-6-english">NCERT Solutions for Class 6 English</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-6-hindi">NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Hindi</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-6-history">NCERT Solutions for Class 6 History</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-6-civics">NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Civics</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-6-geography">NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Geography</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <button>Selina Solutions</button> <ul class="submenu"> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-10">Selina Solutions for Class 10</a> <ul class="innermenu "> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-10-maths">Selina Solutions for Class 10 Maths</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-10-physics">Selina Solutions for Class 10 Physics</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-10-chemistry">Selina Solutions for Class 10 Chemistry</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-10-biology">Selina Solutions for Class 10 Biology</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-9">Selina Solutions for Class 9</a> <ul class="innermenu "> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-9-maths">Selina Solutions for Class 9 Maths</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-9-physics">Selina Solutions for Class 9 Physics</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-9-chemistry">Selina Solutions for Class 9 Chemistry</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-9-biology">Selina Solutions for Class 9 Biology</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-8">Selina Solutions for Class 8</a> <ul class="innermenu "> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-8-maths">Selina Solutions for Class 8 Maths</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-8-physics">Selina Solutions for Class 8 Physics</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-8-chemistry">Selina Solutions for Class 8 Chemistry</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-8-biology">Selina Solutions for Class 8 Biology</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <button>Other Solutions</button> <ul class="submenu"> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/rd-sharma-solutions">RD Sharma Solutions</a> <ul class="innermenu "> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/rd-sharma-solutions/cbse-class-12-science">RD Sharma Class 12 Solutions</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/rd-sharma-solutions/cbse-class-11-science">RD Sharma Class 11 Solutions</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/rd-sharma-solutions/cbse-class-10">RD Sharma Class 10 Solutions</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/rd-sharma-solutions/cbse-class-9">RD Sharma Class 9 Solutions</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>R S Aggarwal And V Aggarwal Solutions</span> <ul class="innermenu "> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/r-s-aggarwal-and-v-aggarwal-solutions/cbse-class-10">R S Aggarwal And V Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/r-s-aggarwal-and-v-aggarwal-solutions/cbse-class-9">R S Aggarwal And V Aggarwal Class 9 Solutions</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>Lakhmir Singh And Manjit Kaur Solutions</span> <ul class="innermenu "> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/lakhmir-singh-and-manjit-kaur-solutions/cbse-class-10">Lakhmir Singh And Manjit Kaur Class 10 Solutions</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/lakhmir-singh-and-manjit-kaur-solutions/cbse-class-9">Lakhmir Singh And Manjit Kaur Class 9 Solutions</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>P S Verma and V K Agarwal Solutions</span> <ul class="innermenu "> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/p-s-verma-and-v-k-agarwal-solutions/cbse-class-9">P S Verma and V K Agarwal Class 9 Solutions</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>Frank Solutions</span> <ul class="innermenu "> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/frank-solutions/icse-class-10">Frank Solutions for Class 10</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/frank-solutions/icse-class-9">Frank Solutions for Class 9</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>T S Grewal Solutions</span> <ul class="innermenu "> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/t-s-grewal-solutions/cbse-class-12-commerce">T S Grewal Solutions for class 12 commerce</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/t-s-grewal-solutions/cbse-class-11-commerce">T S Grewal Solutions for class 11 commerce</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <button>Study Materials</button> <ul class="submenu"> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse">CBSE</a> <ul class="innermenu top-space"> <li > <span>CBSE Sample Papers</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-sample-papers">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-sample-papers">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-sample-papers">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-sample-papers">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science-sample-papers">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 11 Science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce-sample-papers">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 11 Commerce</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science-sample-papers">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce-sample-papers">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Commerce</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>CBSE Revision Notes</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-revision-notes">CBSE Class 6 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-revision-notes">CBSE Class 7 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-revision-notes">CBSE Class 8 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-revision-notes">CBSE Class 9 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-revision-notes">CBSE Class 10 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science-revision-notes">CBSE Class 11 Science Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce-revision-notes">CBSE Class 11 Commerce Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science-revision-notes">CBSE Class 12 Science Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce-revision-notes">CBSE Class 12 Commerce Revision Notes</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>CBSE MCQs</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-mcq">CBSE MCQs for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-mcq">CBSE MCQs for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-mcq">CBSE MCQs for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-mcq">CBSE MCQs for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-mcq">CBSE MCQs for Class 10</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science-mcq">CBSE MCQs for Class 11 Science </a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce-mcq">CBSE MCQs for Class 11 Commerce </a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science-mcq">CBSE MCQs for Class 12 Science </a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce-mcq">CBSE MCQs for Class 12 Commerce </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>CBSE Video Lessons</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-videos">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-videos">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-videos">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-videos">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-videos">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 10</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science-videos">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 11 Science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce-videos">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 11 Commerce</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science-videos">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 12 Science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce-videos">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 12 Commerce</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>CBSE Syllabus</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-syllabus">CBSE Syllabus for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-syllabus">CBSE Syllabus for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-syllabus">CBSE Syllabus for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-syllabus">CBSE Syllabus for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-syllabus">CBSE Syllabus for Class 10</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science-syllabus">CBSE Syllabus for Class 11 Science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce-syllabus">CBSE Syllabus for Class 11 Commerce</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science-syllabus">CBSE Syllabus for Class 12 Science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce-syllabus">CBSE Syllabus for Class 12 Commerce</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>CBSE Fill in the Blanks</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-fib">CBSE Fill in the Blanks for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-fib">CBSE Fill in the Blanks for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-fib">CBSE Fill in the Blanks for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-fib">CBSE Fill in the Blanks for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-fib">CBSE Fill in the Blanks for Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>CBSE Important Questions</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-miq">CBSE Important Questions for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-miq">CBSE Important Questions for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-miq">CBSE Important Questions for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-miq">CBSE Important Questions for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-miq">CBSE Important Questions for Class 10</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science-miq">CBSE Important Questions for Class 11 science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce-miq">CBSE Important Questions for Class 11 commerce</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science-miq">CBSE Important Questions for Class 12 science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce-miq">CBSE Important Questions for Class 12 commerce</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>CBSE Subjective Questions</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-saq">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-saq">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-saq">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-saq">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-saq">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 10</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science-saq">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 11 science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce-saq">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 11 commerce</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science-saq">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 12 science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce-saq">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 12 commerce</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>CBSE Practice Test</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-practice-test">CBSE Practice Test for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-practice-test">CBSE Practice Test for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-practice-test">CBSE Practice Test for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-practice-test">CBSE Practice Test for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-practice-test">CBSE Practice Test for Class 10</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science-practice-test">CBSE Practice Test for Class 11 science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce-practice-test">CBSE Practice Test for Class 11 commerce</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science-practice-test">CBSE Practice Test for Class 12 science</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce-practice-test">CBSE Practice Test for Class 12 commerce</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse">ICSE</a> <ul class="innermenu top-space"> <li > <span>ICSE Sample Papers</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-6-sample-papers">ICSE Sample Papers for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-7-sample-papers">ICSE Sample Papers for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-8-sample-papers">ICSE Sample Papers for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-9-sample-papers">ICSE Sample Papers for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-10-sample-papers">ICSE Sample Papers for Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>ICSE Video Lessons</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-6-videos">ICSE Video Lessons for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-7-videos">ICSE Video Lessons for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-8-videos">ICSE Video Lessons for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-9-videos">ICSE Video Lessons for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-10-videos">ICSE Video Lessons for Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>ICSE Revision Notes</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-6-revision-notes">ICSE Class 6 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-7-revision-notes">ICSE Class 7 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-8-revision-notes">ICSE Class 8 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-9-revision-notes">ICSE Class 9 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-10-revision-notes">ICSE Class 10 Revision Notes</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>ICSE Syllabus</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-6-syllabus">ICSE Syllabus for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-7-syllabus">ICSE Syllabus for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-8-syllabus">ICSE Syllabus for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-9-syllabus">ICSE Syllabus for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-10-syllabus">ICSE Syllabus for Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>ICSE Important Questions</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-6-miq">ICSE Important Questions for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-7-miq">ICSE Important Questions for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-8-miq">ICSE Important Questions for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-9-miq">ICSE Important Questions for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-10-miq">ICSE Important Questions for Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>ICSE MCQs</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-6-mcq">ICSE MCQs for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-7-mcq">ICSE MCQs for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-8-mcq">ICSE MCQs for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-9-mcq">ICSE MCQs for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-10-mcq">ICSE MCQs for Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>ICSE True or False</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-6-tnf">ICSE True or False for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-7-tnf">ICSE True or False for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-8-tnf">ICSE True or False for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-9-tnf">ICSE True or False for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-10-tnf">ICSE True or False for Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>ICSE Subjective Questions</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-6-saq">ICSE Subjective Questions for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-7-saq">ICSE Subjective Questions for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-8-saq">ICSE Subjective Questions for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-9-saq">ICSE Subjective Questions for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-10-saq">ICSE Subjective Questions for Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>ICSE Practice Test</span> <ul class="top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-6-practice-test">ICSE Practice Test for Class 6</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-7-practice-test">ICSE Practice Test for Class 7</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-8-practice-test">ICSE Practice Test for Class 8</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-9-practice-test">ICSE Practice Test for Class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-10-practice-test">ICSE Practice Test for Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee">JEE Main</a> <ul class="innermenu top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee/diagnostic-test">JEE Main Diagnostic Test</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee/mock-test">JEE Main Mock Test</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee/videos">JEE Main Video Lessons</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee/main-previous-year-papers">JEE Main Previous Year Question Papers</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee/webinar">JEE Main Webinar</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee/main-syllabus">JEE Main Syllabus</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee/advanced-syllabus">JEE Advanced Syllabus</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/neet">NEET</a> <ul class="innermenu top-space"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/neet/diagnostic-test">NEET Diagnostic Test</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/neet/mock-test">NEET Mock Test</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/neet/videos">NEET Video Lessons</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/neet/previous-year-papers">NEET Previous Year Question Papers</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/neet/syllabus">NEET Syllabus</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <span>Foundation</span> <ul class="innermenu "> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/foundation-class-9">class 9</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/foundation-class-10">class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <button>Entrance Exams</button> <ul class="submenu"> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee">JEE Main</a> <ul class="innermenu "> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee/chemistry">Chemistry</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee/maths">Maths</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee/physics">Physics</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/neet">NEET</a> <ul class="innermenu "> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/neet/biology">Biology</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/neet/chemistry">Chemistry</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/neet/physics">Physics</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li > <button>Explore</button> <ul class="submenu"> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/about-us">About Us</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/doubts-solutions/all-questions/">Ask a Doubt</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/testimonials">Testimonials</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/topper-faculty">Our Faculties</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/careers">Careers</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/blog">Blog</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/contact-us">Contact Us</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="no-arrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/partner-program">Become a Partner</a> </li> <li class="no-arrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/store">Pricing</a> </li> </ul> </nav> <nav id="menu-mobile" class="header-menu"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/" class="homelink" title="Home"><svg height="24px" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24px" fill="#fff"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z" fill="none"/><path d="M12 5.69l5 4.5V18h-2v-6H9v6H7v-7.81l5-4.5M12 3L2 12h3v8h6v-6h2v6h6v-8h3L12 3z"/></svg></a> <ul class="flex-space"> <li> <button data-target="cbseModal" onclick = "popOpen('cbseModal')" data-toggle="popup-overlay">CBSE</button> </li> <li> <button data-target="icseModal" onclick = "popOpen('icseModal')" data-toggle="popup-overlay">ICSE</button> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee">JEE Main</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/neet">NEET</a> </li> <li class="noArrow"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/store">PRICING</a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="req-call-wrap"> <div id="req-label" class="req-label" onclick="reqCall();"><span class="req-text">Request a call back</span> <em><svg height="22px" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="22px" fill="#FFFFFF"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0V0z" fill="none"/><path d="M7.41 8.59L12 13.17l4.59-4.58L18 10l-6 6-6-6 1.41-1.41z"/></svg></em></div> <div id="req-content" class="req-content"> <p>Join NOW to get access to exclusive study material for best results</p> <form onsubmit="requestCallBack(this);return false;"> <input type="text" class="inputsmbx" placeholder="+91" disabled> <input type="text" name="phone_number" placeholder="Mobile number" class="inputbx" maxlength="10" required> <input type="hidden" name="url" value="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10"> <button class="org-btn">CALL ME NOW</button> </form> </div> </div> </header> <div id="mbnav" class="nav-box"> <div class="user-info"> <div class="flex-start"> <div class="user-img-wrap"><img src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/blank-img.jpg" alt="User" title="User" width="26" height="27" loading="lazy"></div> <div id="bl-user-details" class="user-details"> <div class="user-name">Guest User</div> </div> <div id="al-user-details" class="user-details" style="display: none"> <div class="user-name" id="usernameMobile"></div> <div class="board-name" id="userBoardClassMobile"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="bl-login-wrap" class="login-wrap"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/sign-in" class="org-btn login-btn">LOG IN</a> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/sign-up" class="blue-btn signup-btn">SIGN UP</a> </div> <div id="al-login-wrap" class="login-wrap" style="display: none"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/my-profile" class="org-btn login-btn">VIEW PROFILE</a> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/dashboard" class="org-btn login-btn">DASHBOARD</a> <button class="blue-btn login-btn" onclick="logout()">LOGOUT</button> </div> <nav class="mobile-nav"> <ul> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="itemboards" name="itemboards" hidden=""> <label for="itemboards" class="menu-label">Boards</label> <ul class="flevel-menu"> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="flevel-item-boards-cbse" name="flevel-item--boards-cbse" hidden=""> <label for="flevel-item-boards-cbse" class="menu-label">CBSE</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-1" class="noarrow">Class 1</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-2" class="noarrow">Class 2</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-3" class="noarrow">Class 3</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-4" class="noarrow">Class 4</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-5" class="noarrow">Class 5</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6" class="noarrow">Class 6</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7" class="noarrow">Class 7</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8" class="noarrow">Class 8</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9" class="noarrow">Class 9</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10" class="noarrow">Class 10</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science" class="noarrow">Class 11 Science</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce" class="noarrow">Class 11 Commerce</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science" class="noarrow">Class 12 Science</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce" class="noarrow">Class 12 Commerce</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="flevel-item-boards-icse" name="flevel-item--boards-icse" hidden=""> <label for="flevel-item-boards-icse" class="menu-label">ICSE</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-1" class="noarrow">Class 1</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-2" class="noarrow">Class 2</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-3" class="noarrow">Class 3</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-4" class="noarrow">Class 4</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-5" class="noarrow">Class 5</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-6" class="noarrow">Class 6</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-7" class="noarrow">Class 7</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-8" class="noarrow">Class 8</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-9" class="noarrow">Class 9</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-10" class="noarrow">Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="flevel-item-boards-0" name="flevel-item--boards-0" hidden=""> <label for="flevel-item-boards-0" class="menu-label">Maharashtra</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-1" class="noarrow">Class 1</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-2" class="noarrow">Class 2</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-3" class="noarrow">Class 3</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-4" class="noarrow">Class 4</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-5" class="noarrow">Class 5</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/maharashtra-class-6" class="noarrow">Class 6</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/maharashtra-class-7" class="noarrow">Class 7</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/maharashtra-class-8" class="noarrow">Class 8</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/maharashtra-class-9" class="noarrow">Class 9</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/maharashtra-class-10" class="noarrow">Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="item0" name="item0" hidden=""> <label for="item0" class="menu-label">NCERT Solutions</label> <ul class="flevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-12-science" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Science</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-12-commerce" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Commerce</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-11-science" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Science</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-11-commerce" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Commerce</a> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="flevel-item-0-4" name="flevel-item--0-4" hidden=""> <label for="flevel-item-0-4" class="menu-label">NCERT Solutions for Class 10</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths</a> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="slevel-item-0-4-1" name="slevel-item0-4-1" hidden=""> <label for="slevel-item-0-4-1" class="menu-label">NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-biology" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Biology</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-physics" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Physics</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-chemistry" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Chemistry</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-english" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-hindi" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Hindi</a> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="slevel-item-0-4-4" name="slevel-item0-4-4" hidden=""> <label for="slevel-item-0-4-4" class="menu-label">NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-history" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 10 History</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-civics" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Civics</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-geography" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Geography</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="flevel-item-0-5" name="flevel-item--0-5" hidden=""> <label for="flevel-item-0-5" class="menu-label">NCERT Solutions for Class 9</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-maths" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Maths</a> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="slevel-item-0-5-1" name="slevel-item0-5-1" hidden=""> <label for="slevel-item-0-5-1" class="menu-label">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-biology" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Biology</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-physics" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Physics</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-chemistry" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Chemistry</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-english" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 English</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-hindi" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Hindi</a> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="slevel-item-0-5-4" name="slevel-item0-5-4" hidden=""> <label for="slevel-item-0-5-4" class="menu-label">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-history" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 History</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-civics" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Civics</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-9-geography" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Geography</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="flevel-item-0-6" name="flevel-item--0-6" hidden=""> <label for="flevel-item-0-6" class="menu-label">NCERT Solutions for Class 8</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-maths" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Maths</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-science" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-english" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 8 English</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-hindi" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Hindi</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-history" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 8 History</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-civics" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Civics</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-8-geography" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="flevel-item-0-7" name="flevel-item--0-7" hidden=""> <label for="flevel-item-0-7" class="menu-label">NCERT Solutions for Class 7</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-7-maths" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-7-science" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-7-english" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 7 English</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-7-hindi" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Hindi</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-7-history" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 7 History</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-7-civics" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Civics</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-7-geography" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Geography</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="flevel-item-0-8" name="flevel-item--0-8" hidden=""> <label for="flevel-item-0-8" class="menu-label">NCERT Solutions for Class 6</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-6-maths" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Maths</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-6-science" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Science</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-6-english" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 6 English</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-6-hindi" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Hindi</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-6-history" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 6 History</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-6-civics" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Civics</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-6-geography" class="noarrow">NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Geography</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="item1" name="item1" hidden=""> <label for="item1" class="menu-label">Selina Solutions</label> <ul class="flevel-menu"> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="flevel-item-1-0" name="flevel-item--1-0" hidden=""> <label for="flevel-item-1-0" class="menu-label">Selina Solutions for Class 10</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-10-maths" class="noarrow">Selina Solutions for Class 10 Maths</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-10-physics" class="noarrow">Selina Solutions for Class 10 Physics</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-10-chemistry" class="noarrow">Selina Solutions for Class 10 Chemistry</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-10-biology" class="noarrow">Selina Solutions for Class 10 Biology</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="flevel-item-1-1" name="flevel-item--1-1" hidden=""> <label for="flevel-item-1-1" class="menu-label">Selina Solutions for Class 9</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-9-maths" class="noarrow">Selina Solutions for Class 9 Maths</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-9-physics" class="noarrow">Selina Solutions for Class 9 Physics</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-9-chemistry" class="noarrow">Selina Solutions for Class 9 Chemistry</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-9-biology" class="noarrow">Selina Solutions for Class 9 Biology</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="flevel-item-1-2" name="flevel-item--1-2" hidden=""> <label for="flevel-item-1-2" class="menu-label">Selina Solutions for Class 8</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-8-maths" class="noarrow">Selina Solutions for Class 8 Maths</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-8-physics" class="noarrow">Selina Solutions for Class 8 Physics</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-8-chemistry" class="noarrow">Selina Solutions for Class 8 Chemistry</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions/icse-class-8-biology" class="noarrow">Selina Solutions for Class 8 Biology</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="item2" name="item2" hidden=""> <label for="item2" class="menu-label">Other Solutions</label> <ul class="flevel-menu"> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="flevel-item-2-0" name="flevel-item--2-0" hidden=""> <label for="flevel-item-2-0" class="menu-label">RD Sharma Solutions</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/rd-sharma-solutions/cbse-class-12-science" class="noarrow">RD Sharma Class 12 Solutions</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/rd-sharma-solutions/cbse-class-11-science" class="noarrow">RD Sharma Class 11 Solutions</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/rd-sharma-solutions/cbse-class-10" class="noarrow">RD Sharma Class 10 Solutions</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/rd-sharma-solutions/cbse-class-9" class="noarrow">RD Sharma Class 9 Solutions</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="flevel-item-2-1" name="flevel-item--2-1" hidden=""> <label for="flevel-item-2-1" class="menu-label">R S Aggarwal And V Aggarwal Solutions</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/r-s-aggarwal-and-v-aggarwal-solutions/cbse-class-10" class="noarrow">R S Aggarwal And V Aggarwal Class 10 Solutions</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/r-s-aggarwal-and-v-aggarwal-solutions/cbse-class-9" class="noarrow">R S Aggarwal And V Aggarwal Class 9 Solutions</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="flevel-item-2-2" name="flevel-item--2-2" hidden=""> <label for="flevel-item-2-2" class="menu-label">Lakhmir Singh And Manjit Kaur Solutions</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/lakhmir-singh-and-manjit-kaur-solutions/cbse-class-10" class="noarrow">Lakhmir Singh And Manjit Kaur Class 10 Solutions</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/lakhmir-singh-and-manjit-kaur-solutions/cbse-class-9" class="noarrow">Lakhmir Singh And Manjit Kaur Class 9 Solutions</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="flevel-item-2-3" name="flevel-item--2-3" hidden=""> <label for="flevel-item-2-3" class="menu-label">P S Verma and V K Agarwal Solutions</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/p-s-verma-and-v-k-agarwal-solutions/cbse-class-9" class="noarrow">P S Verma and V K Agarwal Class 9 Solutions</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="flevel-item-2-4" name="flevel-item--2-4" hidden=""> <label for="flevel-item-2-4" class="menu-label">Frank Solutions</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/frank-solutions/icse-class-10" class="noarrow">Frank Solutions for Class 10</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/frank-solutions/icse-class-9" class="noarrow">Frank Solutions for Class 9</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="flevel-item-2-5" name="flevel-item--2-5" hidden=""> <label for="flevel-item-2-5" class="menu-label">T S Grewal Solutions</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/t-s-grewal-solutions/cbse-class-12-commerce" class="noarrow">T S Grewal Solutions for class 12 commerce</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/t-s-grewal-solutions/cbse-class-11-commerce" class="noarrow">T S Grewal Solutions for class 11 commerce</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="item3" name="item3" hidden=""> <label for="item3" class="menu-label">Study Materials</label> <ul class="flevel-menu"> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="flevel-item-3-0" name="flevel-item--3-0" hidden=""> <label for="flevel-item-3-0" class="menu-label">CBSE</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="slevel-item-3-0-0" name="slevel-item3-0-0" hidden=""> <label for="slevel-item-3-0-0" class="menu-label">CBSE Sample Papers</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-sample-papers" class="noarrow">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 6</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-sample-papers" class="noarrow">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 7</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-sample-papers" class="noarrow">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 8</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-sample-papers" class="noarrow">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 9</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers" class="noarrow">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science-sample-papers" class="noarrow">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 11 Science</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce-sample-papers" class="noarrow">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 11 Commerce</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science-sample-papers" class="noarrow">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Science</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce-sample-papers" class="noarrow">CBSE Sample Papers for Class 12 Commerce</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="slevel-item-3-0-1" name="slevel-item3-0-1" hidden=""> <label for="slevel-item-3-0-1" class="menu-label">CBSE Revision Notes</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-revision-notes" class="noarrow">CBSE Class 6 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-revision-notes" class="noarrow">CBSE Class 7 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-revision-notes" class="noarrow">CBSE Class 8 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-revision-notes" class="noarrow">CBSE Class 9 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-revision-notes" class="noarrow">CBSE Class 10 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science-revision-notes" class="noarrow">CBSE Class 11 Science Revision Notes</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce-revision-notes" class="noarrow">CBSE Class 11 Commerce Revision Notes</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science-revision-notes" class="noarrow">CBSE Class 12 Science Revision Notes</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce-revision-notes" class="noarrow">CBSE Class 12 Commerce Revision Notes</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="slevel-item-3-0-2" name="slevel-item3-0-2" hidden=""> <label for="slevel-item-3-0-2" class="menu-label">CBSE MCQs</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-mcq" class="noarrow">CBSE MCQs for Class 6</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-mcq" class="noarrow">CBSE MCQs for Class 7</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-mcq" class="noarrow">CBSE MCQs for Class 8</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-mcq" class="noarrow">CBSE MCQs for Class 9</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-mcq" class="noarrow">CBSE MCQs for Class 10</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science-mcq" class="noarrow">CBSE MCQs for Class 11 Science </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce-mcq" class="noarrow">CBSE MCQs for Class 11 Commerce </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science-mcq" class="noarrow">CBSE MCQs for Class 12 Science </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce-mcq" class="noarrow">CBSE MCQs for Class 12 Commerce </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="slevel-item-3-0-3" name="slevel-item3-0-3" hidden=""> <label for="slevel-item-3-0-3" class="menu-label">CBSE Video Lessons</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-videos" class="noarrow">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 6</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-videos" class="noarrow">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 7</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-videos" class="noarrow">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 8</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-videos" class="noarrow">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 9</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-videos" class="noarrow">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 10</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science-videos" class="noarrow">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 11 Science</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce-videos" class="noarrow">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 11 Commerce</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science-videos" class="noarrow">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 12 Science</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce-videos" class="noarrow">CBSE Video Lessons for Class 12 Commerce</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="slevel-item-3-0-4" name="slevel-item3-0-4" hidden=""> <label for="slevel-item-3-0-4" class="menu-label">CBSE Syllabus</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-syllabus" class="noarrow">CBSE Syllabus for Class 6</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-syllabus" class="noarrow">CBSE Syllabus for Class 7</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-syllabus" class="noarrow">CBSE Syllabus for Class 8</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-syllabus" class="noarrow">CBSE Syllabus for Class 9</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-syllabus" class="noarrow">CBSE Syllabus for Class 10</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science-syllabus" class="noarrow">CBSE Syllabus for Class 11 Science</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce-syllabus" class="noarrow">CBSE Syllabus for Class 11 Commerce</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science-syllabus" class="noarrow">CBSE Syllabus for Class 12 Science</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce-syllabus" class="noarrow">CBSE Syllabus for Class 12 Commerce</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="slevel-item-3-0-5" name="slevel-item3-0-5" hidden=""> <label for="slevel-item-3-0-5" class="menu-label">CBSE Fill in the Blanks</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-fib" class="noarrow">CBSE Fill in the Blanks for Class 6</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-fib" class="noarrow">CBSE Fill in the Blanks for Class 7</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-fib" class="noarrow">CBSE Fill in the Blanks for Class 8</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-fib" class="noarrow">CBSE Fill in the Blanks for Class 9</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-fib" class="noarrow">CBSE Fill in the Blanks for Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="slevel-item-3-0-6" name="slevel-item3-0-6" hidden=""> <label for="slevel-item-3-0-6" class="menu-label">CBSE Important Questions</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-miq" class="noarrow">CBSE Important Questions for Class 6</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-miq" class="noarrow">CBSE Important Questions for Class 7</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-miq" class="noarrow">CBSE Important Questions for Class 8</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-miq" class="noarrow">CBSE Important Questions for Class 9</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-miq" class="noarrow">CBSE Important Questions for Class 10</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science-miq" class="noarrow">CBSE Important Questions for Class 11 science</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce-miq" class="noarrow">CBSE Important Questions for Class 11 commerce</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science-miq" class="noarrow">CBSE Important Questions for Class 12 science</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce-miq" class="noarrow">CBSE Important Questions for Class 12 commerce</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="slevel-item-3-0-7" name="slevel-item3-0-7" hidden=""> <label for="slevel-item-3-0-7" class="menu-label">CBSE Subjective Questions</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-saq" class="noarrow">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 6</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-saq" class="noarrow">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 7</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-saq" class="noarrow">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 8</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-saq" class="noarrow">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 9</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-saq" class="noarrow">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 10</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science-saq" class="noarrow">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 11 science</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce-saq" class="noarrow">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 11 commerce</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science-saq" class="noarrow">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 12 science</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce-saq" class="noarrow">CBSE Subjective Questions for Class 12 commerce</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="slevel-item-3-0-8" name="slevel-item3-0-8" hidden=""> <label for="slevel-item-3-0-8" class="menu-label">CBSE Practice Test</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6-practice-test" class="noarrow">CBSE Practice Test for Class 6</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7-practice-test" class="noarrow">CBSE Practice Test for Class 7</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8-practice-test" class="noarrow">CBSE Practice Test for Class 8</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9-practice-test" class="noarrow">CBSE Practice Test for Class 9</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-practice-test" class="noarrow">CBSE Practice Test for Class 10</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science-practice-test" class="noarrow">CBSE Practice Test for Class 11 science</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce-practice-test" class="noarrow">CBSE Practice Test for Class 11 commerce</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science-practice-test" class="noarrow">CBSE Practice Test for Class 12 science</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce-practice-test" class="noarrow">CBSE Practice Test for Class 12 commerce</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="flevel-item-3-1" name="flevel-item--3-1" hidden=""> <label for="flevel-item-3-1" class="menu-label">ICSE</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="slevel-item-3-1-0" name="slevel-item3-1-0" hidden=""> <label for="slevel-item-3-1-0" class="menu-label">ICSE Sample Papers</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-6-sample-papers" class="noarrow">ICSE Sample Papers for Class 6</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-7-sample-papers" class="noarrow">ICSE Sample Papers for Class 7</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-8-sample-papers" class="noarrow">ICSE Sample Papers for Class 8</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-9-sample-papers" class="noarrow">ICSE Sample Papers for Class 9</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-10-sample-papers" class="noarrow">ICSE Sample Papers for Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="slevel-item-3-1-1" name="slevel-item3-1-1" hidden=""> <label for="slevel-item-3-1-1" class="menu-label">ICSE Video Lessons</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-6-videos" class="noarrow">ICSE Video Lessons for Class 6</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-7-videos" class="noarrow">ICSE Video Lessons for Class 7</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-8-videos" class="noarrow">ICSE Video Lessons for Class 8</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-9-videos" class="noarrow">ICSE Video Lessons for Class 9</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-10-videos" class="noarrow">ICSE Video Lessons for Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="slevel-item-3-1-2" name="slevel-item3-1-2" hidden=""> <label for="slevel-item-3-1-2" class="menu-label">ICSE Revision Notes</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-6-revision-notes" class="noarrow">ICSE Class 6 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-7-revision-notes" class="noarrow">ICSE Class 7 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-8-revision-notes" class="noarrow">ICSE Class 8 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-9-revision-notes" class="noarrow">ICSE Class 9 Revision Notes</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-10-revision-notes" class="noarrow">ICSE Class 10 Revision Notes</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="slevel-item-3-1-3" name="slevel-item3-1-3" hidden=""> <label for="slevel-item-3-1-3" class="menu-label">ICSE Syllabus</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-6-syllabus" class="noarrow">ICSE Syllabus for Class 6</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-7-syllabus" class="noarrow">ICSE Syllabus for Class 7</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-8-syllabus" class="noarrow">ICSE Syllabus for Class 8</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-9-syllabus" class="noarrow">ICSE Syllabus for Class 9</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-10-syllabus" class="noarrow">ICSE Syllabus for Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="slevel-item-3-1-4" name="slevel-item3-1-4" hidden=""> <label for="slevel-item-3-1-4" class="menu-label">ICSE Important Questions</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-6-miq" class="noarrow">ICSE Important Questions for Class 6</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-7-miq" class="noarrow">ICSE Important Questions for Class 7</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-8-miq" class="noarrow">ICSE Important Questions for Class 8</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-9-miq" class="noarrow">ICSE Important Questions for Class 9</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-10-miq" class="noarrow">ICSE Important Questions for Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="slevel-item-3-1-5" name="slevel-item3-1-5" hidden=""> <label for="slevel-item-3-1-5" class="menu-label">ICSE MCQs</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-6-mcq" class="noarrow">ICSE MCQs for Class 6</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-7-mcq" class="noarrow">ICSE MCQs for Class 7</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-8-mcq" class="noarrow">ICSE MCQs for Class 8</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-9-mcq" class="noarrow">ICSE MCQs for Class 9</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-10-mcq" class="noarrow">ICSE MCQs for Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="slevel-item-3-1-6" name="slevel-item3-1-6" hidden=""> <label for="slevel-item-3-1-6" class="menu-label">ICSE True or False</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-6-tnf" class="noarrow">ICSE True or False for Class 6</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-7-tnf" class="noarrow">ICSE True or False for Class 7</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-8-tnf" class="noarrow">ICSE True or False for Class 8</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-9-tnf" class="noarrow">ICSE True or False for Class 9</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-10-tnf" class="noarrow">ICSE True or False for Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="slevel-item-3-1-7" name="slevel-item3-1-7" hidden=""> <label for="slevel-item-3-1-7" class="menu-label">ICSE Subjective Questions</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-6-saq" class="noarrow">ICSE Subjective Questions for Class 6</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-7-saq" class="noarrow">ICSE Subjective Questions for Class 7</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-8-saq" class="noarrow">ICSE Subjective Questions for Class 8</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-9-saq" class="noarrow">ICSE Subjective Questions for Class 9</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-10-saq" class="noarrow">ICSE Subjective Questions for Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="slevel-item-3-1-8" name="slevel-item3-1-8" hidden=""> <label for="slevel-item-3-1-8" class="menu-label">ICSE Practice Test</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-6-practice-test" class="noarrow">ICSE Practice Test for Class 6</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-7-practice-test" class="noarrow">ICSE Practice Test for Class 7</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-8-practice-test" class="noarrow">ICSE Practice Test for Class 8</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-9-practice-test" class="noarrow">ICSE Practice Test for Class 9</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-10-practice-test" class="noarrow">ICSE Practice Test for Class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="flevel-item-3-2" name="flevel-item--3-2" hidden=""> <label for="flevel-item-3-2" class="menu-label">JEE Main</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee/diagnostic-test" class="noarrow">JEE Main Diagnostic Test</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee/mock-test" class="noarrow">JEE Main Mock Test</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee/videos" class="noarrow">JEE Main Video Lessons</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee/main-previous-year-papers" class="noarrow">JEE Main Previous Year Question Papers</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee/webinar" class="noarrow">JEE Main Webinar</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee/main-syllabus" class="noarrow">JEE Main Syllabus</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee/advanced-syllabus" class="noarrow">JEE Advanced Syllabus</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="flevel-item-3-3" name="flevel-item--3-3" hidden=""> <label for="flevel-item-3-3" class="menu-label">NEET</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/neet/diagnostic-test" class="noarrow">NEET Diagnostic Test</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/neet/mock-test" class="noarrow">NEET Mock Test</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/neet/videos" class="noarrow">NEET Video Lessons</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/neet/previous-year-papers" class="noarrow">NEET Previous Year Question Papers</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/neet/syllabus" class="noarrow">NEET Syllabus</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="flevel-item-3-4" name="flevel-item--3-4" hidden=""> <label for="flevel-item-3-4" class="menu-label">Foundation</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/foundation-class-9" class="noarrow">class 9</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/foundation-class-10" class="noarrow">class 10</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="item4" name="item4" hidden=""> <label for="item4" class="menu-label">Entrance Exams</label> <ul class="flevel-menu"> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="flevel-item-4-0" name="flevel-item--4-0" hidden=""> <label for="flevel-item-4-0" class="menu-label">JEE Main</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee/chemistry" class="noarrow">Chemistry</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee/maths" class="noarrow">Maths</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee/physics" class="noarrow">Physics</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="flevel-item-4-1" name="flevel-item--4-1" hidden=""> <label for="flevel-item-4-1" class="menu-label">NEET</label> <ul class="seclevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/neet/biology" class="noarrow">Biology</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/neet/chemistry" class="noarrow">Chemistry</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/neet/physics" class="noarrow">Physics</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul> <li> <input type="checkbox" id="item5" name="item5" hidden=""> <label for="item5" class="menu-label">Explore</label> <ul class="flevel-menu"> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/about-us" class="noarrow">About Us</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/doubts-solutions/all-questions/" class="noarrow">Ask a Doubt</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/testimonials" class="noarrow">Testimonials</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/topper-faculty" class="noarrow">Our Faculties</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/careers" class="noarrow">Careers</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/blog" class="noarrow">Blog</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/contact-us" class="noarrow">Contact Us</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/partner-program" class="noarrow">Become a Partner</a> </li> </ul> <ul> <li> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/store" class="noarrow">Pricing</a> </li> </ul> </nav> <div class="view-package"> <button class="blue-btn">View Packages</button> </div> </div> <!-- Time spent on a page --> <input type="hidden" name="onPageTimer" value=""> <!-- end --> <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context":"https://schema.org", "@type":"ItemList", "itemListElement": [ {"@type":"ListItem", "position": 1, "url":"https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-science", "name":"CBSE 10 Science"}, {"@type":"ListItem", "position": 2, "url":"https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-maths", "name":"CBSE 10 Maths"}, {"@type":"ListItem", "position": 3, "url":"https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-hindi", "name":"CBSE 10 Hindi"}, {"@type":"ListItem", "position": 4, "url":"https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-social-studies", "name":"CBSE 10 Social Studies"}, {"@type":"ListItem", "position": 5, "url":"https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-english", "name":"CBSE 10 English"} ] } </script> <div id="main-wrapper"> <script> if(showAds){ googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.defineSlot('/1039154/TOPLRN_ENG_DESKTOP/TOPLRN_ENG_BOARD/TOPLRN_ENG_BOARD_AS/TOPLRN_ENG_ROS_BRD_AS_ATF_728', [[728,90],[970,90]], 'top-ad-banner') .addService(googletag.pubads()); }); } </script> <div class="max-container ad-banner" style="height: 90px"> <div id="top-ad-banner"> <script> if(showAds){ googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('top-ad-banner'); }); } </script> </div> </div> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.pubads().setTargeting('section_name', "Boards"); }); </script> <div class="max-container breadcrumbs-wrap"> <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "https://schema.org/", "@type": "BreadcrumbList", "itemListElement": [ { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 1, "name": "Home", "item": "https://www.topperlearning.com/" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 2, "name": "CBSE", "item": "https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 3, "name": "CBSE Class 10", "item": "https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10" } ] } </script> <div class="breadcrumbs"> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/">Home</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse">CBSE</a></li> <li><span>Class 10</span></li> </ul> </div> <form onsubmit="favouritePage(this);return false;"> <input type="hidden" name="page_url" value="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10"> <input type="hidden" name="page_title" value="CBSE Class 10 - Get CBSE Class 10 Syllabus, Solutions & Sample Papers Online - TopperLearning"> <button type="submit" id="js-bookmark"> <svg enable-background="new 0 0 24 24" height="16px" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="16px" fill="#fff"> <g><path d="M0,0h24v24H0V0z" fill="none"/><path d="M0,0h24v24H0V0z" fill="none"/></g> <g><path d="M12,17.27L18.18,21l-1.64-7.03L22,9.24l-7.19-0.61L12,2L9.19,8.63L2,9.24l5.46,4.73L5.82,21L12,17.27z"/></g> </svg><span id="bk-text">Save</span> </button> </form> <!-- Login Popup --> <div class="popup-overlay" id="loginModalforFavouritePage"> <div class="modal-class"> <div class="close" onclick="popclose('loginModalforFavouritePage');"> <svg height="24" width="24" fill="#707070"><path d="M6.4 19 5 17.6 10.6 12 5 6.4 6.4 5 12 10.6 17.6 5 19 6.4 13.4 12 19 17.6 17.6 19 12 13.4Z"></path></svg> </div> <div class="modal-content"> <!-- <input type="text" placeholder="Search your Class" class="menu-input"> --> <div class="modal-title-main-div"> <h2 class="modal-title-main txtcenter"> Please Login or Sign up to continue! </h2> </div> <!-- <p class="txtcenter">Please Login or Sign up to continue!</p> --> <div class="btn-wrap"> <button class="org-btn" onclick="location.href ='https://www.topperlearning.com/sign-in'">LOGIN</button> <button class="blue-btn" onclick="location.href='https://www.topperlearning.com/sign-up'">SIGN UP</button> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- Login Popup --> </div> <section class="abt--tl-sec"> <div class="max-container"> <h1 class="page-title">CBSE Class 10</h1> <div class="abt-desc wdauto"> <div class="rm-wrap" id="readMore1"> <div><p style="text-align: justify;">CBSE Class 10 is the most important stage in a student’s life. We can help you with the right resources for learning the chapters covered in your <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-syllabus" target="_blank">CBSE Class 10 syllabus</a>. We, at TopperLearning, have just the right board exam strategy that you have been looking for. Its read, revise, practise and assess.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">TopperLearning’s CBSE Class 10 study materials include CBSE Class 10 <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-videos">video lessons</a>, CBSE Class 10 - All Subject notes, CBSE Class 10 Mathematics <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers/mathematics/700002164">Sample Papers</a> 2020-21, <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-previous-year-papers" target="_blank">CBSE Class 10 previous years’ question papers</a> and more. To conquer the chapters, you need to create a plan by first going through the latest syllabus of CBSE Class 10.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Prepare your study timetable for each subject. Allot time for reading our study materials such as CBSE Class 10 chapter notes and <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-mathematics/mathematics-x/triangles">NCERT solutions for CBSE Class 10.</a> These notes will quickly take you through the key points of each chapter in the CBSE Class 10 syllabus. The next step is to revise the chapters as much as possible. Also, avoid relying on mugging up the answers.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">To score better marks, practise the CBSE Online Class 10 paper model answers for all the numerical questions, application-based questions etc. in our study materials. Don’t forget to practise drawing diagrams for your Class 10 subjects. If you remember to label your diagrams correctly, you can easily score marks through diagram questions. Finally, test your knowledge of CBSE Class 10 topics by using our online self-assessment resources.</p></div> </div> <!-- <div id="abt-rm-wrap" class="rm-wrap" style="display: none;"> <p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Expedita cupiditate quibusdam quos, fugit illum pariatur veniam? Dolores rerum, aut nemo commodi eveniet quam ratione explicabo! Reiciendis quod nulla similique dolorum.</p> </div> --> <button onclick="readMore(this, 'readMore1')" class="rm-btn"> Read more + </button> </div> </div> </section> <section class="subject-section bg-gray pad30"> <div class="max-container"> <!-- <div class="section-subttl">CBSE CLASS 8 MATHS</div> --> <h2 class="section-title"> CBSE Class 10 Select Subject </h2> <div class="subject-wrap"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-science" class="subject-box slant-box bg-slant-box-science" > <span class="icon-wrap"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/science.svg" alt="science" title="science" width="53" height="53" /> </span> <em>Science</em> <i class="right-arrow"></i> </a> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-maths" class="subject-box slant-box bg-slant-box-maths" > <span class="icon-wrap"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/maths.svg" alt="maths" title="maths" width="53" height="53" /> </span> <em>Maths</em> <i class="right-arrow"></i> </a> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-hindi" class="subject-box slant-box bg-slant-box-hindi" > <span class="icon-wrap"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/hindi.svg" alt="hindi" title="hindi" width="53" height="53" /> </span> <em>Hindi</em> <i class="right-arrow"></i> </a> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-social-studies" class="subject-box slant-box bg-slant-box-social-studies" > <span class="icon-wrap"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/social-studies.svg" alt="social-studies" title="social-studies" width="53" height="53" /> </span> <em>Social Studies</em> <i class="right-arrow"></i> </a> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-english" class="subject-box slant-box bg-slant-box-english" > <span class="icon-wrap"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/english.svg" alt="english" title="english" width="53" height="53" /> </span> <em>English</em> <i class="right-arrow"></i> </a> </div> </div> </section> <script> if(showAds){ googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.defineSlot('/1039154/TOPLRN_ENG_DESKTOP/TOPLRN_ENG_BOARD/TOPLRN_ENG_BOARD_AS/TOPLRN_ENG_ROS_BRD_AS_BTF_728', [[970,250],[970,200],[970,90],[728,90]], '6743300b5c8cd') .setCollapseEmptyDiv(true) .addService(googletag.pubads()); }); } </script> <div class="max-container ad-banner" style=""> <div id="6743300b5c8cd"> <script> if(showAds){ googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('6743300b5c8cd'); }); } </script> </div> </div> <section class="bg-gray abt--tl-sec spacer pad30"> <div class="max-container"> <!-- <div class="section-subttl">CBSE CLASS 8 MATHS</div> --> <h2 class="section-title">CBSE Class 10: Textbook Solutions, Videos, Sample Papers & More</h2> <div class="abt-desc wdauto"> <div id="textbook-wrap" class="rm-wrap"> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span>Get access to the whole range of <span style="text-decoration: underline;">CBSE Online Class 10</span> materials for all chapters across Science, Mathematics, Hindi, Social Studies and English. The chapter-wise <span style="text-decoration: underline;">free textbook solutions</span> to video lessons and self-assessment resources can be used from any place and at any time. Browse the subject-specific learning materials such as </span><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-mathematics/mathematics-x/triangles">NCERT solutions for CBSE Class 10 Science </a><span>to plan and prepare for your board examination.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span>At the TopperLearning study portal, get ample learning materials such as <span style="text-decoration: underline;">CBSE Online Class 10</span> videos, </span><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-previous-year-papers/mathematics">previous year question papers</a><span>, </span><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers/hindi">CBSE Class 10 Hindi Sample Papers 2020-21 </a><span>and more. With these resources, prepare thoroughly for all the 15 chapters in Mathematics and 16 chapters in Science. The resources also include 28 Social Studies chapters. To prepare for the CBSE Class 10 language subjects, we have resources for 9 chapters from your Hindi syllabus and 45 chapters from your English syllabus.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-science" target="_blank">Science</a>- <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-science" target="_blank">16 Chapters</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-mathematics" target="_blank">Mathematics</a>- <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-mathematics" target="_blank">15 Chapters</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-hindi" target="_blank">हिन्दी</a>- <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-hindi" target="_blank">9 Chapters</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-social-studies" target="_blank">Social Studies</a>- <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-social-studies" target="_blank">28 Chapters</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>CBSE Study Materials for Class 10</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span>When you have access to study materials of your choice, you can decide how you want to use them. From </span><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-videos">video lessons</a><span> to </span><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-previous-year-papers/mathematics">previous year question papers</a><span>, there is a variety of online study materials at TopperLearning. If you want to understand concepts like magnetic current, acids, etc., you can watch the related concept videos or check out our <span style="text-decoration: underline;">NCERT solutions for CBSE Class 10 Science</span>. For mock exams, attempt the sample question papers such as </span><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers/science">CBSE Class 10 Science Sample Papers 2020-21</a><span>. For assessment, the answers keys are available for sample question papers. </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Later, if you choose the Science stream, you may also aspire for top scores in JEE or NEET. Your syllabus from Class 8 to Class 12 covers the basics of Maths and Science which will be advantageous while preparing for competitive exams like JEE and NEET. So, the study and revision of Maths and Science you do in <span style="text-decoration: underline;">CBSE Class 10</span> will be beneficial when you have to study these subjects in the higher classes.</p> </div> <!-- <div id="textbook-wrap" class="rm-wrap" style="display: none;"> <p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Expedita cupiditate quibusdam quos, fugit illum pariatur veniam? Dolores rerum, aut nemo commodi eveniet quam ratione explicabo! Reiciendis quod nulla similique dolorum.</p> </div> --> <button onclick="readMore(this, 'textbook-wrap')" class="rm-btn"> Read more + </button> </div> <div class="box-wrap"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers" class="sub-box"> <span class="sub-icon"> <!-- <span class="ribbon"> <img src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/important.svg" alt="Important" title="Important" width="37" height="17"> </span> --> <img loading="lazy" src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/sample-papers.svg" alt="CBSE Class 10 Sample Papers" title="CBSE Class 10 Sample Papers" width="34" height="39" /> </span> <em>CBSE Class 10 Sample Papers</em> </a> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-previous-year-papers" class="sub-box"> <span class="sub-icon"> <!-- <span class="ribbon"> <img src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/important.svg" alt="Important" title="Important" width="37" height="17"> </span> --> <img loading="lazy" src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/pyqp.svg" alt="CBSE Class 10 Previous Year Question Papers" title="CBSE Class 10 Previous Year Question Papers" width="34" height="39" /> </span> <em>CBSE Class 10 Previous Year Question Papers</em> </a> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/textbook-solutions-cbse-class-10" class="sub-box"> <span class="sub-icon"> <!-- <span class="ribbon"> <img src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/important.svg" alt="Important" title="Important" width="37" height="17"> </span> --> <img loading="lazy" src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/textbook-solutions.svg" alt="CBSE Class 10 Text Book Solutions" title="CBSE Class 10 Text Book Solutions" width="34" height="39" /> </span> <em>CBSE Class 10 Text Book Solutions</em> </a> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-revision-notes" class="sub-box"> <span class="sub-icon"> <!-- <span class="ribbon"> <img src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/important.svg" alt="Important" title="Important" width="37" height="17"> </span> --> <img loading="lazy" src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/revision-notes.svg" alt="CBSE Class 10 Revision Notes" title="CBSE Class 10 Revision Notes" width="34" height="39" /> </span> <em>CBSE Class 10 Revision Notes</em> </a> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-videos" class="sub-box"> <span class="sub-icon"> <!-- <span class="ribbon"> <img src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/important.svg" alt="Important" title="Important" width="37" height="17"> </span> --> <img loading="lazy" src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/ic-video-lessions.svg" alt="CBSE Class 10 Video Lessons" title="CBSE Class 10 Video Lessons" width="34" height="39" /> </span> <em>CBSE Class 10 Video Lessons</em> </a> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-syllabus" class="sub-box" > <span class="sub-icon"> <!-- <span class="ribbon"> <img src="images/important.svg" alt="Important" title="Important" width="37" height="17"> </span> --> <img loading="lazy" src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/syllabus.svg" alt="cbse Class 10 Syllabus" title="cbse Class 10 Syllabus" width="37" height="39" /> </span> <em>CBSE Class 10 Syllabus</em> </a> </div> </div> </section> <script> if(showAds){ googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.defineSlot('/1039154/TOPLRN_ENG_DESKTOP/TOPLRN_ENG_BOARD/TOPLRN_ENG_BOARD_AS/TOPLRN_ENG_ROS_BRD_AS_BTF1_728', [[970,250],[970,200],[970,90],[728,90]], '6743300b5c914') .setCollapseEmptyDiv(true) .addService(googletag.pubads()); }); } </script> <div class="max-container ad-banner" style=""> <div id="6743300b5c914"> <script> if(showAds){ googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('6743300b5c914'); }); } </script> </div> </div> <section class="abt--tl-sec spacer"> <div class="max-container"> <!-- <div class="section-subttl">CBSE CLASS 8 MATHS</div> --> <h2 class="section-title">CBSE Class 10: MIQ’s, Weekly Test, Video Assessment & More</h2> <div class="abt-desc wdauto"> <div id="textbook-wrap1" class="rm-wrap"> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>CBSE Syllabus for Class 10</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Which chapter to study? Is this topic a part of the <span style="text-decoration: underline;">CBSE Class 10 syllabus</span>? Answers to such queries can be found by looking at the latest syllabus of CBSE Class 10. Revise English lessons or practise Physics problems by splitting topics from the syllabus. The Class 10 syllabus undergoes revision from time to time. To make sure that you do not lose time finding the current topics from the <span style="text-decoration: underline;">deleted syllabus of CBSE Class 10</span>, we upload the latest syllabus at our portal.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">At TopperLearning, you can view and download the latest <span style="text-decoration: underline;">CBSE Class 10 syllabus</span> for Science, Mathematics, English, Hindi and Social Studies. The syllabus can be easily discovered at our study portal using a connected device. You can browse the main topics and sub-topics of each chapter in the syllabus of each CBSE Class 10 subject. For queries regarding <span style="text-decoration: underline;">the CBSE syllabus for Class 10</span>, you can post a question using our doubt solver <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-answer">‘Ask a Doubt’ platform.</a></p> <p>Science- <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-syllabus/science">View Syllabus</a></p> <div> <p style="text-align: justify;">Mathematics- <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-syllabus/mathematics">View Syllabus</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Hindi- <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-syllabus/hindi">View Syllabus</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Social Studies- <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-syllabus/social-studies">View Syllabus</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">English- <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-syllabus/english">View Syllabus</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>CBSE Class 10 Textbook Solutions</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">If you are looking for some additional help, we have <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/textbook-solutions-cbse-class-10" target="_blank">CBSE Class 10 Textbook Solutions</a> for various publications like RS Aggarwal and V Aggarwal, RD Sharma, Lakhmir Singh and Manjit Kaur, NCERT Textbooks to support you in enhancing your board exam score. RD Sharma solutions and RS Aggarwal solutions can strengthen your Mathematics skills once you complete your revision using <span style="text-decoration: underline;">NCERT solutions for CBSE Class 10</span> Maths. </p> <p style="text-align: justify;">The <span style="text-decoration: underline;">CBSE Class 10 free textbook solutions</span> available at TopperLearning are curated by subject experts. You will be able to score better marks in your exam if you are well-versed with answers for all important topics. Textbook solutions cover different question types across topics to give you the confidence to write answers easily. Our study portal carries expert answers to questions from leading textbooks for CBSE Class 10. This way, you need not worry about guessing the right answers. </p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10">NCERT Solutions for Class 10</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/lakhmir-singh-and-manjit-kaur-solutions/cbse-class-10">Lakhmir Singh and Manjit Kaur Solutions for Class 10</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/r-s-aggarwal-and-v-aggarwal-solutions/cbse-class-10">R S Aggarwal and V Aggarwal Solutions for Class 10</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/rd-sharma-solutions/cbse-class-10">RD Sharma Solutions for Class 10</a> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>CBSE Sample Papers for Class 10</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Have you tried scoring more marks in the objective type of questions in <span style="text-decoration: underline;">CBSE Online Class 10</span> mock exams? Find out by taking mock exams on your own using <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers/science">CBSE Sample Paper Class 10</a>. During your actual board exam, you may get some time to review the exam instructions and the questions in the question paper. If you time yourself while taking CBSE Class 10 Sample Papers, you will be able to understand whether you can go through the questions quickly and create a strategy to write the answers.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">You will be amazed to see how <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers/science">CBSE Sample Paper Class 10 </a>can help you with time management. Be it an explanation of a poem in English or application of a parallel combination of resistors in Physics, learn to review questions and plan your answers. The CBSE Class 10 <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers/science">Sample Papers</a> will give you the hang of finding the best way to write the exam with attention to accurate answers.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers/mathematics/700002164">CBSE Class 10 Maths Sample Papers</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers/science">CBSE Class 10 Science Sample Papers</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers/hindi">CBSE Class 10 Hindi Sample Papers</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers/english">CBSE Class 10 English Sample Papers</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers/social-studies">CBSE Class 10 Social Studies Sample Paper</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>CBSE Class 10 </strong><a href="https://byjus.com/cbse-study-material/cbse-previous-year-question-paper-class-10/" target="_blank"><strong>Previous Year Question Papers </strong></a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Make use of TopperLearning’s <span style="text-decoration: underline;">CBSE Online Class 10</span> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-previous-year-papers/mathematics">previous year question papers</a> to revise topics and attempt questions with accurate answers. If you look at board exam papers from recent years, you may find certain topics that are repeated. For example, a Physics concept may be asked again and again in various types of questions such as definitions, application-type questions, long answer questions, etc. Therefore, academic experts recommended practising questions and answers from CBSE Class 10 <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-previous-year-papers/mathematics">Previous Year Question Papers</a>.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">You can study for the mock exam using the previous year question papers with revision resources like <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-mathematics/mathematics-x/triangles">NCERT solutions for CBSE Class 10</a><span style="text-decoration: underline;">.</span> We also have <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-revision-notes/mathematics">revision notes</a> such as Most Important Questions, <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers/science">CBSE Sample Paper Class 10 </a>solutions, etc. You can use them to brush up on questions and answers across topics from your <span style="text-decoration: underline;">CBSE syllabus for Class 10</span>. The online learning materials also include answers explaining the usage of a formula or construction of a diagram. Practising the correct answers by experienced teachers at our study portal will enable you to enhance your subject knowledge and answering capabilities for your board exam.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-previous-year-papers/science">CBSE Class 10 Science Previous Year Papers</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-previous-year-papers/mathematics">CBSE Class 10 Maths Previous Year Papers</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-previous-year-papers/social-studies">CBSE Class 10 Social Studies Previous Year Papers</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-previous-year-papers/hindi">CBSE Class 10 Hindi Previous Year Papers</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-previous-year-papers/english">CBSE Class 10 English Previous Year Papers</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>CBSE Class 10 Revision Notes</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Revision is an important phase for you to master the concepts part of your syllabus. With e-learning materials like <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-revision-notes/mathematics">CBSE Class 10 Revision Notes</a>, CBSE Class 10 Most Important Questions and NCERT solutions for CBSE Class 10 Science within your reach through connected devices, you can effectively prepare your revision plan. </p> <p style="text-align: justify;">If you aspire to top the exam, you will have to thoroughly go through every topic in your syllabus. Take a look at our <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers/science">CBSE Sample Paper Class 10 </a>to assess your confidence level for the board exam. Also, check the ‘<a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-answer">Ask a Doubt</a>’ section for expert answers to questions posted by your peers.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-revision-notes/biology">CBSE Class 10 Biology Revision Notes</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-revision-notes/physics">CBSE Class 10 Physics Revision Notes</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-revision-notes/chemistry">CBSE Class 10 Chemistry Revision Notes</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-revision-notes/mathematics">CBSE Class 10 Maths Revision Notes</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-revision-notes/social-studies">CBSE Class 10 Social Studies Revision Notes</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-revision-notes/english">CBSE Class 10 English Revision Notes</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-revision-notes/hindi">CBSE Class 10 Hindi Revision Notes</a></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>CBSE Class 10 Webinar</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Get access to recorded <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-webinar">CBSE Class 10 Webinars </a>with an explanation of chapter concepts by experts. Learn about real numbers, quadratic equations and more with our Class 10 Maths Webinars. Our Science webinars will help you with topics like electricity, the reflection of light, chemical reactions and more. We also have webinars for Social Science and Hindi. Get access to the best exam-writing tips and tactics by subject experts with our webinar video resources.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Other than CBSE Class 10 syllabus, we have essential learning materials such as NCERT solutions for CBSE Class 10 Science, <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-videos">video lessons</a>, <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers/science">CBSE Sample Paper Class 10 </a>with solutions, etc. These resources will come across as highly valuable support material to revise syllabus concepts. In addition, our ‘<a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-answer">Ask a Doubt</a>’ section and ‘Ask a Doubt’ doubt solver platform will assist you with conceptual clarity.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span>CBSE Class 10 Videos</span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span>Study the subjects covered in your syllabus with lively <span style="text-decoration: underline;">CBSE Online Class 10</span> </span><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-videos">video lessons</a><span>. Learn the concepts. Go through important questions with topic explanations by experts. The Science topics in your syllabus are explained in a lucid format by subject experts in TopperLearning’s </span><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-videos">CBSE Class 10 Videos</a><span>. </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span>Revise displacement reaction or magnetic effects of current with TopperLearning’s CBSE Class 10 learning resources. Grasp topics like natural phenomena, carbon compounds, reproduction, etc. with the help of </span><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-videos">video lessons</a><span>. For difficult concepts, you can also revise the answers in our study portal’s ‘</span><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-answer">Ask a Doubt</a><span>’ section. Also, utilise the doubt-solver platform ‘Ask a Doubt’ to resolve questions related to difficult topics and score marks in your final examination.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>CBSE Class 10 Chapter Notes</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span>Be it Science, Maths or Social Studies, </span><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-chapter-notes">CBSE Class 10 Chapter Notes </a><span>will prove beneficial during your revision. Use it to revisit the theory behind certain numerical questions or simply go through the key concepts to be thorough. With chapter-wise notes for English and Hindi, you can revise stories or poems that have a deeper meaning. The revision of language subjects will help you to explain the background and message of the stories and poems in your exam.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Apart from chapter notes, our study resources include <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers" target="_blank">CBSE Class 10 sample papers</a>, <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-videos">video lessons</a>, online tests, and <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-mathematics/mathematics-x/triangles">NCERT solutions</a> which will help you with the revision and practice phases of your board exam preparation. In addition, our CBSE Class 10 previous years’ question papers will help you get familiar with the exam pattern and the weightage of chapters from the board exam perspective.</p> </div> </div> <button onclick="readMore(event, 'textbook-wrap1')" class="rm-btn"> Read more + </button> </div> <div class="box-wrap pb20"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-mcq" class="sub-box"> <span class="sub-icon"> <!-- <span class="ribbon"> <img src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/important.svg" alt="Important" title="Important" width="37" height="17"> </span> --> <img loading="lazy" src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/multiple-choice-questions.svg" alt="CBSE Class 10 Multiple Choice Questions" title="CBSE Class 10 Multiple Choice Questions" width="39" height="45" /> </span> <em>Multiple Choice Questions</em> </a> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-saq" class="sub-box"> <span class="sub-icon"> <!-- <span class="ribbon"> <img src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/important.svg" alt="Important" title="Important" width="37" height="17"> </span> --> <img loading="lazy" src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/subjective-questions.svg" alt="CBSE Class 10 Subjective Questions" title="CBSE Class 10 Subjective Questions" width="39" height="45" /> </span> <em>Subjective Questions</em> </a> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-fib" class="sub-box"> <span class="sub-icon"> <!-- <span class="ribbon"> <img src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/important.svg" alt="Important" title="Important" width="37" height="17"> </span> --> <img loading="lazy" src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/fill-In-the-blanks-questions.svg" alt="CBSE Class 10 Fill In The Blanks" title="CBSE Class 10 Fill In The Blanks" width="39" height="45" /> </span> <em>Fill In The Blanks</em> </a> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-practice-test" class="sub-box"> <span class="sub-icon"> <!-- <span class="ribbon"> <img src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/important.svg" alt="Important" title="Important" width="37" height="17"> </span> --> <img loading="lazy" src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/practice-test.svg" alt="CBSE Class 10 Practice Test" title="CBSE Class 10 Practice Test" width="39" height="45" /> </span> <em>Practice Test</em> </a> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-assertion-and-reasoning" class="sub-box"> <span class="sub-icon"> <!-- <span class="ribbon"> <img src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/important.svg" alt="Important" title="Important" width="37" height="17"> </span> --> <img loading="lazy" src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/ar-questions.svg" alt="CBSE Class 10 Assertion-Reason Questions" title="CBSE Class 10 Assertion-Reason Questions" width="39" height="45" /> </span> <em>Assertion-Reason Questions</em> </a> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-case-study" class="sub-box"> <span class="sub-icon"> <!-- <span class="ribbon"> <img src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/important.svg" alt="Important" title="Important" width="37" height="17"> </span> --> <img loading="lazy" src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/case-study-questions.svg" alt="CBSE Class 10 Case Study Questions" title="CBSE Class 10 Case Study Questions" width="39" height="45" /> </span> <em>Case Study Questions</em> </a> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-miq" class="sub-box"> <span class="sub-icon"> <!-- <span class="ribbon"> <img src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/important.svg" alt="Important" title="Important" width="37" height="17"> </span> --> <img loading="lazy" src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/most-important-questions.svg" alt="CBSE Class 10 Important Questions" title="CBSE Class 10 Important Questions" width="39" height="45" /> </span> <em>Important Questions</em> </a> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-competency-based-questions" class="sub-box"> <span class="sub-icon"> <!-- <span class="ribbon"> <img src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/important.svg" alt="Important" title="Important" width="37" height="17"> </span> --> <img loading="lazy" src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/multiple-choice-questions.svg" alt="CBSE Class 10 Competency Based Questions" title="CBSE Class 10 Competency Based Questions" width="39" height="45" /> </span> <em>Competency Based Questions</em> </a> </div> <div class="abt-desc wdauto"> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>CBSE Class 10 Marks-wise Important Questions </strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">TopperLearning has CBSE Class 10 board exam prep resources such as CBSE Class 10 Webinar, Most Important Questions (MIQs), Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs), True or False, Fill in the Blanks, subjective questions, video assessments and more. You can always bank on our assessment tools (which come in the form of a battery of online weekly tests and full-length mock tests) to assess your performance and analyse your strengths and weaknesses.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">CBSE Sample Paper Class 10<a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers/science"> </a>and Previous Year Question Papers are also great for board exam preparation. You can find answer keys to these self-assessment resources at our study portal itself. While evaluating your attempted questions, you will know about the marks you will score. </p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>CBSE Class 10 Chapter-wise Important Questions</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">You can refer to CBSE Class 10 Most Important Questions (MIQs) by TopperLearning which are curated by our academic experts. With adequate last-minute revision, this set of MIQs will help you to score more in your board exams. When there are hardly any days left for revision, it is not practical to aim for reading the entire textbook. Our compilation of the most important questions will enable you to quickly go through the CBSE Class 10 important topics and revise better.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">The important questions are hand-picked by subject experts from topics in the CBSE Class 10 syllabus. Whether you want to revisit your English lessons or revise the critical topics in Mathematics, our collection of important questions will benefit you. By revising the important questions, you can ensure that you are ready for topics that are likely to appear in your board exam. <strong> </strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers/mathematics/700002164">CBSE Class 10 Maths Chapter-wise Important Questions</a><strong></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers/science/700002163">CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter-wise Important Questions</a><strong></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers/social-studies/700002161">CBSE Class 10 Social Studies Chapter-wise Important Questions</a><strong></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers/hindi/700002156">CBSE Class 10 Hindi Course A Chapter-wise Important Questions</a><strong></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers/hindi/700002157">CBSE Class 10 Hindi Course B Chapter-wise Important Questions</a><strong></strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>CBSE Class 10 Multiple Choice Questions</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Prepare for the MCQ type Questions for CBSE Class 10 Science with accurate answers by experts. Be it about magnetism, pollution or salts, our well-structured Science questions and answers will be handy for quick revision. The questions where you constantly get wrong answers may be the ones where you need conceptual clarity. Use our ‘Ask a Doubt’ platform to understand those concepts clearly.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Also, practise the <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-mcq">Multiple Choice Questions for CBSE Class 10 </a>Maths and other subjects such as English, Hindi and Social Studies at TopperLearning. If you would like to see improvement in your exam score from your prelims and other mock tests, revise the MCQs multiple times. These questions may have low weightage but can be easily scored to improve your final exam results.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>CBSE Class 10 Fill In The Blanks</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Some of the easiest sections to score marks in your board exam are <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-fib">CBSE Class 10 Fill In The Blanks.</a> However, these gap-filling exercises can also be the ones that might be difficult to remember at times – mainly if there are multiple terms related to a concept. And if you are unclear, you may write the wrong term in the answer sheet. Avoid such situation and secure the marks easily for the ‘Fill In The Blanks’ questions with our model questions and answers.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Mostly, you will find basic concepts covered in the CBSE Class 10 <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-fib">Fill In The Blanks </a>questions. As a student, it is quite natural for you to have doubts about certain CBSE Class 10 chapter concepts. You need not wait for a teacher to be available to ask the query. At TopperLearning, doubt solver platforms like ‘Ask a Doubt’ can be accessed 24x7. You can post questions through the platform and subject experts will answer your queries. </p> <p>Find your recorded session under My Profile uploaded shortly.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>CBSE Class 10 Practice Test</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Do you feel you are ready for the CBSE Class 10 board exam? Take a <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-practice-test">CBSE Class 10 Practice Test </a>and assess yourself. If you get a full score, that’s great but if your results indicate incorrect answers, then you need to get back to revision. <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-practice-test">Online practice tests</a> are useful tools to self-assess your progress and preparedness for exams. Find well-designed online mock tests easily at the TopperLearning study portal.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">We follow the latest CBSE Class 10 syllabus to design our practice tests and sample question papers. The marking scheme and types of sample questions are created by experts as per the recent syllabus for each subject. Any topic from the deleted syllabus of CBSE Class 10 is removed from our learning resources during audits. To prepare for mock exams using our <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers/science">CBSE Sample Paper Class 10,</a> use our free textbook solutions, most important questions and other learning materials. For any subject-specific queries, connect with experts through TopperLearning’s ‘Ask a Doubt’ platform.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>CBSE Class 10 Video Assessment</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">One of the best study materials available at TopperLearning is the CBSE Class 10 <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-ffav">Video Assessment</a>. Make full use of these video assessments online to get a quick overview of important concepts. If you do not have the time to watch full-length videos, check these chapter-wise video assessments for Physics, Chemistry, Biology and Mathematics to quickly revise important concepts for your exam.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Once you have seen the CBSE Class 10 videos assessment, practise the questions using resources like <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-mathematics/mathematics-x/triangles">NCERT solutions for CBSE Class 10</a>. Attempt the self-assessment question papers such as <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers/science">CBSE Sample Paper Class 10 </a>or previous year question paper. If you feel, you are not getting an answer right, return to the videos for concept clarity. The concept videos can be watched many times till you grasp the concept thoroughly. </p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>CBSE Class 10 Weekly Test</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Take a self-evaluation every week as part of your revision plan with our <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10/weekly-test-schedule">CBSE Class 10 Weekly Test</a>. Some of the chapters that you can practise using the weekly tests are Real Numbers, Light – Reflection and Refraction, Polynomials, Life Process, etc. The subject and topic for the tests are given for each test so that you can revise the specific lessons before taking the test. Our subject experts keep adding new tests every week so that you can plan and prepare for upcoming tests.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Based on your results in our <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10/weekly-test-schedule">weekly tests</a> and self-assessment tools, you can identify the topics which require attention. Add those topics back in your revision plan and ensure that you get comfortable with all the chapters in your CBSE syllabus for Class 10. With immaculate planning and timely actions, you’ll be able to meet your study goals on time.</p> <p><strong>CBSE Class 10 Subjective Questions</strong></p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Get the CBSE Class 10 Subjective Questions for all subjects including Physics, Chemistry Biology, Mathematics, Social Studies Hindi and English – all in one place at TopperLearning. Practise Short Answer Questions in these subjective with step-wise answers by experts. Revise Vykaran Short Answer Questions and questions on English Grammar and Comprehension with our study materials.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">At TopperLearning, you will also get a structured collection of <span style="text-decoration: underline;">CBSE Online Class 10</span> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-previous-year-papers/mathematics" target="_blank">past year question papers</a> with answers by subject experts. While completing your revision for each chapter, there may be difficult questions that you may come across. You can get help to understand those questions in our ‘<a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-answer" target="_blank">Ask a Doubt</a>’ section. We have an excellent doubt-solver platform called ‘Ask a Doubt’ to assist you with responses to your doubts from subject experts. Now, use our doubt-resolution resources to prepare for your board exam and score top marks. </p> <p style="text-align: justify;">For practising subjective questions and other question types, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">free textbook solutions</span> are also available at our portal. These e-learning materials are aligned with the latest <span style="text-decoration: underline;">CBSE Class 10 syllabus.</span> So, you need not stress about any topics being out of the syllabus. Our experts review all the learning materials for topics from the <span style="text-decoration: underline;">deleted syllabus of CBSE Class 10</span> to keep them updated as per syllabus revision.</p> </div> <h2 class="section-title">Why to choose TopperLearning’s CBSE Class 10 study materials?</h2> <div class="abt-desc wdauto"> <p style="text-align: justify;">TopperLearning’s CBSE Class 10 online learning materials are ideal for learning and revising the topics in your CBSE Class 10 syllabus. Let’s look at some more reasons to select TopperLearning’s online study materials for CBSE Class 10. Our CBSE Class 10 board exam <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-revision-notes/mathematics">revision notes</a>, solutions for CBSE Class 10 sample question papers and other CBSE Class 10 online learning resources are based on the latest syllabus of CBSE Class 10.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Get free NCERT solutions for CBSE Class 10 and doubt-solving sessions with experts. The CBSE Class 10 chapter notes and video assessments are ideal for quick revision of topics. Our well-written study materials will support you to score more marks in the board examinations.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Increase your paper-solving speed and confidence with <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10/weekly-test-schedule" target="_blank">CBSE Class 10 weekly tests</a> and papers as per the exam paper guidelines. Practising with CBSE Class 10 previous years’ question papers and sample question papers such as <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers/science">CBSE Class 10 Science Sample Papers</a> 2020-21 will train your mind to write step-wise answers on the exam day.</p> </div> <div class="studyContainer"> <div class="box"> <h3>Textbook Solutions Study Material for CBSE Class 10</h3> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/lakhmir-singh-and-manjit-kaur-solutions/cbse-class-10">Lakhmir Singh and Manjit Kaur Solutions for Class 10</a> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10">NCERT Solutions for Class 10</a> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/rd-sharma-solutions/cbse-class-10">RD Sharma Solutions for Class 10</a> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/r-s-aggarwal-and-v-aggarwal-solutions/cbse-class-10">R S Aggarwal and V Aggarwal Solutions for Class 10</a> </div> </div> </div> </section> <!--FAQ Section--> <section class="faq-section bg-gray"> <div class="max-container"> <h2 class="section-title"> CBSE Class 10 Frequently Asked Questions </h2> <div class="accordions"> <div class="abt-desc wdauto faq-content"> <div class="accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="rd1" name="rd"> <label class="accordion-label" for="rd1"> Where can I find the most important questions for CBSE Class 10? </label> <div class="accordion-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">You can find the Most Important Questions (MIQs) for CBSE Class 10 subjects as per the latest syllabus of CBSE Class 10 at TopperLearning. The key question and answers are compiled by our team of subject experts who are well-respected teachers with rich professional experience. These model answers by reputed teachers will serve as a reference for you to understand how to write good answers as per your board exam guidelines.</p> </div> </div> <div class="accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="rd2" name="rd"> <label class="accordion-label" for="rd2"> How to score high marks in CBSE Class 10? </label> <div class="accordion-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Scoring high marks in CBSE Class 10 is possible with sufficient practice. To study difficult subjects, you need to set aside more time for revising and understanding challenging topics. To build your exam confidence, practise solving CBSE Class 10 papers such as <a title="CBSE Sample Paper Class 10" href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers/science">CBSE Sample Paper Class 10</a>, CBSE Class 10 <a title="Previous Years" href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-previous-year-papers/maths">Previous Years’</a> question papers etc.</p> </div> </div> <div class="accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="rd3" name="rd"> <label class="accordion-label" for="rd3"> What should I do for revising Class 10 subjects? </label> <div class="accordion-content"><p>For revision, TopperLearning provides resources such as CBSE Class 10 <a title="NCERT Solutions" href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-maths/mathematics-x/triangles" target="_blank">NCERT Solutions</a>, CBSE Class 10 previous years’ question papers with answers and sample questions for CBSE Class 10. For theoretical subjects, you can read answers to questions from NCERT books during revision. However, to avoid spelling mistakes or missing out on important details while writing answers, you need to write and practise the answers.</p> <p> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Writing practice is necessary for improving your capabilities to answer application-based questions in Maths and Physics. Practising with notes such as <a title="NCERT Solutions" href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-maths/mathematics-x/triangles" target="_blank">NCERT Solutions</a> for CBSE Class 10 Chemistry will assist you in remembering the correct way to write answers for questions based on chemical reactions and more. Also, you cannot avoid writing practice for language subjects. Although CBSE Class 10 language subjects may appear theory-based, you still need to practise writing answers to understand the correct usage of the languages that are part of your curriculum.</p> </div> </div> <div class="accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="rd4" name="rd"> <label class="accordion-label" for="rd4"> I find it difficult to understand the concepts in Class 10 Maths. What can I do to grasp the concepts? </label> <div class="accordion-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">You can watch the <a title="CBSE Class 10 video lessons" href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-videos" target="_blank">CBSE Class 10 video lessons</a> and <a title="video assessments" href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-ffav" target="_blank">video assessments</a> on TopperLearning.com to understand topics in your CBSE Class 10 Maths syllabus. Through the videos, our experts explain the topics with relevant examples of applications. When you watch the examples through live-action videos, demonstrations and animations, you learn the concepts more effectively.</p> <p> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;">After watching the video lessons, go ahead and practise our <a title="NCERT Solutions" href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-maths/mathematics-x/triangles" target="_blank">NCERT Solutions</a> and other online learning resources. This step will ensure that you can do a thorough revision of the chapters as per your latest syllabus of CBSE Class 10.</p> </div> </div> <div class="accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="rd5" name="rd"> <label class="accordion-label" for="rd5"> What are the best ways for CBSE Class 10 exam preparation? </label> <div class="accordion-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Stay calm and don’t let the pressure of the board examinations bother you. The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has recommended NCERT books for exam preparation. At TopperLearning, we offer free access to NCERT solutions for <a title="CBSE Class 10 Practice Test" href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-practice-test" target="_blank">CBSE Class 10 Practice Test</a>. You can utilise our video lessons, <a title="CBSE Sample Paper Class 10" href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers/science" target="_blank">CBSE Sample Paper Class 10</a>, including CBSE Class 10 Mathematics <a title="Sample Papers 2020-21" href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers/maths/700002164" target="_blank">Sample Papers 2020-21</a>, important questions for CBSE Class 10 and other study materials to plan and prepare for your board exams.</p> </div> </div> <div class="accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="rd6" name="rd"> <label class="accordion-label" for="rd6"> Where can I solve a doubt that I come across while studying? </label> <div class="accordion-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Our experts at TopperLearning can answer your questions through the ‘<a title="Ask a Doubt" href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-answer" target="_blank">Ask a Doubt</a>’ section on our study portal. For a better learning experience, check out the doubt solutions for queries posted by other students too. On our e-learning portal, you can ask an expert about exam tips, syllabus-related queries for CBSE Class 10, concept-based queries or other queries which can elevate your learning experience.</p> <p> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;">It is easy for students, whether they are shy or not, to ask questions on our study portal. Simply post your question and our expert will reply to it at the earliest. You do not have to lose out on learning or solving your query because of your shyness.</p> </div> </div> <div class="accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="rd7" name="rd"> <label class="accordion-label" for="rd7"> Which are the best books to prepare for the CBSE Class 10 board exams? </label> <div class="accordion-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">NCERT books are the recommended books to prepare for all subjects of your board. Maths is a subject that requires more practice for learning the accurate steps to solve problems and score full marks. RD Sharma and RS Aggarwal textbooks are used by most students for additional CBSE Class 10 Maths practice.</p> <p> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;">We provide chapter-wise RS Aggarwal Solutions for Class 10 and RD Sharma solutions for Class 10 on the TopperLearning online education portal. Our solutions for the preferred CBSE Class 10 textbooks will assist you to understand the methods used by expert teachers to solve problems. Learn from their problem-solving tactics to crack the questions in your CBSE Class 10 board exam.</p> </div> </div> <div class="accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="rd8" name="rd"> <label class="accordion-label" for="rd8"> How can I get help for CBSE Class 10 project or internal assessments? </label> <div class="accordion-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Be it your practical exams or school projects, you are required to apply the concepts from your CBSE Class 10 syllabus. We make things easy for you by giving you the right resources to understand the concepts covered in the chapters. You may come across ideas for a project while watching the demonstrations or application examples in one of our video lessons.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;">For CBSE Class 10th Science practical examinations, you will be able to run your experiments and come up with appropriate conclusions if you understand the chapter topics well. Also, your conceptual knowledge improves when you prepare for the written exams for Class 10 using our <a title="CBSE Class 10 revision notes" href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-revision-notes" target="_blank">CBSE Class 10 revision notes</a> and other online study materials for CBSE Class 10.</p> </div> </div> <div class="accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="rd9" name="rd"> <label class="accordion-label" for="rd9"> Why should I use TopperLearning’s e-learning resources? </label> <div class="accordion-content"><p style="margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; line-height: 22px; text-align: justify;">TopperLearning has 950+ <a title="video lessons" href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-videos" target="_blank">video lessons</a>, 200+ <a title="revision notes" href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-revision-notes/maths" target="_blank">revision notes</a>, 8500+ questions and 15+ sample papers (including CBSE Class 10 <a title="Social Studies Sample Papers" href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers/social-studies" target="_blank">Social Studies Sample Papers</a> 2020-21) for CBSE students. All these resources are curated by experienced educators who are some of the best teachers in India. The study materials on TopperLearning are designed to give you clarity of the concepts that you study in class.</p> <p style="margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; line-height: 22px; text-align: justify;">The video lessons and other study materials reinforce learning that took place in your school classroom. With the reliable revision materials provided by TopperLearning, you can revise CBSE Class 10 lessons or lessons of other CBSE classes conveniently on the move. To learn better, you don’t have to travel anywhere or wait for assistance; our online resources are available 24x7 to assist you.</p> </div> </div> <div class="accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="rd10" name="rd"> <label class="accordion-label" for="rd10"> What are the subjects of CBSE class 10? </label> <div class="accordion-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">TopperLearning’s CBSE Class 10 offers Maths, Science, Social Studies, Hindi Vyakaran and English Grammar, Composition and Comprehension.</p> </div> </div> <div class="accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="rd11" name="rd"> <label class="accordion-label" for="rd11"> How to study in CBSE class 10? </label> <div class="accordion-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">To study CBSE Class 10, one needs proper time management skills. Time management skills will help students complete the paper on time with less or no exam panics. To study subjects like Maths, one would require a lot of practice. Understanding the concepts and then applying them to solve problems will enable a thorough grasp of the topic. Making practising a habit will improve the learning outcome of the students studying in CBSE Class 10. It is also recommended that students develop a writing habit to improve learning outcomes. It is also a good habit to regularly solve the sample papers, attempt online MCQs and SAQs regularly. The practice test feature at TopperLearning for CBSE Class 10 enables you to practice multiple chapter tests in one go. The practise tests will help students generate tests based on formative or summative assessments where multiple concepts or chapters are involved. Doing so will enable students to understand the paper pattern and lessen panic.</p> </div> </div> <div class="accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="rd12" name="rd"> <label class="accordion-label" for="rd12"> Is 10th class difficult? </label> <div class="accordion-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Any class may be difficult if students are not able to focus well. It is always advised to work hard and understand concepts that are taught by the teacher in school. If students understand concepts well, no class will sound difficult for them. It is also recommended to create a timetable for study. Making a timetable brings discipline among students. Students should use resources available at TopperLearning to understand concepts using application videos, revision notes and practice online MCQ tests to boost up their preparations. Students must also use trusted platforms like TopperLearning where content resources are added following quality checks. TopperLearning also provides Ask a Doubt services which is readily used by students to clear their after school doubts. The Ask a Doubt platform also provides an ecosystem where students can view already answered doubts, can ask a new doubt or may answer other students doubt to gain knowledge. All such answers are quality checked by experts before hosting on the website. Overall, it is advised to form practice as a habit so that no class is difficult for a student.</p> </div> </div> <div class="accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="rd13" name="rd"> <label class="accordion-label" for="rd13"> What is the hardest subject in CBSE class 10? </label> <div class="accordion-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Although if students are able to understand the concepts and concentrate well, there is no subject that will sound hard. However, different subjects have different approaches and strategies to deal with. For example, some students find Class 10 Maths as difficult as they do not relate or understand some crucial concepts. Similar is the case for Class 10 Science. For Class 10 Social Science, remembering the events, names, places, etc. in a sequential manner may sound difficult to some.</p> </div> </div> <div class="accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="rd14" name="rd"> <label class="accordion-label" for="rd14"> What are the optional subjects in CBSE class 10? </label> <div class="accordion-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Although there are no optional subjects in CBSE Class 10, students may opt to have optional subjects from class 9 onwards. These may include Skill Subjects, Language III, or any other academic subject as opted, Art education, Health and Physical Education and Work Experience. Moreover, the compulsory subjects are Language I (Hindi Course A, Hindi Course B), Language II, Maths (Standard or Basic), Science, Social Science. It is very important to go through the main subjects of CBSE Class 10 thoroughly during th academic year.</p> </div> </div> <div class="accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="rd15" name="rd"> <label class="accordion-label" for="rd15"> What is the best 5 rule in CBSE class 10? </label> <div class="accordion-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">The best 5 rule in CBSE Class 10 is to decide your percentage in the exam which is known by one language subject, English and other 4 subjects where you have obtained high scores.</p> </div> </div> </div> <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "FAQPage", "mainEntity": [ { "@type": "Question", "name": "<p>Where can I find the most important questions for CBSE Class 10?</p>", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "<p style='text-align: justify;'>You can find the Most Important Questions (MIQs) for CBSE Class 10 subjects as per the latest syllabus of CBSE Class 10 at TopperLearning. The key question and answers are compiled by our team of subject experts who are well-respected teachers with rich professional experience. These model answers by reputed teachers will serve as a reference for you to understand how to write good answers as per your board exam guidelines.</p>" } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "<p>How to score high marks in CBSE Class 10?</p>", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "<p style='text-align: justify;'>Scoring high marks in CBSE Class 10 is possible with sufficient practice. To study difficult subjects, you need to set aside more time for revising and understanding challenging topics. To build your exam confidence, practise solving CBSE Class 10 papers such as <a title='CBSE Sample Paper Class 10' href='https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers/science'>CBSE Sample Paper Class 10</a>, CBSE Class 10 <a title='Previous Years' href='https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-previous-year-papers/maths'>Previous Years’</a> question papers etc.</p>" } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "<p>What should I do for revising Class 10 subjects?</p>", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "<p>For revision, TopperLearning provides resources such as CBSE Class 10 <a title='NCERT Solutions' href='https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-maths/mathematics-x/triangles' target='_blank'>NCERT Solutions</a>, CBSE Class 10 previous years’ question papers with answers and sample questions for CBSE Class 10. For theoretical subjects, you can read answers to questions from NCERT books during revision. However, to avoid spelling mistakes or missing out on important details while writing answers, you need to write and practise the answers.</p> <p> </p> <p style='text-align: justify;'>Writing practice is necessary for improving your capabilities to answer application-based questions in Maths and Physics. Practising with notes such as <a title='NCERT Solutions' href='https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-maths/mathematics-x/triangles' target='_blank'>NCERT Solutions</a> for CBSE Class 10 Chemistry will assist you in remembering the correct way to write answers for questions based on chemical reactions and more. Also, you cannot avoid writing practice for language subjects. Although CBSE Class 10 language subjects may appear theory-based, you still need to practise writing answers to understand the correct usage of the languages that are part of your curriculum.</p>" } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "<p>I find it difficult to understand the concepts in Class 10 Maths. What can I do to grasp the concepts?</p>", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "<p style='text-align: justify;'>You can watch the <a title='CBSE Class 10 video lessons' href='https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-videos' target='_blank'>CBSE Class 10 video lessons</a> and <a title='video assessments' href='https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-ffav' target='_blank'>video assessments</a> on TopperLearning.com to understand topics in your CBSE Class 10 Maths syllabus. Through the videos, our experts explain the topics with relevant examples of applications. When you watch the examples through live-action videos, demonstrations and animations, you learn the concepts more effectively.</p> <p> </p> <p style='text-align: justify;'>After watching the video lessons, go ahead and practise our <a title='NCERT Solutions' href='https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions/cbse-class-10-maths/mathematics-x/triangles' target='_blank'>NCERT Solutions</a> and other online learning resources. This step will ensure that you can do a thorough revision of the chapters as per your latest syllabus of CBSE Class 10.</p>" } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "<p> What are the best ways for CBSE Class 10 exam preparation?</p>", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "<p style='text-align: justify;'>Stay calm and don’t let the pressure of the board examinations bother you. The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has recommended NCERT books for exam preparation. At TopperLearning, we offer free access to NCERT solutions for <a title='CBSE Class 10 Practice Test' href='https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-practice-test' target='_blank'>CBSE Class 10 Practice Test</a>. You can utilise our video lessons, <a title='CBSE Sample Paper Class 10' href='https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers/science' target='_blank'>CBSE Sample Paper Class 10</a>, including CBSE Class 10 Mathematics <a title='Sample Papers 2020-21' href='https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers/maths/700002164' target='_blank'>Sample Papers 2020-21</a>, important questions for CBSE Class 10 and other study materials to plan and prepare for your board exams.</p>" } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "<p>Where can I solve a doubt that I come across while studying?</p>", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "<p style='text-align: justify;'>Our experts at TopperLearning can answer your questions through the ‘<a title='Ask a Doubt' href='https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-answer' target='_blank'>Ask a Doubt</a>’ section on our study portal. For a better learning experience, check out the doubt solutions for queries posted by other students too. On our e-learning portal, you can ask an expert about exam tips, syllabus-related queries for CBSE Class 10, concept-based queries or other queries which can elevate your learning experience.</p> <p> </p> <p style='text-align: justify;'>It is easy for students, whether they are shy or not, to ask questions on our study portal. Simply post your question and our expert will reply to it at the earliest. You do not have to lose out on learning or solving your query because of your shyness.</p>" } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "<p>Which are the best books to prepare for the CBSE Class 10 board exams?</p>", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "<p style='text-align: justify;'>NCERT books are the recommended books to prepare for all subjects of your board. Maths is a subject that requires more practice for learning the accurate steps to solve problems and score full marks. RD Sharma and RS Aggarwal textbooks are used by most students for additional CBSE Class 10 Maths practice.</p> <p> </p> <p style='text-align: justify;'>We provide chapter-wise RS Aggarwal Solutions for Class 10 and RD Sharma solutions for Class 10 on the TopperLearning online education portal. Our solutions for the preferred CBSE Class 10 textbooks will assist you to understand the methods used by expert teachers to solve problems. Learn from their problem-solving tactics to crack the questions in your CBSE Class 10 board exam.</p>" } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "<p>How can I get help for CBSE Class 10 project or internal assessments?</p>", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "<p style='text-align: justify;'>Be it your practical exams or school projects, you are required to apply the concepts from your CBSE Class 10 syllabus. We make things easy for you by giving you the right resources to understand the concepts covered in the chapters. You may come across ideas for a project while watching the demonstrations or application examples in one of our video lessons.</p> <p style='text-align: justify;'> </p> <p style='text-align: justify;'>For CBSE Class 10th Science practical examinations, you will be able to run your experiments and come up with appropriate conclusions if you understand the chapter topics well. Also, your conceptual knowledge improves when you prepare for the written exams for Class 10 using our <a title='CBSE Class 10 revision notes' href='https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-revision-notes' target='_blank'>CBSE Class 10 revision notes</a> and other online study materials for CBSE Class 10.</p>" } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "<p> Why should I use TopperLearning’s e-learning resources?</p>", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "<p style='margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; line-height: 22px; text-align: justify;'>TopperLearning has 950+ <a title='video lessons' href='https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-videos' target='_blank'>video lessons</a>, 200+ <a title='revision notes' href='https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-revision-notes/maths' target='_blank'>revision notes</a>, 8500+ questions and 15+ sample papers (including CBSE Class 10 <a title='Social Studies Sample Papers' href='https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-sample-papers/social-studies' target='_blank'>Social Studies Sample Papers</a> 2020-21) for CBSE students. All these resources are curated by experienced educators who are some of the best teachers in India. The study materials on TopperLearning are designed to give you clarity of the concepts that you study in class.</p> <p style='margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; line-height: 22px; text-align: justify;'>The video lessons and other study materials reinforce learning that took place in your school classroom. With the reliable revision materials provided by TopperLearning, you can revise CBSE Class 10 lessons or lessons of other CBSE classes conveniently on the move. To learn better, you don’t have to travel anywhere or wait for assistance; our online resources are available 24x7 to assist you.</p>" } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "<p>What are the subjects of CBSE class 10?</p>", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "<p style='text-align: justify;'>TopperLearning’s CBSE Class 10 offers Maths, Science, Social Studies, Hindi Vyakaran and English Grammar, Composition and Comprehension.</p>" } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "<p>How to study in CBSE class 10?</p>", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "<p style='text-align: justify;'>To study CBSE Class 10, one needs proper time management skills. Time management skills will help students complete the paper on time with less or no exam panics. To study subjects like Maths, one would require a lot of practice. Understanding the concepts and then applying them to solve problems will enable a thorough grasp of the topic. Making practising a habit will improve the learning outcome of the students studying in CBSE Class 10. It is also recommended that students develop a writing habit to improve learning outcomes. It is also a good habit to regularly solve the sample papers, attempt online MCQs and SAQs regularly. The practice test feature at TopperLearning for CBSE Class 10 enables you to practice multiple chapter tests in one go. The practise tests will help students generate tests based on formative or summative assessments where multiple concepts or chapters are involved. Doing so will enable students to understand the paper pattern and lessen panic.</p>" } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "<p>Is 10th class difficult?</p>", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "<p style='text-align: justify;'>Any class may be difficult if students are not able to focus well. It is always advised to work hard and understand concepts that are taught by the teacher in school. If students understand concepts well, no class will sound difficult for them. It is also recommended to create a timetable for study. Making a timetable brings discipline among students. Students should use resources available at TopperLearning to understand concepts using application videos, revision notes and practice online MCQ tests to boost up their preparations. Students must also use trusted platforms like TopperLearning where content resources are added following quality checks. TopperLearning also provides Ask a Doubt services which is readily used by students to clear their after school doubts. The Ask a Doubt platform also provides an ecosystem where students can view already answered doubts, can ask a new doubt or may answer other students doubt to gain knowledge. All such answers are quality checked by experts before hosting on the website. Overall, it is advised to form practice as a habit so that no class is difficult for a student.</p>" } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "<p>What is the hardest subject in CBSE class 10?</p>", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "<p style='text-align: justify;'>Although if students are able to understand the concepts and concentrate well, there is no subject that will sound hard. However, different subjects have different approaches and strategies to deal with. For example, some students find Class 10 Maths as difficult as they do not relate or understand some crucial concepts. Similar is the case for Class 10 Science. For Class 10 Social Science, remembering the events, names, places, etc. in a sequential manner may sound difficult to some.</p>" } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "<p>What are the optional subjects in CBSE class 10?</p>", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "<p style='text-align: justify;'>Although there are no optional subjects in CBSE Class 10, students may opt to have optional subjects from class 9 onwards. These may include Skill Subjects, Language III, or any other academic subject as opted, Art education, Health and Physical Education and Work Experience. Moreover, the compulsory subjects are Language I (Hindi Course A, Hindi Course B), Language II, Maths (Standard or Basic), Science, Social Science. It is very important to go through the main subjects of CBSE Class 10 thoroughly during th academic year.</p>" } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "<p>What is the best 5 rule in CBSE class 10?</p>", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "<p style='text-align: justify;'>The best 5 rule in CBSE Class 10 is to decide your percentage in the exam which is known by one language subject, English and other 4 subjects where you have obtained high scores.</p>" } } ] } </script> </div> </div> </section> <!--FAQ Section--> <section class="video-section"> <div class="max-container"> <!-- <div class="section-subttl">CBSE CLASS 8 MATHS</div> --> <h2 class="section-title">CBSE Class 10 Videos</h2> <div class="video-wrap"> <div class="video-box"> <div class="vid-titl-w"> <h3><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-videos/chemistry/chemical-reactions-and-equations/chemical-reactions/9"> Chemical Reactions - Part 1 </a></h3> <div class="viewinfo" data-link="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-videos/chemistry/chemical-reactions-and-equations/chemical-reactions/9" data-id="9" onclick="showDotTooltip(event,this);setShareLink(this);" > <span class="three-v-dots"></span> <form id="favVideoForm9"> <input type="hidden" name="video_url" value="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-videos/chemistry/chemical-reactions-and-equations/chemical-reactions/9" /> <input type="hidden" name="video_lesson_id" value="9" /> </form> </div> </div> <div class="vdo-img-wrap"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-videos/chemistry/chemical-reactions-and-equations/chemical-reactions/9"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/videoimg/Chemical_Reactions_SEG_01_New.jpg" alt="CBSE Class 10-Chemical Reactions - Part 1" title="" width="450" height="219" /> <span class="play-icon"> <!-- <img loading="lazy" src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/video-play.svg" alt="play video" title="" width="56" height="56"> --> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vdo-desc">This video explains the chemical reaction and its features in terms of endo...</div> </div> <div class="video-box"> <div class="vid-titl-w"> <h3><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-videos/chemistry/chemical-reactions-and-equations/chemical-equations/40"> Chemical Equation - Part 1 </a></h3> <div class="viewinfo" data-link="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-videos/chemistry/chemical-reactions-and-equations/chemical-equations/40" data-id="40" onclick="showDotTooltip(event,this);setShareLink(this);" > <span class="three-v-dots"></span> <form id="favVideoForm40"> <input type="hidden" name="video_url" value="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-videos/chemistry/chemical-reactions-and-equations/chemical-equations/40" /> <input type="hidden" name="video_lesson_id" value="40" /> </form> </div> </div> <div class="vdo-img-wrap"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-videos/chemistry/chemical-reactions-and-equations/chemical-equations/40"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/videoimg/Chemical_Equations_SEG_01_New.jpg" alt="CBSE Class 10-Chemical Equation - Part 1" title="" width="450" height="219" /> <span class="play-icon"> <!-- <img loading="lazy" src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/video-play.svg" alt="play video" title="" width="56" height="56"> --> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vdo-desc">This video defines chemical equations and explains how to balance chemical ...</div> </div> </div> <a class="org-btn" href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-videos" title="MORE VIDEOS" >MORE VIDEOS</a > </div> </section> <!--Success Stories Section--> <!--Success Stories Section--> <!--FAQ Section--> <!--FAQ Section--> </div> <div id="ROS_AS_PG_1x1"></div> <div id="ROS_AS_PG_SLIDER_1x1"></div> <div id="ROS_AS_SKIN_OOP"></div> <div id="ROS_AS_SHOSH_OOP"></div> <script> if(showAds){ googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.defineSlot('/1039154/TOPLRN_ENG_DESKTOP/TOPLRN_ENG_ROS/TOPLRN_ENG_ROS_AS/TOPLRN_ENG_ROS_AS_PG_1x1', [[1, 1]], 'ROS_AS_PG_1x1').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineSlot('/1039154/TOPLRN_ENG_DESKTOP/TOPLRN_ENG_ROS/TOPLRN_ENG_ROS_AS/TOPLRN_ENG_ROS_AS_PG_SLIDER_1x1', [[1, 1]], 'ROS_AS_PG_SLIDER_1x1').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineOutOfPageSlot('/1039154/TOPLRN_ENG_DESKTOP/TOPLRN_ENG_ROS/TOPLRN_ENG_ROS_AS/TOPLRN_ENG_ROS_AS_SKIN_OOP', 'ROS_AS_SKIN_OOP').addService(googletag.pubads()); googletag.defineOutOfPageSlot('/1039154/TOPLRN_ENG_DESKTOP/TOPLRN_ENG_ROS/TOPLRN_ENG_ROS_AS/TOPLRN_ENG_ROS_AS_SHOSH_OOP', 'ROS_AS_SHOSH_OOP').addService(googletag.pubads()); }); }); } </script> <script> if(showAds){ googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('ROS_AS_PG_1x1'); }); googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('ROS_AS_PG_SLIDER_1x1'); }); googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('ROS_AS_SKIN_OOP'); }); googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('ROS_AS_SHOSH_OOP'); }); } </script><!-- 3 dots info wrap --> <div id="viewInfoWrap" class="viewinfoWrap" style="display: none"> <ul id="popupinfo" class="info"> <li class="addtofav" onclick="addFavouriteVideo()"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="#F16911"><path d="M11.99 2C6.47 2 2 6.48 2 12s4.47 10 9.99 10C17.52 22 22 17.52 22 12S17.52 2 11.99 2zM12 20c-4.42 0-8-3.58-8-8s3.58-8 8-8 8 3.58 8 8-3.58 8-8 8z"/><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"/><path d="M12.5 7H11v6l5.25 3.15.75-1.23-4.5-2.67z"/></svg> <span>Add to favourite</span></li> <li class="share"><a href="#" id="whatsappShare" target="_blank"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="#F16911"><path d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"/><path d="M18 16.08c-.76 0-1.44.3-1.96.77L8.91 12.7c.05-.23.09-.46.09-.7s-.04-.47-.09-.7l7.05-4.11c.54.5 1.25.81 2.04.81 1.66 0 3-1.34 3-3s-1.34-3-3-3-3 1.34-3 3c0 .24.04.47.09.7L8.04 9.81C7.5 9.31 6.79 9 6 9c-1.66 0-3 1.34-3 3s1.34 3 3 3c.79 0 1.5-.31 2.04-.81l7.12 4.16c-.05.21-.08.43-.08.65 0 1.61 1.31 2.92 2.92 2.92 1.61 0 2.92-1.31 2.92-2.92s-1.31-2.92-2.92-2.92z"/></svg> <span>Share</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <script> document.onscroll = (event) => { // handle the scroll event var infowin = document.getElementById('viewInfoWrap'); infowin.style.display = 'none'; // alert(); }; document.onclick = function(event) { var infowin = document.getElementById('viewInfoWrap'); // infowin.style.display = 'none'; // alert(20); } </script><!-- 3 dots info wrap --> <!-- Back To Top --> <div id="back2Top" title="Back to top" onclick="scrollToTop()"> <svg id="arrow-top" width="39" height="38" viewBox="0 0 39 38"> <defs> <linearGradient id="linear-gradient" x1="0.5" x2="0.5" y2="1" gradientUnits="objectBoundingBox"> <stop offset="0" stop-color="#0473bc"/> <stop offset="0.513" stop-color="#1e8bd2"/> <stop offset="1" stop-color="#36a1e7"/> </linearGradient> </defs> <g id="Group_1356" data-name="Group 1356" transform="translate(-365.127 397) rotate(-90)"> <path id="Path_332" data-name="Path 332" d="M19,0A19.255,19.255,0,0,1,38,19.5,19.255,19.255,0,0,1,19,39,19.255,19.255,0,0,1,0,19.5,19.255,19.255,0,0,1,19,0Z" transform="translate(359 365.127)" fill="url(#linear-gradient)"/> <g id="Group_1454" data-name="Group 1454" transform="translate(1 0.5)"> <path id="Path_158" data-name="Path 158" d="M3176.379,359.4l8.131,8.657-3.049,3.246-5.082,5.41" transform="translate(-2798.311 16.225)" fill="none" stroke="#fff" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="3"/> <path id="Path_334" data-name="Path 334" d="M9.136,0H1" transform="translate(374.235 384.296)" fill="none" stroke="#fff" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="3"/> <path id="Path_333" data-name="Path 333" d="M.831,0H0" transform="translate(368.5 384.296)" fill="none" stroke="#fff" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-width="3"/> </g> </g> </svg> </div> <!-- Back To Top --> <!-- Get in Touch --> <button id="getintouch" onclick="popOpen('getinModal')" title="Get in Touch"> <svg id="call" width="35" height="35" viewBox="0 0 35 35"> <defs> <linearGradient id="linear-gradient1" y1="0.5" x2="1" y2="0.5" gradientUnits="objectBoundingBox"> <stop offset="0" stop-color="#f16911"/> <stop offset="1" stop-color="#ff9140"/> </linearGradient> </defs> <path id="Rectangle_95" data-name="Rectangle 95" d="M0,0H29a6,6,0,0,1,6,6V29a6,6,0,0,1-6,6H0a0,0,0,0,1,0,0V0A0,0,0,0,1,0,0Z" fill="url(#linear-gradient1)"/> <path id="Path" d="M14.012,10.465H12.267a.486.486,0,0,0-.446.293L11.074,12.5a.4.4,0,0,1-.486.217,9.143,9.143,0,0,1-6.4-7.079.372.372,0,0,1,.235-.4l1.929-.825a.485.485,0,0,0,.294-.445V2.228A2.231,2.231,0,0,0,4.412,0H1.653A1.359,1.359,0,0,0,.33,1.032,13.086,13.086,0,0,0,0,3.972,12.473,12.473,0,0,0,.227,6.4a13.156,13.156,0,0,0,9.661,10.3,13.178,13.178,0,0,0,5.218.26,1.354,1.354,0,0,0,1.136-1.342V12.693a2.231,2.231,0,0,0-2.23-2.228Z" transform="translate(9.629 8.941)" fill="#fff"/> </svg> </button> <!-- Get in Touch --> <div class="max-container"> </div> <!-- Footer Section --> <footer> <div class="max-container footer-links-wrap"> <div class="ftr-column"> <div class="ftr-accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="school" name="school" aria-label="school"> <label class="ftr-heading ftr-accordion-label" for="school">Boards</label> <ul class="ftr-accordion-content ftr-links"> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse">CBSE</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse">ICSE</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/maharashtra">Maharashtra</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="ftr-accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="entrance" name="entrance" aria-label="entrance"> <label class="ftr-heading ftr-accordion-label" for="entrance">ENTRANCE EXAMS</label> <ul class="ftr-accordion-content ftr-links"> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/jee">JEE Main</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/neet">NEET</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="ftr-column"> <div class="ftr-accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="foundation" name="foundation" aria-label="foundation"> <label class="ftr-heading ftr-accordion-label" for="foundation">Foundation</label> <ul class="ftr-accordion-content ftr-links"> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/foundation-class-9">Class 9</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/foundation-class-10">Class 10</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="ftr-accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="study" name="study" aria-label="study"> <label class="ftr-heading ftr-accordion-label" for="study">STUDY RESOURCES</label> <ul class="ftr-accordion-content ftr-links"> <!--li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/learn/video-lessons">Video Lessons</a></li--> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/doubts-solutions/all-questions/">Ask a Doubt</a></li> <!--li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/learn/revision-notes">Revision Notes</a></li--> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/sample-papers">Sample Papers</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/previous-year-question-papers">Previous Year Question Papers</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="ftr-column"> <div class="ftr-accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="textbook" name="textbook" aria-label="textbook"> <label class="ftr-heading ftr-accordion-label" for="textbook">FREE TEXTBOOK SOLUTIONS</label> <ul class="ftr-accordion-content ftr-links"> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/ncert-solutions">NCERT</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/rd-sharma-solutions">R.D Sharma</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/textbook-solutions?ps1">R.S Aggarwal and V. Aggarwal</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/textbook-solutions?ps1">Frank</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/selina-solutions">Selina</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/h-c-verma-solutions/cbse-class-12-science">H.C Verma</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/lakhmir-singh-and-manjit-kaur-solutions/cbse-class-10?ps1">Lakhmir Singh and Manjit Kaur</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/p-s-verma-and-v-k-agarwal-solutions/cbse-class-10-biology">P.S Verma and V.K Agarwal</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/t-s-grewal-solutions/cbse-class-11-commerce-accountancy">T.S Grewal</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="ftr-column"> <div class="ftr-accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="quicklinks" name="quicklinks" aria-label="quicklinks"> <label class="ftr-heading ftr-accordion-label" for="quicklinks">QUICK LINKS</label> <ul class="ftr-accordion-content ftr-links"> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/blog">Blog</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/education-partner">Partner with us</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/franchisee">For Franchisee</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/tuition-center-solutions">For Tuition Center</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/private-tutor-solutions">For Private Tutor</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/school-solutions">For Schools</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/topper-faculty">Our Faculties</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/faq">FAQ's</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/sitemap">Site Map</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/about-us">About Us</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <!-- <div id="toppertv-accordion" class="ftr-column"> <div class="ftr-accordion"> <input type="checkbox" id="topper-tv" name="toppertv" aria-label="toppertv"> <label class="ftr-heading ftr-accordion-label" for="topper-tv">Topper TV</label> <ul class="ftr-accordion-content ftr-links"> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/topper-tv/schedule">Schedule</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/topper-tv/subscribe-main">Subscribe</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/topper-tv/shows">Shows</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/kid-company">KID Company</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> --> </div> <div class="footer-cont-info"> <div class="max-container footer-info-wrap"> <div class="ftr-left"> <div class="ftr-form-wrap"> <div class="gpay-column"> <h2 class="ftr-heading">DOWNLOAD OUR APP</h2> <img loading="lazy" src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/qr-code.jpg" alt="QR Code" title="QR Code" width="55" height="55"> <a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.topperlearning&hl=en" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img loading="lazy" src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/googleplay.png" alt="Googleplay" title="Googleplay" width="116" height="36"></a> </div> <div class="nws-column"> <h2 class="ftr-heading">NEWSLETTER</h2> <div class="nws-box-wrap"> <p>Get latest updates in your inbox</p> <form onsubmit="newsletterSubscription(this);return false;"> <div class="nws-input-wrap"> <input type="email" name="email" id="subscribe" placeholder="Your email id"> <button type="submit" class="btn-subscribe">Subscribe</button> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="ftr-cont-wrap"> <!-- <div class="cont-info-wrap"> <div class="cont-call"> <a rel="noopener" target="_blank" href="https://wa.me/919321924448" class="whatsapp-icon"> <svg id="footer-call" width="47" height="47" viewBox="0 0 47 47"> <circle id="Ellipse_72" data-name="Ellipse 69" cx="23.5" cy="23.5" r="23.5" fill="#ff9140"/> <g id="Group_1471" data-name="Group 1471" transform="translate(12 11.368)"> <g id="Group_1480" data-name="Group 1480"> <g id="Layer2_0_FILL" data-name="Layer2 0 FILL"> <path id="Path_365" data-name="Path 353" d="M967.963,344.975a.984.984,0,0,0-.7.255l-3.361,3.05a1.115,1.115,0,0,0-.255.377,4.222,4.222,0,0,0,.422,4.1q4.351,9.827,15.073,15.34l.011.011a6,6,0,0,0,4.381.466.937.937,0,0,0,.532-.266l3.061-3.039a.962.962,0,0,0,.3-.71.973.973,0,0,0-.288-.71l-5.324-5.357a1.019,1.019,0,0,0-1.409-.011l-2.052,1.963a16.423,16.423,0,0,1-6.755-6.788l1.985-2.019a.95.95,0,0,0,.288-.7.986.986,0,0,0-.288-.71l-4.936-4.969a.981.981,0,0,0-.688-.288m-2.529,4.614,2.462-2.241,3.572,3.594-1.808,1.83a1.008,1.008,0,0,0-.277.555.966.966,0,0,0,.1.61,18.317,18.317,0,0,0,8.64,8.618.932.932,0,0,0,.588.078.92.92,0,0,0,.521-.255l1.852-1.775,3.926,3.949-2.13,2.119a4.314,4.314,0,0,1-2.684-.266l-.067-.033q-10.169-5.208-14.275-14.5a1.045,1.045,0,0,0-.089-.177A2.334,2.334,0,0,1,965.434,349.589Z" transform="translate(-963.306 -344.974)" fill="#fff"/> </g> </g> </g> </svg> <img src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/ic-whatsapp.png" loading="lazy" alt="Whatsapp" width="23" height="23" class="ic-wts"> </a> </div> <div class="contact-info"> <h2 class="ftr-heading">CALL US / WHATSAPP</h2> <div class="cont-number">93219 24448</div> <div class="cont-time">9:00am - 9:00pm IST all days.</div> </div> </div> --> <div class="reg-office"> <h2 class="ftr-heading">REGISTERED OFFICE</h2> <div class="address">First Floor, Empire Complex, 414 Senapati Bapat Marg, Lower Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra India – 400013.</div> </div> <div class="stay-connect"> <h2 class="ftr-heading">STAY CONNECTED</h2> <div class="soc-wrap"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/Topperlearning.India" rel="nofollow noopener" class="soc-circle ic-fb" target="_blank" title="Facebook"> <svg width="28.408" height="28.326" viewBox="0 0 28.408 28.326"> <path id="Subtraction_13" data-name="Subtraction 13" d="M11.562,27.242h0a13.706,13.706,0,1,1,4.285,0V17.665h3.192l.608-3.962h-3.8V11.132a1.97,1.97,0,0,1,2.193-2.139h1.767V5.621a21.247,21.247,0,0,0-3.068-.268h-.146c-3.15.06-5.03,2.053-5.03,5.331V13.7H8.083v3.962h3.479v9.576Z" transform="translate(0.5 0.5)" fill="#395196" stroke="rgba(0,0,0,0)" stroke-miterlimit="10" stroke-width="1"/> </svg> </a> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/topperlearningindia/" rel="nofollow noopener" class="soc-circle ic-insta" target="_blank" title="Instagram"> <svg width="28.408" height="28.408" viewBox="0 0 28.408 28.408"> <defs> <radialGradient id="radial-gradient" cx="0.389" cy="0.756" r="1.068" gradientTransform="matrix(-0.467, 0.884, -0.884, -0.467, 1.239, 0.766)" gradientUnits="objectBoundingBox"> <stop offset="0" stop-color="#fed473"/> <stop offset="0.264" stop-color="#f35c28"/> <stop offset="0.399" stop-color="#dc2f79"/> <stop offset="0.734" stop-color="#a036ba"/> <stop offset="1" stop-color="#5b56c8"/> </radialGradient> </defs> <path id="Subtraction_11" data-name="Subtraction 11" d="M13.7,27.408A13.7,13.7,0,0,1,4.014,4.014a13.7,13.7,0,0,1,19.38,19.38A13.615,13.615,0,0,1,13.7,27.408ZM10.5,5.651A4.831,4.831,0,0,0,5.67,10.477v6.415A4.831,4.831,0,0,0,10.5,21.718H16.91a4.832,4.832,0,0,0,4.827-4.826V10.477A4.832,4.832,0,0,0,16.91,5.651ZM16.91,20.208H10.5a3.319,3.319,0,0,1-3.315-3.316V10.477A3.318,3.318,0,0,1,10.5,7.163H16.91a3.318,3.318,0,0,1,3.316,3.314v6.415A3.319,3.319,0,0,1,16.91,20.208ZM13.77,9.728a3.956,3.956,0,1,0,3.956,3.957A3.962,3.962,0,0,0,13.77,9.728ZM17.958,8.52a.942.942,0,1,0,.941.941A.943.943,0,0,0,17.958,8.52Zm-4.188,7.7A2.535,2.535,0,1,1,16.3,13.685,2.538,2.538,0,0,1,13.77,16.22Z" transform="translate(0.5 0.5)" stroke="rgba(0,0,0,0)" stroke-miterlimit="10" stroke-width="1" fill="url(#radial-gradient)"/> </svg> </a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/topperlearning" rel="nofollow noopener" class="soc-circle ic-ytube" target="_blank" title="YouTube"> <svg width="28.408" height="28.408" viewBox="0 0 28.408 28.408"> <path id="Subtraction_12" data-name="Subtraction 12" d="M13.7,27.408A13.7,13.7,0,0,1,4.014,4.014a13.7,13.7,0,0,1,19.38,19.38A13.615,13.615,0,0,1,13.7,27.408ZM9.336,8.42a3.294,3.294,0,0,0-3.29,3.29v3.916a3.3,3.3,0,0,0,3.29,3.291h8.415a3.3,3.3,0,0,0,3.29-3.291V11.711a3.294,3.294,0,0,0-3.29-3.29Zm2.834,7.436h0c-.2,0-.5-.093-.5-.222V11.8c0-.134.3-.222.5-.222a.329.329,0,0,1,.157.03l3.612,1.966a.422.422,0,0,1,.22.29.108.108,0,0,1-.062.1l-3.773,1.867A.331.331,0,0,1,12.169,15.856Z" transform="translate(0.5 0.5)" fill="#d40c18" stroke="rgba(0,0,0,0)" stroke-miterlimit="10" stroke-width="1"/> </svg> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="ftr-other-links"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/about-us">About Us</a> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/contact-us">Contact Us</a> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/topper-in-press">Topper In Press</a> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/terms-and-conditions">Terms and Conditions</a> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/privacy-policy">Privacy Policy</a> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/careers">Careers</a> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/testimonials">Testimonials</a> </div> </div> <!-- <div id="toppertv" class="ftr-right"> <h2 class="ftr-heading"><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/topper-tv" >Topper TV</a></h2> <ul class="ftr-links"> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/topper-tv/schedule">Schedule</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/topper-tv/subscribe-main">Subscribe</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/topper-tv/shows">Shows</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/kid-company">KID Company</a></li> </ul> </div> --> </div> </div> <div class="footer-network-sites"> <div id="nw18sites" class="max-container sites-wrap"> <div class="company-ttl">NETWORK18 SITES</div> <ul> <li><a href="https://hindi.news18.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">News18 India</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.news18.com/cricketnext/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">CricketNext</a></li> <li><a href="https://bengali.news18.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Bangla News</a></li> <li><a href="https://gujarati.news18.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Gujarati News</a></li> <li><a href="https://urdu.news18.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Urdu News</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.firstpost.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Firstpost</a></li> <li><a href="https://lokmat.news18.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Marathi News</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.moneycontrol.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Moneycontrol</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.compareindia.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Compare India</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.historyindia.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">History</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.mtvindia.com/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">India MTV</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="copyright-wrap"> <div class="max-container copy-cont-wrap"> <div class="copy-columns"> <div class="logos"> <a href="https://www.nw18.com/home" rel="noopener" class="nw18-logo"><img loading="lazy" src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/nw18-logo.png" alt="Network18" title="Network18" width="95" height="23"></a> <a href="https://www.news18.com" rel="noopener" ><img loading="lazy" src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/news18-logo.png" alt="News18" title="News18" width="68" height="32"></a> </div> <div id="copyText" class="copy-text">Copyright Notice © 2024 Greycells18 Media Limited and its licensors. All rights reserved.</div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <!-- Footer Section --> <div id="stickyBanner"> <!-- <img src="https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/simgad/4662794619164260497" alt=""> --> <script> if(showAds){ googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.defineSlot('/1039154/TOPLRN_ENG_MWEB/TOPLRN_ENG_MWEB_BOARD/TOPLRN_ENG_MWEB_BOARD_AS/TOPLRN_ENG_MWEB_ROS_BRD_AS_FBN_320', [[375,50],[360,50],[320,50],[300,50]], '6743300b5cb63') .setCollapseEmptyDiv(true) .addService(googletag.pubads()); }); } </script> <div class="ad-banner" style=""> <div id="6743300b5cb63"> <script> if(showAds){ googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('6743300b5cb63'); }); } </script> </div> </div> </div> <!-- BEGIN nav --> <div id="bottomNav" class="bottom-nav"> <div class="bottom-links"> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10"><i><svg width="23.59" height="23.783" viewBox="0 0 23.59 23.783"><g id="my-class" transform="translate(-475.7 -428.05)"><path id="Path_192" data-name="Path 192" d="M599.368,476.368a.747.747,0,0,0-.218.537v.252a.719.719,0,0,0,.218.529.733.733,0,0,0,.537.227.774.774,0,0,0,.755-.755V476.9a.732.732,0,0,0-.227-.537.719.719,0,0,0-.529-.218.747.747,0,0,0-.537.218" transform="translate(-102.738 -40.03)" fill="#006fb9"/><path id="Path_193" data-name="Path 193" d="M497.922,440.768v.747a.775.775,0,0,1-.738.755h.512a.074.074,0,0,1,.084.084v1.326a.074.074,0,0,1-.084.084H483.938a.739.739,0,0,0-.109,0h-6.535a.074.074,0,0,1-.084-.084v-1.326a.074.074,0,0,1,.084-.084h12.9a.76.76,0,0,1-.73-.755v-.755h-10.5V429.644a.074.074,0,0,1,.084-.084h17.281a.074.074,0,0,1,.084.084v5.075a.719.719,0,0,0,.218.529.733.733,0,0,0,.537.227.774.774,0,0,0,.755-.755v-5.075a1.409,1.409,0,0,0-1.594-1.594H479.047a1.409,1.409,0,0,0-1.594,1.594v11.115h-.159a1.409,1.409,0,0,0-1.594,1.594v1.326a1.409,1.409,0,0,0,1.594,1.594h2.492l-1.879,5.562a.733.733,0,0,0-.008.47.78.78,0,0,0,.721.529h3.146a.725.725,0,0,0,.445-.151.685.685,0,0,0,.268-.369l1.963-6.04H491.1l1.963,6.04a.788.788,0,0,0,.721.52h3.146a.751.751,0,0,0,.713-1l-1.879-5.562H497.7a1.409,1.409,0,0,0,1.594-1.594v-1.326A1.377,1.377,0,0,0,497.922,440.768Zm-16.711,9.555h-1.544l1.711-5.05h1.476Zm14.664,0h-1.544l-1.644-5.05h1.477Z" transform="translate(0)" fill="#006fb9"/><path id="Path_194" data-name="Path 194" d="M502.205,476.45a.745.745,0,0,0-.755.755.719.719,0,0,0,.218.529.733.733,0,0,0,.537.227h4.522a.774.774,0,0,0,.755-.755.733.733,0,0,0-.227-.537.719.719,0,0,0-.529-.218h-4.522" transform="translate(-21.43 -40.279)" fill="#f16911"/><path id="Path_195" data-name="Path 195" d="M512.792,462.66a.774.774,0,0,0,.755-.755.733.733,0,0,0-.227-.537.719.719,0,0,0-.529-.218H502.205a.745.745,0,0,0-.755.755.719.719,0,0,0,.218.529.733.733,0,0,0,.537.227h10.587" transform="translate(-21.43 -27.547)" fill="#f16911"/><path id="Path_196" data-name="Path 196" d="M516.282,447.784a.705.705,0,0,0,.227-.529.732.732,0,0,0-.227-.537.719.719,0,0,0-.529-.218H502.205a.745.745,0,0,0-.755.755.719.719,0,0,0,.218.529.733.733,0,0,0,.537.227h13.548a.706.706,0,0,0,.529-.227" transform="translate(-21.43 -15.354)" fill="#f16911"/><path id="Path_197" data-name="Path 197" d="M565.98,491.268a.72.72,0,0,0-.529-.218h-6.946a.745.745,0,0,0-.755.755v2.139a.719.719,0,0,0,.218.529.726.726,0,0,0,.512.227h6.988a.775.775,0,0,0,.738-.755V491.8A.733.733,0,0,0,565.98,491.268Zm-1.284,1.921H559.26v-.629H564.7Z" transform="translate(-68.284 -52.43)" fill="#f16911"/></g></svg></i> My Class</a> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-videos"><i><svg width="24.559" height="24.033" viewBox="0 0 24.559 24.033"> <g id="videos" transform="translate(-1124.45 -432.25)"><path id="Path_198" data-name="Path 198" d="M1136.44,549.478a.752.752,0,0,0-.553-.228h-9.648a.779.779,0,0,0-.789.789.753.753,0,0,0,.228.553.766.766,0,0,0,.561.237h9.648a.809.809,0,0,0,.789-.789.767.767,0,0,0-.237-.561" transform="translate(-0.825 -96.476)" fill="#006fb9"/><path id="Path_199" data-name="Path 199" d="M1202.678,550.592a.766.766,0,0,0,.561.237h9.122a.809.809,0,0,0,.789-.789.766.766,0,0,0-.237-.561.752.752,0,0,0-.553-.228h-9.122a.779.779,0,0,0-.789.789.752.752,0,0,0,.228.553" transform="translate(-64.317 -96.476)" fill="#006fb9"/><path id="Path_200" data-name="Path 200" d="M1256.239,489.3a.779.779,0,0,0-.789.789v.64a.752.752,0,0,0,.228.553.766.766,0,0,0,.561.237.809.809,0,0,0,.789-.789v-.64a.765.765,0,0,0-.237-.561.752.752,0,0,0-.553-.228" transform="translate(-108.02 -47.042)" fill="#006fb9"/> <path id="Path_201" data-name="Path 201" d="M1147.343,433.829a.078.078,0,0,1,.088.088v6.876a.752.752,0,0,0,.228.553.766.766,0,0,0,.561.237.809.809,0,0,0,.789-.789v-6.876a1.473,1.473,0,0,0-1.666-1.667h-21.226a1.473,1.473,0,0,0-1.667,1.667v13.157a1.473,1.473,0,0,0,1.667,1.666h21.226a1.473,1.473,0,0,0,1.666-1.666V446.2a.766.766,0,0,0-.237-.561.752.752,0,0,0-.553-.228.779.779,0,0,0-.789.789v.877a.077.077,0,0,1-.088.088h-21.226a.078.078,0,0,1-.088-.088V433.917a.078.078,0,0,1,.088-.088h21.226" fill="#006fb9"/><path id="Path_202" data-name="Path 202" d="M1185.828,458.706a.778.778,0,0,0-.307-.4l-4.543-3.1a.794.794,0,0,0-.544-.132.807.807,0,0,0-.491.263.793.793,0,0,0-.193.526v6.192a.785.785,0,0,0,.684.781.737.737,0,0,0,.544-.132l4.543-3.1a.735.735,0,0,0,.307-.4A.722.722,0,0,0,1185.828,458.706Zm-4.5,1.851v-3.2l2.351,1.605Z" transform="translate(-45.599 -18.816)" fill="#f16911"/> <g id="Group_1369" data-name="Group 1369" transform="translate(1134.274 450.845)"> <g id="Group_1368" data-name="Group 1368" transform="translate(0 0)"> <g id="Group_1367" data-name="Group 1367"> <g id="Symbol_21_0_Layer0_0_FILL" data-name="Symbol 2 0 Layer0 0 FILL"> <path id="Path_203" data-name="Path 203" d="M1185.888,540.969a2.723,2.723,0,0,0-4.64-1.93l-.009.009a2.638,2.638,0,0,0-.789,1.921,2.71,2.71,0,0,0,4.631,1.921l.009-.009a2.593,2.593,0,0,0,.8-1.912m-1.921-.816a1.117,1.117,0,0,1,.342.816,1.079,1.079,0,0,1-.333.8l-.009.009a1.08,1.08,0,0,1-.8.333,1.119,1.119,0,0,1-.816-.342,1.083,1.083,0,0,1-.324-.8,1.121,1.121,0,0,1,.324-.807l.009-.009a1.121,1.121,0,0,1,.807-.325A1.083,1.083,0,0,1,1183.967,540.153Z" transform="translate(-1180.45 -538.25)" fill="#f16911"/> </g> </g> </g> </g> </g> </svg></i> Videos</a> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/test-cbse-class-10"><i><svg width="23.399" height="23.783" viewBox="0 0 23.399 23.783"> <g id="tests" transform="translate(-261.2 -430.45)"><path id="Path_204" data-name="Path 204" d="M262.772,432.109a.077.077,0,0,1,.087-.087H282.94a.077.077,0,0,1,.087.087v14.249a.749.749,0,0,0,.227.55.763.763,0,0,0,.559.236.806.806,0,0,0,.786-.786V432.109a1.466,1.466,0,0,0-1.659-1.659H262.859a1.466,1.466,0,0,0-1.659,1.659v20.465a1.466,1.466,0,0,0,1.659,1.659H282.94a1.466,1.466,0,0,0,1.659-1.659v-.829a.763.763,0,0,0-.236-.559.749.749,0,0,0-.55-.227.775.775,0,0,0-.786.786v.829a.077.077,0,0,1-.087.087H262.859a.077.077,0,0,1-.087-.087V432.109" transform="translate(0 0)" fill="#006fb9"/> <path id="Path_205" data-name="Path 205" d="M386.2,532.347a.748.748,0,0,0,.227.55.762.762,0,0,0,.559.236.806.806,0,0,0,.786-.786v-.611a.763.763,0,0,0-.236-.559.749.749,0,0,0-.55-.227.775.775,0,0,0-.786.786v.611" transform="translate(-103.173 -82.951)" fill="#006fb9"/><path id="Path_206" data-name="Path 206" d="M351.154,517.047a.754.754,0,0,0-.559.21l-2.226,2.06-.917-.961a.763.763,0,0,0-.55-.244.784.784,0,0,0-.585,1.327l1.449,1.519a.78.78,0,0,0,1.1.035l2.794-2.584a.766.766,0,0,0,.253-.55.75.75,0,0,0-.209-.559.763.763,0,0,0-.55-.253" transform="translate(-70.074 -71.476)" fill="#f16911"/><path id="Path_207" data-name="Path 207" d="M352.665,454.857a.766.766,0,0,0-.568-.21.79.79,0,0,0-.751.812.765.765,0,0,0,.253.55l.777.716-.777.716a.787.787,0,0,0,.5,1.362.766.766,0,0,0,.568-.21l.864-.8.864.8a.755.755,0,0,0,.559.21.784.784,0,0,0,.506-1.362l-.777-.716.777-.716a.766.766,0,0,0,.253-.55.75.75,0,0,0-.21-.559.763.763,0,0,0-.55-.253.755.755,0,0,0-.559.21l-.864.794-.864-.794" transform="translate(-74.405 -19.972)" fill="#f16911"/><path id="Path_208" data-name="Path 208" d="M279.4,508.536a.748.748,0,0,0,.227.55.763.763,0,0,0,.559.236h8.862a.806.806,0,0,0,.786-.786.762.762,0,0,0-.236-.559.748.748,0,0,0-.55-.227h-8.862a.775.775,0,0,0-.786.786" transform="translate(-15.022 -63.802)" fill="#006fb9"/><path id="Path_209" data-name="Path 209" d="M279.4,521.986a.748.748,0,0,0,.227.55.762.762,0,0,0,.559.236h7.046a.806.806,0,0,0,.786-.786.762.762,0,0,0-.236-.559.748.748,0,0,0-.55-.227h-7.046a.775.775,0,0,0-.786.786" transform="translate(-15.022 -74.904)" fill="#006fb9"/><path id="Path_210" data-name="Path 210" d="M285.442,535.527a.749.749,0,0,0-.55-.227h-4.706a.775.775,0,0,0-.786.786.749.749,0,0,0,.227.55.763.763,0,0,0,.559.236h4.706a.806.806,0,0,0,.786-.786.763.763,0,0,0-.236-.559" transform="translate(-15.022 -86.541)" fill="#006fb9"/> <path id="Path_211" data-name="Path 211" d="M279.4,454.686a.749.749,0,0,0,.227.55.762.762,0,0,0,.559.236h8.862a.806.806,0,0,0,.786-.786.762.762,0,0,0-.236-.559.748.748,0,0,0-.55-.227h-8.862a.775.775,0,0,0-.786.786" transform="translate(-15.022 -19.355)" fill="#006fb9"/> <path id="Path_212" data-name="Path 212" d="M279.4,468.136a.749.749,0,0,0,.227.55.763.763,0,0,0,.559.236h7.369a.806.806,0,0,0,.786-.786.763.763,0,0,0-.236-.559.749.749,0,0,0-.55-.227h-7.369a.775.775,0,0,0-.786.786" transform="translate(-15.022 -30.457)" fill="#006fb9"/> <path id="Path_213" data-name="Path 213" d="M279.4,482.236a.749.749,0,0,0,.227.55.763.763,0,0,0,.559.236h4.706a.806.806,0,0,0,.786-.786.763.763,0,0,0-.236-.559.749.749,0,0,0-.55-.227h-4.706a.775.775,0,0,0-.786.786" transform="translate(-15.022 -42.094)" fill="#006fb9"/> </g></svg></i> Tests</a> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/package/cbse-class-10"><i><svg width="31" height="24" viewBox="0 0 31 24"><g id="Group_1959" data-name="Group 1959" transform="translate(0 0)"><g id="Rectangle_637" data-name="Rectangle 637" transform="translate(8 0)" fill="none" stroke="#006fb9" stroke-width="1.8"><rect width="15" height="24" rx="3" stroke="none"/><rect x="0.9" y="0.9" width="13.2" height="22.2" rx="2.1" fill="none"/> </g><g id="Rectangle_638" data-name="Rectangle 638" transform="translate(21 1)" fill="none" stroke="#006fb9" stroke-width="1.8"><path d="M0,0H7a3,3,0,0,1,3,3V19a3,3,0,0,1-3,3H0a0,0,0,0,1,0,0V0A0,0,0,0,1,0,0Z" stroke="none"/> <path d="M.9.9H7A2.1,2.1,0,0,1,9.1,3V19A2.1,2.1,0,0,1,7,21.1H.9a0,0,0,0,1,0,0V.9A0,0,0,0,1,.9.9Z" fill="none"/></g><g id="Rectangle_639" data-name="Rectangle 639" transform="translate(0 1)" fill="none" stroke="#006fb9" stroke-width="1.8"><path d="M3,0h7a0,0,0,0,1,0,0V22a0,0,0,0,1,0,0H3a3,3,0,0,1-3-3V3A3,3,0,0,1,3,0Z" stroke="none"/> <path d="M3,.9H9.1a0,0,0,0,1,0,0V21.1a0,0,0,0,1,0,0H3A2.1,2.1,0,0,1,.9,19V3A2.1,2.1,0,0,1,3,.9Z" fill="none"/></g><circle id="Ellipse_116" data-name="Ellipse 116" cx="1.5" cy="1.5" r="1.5" transform="translate(24 10)" fill="#f16911"/><circle id="Ellipse_117" data-name="Ellipse 117" cx="1.5" cy="1.5" r="1.5" transform="translate(4 10)" fill="#f16911"/><text id="_" data-name="₹" transform="translate(16 17)" fill="#f1691f" font-size="14" font-family="Helvetica"><tspan x="-3.637" y="0">₹</tspan></text></g></svg></i> Plans</a> <a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10-answer"><i><svg width="26.593" height="24.213" viewBox="0 0 26.593 24.213"> <g id="ask-doubts" transform="translate(-1552.6 -435.65)"><path id="Path_221" data-name="Path 221" d="M1591.4,525.246a.841.841,0,0,0-.246.606.81.81,0,0,0,.246.6.826.826,0,0,0,.606.255h.634a.873.873,0,0,0,.852-.852.826.826,0,0,0-.255-.606.812.812,0,0,0-.6-.246H1592a.842.842,0,0,0-.606.246" transform="translate(-31.254 -72.439)" fill="#006fb9"/><path id="Path_222" data-name="Path 222" d="M1554.3,438.016a.586.586,0,0,1,.662-.662h21.861a.585.585,0,0,1,.662.662V451.9a.585.585,0,0,1-.662.662h-5.442a.868.868,0,0,0-.52.17l-5.981,4.571-.047-3.9a.838.838,0,0,0-.265-.606.82.82,0,0,0-.606-.237.84.84,0,0,0-.833.861l.066,5.6a.813.813,0,0,0,.227.568.8.8,0,0,0,.549.265.785.785,0,0,0,.587-.17l7.107-5.423h5.157a2.091,2.091,0,0,0,2.366-2.366V438.016a2.091,2.091,0,0,0-2.366-2.366h-21.861a2.091,2.091,0,0,0-2.366,2.366V451.9a2.091,2.091,0,0,0,2.366,2.366h3.36a.873.873,0,0,0,.852-.852.825.825,0,0,0-.255-.606.811.811,0,0,0-.6-.246h-3.36a.586.586,0,0,1-.662-.662Z" transform="translate(0 0)" fill="#006fb9"/> <path id="Path_223" data-name="Path 223" d="M1618.1,510.078a.811.811,0,0,0,.246.6.826.826,0,0,0,.606.256.873.873,0,0,0,.852-.852v-.426a.827.827,0,0,0-.255-.606.811.811,0,0,0-.6-.246.84.84,0,0,0-.852.852v.426" transform="translate(-53.103 -59.305)" fill="#f16911"/> <path id="Path_224" data-name="Path 224" d="M1602.691,449.922c-.031.014-.063.026-.095.038l-.653.378a4.9,4.9,0,0,0-.568.473l-.009.01a4.442,4.442,0,0,0-.7.946.056.056,0,0,1-.009.028,3.365,3.365,0,0,0-.17.35,4.063,4.063,0,0,0-.293,1.268.828.828,0,0,0,.208.615.815.815,0,0,0,.587.284.791.791,0,0,0,.615-.208.808.808,0,0,0,.293-.577,2.242,2.242,0,0,1,.17-.738.13.13,0,0,0,.019-.047.693.693,0,0,0,.038-.095.221.221,0,0,0,.047-.076.151.151,0,0,0,.028-.047,3.1,3.1,0,0,1,.4-.511,2.7,2.7,0,0,1,.776-.53l.019-.009a2.369,2.369,0,0,1,.908-.17h.019a2.3,2.3,0,0,1,.9.17l.019.009a2.566,2.566,0,0,1,1.211,1.107c.013.018.026.034.038.047a.823.823,0,0,1,.038.1l.019.028a2.493,2.493,0,0,1,.18.965,2.311,2.311,0,0,1-.71,1.713l-.01.01a2.25,2.25,0,0,1-1.6.71.84.84,0,0,0-.823.852v2.337a.811.811,0,0,0,.246.6.827.827,0,0,0,.606.255.873.873,0,0,0,.852-.852v-1.59a3.9,3.9,0,0,0,1.94-1.117h-.01a3.955,3.955,0,0,0,1.211-2.915,4.26,4.26,0,0,0-.312-1.618l.009.028a2.243,2.243,0,0,0-.18-.379.028.028,0,0,0-.01-.009,3.756,3.756,0,0,0-.7-.946,4.271,4.271,0,0,0-.587-.492l-.634-.36a.411.411,0,0,1-.057-.028l-.057-.019-.038-.019a4.048,4.048,0,0,0-1.542-.293h-.019a4.051,4.051,0,0,0-1.543.293Z" transform="translate(-38.583 -11.31)" fill="#f16911"/> </g></svg></i> Ask a Doubt</a> </div> </div> <!-- END nav --> <!--Enroll Section--> <script> window.addEventListener('scroll', function() { document.getElementById('hbar-stdpack').style.display = "block"; }, { once: true }); </script> <!--Enroll Section--> <!-- Get in touch popup --> <div class="popup-overlay" id="getinModal"> <div class="modal-class"> <div class="close" onclick="popclose('getinModal');"> <svg height="24" width="24" fill="#707070"><path d="M6.4 19 5 17.6 10.6 12 5 6.4 6.4 5 12 10.6 17.6 5 19 6.4 13.4 12 19 17.6 17.6 19 12 13.4Z"></path></svg> </div> <div class="modal-title-main-div"> <h3 class="modal-title-main"> Get in Touch </h3> </div> <!-- <div class="call-wrap"> <div class="cont-call"> <a rel="noopener" target="_blank" href="https://wa.me/919321924448" class="whatsapp-icon"> <svg width="29" height="29" viewBox="0 0 47 47"> <circle id="Ellipse_721" data-name="Ellipse 69" cx="23.5" cy="23.5" r="23.5" fill="#ff9140"></circle> <g id="Group_14711" data-name="Group 14711" transform="translate(12 11.368)"> <g id="Group_14801" data-name="Group 14801"> <g id="Layer2_01_FILL" data-name="Layer2 01 FILL"> <path id="Path_3651" data-name="Path 353" d="M967.963,344.975a.984.984,0,0,0-.7.255l-3.361,3.05a1.115,1.115,0,0,0-.255.377,4.222,4.222,0,0,0,.422,4.1q4.351,9.827,15.073,15.34l.011.011a6,6,0,0,0,4.381.466.937.937,0,0,0,.532-.266l3.061-3.039a.962.962,0,0,0,.3-.71.973.973,0,0,0-.288-.71l-5.324-5.357a1.019,1.019,0,0,0-1.409-.011l-2.052,1.963a16.423,16.423,0,0,1-6.755-6.788l1.985-2.019a.95.95,0,0,0,.288-.7.986.986,0,0,0-.288-.71l-4.936-4.969a.981.981,0,0,0-.688-.288m-2.529,4.614,2.462-2.241,3.572,3.594-1.808,1.83a1.008,1.008,0,0,0-.277.555.966.966,0,0,0,.1.61,18.317,18.317,0,0,0,8.64,8.618.932.932,0,0,0,.588.078.92.92,0,0,0,.521-.255l1.852-1.775,3.926,3.949-2.13,2.119a4.314,4.314,0,0,1-2.684-.266l-.067-.033q-10.169-5.208-14.275-14.5a1.045,1.045,0,0,0-.089-.177A2.334,2.334,0,0,1,965.434,349.589Z" transform="translate(-963.306 -344.974)" fill="#fff"></path> </g> </g> </g> </svg> <img src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/images/pop-ic-whatsapp.png" loading="lazy" alt="Whatsapp" width="19" height="19" class="ic-wts"> </a> </div> <h4>Call / Whats App</h4> </div> --> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row-wrap"> <div class="ic-wrap"> <svg width="47" height="47" viewBox="0 0 47 47"> <g id="courseware-plans" transform="translate(2.567 -40)"> <g id="Ellipse_67" data-name="Ellipse 67" transform="translate(-2.567 40)" fill="none" stroke="#006fb9" stroke-width="1.5"> <circle cx="23.5" cy="23.5" r="23.5" stroke="none"/> <circle cx="23.5" cy="23.5" r="22.75" fill="none"/> </g> <g id="Group_1467" data-name="Group 1467" transform="translate(-89 -133.579)"> <g id="Group_1466" data-name="Group 1466" transform="translate(96.432 185.578)"> <path id="Path_341" data-name="Path 341" d="M1271.586,345.426H1249.87a2.009,2.009,0,0,0-2.27,2.281v14.1a2.006,2.006,0,0,0,2.27,2.27h21.716a2.006,2.006,0,0,0,2.27-2.27v-14.1A2.009,2.009,0,0,0,1271.586,345.426Zm.286,16.384a.253.253,0,0,1-.286.286H1249.87a.253.253,0,0,1-.286-.286v-14.1a.26.26,0,0,1,.286-.3h21.716a.26.26,0,0,1,.286.3Z" transform="translate(-1247.6 -345.426)" fill="#006fba"/> <path id="Path_342" data-name="Path 342" d="M1292.954,443.712a.944.944,0,0,0-.694-.286h-8.969a.978.978,0,0,0-.992.992.944.944,0,0,0,.286.694.964.964,0,0,0,.705.3h8.969a1.017,1.017,0,0,0,.992-.992.962.962,0,0,0-.3-.705" transform="translate(-1274.654 -421.831)" fill="#006fba"/> <path id="Path_343" data-name="Path 343" d="M1299.19,432.112a.944.944,0,0,0-.694-.286h-4.055a.978.978,0,0,0-.992.992.945.945,0,0,0,.286.694.964.964,0,0,0,.705.3h4.055a1.017,1.017,0,0,0,.992-.992.962.962,0,0,0-.3-.705" transform="translate(-1283.346 -412.787)" fill="#006fba"/> <path id="Path_344" data-name="Path 344" d="M1288.287,400.012a.964.964,0,0,0,.705.3h10.07a1.017,1.017,0,0,0,.992-.992.962.962,0,0,0-.3-.705.944.944,0,0,0-.694-.286h-10.07a.979.979,0,0,0-.992.992.945.945,0,0,0,.287.694" transform="translate(-1279.097 -386.669)" fill="#f16912"/> <path id="Path_345" data-name="Path 345" d="M1273.319,400.309a1.017,1.017,0,0,0,.992-.992.961.961,0,0,0-.3-.705.944.944,0,0,0-.694-.286h-.727a.978.978,0,0,0-.992.992.945.945,0,0,0,.286.694.964.964,0,0,0,.705.3h.727" transform="translate(-1266.311 -386.669)" fill="#f16912"/> <path id="Path_346" data-name="Path 346" d="M1274.013,383.112a.944.944,0,0,0-.694-.286h-.727a.978.978,0,0,0-.992.992.945.945,0,0,0,.286.694.964.964,0,0,0,.705.3h.727a1.017,1.017,0,0,0,.992-.992.962.962,0,0,0-.3-.705" transform="translate(-1266.311 -374.585)" fill="#f16912"/> <path id="Path_347" data-name="Path 347" d="M1288.992,382.826a.979.979,0,0,0-.992.992.945.945,0,0,0,.287.694.963.963,0,0,0,.705.3h10.07a1.017,1.017,0,0,0,.992-.992.962.962,0,0,0-.3-.705.944.944,0,0,0-.694-.286h-10.07" transform="translate(-1279.097 -374.585)" fill="#f16912"/> <path id="Path_348" data-name="Path 348" d="M1288.992,367.326a.979.979,0,0,0-.992.992.945.945,0,0,0,.287.694.964.964,0,0,0,.705.3h10.07a1.017,1.017,0,0,0,.992-.992.962.962,0,0,0-.3-.705.944.944,0,0,0-.694-.286h-10.07" transform="translate(-1279.097 -362.5)" fill="#f16912"/> <path id="Path_349" data-name="Path 349" d="M1274.013,367.612a.944.944,0,0,0-.694-.286h-.727a.978.978,0,0,0-.992.992.945.945,0,0,0,.286.694.964.964,0,0,0,.705.3h.727a1.017,1.017,0,0,0,.992-.992.961.961,0,0,0-.3-.705" transform="translate(-1266.311 -362.5)" fill="#f16912"/> </g> </g> </g> </svg> </div> <div class="get-cont"> <span>For Study Material Plans</span> <br>9AM - 9PM IST (All days) </div> </div> <div class="row-wrap"> <div class="ic-wrap"><svg width="47" height="47" viewBox="0 0 47 47"> <g id="For_Support-Grievances" data-name="For Support-Grievances" transform="translate(2.567 -130)"> <g id="Ellipse_68" data-name="Ellipse 68" transform="translate(-2.567 130)" fill="none" stroke="#006fb9" stroke-width="1.5"> <circle cx="23.5" cy="23.5" r="23.5" stroke="none"/> <circle cx="23.5" cy="23.5" r="22.75" fill="none"/> </g> <g id="Group_1469" data-name="Group 1469" transform="translate(-94 -49)"> <g id="Group_1468" data-name="Group 1468" transform="translate(104.433 189)"> <path id="Path_350" data-name="Path 350" d="M1145.75,352.467v-4.547a2.338,2.338,0,0,0-2.645-2.645h-11.461a2.338,2.338,0,0,0-2.645,2.645v21.662a2.338,2.338,0,0,0,2.645,2.645h11.461a2.338,2.338,0,0,0,2.645-2.645v-3.212l-.34.34V366.7l-1.927,1.94v.945a.334.334,0,0,1-.378.378h-11.461a.334.334,0,0,1-.378-.378V347.921a.334.334,0,0,1,.378-.378h.63v.5a2.338,2.338,0,0,0,2.645,2.645h5.038a2.338,2.338,0,0,0,2.645-2.645v-.5h.5a.334.334,0,0,1,.378.378v4.547Zm-5.416-4.421a.334.334,0,0,1-.378.378h-5.038a.334.334,0,0,1-.378-.378v-.5h5.793Z" transform="translate(-1129 -345.276)" fill="#006fba"/> <path id="Path_351" data-name="Path 351" d="M1170.441,373.826H1159.6a2.649,2.649,0,0,0-3,3v6.511q0,2.985,3,2.985h2.116v3.363a1.08,1.08,0,0,0,.328.793,1.1,1.1,0,0,0,.806.34,1.061,1.061,0,0,0,.793-.34l.491-.479,1.927-1.94v.013l.34-.34,1.411-1.411h2.632a2.638,2.638,0,0,0,2.985-2.985v-6.511Q1173.426,373.822,1170.441,373.826Zm.718,9.509a.635.635,0,0,1-.718.718h-3.1a1.122,1.122,0,0,0-.806.327l-2.078,2.078-.479.491v-1.763a1.1,1.1,0,0,0-.34-.806,1.079,1.079,0,0,0-.793-.327H1159.6a.642.642,0,0,1-.73-.718v-6.511a.646.646,0,0,1,.73-.73h10.844a.642.642,0,0,1,.718.73Z" transform="translate(-1149.648 -366.635)" fill="#f16912"/> </g> </g> </g> </svg> </div> <div class="get-cont"> <span>For Support / Grievances</span> <br>9AM - 9PM IST (Mon to Sat) </div> </div> <div class="row-wrap"> <div class="ic-wrap"> <svg width="47" height="47" viewBox="0 0 47 47"> <g id="Request_Call_Back" data-name="Request Call Back" transform="translate(2.567 -218)"> <g id="Ellipse_69" data-name="Ellipse 69" transform="translate(-2.567 218)" fill="none" stroke="#006fb9" stroke-width="1.5"> <circle cx="23.5" cy="23.5" r="23.5" stroke="none"/> <circle cx="23.5" cy="23.5" r="22.75" fill="none"/> </g> <g id="Group_1472" data-name="Group 1471" transform="translate(-89 41.368)"> <g id="Group_1478" data-name="Group 1470" transform="translate(96.433 189)"> <g id="Layer2_1_FILL" data-name="Layer2 0 FILL"> <path id="Path_352" data-name="Path 352" d="M1029.177,348.859l.954-1a1,1,0,1,0-1.442-1.375l-2.551,2.7-.011.011a.04.04,0,0,1-.022.011.036.036,0,0,1-.011.022.979.979,0,0,0-.233.477.151.151,0,0,1,0,.033l-.011.133v.011c0,.009,0,.017,0,.022a.966.966,0,0,0,.3.688l.011.011,2.64,2.6a.956.956,0,0,0,.7.288.974.974,0,0,0,.71-.3.991.991,0,0,0-.011-1.409l-.932-.921,4.314-.022a.8.8,0,0,1,.9.909V356a.95.95,0,0,0,.288.7.97.97,0,0,0,.71.3,1.023,1.023,0,0,0,1-1v-4.259a2.562,2.562,0,0,0-2.895-2.906Z" transform="translate(-1011.975 -345.908)" fill="#f16912"/> <path id="Path_353" data-name="Path 353" d="M967.963,344.975a.984.984,0,0,0-.7.255l-3.361,3.05a1.115,1.115,0,0,0-.255.377,4.222,4.222,0,0,0,.422,4.1q4.351,9.827,15.073,15.34l.011.011a6,6,0,0,0,4.381.466.937.937,0,0,0,.532-.266l3.061-3.039a.962.962,0,0,0,.3-.71.973.973,0,0,0-.288-.71l-5.324-5.357a1.019,1.019,0,0,0-1.409-.011l-2.052,1.963a16.423,16.423,0,0,1-6.755-6.788l1.985-2.019a.95.95,0,0,0,.288-.7.986.986,0,0,0-.288-.71l-4.936-4.969a.981.981,0,0,0-.688-.288m-2.529,4.614,2.462-2.241,3.572,3.594-1.808,1.83a1.008,1.008,0,0,0-.277.555.966.966,0,0,0,.1.61,18.317,18.317,0,0,0,8.64,8.618.932.932,0,0,0,.588.078.92.92,0,0,0,.521-.255l1.852-1.775,3.926,3.949-2.13,2.119a4.314,4.314,0,0,1-2.684-.266l-.067-.033q-10.169-5.208-14.275-14.5a1.045,1.045,0,0,0-.089-.177A2.334,2.334,0,0,1,965.434,349.589Z" transform="translate(-963.306 -344.974)" fill="#006fba"/> </g> </g> </g> </g> </svg> </div> <div class="get-cont"> <span>Request Call Back </span> <div class="form-group"> <form onsubmit="requestCallBack(this);return false;"> <input type="text" name="phone_number" placeholder="Enter mobile number" class="inputbox" required> <input type="hidden" name="url" value="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10"> <button type="submit" class="blue-btn btn-submit">Submit</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row-wrap"> <div class="ic-wrap"> <svg width="47" height="47" viewBox="0 0 47 47"> <g id="write-to-us" transform="translate(2.567 -290)"> <g id="Ellipse_70" data-name="Ellipse 70" transform="translate(-2.567 290)" fill="none" stroke="#006fb9" stroke-width="1.5"> <circle cx="23.5" cy="23.5" r="23.5" stroke="none"/> <circle cx="23.5" cy="23.5" r="22.75" fill="none"/> </g> <g id="Group_1473" data-name="Group 1473" transform="translate(-87.278 111.182)"> <g id="Group_1474" data-name="Group 1472" transform="translate(96.433 189)"> <path id="Path_354" data-name="Path 354" d="M844.462,356.147h0a1.385,1.385,0,0,1,.262-.023h10.833a1.05,1.05,0,0,0,1.024-1.024.994.994,0,0,0-.307-.728.975.975,0,0,0-.717-.3H844.724a3.157,3.157,0,0,0-.671.068q-2,.332-2,2.685v16.795q0,2.321,1.991,2.663a3.326,3.326,0,0,0,.683.068h16.84a2.414,2.414,0,0,0,2.731-2.731V363.384a.993.993,0,0,0-.307-.728.974.974,0,0,0-.717-.3,1.01,1.01,0,0,0-1.024,1.024v10.241a.6.6,0,0,1-.683.683h-16.84a1.422,1.422,0,0,1-.262-.023h0a.62.62,0,0,1-.364-.66V356.83q0-.542.364-.683" transform="translate(-842.05 -351.914)" fill="#006fba"/> <path id="Path_355" data-name="Path 355" d="M883.048,345.44a.059.059,0,0,1-.011-.011,2.607,2.607,0,0,0-1.934-.853,2.71,2.71,0,0,0-1.969.762l-12.937,12.3a1.14,1.14,0,0,0-.171.239l-2.31,4.938a.813.813,0,0,0-.057.467.773.773,0,0,0,.626.649.714.714,0,0,0,.467-.046l5.007-2.116a.664.664,0,0,0,.239-.159L882.945,349.3a2.644,2.644,0,0,0,.842-1.912v-.011A2.719,2.719,0,0,0,883.048,345.44Zm-.854,1.912a1.083,1.083,0,0,1-.353.8h.011l-12.835,12.209-2.981,1.252,1.377-2.924,12.824-12.2a1.16,1.16,0,0,1,.842-.319,1.073,1.073,0,0,1,.785.341l.011.011a1.207,1.207,0,0,1,.319.819Z" transform="translate(-858.732 -344.575)" fill="#f16912"/> </g> </g> </g> </svg> </div> <div class="get-cont"> <a class="org-btn" href="mailto:contactus.topperlearning@nw18.com" title="WRITE TO US">WRITE TO US</a> </div> </div> <div class="row-wrap"> <div class="ic-wrap"> <svg width="47" height="47" viewBox="0 0 47 47"> <g id="For_Franchisee_Enquiries" data-name="For Franchisee Enquiries" transform="translate(2.567 -349)"> <g id="Ellipse_71" data-name="Ellipse 71" transform="translate(-2.567 349)" fill="none" stroke="#006fb9" stroke-width="1.5"> <circle cx="23.5" cy="23.5" r="23.5" stroke="none"/> <circle cx="23.5" cy="23.5" r="22.75" fill="none"/> </g> <g id="Group_1475" data-name="Group 1475" transform="translate(-91.204 170.303)"> <g id="Group_1476" data-name="Group 1474" transform="translate(98.432 189)"> <path id="Path_356" data-name="Path 356" d="M715.259,433.288a1.157,1.157,0,0,0-.214-.3,2.774,2.774,0,0,0-.227-.252,3.013,3.013,0,0,0-1.3-.781,3.265,3.265,0,0,0-.87-.126h-.038a3.165,3.165,0,0,0-.857.113,3.068,3.068,0,0,0-1.361.794v.013a3.125,3.125,0,0,0,2.218,5.331,3.141,3.141,0,0,0,3.125-3.125A3.028,3.028,0,0,0,715.259,433.288Zm-1.689,2.621a1.28,1.28,0,0,1-.958.4,1.31,1.31,0,0,1-.958-.391l-.013-.013a1.318,1.318,0,0,1-.378-.958,1.36,1.36,0,0,1,.378-.97h.013a1.308,1.308,0,0,1,.958-.391h.025a1.3,1.3,0,0,1,.933.391.274.274,0,0,1,.05.063,1.749,1.749,0,0,0,.139.176,1.236,1.236,0,0,1,.214.731A1.28,1.28,0,0,1,713.571,435.909Z" transform="translate(-699.128 -411.082)" fill="#006fba"/> <path id="Path_357" data-name="Path 357" d="M743.893,420.732a2.953,2.953,0,0,0-2.205-.907h-.013a3.134,3.134,0,0,0-1.386.315,3.368,3.368,0,0,0-.643.441,1.168,1.168,0,0,0-.214.2,3.862,3.862,0,0,0-.441.555,3.131,3.131,0,0,0-.441,1.6v.013a3.138,3.138,0,0,0,2.407,3.025,1.206,1.206,0,0,0,.454.076c.058,0,.117,0,.176,0a.483.483,0,0,0,.088.013,2.98,2.98,0,0,0,2.218-.933h.013a2.975,2.975,0,0,0,.907-2.18A3.025,3.025,0,0,0,743.893,420.732Zm-1.248,3.151v.013a1.3,1.3,0,0,1-.958.4q-.126-.01-.252-.013l-.025-.013a1.388,1.388,0,0,1-1.1-1.311v-.013a1.392,1.392,0,0,1,.416-.97.311.311,0,0,0,.063-.063,1.283,1.283,0,0,1,.895-.328h.013a1.273,1.273,0,0,1,.945.391,1.319,1.319,0,0,1,.4.97A1.262,1.262,0,0,1,742.646,423.883Z" transform="translate(-720.856 -402.106)" fill="#006fba"/> <path id="Path_358" data-name="Path 358" d="M755.968,391.583a3.134,3.134,0,0,0-4.411,0v.013a3.06,3.06,0,0,0-.794,1.323,3.488,3.488,0,0,0,0,1.764,3.063,3.063,0,0,0,.794,1.323,2.988,2.988,0,0,0,2.205.92,3.076,3.076,0,0,0,1.7-.492,1.145,1.145,0,0,0,.252-.2l.013-.013a1.409,1.409,0,0,0,.24-.214,2.985,2.985,0,0,0,.92-2.205A3.025,3.025,0,0,0,755.968,391.583Zm-1.248,3.176a.412.412,0,0,1-.088.088q-.054.044-.113.088l.038-.013-.038.025a1.293,1.293,0,0,1-.756.214,1.266,1.266,0,0,1-.945-.391l-.013-.013a1.3,1.3,0,0,1-.391-.945v-.038a1.331,1.331,0,0,1,.391-.945h.013a1.264,1.264,0,0,1,.945-.391,1.3,1.3,0,0,1,.958.391,1.32,1.32,0,0,1,.4.97A1.28,1.28,0,0,1,754.721,394.759Z" transform="translate(-729.906 -380.304)" fill="#006fba"/> <path id="Path_359" data-name="Path 359" d="M743.918,362.533a2.983,2.983,0,0,0-2.18-.907h-.013a3.012,3.012,0,0,0-2.231.907,2.98,2.98,0,0,0-.895,2.205v.013a3.126,3.126,0,0,0,.315,1.386,3.228,3.228,0,0,0,.479.693.819.819,0,0,0,.113.1l.013.013a3.265,3.265,0,0,0,.6.479,3.094,3.094,0,0,0,3.793-.479,2.916,2.916,0,0,0,.857-1.575v.05a1.206,1.206,0,0,0,.038-.4c.009-.046.018-.1.025-.151a.766.766,0,0,0,.013-.126A3,3,0,0,0,743.918,362.533Zm-.87,2.407v.113a1.42,1.42,0,0,1-1.323,1.046,1.342,1.342,0,0,1-.97-.416l-.088-.088a1.267,1.267,0,0,1-.3-.857v-.013a1.289,1.289,0,0,1,.378-.945,1.324,1.324,0,0,1,.97-.391h.013a1.29,1.29,0,0,1,.945.391,1.328,1.328,0,0,1,.416.907Q743.065,364.83,743.048,364.94Z" transform="translate(-720.893 -358.576)" fill="#006fba"/> <path id="Path_360" data-name="Path 360" d="M686.323,421.59a2.783,2.783,0,0,0-.454-.668v-.013a.03.03,0,0,1-.013-.013,1.208,1.208,0,0,0-.139-.151,3.051,3.051,0,0,0-.58-.466,2.93,2.93,0,0,0-1.6-.454h-.013a2.944,2.944,0,0,0-2.205.907l-.013.013a2.946,2.946,0,0,0-.907,2.205v.013a3.12,3.12,0,0,0,3.125,3.1h.013a3.033,3.033,0,0,0,2.193-.907.055.055,0,0,1,.013-.013,3.1,3.1,0,0,0,.844-1.55.249.249,0,0,0,.013-.088,1.587,1.587,0,0,0,.025-.265c.008-.086.012-.183.013-.29A2.973,2.973,0,0,0,686.323,421.59Zm-1.462,1.55c0,.03,0,.06,0,.088a.106.106,0,0,0,0,.013,1.447,1.447,0,0,1-.365.655l-.013.013a1.347,1.347,0,0,1-.958.391h-.013a1.355,1.355,0,0,1-1.348-1.348v-.013a1.25,1.25,0,0,1,.391-.945l.013-.013a1.249,1.249,0,0,1,.945-.391h.013a1.255,1.255,0,0,1,.933.391.27.27,0,0,1,.025.025c.022.028.043.053.063.076a1.246,1.246,0,0,1,.328.87A1.169,1.169,0,0,1,684.861,423.14Z" transform="translate(-677.362 -402.106)" fill="#006fba"/> <path id="Path_361" data-name="Path 361" d="M674.462,392.919a3.118,3.118,0,0,0-3-2.243,3.047,3.047,0,0,0-2.218.907v.013a3.127,3.127,0,0,0,3.882,4.852,1.167,1.167,0,0,0,.3-.214,1.988,1.988,0,0,0,.239-.227,2.9,2.9,0,0,0,.794-1.323,3.15,3.15,0,0,0,0-1.764Zm-1.638.895a1.283,1.283,0,0,1-.4.945.149.149,0,0,1-.05.05,1.744,1.744,0,0,0-.176.139,1.239,1.239,0,0,1-.731.214,1.31,1.31,0,0,1-.958-.391l-.013-.013a1.318,1.318,0,0,1-.378-.958,1.36,1.36,0,0,1,.378-.97h.013a1.361,1.361,0,0,1,2.319.945Z" transform="translate(-668.35 -380.304)" fill="#006fba"/> <path id="Path_362" data-name="Path 362" d="M685.706,362.545l-.013-.013a2.953,2.953,0,0,0-2.205-.907h-.013a3.04,3.04,0,0,0-2.205.907v.013a3.059,3.059,0,0,0-.92,2.18v.013a3,3,0,0,0,.92,2.205,3.06,3.06,0,0,0,1.575.87.24.24,0,0,0,.038.013,1.964,1.964,0,0,0,.3.025c.089.007.181.012.277.013h.013a2.938,2.938,0,0,0,1.361-.3,2.616,2.616,0,0,0,.567-.365.487.487,0,0,0,.164-.139.472.472,0,0,0,.1-.113,2.742,2.742,0,0,0,.466-.58,3.022,3.022,0,0,0,.466-1.613v-.013A3.019,3.019,0,0,0,685.706,362.545Zm-.87,2.193a1.323,1.323,0,0,1-.416.958.33.33,0,0,1-.063.076.058.058,0,0,1-.025.025,1.182,1.182,0,0,1-.844.3h-.013a1.076,1.076,0,0,1-.176-.013h-.1a1.435,1.435,0,0,1-.681-.391,1.32,1.32,0,0,1-.4-.945v-.013a1.419,1.419,0,0,1,.4-.958h.013a1.308,1.308,0,0,1,.958-.391h.013a1.283,1.283,0,0,1,.945.391,1.326,1.326,0,0,1,.391.945Z" transform="translate(-677.325 -358.575)" fill="#006fba"/> <path id="Path_363" data-name="Path 363" d="M715.259,350.988a1.157,1.157,0,0,0-.214-.3,2.774,2.774,0,0,0-.227-.252,3,3,0,0,0-2.205-.907,3.047,3.047,0,0,0-2.218.907v.013a3.165,3.165,0,0,0,0,4.411l.013.013a3,3,0,0,0,1.348.781,3.2,3.2,0,0,0,.857.113h.038a3.308,3.308,0,0,0,.87-.126,3.035,3.035,0,0,0,1.3-.769v-.013a2.985,2.985,0,0,0,.92-2.205A3.028,3.028,0,0,0,715.259,350.988Zm-1.676,2.621h-.013a1.31,1.31,0,0,1-.933.391h-.025a1.33,1.33,0,0,1-.958-.378l-.013-.013a1.328,1.328,0,0,1-.378-.958,1.36,1.36,0,0,1,.378-.97h.013a1.369,1.369,0,0,1,1.916,0,.273.273,0,0,1,.05.063,1.749,1.749,0,0,0,.139.176,1.236,1.236,0,0,1,.214.731A1.31,1.31,0,0,1,713.583,353.609Z" transform="translate(-699.128 -349.526)" fill="#006fba"/> <path id="Path_364" data-name="Path 364" d="M707.345,382.043a3.488,3.488,0,0,1,0-1.764h-3.289a3.847,3.847,0,0,0-.6-1.4.016.016,0,0,0,0-.013l2.268-2.357a3.267,3.267,0,0,1-.6-.479l-.013-.013a.819.819,0,0,1-.113-.1,3.228,3.228,0,0,1-.479-.693l-2.331,2.42a4.071,4.071,0,0,0-1.3-.529v-3.34a3.308,3.308,0,0,1-.87.126h-.038a3.205,3.205,0,0,1-.857-.113V377.1a4.051,4.051,0,0,0-1.475.618l-2.344-2.268a2.743,2.743,0,0,1-.466.58.47.47,0,0,1-.1.113.488.488,0,0,1-.164.139,2.617,2.617,0,0,1-.567.365l2.42,2.344a4.1,4.1,0,0,0-.529,1.285H692.6a3.152,3.152,0,0,1,0,1.764h3.277a3.99,3.99,0,0,0,.6,1.474l-2.218,2.319a3.053,3.053,0,0,1,.58.466,1.206,1.206,0,0,1,.139.151.03.03,0,0,0,.013.013v.013a2.784,2.784,0,0,1,.454.668l2.294-2.394a3.9,3.9,0,0,0,1.374.542v3.226a3.166,3.166,0,0,1,.857-.113h.038a3.266,3.266,0,0,1,.87.126v-3.251a3.747,3.747,0,0,0,1.437-.618l2.306,2.231a3.858,3.858,0,0,1,.441-.554,1.165,1.165,0,0,1,.214-.2,3.362,3.362,0,0,1,.643-.441l-2.382-2.294a3.918,3.918,0,0,0,.542-1.361Zm-5.457-.87v.025a1.828,1.828,0,0,1-.466,1.26l-.1.1a1.845,1.845,0,0,1-1.336.555h-.013a1.841,1.841,0,0,1-1.336-.542l-.025-.025a1.822,1.822,0,0,1-.542-1.348v-.038a1.79,1.79,0,0,1,.529-1.273.973.973,0,0,0,.113-.139,1.875,1.875,0,0,1,1.26-.454H700a1.9,1.9,0,0,1,1.285.5l.025.025.013.013a1.951,1.951,0,0,1,.176.2h.013c.021.045.042.087.063.126a1.72,1.72,0,0,1,.315,1Z" transform="translate(-686.488 -367.664)" fill="#f16912"/> </g> </g> </g> </svg> </div> <div class="get-cont"> <span>For Franchisee Enquiries</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- Get in touch popup --> <!-- School Popup --> <div class="popup-overlay" id="cbseModal"> <div class="modal-class"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="menu-content"> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-1">- Class 1</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-2">- Class 2</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-3">- Class 3</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-4">- Class 4</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-5">- Class 5</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-6">- Class 6</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-7">- Class 7</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-8">- Class 8</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-9">- Class 9</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10">- Class 10</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-science">- Class 11 Science</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-11-commerce">- Class 11 Commerce</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-science">- Class 12 Science</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-12-commerce">- Class 12 Commerce</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="popup-overlay" id="icseModal"> <div class="modal-class"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="menu-content"> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-1">- Class 1</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-2">- Class 2</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-3">- Class 3</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-4">- Class 4</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/junior-class-5">- Class 5</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-6">- Class 6</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-7">- Class 7</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-8">- Class 8</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-9">- Class 9</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.topperlearning.com/icse-class-10">- Class 10</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- School Popup --> <!-- Search Popup --> <div class="popup-overlay" id="searchModal"> <div class="modal-class"> <div class="search-wrap-mb"> <div class="gcse-search"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- Search Popup --> <input type="hidden" id="courseId" value="1"> <input type="hidden" id="boardId" value="101"> <input type="hidden" id="classId" value="2"> <input type="hidden" id="subjectId" value=""> <input type="hidden" id="chapterId" value=""> <input type="hidden" id="topicId" value=""> <!-- <link rel="preload" type="text/css" href="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/css/subject-style.css?v=5.55" as="style" onload="this.onload=null;this.rel='stylesheet'"> --> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/css/subject-style.css?v=5.55" data-async="true"> <!-- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/css/home.css" media="print" onload="this.media='all'"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/css/footer.css" media="print" onload="this.media='all'"> --> <script src="https://www.topperlearning.com/assets/v1/js/scripts.min.js?v=5.55" defer></script> <!-- <script async='async' src='https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js' type="text/javascript"></script> --> <script> const completeCheckLogin = new Event('completeCheckLogin'); const completeCheckAccess = new Event('completeCheckAccess'); async function checkLogin() { var url = "https://www.topperlearning.com/ajax-request/check_login"; var formData = new FormData; var response = await fetch(url, { method: "POST", data: formData }); var res = await response.json(); pageData.is_user_logged_in = res.is_user_logged_in; if(res.cart_items_count > 0) { document.getElementById('cart-number').style.display = "flex"; document.getElementById('cart-number').innerHTML = res.cart_items_count; } if(res.has_subscription){ localStorage.setItem('showAds', 0); }else{ localStorage.setItem('showAds', 1); } if(res.is_user_logged_in) { if(res.last_name == null) { res.last_name = ''; } var fullName = res.first_name+" "+res.last_name; document.getElementById('usernameDesktop').innerHTML = fullName; document.getElementById('usernameMobile').innerHTML = fullName; document.getElementById('userBoardClassMobile').innerHTML = res.board_name+" "+res.class_name; if(isMobile){ document.getElementById('al-user-details').style.display = "block"; document.getElementById('al-login-wrap').style.display = "block"; document.getElementById('bl-user-details').style.display = "none"; document.getElementById('bl-login-wrap').style.display = "none"; }else{ document.getElementById('afl-box').style.display = "inline-block"; document.getElementById('bfl-box').style.display = "none"; } } window.dispatchEvent(completeCheckLogin); } checkLogin(); async function checkAccess(){ var formData = new FormData(); formData.append('element_id', elementId); formData.append('board_id', boardId); formData.append('class_id', classId); formData.append('subject_id', subjectId); formData.append('question_type', questionType); formData.append('chapterId', chapterId); formData.append('isVideo', isVideo); formData.append('videoType', videoTypeCheck); formData.append('videoLevel', videoLevel); var url = "https://www.topperlearning.com/ajax-request/check_access"; var response = await fetch(url, { method: "POST", body: formData }); var response = await response.json(); pageData.is_user_subscribed = response.data.is_allow; pageData.non_logged_in = response.data.non_logged_in; pageData.message = response.data.message; pageData.sub_count = response.data.subs_count; window.dispatchEvent(completeCheckAccess); } window.addEventListener('completeCheckLogin', function(){ if(elementId > 0){ checkAccess(); } if (pageData.is_user_logged_in == 1) { window.addEventListener('beforeunload', function (e) { setTimeout(function() { userMonitoring(); // Call the API before the page unloads or redirects }, 0); }); } }); // Update the count down every 1 var pageTime = 0; var x = setInterval(async function() { pgTimeHours = Math.floor(pageTime / 3600); pgTimeMinutes = Math.floor(pageTime / 60); pgTimeSeconds = pageTime - pgTimeMinutes * 60; pgTimeHours = pgTimeHours < 10 ? "0" + pgTimeHours : pgTimeHours; pgTimeMinutes = pgTimeMinutes < 10 ? "0" + pgTimeMinutes : pgTimeMinutes; pgTimeSeconds = pgTimeSeconds < 10 ? "0" + pgTimeSeconds : pgTimeSeconds; totalTimeOnPage = pgTimeHours+':'+pgTimeMinutes +':'+pgTimeSeconds; document.querySelector('input[name="onPageTimer"]').value= totalTimeOnPage; pageTime++; }, 1000); async function userMonitoring() { var time = document.querySelector('input[name="onPageTimer"]').value; var formData = new FormData(); formData.append('element_id', elementId); formData.append('board_id', boardId); formData.append('class_id', classId); formData.append('subject_id', subjectId); formData.append('question_type', questionType); formData.append('chapter_id', chapterId); formData.append('topic_id', topicId); formData.append('content_id', contentId); formData.append('ref_url', pageUrl); formData.append('activity_time', time); formData.append('is_static_content', isStaticContent); // formData.append('is_consumption', isConsumption); // formData.append('consumptionTime', consumptionTime); formData.append('seoTitle', seoTitle); formData.append('pdfData', JSON.stringify(pdfData)); formData.append('videoData', JSON.stringify(videoData)); formData.append('html_content_consumption', htmlContentConsumption); var url = "https://www.topperlearning.com/ajax-request/user_journey_mapping"; var response = await fetch(url, { method: "POST", body: formData }); } </script> <!-- <script> window.addEventListener("scroll", function () { let gptScript = document.createElement("script"); gptScript.src = "https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/tag/js/gpt.js"; document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0].appendChild(gptScript); }, {once: true}); </script> --> <!-- Outbrain --> <!-- End Outbrain --> <!-- Izooto --> <script> window._izq = window._izq || []; window._izq.push(["init"]); </script> <script> window.addEventListener("scroll", function () { let izootoScript = document.createElement("script"); izootoScript.src = "https://cdn.izooto.com/scripts/c79560c657492a2bc9e0aca93191450a16c1f75e.js"; izootoScript.async = true; document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0].appendChild(izootoScript); }, {once: true}); </script> <script> window._izq.push(["userProfile",{"add":{ "Category": ["cbse-class-10"]} }]); </script> <!-- End Izooto --> <!-- cse.js --> <script> function googleSearch(){ let cseScript = document.createElement("script"); cseScript.src = "//www.google.com/cse/cse.js?cx=009289799245032594579:rhbwjoogx6g"; cseScript.async = true; document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0].appendChild(cseScript); // document.getElementById("gsc-i-id1").addEventListener("click", function(){ } document.getElementById("cseInput").addEventListener("click", function(){ googleSearch(); }, {once: true}); document.getElementById("mobileSearchBtn").addEventListener("click", function(){ googleSearch(); }, {once: true}); </script> <!-- End cse.js --> <!-- jivo --> <script> window.addEventListener("scroll", function () { let jivoScript = document.createElement("script"); jivoScript.async = true; jivoScript.src = "//code.jivosite.com/widget.js"; jivoScript.setAttribute("data-jv-id", 'pZ7R0sMph0') document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0].appendChild(jivoScript); }, {once: true}); </script> <!-- End jivo --> <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "WebPage", "name": "CBSE Class 10 - Get CBSE Class 10 Syllabus, Solutions & Sample Papers Online - TopperLearning", "description": "CBSE Class 10 - TopperLearning provides study material for CBSE Class 10. Sign up now & access all the required study materials for CBSE Class 10 online!", "keywords":"CBSE Class 10, Class 10 CBSE, CBSE 10th class, 10th class CBSE, CBSE 10th, TopperLearning", "url" : "https://www.topperlearning.com/cbse-class-10" } </script> <script> document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function() { var lazyBackgrounds = [].slice.call(document.querySelectorAll(".lazy-background")); if ("IntersectionObserver" in window && "IntersectionObserverEntry" in window && "intersectionRatio" in window.IntersectionObserverEntry.prototype) { let lazyBackgroundObserver = new IntersectionObserver(function(entries, observer) { entries.forEach(function(entry) { if (entry.isIntersecting) { entry.target.classList.add("visible"); lazyBackgroundObserver.unobserve(entry.target); } }); }); lazyBackgrounds.forEach(function(lazyBackground) { lazyBackgroundObserver.observe(lazyBackground); }); } }); </script> <script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"169254e235","applicationID":"1555572485","transactionName":"MVNaZ0BRV0RWWkINDAgZbUFbH1pYWU1ECw8KU0pAHUYIGEVcUREPB0QXcV1RS1N0VVcXEEhGUEM=","queueTime":0,"applicationTime":104,"atts":"HRRZEQhLREo=","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script></body> </html>