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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>로그인</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 로그아웃한 편집자를 위한 문서 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EC%9B%80%EB%A7%90:%EC%86%8C%EA%B0%9C" aria-label="편집에 관해 더 알아보기"><span>더 알아보기</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%82%B4%EA%B8%B0%EC%97%AC" title="이 IP 주소의 편집 목록 [y]" accesskey="y"><span>기여</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%82%B4%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%EC%9E%90%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0" title="현재 사용하는 IP 주소에 대한 토론 문서 [n]" accesskey="n"><span>토론</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="사이트"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="목차" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">목차</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">사이드바로 이동</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">숨기기</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">처음 위치</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-인구통계학_및_분포" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#인구통계학_및_분포"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>인구통계학 및 분포</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-인구통계학_및_분포-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-치의학_관련_의혹" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#치의학_관련_의혹"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>치의학 관련 의혹</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-치의학_관련_의혹-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-같이_보기" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#같이_보기"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>같이 보기</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-같이_보기-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-각주" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#각주"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>각주</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-각주-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-외부_링크" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#외부_링크"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>외부 링크</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-외부_링크-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="목차" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="목차 토글" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">목차 토글</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">중국계 러시아인</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="다른 언어로 문서를 방문합니다. 10개 언어로 읽을 수 있습니다" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-10" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">10개 언어</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Китайци в Русия – 불가리아어" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Китайци в Русия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="불가리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnic_Chinese_in_Russia" title="Ethnic Chinese in Russia – 영어" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ethnic Chinese in Russia" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="영어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%88inoj_en_Rusio" title="Ĉinoj en Rusio – 에스페란토어" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ĉinoj en Rusio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="에스페란토어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inmigraci%C3%B3n_china_en_Rusia" title="Inmigración china en Rusia – 스페인어" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Inmigración china en Rusia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="스페인어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ven%C3%A4j%C3%A4n_kiinalaiset" title="Venäjän kiinalaiset – 핀란드어" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Venäjän kiinalaiset" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="핀란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tionghoa_Rusia" title="Tionghoa Rusia – 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href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%86%D1%8B_%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Китайцы в России – 러시아어" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Китайцы в России" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="러시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E8%A3%94%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E4%BA%BA" title="华裔俄罗斯人 – 중국어" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="华裔俄罗斯人" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="중국어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4222431#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="언어 간 링크 편집" class="wbc-editpage">링크 편집</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="이름공간"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%EA%B5%AD%EA%B3%84_%EB%9F%AC%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B8" title="본문 보기 [c]" accesskey="c"><span>문서</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0:%EC%A4%91%EA%B5%AD%EA%B3%84_%EB%9F%AC%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B8" rel="discussion" title="문서의 내용에 대한 토론 문서 [t]" accesskey="t"><span>토론</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " 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height="45" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="45" /></span></span></div><span style="position:relative; width:100%; display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; padding:4px;"><big><big><b>중국계 러시아인<br />Китайцы в России<br />华裔俄罗斯人</b></big></big></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Gorskii_04429u.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="1893년 저장성 닝보시의 류쥔저우(劉軍州)는 조지아(당시 러시아 제국의 일부)에 차밭을 세우도록 초청받았다. 그의 사진은 1905년에서 1915년 사이에 세르게이 프로쿠딘고르스키에 의해 촬영되었다." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Gorskii_04429u.jpg/300px-Gorskii_04429u.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="273" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Gorskii_04429u.jpg/450px-Gorskii_04429u.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Gorskii_04429u.jpg/600px-Gorskii_04429u.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3125" data-file-height="2847" /></a></span><br />1893년 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%80%EC%9E%A5%EC%84%B1" title="저장성">저장성</a> <a href="/wiki/%EB%8B%9D%EB%B3%B4%EC%8B%9C" title="닝보시">닝보시</a>의 류쥔저우(劉軍州)는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EC%A7%80%EC%95%84" title="조지아">조지아</a>(당시 <a href="/wiki/%EB%9F%AC%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84_%EC%A0%9C%EA%B5%AD" title="러시아 제국">러시아 제국</a>의 일부)에 차밭을 세우도록 초청받았다. 그의 사진은 1905년에서 1915년 사이에 <a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B8%EB%A5%B4%EA%B2%8C%EC%9D%B4_%ED%94%84%EB%A1%9C%EC%BF%A0%EB%94%98%EA%B3%A0%EB%A5%B4%EC%8A%A4%ED%82%A4" title="세르게이 프로쿠딘고르스키">세르게이 프로쿠딘고르스키</a>에 의해 촬영되었다. </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background:#b0c4de"><b>총인구</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;">28,943 (2010년)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />200,000–998,000 (2004년)<sup id="cite_ref-Zayonchkovskaya-2004_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zayonchkovskaya-2004-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-harvnb|Larin|2008_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-harvnb|Larin|2008-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-afp_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-afp-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />400,000–550,000 (2017년)<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background:#b0c4de"><b>언어</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%EB%9F%AC%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84%EC%96%B4" title="러시아어">러시아어</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%EA%B5%AD%EC%96%B4" title="중국어">중국어</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background:#b0c4de"><b>종교</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%88%EA%B5%90" title="불교">불교</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90" title="기독교">기독교</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%EA%B5%AD_%EC%A0%95%EA%B5%90%ED%9A%8C" title="중국 정교회">중국 정교회</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%AC%EB%9E%8C%EA%B5%90" title="이슬람교">이슬람교</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EA%B5%90" title="도교">도교</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background:#b0c4de"><b>민족계통</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;"><span class="nowrap">근연민족 </span> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/%ED%99%94%EA%B5%90" title="화교">화교</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>중국계 러시아인</b>(<span style="font-size: smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%EB%9F%AC%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84%EC%96%B4" title="러시아어">러시아어</a>: </span><span lang="ru">Китайцы в России</span>; <span style="font-size: smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%EA%B5%AD%EC%96%B4" title="중국어">중국어</a>: </span><span lang="zh">华裔俄罗斯人</span>)은 2002년 인구조사에 따르면 공식적으로 39,483명이다.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 그러나, 이 수치는 논란이 되고 있는데, 2004년과 2005년에 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%ED%99%94%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD" title="중화민국">대만</a>의 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%ED%99%94%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD_%EA%B5%90%EB%AC%B4%EC%9C%84%EC%9B%90%ED%9A%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="중화민국 교무위원회">해외 공동체 위원회</a>가 998,000명을 주장했고, <a href="/wiki/%EB%9F%AC%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84" title="러시아">러시아</a> 인구학자들은 일반적으로 2004년 현재 200,000~400,000명 범위의 추정치를 수용하고 있다. <a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%ED%99%94%EC%9D%B8%EB%AF%BC%EA%B3%B5%ED%99%94%EA%B5%AD" title="중화인민공화국">중국</a> 상인들이 진행하는 임시 이주와 셔틀 무역은 <a href="/wiki/%EB%9F%AC%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84" title="러시아">러시아</a> <a href="/wiki/%EA%B7%B9%EB%8F%99_%EC%97%B0%EB%B0%A9%EA%B4%80%EA%B5%AC" title="극동 연방관구">극동 연방관구</a>에서 가장 성행하지만 대부분은 러시아에 정착하지 않고 국경을 넘나들며 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EC%8A%A4%ED%81%AC%EB%B0%94" title="모스크바">모스크바</a>의 중국인 커뮤니티가 장기 거주자 비율이 더 높다. 러시아에 있는 그들의 수는 2013년 이후로 줄어들고 있다.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Gelbras2002-106_1_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gelbras2002-106_1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="인구통계학_및_분포"><span id=".EC.9D.B8.EA.B5.AC.ED.86.B5.EA.B3.84.ED.95.99_.EB.B0.8F_.EB.B6.84.ED.8F.AC"></span>인구통계학 및 분포</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A4%91%EA%B5%AD%EA%B3%84_%EB%9F%AC%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B8&action=edit&section=1" title="부분 편집: 인구통계학 및 분포"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-12323,_Moskau,_Chinesische_Demonstranten.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-12323%2C_Moskau%2C_Chinesische_Demonstranten.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-12323%2C_Moskau%2C_Chinesische_Demonstranten.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-12323%2C_Moskau%2C_Chinesische_Demonstranten.jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-12323%2C_Moskau%2C_Chinesische_Demonstranten.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-12323%2C_Moskau%2C_Chinesische_Demonstranten.jpg/440px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-12323%2C_Moskau%2C_Chinesische_Demonstranten.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="519" /></a><figcaption>1932년 모스크바에서 일본의 중국 침략에 반대하는 중국 시위</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/%EB%9F%AC%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84" title="러시아">러시아</a>의 총 중국계 인구는 다소 논란의 여지가 있는 주제이다. 2002년 인구조사에 따르면 러시아에 거주하는 34,500명(러시아와 외국 시민 모두)만이 중국계라고 자인했으며, 그 중 절반은 서러시아(대부분 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EC%8A%A4%ED%81%AC%EB%B0%94" title="모스크바">모스크바</a>)에 있었다. 러시아 인구학자들은 20만 명에서 40만 명, 많아야 50만 명 정도가 가장 신뢰할 수 있다고 생각한다.<sup id="cite_ref-harvnb|Larin|2008_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-harvnb|Larin|2008-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 예를 들어, <a href="/wiki/%EB%9F%AC%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84_%EA%B3%BC%ED%95%99_%EC%95%84%EC%B9%B4%EB%8D%B0%EB%AF%B8" title="러시아 과학 아카데미">러시아 과학 아카데미</a>의 국가 경제 예측 연구소의 인구 이동 연구소장인 잔나 자욘치코프스카야는 2004년에 러시아에 거주하는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%EA%B5%AD%EC%9D%B8" title="중국인">중국인</a>의 총 수를 약 40만 명으로 추정했는데, 이는 교육을 제대로 받지 못한 추측인 200만 명보다 훨씬 적은 숫자이다. 《<a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%A6%88%EB%B2%A0%EC%8A%A4%ED%8B%B0%EC%95%BC" title="이즈베스티야">이즈베스티야</a>》에 의해 주어졌다.<sup id="cite_ref-Zayonchkovskaya-2004_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zayonchkovskaya-2004-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 2003년 326만 명과 같은 대중매체들의 추정이 맞다면 중국인들은 <a href="/wiki/%EB%9F%AC%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B8" title="러시아인">러시아인</a>(10억410만 명), <a href="/wiki/%ED%83%80%ED%83%80%EB%A5%B4%EC%9D%B8" title="타타르인">타타르인</a>(720만 명), <a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%B0%ED%81%AC%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EB%82%98%EC%9D%B8" title="우크라이나인">우크라이나인</a>(510만 명)에 이어 러시아에서 네 번째로 큰 민족이 될 것이다.<sup id="cite_ref-ChineseInvasion_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ChineseInvasion-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>러시아의 두 주요 <a href="/wiki/%ED%99%94%EA%B5%90" title="화교">화교</a> 공동체는 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EC%8A%A4%ED%81%AC%EB%B0%94" title="모스크바">모스크바</a>와 <a href="/wiki/%EB%9F%AC%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84_%EA%B7%B9%EB%8F%99" title="러시아 극동">러시아 극동</a>에 있는 화교 공동체이다. 2002년 현재 모스크바의 커뮤니티는 2만 명에서 2만 5천 명으로 가장 큰 것으로 알려져 있으며, 중국 커뮤니티 리더들은 3만 명에서 4만 명 범위로 훨씬 더 높은 추정치를 제시하고 있다.<sup id="cite_ref-Vit_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vit-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 그들은 중국의 대부분의 지방에서 왔다. 모스크바의 장기 거주자 비율은 34%로 가장 높다.<sup id="cite_ref-Gelbras2002-106_2_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gelbras2002-106_2-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>러시아 극동에서는 <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EB%B0%94%EB%A1%AD%EC%8A%A4%ED%81%AC" title="하바롭스크">하바롭스크</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%B8%94%EB%9D%BC%EB%94%94%EB%B3%B4%EC%8A%A4%ED%86%A0%ED%81%AC" title="블라디보스토크">블라디보스토크</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%B0%EC%88%98%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4%ED%81%AC" title="우수리스크">우수리스크</a>가 주요 도시 중심이지만, 2002년에는 모스크바에 비해 중국인 인구가 적다.<sup id="cite_ref-Gelbras2002-104_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gelbras2002-104-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 우수리스크에서는 무역업자로 일하는 중국인 이민자의 대부분이 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EC%84%A0%EC%A1%B1" title="조선족">조선족</a>이며, 그들의 총 인구는 약 2,3천 명으로 추정된다.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>이 지역의 중국인 노동자들은 대부분 <a href="/wiki/%EB%91%A5%EB%B2%A0%EC%9D%B4" title="둥베이">중국 북동부</a>, 특히 <a href="/wiki/%ED%97%A4%EC%9D%B4%EB%A3%BD%EC%9E%A5%EC%84%B1" title="헤이룽장성">헤이룽장성</a>에서 왔으며, 그들은 러시아에서 천연자원에 접근하여 그들 자신의 경제 발전을 촉진하려는 성의 전략의 중요한 부분을 형성한다.<sup id="cite_ref-Larin2006-49_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Larin2006-49-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 1988년과 2003년 사이에 133,000명의 헤이룽장성 출신의 계약직 근로자들이 러시아로 일하러 갔고, 대부분은 건설과 농업에 고용되었다. 비록 몇몇 이민자들이 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%80%EB%A6%B0%EC%84%B1" title="지린성">지린성</a>에서 오기도 하지만, 그곳의 지방 정부는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%BC%EB%B3%B8" title="일본">일본</a>과 <a href="/wiki/%EB%82%A8%EB%B6%81%ED%95%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="남북한">남북한</a>과의 관계를 발전시키는데 더 관심이 있다.<sup id="cite_ref-Larin2006-49_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Larin2006-49-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 중국 국경의 인구 압박과 과밀은 이민의 동기 중 하나이며, 러시아에서 사업을 하면서 돈을 벌 수 있는 기회가 주요 유인 요인으로 묘사된다.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 중국 동북부의 3개 성에는 1억 명 이상의 인구가 살고 있으며, 국경을 넘어 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B7%B9%EB%8F%99_%EC%97%B0%EB%B0%A9%EA%B4%80%EA%B5%AC" title="극동 연방관구">극동 연방관구</a>의 인구는 1991년 약 900만 명에서 2002년 약 700만 명으로 감소했다.<sup id="cite_ref-AsiaTimes_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AsiaTimes-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>계약직 근로자 외에도 1997년부터 2002년까지 110만 명의 중국인이 러시아 극동 접경지역에 관광비자로 다녀왔다.<sup id="cite_ref-Larin2006-49_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Larin2006-49-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 러시아에 불법 체류하는 중국인이 많다는 인식에도 불구하고, 1996년 이후 관광 비자로 입국한 중국인의 97% 이상이 러시아에 입국한 것과 같은 국경 통과를 통해 정시에 출발했고, 나머지 3% 중 상당수는 다른 국경 통과를 통해 출국했거나 체포되어 추방되었다.<sup id="cite_ref-Vit_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vit-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Gelbras2002-104_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gelbras2002-104-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="치의학_관련_의혹"><span id=".EC.B9.98.EC.9D.98.ED.95.99_.EA.B4.80.EB.A0.A8_.EC.9D.98.ED.98.B9"></span>치의학 관련 의혹</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A4%91%EA%B5%AD%EA%B3%84_%EB%9F%AC%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B8&action=edit&section=2" title="부분 편집: 치의학 관련 의혹"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1960년대, <a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%EC%86%8C_%EB%B6%84%EC%9F%81" title="중소 분쟁">중소 분쟁</a>이 극에 달하고 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%EC%86%8C_%EA%B5%AD%EA%B2%BD_%EB%B6%84%EC%9F%81" title="중소 국경 분쟁">국경의 정규화</a>에 대한 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%A0%EC%9D%B4%EC%A7%95" class="mw-redirect" title="베이징">베이징</a>과 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EC%8A%A4%ED%81%AC%EB%B0%94" title="모스크바">모스크바</a>의 협상이 수포로 돌아가자, 중국 민간인들은 자주 영토, 특히 소련이 통제하는 수역을 침범했다. 그러나 양측의 군사력은 1969년 3월 양측이 상대방이 먼저 발포했다고 주장하는 사건이 일어나기 전까지 자신들의 국경 권리를 주장하는데 치명적인 무력의 사용을 자제했다. 이 전투는 당시 사실상 중국의 지배하에 있던 분쟁 지역인 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EB%B0%94%EC%98%A4%EC%84%AC" title="전바오섬">전바오섬</a>에서 중국인들을 몰아내려는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%86%8C%EB%A0%A8" title="소련">소련</a>의 시도로 확대되었다.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 중국 측에서는 51명의 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A4%91%EA%B5%AD_%EC%9D%B8%EB%AF%BC%ED%95%B4%EB%B0%A9%EA%B5%B0" title="중국 인민해방군">인민해방군</a> 병사들이 목숨을 잃었지만, 섬 전체를 장악하고 있었다. 소련 정부는 이 전투가 <a href="/wiki/%EC%B2%AD%EB%82%98%EB%9D%BC" title="청나라">청나라</a>가 러시아 극동 지역을 대규모로 침공하기 위한 서막이라고 우려했다.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>게다가, 이 지역에서 중국의 존재가 확대되면서 러시아에 의한 중국의 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%BC%EC%A1%B1%ED%86%B5%EC%9D%BC%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="민족통일주의">민족통일주의</a>에 대한 <a href="/wiki/%ED%99%A9%ED%99%94%EB%A1%A0" title="황화론">황화론</a> 스타일의 공포로 이어지기 시작했다.<sup id="cite_ref-Alekseev2006-111_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Alekseev2006-111-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 러시아 신문들은 200만 명에서 500만 명의 중국 이민자들이 러시아 극동에 실제로 거주하고 있다는 추측을 게재하기 시작했고, 2050년까지 러시아 인구의 절반이 중국인이 될 것이라고 예측했다.<sup id="cite_ref-Vit_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vit-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 러시아인들은 일반적으로 중국인들이 영구적인 정착을 목표로 러시아에 온다고 믿으며, 심지어 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B8%94%EB%9D%BC%EB%94%94%EB%AF%B8%EB%A5%B4_%ED%91%B8%ED%8B%B4" title="블라디미르 푸틴">블라디미르 푸틴</a> 대통령까지 "우리가 곧 극동진출을 위한 실질적인 조치를 취하지 않는다면, 러시아 국민들은 중국어와 일본어, 한국어를 구사하게 될 것"이라고 말한 것으로 전해졌다.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="같이_보기"><span id=".EA.B0.99.EC.9D.B4_.EB.B3.B4.EA.B8.B0"></span>같이 보기</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A4%91%EA%B5%AD%EA%B3%84_%EB%9F%AC%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B8&action=edit&section=3" title="부분 편집: 같이 보기"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%91%A5%EA%B0%84%EC%A1%B1" title="둥간족">둥간족</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%BC%EB%B3%B8%EA%B3%84_%EB%9F%AC%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B8" title="일본계 러시아인">일본계 러시아인</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%A0%EB%A0%A4%EC%9D%B8" title="고려인">고려인</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%ED%95%A0%EB%A6%B0_%ED%95%9C%EC%9D%B8" title="사할린 한인">사할린 한인</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="각주"><span id=".EA.B0.81.EC.A3.BC"></span>각주</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%A4%91%EA%B5%AD%EA%B3%84_%EB%9F%AC%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B8&action=edit&section=4" title="부분 편집: 각주"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r35556958">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121208222034/http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/perepis2010/croc/Documents/Materials/pril2_dok2.xlsx">“Национальный состав населения по субъектам Российской Федерации”</a>. 2012년 12월 8일에 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/perepis2010/croc/Documents/Materials/pril2_dok2.xlsx">원본 문서</a>에서 보존된 문서<span class="reference-accessdate">. 2020년 4월 5일에 확인함</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D0%BE+%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gks.ru%2Ffree_doc%2Fnew_site%2Fperepis2010%2Fcroc%2FDocuments%2FMaterials%2Fpril2_dok2.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EC%A4%91%EA%B5%AD%EA%B3%84+%EB%9F%AC%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B8" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Zayonchkovskaya-2004-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Zayonchkovskaya-2004_2-0">가</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Zayonchkovskaya-2004_2-1">나</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZayonchkovskaya2004">Zayonchkovskaya 2004</a><span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> 괄호 없는 하버드 인용 error: 대상 없음: CITEREFZayonchkovskaya2004 (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" class="extiw" title="en:Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-harvnb|Larin|2008-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-harvnb|Larin|2008_3-0">가</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-harvnb|Larin|2008_3-1">나</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLarin2008">Larin 2008</a><span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> 괄호 없는 하버드 인용 error: 대상 없음: CITEREFLarin2008 (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" class="extiw" title="en:Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-afp-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-afp_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110104195124/http://www.ocac.gov.tw/english/public/public.asp?selno=1163&no=1163&level=B">“僑委會全球資訊網”</a>. 2011년 1월 4일에 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ocac.gov.tw/english/public/public.asp?selno=1163&no=1163&level=B">원본 문서</a>에서 보존된 문서.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E5%83%91%E5%A7%94%E6%9C%83%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A%E7%B6%B2&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ocac.gov.tw%2Fenglish%2Fpublic%2Fpublic.asp%3Fselno%3D1163%26no%3D1163%26level%3DB&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EC%A4%91%EA%B5%AD%EA%B3%84+%EB%9F%AC%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B8" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://carnegiemoscow.org/2017/07/14/why-forecasts-of-chinese-takeover-of-russian-far-east-are-just-dramatic-myth-pub-71550">“Why Forecasts of a Chinese Takeover of the Russian Far East Are Just Dramatic Myth”</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Why+Forecasts+of+a+Chinese+Takeover+of+the+Russian+Far+East+Are+Just+Dramatic+Myth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcarnegiemoscow.org%2F2017%2F07%2F14%2Fwhy-forecasts-of-chinese-takeover-of-russian-far-east-are-just-dramatic-myth-pub-71550&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EC%A4%91%EA%B5%AD%EA%B3%84+%EB%9F%AC%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B8" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRussian_Census2002">Russian Census 2002</a>, Table 4.01<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> 괄호 없는 하버드 인용 error: 대상 없음: CITEREFRussian_Census2002 (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" class="extiw" title="en:Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220412003650/http://www.gks.ru/bgd/regl/b16_06/IssWWW.exe/Stg/d04/01-03.doc">“보관된 사본”</a>. 2022년 4월 12일에 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gks.ru/bgd/regl/b16_06/IssWWW.exe/Stg/d04/01-03.doc">원본 문서</a>에서 보존된 문서<span class="reference-accessdate">. 2022년 4월 19일에 확인함</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%EB%B3%B4%EA%B4%80%EB%90%9C+%EC%82%AC%EB%B3%B8&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gks.ru%2Fbgd%2Fregl%2Fb16_06%2FIssWWW.exe%2FStg%2Fd04%2F01-03.doc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EC%A4%91%EA%B5%AD%EA%B3%84+%EB%9F%AC%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B8" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gelbras2002-106_1-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Gelbras2002-106_1_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGelbras2002">Gelbras 2002</a>, 104–106쪽<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> 괄호 없는 하버드 인용 error: 대상 없음: CITEREFGelbras2002 (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" class="extiw" title="en:Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ChineseInvasion-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-ChineseInvasion_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20060315021331/http://www.gateway2russia.com/st/art_144395.php">“A Chinese 'Invasion<span style="padding-right:0.2em;">'</span>”</a>. 《Asia Africa Intelligence Wire》. 2003년 9월 23일. 2006년 3월 15일에 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gateway2russia.com/st/art_144395.php">원본 문서</a>에서 보존된 문서<span class="reference-accessdate">. 2009년 1월 18일에 확인함</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Asia+Africa+Intelligence+Wire&rft.atitle=A+Chinese+%27Invasion%27&rft.date=2003-09-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gateway2russia.com%2Fst%2Fart_144395.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EC%A4%91%EA%B5%AD%EA%B3%84+%EB%9F%AC%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B8" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Vit-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Vit_10-0">가</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Vit_10-1">나</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Vit_10-2">다</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVitkovskaya1999">Vitkovskaya 1999</a><span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> 괄호 없는 하버드 인용 error: 대상 없음: CITEREFVitkovskaya1999 (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" class="extiw" title="en:Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gelbras2002-106_2-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Gelbras2002-106_2_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGelbras2002">Gelbras 2002</a>, 106쪽<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> 괄호 없는 하버드 인용 error: 대상 없음: CITEREFGelbras2002 (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" class="extiw" title="en:Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gelbras2002-104-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Gelbras2002-104_12-0">가</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Gelbras2002-104_12-1">나</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGelbras2002">Gelbras 2002</a>, 104쪽<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> 괄호 없는 하버드 인용 error: 대상 없음: CITEREFGelbras2002 (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" class="extiw" title="en:Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLee2005">Lee 2005</a>, 81쪽<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> 괄호 없는 하버드 인용 error: 대상 없음: CITEREFLee2005 (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" class="extiw" title="en:Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Larin2006-49-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Larin2006-49_14-0">가</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Larin2006-49_14-1">나</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Larin2006-49_14-2">다</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLarin2006">Larin 2006</a>, 49쪽<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> 괄호 없는 하버드 인용 error: 대상 없음: CITEREFLarin2006 (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" class="extiw" title="en:Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLarin2006">Larin 2006</a>, 50쪽<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> 괄호 없는 하버드 인용 error: 대상 없음: CITEREFLarin2006 (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" class="extiw" title="en:Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AsiaTimes-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-AsiaTimes_16-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFLintner2006" class="citation">Lintner, Bertil (2006년 5월 27일), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060527190432/http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Central_Asia/HE27Ag01.html">“The Chinese are coming ... to Russia”</a>, 《Asia Times Online》, 2006년 5월 27일에 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Central_Asia/HE27Ag01.html">원본 문서</a>에서 보존된 문서<span class="reference-accessdate">, 2009년 1월 18일에 확인함</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asia+Times+Online&rft.atitle=The+Chinese+are+coming+...+to+Russia&rft.date=2006-05-27&rft.aulast=Lintner&rft.aufirst=Bertil&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.atimes.com%2Fatimes%2FCentral_Asia%2FHE27Ag01.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%EC%A4%91%EA%B5%AD%EA%B3%84+%EB%9F%AC%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B8" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMaxwell2007">Maxwell 2007</a>, 61–63쪽<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> 괄호 없는 하버드 인용 error: 대상 없음: CITEREFMaxwell2007 (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" class="extiw" title="en:Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMaxwell2007">Maxwell 2007</a>, 67쪽<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> 괄호 없는 하버드 인용 error: 대상 없음: CITEREFMaxwell2007 (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" class="extiw" title="en:Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Alekseev2006-111-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Alekseev2006-111_19-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAlekseev2006">Alekseev 2006</a>, 111쪽<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> 괄호 없는 하버드 인용 error: 대상 없음: CITEREFAlekseev2006 (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" class="extiw" title="en:Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAlekseev2006">Alekseev 2006</a>, 98쪽<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> 괄호 없는 하버드 인용 error: 대상 없음: CITEREFAlekseev2006 (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" class="extiw" title="en:Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAlekseev2006">Alekseev 2006</a>, 95쪽<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> 괄호 없는 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