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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">     <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en" xmlns:og="http://ogp.me/ns#" xmlns:fb="http://ogp.me/ns/fb#"> <head> <title>MACHINA, the Movable Accelerator for Cultural Heritage In-situ Non-destructive Analysis: project overview - CERN Document Server</title> <link href='https://framework.web.cern.ch/framework/2.0/fonts/PTSansWeb/PTSansWeb.css' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css' /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/img/invenio.css?v=20141127" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/img/cern_theme/css/cern_theme.css?v=20141127" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet"href="/css/font-awesome.min.css"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/img/cern_toolbar/css/toolbar.css" type="text/css" />    <link rel="canonical" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891704" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="el" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891704?ln=el" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="fr" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891704?ln=fr" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="bg" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891704?ln=bg" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-TW" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891704?ln=zh_TW" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="pt" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891704?ln=pt" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="no" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891704?ln=no" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="hr" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891704?ln=hr" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ca" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891704?ln=ca" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="de" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891704?ln=de" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="it" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891704?ln=it" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-CN" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891704?ln=zh_CN" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="sv" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891704?ln=sv" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="sk" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891704?ln=sk" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891704?ln=en" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="pl" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891704?ln=pl" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ru" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891704?ln=ru" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ka" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891704?ln=ka" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ja" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891704?ln=ja" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="es" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891704?ln=es" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="CERN Document Server RSS" href="/rss?ln=en" /> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="https://cds.cern.ch/opensearchdescription" title="CERN Document Server" /> <link rel="unapi-server" type="application/xml" title="unAPI" href="https://cds.cern.ch/unapi" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/apple-touch-icon.png"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="/apple-touch-icon-precomposed.png"/> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" /> <meta name="description" content="Over the years, transportable instrumentation for cultural heritage (CH) in situ measurements has noticeably widespread, due to logistic, economical and safety reasons. Ion beam analysis, a powerful set of analytical techniques, of great importance for CH, is instead carried out by using fixed instrumentation. To overcome this limit, the Italian national Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN), CERN (European Centre for Nuclear Research) and the Opificio delle Pietre Dure (OPD), started MACHINA, the “Movable Accelerator for CH In-situ Non-destructive Analysis: the new generation of accelerators for art” to build a transportable accelerator, compact, with strongly reduced weight, absorbed power and cost. MACHINA will be installed at the OPD and dedicated to CH. It will be moved to major conservation centres and museums, when needed. The INFN-CERN proposal, approved in December 2017, became operative in February 2018. 2018 was dedicated to the acquisition of material/instrumentations, to set up both a dummy accelerator (to test the vacuum system) and a vacuum chamber (to test the source). Due to COVID, in 2020 and 2021 the experimental work was slowed down, but we kept developing the control electronics/software and built the second-generation supporting structure. The HF-RFQ power supplies were integrated in October 2021. At the rise of 2022, after conditioning the cavities, we tested the system and in March 2022 we got the first extracted 2-MeV proton beam. In this paper, we present the structure of the MACHINA system, the approach followed and the main solutions adopted, with a special focus on the control system, and finally the first experimental results. Taccetti, F; Castelli, L; Chiari, M; Czelusniak, C; Falciano, S; Fedi, M; Giambi, F; Mandò, P A; Manetti, M; Massi, M; Mazzinghi, A; Ruberto, C; Ronzino, P; Bini, I; Frati, S; Benetti, F; Guidi, M Cestelli; Ciatti, M; Frosinini, C; Rossi, S; Mathot, S; Anelli, G; Cipolla, G; Grudiev, A; Lombardi, A; Milne, E; Montesinos, E; Pommerenke, H; Scibor, K; Vretenar, M; Giuntini, L" /> <meta name="keywords" content="CERN Document Server, WebSearch, CERN Document Server" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cds.cern.ch/js/jquery.min.js"></script>  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/img/webnews.css" type="text/css" />  <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cds.cern.ch/js/webnews.js?v=20131009"></script> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="137353533001720"/> <script type="text/x-mathjax-config"> MathJax.Hub.Config({ tex2jax: {inlineMath: [['$','$']], processEscapes: true}, showProcessingMessages: false, messageStyle: "none" }); </script> <script src="/MathJax/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS_CHTML" type="text/javascript"> </script>  <meta content="submitter : MACHINA, the Movable Accelerator for Cultural Heritage In-situ Non-destructive Analysis: project overview" name="citation_title" /> <meta content="Taccetti, F" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Mathot, S" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Falciano, S" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Ciatti, M" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Mazzinghi, A" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Rossi, S" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Mandò, P A" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Scibor, K" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Ronzino, P" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Montesinos, E" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Castelli, L" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Massi, M" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Frosinini, C" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Grudiev, A" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Guidi, M Cestelli" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Giambi, F" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Fedi, M" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Vretenar, M" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Cipolla, G" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Chiari, M" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Giuntini, L" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Lombardi, A" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Pommerenke, H" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Bini, I" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Manetti, M" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Czelusniak, C" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Benetti, F" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Ruberto, C" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Frati, S" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Anelli, G" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Milne, E" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="10.1007/s12210-022-01120-6" name="citation_doi" /> <meta content="Rend. Lincei Sci. Fis. Nat." name="citation_journal_title" /> <meta content="34" name="citation_volume" /> <meta content="427-445" name="citation_firstpage" /> <meta content="2023" name="citation_publication_date" /> <meta name="citation_online_date" content="2024/03/14"> <meta content="10.1007/s12210-022-01120-6" name="citation_doi" /> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891704/files/s12210-022-01120-6.pdf" />  <meta content="submitter" property="og:title" /> <meta content="MACHINA, the Movable Accelerator for Cultural Heritage In-situ Non-destructive Analysis: project overview" property="og:title" /> <meta content="website" property="og:type" /> <meta content="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891704" property="og:url" /> <meta content="CERN Document Server" property="og:site_name" /> <meta content="submitter" property="og:description" /> <meta content="Over the years, transportable instrumentation for cultural heritage (CH) in situ measurements has noticeably widespread, due to logistic, economical and safety reasons. Ion beam analysis, a powerful set of analytical techniques, of great importance for CH, is instead carried out by using fixed instrumentation. To overcome this limit, the Italian national Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN), CERN (European Centre for Nuclear Research) and the Opificio delle Pietre Dure (OPD), started MACHINA, the “Movable Accelerator for CH In-situ Non-destructive Analysis: the new generation of accelerators for art” to build a transportable accelerator, compact, with strongly reduced weight, absorbed power and cost. MACHINA will be installed at the OPD and dedicated to CH. It will be moved to major conservation centres and museums, when needed. The INFN-CERN proposal, approved in December 2017, became operative in February 2018. 2018 was dedicated to the acquisition of material/instrumentations, to set up both a dummy accelerator (to test the vacuum system) and a vacuum chamber (to test the source). Due to COVID, in 2020 and 2021 the experimental work was slowed down, but we kept developing the control electronics/software and built the second-generation supporting structure. The HF-RFQ power supplies were integrated in October 2021. At the rise of 2022, after conditioning the cavities, we tested the system and in March 2022 we got the first extracted 2-MeV proton beam. In this paper, we present the structure of the MACHINA system, the approach followed and the main solutions adopted, with a special focus on the control system, and finally the first experimental results." property="og:description" />  <meta content="summary" name="twitter:card" /> <style></style> </head> <body class="CERN32Document32Server search" lang="en">  <div id="cern-toolbar"> <h1><a href="http://cern.ch" title="CERN">CERN <span>Accelerating science</span></a></h1> <ul> <li class="cern-accountlinks"><a class="cern-account" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/login?ln=en&referer=https%3A//cds.cern.ch/record/2891704" title="Sign in to your CERN account">Sign in</a></li> <li><a class="cern-directory" href="http://cern.ch/directory" title="Search CERN resources and browse the directory">Directory</a></li> </ul> </div>   <div role="banner" class="clearfix" id="header"> <div class="header-inner inner"> <hgroup class="clearfix"> <h2 id="site-name"> <a rel="home" title="Home" href="/"><span>CERN Document Server</span></a> </h2> <h3 id="site-slogan">Access articles, reports and multimedia content in HEP</h3> </hgroup> <div role="navigation" id="main-navigation" class="cdsmenu"> <h2 class="element-invisible">Main menu</h2><ul class="links inline clearfix"> <li class="menu-386 first active-trail"><a class="active-trail" href="https://cds.cern.ch/?ln=en">Search</a></li> <li class="menu-444 "><a class="" title="" href="https://cds.cern.ch/submit?ln=en">Submit</a></li> <li class="menu-426 "><a class="" href="https://cds.cern.ch/help/?ln=en">Help</a></li> <li class="leaf hassubcdsmenu"> <a hreflang="en" class="header" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/display?ln=en">Personalize</a> <ul class="subsubcdsmenu"><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/youralerts/list?ln=en">Your alerts</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/yourbaskets/display?ln=en">Your baskets</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/yourcomments?ln=en">Your comments</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/youralerts/display?ln=en">Your searches</a></li></ul></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div>  <table class="navtrailbox"> <tr> <td class="navtrailboxbody"> <a href="/?ln=en" class="navtrail">Home</a> > MACHINA, the Movable Accelerator for Cultural Heritage In-situ Non-destructive Analysis: project overview </td> </tr> </table> </div> <div class="pagebody"><div class="pagebodystripemiddle"> <div class="detailedrecordbox"> <div class="detailedrecordtabs"> <div> <ul class="detailedrecordtabs"><li class="on first"><a href="/record/2891704/?ln=en">Information </a></li><li class=""><a href="/record/2891704/files?ln=en">Files </a></li></ul> <div id="tabsSpacer" style="clear:both;height:0px"> </div></div> </div> <div class="detailedrecordboxcontent"> <div class="top-left-folded"></div> <div class="top-right-folded"></div> <div class="inside">  <abbr class="unapi-id" title="2891704"></abbr> <style type="text/css">  </style> <table class="formatRecordTableFullWidth" > <tr> <td class="formatRecordHeader" style="background-image: url('https://cds.cern.ch/img/journals.jpg');" colspan="2">  Article </td> </tr> <script type="text/javascript"> $( document ).ready(function() { $('.showAuthor').on('click', function() { var author = '<p>' + $(this).data('name') + '</p>'; var affiliation = $(this).data('affiliation') + '</br>'; var contribution = $(this).data('contribution') + '</br>'; $.magnificPopup.open({ items: { src: '<div id="ovelary-mathjax" class="overlay-white oc-content overlay-white-500">' + author + affiliation + contribution + '</div>', type: 'inline' }, callbacks: { open: function() { var div = document.getElementById("overlay-mathjax") MathJax.Hub.Queue(["Typeset", MathJax.Hub, div]); }, } }) }) }); </script> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Title </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><b>MACHINA, the Movable Accelerator for Cultural Heritage In-situ Non-destructive Analysis: project overview</b></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> Author(s) </span> </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"> <script type="text/javascript"> function toggle_authors_visibility(){ var more = document.getElementById('more'); var link = document.getElementById('link'); var extension = document.getElementById('extension'); if (more.style.display=='none'){ more.style.display = ''; extension.style.display = 'none'; link.innerHTML = "Hide" } else { more.style.display = 'none'; extension.style.display = ''; link.innerHTML = "Show all 31 authors" } link.style.color = "rgb(204,0,0);" } function set_up(){ var extension = document.getElementById('extension'); extension.innerHTML = ""; toggle_authors_visibility(); } </script> <a name="show_hide" /><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Taccetti%2C%20F&ln=en">Taccetti, F</a> (INFN, Florence) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Castelli%2C%20L&ln=en">Castelli, L</a> (INFN, Florence) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Chiari%2C%20M&ln=en">Chiari, M</a> (INFN, Florence) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Czelusniak%2C%20C&ln=en">Czelusniak, C</a> (INFN, Florence) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Falciano%2C%20S&ln=en">Falciano, S</a> (INFN, Rome ; GSSI, Aquila) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Fedi%2C%20M&ln=en">Fedi, M</a> (INFN, Florence) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Giambi%2C%20F&ln=en">Giambi, F</a> (INFN, Florence ; Florence U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Mand%C3%B2%2C%20P%20A&ln=en">Mandò, P A</a> (INFN, Florence ; Florence U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Manetti%2C%20M&ln=en">Manetti, M</a> (INFN, Florence) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Massi%2C%20M&ln=en">Massi, M</a> (INFN, Florence)<span id="more" style=""> ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Mazzinghi%2C%20A&ln=en">Mazzinghi, A</a> (INFN, Florence ; Florence U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Ruberto%2C%20C&ln=en">Ruberto, C</a> (INFN, Florence ; Florence U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Ronzino%2C%20P&ln=en">Ronzino, P</a> (U. Florence (main)) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Bini%2C%20I&ln=en">Bini, I</a> (INFN, Florence) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Frati%2C%20S&ln=en">Frati, S</a> (INFN, Florence) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Benetti%2C%20F&ln=en">Benetti, F</a> (INFN, Italy) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Guidi%2C%20M%20%20Cestelli&ln=en">Guidi, M Cestelli</a> (INFN, Italy) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Ciatti%2C%20M&ln=en">Ciatti, M</a> (Rome, Accad. Lincei) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Frosinini%2C%20C&ln=en">Frosinini, C</a> (INFN, Florence) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Rossi%2C%20S&ln=en">Rossi, S</a> (INFN, Florence) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Mathot%2C%20S&ln=en">Mathot, S</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Anelli%2C%20G&ln=en">Anelli, G</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Cipolla%2C%20G&ln=en">Cipolla, G</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Grudiev%2C%20A&ln=en">Grudiev, A</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Lombardi%2C%20A&ln=en">Lombardi, A</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Milne%2C%20E&ln=en">Milne, E</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Montesinos%2C%20E&ln=en">Montesinos, E</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Pommerenke%2C%20H&ln=en">Pommerenke, H</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Scibor%2C%20K&ln=en">Scibor, K</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Vretenar%2C%20M&ln=en">Vretenar, M</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Giuntini%2C%20L&ln=en">Giuntini, L</a> (INFN, Florence ; Florence U.)</span> <span id="extension"></span> <small><i><a id="link" href="#" onclick="toggle_authors_visibility()" style="color:rgb(204,0,0);"></a></i></small><script type="text/javascript">set_up()</script></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Publication </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">2023</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Number of pages </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">19</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> In: </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12210-022-01120-6"><i>Rend. Lincei Sci. Fis. Nat.</i> 34 (2023) 427-445</a> </a></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> DOI </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12210-022-01120-6" title="DOI" target="_blank">10.1007/s12210-022-01120-6</a> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Subject category </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">Accelerators and Storage Rings</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Abstract </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">Over the years, transportable instrumentation for cultural heritage (CH) in situ measurements has noticeably widespread, due to logistic, economical and safety reasons. Ion beam analysis, a powerful set of analytical techniques, of great importance for CH, is instead carried out by using fixed instrumentation. To overcome this limit, the Italian national Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN), CERN (European Centre for Nuclear Research) and the Opificio delle Pietre Dure (OPD), started MACHINA, the “Movable Accelerator for CH In-situ Non-destructive Analysis: the new generation of accelerators for art” to build a transportable accelerator, compact, with strongly reduced weight, absorbed power and cost. MACHINA will be installed at the OPD and dedicated to CH. It will be moved to major conservation centres and museums, when needed. The INFN-CERN proposal, approved in December 2017, became operative in February 2018. 2018 was dedicated to the acquisition of material/instrumentations, to set up both a dummy accelerator (to test the vacuum system) and a vacuum chamber (to test the source). Due to COVID, in 2020 and 2021 the experimental work was slowed down, but we kept developing the control electronics/software and built the second-generation supporting structure. The HF-RFQ power supplies were integrated in October 2021. At the rise of 2022, after conditioning the cavities, we tested the system and in March 2022 we got the first extracted 2-MeV proton beam. In this paper, we present the structure of the MACHINA system, the approach followed and the main solutions adopted, with a special focus on the control system, and finally the first experimental results.</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Copyright/License </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">Publication: © 2023-2025 The Author(s) (License: <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC-BY-4.0</a>)</td></tr> </table> <br/>Corresponding record in: <a href="http://inspirehep.net/record/2766142">Inspire</a> <small> </small> <br/> <br/><br/><div align="right"><div style="padding-bottom:2px;padding-top:30px;"><span class="moreinfo" style="margin-right:10px;"> <a href="" class="moreinfo">Back to search</a> </span></div></div> <div class="bottom-left-folded"><div class="recordlastmodifiedbox" style="position:relative;margin-left:1px"> Record created 2024-03-14, last modified 2024-09-26</div></div> <div class="bottom-right-folded" style="text-align:right;padding-bottom:2px;"> <span class="moreinfo" style="margin-right:10px;"><a href="/search?ln=en&p=recid%3A2891704&rm=wrd" class="moreinfo">Similar records</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> <br/> <br /> <div class="detailedrecordminipanel"> <div class="top-left"></div><div class="top-right"></div> <div class="inside"> <div id="detailedrecordminipanelfile" style="width:33%;float:left;text-align:center;margin-top:0"> <div><small class="detailedRecordActions">Fulltext:</small> <br /><a href="/record/2891704/files/s12210-022-01120-6.pdf"><img style="border:none" src="/img/file-icon-text-34x48.gif" alt="Download fulltext" /><br />PDF</a><br /></div> </div> <div id="detailedrecordminipanelreview" style="width:30%;float:left;text-align:center"> </div> <div id="detailedrecordminipanelactions" style="width:36%;float:right;text-align:right;"> <ul class="detailedrecordactions"> <li><a href="/yourbaskets/add?ln=en&recid=2891704">Add to personal basket</a></li> <li>Export as <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2891704/export/hx?ln=en">BibTeX</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2891704/export/hm?ln=en">MARC</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2891704/export/xm?ln=en">MARCXML</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2891704/export/xd?ln=en">DC</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2891704/export/xe?ln=en">EndNote</a>,  <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2891704/export/xn?ln=en">NLM</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2891704/export/xw?ln=en">RefWorks</a> </li> </ul> <div style='padding-left: 13px;'>  <div id="bookmark"></div> <div id="bookmark_sciencewise"></div> <style type="text/css"> #bookmark_sciencewise, #bookmark {float: left;} #bookmark_sciencewise li {padding: 2px; width: 25px;} #bookmark_sciencewise ul, #bookmark ul {list-style-image: none;} </style> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/jquery.bookmark.min.js"></script> <style type="text/css">@import "/css/jquery.bookmark.css";</style> <script type="text/javascript">// <![CDATA[ $.bookmark.addSite('sciencewise', 'ScienceWise.info', 'https://cds.cern.ch/img/sciencewise.png', 'en', 'bookmark', 'http://sciencewise.info/bookmarks/cds:2891704/add'); $('#bookmark_sciencewise').bookmark({sites: ['sciencewise']}); $('#bookmark').bookmark({ sites: ['facebook', 'twitter', 'linkedin', 'google_plusone'], icons: '/img/bookmarks.png', url: 'https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891704', addEmail: true, title: "MACHINA, the Movable Accelerator for Cultural Heritage In-situ Non-destructive Analysis: project overview", description: "Over the years, transportable instrumentation for cultural heritage (CH) in situ measurements has noticeably widespread, due to logistic, economical and safety reasons. Ion beam analysis, a powerful set of analytical techniques, of great importance for CH, is instead carried out by using fixed instrumentation. To overcome this limit, the Italian national Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN), CERN (European Centre for Nuclear Research) and the Opificio delle Pietre Dure (OPD), started MACHINA, the \u201cMovable Accelerator for CH In-situ Non-destructive Analysis: the new generation of accelerators for art\u201d to build a transportable accelerator, compact, with strongly reduced weight, absorbed power and cost. MACHINA will be installed at the OPD and dedicated to CH. It will be moved to major conservation centres and museums, when needed. The INFN-CERN proposal, approved in December 2017, became operative in February 2018. 2018 was dedicated to the acquisition of material/instrumentations, to set up both a dummy accelerator (to test the vacuum system) and a vacuum chamber (to test the source). Due to COVID, in 2020 and 2021 the experimental work was slowed down, but we kept developing the control electronics/software and built the second-generation supporting structure. The HF-RFQ power supplies were integrated in October 2021. At the rise of 2022, after conditioning the cavities, we tested the system and in March 2022 we got the first extracted 2-MeV proton beam. In this paper, we present the structure of the MACHINA system, the approach followed and the main solutions adopted, with a special focus on the control system, and finally the first experimental results." }); // ]]> </script>  </div> </div> <div style="clear:both;margin-bottom: 0;"></div> </div> <div class="bottom-left"></div><div class="bottom-right"></div> </div> </div></div> <footer id="footer" class="pagefooter clearfix">  <div class="pagefooterstripeleft"> CERN Document Server :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/?ln=en">Search</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/submit?ln=en">Submit</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/display?ln=en">Personalize</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/help/?ln=en">Help</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cern.service-now.com/service-portal?id=privacy_policy&se=CDS-Service" target="_blank">Privacy Notice</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://repository.cern/content-policy" target="_blank">Content Policy</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://repository.cern/terms" target="_blank">Terms and Conditions</a> <br /> Powered by <a class="footer" href="http://invenio-software.org/">Invenio</a> <br /> Maintained by <a class="footer" href="https://cern.service-now.com/service-portal?id=service_element&name=CDS-Service">CDS Service</a> - Need help? 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