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data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innhold</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Til toppen)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Tidlige_år" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tidlige_år"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Tidlige år</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tidlige_år-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Auschwitz" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Auschwitz"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Auschwitz</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Auschwitz-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etter_Auschwitz" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etter_Auschwitz"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Etter Auschwitz</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etter_Auschwitz-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Bibliografi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Bibliografi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underseksjonen Bibliografi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Bibliografi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Memoarer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Memoarer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Memoarer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Memoarer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Romaner" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Romaner"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Romaner</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Romaner-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dikt" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dikt"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Dikt</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dikt-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Noveller_og_essay" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Noveller_og_essay"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Noveller og essay</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Noveller_og_essay-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referanser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referanser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Referanser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referanser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_lenker" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_lenker"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Eksterne lenker</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_lenker-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innhold" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Primo Levi</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til en artikkel på et annet språk. Tilgjengelig på 64 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-64" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">64 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – islandsk" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%88_%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A" title="بريمو ليفي – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بريمو ليفي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – aragonsk" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%88_%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C" title="پریمو لوی – søraserbajdsjansk" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="پریمو لوی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="søraserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8B_%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF" title="প্রিমো লেভি – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্রিমো লেভি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%96" title="Прыма Леві – belarusisk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Прыма Леві" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%96" title="Прыма Леві – belarusisk (klassisk ortografi)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Прыма Леві" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="belarusisk (klassisk ortografi)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Примо Леви – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Примо Леви" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – bretonsk" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – katalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – tsjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tsjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – estisk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%BC%CE%BF_%CE%9B%CE%AD%CE%B2%CE%B9" title="Πρίμο Λέβι – gresk" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πρίμο Λέβι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gresk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%88_%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C" title="پریمو لوی – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پریمو لوی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – irsk" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – skotsk-gælisk" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="skotsk-gælisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – galisisk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC%EB%AA%A8_%EB%A0%88%EB%B9%84" title="프리모 레비 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="프리모 레비" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%B4%D5%B8_%D4%BC%D6%87%D5%AB" title="Պրիմո Լևի – armensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պրիմո Լևի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – kroatisk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%95_%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%99" title="פרימו לוי – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פרימו לוי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – javanesisk" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – jødespansk" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="jødespansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primus_Levi" title="Primus Levi – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Primus Levi" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – latvisk" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – luxemburgsk" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Примо Леви – makedonsk" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Примо Леви" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8B_%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF" title="പ്രിമോ ലെവി – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പ്രിമോ ലെവി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%98" title="პრიმო ლევი – mingrelsk" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="პრიმო ლევი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%88_%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%89" title="بريمو ليفى – egyptisk arabisk" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بريمو ليفى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptisk arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – malayisk" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malayisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%97%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A2%E3%83%BB%E3%83%AC%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A3" title="プリーモ・レーヴィ – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="プリーモ・レーヴィ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – oksitansk" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – piemontesisk" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – rumensk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8,_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE" title="Леви, Примо – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Леви, Примо" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – sardisk" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – enkel engelsk" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="enkel engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – slovensk" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Примо Леви – serbisk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Примо Леви" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – serbokroatisk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BE_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%96" title="Прімо Леві – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Прімо Леві" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – venetiansk" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venetiansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Primo Levi – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Primo Levi" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E9%87%8C%E8%8E%AB%C2%B7%E8%8E%B1%E7%BB%B4" title="普里莫·莱维 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="普里莫·莱维" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E9%87%8C%E8%8E%AB%C2%B7%E8%8E%B1%E7%BB%B4" title="普里莫·莱维 – kinesisk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="普里莫·莱维" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q153670#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Rediger lenker til artikkelen på andre språk" class="wbc-editpage">Rediger lenker</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Navnerom"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Primo_Levi" title="Vis innholdssiden [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikkel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskusjon:Primo_Levi" rel="discussion" title="Diskusjon om innholdssiden [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskusjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Bytt språkvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">norsk bokmål</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visninger"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Primo_Levi"><span>Les</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primo_Levi&veaction=edit" title="Rediger siden [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Rediger</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primo_Levi&action=edit" title="Rediger kildekoden for denne siden [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Rediger kilde</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primo_Levi&action=history" title="Tidligere sideversjoner av denne siden [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Vis historikk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sideverktøy"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verktøy" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Verktøy</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Verktøy</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Flere alternativer" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Handlinger </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Primo_Levi"><span>Les</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primo_Levi&veaction=edit" title="Rediger siden [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Rediger</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primo_Levi&action=edit" title="Rediger kildekoden for denne siden [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Rediger kilde</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primo_Levi&action=history"><span>Vis historikk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Generelt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Lenker_hit/Primo_Levi" title="Liste over alle wikisider som lenker hit [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Lenker hit</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Relaterte_endringer/Primo_Levi" rel="nofollow" title="Siste endringer i sider som blir lenket fra denne siden [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Relaterte endringer</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=no" title="Last opp filer [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Last opp fil</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Spesialsider" title="Liste over alle spesialsider [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Spesialsider</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primo_Levi&oldid=24738457" title="Permanent lenke til denne versjonen av siden"><span>Permanent lenke</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primo_Levi&action=info" title="Mer informasjon om denne siden"><span>Sideinformasjon</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Siteringshjelp&page=Primo_Levi&id=24738457&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasjon om hvordan denne siden kan siteres"><span>Siter denne siden</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fno.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPrimo_Levi"><span>Hent forkortet URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fno.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPrimo_Levi"><span>Last ned QR-kode</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Skriv ut / eksporter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Primo_Levi&action=show-download-screen"><span>Last ned som PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primo_Levi&printable=yes" title="Utskriftsvennlig versjon av denne siden [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Utskriftsvennlig versjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> På andre prosjekter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Primo_Levi" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q153670" title="Lenke til koblet dataregisterelement [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-element</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sideverktøy"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Utseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Utseende</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skjul</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Fra Wikipedia, den frie encyklopedi</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nb" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r24461009">.mw-parser-output .wb-edithandle{display:none;padding-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .wd-editable-show .wb-edithandle{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .wd-editable-hide .wb-edithandle{display:none}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks{float:right;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:3px;margin:0.5em 0em 1em 1em;background-color:#f9f9f9;vertical-align:top;text-align:left;font-size:88%}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.overskrift th{text-align:center;font-weight:bold;font-size:larger;border:none}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.bilde td{background-color:#fff;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;border:none}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks th{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc;text-align:center;padding-left:3px;padding-right:3px;padding-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks td{background-color:#efefef;border-bottom:1px solid #ccc;margin:4px;padding:3px}.mw-parser-output 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table.infoboks tr.overskrift td{text-align:center;font-weight:bold;background-color:#eee;border:none;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.1em}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.geografi tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.biografi tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.transport tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bygning tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.infrastruktur tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bred tr.overskrift td{font-size:larger}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.ekstrabred tr.overskrift td{font-size:larger}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bordered tr.rad th{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bordered tr.rad td{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r24461009"><table class="infobox infoboks biografi fastbredde"><tbody><tr class="hode overskrift"><th colspan="4">Primo Levi</th></tr> <tr class="bilde" valign="top"><td colspan="4" class="sentrert"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Primo_Levi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Primo_Levi.jpg/250px-Primo_Levi.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="382" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Primo_Levi.jpg/375px-Primo_Levi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Primo_Levi.jpg/500px-Primo_Levi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="670" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr> <tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><span class="edit-props-marker edit-props-P1477 edit-props-P569 edit-props-P19">Født</span></th><td colspan="2"><span><span><span lang="it">Primo Levi</span></span></span><br /><span><a href="/wiki/31._juli" title="31. juli">31. juli</a> <a href="/wiki/1919" title="1919">1919</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-hash-446ff1af2fab75572f4b3282c8f4181d45387f67_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-446ff1af2fab75572f4b3282c8f4181d45387f67-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hash-9b1954d6e04a6e177a7d42672ab0063ff677ea06_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-9b1954d6e04a6e177a7d42672ab0063ff677ea06-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><span class="wb-edithandle" data-bridge-edit-flow="single-best-value"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q153670?uselang=nb#P569" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Torino" title="Torino">Torino</a><sup id="cite_ref-hash-332d162d365fc309135025684aa893bfe39caf21_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-332d162d365fc309135025684aa893bfe39caf21-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hash-f2a93977afb6ae5651243f2239fdb7425c221448_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-f2a93977afb6ae5651243f2239fdb7425c221448-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hash-098f5fc4635140fcc44290dc03147ed6f4bedea3_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-098f5fc4635140fcc44290dc03147ed6f4bedea3-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><span class="edit-props-marker edit-props-P570 edit-props-P20 edit-props-P509">Død</span></th><td colspan="2"><span><a href="/wiki/11._april" title="11. april">11. apr.</a> <a href="/wiki/1987" title="1987">1987</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-hash-b15d6e186d2dd20d5f8769dbb764dbf7b6ef7cab_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-b15d6e186d2dd20d5f8769dbb764dbf7b6ef7cab-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hash-274565d7568c32a4ecb6b04d940e94ee9bcb90b8_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-274565d7568c32a4ecb6b04d940e94ee9bcb90b8-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hash-446ff1af2fab75572f4b3282c8f4181d45387f67_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-446ff1af2fab75572f4b3282c8f4181d45387f67-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hash-23343781fd1f447e854afa418ead5d24b556adaf_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-23343781fd1f447e854afa418ead5d24b556adaf-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><span class="wb-edithandle" data-bridge-edit-flow="single-best-value"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q153670?uselang=nb#P570" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> (67 år)<br /><a href="/wiki/Torino" title="Torino">Torino</a><sup id="cite_ref-hash-82136f8a98a4982f31e232ee983777c369136231_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-82136f8a98a4982f31e232ee983777c369136231-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hash-f2a93977afb6ae5651243f2239fdb7425c221448_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-f2a93977afb6ae5651243f2239fdb7425c221448-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Beskjeftigelse</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Kjemiker" title="Kjemiker">Kjemiker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poet" title="Poet">lyriker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Politiker" title="Politiker">politiker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Skribent_(beskjeftigelse)" class="mw-redirect" title="Skribent (beskjeftigelse)">skribent</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romanforfatter" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanforfatter">romanforfatter</a>, science fiction-forfatter, selvbiograf, <a href="/wiki/Filosof" class="mw-redirect" title="Filosof">filosof</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oversetter" class="mw-redirect" title="Oversetter">oversetter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Essayist" class="mw-redirect" title="Essayist">essayist</a> <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q153670?uselang=nb#P106" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Utdannet ved</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Universitetet_i_Torino" title="Universitetet i Torino">Universitetet i Torino</a><br />Liceo Classico Massimo D'Azeglio</td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Ektefelle</th><td colspan="2">Lucia Morpurgo</td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Parti</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Partito_d%E2%80%99Azione" title="Partito d’Azione">Partito d'Azione</a></td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Nasjonalitet</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">Italia</a> (<span title="startdato: 18. jun. 1946">1946</span>–<span title="sluttdato: 11. apr. 1987">1987</span>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Konged%C3%B8mmet_Italia" title="Kongedømmet Italia">Kongedømmet Italia</a> (<span title="startdato: 31. jul. 1919">1919</span>–<span title="sluttdato: 18. jun. 1946">1946</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-hash-f2a93977afb6ae5651243f2239fdb7425c221448_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-f2a93977afb6ae5651243f2239fdb7425c221448-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Gravlagt</th><td colspan="2">Cimitero Monumentale di Torino</td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Utmerkelser</th><td colspan="2"> <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <div class="sentrert">6 oppføringer</div> <div class="mw-collapsible-content"><a href="/wiki/Premio_Strega" title="Premio Strega">Premio Strega</a> (<span title="tidspunkt: 1967">1967</span>)<br />Premio Viareggio (<span title="tidspunkt: 1982">1982</span>)<br />Bagutta-prisen (<span title="tidspunkt: 1967">1967</span>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Premio_Feltrinelli" title="Premio Feltrinelli">Premio Feltrinelli</a><br />Grawemeyer Award for Music Composition (<span title="tidspunkt: 1997">1997</span>)<br />Premio Campiello (<span title="tidspunkt: 1963">1963</span>)</div> </div> </td></tr><tr class="rad"><td colspan="4"><hr /><div class="sentrert"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Primo_Levi" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Primo Levi">Primo Levi på Commons</a></div></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Primo Levi</b> (1919–1987) var en <a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">italiensk</a> kjemiker og forfatter. Han skrev to romaner og flere samlinger av noveller, essay og dikt, men er mest kjent for <i>Se questo è un uomo</i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Hvis_dette_er_et_menneske" title="Hvis dette er et menneske">Hvis dette er et menneske</a></i>) fra 1947, der han skriver om sitt år som fange i konsentrasjonsleiren <a href="/wiki/Auschwitz" title="Auschwitz">Auschwitz</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tidlige_år"><span id="Tidlige_.C3.A5r"></span>Tidlige år</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primo_Levi&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Rediger avsnitt: Tidlige år" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primo_Levi&action=edit&section=1" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Tidlige år"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Levi vokste opp i en liberal jødisk familie. Inspirert av <a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Bragg" title="William Henry Bragg">William Henry Braggs</a> <i>Concerning the nature of thing</i> (1925) bestemte han seg for å studere <a href="/wiki/Kjemi" title="Kjemi">kjemi</a>, og ble innrullert ved <a href="/wiki/Universitetet_i_Torino" title="Universitetet i Torino">Universitetet i Torino</a> i 1937. Året etter innførte <a href="/wiki/Fascist-Italia" class="mw-redirect" title="Fascist-Italia">fascistregjeringen i Italia</a> raselover som blant annet forbød <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B8der" title="Jøder">jødiske</a> studenter opptak ved offentlige utdanningsorganisasjoner. Allerede innrullerte studenter fikk imidlertid fortsette, men lovene forhindret Levi fra å utføre eksperimentelt arbeid til den avsluttende avhandlingen sin. Han leverte i stedet en teoretisk oppgave om <a href="/w/index.php?title=Walden-inversjon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Walden-inversjon (ikke skrevet ennå)">Walden-inversjon</a> (<i>L’inversione di Walden</i>) sommeren 1941. </p><p>Raselovene gjorde det også vanskelig å finne en jobb etterpå, men i desember samme år ble han under falskt navn ansatt ved en <a href="/wiki/Asbest" title="Asbest">asbestmine</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Vittore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="San Vittore (ikke skrevet ennå)">San Vittore</a> for å utvinne <a href="/wiki/Nikkel" title="Nikkel">nikkel</a> fra <a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A5berg" title="Gråberg">gråberg</a>. Siden jobbet han en kort periode for et <a href="/wiki/Sveitsisk" class="mw-redirect" title="Sveitsisk">sveitsisk</a> firma i <a href="/wiki/Milano" title="Milano">Milano</a>, som fordi det var sveitsisk ikke var omfattet av raselovene. I 1943 ble 24 år gamle Levi med i den lokale <a href="/wiki/Den_italienske_motstandsbevegelsen" title="Den italienske motstandsbevegelsen">motstandsgruppen</a> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Giustizia_e_Libert%C3%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giustizia e Libertà (ikke skrevet ennå)">Giustizia e Libertà</a></i>, tilknyttet <a href="/wiki/Partito_d%27Azione" class="mw-redirect" title="Partito d'Azione">Partito d'Azione</a>, men ble raskt arrestert og sendt til <a href="/wiki/Campo_di_Fossoli" title="Campo di Fossoli">Carpi-Fossoli-leiren</a> ved <a href="/wiki/Modena" title="Modena">Modena</a>. Da leiren ble overtatt av tyskerne i februar 1944, ble Levi og 650 andre jøder satt på et tog til <a href="/wiki/Auschwitz" title="Auschwitz">Auschwitz</a> III (Monowitz-Buna). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Auschwitz">Auschwitz</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primo_Levi&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Rediger avsnitt: Auschwitz" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primo_Levi&action=edit&section=2" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Auschwitz"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Oppholdet i Auschwitz som «<i>Häftling</i> 174.517» er skildret i <i>Se questo è un uomo</i> (<i>Hvis dette er et menneske</i>), utgitt allerede i 1947. Levi har beskrevet «trangen til å la “de andre” få vite» som «et umiddelbart og absolutt behov, påtrengende nok til å kunne sammenlignes med ethvert annet primærbehov».<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Boken er et brutalt vitnesbyrd om det daglige livet i leiren, om hvordan fangene ble brutt ned og fratatt sin verdighet og menneskelighet, og også om de spesielle sosiale og økonomiske strukturene som oppstod i samspillet mellom fangene i leiren der matrasjoner ble en slags valuta, og der alt handlet om å overleve til neste dag. Boken er skrevet i et usentimentalt språk, og Levi lar bildene og historiene tale for seg selv. Samtidig gjør han seg mange filosofisk-psykologiske betraktninger, og interessant er det at Levi tross alt bestemmer seg for å beholde sin tro på mennesket:<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r22146855">@media only screen and (min-width:840px){.mw-parser-output .aligned-right{float:right;width:20em;margin:0.5em 0 2.2em 1em;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .aligned-left{float:left;width:20em;padding-left:0em;border-left:none;border-right:solid 0.3em #eee;clear:left}}@media all{.mw-parser-output .quoted{text-align:right;font-size:smaller}.mw-parser-output .textbox-heading{font-weight:bold;line-height:2}}.mw-parser-output .mw-parser-output>dl:first-child dd{margin-left:0;margin-right:0;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em;border-left:0.4em solid green;border-right:1px solid silver}.mw-parser-output .mw-parser-output>dl:first-child dd:first-child{margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0.5em;border-top:1px solid silver}.mw-parser-output .mw-parser-output>dl:first-child dd:last-child{margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0.5em;border-bottom:1px solid silver}.mw-parser-output .mw-parser-output>dl:first-child dd+dd{padding-top:0.5em}</style> <blockquote class="" style=""><p><span class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Laquote.svg/17px-Laquote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Laquote.svg/26px-Laquote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Laquote.svg/34px-Laquote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></span></span>Vi tror ikke på den enkleste og mest åpenbare slutning: At mennesket viser seg grunnleggende brutalt, egoistisk og ubegavet straks enhver overbygning av sivilisasjon fjernes, og at Häftling'en følgelig ikke er annet enn et menneske løst fra sine hemninger. Vi tror snarere at den eneste konklusjonen som her kan trekkes, er at mange vaner og sosiale instinkter bringes til taushet når mennesket utsettes for en tilstrekkelig grad av fysisk ubehag og nød.<span class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Raquote.svg/17px-Raquote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Raquote.svg/26px-Raquote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Raquote.svg/34px-Raquote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></span></span> </p></blockquote> <p>Levi husket hva en av vaktene i Auschwitz uttalte: «Selv om noen skulle overleve, ville ingen tro ham. Det vil kanskje være mistanke, diskusjoner, forskning utført av historikere, men ikke noe vil være sikkert fordi vi vil ødelegge bevisene sammen med dere.»<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etter_Auschwitz">Etter Auschwitz</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primo_Levi&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Rediger avsnitt: Etter Auschwitz" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primo_Levi&action=edit&section=3" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Etter Auschwitz"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Levi ble befridd da <a href="/wiki/Den_r%C3%B8de_arm%C3%A9" title="Den røde armé">Den røde armé</a> ankom leirene i januar 1945, men han nådde ikke hjem til Torino før i oktober. Den strabasiøse hjemreisen er beskrevet i <i>La tregua</i> (<i>Våpenstillstanden</i>), som viser vanskelighetene krigsfanger og andre hjemløse møtte i tiden rett etter at krigen var avsluttet. </p><p>Tilbake i Italia tok Levi igjen jobb som kjemiker, samtidig som han begynte å skrive på fritiden. Han giftet seg med Lucia Morpurgo i 1948 og de fikk datteren Lisa, og senere sønnen Renzo. Etter 26 år på malingfabrikken SIVA trappet han i 1974 ned arbeidet der for å bruke mer tid på skrivingen. Året etter kom <i>Il sistema periodico</i> («Det periodiske system», på norsk i 2019) en samling hovedsakelig selvbiografiske noveller, der hver novelle på en eller annen måte er knyttet til et <a href="/wiki/Grunnstoff" title="Grunnstoff">grunnstoff</a>. Britiske <a href="/wiki/Royal_Institution" title="Royal Institution">Royal Institution</a> har beskrevet den som den beste naturvitenskapsboken noengang skrevet.<sup id="cite_ref-Randerson_2006_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Randerson_2006-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Levi led av <a href="/wiki/Depresjon" title="Depresjon">depresjon</a>, noe som trolig ikke bare skyldtes oppholdet i Auschwitz, men også andre faktorer, som det kompliserte forholdet til den dominerende og kalde moren. Levi var stort sett svært lukket rundt sitt indre liv, og begynte først å skrive om det i <i>Il doppio legame</i> (Dobbeltbindingen), som aldri ble ferdig.<sup id="cite_ref-Angier_2002_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Angier_2002-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>Da Levi døde i 1987 etter et fall fra tredje etasje ble det tolket som selvmord, men det er ingen klare bevis for dette, og enkelte ting kan tyde på at det heller dreide seg om en ulykke. Levi hadde for eksempel lagt planer for fremtiden, og dagen før han døde klaget han til legen sin over svimmelhet.<sup id="cite_ref-Gambetta_1999_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gambetta_1999-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografi">Bibliografi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primo_Levi&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Rediger avsnitt: Bibliografi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primo_Levi&action=edit&section=4" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Bibliografi"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Memoarer">Memoarer</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primo_Levi&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Rediger avsnitt: Memoarer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primo_Levi&action=edit&section=5" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Memoarer"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Se questo è un uomo</i> (1947). Norsk oversettelse 1990: <i><a href="/wiki/Hvis_dette_er_et_menneske" title="Hvis dette er et menneske">Hvis dette er et menneske</a></i></li> <li><i>La tregua</i> (1963). Norsk oversettelse 1992: <i>Våpenstillstanden</i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Romaner">Romaner</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primo_Levi&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Rediger avsnitt: Romaner" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primo_Levi&action=edit&section=6" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Romaner"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>La chiave a stella</i> (1978)</li> <li><i>Se non ora, quando?</i> (1984). Norsk oversettelse 1987: <i>Besøkelsestid</i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dikt">Dikt</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primo_Levi&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Rediger avsnitt: Dikt" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primo_Levi&action=edit&section=7" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Dikt"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>L'osteria di Brema'</i> (1978).</li> <li><i>Ad ora incerta</i> (1984).</li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Noveller_og_essay">Noveller og essay</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primo_Levi&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Rediger avsnitt: Noveller og essay" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primo_Levi&action=edit&section=8" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Noveller og essay"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Storie naturali</i> (1966).</li> <li><i>Vizio di forma</i> (1971).</li> <li><i>Il sistema periodico</i> (1975).</li> <li><i>La ricerca delle radici</i> (1981)</li> <li><i>L'altrui mestiere</i> (1985)</li> <li><i>I sommersi e i salvati</i> (1986).</li> <li><i>Racconti e Saggi</i> (1986)</li> <li><i>Conversazioni e interviste 1963–1987</i> (1997)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referanser">Referanser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primo_Levi&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Rediger avsnitt: Referanser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primo_Levi&action=edit&section=9" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Referanser"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-hash-446ff1af2fab75572f4b3282c8f4181d45387f67-1"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-446ff1af2fab75572f4b3282c8f4181d45387f67_1-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-446ff1af2fab75572f4b3282c8f4181d45387f67_1-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"> <span><span>Archive of Fine Arts</span></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cs.isabart.org/person/101218">cs.isabart.org</a>, abART person-ID <span><span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cs.isabart.org/person/101218">101218</a></span></span>, besøkt 1. april 2021<sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-9b1954d6e04a6e177a7d42672ab0063ff677ea06-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-9b1954d6e04a6e177a7d42672ab0063ff677ea06_2-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> arkiv-URL <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180604034125/http://www.primolevi.it/Web/Italiano/Contenuti/Biografia/110_Cronologia">web.archive.org</a><sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-332d162d365fc309135025684aa893bfe39caf21-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-332d162d365fc309135025684aa893bfe39caf21_3-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <span><span><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">Gemeinsame Normdatei</a></span></span>, besøkt 11. desember 2014<sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-f2a93977afb6ae5651243f2239fdb7425c221448-4"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-f2a93977afb6ae5651243f2239fdb7425c221448_4-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-f2a93977afb6ae5651243f2239fdb7425c221448_4-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hash-f2a93977afb6ae5651243f2239fdb7425c221448_4-2"><sup>c</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"> <span><span>Treccani-leksikonet online</span></span>, Treccani-ID <span><span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/primo-levi">primo-levi</a></span></span>, besøkt 16. august 2021<sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-098f5fc4635140fcc44290dc03147ed6f4bedea3-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-098f5fc4635140fcc44290dc03147ed6f4bedea3_5-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <span><span><a href="/wiki/Internet_Movie_Database" title="Internet Movie Database">Internet Movie Database</a></span></span>, IMDb-ID <span><span><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=345&url_prefix=https://www.imdb.com/&id=nm0505485">nm0505485</a></span></span><sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-b15d6e186d2dd20d5f8769dbb764dbf7b6ef7cab-6"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-b15d6e186d2dd20d5f8769dbb764dbf7b6ef7cab_6-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <span><span>Encyclopædia Britannica Online</span></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica Online-ID <span><span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Primo-Levi">biography/Primo-Levi</a></span></span>, besøkt 9. oktober 2017<sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-274565d7568c32a4ecb6b04d940e94ee9bcb90b8-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-274565d7568c32a4ecb6b04d940e94ee9bcb90b8_7-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <span><span><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">Gemeinsame Normdatei</a></span></span>, besøkt 26. april 2014<sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-23343781fd1f447e854afa418ead5d24b556adaf-8"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-23343781fd1f447e854afa418ead5d24b556adaf_8-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <span><span>Babelio</span></span>, Babelio forfatter-ID <span><span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.babelio.com/auteur/wd/5709">5709</a></span></span><sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-82136f8a98a4982f31e232ee983777c369136231-9"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-82136f8a98a4982f31e232ee983777c369136231_9-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <span><span><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">Gemeinsame Normdatei</a></span></span>, besøkt 31. desember 2014<sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Levi (1990) <i>Hvis dette er et menneske</i>, s. 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Levi (1990), s. 82</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Adams, Tim (24. februar 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/books/2002/feb/24/historybooks.features">«Memories are made of this»</a>. <i>The Observer</i> (på engelsk). <a href="/wiki/Internasjonalt_standard_periodikanummer" title="Internasjonalt standard periodikanummer">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0029-7712">0029-7712</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 26. oktober 2019</span>. «Even if someone were to survive, the world would not believe him. There will be perhaps suspicions, discussions, research by historians, but there will be no certainties, because we will destroy the evidence together with you.»</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APrimo+Levi&rft.atitle=Memories+are+made+of+this&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.date=2002-02-24&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=0029-7712&rft.jtitle=The+Observer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbooks%2F2002%2Ffeb%2F24%2Fhistorybooks.features&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Randerson_2006-13"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Randerson_2006_13-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Randerson, James (21. oktober 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2006/oct/21/uk.books">«Levi's memoir beats Darwin to win science book title»</a>. The Guardian<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 17. juli 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APrimo+Levi&rft.au=Randerson%2C+James&rft.btitle=Levi%27s+memoir+beats+Darwin+to+win+science+book+title&rft.date=2006-10-21&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=The+Guardian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guardian.co.uk%2Fscience%2F2006%2Foct%2F21%2Fuk.books&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Angier_2002-14"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Angier_2002_14-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Angier, Carole (9. mars 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2002/mar/09/biography.artsandhumanities?INTCMP=SRCH">«The secret life of Primo Levi»</a>. The Guardian<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 17. juli 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APrimo+Levi&rft.au=Angier%2C+Carole&rft.btitle=The+secret+life+of+Primo+Levi&rft.date=2002-03-09&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=The+Guardian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guardian.co.uk%2Fbooks%2F2002%2Fmar%2F09%2Fbiography.artsandhumanities%3FINTCMP%3DSRCH&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gambetta_1999-15"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gambetta_1999_15-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <cite class="citation web">Gambetta, Diego (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110608220336/http://www.bostonreview.net/BR24.3/gambetta.html">«Primo Levi's Last Moments»</a>. Boston Review. Arkivert fra <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bostonreview.net/BR24.3/gambetta.html">originalen</a> 8. juni 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besøkt 17. juli 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fno.wikipedia.org%3APrimo+Levi&rft.au=Gambetta%2C+Diego&rft.btitle=Primo+Levi%27s+Last+Moments&rft.date=1999&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Boston+Review&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bostonreview.net%2FBR24.3%2Fgambetta.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_lenker">Eksterne lenker</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primo_Levi&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Rediger avsnitt: Eksterne lenker" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Primo_Levi&action=edit&section=10" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Eksterne lenker"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="bjeller languageicon" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);cursor:help;" title="engelsk">(en)</span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Primo_Levi" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Primo Levi">Primo Levi</a> – kategori av bilder, video eller lyd på <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Commons</a> <span class="noprint plainlinks wikidata-linkback wd_p373"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q153670?uselang=nb#P373" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="bjeller languageicon" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);cursor:help;" title="engelsk">(en)</span> <a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=345&url_prefix=https://www.imdb.com/&id=nm0505485">Primo Levi</a> på <a href="/wiki/Internet_Movie_Database" title="Internet Movie Database">Internet Movie Database</a> <span class="noprint plainlinks wikidata-linkback wd_p345"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q153670?uselang=nb#P345" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="bjeller languageicon" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);cursor:help;" title="norsk">(no)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sceneweb.no/nb/artist/141103">Primo Levi</a> hos <a href="/wiki/Sceneweb" title="Sceneweb">Sceneweb</a> <span class="noprint plainlinks wikidata-linkback wd_p10298"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q153670?uselang=nb#P10298" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="bjeller languageicon" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);cursor:help;" title="fransk">(fr)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allocine.fr/personne/fichepersonne_gen_cpersonne=86319.html">Primo Levi</a> på Allociné <span class="noprint plainlinks wikidata-linkback wd_p1266"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q153670?uselang=nb#P1266" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="bjeller languageicon" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);cursor:help;" title="engelsk">(en)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmovie.com/artist/p222175">Primo Levi</a> på <a href="/wiki/AllMovie" title="AllMovie">AllMovie</a> <span class="noprint plainlinks wikidata-linkback wd_p2019"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q153670?uselang=nb#P2019" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="bjeller languageicon" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);cursor:help;" title="engelsk">(en)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.themoviedb.org/person/1770936">Primo Levi</a> hos <a href="/wiki/The_Movie_Database" title="The Movie Database">The Movie Database</a> <span class="noprint plainlinks wikidata-linkback wd_p4985"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q153670?uselang=nb#P4985" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="bjeller languageicon" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);cursor:help;" title="engelsk">(en)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/394809">Primo Levi</a> hos <a href="/wiki/Internet_Broadway_Database" title="Internet Broadway Database">Internet Broadway Database</a> <span class="noprint plainlinks wikidata-linkback wd_p1220"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q153670?uselang=nb#P1220" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23230704">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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