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<li id="toc-Formation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Formation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Formation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Formation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_NDA" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_NDA"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>In NDA</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_NDA-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Out_of_NDA" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Out_of_NDA"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Out of NDA</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Out_of_NDA-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Mahagathbandhan_(Grand_Alliance)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Mahagathbandhan_(Grand_Alliance)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>The Mahagathbandhan (Grand Alliance)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Mahagathbandhan_(Grand_Alliance)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alliance_with_NDA" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alliance_with_NDA"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Alliance with NDA</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alliance_with_NDA-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Out_of_NDA_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Out_of_NDA_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Out of NDA</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Out_of_NDA_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reorganisation_after_2020_Assembly_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reorganisation_after_2020_Assembly_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>Reorganisation after 2020 Assembly elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reorganisation_after_2020_Assembly_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2024_Lok_Sabha_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2024_Lok_Sabha_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8</span> <span>2024 Lok Sabha elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2024_Lok_Sabha_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Electoral_performance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Electoral_performance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Electoral performance</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Electoral_performance-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Electoral performance subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Electoral_performance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Lok_Sabha_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lok_Sabha_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Lok Sabha elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lok_Sabha_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Assembly_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Assembly_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Assembly elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Assembly_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prominent_members" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prominent_members"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Prominent members</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prominent_members-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_chief_ministers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_chief_ministers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>List of chief ministers</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-List_of_chief_ministers-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle List of chief ministers subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-List_of_chief_ministers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Chief_ministers_of_Bihar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chief_ministers_of_Bihar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Chief ministers of Bihar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chief_ministers_of_Bihar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_ministers_in_union_government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_ministers_in_union_government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>List of ministers in union government</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_ministers_in_union_government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-National_presidents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_presidents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>National presidents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-National_presidents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Janata Dal (United)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 35 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-35" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">35 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B2_(%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1)" title="जनता दल (युनाइटेड) – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="जनता दल (युनाइटेड)" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84_(%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%AF)" title="جنتا دال (يونايتد) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جنتا دال (يونايتد)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%B2_(%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4)" title="জনতা দল (সংযুক্ত) – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জনতা দল (সংযুক্ত)" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B2_(%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1)" title="जनता दल (युनाइटेड) – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="जनता दल (युनाइटेड)" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janata_Dal_(United)" title="Janata Dal (United) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Janata Dal (United)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janata_Dal_(United)" title="Janata Dal (United) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Janata Dal (United)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janata_Dal_(United)" title="Janata Dal (United) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Janata Dal (United)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84_(%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF)" title="جاناتا دال (متحد) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جاناتا دال (متحد)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janata_Dal_(Uni)" title="Janata Dal (Uni) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Janata Dal (Uni)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B2_(%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1)" title="जनता दल (यूनाइटेड) – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जनता दल (यूनाइटेड)" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janata_Dal_(United)" title="Janata Dal (United) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Janata Dal (United)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%27%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%94_%D7%93%D7%90%D7%9C_(%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%95%D7%97%D7%93%D7%AA)" title="ג'נטה דאל (מאוחדת) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ג'נטה דאל (מאוחדת)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4_%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BE_%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%B3" title="ಸಂಯುಕ್ತ ಜನತಾ ದಳ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸಂಯುಕ್ತ ಜನತಾ ದಳ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B2_(%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1)" title="जनता दल (युनाइटेड) – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="जनता दल (युनाइटेड)" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%BE_(%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D)" title="ജനതാദൾ (യുനൈറ്റഡ്) – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ജനതാദൾ (യുനൈറ്റഡ്)" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B2_(%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4)" title="जनता दल (संयुक्त) – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="जनता दल (संयुक्त)" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janata_Dal_(United)" title="Janata Dal (United) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Janata Dal (United)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B2_(%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1)" title="जनता दल (यूनाइटेड) – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="जनता दल (यूनाइटेड)" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A3%E3%83%8A%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BB%E3%83%80%E3%83%AB_(%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E6%B4%BE)" title="ジャナタ・ダル (統一派) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジャナタ・ダル (統一派)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B2_(%E0%A8%AF%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%88%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A1)" title="ਜਨਤਾ ਦਲ (ਯੂਨਾਈਟਿਡ) – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਜਨਤਾ ਦਲ (ਯੂਨਾਈਟਿਡ)" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7_%D8%AF%D9%84_(%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%DB%81)" title="جنتا دل (متحدہ) – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جنتا دل (متحدہ)" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/JD(U)" title="JD(U) – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="JD(U)" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janata_Dal_(United)" title="Janata Dal (United) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Janata Dal (United)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janata_Dal_(United)" title="Janata Dal (United) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Janata Dal (United)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janata_Dal_(United)" title="Janata Dal (United) – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Janata Dal (United)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D(%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D)" title="जनतादलम्(संयुक्तम्) – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="जनतादलम्(संयुक्तम्)" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A1%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%9B%E1%B1%9F_%E1%B1%AB%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%9E_(%E1%B1%A1%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AB)" title="ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱛᱟ ᱫᱚᱞ (ᱡᱩᱢᱤᱫ) – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱛᱟ ᱫᱚᱞ (ᱡᱩᱢᱤᱫ)" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janata_Dal_(United)" title="Janata Dal (United) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Janata Dal (United)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janata_Dal_(United)" title="Janata Dal (United) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Janata Dal (United)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janata_Dal_(United)" title="Janata Dal (United) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Janata Dal (United)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%90%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%9C%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="ஐக்கிய ஜனதா தளம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஐக்கிய ஜனதா தளம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B3%E0%B1%8D_(%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D)" title="జనతాదళ్ (యునైటెడ్) – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="జనతాదళ్ (యునైటెడ్)" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janata_Dal_(United)" title="Janata Dal (United) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Janata Dal (United)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7_%D8%AF%D9%84_(%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%DB%81)" title="جنتا دل (متحدہ) – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جنتا دل (متحدہ)" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E9%BB%A8%EF%BC%88%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%EF%BC%89" title="人民黨（聯合） – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="人民黨（聯合）" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%;"><div style="padding-top:0.3em; padding-bottom:0.3em; border-top:2px solid #003366; border-bottom:2px solid #003366; line-height: 1;"><div class="fn org">Janata Dal (United)</div> </div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo" style="padding-top:.4em;padding-bottom:.3em;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Janata_Dal_(United)_Flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Janata_Dal_%28United%29_Flag.svg/200px-Janata_Dal_%28United%29_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Janata_Dal_%28United%29_Flag.svg/300px-Janata_Dal_%28United%29_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Janata_Dal_%28United%29_Flag.svg/400px-Janata_Dal_%28United%29_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1125" data-file-height="806" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Abbreviation</th><td class="infobox-data nickname" style="line-height:1.3em;">JD(U)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Party_leader" title="Party leader">Leader</a></th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Nitish_Kumar" title="Nitish Kumar">Nitish Kumar</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Lok_Sabha" title="Lok Sabha">Lok Sabha</a> Leader</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Dileshwar_Kamait" title="Dileshwar Kamait">Dileshwar Kamait</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Rajya_Sabha" title="Rajya Sabha">Rajya Sabha</a> Leader</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Sanjay_Kumar_Jha" title="Sanjay Kumar Jha">Sanjay Kumar Jha</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sharad_Yadav" title="Sharad Yadav">Sharad Yadav</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/George_Fernandes" title="George Fernandes">George Fernandes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Nitish_Kumar" title="Nitish Kumar">Nitish Kumar</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">30 October 2003<span class="noprint"> (21 years ago)</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">30 October 2003</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Merger of</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Janata_Dal" title="Janata Dal">Janata Dal</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Samata_Party" title="Samata Party">Samata Party</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Lok_Shakti" title="Lok Shakti">Lok Shakti</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label" style="line-height:1.3em;">7, Jantar Mantar Road, New Delhi, India-110001</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Newspaper</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">JD(U) Sandesh</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Student_wing" title="Student wing">Student wing</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">Chhatra JDU</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Youth_wing" title="Youth wing">Youth wing</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">Yuva JDU</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_wing" title="Women's wing">Women's wing</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">Mahila JDU</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_ideologies" title="List of political ideologies">Ideology</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Secularism" title="Secularism">Secularism</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-jdu02_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jdu02-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Political_spectrum" title="Political spectrum">Political position</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Centrist" class="mw-redirect" title="Centrist">Centre</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Election_Commission_of_India" title="Election Commission of India">ECI</a> Status</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Manipur" title="Manipur">Manipur</a> (State Party)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Alliance</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Democratic_Alliance" title="National Democratic Alliance">NDA</a> (2003–2013, 2017–2022, 2024–present)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Developmental_Inclusive_Alliance" title="Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance">INDIA</a> (2023–24)</li><li><a href="/wiki/United_Progressive_Alliance" title="United Progressive Alliance">UPA</a> (2015–17, 2022–23)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Mahagathbandhan_(Bihar)" title="Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)">Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)</a> (2015–17, 2022–24)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Mahagathbandhan_(Jharkhand)" title="Mahagathbandhan (Jharkhand)">Mahagathbandhan (Jharkhand)</a> (2022–24)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Seats in <a href="/wiki/Lok_Sabha" title="Lok Sabha">Lok Sabha</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">12 / 543</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #003366; width: 2%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Seats in <a href="/wiki/Rajya_Sabha" title="Rajya Sabha">Rajya Sabha</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">4 / 245</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #003366; width: 2%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Seats in <a href="/wiki/State_Legislative_Assembly_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="State Legislative Assembly (India)">State Legislative Assemblies</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align:center;"><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center; background:#ccccff">List</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">44 / 243</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #003366; width: 18%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> (<a href="/wiki/Bihar_Legislative_Assembly" title="Bihar Legislative Assembly">Bihar Legislative Assembly</a>) <br /> <div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">21 / 75</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #003366; width: 28%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> (<a href="/wiki/Bihar_Legislative_Council" title="Bihar Legislative Council">Bihar Legislative Council</a>) <br /> <div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">1 / 60</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #003366; width: 2%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> (<a href="/wiki/Manipur_Legislative_Assembly" title="Manipur Legislative Assembly">Manipur Legislative Assembly</a>) <br /> <div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">1 / 60</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #F8F9FA; width: 2%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> (<a href="/wiki/Nagaland_Legislative_Assembly" title="Nagaland Legislative Assembly">Nagaland Legislative Assembly</a>)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Number of states and union territories in government</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">2 / 31</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #003366; width: 6%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 0.8em;">Election symbol</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Indian_Election_Symbol_Arrow.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Indian_Election_Symbol_Arrow.svg/200px-Indian_Election_Symbol_Arrow.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Indian_Election_Symbol_Arrow.svg/300px-Indian_Election_Symbol_Arrow.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Indian_Election_Symbol_Arrow.svg/400px-Indian_Election_Symbol_Arrow.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="734" data-file-height="216" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 0.8em;">Party flag</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:JanataDalUnitedFlag.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/JanataDalUnitedFlag.PNG/180px-JanataDalUnitedFlag.PNG" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/JanataDalUnitedFlag.PNG/270px-JanataDalUnitedFlag.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/JanataDalUnitedFlag.PNG/360px-JanataDalUnitedFlag.PNG 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 0.8em;">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jdu.org.in">jdu.org.in</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="padding-top:0;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-top:0.3em; border-top:2px solid #003366;"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_India" title="Politics of India">Politics of India</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_India" title="List of political parties in India">Political parties</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_India" title="Elections in India">Elections</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Janta_Dak_United.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Janta_Dak_United.jpg/220px-Janta_Dak_United.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Janta_Dak_United.jpg/330px-Janta_Dak_United.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Janta_Dak_United.jpg/440px-Janta_Dak_United.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Janata Dal (United)</b> ("People's Party (United)"), abbreviated as <b>JD(U)</b>, is an Indian political party with <a href="/wiki/Politics" title="Politics">political</a> presence mainly in <a href="/wiki/East_India" title="East India">eastern</a> and <a href="/wiki/North_East_India" class="mw-redirect" title="North East India">north-eastern</a> <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-elections.in_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-elections.in-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> JD(U) is recognised as a <a href="/wiki/States_and_union_territories_of_India" title="States and union territories of India">state</a> <a href="/wiki/Party" title="Party">party</a> in the states of <a href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Manipur" title="Manipur">Manipur</a> and is a part of <a href="/wiki/Government" title="Government">government</a> in both the states. JD(U) heads the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Bihar" title="Government of Bihar">government in Bihar</a> and is part of the <a href="/wiki/National_Democratic_Alliance" title="National Democratic Alliance">NDA</a> government in <a href="/wiki/Manipur_Legislative_Assembly" title="Manipur Legislative Assembly">Manipur</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> JD(U) won 12 seats in the <a href="/wiki/2024_Indian_general_election" title="2024 Indian general election">2024 Indian general election</a>, making it the seventh largest party in the <a href="/wiki/Lok_Sabha" title="Lok Sabha">Lok Sabha</a>. JD(U) states that they believe in promoting social justice and lifting up marginalized peoples.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Janata Dal (United) was formed with the merger of the <a href="/wiki/Sharad_Yadav" title="Sharad Yadav">Sharad Yadav</a> faction of the <a href="/wiki/Janata_Dal" title="Janata Dal">Janata Dal</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Lok_Shakti" title="Lok Shakti">Lok Shakti</a> Party and the <a href="/wiki/Samta_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Samta Party">Samata Party</a> on 30 October 2003. But the <a href="/wiki/Election_Commission_of_India" title="Election Commission of India">Election Commission of India</a> refused the merger of the <a href="/wiki/Samata_Party" title="Samata Party">Samata Party</a>, then <a href="/wiki/Brahmanand_Mandal" title="Brahmanand Mandal">Brahmanand Mandal</a> became the <a href="/wiki/President_(corporate_title)" title="President (corporate title)">president</a>, but he was suffering from Alzheimer's disease and not physically well, so Uday Mandal became president<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and he has taken charge of the Samata Party.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Janata Dal (United)'s party mentor and patron is the veteran socialist leader <a href="/wiki/George_Fernandes" title="George Fernandes">George Fernandes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-merger_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-merger-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> JD(U) is currently a part of the <a href="/wiki/National_Democratic_Alliance" title="National Democratic Alliance">National Democratic Alliance</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Formation">Formation</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nomination_of_Bhagwan_Singh_Kushwaha_(1)_04.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Nomination_of_Bhagwan_Singh_Kushwaha_%281%29_04.jpg/220px-Nomination_of_Bhagwan_Singh_Kushwaha_%281%29_04.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Nomination_of_Bhagwan_Singh_Kushwaha_%281%29_04.jpg/330px-Nomination_of_Bhagwan_Singh_Kushwaha_%281%29_04.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Nomination_of_Bhagwan_Singh_Kushwaha_%281%29_04.jpg/440px-Nomination_of_Bhagwan_Singh_Kushwaha_%281%29_04.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="813" /></a><figcaption> JDU leaders <a href="/wiki/Nitish_Kumar" title="Nitish Kumar">Nitish Kumar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Umesh_Singh_Kushwaha" title="Umesh Singh Kushwaha">Umesh Singh Kushwaha</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vijay_Kumar_Chaudhary" title="Vijay Kumar Chaudhary">Vijay Kumar Chaudhary</a> participating in nomination of party's national General Secretary <a href="/wiki/Shri_Bhagwan_Singh_Kushwaha" title="Shri Bhagwan Singh Kushwaha">Shri Bhagwan Singh Kushwaha</a> to Bihar Legislative Council in 2024 alongside Bharatiya Janata Party state chief <a href="/wiki/Samrat_Choudhary" title="Samrat Choudhary">Samrat Choudhary</a> and others.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Janata Dal (United)'s origin goes back to the period before <a href="/wiki/1999_Indian_general_election" title="1999 Indian general election">1999 General Election</a>. A faction led by then <a href="/wiki/List_of_Chief_Ministers_of_Karnataka" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Chief Ministers of Karnataka">Chief Minister of Karnataka</a> <a href="/wiki/J._H._Patel" title="J. H. Patel">J. H. Patel</a> had lent support to the <a href="/wiki/National_Democratic_Alliance" title="National Democratic Alliance">National Democratic Alliance</a>, leading to the split in the <a href="/wiki/Janata_Dal" title="Janata Dal">Janata Dal</a> leading to the formation of <a href="/wiki/Janata_Dal_(Secular)" title="Janata Dal (Secular)">Janata Dal (Secular)</a> under <a href="/wiki/H._D._Deve_Gowda" title="H. D. Deve Gowda">H. D. Deve Gowda</a>, who wanted to remain equidistant from both national parties; and Janata Dal under <a href="/wiki/Sharad_Yadav" title="Sharad Yadav">Sharad Yadav</a> was called Janata Dal (United).<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Janata Dal (United) was formed with the merger of the Sharad Yadav faction of the Janata Dal, the <a href="/wiki/Lok_Shakti" title="Lok Shakti">Lok Shakti</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Samata_Party" title="Samata Party">Samata Party</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 30 October 2003, the Samata Party led by <a href="/wiki/George_Fernandes" title="George Fernandes">George Fernandes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nitish_Kumar" title="Nitish Kumar">Nitish Kumar</a> merged with the Janata Dal. The merged entity was called Janata Dal (United) with the arrow symbol of Janata Dal (United) and the green and white flag of the Samata Party.<sup id="cite_ref-merger_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-merger-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The uniting force is believed to be common opposition to <a href="/wiki/Rashtriya_Janata_Dal" title="Rashtriya Janata Dal">Rashtriya Janata Dal</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a> especially after the Rashtriya Janata Dal welcomed Samata Party rebels like <a href="/wiki/Raghunath_Jha" title="Raghunath Jha">Raghunath Jha</a> into the party. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_NDA">In NDA</h3></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nitish_Kumar_sharing_stage_with_legislators_of_Janata_Dal_United_at_party%27s_headquarter_on_the_occasion_of_state_council_meeting.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Nitish_Kumar_sharing_stage_with_legislators_of_Janata_Dal_United_at_party%27s_headquarter_on_the_occasion_of_state_council_meeting.jpg/400px-Nitish_Kumar_sharing_stage_with_legislators_of_Janata_Dal_United_at_party%27s_headquarter_on_the_occasion_of_state_council_meeting.jpg" decoding="async" width="400" height="206" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Nitish_Kumar_sharing_stage_with_legislators_of_Janata_Dal_United_at_party%27s_headquarter_on_the_occasion_of_state_council_meeting.jpg/600px-Nitish_Kumar_sharing_stage_with_legislators_of_Janata_Dal_United_at_party%27s_headquarter_on_the_occasion_of_state_council_meeting.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Nitish_Kumar_sharing_stage_with_legislators_of_Janata_Dal_United_at_party%27s_headquarter_on_the_occasion_of_state_council_meeting.jpg/800px-Nitish_Kumar_sharing_stage_with_legislators_of_Janata_Dal_United_at_party%27s_headquarter_on_the_occasion_of_state_council_meeting.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4160" data-file-height="2144" /></a><figcaption>Nitish Kumar sharing the stage with legislators and senior leaders of Janata Dal United on the occasion of state council meeting of the party at its headquarter Karpoori Bhawan, Patna.</figcaption></figure> <p>JD(U) joined <a href="/wiki/National_Democratic_Alliance" title="National Democratic Alliance">NDA</a> and along with its alliance partner, the <a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Janata_Party" title="Bharatiya Janata Party">BJP</a> defeated the <a href="/wiki/RJD" class="mw-redirect" title="RJD">RJD</a>-led <a href="/wiki/United_Progressive_Alliance" title="United Progressive Alliance">UPA</a> government in Bihar in November 2005. New government was headed by JD(U) leader, <a href="/wiki/Nitish_Kumar" title="Nitish Kumar">Nitish Kumar</a> and NDA continued to govern state. The alliance contested <a href="/wiki/2009_Indian_general_election" title="2009 Indian general election">2009 Indian general election</a> and won 32 seats. BJP won 12 while JD(U) won 20.<sup id="cite_ref-ax_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ax-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> JD(U) won 115 and BJP won 91 seats in <a href="/wiki/2010_Bihar_Legislative_Assembly_election" title="2010 Bihar Legislative Assembly election">2010 Bihar Legislative Assembly election</a>. Thus together holding 206 seats in 243 member <a href="/wiki/Bihar_Legislative_Assembly" title="Bihar Legislative Assembly">Bihar Legislative Assembly</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Out_of_NDA">Out of NDA</h3></div> <p>JD(U) broke its 17 years old alliance with the <a href="/wiki/BJP" class="mw-redirect" title="BJP">BJP</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a> in protest against the elevation of <a href="/wiki/Narendra_Modi" title="Narendra Modi">Narendra Modi</a> as ahead of the election campaign committee of BJP for <a href="/wiki/2014_Indian_general_election" title="2014 Indian general election">2014 Indian general election</a>. JD(U) President <a href="/wiki/Sharad_Yadav" title="Sharad Yadav">Sharad Yadav</a> and then Bihar Chief Minister <a href="/wiki/Nitish_Kumar" title="Nitish Kumar">Nitish Kumar</a> announced their end of coalition at a press conference on 16 June 2013, exactly a week after Narendra Modi was made the BJP's campaign committee chairman, who was later made the prime ministerial candidate of NDA. Just after this split, Sharad Yadav relinquished his position as the NDA convenor.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The JD(U) contested the election in Bihar in an alliance with the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India" title="Communist Party of India">Communist Party of India</a> but they won only two seats out of total forty seats of Bihar while the BJP-<a href="/wiki/Lok_Jan_Shakti_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Lok Jan Shakti Party">LJP</a> alliance won 31 seats.<sup id="cite_ref-ax_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ax-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ecir14_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ecir14-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following poor performance in election, <a href="/wiki/Nitish_Kumar" title="Nitish Kumar">Nitish Kumar</a> resigned as <a href="/wiki/Chief_Minister_of_Bihar" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief Minister of Bihar">Chief Minister of Bihar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jitan_Ram_Manjhi" title="Jitan Ram Manjhi">Jitan Ram Manjhi</a> sworn in as a new Chief Minister. When the trust vote was demanded by the BJP to prove majority in <a href="/wiki/Bihar_Legislative_Assembly" title="Bihar Legislative Assembly">Bihar Legislative Assembly</a>, the RJD supported the JD(U) in the assembly on 23 May 2014 to pass the majority mark.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Mahagathbandhan_(Grand_Alliance)"><span id="The_Mahagathbandhan_.28Grand_Alliance.29"></span>The Mahagathbandhan (Grand Alliance)</h3></div> <p>On 29 December 2014, Kerala-based <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Janata_(Democratic)" title="Socialist Janata (Democratic)">Socialist Janata (Democratic)</a> merged with the JD(U) with its leader <a href="/wiki/M.P._Veerendra_Kumar" class="mw-redirect" title="M.P. Veerendra Kumar">M.P. Veerendra Kumar</a>, accepting the party flag from JD(U) leader <a href="/wiki/Nitish_Kumar" title="Nitish Kumar">Nitish Kumar</a>. This was an important milestone in bringing a pan-Indian appeal to the JD(U) which is largely limited to the state of <a href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a>. <sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 14 April 2015, the JD(U), <a href="/wiki/Janata_Dal_(Secular)" title="Janata Dal (Secular)">Janata Dal (Secular)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rashtriya_Janata_Dal" title="Rashtriya Janata Dal">Rashtriya Janata Dal</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Lok_Dal" title="Indian National Lok Dal">Indian National Lok Dal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samajwadi_Party" title="Samajwadi Party">Samajwadi Party</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Samajwadi_Janata_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Samajwadi Janata Party">Samajwadi Janata Party</a> announced that they would merge into a new national Janata Parivar alliance in order to fight against the BJP in cooperation with one another, thus leaving the UPA. But for some reason this did not take place and the Samajwadi Party was subsequently offered 3 seats out of an assembly of 243 in the Bihar elections. Unhappy with this deal, it left the alliance and fought the elections separately.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 9 May, MLA <a href="/wiki/Jitan_Ram_Manjhi" title="Jitan Ram Manjhi">Jitan Ram Manjhi</a> was expelled from the JD(U) and he later founded the <a href="/wiki/Hindustani_Awam_Morcha" title="Hindustani Awam Morcha">Hindustani Awam Morcha</a> along with 17 other dissent JD(U) MLAs.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/2015_Bihar_Legislative_Assembly_election" title="2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election">2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election</a> JD(U) contested the election in an <a href="/wiki/Mahagathbandhan_(Bihar)" title="Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)">alliance</a> with the RJD and Congress. It won 71 seats out of the 101 seats it contested and the alliance won 178 seats out the 243 seats in the assembly. Subsequently, Nitish Kumar again became the Chief Minister of Bihar.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the biennial elections to the <a href="/wiki/Rajya_Sabha" title="Rajya Sabha">Rajya Sabha</a> held in March 2016, the ruling <a href="/wiki/United_Democratic_Front_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="United Democratic Front (India)">UDF</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a> state gave one seat to JD(U) Kerala State Unit President <a href="/wiki/M.P._Veerendra_Kumar" class="mw-redirect" title="M.P. Veerendra Kumar">M.P. Veerendra Kumar</a>. In spite of having just 2 MLAs in the Legislative Assembly, the <a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Congress" title="Indian National Congress">Congress</a> gave a berth to its ally.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alliance_with_NDA">Alliance with NDA</h3></div> <p>On 26 July 2017 5 pm, <a href="/wiki/Nitish_Kumar" title="Nitish Kumar">Nitish Kumar</a> tendered his resignation as <a href="/wiki/Chief_Minister_of_Bihar" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief Minister of Bihar">Chief Minister of Bihar</a>, ending 20-month-old <i>Mahgathbandhan</i> (grand alliance) rule. The next day on 27 July 2017 10 am he again took oath as Chief Minister of Bihar with the support of <a href="/wiki/BJP" class="mw-redirect" title="BJP">BJP</a>. Same day evening, Kerala JD(U) chief <a href="/wiki/M.P._Veerendra_Kumar" class="mw-redirect" title="M.P. Veerendra Kumar">M.P. Veerendra Kumar</a> announced the split of Kerala unit of the JD(U) from the party, due to Nitish Kumar led <a href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a> unit joined hands with the BJP.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 28 July 2017, new NDA government won trust vote in Bihar assembly by 131 votes in favour and 108 against, four legislators did not vote.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Out_of_NDA_2">Out of NDA</h3></div> <p>On 9 August 2022, Nitish Kumar announced that the JD(U)'s alliance with the <a href="/wiki/BJP" class="mw-redirect" title="BJP">BJP</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Bihar_Legislative_Assembly" title="Bihar Legislative Assembly">Bihar Legislative Assembly</a> was over.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He further made a claim that the new government in Bihar, a coalition of nine parties including the <a href="/wiki/RJD" class="mw-redirect" title="RJD">RJD</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Congress" title="Indian National Congress">INC</a> would be a "Mahagathgandhan 2.0." </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reorganisation_after_2020_Assembly_elections">Reorganisation after 2020 Assembly elections</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Umesh_kushwaha,_khiru_Mahto,_Nitish_Kumar.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Umesh_kushwaha%2C_khiru_Mahto%2C_Nitish_Kumar.jpeg/220px-Umesh_kushwaha%2C_khiru_Mahto%2C_Nitish_Kumar.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Umesh_kushwaha%2C_khiru_Mahto%2C_Nitish_Kumar.jpeg/330px-Umesh_kushwaha%2C_khiru_Mahto%2C_Nitish_Kumar.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Umesh_kushwaha%2C_khiru_Mahto%2C_Nitish_Kumar.jpeg/440px-Umesh_kushwaha%2C_khiru_Mahto%2C_Nitish_Kumar.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="5792" data-file-height="3904" /></a><figcaption>Nitish Kumar with state president <a href="/wiki/Umesh_Singh_Kushwaha" title="Umesh Singh Kushwaha">Umesh Singh Kushwaha</a> and other leaders of JDU during Rajya Sabha nomination of <a href="/wiki/Khiru_Mahto" title="Khiru Mahto">Khiru Mahto</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The JD(U), just like its parent <a href="/wiki/Samata_Party" title="Samata Party">Samata Party</a>, had the core support of <a href="/wiki/Kushwaha" title="Kushwaha">Kushwaha</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kurmi" title="Kurmi">Kurmi</a> caste, which emanated from the great rally organised in 1993 at <a href="/wiki/Gandhi_Maidan" title="Gandhi Maidan">Gandhi Maidan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Patna" title="Patna">Patna</a>. In 2020 Assembly elections, the party performed badly, and its seats in <a href="/wiki/Bihar_Legislative_Assembly" title="Bihar Legislative Assembly">Bihar Legislative Assembly</a> reduced to 43 from 75 in 2015 elections. The breakaway of the faction led by <a href="/wiki/Upendra_Kushwaha" title="Upendra Kushwaha">Upendra Kushwaha</a>, who founded <a href="/wiki/Rashtriya_Lok_Samata_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Rashtriya Lok Samata Party">Rashtriya Lok Samata Party</a>, was recognised as one of the principal reason behind reduction in support base of the party in many constituencies. In a bid to retain its support amongst its core vote base, the party made several organisational changes, like appointing <a href="/wiki/Ramchandra_Prasad_Singh" title="Ramchandra Prasad Singh">Ramchandra Prasad Singh</a> as national president of the party and <a href="/wiki/Umesh_Kushwaha" class="mw-redirect" title="Umesh Kushwaha">Umesh Kushwaha</a> as the state president. Meanwhile, it also tried to give effect to the merger of the Upendra Kushwaha led <a href="/wiki/Rashtriya_Lok_Samata_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Rashtriya Lok Samata Party">RLSP</a> with itself. The RLSP was formed as a result of a split in JD(U) in 2013. Immediately after the merger, Upendra Kushwaha was made president of parliamentary board of the party.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 20 February 2023, Upendra Kushwaha resigned from the post of president of parliamentary committee of JDU and membership of Bihar Legislative Council and formed another party named <a href="/wiki/Rashtriya_Lok_Morcha" title="Rashtriya Lok Morcha">Rashtriya Lok Morcha</a> as a breakaway faction of JDU.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, <a href="/wiki/Umesh_Kushwaha" class="mw-redirect" title="Umesh Kushwaha">Umesh Kushwaha</a>, who was re-elected to the post of party's state chief in November 2022, continued to serve party in that position for the second term.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2024_Lok_Sabha_elections">2024 Lok Sabha elections</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nitish_Kumar_with_newly_appointed_members_of_Lok_Sabha_in_2024.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Nitish_Kumar_with_newly_appointed_members_of_Lok_Sabha_in_2024.jpg/220px-Nitish_Kumar_with_newly_appointed_members_of_Lok_Sabha_in_2024.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Nitish_Kumar_with_newly_appointed_members_of_Lok_Sabha_in_2024.jpg/330px-Nitish_Kumar_with_newly_appointed_members_of_Lok_Sabha_in_2024.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Nitish_Kumar_with_newly_appointed_members_of_Lok_Sabha_in_2024.jpg/440px-Nitish_Kumar_with_newly_appointed_members_of_Lok_Sabha_in_2024.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3984" data-file-height="2656" /></a><figcaption>Nitish Kumar with victors of 2024 Indian general election in Bihar.</figcaption></figure> <p>In the 2024 Lok Sabha elections, JDU was granted 16 seats against Bharatiya Janata Party's 17 seats and it contested in alliance with BJP and <a href="/wiki/Chirag_Paswan" title="Chirag Paswan">Chirag Paswan</a> led Lok Janashakti Party (Ram Vilas). It won 12 seats in this election and played important role in formation of <a href="/wiki/Third_Modi_ministry" title="Third Modi ministry">Third modi government</a> in the centre. With this victory, JDU changed the narrative that it has been weakened over the time under the leadership of Nitish Kumar with latter's growing age and lack of next generation of leaders in the party.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This election also revealed JDU's hold and support base amongst the members of Extremely Backward Castes, which turned out to be the reason behind party's spectacular performance in the constituencies dominated by them.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In order to consolidate its support base amongst the different caste groups, JDU appointed <a href="/wiki/Dileshwar_Kamait" title="Dileshwar Kamait">Dileshwar Kamait</a>, a member of Extremely Backward Caste as its leader of parliamentary party in <a href="/wiki/18th_Lok_Sabha" title="18th Lok Sabha">18th Lok Sabha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sanjay_Kumar_Jha" title="Sanjay Kumar Jha">Sanjay Kumar Jha</a> was appointed as leader of parliamentary party in <a href="/wiki/Rajya_Sabha" title="Rajya Sabha">Rajya Sabha</a> after the 2024 general elections.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Subsequently, <a href="/wiki/Lalan_Singh" title="Lalan Singh">Lalan Singh</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ram_Nath_Thakur" title="Ram Nath Thakur">Ram Nath Thakur</a> were made union ministers in Third Modi government from the JDU.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Electoral_performance">Electoral performance</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lok_Sabha_elections">Lok Sabha elections</h3></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;" width="60%"> <tbody><tr style="background:#00f;"> <th style="background-color:#003366;color:white">Lok Sabha </th> <th style="background-color:#003366;color:white">Election </th> <th style="background-color:#003366;color:white">Seats<br />contested </th> <th style="background-color:#003366;color:white">Seats<br />won </th> <th style="background-color:#003366;color:white">Votes Polled </th> <th style="background-color:#003366;color:white">% of<br /> votes </th> <th style="background-color:#003366;color:white">State (seats) </th> <th style="background-color:#003366;color:white">Ref. </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/14th_Lok_Sabha" title="14th Lok Sabha">14th Lok Sabha</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2004_Indian_general_election" title="2004 Indian general election">2004</a> </td> <td>73 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>91,44,963 </td> <td>2.53 </td> <td>Bihar (6) <br /> Lakshadweep(1) <br /> Uttar Pradesh(1) </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-indiavotes.com_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-indiavotes.com-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/15th_Lok_Sabha" title="15th Lok Sabha">15th Lok Sabha</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2009_Indian_general_election" title="2009 Indian general election">2009</a> </td> <td>27 </td> <td>20 </td> <td>59,36,786 </td> <td>1.5 </td> <td>Bihar (20) </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-indiavotes.com_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-indiavotes.com-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/16th_Lok_Sabha" title="16th Lok Sabha">16th Lok Sabha</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2014_Indian_general_election" title="2014 Indian general election">2014</a> </td> <td>93 </td> <td>2 </td> <td>59,92,281 </td> <td>1.08 </td> <td>Bihar (2) </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-indiavotes.com_36-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-indiavotes.com-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/17th_Lok_Sabha" title="17th Lok Sabha">17th Lok Sabha</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2019_Indian_general_election" title="2019 Indian general election">2019</a> </td> <td>24 </td> <td>16 </td> <td>89,26,679 </td> <td>1.45 </td> <td>Bihar(16) </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-indiavotes.com_36-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-indiavotes.com-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190526090141/http://results.eci.gov.in/pc/en/partywise/partywiseresult-S04.htm?st=S04">[1]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/18th_Lok_Sabha" title="18th Lok Sabha">18th Lok Sabha</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2024_Indian_general_election" title="2024 Indian general election">2024</a> </td> <td>16 </td> <td>12 </td> <td>80,25,000 </td> <td>1.25 </td> <td>Bihar(12) </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-indiavotes.com_36-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-indiavotes.com-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Assembly_elections">Assembly elections</h3></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;" width="60%"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background-color:#003366;color:white">Vidhan Sabha </th> <th style="background-color:#003366;color:white">Assembly Election </th> <th style="background-color:#003366;color:white">Seats Contested </th> <th style="background-color:#003366;color:white">Seats Won </th> <th style="background-color:#003366;color:white">% of votes </th> <th style="background-color:#003366;color:white">% of votes in<br />seats contested </th> <th style="background-color:#003366;color:white">Party Votes </th> <th style="background-color:#003366;color:white">Ref. </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="8"><b><a href="/wiki/Bihar_Legislative_Assembly" title="Bihar Legislative Assembly">Bihar Legislative Assembly </a></b> </th></tr> <tr> <td>12th Vidhan Sabha </td> <td><a href="/wiki/February_2005_Bihar_Legislative_Assembly_election" title="February 2005 Bihar Legislative Assembly election">2005 February</a> </td> <td>138 </td> <td>55 </td> <td>14.55 </td> <td>26.41 </td> <td>3,564,930 </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-indiavotes.com_assembly_election_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-indiavotes.com_assembly_election-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>13th Vidhan Sabha </td> <td><a href="/wiki/October_2005_Bihar_Legislative_Assembly_election" title="October 2005 Bihar Legislative Assembly election">2005 October</a> </td> <td>139 </td> <td>88 </td> <td>20.46 </td> <td>37.41 </td> <td>4,819,759 </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-indiavotes.com_assembly_election_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-indiavotes.com_assembly_election-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>14th Vidhan Sabha </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2010_Bihar_Legislative_Assembly_election" title="2010 Bihar Legislative Assembly election">2010</a> </td> <td>144 </td> <td>115 </td> <td>22.58 </td> <td>38.77 </td> <td>6,561,906 </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-indiavotes.com_assembly_election_37-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-indiavotes.com_assembly_election-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>15th Vidhan Sabha </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2015_Bihar_Legislative_Assembly_election" title="2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election">2015</a> </td> <td>101 </td> <td>71 </td> <td>16.8 </td> <td>40.65 </td> <td>6,416,414 </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-indiavotes.com_assembly_election_37-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-indiavotes.com_assembly_election-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>16th Vidhan Sabha </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2020_Bihar_Legislative_Assembly_election" title="2020 Bihar Legislative Assembly election">2020</a> </td> <td>115 </td> <td>43 </td> <td>15.39 </td> <td>32.83 </td> <td>6,485,179 </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-indiavotes.com_assembly_election_37-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-indiavotes.com_assembly_election-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="8"><b><a href="/wiki/Jharkhand_Legislative_Assembly" title="Jharkhand Legislative Assembly">Jharkhand Legislative Assembly </a></b> </th></tr> <tr> <td>2nd Vidhan Sabha </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2005_Jharkhand_Legislative_Assembly_election" title="2005 Jharkhand Legislative Assembly election">2005</a> </td> <td>18 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>4.0 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3rd Vidhan Sabha </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2009_Jharkhand_Legislative_Assembly_election" title="2009 Jharkhand Legislative Assembly election">2009</a> </td> <td>14 </td> <td>2 </td> <td>2.78 </td> <td> </td> <td>285,565 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4th Vidhan Sabha </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2019_Jharkhand_Legislative_Assembly_election" title="2019 Jharkhand Legislative Assembly election">2014</a> </td> <td>11 </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0.96 </td> <td> </td> <td>133815 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5th Vidhan Sabha </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2019_Jharkhand_Legislative_Assembly_election" title="2019 Jharkhand Legislative Assembly election">2019</a> </td> <td>45 </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0.73 </td> <td> </td> <td>110120 </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="8"><b><a href="/wiki/Arunachal_Pradesh_Legislative_Assembly" title="Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly">Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly </a></b> </th></tr> <tr> <td>7th </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2019_Arunachal_Pradesh_Legislative_Assembly_election" title="2019 Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election">2019</a> </td> <td>14 </td> <td>7 </td> <td>9.89 </td> <td> </td> <td>61,324 </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="8"><b><a href="/wiki/Manipur_Legislative_Assembly" title="Manipur Legislative Assembly">Manipur Legislative Assembly </a></b> </th></tr> <tr> <td>13th </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2022_Manipur_Legislative_Assembly_election" title="2022 Manipur Legislative Assembly election">2022</a> </td> <td>38 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>10.77 </td> <td> </td> <td>200,100 </td> <td><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prominent_members">Prominent members</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nitish_Kumar" title="Nitish Kumar">Nitish Kumar</a>, National President, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Chief_Ministers_of_Bihar" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Chief Ministers of Bihar">Chief Minister of Bihar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajiv_Ranjan_Singh" class="mw-redirect" title="Rajiv Ranjan Singh">Rajiv Ranjan Singh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Member of Parliament">Member of Parliament</a> and Former Bihar <a href="/wiki/JD(U)" class="mw-redirect" title="JD(U)">JD(U)</a> President.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Umesh_Kushwaha" class="mw-redirect" title="Umesh Kushwaha">Umesh Kushwaha</a>, Bihar state President of Janata Dal (United).<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ABP_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ABP-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsewak_Singh_Kushwaha" title="Ramsewak Singh Kushwaha">Ramsewak Singh Kushwaha</a>, National General Secretary.<sup id="cite_ref-Toi_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toi-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santosh_Kumar_Kushwaha" title="Santosh Kumar Kushwaha">Santosh Kumar Kushwaha</a>, National General Secretary.<sup id="cite_ref-Indiatv_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Indiatv-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Kumar_Sharma" title="Ram Kumar Sharma">Kushwaha Ramkumar Sharma</a>, National General Secretary.<sup id="cite_ref-Indiatv_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Indiatv-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shri_Bhagwan_Singh_Kushwaha" title="Shri Bhagwan Singh Kushwaha">Shri Bhagwan Singh Kushwaha</a>, National General Secretary.<sup id="cite_ref-Indiatv_44-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Indiatv-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vijay_Kumar_Chaudhary" title="Vijay Kumar Chaudhary">Vijay Kumar Chaudhary</a>, Former Speaker of <a href="/wiki/Bihar_Legislative_Assembly" title="Bihar Legislative Assembly">Bihar Legislative Assembly</a>, Former Bihar <a href="/wiki/JD(U)" class="mw-redirect" title="JD(U)">JD(U)</a> President & Former Leader of <a href="/wiki/JD(U)" class="mw-redirect" title="JD(U)">JD(U)</a> Legislature Party.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harivansh_Narayan_Singh" title="Harivansh Narayan Singh">Harivansh Narayan Singh</a> – <a href="/wiki/Deputy_Chairman_of_the_Rajya_Sabha" title="Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha">Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bashistha_Narain_Singh" title="Bashistha Narain Singh">Bashistha Narain Singh</a>, Member of Parliament in Rajya Sabha.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Nath_Thakur" title="Ram Nath Thakur">Ram Nath Thakur</a>, JDU Party leader in Rajya Sabha.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bijendra_Prasad_Yadav" title="Bijendra Prasad Yadav">Bijendra Prasad Yadav</a>, Minister for Energy, Registration, Excise and Prohibition, <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Bihar" title="Government of Bihar">Government of Bihar</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_chief_ministers">List of chief ministers</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chief_ministers_of_Bihar">Chief ministers of Bihar</h3></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background-color:#003366;color:white">No </th> <th style="background-color:#003366;color:white">Name </th> <th style="background-color:#003366;color:white">Constituency </th> <th colspan="2;" style="background-color:#003366;color:white">Term of office </th> <th style="background-color:#003366;color:white">Tenure length </th> <th style="background-color:#003366;color:white">Assembly </th> <th style="background-color:#003366;color:white">Ministry </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center; height:60px;"> <td rowspan="2">1 </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Nitish_Kumar" title="Nitish Kumar">Nitish Kumar</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Bihar_Legislative_Council" title="Bihar Legislative Council">MLC</a> </td> <td>24 November 2005 </td> <td>26 November 2010 </td> <td rowspan="2">8 years, 177 days </td> <td><a href="/wiki/October_2005_Bihar_Legislative_Assembly_election" title="October 2005 Bihar Legislative Assembly election">14th</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Second_Nitish_Kumar_ministry" title="Second Nitish Kumar ministry">Nitish Kumar II</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center; height:60px;"> <td>26 November 2010 </td> <td>20 May 2014 </td> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/2010_Bihar_Legislative_Assembly_election" title="2010 Bihar Legislative Assembly election">15th</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Third_Nitish_Kumar_ministry" title="Third Nitish Kumar ministry">Nitish Kumar III</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center; height:60px;"> <td>2 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jitan_Ram_Manjhi" title="Jitan Ram Manjhi">Jitan Ram Manjhi</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Makhdumpur_(Vidhan_Sabha_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="Makhdumpur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)">Makhdumpur</a> </td> <td>20 May 2014 </td> <td>22 February 2015 </td> <td>278 days </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manjhi_ministry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manjhi ministry (page does not exist)">Manjhi</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center; height:60px;"> <td rowspan="6">(1) </td> <td rowspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Nitish_Kumar" title="Nitish Kumar">Nitish Kumar</a> </td> <td rowspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Bihar_Legislative_Council" title="Bihar Legislative Council">MLC</a> </td> <td>22 February 2015 </td> <td>20 November 2015 </td> <td rowspan="6">9 years, 285 days </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fourths_Nitish_Kumar_ministry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fourths Nitish Kumar ministry (page does not exist)">Nitish Kumar IV</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center; height:60px;"> <td>20 November 2015 </td> <td>26 July 2017 </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/2015_Bihar_Legislative_Assembly_election" title="2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election">16th</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Nitish_Kumar_ministry" title="Fifth Nitish Kumar ministry">Nitish Kumar V</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center; height:60px;"> <td>26 July 2017 </td> <td>16 November 2020 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sixth_Nitish_Kumar_ministry" title="Sixth Nitish Kumar ministry">Nitish Kumar VI</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center; height:60px;"> <td>16 November 2020 </td> <td>9 August 2022 </td> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/2020_Bihar_Legislative_Assembly_election" title="2020 Bihar Legislative Assembly election">17th</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Seventh_Nitish_Kumar_ministry" title="Seventh Nitish Kumar ministry">Nitish Kumar VII</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center; height:60px;"> <td>9 August 2022 </td> <td>31 January 2024 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eighth_Nitish_Kumar_ministry" title="Eighth Nitish Kumar ministry">Nitish Kumar VIII</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center; height:60px;"> <td>31 January 2024 </td> <td>Incumbent </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ninth_Nitish_Kumar_ministry" title="Ninth Nitish Kumar ministry">Nitish Kumar IX</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_ministers_in_union_government">List of ministers in union government</h2></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2" style="background-color:#11229C;color:white">No. </th> <th rowspan="2" style="background-color:#11229C;color:white">Portrait </th> <th rowspan="2" style="background-color:#11229C;color:white">Portfolio </th> <th rowspan="2" style="background-color:#11229C;color:white">Name<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Birth–Death)</span> </th> <th colspan="3" style="background-color:#11229C;color:white">Term in office </th> <th rowspan="2" style="background-color:#11229C;color:white">Constituency<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(House)</span> </th> <th rowspan="2" colspan="2" style="background-color:#11229C;color:white"><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_India" title="Prime Minister of India"><span style="color:white">Prime Minister</span></a> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#11229C;color:white">Assumed office </th> <th style="background-color:#11229C;color:white">Left office </th> <th style="background-color:#11229C;color:white">Time in office </th></tr> <tr> <th>1 </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:George_Fernandes_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/George_Fernandes_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-George_Fernandes_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/George_Fernandes_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-George_Fernandes_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/George_Fernandes_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-George_Fernandes_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="722" data-file-height="930" /></a></span> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Defence_(India)" title="Minister of Defence (India)">Minister of Defence</a></b> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/George_Fernandes" title="George Fernandes">George Fernandes</a></b><br /><small>(1930–2019)</small> </td> <td>15 October 2001 </td> <td>22 May 2004 </td> <th><b><span data-sort-value="7002950000000000000♠"></span>2 years, 220 days</b> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Nalanda_Lok_Sabha_constituency" title="Nalanda Lok Sabha constituency">Nalanda</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Lok_Sabha" title="Lok Sabha">Lok Sabha</a>)</small> </td> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Atal_Bihari_Vajpayee" title="Atal Bihari Vajpayee">Atal Bihari Vajpayee</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FF9933; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td></tr> <tr> <th>2 </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sharadyadavjdu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Sharadyadavjdu.jpg/100px-Sharadyadavjdu.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Sharadyadavjdu.jpg/150px-Sharadyadavjdu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Sharadyadavjdu.jpg/200px-Sharadyadavjdu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="336" data-file-height="367" /></a></span> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Consumer_Affairs,_Food_and_Public_Distribution" title="Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution">Minister of Consumer Affairs, Food & Public Distribution</a></b> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Sharad_Yadav" title="Sharad Yadav">Sharad Yadav</a></b><br /><small>(1947–2023)</small> </td> <td>1 July 2002 </td> <td>22 May 2004 </td> <th><b><span data-sort-value="7002691000000000000♠"></span>1 year, 326 days</b> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Madhepura_Lok_Sabha_constituency" title="Madhepura Lok Sabha constituency">Madhepura</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Lok_Sabha" title="Lok Sabha">Lok Sabha</a>)</small> </td> <td style="background-color:#FF9933; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td></tr> <tr> <th>3 </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nitish_Kumar_with_JDU_functionaries_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Nitish_Kumar_with_JDU_functionaries_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Nitish_Kumar_with_JDU_functionaries_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Nitish_Kumar_with_JDU_functionaries_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Nitish_Kumar_with_JDU_functionaries_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Nitish_Kumar_with_JDU_functionaries_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-Nitish_Kumar_with_JDU_functionaries_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="880" data-file-height="1099" /></a></span> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Railways_(India)" title="Ministry of Railways (India)">Minister of Railways</a></b> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Nitish_Kumar" title="Nitish Kumar">Nitish Kumar</a></b><br /><small>(born 1951)</small> </td> <td>20 March 2001 </td> <td>22 May 2004 </td> <th><b><span data-sort-value="7003115900000000000♠"></span>3 years, 63 days</b> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Barh_Lok_Sabha_constituency" title="Barh Lok Sabha constituency">Barh</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Lok_Sabha" title="Lok Sabha">Lok Sabha</a>)</small> </td> <td style="background-color:#FF9933; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td></tr> <tr> <th>4 </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dig_Vijaysingh.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Dig_Vijaysingh.jpg/100px-Dig_Vijaysingh.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Dig_Vijaysingh.jpg/150px-Dig_Vijaysingh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6d/Dig_Vijaysingh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="225" /></a></span> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_External_Affairs_(India)" title="Minister of External Affairs (India)">Minister of External Affairs</a></b><br /><b>(<abbr title="Minister of State">MoS</abbr>)</b> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Digvijay_Singh_(Bihar_politician)" title="Digvijay Singh (Bihar politician)">Digvijay Singh</a></b><br /><small>(1955–2010)</small> </td> <td>1 July 2002 </td> <td>22 May 2004 </td> <th><b><span data-sort-value="7002691000000000000♠"></span>1 year, 326 days</b> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Banka_Lok_Sabha_constituency" title="Banka Lok Sabha constituency">Banka</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Lok_Sabha" title="Lok Sabha">Lok Sabha</a>)</small> </td> <td style="background-color:#FF9933; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td></tr> <tr> <th>5 </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:R._C._P._Singh_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/R._C._P._Singh_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-R._C._P._Singh_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/R._C._P._Singh_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-R._C._P._Singh_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/R._C._P._Singh_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-R._C._P._Singh_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="866" /></a></span> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Steel" title="Ministry of Steel">Minister of Steel</a></b> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Ramchandra_Prasad_Singh" title="Ramchandra Prasad Singh">Ramchandra Prasad Singh</a></b><br /><small>(born 1958)</small> </td> <td>7 July 2021 </td> <td>6 July 2022 </td> <th><b><span data-sort-value="7002364000000000000♠"></span>364 days</b> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Rajya_Sabha" title="Rajya Sabha">Rajya Sabha</a>)</small> </td> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Narendra_Modi" title="Narendra Modi">Narendra Modi</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FF9933; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">6 </th> <td rowspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shri_Rajiv_Ranjan_Singh_alias_Lalan_Singh_interacting_with_media_after_taking_charge_as_the_Union_Minister_for_Fisheries,_Animal_Husbandry_and_Dairying.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Shri_Rajiv_Ranjan_Singh_alias_Lalan_Singh_interacting_with_media_after_taking_charge_as_the_Union_Minister_for_Fisheries%2C_Animal_Husbandry_and_Dairying.jpg/100px-Shri_Rajiv_Ranjan_Singh_alias_Lalan_Singh_interacting_with_media_after_taking_charge_as_the_Union_Minister_for_Fisheries%2C_Animal_Husbandry_and_Dairying.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Shri_Rajiv_Ranjan_Singh_alias_Lalan_Singh_interacting_with_media_after_taking_charge_as_the_Union_Minister_for_Fisheries%2C_Animal_Husbandry_and_Dairying.jpg/150px-Shri_Rajiv_Ranjan_Singh_alias_Lalan_Singh_interacting_with_media_after_taking_charge_as_the_Union_Minister_for_Fisheries%2C_Animal_Husbandry_and_Dairying.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Shri_Rajiv_Ranjan_Singh_alias_Lalan_Singh_interacting_with_media_after_taking_charge_as_the_Union_Minister_for_Fisheries%2C_Animal_Husbandry_and_Dairying.jpg/200px-Shri_Rajiv_Ranjan_Singh_alias_Lalan_Singh_interacting_with_media_after_taking_charge_as_the_Union_Minister_for_Fisheries%2C_Animal_Husbandry_and_Dairying.jpg 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="325" /></a></span> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Panchayati_Raj" title="Ministry of Panchayati Raj">Minister of Panchayati Raj</a></b> </td> <td rowspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/Lalan_Singh" title="Lalan Singh">Lalan Singh</a></b><br /><small>(born 1955)</small> </td> <td rowspan="3">10 June 2024 </td> <td rowspan="3">Incumbent </td> <th rowspan="3"><b><span data-sort-value="7002176000000000000♠"></span>176 days</b> </th> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Munger_Lok_Sabha_constituency" title="Munger Lok Sabha constituency">Munger</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Lok_Sabha" title="Lok Sabha">Lok Sabha</a>)</small> </td> <td style="background-color:#FF9933; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Fisheries,_Animal_Husbandry_and_Dairying" title="Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying">Minister of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry & Dairying</a></b> </td> <td style="background-color:#FF9933; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td></tr> <tr> <th>7 </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shri_Ram_Nath_Thakur.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Shri_Ram_Nath_Thakur.jpg/100px-Shri_Ram_Nath_Thakur.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Shri_Ram_Nath_Thakur.jpg/150px-Shri_Ram_Nath_Thakur.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Shri_Ram_Nath_Thakur.jpg/200px-Shri_Ram_Nath_Thakur.jpg 2x" data-file-width="607" data-file-height="745" /></a></span> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Agriculture_and_Farmers%27_Welfare" title="Minister of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare">Minister of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare</a></b><br /><b>(<abbr title="Minister of State">MoS</abbr>)</b> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Ram_Nath_Thakur" title="Ram Nath Thakur">Ram Nath Thakur</a></b><br /><small>(born 1950)</small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Rajya_Sabha" title="Rajya Sabha">Rajya Sabha</a>)</small> </td> <td style="background-color:#FF9933; color:inherit; width:0.3em;"> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="National_presidents">National presidents</h2></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2" style="background-color:#003366;color:white">No. </th> <th rowspan="2" style="background-color:#003366;color:white">Portrait </th> <th rowspan="2" style="background-color:#003366;color:white">Name<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Birth–Death)</span> </th> <th colspan="3" style="background-color:#003366;color:white">Term in office </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#003366;color:white">Assumed office </th> <th style="background-color:#003366;color:white">Left office </th> <th style="background-color:#003366;color:white">Time in office </th></tr> <tr> <th>1 </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sharadyadavjdu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Sharadyadavjdu.jpg/80px-Sharadyadavjdu.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Sharadyadavjdu.jpg/120px-Sharadyadavjdu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Sharadyadavjdu.jpg/160px-Sharadyadavjdu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="336" data-file-height="367" /></a></span> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Sharad_Yadav" title="Sharad Yadav">Sharad Yadav</a></b><br /><small>(1947–2023)</small> </td> <td>30 October 2003 </td> <td>10 April 2016 </td> <td>12 years, 163 days </td></tr> <tr> <th>2 </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nitish_Kumar_in_February_2007.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Nitish_Kumar_in_February_2007.jpg/80px-Nitish_Kumar_in_February_2007.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Nitish_Kumar_in_February_2007.jpg/120px-Nitish_Kumar_in_February_2007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Nitish_Kumar_in_February_2007.jpg/160px-Nitish_Kumar_in_February_2007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="597" data-file-height="797" /></a></span> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Nitish_Kumar" title="Nitish Kumar">Nitish Kumar</a></b><br /><small>(born 1951)</small> </td> <td>10 April 2016 </td> <td>27 December 2020 </td> <td>4 years, 261 days </td></tr> <tr> <th>3 </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:R._C._P._Singh_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/R._C._P._Singh_%28cropped%29.jpg/75px-R._C._P._Singh_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/R._C._P._Singh_%28cropped%29.jpg/113px-R._C._P._Singh_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/R._C._P._Singh_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-R._C._P._Singh_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="866" /></a></span> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Ramchandra_Prasad_Singh" title="Ramchandra Prasad Singh">Ramchandra Prasad Singh</a></b><br /><small>(born 1958)</small> </td> <td>27 December 2020 </td> <td>6 July 2022 </td> <td>1 year, 191 days </td></tr> <tr> <th>4 </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shri_Lalan_Singh.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Shri_Lalan_Singh.jpg/75px-Shri_Lalan_Singh.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Shri_Lalan_Singh.jpg/113px-Shri_Lalan_Singh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Shri_Lalan_Singh.jpg/150px-Shri_Lalan_Singh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="476" data-file-height="651" /></a></span> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Lalan_Singh" title="Lalan Singh">Lalan Singh</a></b><br /><small>(born 1955)</small> </td> <td>31 July 2021 </td> <td>29 December 2023 </td> <td>2 years, 151 days </td></tr> <tr> <th>(2) </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nitish_Kumar_in_February_2007.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Nitish_Kumar_in_February_2007.jpg/80px-Nitish_Kumar_in_February_2007.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Nitish_Kumar_in_February_2007.jpg/120px-Nitish_Kumar_in_February_2007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Nitish_Kumar_in_February_2007.jpg/160px-Nitish_Kumar_in_February_2007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="597" data-file-height="797" /></a></span> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Nitish_Kumar" title="Nitish Kumar">Nitish Kumar</a></b><br /><small>(born 1951)</small> </td> <td>29 December 2023 </td> <td><i>Incumbent</i> </td> <td>340 days </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Developmental_Inclusive_Alliance" title="Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance">Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_India" title="List of political parties in India">List of political parties in India</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Singh, M. P. “INDIA’S NATIONAL FRONT AND UNITED FRONT COALITION GOVERNMENTS: A Phase in Federalized Governance.” <a href="/wiki/Asian_Survey" title="Asian Survey">Asian Survey</a>, vol. 41, no. 2, 2001, pp. 328–50. JSTOR, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1525%2Fas.2001.41.2.328">10.1525/as.2001.41.2.328</a>. Accessed 5 June 2024.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jdu02-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-jdu02_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fickett, Lewis P. “The Rise and Fall of the Janata Dal.” Asian Survey, vol. 33, no. 12, 1993, pp. 1151–62. JSTOR, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2645175">10.2307/2645175</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scroll.in&rft.atitle=%27Will+fight+fascist+forces%27%3A+Kerala+JD%28U%29+splits+from+party+after+Nitish+Kumar+allies+with+the+BJP&rft.date=2017-07-27&rft.au=Scroll+Staff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscroll.in%2Flatest%2F845213%2Fwill-fight-fascist-forces-kerala-jd-u-splits-from-party-after-nitish-kumar-allies-with-the-bjp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanata+Dal+%28United%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://indianexpress.com/article/india/bihar-trust-vote-live-updates-nitish-kumar-rjd-lalu-prasad-yadav-congress-bjp-sushil-kumar-modi-4770728/">"Bihar Assembly trust vote LIVE updates: CM Nitish Kumar wins floor test with 131 votes"</a>. <i>The Indian Express</i>. 28 July 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170728064842/http://indianexpress.com/article/india/bihar-trust-vote-live-updates-nitish-kumar-rjd-lalu-prasad-yadav-congress-bjp-sushil-kumar-modi-4770728/">Archived</a> from the original on 28 July 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UniIndia&rft.atitle=Umesh+Kushwaha+becomes+Bihar+JD%28U%29+chief+succeeds+Vashishtha+Narayan+Singh&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uniindia.com%2F~%2Fumesh-kushwaha-becomes-bihar-jd-u-president-succeeds-vashishth-narayan-singh%2FStates%2Fnews%2F2288552.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanata+Dal+%28United%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ABP-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ABP_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abplive.com/states/bihar/former-minister-ramsevak-singh-will-be-jdu-state-president-cm-nitish-kumar-believed-on-pair-of-luv-kush-ann-1716103">"पूर्व मंत्री रामसेवक सिंह होंगे JDU के नए प्रदेश अध्यक्ष, लव-कुश की जोड़ी पर नीतीश ने जताया भरोसा"</a>. <i>ABP News</i>. 9 January 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210109084522/https://www.abplive.com/states/bihar/former-minister-ramsevak-singh-will-be-jdu-state-president-cm-nitish-kumar-believed-on-pair-of-luv-kush-ann-1716103">Archived</a> from the original on 9 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ABP+News&rft.atitle=%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5+%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80+%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%95+%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B9+%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%87+JDU+%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87+%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%8F+%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6+%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%2C+%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B5-%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B6+%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80+%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BC%E0%A5%80+%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0+%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B6+%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87+%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE+%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE&rft.date=2021-01-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abplive.com%2Fstates%2Fbihar%2Fformer-minister-ramsevak-singh-will-be-jdu-state-president-cm-nitish-kumar-believed-on-pair-of-luv-kush-ann-1716103&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanata+Dal+%28United%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Toi-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Toi_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/k-c-tyagi-jdus-well-known-face-does-not-find-a-place-in-new-national-team-of-nitish-kumars-party/articleshow/98871042.cms">"K C Tyagi, JD(U)'s well-known face, does not find place in new national team of Nitish Kumar's party"</a>. <i>Times of India</i>. 21 March 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times+of+India&rft.atitle=K+C+Tyagi%2C+JD%28U%29%27s+well-known+face%2C+does+not+find+place+in+new+national+team+of+Nitish+Kumar%27s+party&rft.date=2023-03-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Findia%2Fk-c-tyagi-jdus-well-known-face-does-not-find-a-place-in-new-national-team-of-nitish-kumars-party%2Farticleshow%2F98871042.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanata+Dal+%28United%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Indiatv-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Indiatv_44-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Indiatv_44-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Indiatv_44-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.indiatvnews.com/bihar/news-bihar-jdu-national-office-bearers-list-kc-tyagi-name-missing-nitish-kumar-rjd-2023-03-22-856615">"Bihar: Senior leader KC Tyagi name missing from JDU's list of new national office bearers"</a>. <i>IndiaTV</i>. 22 March 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IndiaTV&rft.atitle=Bihar%3A+Senior+leader+KC+Tyagi+name+missing+from+JDU%27s+list+of+new+national+office+bearers&rft.date=2023-03-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiatvnews.com%2Fbihar%2Fnews-bihar-jdu-national-office-bearers-list-kc-tyagi-name-missing-nitish-kumar-rjd-2023-03-22-856615&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanata+Dal+%28United%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/nitish-confidante-vijay-chaudhary-is-new-bihar-speaker/1/536704.html">"Nitish confidante Vijay Chaudhary is new Bihar Speaker"</a>. 2 December 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170406110247/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/nitish-confidante-vijay-chaudhary-is-new-bihar-speaker/1/536704.html">Archived</a> from the original on 6 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nitish+confidante+Vijay+Chaudhary+is+new+Bihar+Speaker&rft.date=2015-12-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Findiatoday.intoday.in%2Fstory%2Fnitish-confidante-vijay-chaudhary-is-new-bihar-speaker%2F1%2F536704.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanata+Dal+%28United%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ndtv.com/patna-news/unopposed-bashishtha-narayan-singh-re-elected-jd-u-bihar-unit-president-1466277">"Unopposed, Bashishtha Narayan Singh Re-Elected JD(U) Bihar Unit President"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170406020718/http://www.ndtv.com/patna-news/unopposed-bashishtha-narayan-singh-re-elected-jd-u-bihar-unit-president-1466277">Archived</a> from the original on 6 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Unopposed%2C+Bashishtha+Narayan+Singh+Re-Elected+JD%28U%29+Bihar+Unit+President&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ndtv.com%2Fpatna-news%2Funopposed-bashishtha-narayan-singh-re-elected-jd-u-bihar-unit-president-1466277&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanata+Dal+%28United%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.india.gov.in/my-government/indian-parliament/shri-ram-nath-thakur">"Shri Ram Nath Thakur| National Portal of India"</a>. <i>india.gov.in</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210615163555/https://www.india.gov.in/my-government/indian-parliament/shri-ram-nath-thakur">Archived</a> from the original on 15 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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color:var(--color-base,black);;width:1%">Members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#00B7EB; color:var(--color-base,black);;width:1%">National parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aam_Aadmi_Party" title="Aam Aadmi Party">Aam Aadmi Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist)" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist)">Communist Party of India (Marxist)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Congress" title="Indian National Congress">Indian National Congress</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#00B7EB; color:var(--color-base,black);;width:1%">State parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Trinamool_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="All India Trinamool Congress">All India Trinamool Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharat_Adivasi_Party" title="Bharat Adivasi Party">Bharat Adivasi Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India" title="Communist Party of India">Communist Party of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)_Liberation" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation">Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dravida_Munnetra_Kazhagam" title="Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam">Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Union_Muslim_League" title="Indian Union Muslim League">Indian Union Muslim League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu_%26_Kashmir_National_Conference" title="Jammu & Kashmir National Conference">Jammu & Kashmir National Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_Peoples_Democratic_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party">Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jharkhand_Mukti_Morcha" title="Jharkhand Mukti Morcha">Jharkhand Mukti Morcha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Congress_(Joseph)" title="Kerala Congress (Joseph)">Kerala Congress (Joseph)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Congress_(M)" title="Kerala Congress (M)">Kerala Congress (M)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalist_Congress_Party_(Sharadchandra_Pawar)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nationalist Congress Party (Sharadchandra Pawar)">Nationalist Congress Party (Sharadchandra Pawar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashtriya_Loktantrik_Party" title="Rashtriya Loktantrik Party">Rashtriya Loktantrik Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashtriya_Janata_Dal" title="Rashtriya Janata Dal">Rashtriya Janata Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Socialist_Party_(India)" title="Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)">Revolutionary Socialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peasants_and_Workers_Party_of_India" title="Peasants and Workers Party of India">Peasants and Workers Party of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samajwadi_Party" title="Samajwadi Party">Samajwadi Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiv_Sena_(UBT)" title="Shiv Sena (UBT)">Shiv Sena (Uddhav Balasaheb Thackeray)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viduthalai_Chiruthaigal_Katchi" title="Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi">Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#00B7EB; color:var(--color-base,black);;width:1%">Unrecognised parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Forward_Bloc" title="All India Forward Bloc">All India Forward Bloc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anchalik_Gana_Morcha" title="Anchalik Gana Morcha">Anchalik Gana Morcha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assam_Jatiya_Parishad" title="Assam Jatiya Parishad">Assam Jatiya Parishad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goa_Forward_Party" title="Goa Forward Party">Goa Forward Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kongunadu_Makkal_Desia_Katchi" title="Kongunadu Makkal Desia Katchi">Kongunadu Makkal Desia Katchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makkal_Needhi_Maiam" title="Makkal Needhi Maiam">Makkal Needhi Maiam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manithaneya_Makkal_Katchi" title="Manithaneya Makkal Katchi">Manithaneya Makkal Katchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marumalarchi_Dravida_Munnetra_Kazhagam" title="Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam">Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raijor_Dal" title="Raijor Dal">Raijor Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vikassheel_Insaan_Party" title="Vikassheel Insaan Party">Vikassheel Insaan Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#00B7EB; color:var(--color-base,black);;width:1%">Leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mallikarjun_Kharge" title="Mallikarjun Kharge">Mallikarjun Kharge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonia_Gandhi" title="Sonia Gandhi">Sonia Gandhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rahul_Gandhi" title="Rahul Gandhi">Rahul Gandhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akhilesh_Yadav" title="Akhilesh Yadav">Akhilesh Yadav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lalu_Prasad_Yadav" title="Lalu Prasad Yadav">Lalu Prasad Yadav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharad_Pawar" title="Sharad Pawar">Sharad Pawar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arvind_Kejriwal" title="Arvind Kejriwal">Arvind Kejriwal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mamata_Banerjee" title="Mamata Banerjee">Mamata Banerjee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uddhav_Thackeray" title="Uddhav Thackeray">Uddhav Thackeray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemant_Soren" title="Hemant Soren">Hemant Soren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._K._Stalin" title="M. K. Stalin">M. K. Stalin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaiko" title="Vaiko">Vaiko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanuman_Beniwal" title="Hanuman Beniwal">Hanuman Beniwal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dipankar_Bhattacharya" title="Dipankar Bhattacharya">Dipankar Bhattacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._M._Kader_Mohideen" title="K. M. Kader Mohideen">K. M. Kader Mohideen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farooq_Abdullah" title="Farooq Abdullah">Farooq Abdullah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehbooba_Mufti" title="Mehbooba Mufti">Mehbooba Mufti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajkumar_Roat" title="Rajkumar Roat">Rajkumar Roat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._J._Joseph" title="P. J. Joseph">P. J. Joseph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doraisamy_Raja" class="mw-redirect" title="Doraisamy Raja">Doraisamy Raja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jose_K._Mani" title="Jose K. Mani">Jose K. Mani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayant_Prabhakar_Patil" title="Jayant Prabhakar Patil">Jayant Prabhakar Patil</a></li> <li>G. Devarajan</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manoj_Bhattacharya" title="Manoj Bhattacharya">Manoj Bhattacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitaram_Yechury" title="Sitaram Yechury">Sitaram Yechury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akhil_Gogoi" title="Akhil Gogoi">Akhil Gogoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thol._Thirumavalavan" title="Thol. Thirumavalavan">Thol. Thirumavalavan</a></li> <li>Krishna Patel</li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._R._Eswaran" title="E. R. Eswaran">E. R. Eswaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijai_Sardesai" title="Vijai Sardesai">Vijai Sardesai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lurinjyoti_Gogoi" class="mw-redirect" title="Lurinjyoti Gogoi">Lurinjyoti Gogoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._H._Jawahirullah" title="M. H. Jawahirullah">M. H. Jawahirullah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajit_Kumar_Bhuyan" title="Ajit Kumar Bhuyan">Ajit Kumar Bhuyan</a></li> <li>Mukesh Sahni</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamal_Haasan" title="Kamal Haasan">Kamal Haasan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#00B7EB; color:var(--color-base,black);;width:1%">Member fronts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maha_Vikas_Aghadi" title="Maha Vikas Aghadi">Maha Vikas Aghadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahagathbandhan_(Bihar)" title="Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)">Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahagathbandhan_(Jharkhand)" title="Mahagathbandhan (Jharkhand)">Mahagathbandhan (Jharkhand)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secular_Progressive_Alliance" title="Secular Progressive Alliance">Secular Progressive Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Democratic_Front_(Kerala)" title="United Democratic Front (Kerala)">United Democratic Front</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#00B7EB; color:var(--color-base,black);;width:1%">Candidates by election</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_National_Developmental_Inclusive_Alliance_candidates_for_the_2024_Indian_general_election" title="List of Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance candidates for the 2024 Indian general election">2024</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Political_parties_in_India" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Indian_political_parties" title="Template:Indian political parties"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Indian_political_parties" title="Template talk:Indian political parties"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Indian_political_parties" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Indian political parties"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Political_parties_in_India" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_India" title="List of political parties in India">Political parties in India</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aam_Aadmi_Party" title="Aam Aadmi Party">Aam Aadmi Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahujan_Samaj_Party" title="Bahujan Samaj Party">Bahujan Samaj Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Janata_Party" title="Bharatiya Janata Party">Bharatiya Janata Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist)" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist)">Communist Party of India (Marxist)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Congress" title="Indian National Congress">Indian National Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_People%27s_Party_(India)" title="National People's Party (India)">National People's Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">State parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AJSU_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="AJSU Party">AJSU Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Anna_Dravida_Munnetra_Kazhagam" title="All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam">All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Forward_Bloc" title="All India Forward Bloc">All India Forward Bloc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Majlis-e-Ittehadul_Muslimeen" title="All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen">All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_N.R._Congress" title="All India N.R. Congress">All India N.R. Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Trinamool_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="All India Trinamool Congress">All India Trinamool Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_United_Democratic_Front" title="All India United Democratic Front">All India United Democratic Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apna_Dal_(Soneylal)" title="Apna Dal (Soneylal)">Apna Dal (Soneylal)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asom_Gana_Parishad" title="Asom Gana Parishad">Asom Gana Parishad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharat_Rashtra_Samithi" title="Bharat Rashtra Samithi">Bharat Rashtra Samithi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biju_Janata_Dal" title="Biju Janata Dal">Biju Janata Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodoland_People%27s_Front" title="Bodoland People's Front">Bodoland People's Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India" title="Communist Party of India">Communist Party of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)_Liberation" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation">Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desiya_Murpokku_Dravida_Kazhagam" title="Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam">Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dravida_Munnetra_Kazhagam" title="Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam">Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goa_Forward_Party" title="Goa Forward Party">Goa Forward Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hill_State_People%27s_Democratic_Party" title="Hill State People's Democratic Party">Hill State People's Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Lok_Dal" title="Indian National Lok Dal">Indian National Lok Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Union_Muslim_League" title="Indian Union Muslim League">Indian Union Muslim League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_People%27s_Front_of_Tripura" title="Indigenous People's Front of Tripura">Indigenous People's Front of Tripura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_National_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="Jammu and Kashmir National Conference">Jammu and Kashmir National Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_People%27s_Democratic_Party" title="Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party">Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janasena_Party" title="Janasena Party">Janasena Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janata_Dal_(Secular)" title="Janata Dal (Secular)">Janata Dal (Secular)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Janata Dal (United)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jannayak_Janta_Party" title="Jannayak Janta Party">Jannayak Janta Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janta_Congress_Chhattisgarh" title="Janta Congress Chhattisgarh">Janta Congress Chhattisgarh (J)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jharkhand_Mukti_Morcha" title="Jharkhand Mukti Morcha">Jharkhand Mukti Morcha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Congress_(M)" title="Kerala Congress (M)">Kerala Congress (M)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lok_Janshakti_Party_(Ram_Vilas)" title="Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas)">Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharashtra_Navnirman_Sena" title="Maharashtra Navnirman Sena">Maharashtra Navnirman Sena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharashtrawadi_Gomantak_Party" title="Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party">Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizo_National_Front" title="Mizo National Front">Mizo National Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naam_Tamilar_Katchi" title="Naam Tamilar Katchi">Naam Tamilar Katchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naga_People%27s_Front" title="Naga People's Front">Naga People's Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalist_Congress_Party" title="Nationalist Congress Party">Nationalist Congress Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalist_Congress_Party_%E2%80%93_Sharadchandra_Pawar" title="Nationalist Congress Party – Sharadchandra Pawar">Nationalist Congress Party – Sharadchandra Pawar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalist_Democratic_Progressive_Party" title="Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party">Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_of_Arunachal" title="People's Party of Arunachal">People's Party of Arunachal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Democratic_Front_(Meghalaya)" title="People's Democratic Front (Meghalaya)">People's Democratic Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashtriya_Janata_Dal" title="Rashtriya Janata Dal">Rashtriya Janata Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashtriya_Lok_Janshakti_Party" title="Rashtriya Lok Janshakti Party">Rashtriya Lok Janshakti Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashtriya_Lok_Samta_Party" title="Rashtriya Lok Samta Party">Rashtriya Lok Samta Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashtriya_Loktantrik_Party" title="Rashtriya Loktantrik Party">Rashtriya Loktantrik Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Goans_Party" title="Revolutionary Goans Party">Revolutionary Goans Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Socialist_Party_(India)" title="Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)">Revolutionary Socialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samajwadi_Party" title="Samajwadi Party">Samajwadi Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiromani_Akali_Dal" title="Shiromani Akali Dal">Shiromani Akali Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiv_Sena" title="Shiv Sena">Shiv Sena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiv_Sena_(UBT)" title="Shiv Sena (UBT)">Shiv Sena (Uddhav Balasaheb Thackeray)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikkim_Democratic_Front" title="Sikkim Democratic Front">Sikkim Democratic Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikkim_Krantikari_Morcha" title="Sikkim Krantikari Morcha">Sikkim Krantikari Morcha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telugu_Desam_Party" title="Telugu Desam Party">Telugu Desam Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tipra_Motha_Party" title="Tipra Motha Party">Tipra Motha Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Democratic_Party_(Meghalaya)" title="United Democratic Party (Meghalaya)">United Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_People%27s_Party,_Liberal" title="United People's Party, Liberal">United People's Party, Liberal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voice_of_the_People_Party_(Meghalaya)" title="Voice of the People Party (Meghalaya)">Voice of the People Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viduthalai_Chiruthaigal_Katchi" title="Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi">Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuvajana_Sramika_Rythu_Congress_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Yuvajana Sramika Rythu Congress Party">Yuvajana Sramika Rythu Congress Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoram_Nationalist_Party" title="Zoram Nationalist Party">Zoram Nationalist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoram_People%27s_Movement" title="Zoram People's Movement">Zoram People's Movement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unrecognized<br />parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahila_India_Naadalum_Makkal_Katchi" title="Ahila India Naadalum Makkal Katchi">Ahila India Naadalum Makkal Katchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Rajakulathor_Peravai" title="All India Rajakulathor Peravai">All India Rajakulathor Peravai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambedkarite_Party_of_India" title="Ambedkarite Party of India">Ambedkarite Party of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amma_Makkal_Munnettra_Kazagam" class="mw-redirect" title="Amma Makkal Munnettra Kazagam">Amma Makkal Munnettra Kazagam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gana_Suraksha_Party" title="Gana Suraksha Party">Gana Suraksha Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Unity_Centre_of_India_(Communist)" title="Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)">Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apna_Dal_(Kamerawadi)" title="Apna Dal (Kamerawadi)">Apna Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azad_Samaj_Party_(Kanshi_Ram)" title="Azad Samaj Party (Kanshi Ram)">Azad Samaj Party (Kanshi Ram)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahujan_Mukti_Party" title="Bahujan Mukti Party">Bahujan Mukti Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharipa_Bahujan_Mahasangh" title="Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangh">Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Tribal_Party" title="Bharatiya Tribal Party">Bharatiya Tribal Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Marxist_Party" title="Communist Marxist Party">Communist Marxist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_(Secular)" title="Congress (Secular)">Congress (Secular)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Azad_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Azad Party">Democratic Azad Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Socialist_Party_(Prabodh_Chandra)" title="Democratic Socialist Party (Prabodh Chandra)">Democratic Socialist Party (Prabodh Chandra)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desiya_Makkal_Sakthi_Katchi" title="Desiya Makkal Sakthi Katchi">Desiya Makkal Sakthi Katchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goa_Vikas_Party" title="Goa Vikas Party">Goa Vikas Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gondwana_Ganatantra_Party" title="Gondwana Ganatantra Party">Gondwana Ganatantra Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorkha_Janmukti_Morcha" title="Gorkha Janmukti Morcha">Gorkha Janmukti Morcha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamro_Sikkim_Party" title="Hamro Sikkim Party">Hamro Sikkim Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Janta_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindustan Janta Party">Hindustan Janta Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindustani_Awam_Morcha" title="Hindustani Awam Morcha">Hindustani Awam Morcha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikkjutt_Jammu" title="Ikkjutt Jammu">Ikkjutt Jammu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indhiya_Jananayaga_Katchi" class="mw-redirect" title="Indhiya Jananayaga Katchi">Indhiya Jananayaga Katchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_National_League" title="Indian National League">Indian National League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_Apni_Party" title="Jammu and Kashmir Apni Party">Jammu and Kashmir Apni Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_People%27s_Conference" title="Jammu and Kashmir People's Conference">Jammu and Kashmir People's Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_Workers_Party" title="Jammu and Kashmir Workers Party">Jammu and Kashmir Workers Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Adhikar_Party_(Loktantrik)" title="Jan Adhikar Party (Loktantrik)">Jan Adhikar Party (Loktantrik)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jannayak_Janta_Party" title="Jannayak Janta Party">Jannayak Janta Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jansatta_Dal_(Loktantrik)" title="Jansatta Dal (Loktantrik)">Jansatta Dal (Loktantrik)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jebamani_Janata" class="mw-redirect" title="Jebamani Janata">Jebamani Janata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jharkhand_Party" title="Jharkhand Party">Jharkhand Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karnataka_Pragnyavantha_Janatha_Party" title="Karnataka Pragnyavantha Janatha Party">Karnataka Pragnyavantha Janatha Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khun_Hynniewtrep_National_Awakening_Movement" title="Khun Hynniewtrep National Awakening Movement">Khun Hynniewtrep National Awakening Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Congress_(B)" title="Kerala Congress (B)">Kerala Congress (Balakrishna Pillai)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Congress_(Jacob)" title="Kerala Congress (Jacob)">Kerala Congress (Jacob)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Congress_(Thomas)" title="Kerala Congress (Thomas)">Kerala Congress (Thomas)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kongunadu_Makkal_Desia_Katchi" title="Kongunadu Makkal Desia Katchi">Kongunadu Makkal Desia Katchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lok_Insaaf_Party" title="Lok Insaaf Party">Lok Insaaf Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loktantrik_Janata_Dal" title="Loktantrik Janata Dal">Loktantrik Janata Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahan_Dal" title="Mahan Dal">Mahan Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makkal_Needhi_Maiam" title="Makkal Needhi Maiam">Makkal Needhi Maiam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marumalarchi_Dravida_Munnetra_Kazhagam" title="Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam">Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_Co-ordination_Committee" title="Marxist Co-ordination Committee">Marxist Co-ordination Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Secular_Conference" title="National Secular Conference">National Secular Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NISHAD_Party" title="NISHAD Party">NISHAD Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pattali_Makkal_Katchi" title="Pattali Makkal Katchi">Pattali Makkal Katchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puratchi_Bharatham_Katchi" title="Puratchi Bharatham Katchi">Puratchi Bharatham Katchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puthiya_Needhi_Katchi" class="mw-redirect" title="Puthiya Needhi Katchi">Puthiya Needhi Katchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puthiya_Tamilagam" title="Puthiya Tamilagam">Puthiya Tamilagam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raijor_Dal" title="Raijor Dal">Raijor Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashtriya_Lok_Morcha" title="Rashtriya Lok Morcha">Rashtriya Lok Morcha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashtriya_Samaj_Paksha" title="Rashtriya Samaj Paksha">Rashtriya Samaj Paksha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_India_(Athawale)" title="Republican Party of India (Athawale)">Republican Party of India (Athawale)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Socialist_Party_of_Kerala_(Bolshevik)" title="Revolutionary Socialist Party of Kerala (Bolshevik)">Revolutionary Socialist Party of Kerala (Bolshevik)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Socialist_Party_(Leninist)" title="Revolutionary Socialist Party (Leninist)">Revolutionary Socialist Party (Leninist)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samajwadi_Janata_Party_(Rashtriya)" title="Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya)">Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiv_Sangram" title="Shiv Sangram">Shiv Sangram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiromani_Akali_Dal_(Democratic)" title="Shiromani Akali Dal (Democratic)">Shiromani Akali Dal (Democratic)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikkim_National_People%27s_Party" title="Sikkim National People's Party">Sikkim National People's Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_India" title="Social Democratic Party of India">Social Democratic Party of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Unity_Centre_of_India_(Communist)" title="Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)">Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suheldev_Bharatiya_Samaj_Party" title="Suheldev Bharatiya Samaj Party">Suheldev Bharatiya Samaj Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swabhimani_Paksha" title="Swabhimani Paksha">Swabhimani Paksha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swatantra_Bharat_Paksh" title="Swatantra Bharat Paksh">Swatantra Bharat Paksh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Maanila_Congress_(Moopanar)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tamil Maanila Congress (Moopanar)">Tamil Maanila Congress (Moopanar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamilaga_Vettri_Kazhagam" title="Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam">Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamizhaga_Makkal_Munnetra_Kazhagam" title="Tamizhaga Makkal Munnetra Kazhagam">Tamizhaga Makkal Munnetra Kazhagam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamizhaga_Murpokku_Makkal_Katchi" title="Tamizhaga Murpokku Makkal Katchi">Tamizhaga Murpokku Makkal Katchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telangana_Jana_Samithi" title="Telangana Jana Samithi">Telangana Jana Samithi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tipra_Motha_Party" title="Tipra Motha Party">Tipraha Indigenous Progressive Regional Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Goans_Democratic_Party" title="United Goans Democratic Party">United Goans Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uttarakhand_Kranti_Dal" title="Uttarakhand Kranti Dal">Uttarakhand Kranti Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanchit_Bahujan_Aaghadi" title="Vanchit Bahujan Aaghadi">Vanchit Bahujan Aaghadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vikassheel_Insaan_Party" title="Vikassheel Insaan Party">Vikassheel Insaan Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welfare_Party_of_India" title="Welfare Party of India">Welfare Party of India</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Janata_Parivar_parties" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Janata_Parivar" title="Template:Janata Parivar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Janata_Parivar" title="Template talk:Janata Parivar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Janata_Parivar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Janata Parivar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Janata_Parivar_parties" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Janata_Parivar" title="Janata Parivar">Janata Parivar</a> parties</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parties in <a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Developmental_Inclusive_Alliance" title="Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance">INDIA</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samajwadi_Party" title="Samajwadi Party">Samajwadi Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashtriya_Janata_Dal" title="Rashtriya Janata Dal">Rashtriya Janata Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashtriya_Lok_Dal" title="Rashtriya Lok Dal">Rashtriya Lok Dal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parties in <a href="/wiki/National_Democratic_Alliance" title="National Democratic Alliance">NDA</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Janata Dal (United)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindustani_Awam_Morcha" title="Hindustani Awam Morcha">Hindustani Awam Morcha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janata_Dal_(Secular)" title="Janata Dal (Secular)">Janata Dal (Secular)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jannayak_Janta_Party" title="Jannayak Janta Party">Jannayak Janta Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashtriya_Lok_Janshakti_Party" title="Rashtriya Lok Janshakti Party">Rashtriya Lok Janshakti Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashtriya_Lok_Janata_Dal" class="mw-redirect" title="Rashtriya Lok Janata Dal">Rashtriya Lok Janata Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lok_Janshakti_Party_(Ram_Vilas)" title="Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas)">Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Janata_Dal" title="Socialist Janata Dal">Socialist Janata Dal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Lok_Dal" title="Bharatiya Lok Dal">Bharatiya Lok Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biju_Janata_Dal" title="Biju Janata Dal">Biju Janata Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Lok_Dal" title="Indian National Lok Dal">Indian National Lok Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Adhikar_Party_(Loktantrik)" title="Jan Adhikar Party (Loktantrik)">Jan Adhikar Party (Loktantrik)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lokdal" title="Lokdal">Lokdal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samajwadi_Janata_Dal_(Democratic)" title="Samajwadi Janata Dal (Democratic)">Samajwadi Janata Dal (Democratic)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samajwadi_Janata_Party_(Rashtriya)" title="Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya)">Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samras_Samaj_Party" title="Samras Samaj Party">Samras Samaj Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct Parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bihar_People%27s_Party" title="Bihar People's Party">Bihar People's Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashtriya_Lok_Samta_Party" title="Rashtriya Lok Samta Party">Rashtriya Lok Samta Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pragatisheel_Samajwadi_Party_(Lohiya)" title="Pragatisheel Samajwadi Party (Lohiya)">Pragatisheel Samajwadi Party (Lohiya)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loktantrik_Janata_Dal" title="Loktantrik Janata Dal">Loktantrik Janata Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janata_Party" title="Janata Party">Janata Party</a> * <a href="/wiki/Janata_Dal" title="Janata Dal">Janata Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janata_Dal_(Ajit)" title="Janata Dal (Ajit)">Janata Dal (Ajit)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janata_Dal_(Gujarat)" title="Janata Dal (Gujarat)">Janata Dal (Gujarat)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janata_Dal_(Left)" title="Janata Dal (Left)">Janata Dal (Left)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janata_Party_(Secular)" title="Janata Party (Secular)">Janata Party (Secular)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Morcha" title="Jan Morcha">Jan Morcha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jansatta_Dal_(Loktantrik)" title="Jansatta Dal (Loktantrik)">Jansatta Dal (Loktantrik)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lok_Shakti" title="Lok Shakti">Lok Shakti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samata_Party" title="Samata Party">Samata Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Janata_(Democratic)" title="Socialist Janata (Democratic)">Socialist Janata (Democratic)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Janata_Dal_(United)&oldid=1258927754">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Janata_Dal_(United)&oldid=1258927754</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a 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