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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1999 accord ending the Sierra Leone Civil War</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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.mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="width:210px;width:22.0em; border: 4px double #008000; background:#FFFFFF;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">This article is part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Sierra_Leone_Civil_War" title="Category:Sierra Leone Civil War">a series</a> on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#E0FFFF;font-size:160%;"><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone_Civil_War" title="Sierra Leone Civil War">Sierra Leone Civil War</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="border-top:1px #aaa solid; border-bottom:1px #aaa solid;"> Personalities</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="font-size:90%; background: #E0FFFF; border: 2px; text-align: center"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Tejan_Kabbah" title="Ahmad Tejan Kabbah">Ahmad Tejan Kabbah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Paul_Koroma" title="Johnny Paul Koroma">Johnny Paul Koroma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foday_Sankoh" title="Foday Sankoh">Foday Sankoh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Bockarie" title="Sam Bockarie">Sam Bockarie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valentine_Strasser" title="Valentine Strasser">Valentine Strasser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Maada_Bio" title="Julius Maada Bio">Julius Maada Bio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Taylor_(Liberian_politician)" title="Charles Taylor (Liberian politician)">Charles Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Musa" title="Solomon Musa">Solomon Musa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Hinga_Norman" title="Samuel Hinga Norman">Hinga Norman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yahya_Kanu" title="Yahya Kanu">Yahya Kanu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moinina_Fofana" title="Moinina Fofana">Moinina Fofana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allieu_Kondewa" title="Allieu Kondewa">Allieu Kondewa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Blair" title="Tony Blair">Tony Blair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Richards,_Baron_Richards_of_Herstmonceux" title="David Richards, Baron Richards of Herstmonceux">David Richards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lansana_Cont%C3%A9" title="Lansana Conté">Lansana Conté</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sani_Abacha" title="Sani Abacha">Sani Abacha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxwell_Khobe" title="Maxwell Khobe">Maxwell Khobe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Khukri" title="Operation Khukri">Vijay Jetley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Opande" title="Daniel Opande">Daniel Opande</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="border-top:1px #aaa solid; border-bottom:1px #aaa solid;"> Armed forces</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="font-size:90%; background: #E0FFFF; border: 2px; text-align: center"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Community_of_West_African_States_Monitoring_Group" title="Economic Community of West African States Monitoring Group">ECOMOG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Outcomes" title="Executive Outcomes">Executive Outcomes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamajors" title="Kamajors">Kamajors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_United_Front" title="Revolutionary United Front">RUF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandline_International" title="Sandline International">Sandline International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Sierra_Leone_Armed_Forces" title="Republic of Sierra Leone Armed Forces">SLA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Side_Boys" title="West Side Boys">West Side Boys</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="border-top:1px #aaa solid; border-bottom:1px #aaa solid;"> Key events</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="font-size:90%; background: #E0FFFF; border: 2px; text-align: center"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RUF_insurgency&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RUF insurgency (page does not exist)">RUF insurgency</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capture_of_Kenema&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Capture of Kenema (page does not exist)">Kenema</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capture_of_Bo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Capture of Bo (page does not exist)">Bo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Silver_Anvil" title="Operation Silver Anvil"><i>Silver Anvil</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Sierra_Leonean_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1992 Sierra Leonean coup d'état">1992 coup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Sierra_Leonean_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat_attempt" class="mw-redirect" title="1992 Sierra Leonean coup d'état attempt">1992 coup attempt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Sierra_Leonean_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" class="mw-redirect" title="1996 Sierra Leonean coup d'état">1996 coup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Sierra_Leonean_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat_attempt" class="mw-redirect" title="1996 Sierra Leonean coup d'état attempt">1996 coup attempt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Sierra_Leonean_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" class="mw-redirect" title="1997 Sierra Leonean coup d'état">1997 coup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Noble_Obelisk" title="Operation Noble Obelisk"><i>Noble Obelisk</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Freetown" title="Siege of Freetown">Siege of Freetown</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Capture_of_Hastings_Airport&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Capture of Hastings Airport (page does not exist)">Hastings Airport</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Palliser" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Palliser"><i>Palliser</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lungi_Lol_confrontation" title="Lungi Lol confrontation">Lungi Lol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Khukri" title="Operation Khukri"><i>Khukri</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Barras" title="Operation Barras"><i>Barras</i></a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="border-top:1px #aaa solid; border-bottom:1px #aaa solid;"> Attempts at peace</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="font-size:90%; background: #E0FFFF; border: 2px; text-align: center"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abidjan_Peace_Accord" title="Abidjan Peace Accord">Abidjan Peace Accord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lom%C3%A9_Peace_Accord" class="mw-redirect" title="Lomé Peace Accord">Lomé Peace Accord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Mission_in_Sierra_Leone" title="United Nations Mission in Sierra Leone">UNAMSIL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_military_intervention_in_the_Sierra_Leone_Civil_War" title="British military intervention in the Sierra Leone Civil War">British intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Court_for_Sierra_Leone" title="Special Court for Sierra Leone">SCSL</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="border-top:1px #aaa solid; border-bottom:1px #aaa solid;"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Sierra_Leone" title="List of political parties in Sierra Leone">Political groups</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="font-size:90%; background: #E0FFFF; border: 2px; text-align: center"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_Revolutionary_Council" title="Armed Forces Revolutionary Council">AFRC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_People%27s_Congress" title="All People's Congress">APC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Provisional_Ruling_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="National Provisional Ruling Council">NPRC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone_People%27s_Party" title="Sierra Leone People's Party">SLPP</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="border-top:1px #aaa solid; border-bottom:1px #aaa solid;"> Ethnic groups</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="font-size:90%; background: #E0FFFF; border: 2px; text-align: center"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone_Creole_people" title="Sierra Leone Creole people">Krio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limba_people_(Sierra_Leone)" title="Limba people (Sierra Leone)">Limba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mende_people" title="Mende people">Mende</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temne_people" title="Temne people">Temne</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="border-top:1px #aaa solid; border-bottom:1px #aaa solid;"> See also</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="font-size:90%; background: #E0FFFF; border: 2px; text-align: center"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blood_diamond" title="Blood diamond">Blood diamond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freetown" title="Freetown">Freetown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Liberian_Civil_War" title="Second Liberian Civil War">Liberian Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mano_River" title="Mano River">Mano River</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sierra_Leone_Civil_War" title="Template:Sierra Leone Civil War"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sierra_Leone_Civil_War" title="Template talk:Sierra Leone Civil War"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sierra_Leone_Civil_War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sierra Leone Civil War"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Lomé Peace Agreement</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was a peace agreement signed on 7 July 1999 between the warring parties in the <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone_Civil_War" title="Sierra Leone Civil War">civil war</a> that gripped <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a> for almost a decade. President <a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Tejan_Kabbah" title="Ahmad Tejan Kabbah">Ahmad Tejan Kabbah</a> signed with the <a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_United_Front" title="Revolutionary United Front">Revolutionary United Front</a> (RUF) leader, <a href="/wiki/Foday_Sankoh" title="Foday Sankoh">Foday Sankoh</a> and granted Sankoh a position in the transitional government as well as <a href="/wiki/Amnesty" title="Amnesty">amnesty</a> for him and all combatants.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The accord is named for <a href="/wiki/Lom%C3%A9" title="Lomé">Lomé</a>, the capital of <a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a>, where the negotiations took place and the agreement was signed. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Context">Context</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lom%C3%A9_Peace_Agreement&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Context"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The conflict had been dragging on since a RUF <a href="/wiki/Coup" class="mw-redirect" title="Coup">coup</a> attempt against Kabbah in 1997. Sierra Leonean politicians at home and abroad were ready to negotiate with the rebels, including <a href="/w/index.php?title=Omrie_Golley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Omrie Golley (page does not exist)">Omrie Golley</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pallo_Bangura" class="mw-redirect" title="Pallo Bangura">Pallo Bangura</a> (AFRC/RUF <a href="/wiki/Military_junta" title="Military junta">junta</a>'s "foreign minister"). At the same time, President Kabbah was worn down from the fighting, the coup attempt, the siege of <a href="/wiki/Freetown" title="Freetown">Freetown</a> (Sierra Leone's capital), and the weakening support of the <a href="/wiki/Nigerian" class="mw-redirect" title="Nigerian">Nigerians</a> in <a href="/wiki/ECOMOG" class="mw-redirect" title="ECOMOG">ECOMOG</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Peacekeeping" title="Peacekeeping">peacekeeping</a> force in the country. Kabbah wanted peace, and was willing to make sacrifices. Sankoh wanted power, and was willing to fight for it. On 18 May, in the presence of <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> special envoy <a href="/wiki/Jesse_Jackson" title="Jesse Jackson">Jesse Jackson</a> and Togolese president <a href="/wiki/Gnassingb%C3%A9_Eyad%C3%A9ma" title="Gnassingbé Eyadéma">Gnassingbé Eyadéma</a>, Kabbah and Sankoh signed an initial cease-fire in Lomé. As a result, Sankoh, along with a negotiation team consisting of field commanders and allies, went to Lomé for negotiations with Kabbah's delegation, headed by Attorney General <a href="/wiki/Solomon_Berewa" title="Solomon Berewa">Solomon Berewa</a>. After delays, the negotiations began in Lomé on 26 May. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Negotiations">Negotiations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lom%C3%A9_Peace_Agreement&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Negotiations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The RUF wanted a four-year <a href="/wiki/Transitional_Government_of_National_Unity_(Chad)" title="Transitional Government of National Unity (Chad)">Transitional Government of National Unity</a> to be formed with Sankoh as its <a href="/wiki/Vice_president" title="Vice president">vice president</a>. Berewa conceded some seats for RUF members in the transitional government and that the RUF could form a political party in elections to be held in 2001 but would not grant the vice-presidency. Four <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_(government)" title="Cabinet (government)">cabinet</a> posts and four deputy-ministerial positions were eventually granted to the RUF, subject to approval by the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Sierra_Leone" title="Parliament of Sierra Leone">Parliament of Sierra Leone</a>, and on the RUF side, on the agreement of senior rebel commander <a href="/wiki/Sam_Bockarie" title="Sam Bockarie">Sam Bockarie</a>, as well as some other field commanders. </p><p>A RUF team headed by People's War Council chairman <a href="/w/index.php?title=Soloman_Y._B._Rogers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Soloman Y. B. Rogers (page does not exist)">Soloman Y. B. Rogers</a> returned to Sierra Leone to garner the support of rebel command. Bockarie pushed for more seats but rescinded after <a href="/wiki/Charles_G._Taylor" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles G. Taylor">Charles Taylor</a> intervened. Finally, Kabbah and Sankoh signed the agreement in Lomé on 7 July 1999. The Parliament unanimously ratified the accord on 16 July. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Contents_of_the_agreement">Contents of the agreement</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lom%C3%A9_Peace_Agreement&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Contents of the agreement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Lomé Peace Agreement contained thirty-seven articles and five annexes.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was largely a rehash of the <a href="/wiki/Abidjan_Peace_Accord" title="Abidjan Peace Accord">Abidjan Peace Accord</a>. It included commitments to end hostilities, reestablish the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Commission_for_the_Consolidation_of_Peace&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Commission for the Consolidation of Peace (page does not exist)">Commission for the Consolidation of Peace</a>, provide for demobilization and disarmament, and aid in the reintegration of combatants into civil society. It also granted amnesty to Sankoh and all rebel combatants (Article IX) and allowed for the RUF to become a political party. To achieve these goals, it called for the UN observer Mission in Sierra Leone (<a href="/wiki/UNAMSIL" class="mw-redirect" title="UNAMSIL">UNAMSIL</a>) and <a href="/wiki/ECOMOG" class="mw-redirect" title="ECOMOG">ECOMOG</a> to form a neutral peacekeeping force, and all mercenaries to leave the country, as well as a creation of a new Sierra Leone Army.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sankoh was offered chairmanship of the Commission for the Management of Strategic Resources, National Reconstruction, and Development (Article V), which was to have the status of vice president, answerable only to the president.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath_of_the_agreement">Aftermath of the agreement</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lom%C3%A9_Peace_Agreement&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Aftermath of the agreement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Immediately after the signing of the agreement, thousands of civilians and rebels made their way into the cities from the countryside searching for food and overwhelming aid agencies capabilities. However, with government hired mercenaries (especially <a href="/wiki/Executive_Outcomes" title="Executive Outcomes">Executive Outcomes</a>) out of the country, the second highest member of the RUF, <a href="/wiki/Sam_Bockarie" title="Sam Bockarie">Sam Bockarie</a>, refused to disarm. Rebel activity continued (notably that of new group, the <a href="/wiki/West_Side_Boys" title="West Side Boys">West Side Boys</a>), and Freetown was again under siege by May 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Disarmament of rebel forces finally began in earnest in May 2001. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criticism">Criticism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lom%C3%A9_Peace_Agreement&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Criticism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The granting of amnesty was highly objectionable from the perspective of the UN. <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Human_Rights" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights">United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mary_Robinson" title="Mary Robinson">Mary Robinson</a>, instructed UN representative <a href="/w/index.php?title=Francis_Okelo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francis Okelo (page does not exist)">Francis Okelo</a> not to sign the agreement. However, Okelo was able to convince the UN that his signature was necessary for peace, and he signed with the caveat that the UN would not recognize amnesty for acts of <a href="/wiki/Genocide" title="Genocide">genocide</a>, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and other serious violations of international humanitarian law, as per the request of the United Nations Security Council.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lom%C3%A9_Peace_Agreement&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amnesty_law" title="Amnesty law">Amnesty law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Command_responsibility" title="Command responsibility">Command responsibility</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lom%C3%A9_Peace_Agreement&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://peacemaker.un.org/sierraleone-lome-agreement99"><i>Peace Agreement between the Government of Sierra Leone and the RUF (Lomé Peace Agreement).</i> UN, 7 July 1999.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://peacemaker.un.org/sierraleone-lome-agreement99">"Peace Agreement between the Governement [sic] of Sierra Leone and the Revolutionary United Front (RUF) (Lomé Peace Agreement) | UN Peacemaker"</a>. <i>peacemaker.un.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-01-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=peacemaker.un.org&rft.atitle=Peace+Agreement+between+the+Governement+%5Bsic%5D+of+Sierra+Leone+and+the+Revolutionary+United+Front+%28RUF%29+%28Lom%C3%A9+Peace+Agreement%29+%7C+UN+Peacemaker&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpeacemaker.un.org%2Fsierraleone-lome-agreement99&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALom%C3%A9+Peace+Agreement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.refworld.org/docid/5b430b2a4.html">"Sierra Leone: The Lomé Agreement between the Government of Sierra Lone and the Revolutionary United Front of Sierra Leone (1999)"</a>. <i>Refworld</i>. July 7, 1999.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Refworld&rft.atitle=Sierra+Leone%3A+The+Lom%C3%A9+Agreement+between+the+Government+of+Sierra+Lone+and+the+Revolutionary+United+Front+of+Sierra+Leone+%281999%29&rft.date=1999-07-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.refworld.org%2Fdocid%2F5b430b2a4.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALom%C3%A9+Peace+Agreement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://reliefweb.int/report/sierra-leone/human-rights-provisions-lome-peace-accord-implementation-bulletin-no-2">"The Human Rights Provisions of the Lome Peace Accord Implementation Bulletin No. 2 - Sierra Leone | ReliefWeb"</a>. <i>reliefweb.int</i>. 1999-09-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-01-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=reliefweb.int&rft.atitle=The+Human+Rights+Provisions+of+the+Lome+Peace+Accord+Implementation+Bulletin+No.+2+-+Sierra+Leone+%7C+ReliefWeb&rft.date=1999-09-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freliefweb.int%2Freport%2Fsierra-leone%2Fhuman-rights-provisions-lome-peace-accord-implementation-bulletin-no-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALom%C3%A9+Peace+Agreement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.prio.org/publications/4474">"Using Power-Sharing to Win a War: The Implementation of the Lomé Agreement in Sierra Leone – Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO)"</a>. <i>www.prio.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-01-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.prio.org&rft.atitle=Using+Power-Sharing+to+Win+a+War%3A+The+Implementation+of+the+Lom%C3%A9+Agreement+in+Sierra+Leone+%E2%80%93+Peace+Research+Institute+Oslo+%28PRIO%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.prio.org%2Fpublications%2F4474&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALom%C3%A9+Peace+Agreement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlaoEro2001" class="citation journal cs1">Alao, Abiodun; Ero, Comfort (September 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13698240108402481">"Cut short for taking short cuts: The Lomé peace agreement on Sierra Leone"</a>. <i>Civil Wars</i>. <b>4</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">117–</span>134. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F13698240108402481">10.1080/13698240108402481</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1369-8249">1369-8249</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Civil+Wars&rft.atitle=Cut+short+for+taking+short+cuts%3A+The+Lom%C3%A9+peace+agreement+on+Sierra+Leone&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E117-%3C%2Fspan%3E134&rft.date=2001-09&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F13698240108402481&rft.issn=1369-8249&rft.aulast=Alao&rft.aufirst=Abiodun&rft.au=Ero%2C+Comfort&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1080%2F13698240108402481&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALom%C3%A9+Peace+Agreement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMustapha,_Marda_&2010" class="citation book cs1">Mustapha, Marda &, Bangura, J. Joseph (2010). <i>Sierra Leone beyond the Lomé Peace Accord</i> (1st ed.). Palgrave Mcmillan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-230-10285-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-230-10285-9"><bdi>978-0-230-10285-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sierra+Leone+beyond+the+Lom%C3%A9+Peace+Accord&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Palgrave+Mcmillan&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-230-10285-9&rft.aulast=Mustapha%2C+Marda+%26&rft.aufirst=Bangura%2C+J.+Joseph&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALom%C3%A9+Peace+Agreement" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li>Hirsch, John L. <i>Sierra Leone: Diamonds and the Struggle for Democracy</i>. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2001</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lom%C3%A9_Peace_Agreement&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ictj.org/our-work/regions-and-countries/sierra-leone">International Center for Transitional Justice, Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://peacemaker.un.org/node/371">Full text of Lomé Peace Accord</a>, UN Peacemaker</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://peacemaker.un.org/document-search?keys=&field_padate_value%5Bvalue%5D%5Bdate%5D=&field_pacountry_tid=Sierra+Leone&field_paconflict_tid%5B%5D=1">Text of all peace accords for Sierra Leone</a>, UN Peacemaker</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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title="Lomé–Tokoin International Airport">Lomé–Tokoin International Airport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Landmarks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_2_Fevrier_Lom%C3%A9" title="Hotel 2 Fevrier Lomé">Hotel 2 Fevrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_Monument_(Togo)" title="Independence Monument (Togo)">Independence Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lom%C3%A9_Grand_Market" title="Lomé Grand Market">Lomé Grand Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Heart_Cathedral,_Lom%C3%A9" title="Sacred Heart Cathedral, Lomé">Sacred Heart Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togo_National_Museum" title="Togo National Museum">Togo National Museum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Lom%C3%A9" title="University of Lomé">University of Lomé</a> (former University of Benin)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyc%C3%A9e_Fran%C3%A7ais_de_Lom%C3%A9" title="Lycée Français de Lomé">Lycée Français de Lomé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_School_of_Lom%C3%A9,_Togo" title="British School of Lomé, Togo">British School of Lomé, Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_International_School_of_Lom%C3%A9" title="American International School of Lomé">American International School of Lomé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arc-en-Ciel_International_School" title="Arc-en-Ciel International School">Arc-en-Ciel International School</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lomé_Peace_Agreement&oldid=1273625015">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lomé_Peace_Agreement&oldid=1273625015</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lom%C3%A9" title="Category:Lomé">Lomé</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1999_in_Togo" title="Category:1999 in Togo">1999 in Togo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1999_in_Sierra_Leone" title="Category:1999 in Sierra Leone">1999 in Sierra Leone</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Treaties_of_Sierra_Leone" title="Category:Treaties of Sierra Leone">Treaties of Sierra Leone</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sierra_Leone_Civil_War" title="Category:Sierra Leone Civil War">Sierra Leone Civil War</a></li><li><a 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