LaTeX - A document preparation system

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <title>LaTeX - A document preparation system</title> <meta name="description" content="LaTeX is a high-quality typesetting system; it includes features designed for the production of technical and scientific documentation."> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/screen.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/fa/css/font-awesome.css"> <script src="/js/vgwort.js"></script> <script src="/js/cookieconsent.js"></script>  </head> <body class="container"> <header> <script type="text/javascript">window.cookieconsent_options = {"message":"This website uses cookies. 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LaTeX is the de facto standard for the communication and publication of scientific documents. LaTeX is available as <a href="/lppl/">free software</a>.</p> <p>You don't have to pay for using LaTeX, i.e., there are no license fees, etc. But you are, of course, invited to support the maintenance and development efforts through a <a href="https://www.tug.org/donate.html">donation to the TeX Users Group (choose LaTeX Project contribution)</a> if you are satisfied with LaTeX.</p> <p> You can also sponsor the work of LaTeX team members through the <a href="https://github.com/sponsors">GitHub sponsor program</a> at the moment for <a href="https://github.com/sponsors/FrankMittelbach">Frank</a>, <a href="https://github.com/sponsors/DavidCarlisle">David</a> and <a href="https://github.com/sponsors/JosephWright">Joseph</a>. Your contribution goes without any reductions by GitHub to the developers in support of the project. </p> <p>The volunteer efforts that provide you with LaTeX need financial support, so thanks for any contribution you are willing to make.</p> </div> <div class="col cell1of2 news"> <h2>Recent News</h2> <ul class="news-posts"> <li><span class="post-date">29 March, 2025</span><a class="post-link" href="/news/2025/03/29/new-texlive-net/">New TeXLive.net server & Book Discounts</a></li> <li><span class="post-date">29 January, 2025</span><a class="post-link" href="/news/2025/01/29/pdf-structure/">Interpreting a PDF Structure Tree as XML</a></li> <li><span class="post-date">25 December, 2024</span><a class="post-link" href="/news/2024/12/25/greetings/">Season's Greetings from the LaTeX Project!</a></li> <li><span class="post-date">27 November, 2024</span><a class="post-link" href="/news/2024/11/27/latex-dev-1/">Better multicolumn marks: Pre-release of LaTeX 2025-06-01 is available for testing</a></li> <li><span class="post-date">1 November, 2024</span><a class="post-link" href="/news/2024/11/01/issue40-of-latex2e-released/">LaTeX 2024-11-01 released and distributed</a></li> <li><span class="post-date">8 September, 2024</span><a class="post-link" href="/news/2024/09/08/TUG-online-talks/">TUG Conference 2024 in Prague: talks and accessibility workshop</a></li> <li><span class="post-date">8 July, 2024</span><a class="post-link" href="/news/2024/07/08/tagging/">How to make accessible PDF</a></li> </ul> <small><a href="/news/">All News</a> · Subscribe to our <a href="/feed.xml"><span class="fa fa-rss-square"></span>RSS News Feed</a></small> </div> </div> <hr> <div class="row"> <div class="col cell1of2"> <h2>LaTeX the product</h2> <dl> <dt><a href="/about/">Introduction</a></dt> <dd>Short introduction to LaTeX. Learn what LaTeX is, which features it has, and how it works.</dd> <dt><a href="/get/">Getting LaTeX</a></dt> <dd>Learn how and where to get LaTeX for Linux, Mac OS X, Windows and Online.</dd> <dt><a href="/news/latex2e-news/">LaTeX2e Release Newsletters</a></dt> <dd>LaTeX2e release newsletters for each release of LaTeX created since 1994.</dd> <dt><a href="/help/">Getting help</a></dt> <dd>Help for issues with TeX and LaTeX: Official documentation, books, and links.</dd> </dl> </div> <div class="col cell1of2"> <h2>The LaTeX3 Project</h2> <dl> <dt><a href="/latex3/">LaTeX3 Project</a></dt> <dd>The LaTeX3 project is a long-term research project to develop the next version of the LaTeX typesetting system.</dd> <dt><a href="/publications/">Publications</a></dt> <dd>A selection of articles, slides, conference papers, videos etc. published by the LaTeX3 project.</dd> <dt><a href="/latex3/code/">Development Code</a></dt> <dd>Place to get LaTeX3 development code which is intended only for experimentation and comments.</dd> <dt><a href="https://www.tug.org/donate.html">Donations</a></dt> <dd>Please consider donating to the TeX Users Group to support LaTeX development (<a href="https://www.tug.org/donate.html">LaTeX Project contribution</a>).</dd> </dl> </div> </div> <hr> <div class="row"><script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:block" data-ad-client="ca-pub-8455398809969217" data-ad-slot="1764738082" data-ad-format="auto"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div><hr> <hr> <div class="row teaser"> <section class="col cell1of3"><a href="/help/books/"><h3>LaTeX Books</h3><p>List of books on LaTeX in English, French, German, and Spanish.</p></a> </section> <section class="col cell1of3"><a href="/help/documentation/"><h3>Documentation</h3><p>The official LaTeX help and documentation section.</p></a> </section> <section class="col cell1of3"><a href="/about/team/"><h3>LaTeX Team</h3><p>Learn more about the people behind the LaTeX project.</p></a> </section> </div> </div> <footer> <div class="row"> <div class="col cell3of5"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" overflow="scroll" height="40.731" width="110"> <title id="title3047">LaTeX logo</title> <g id="g3049" fill="#EEE" transform="scale(4.4176707,4.4176707)"> <path id="path3051" d="M5.46,4.23h-0.25c-0.1,1.02-0.24,2.26-2,2.26h-0.81c-0.47,0-0.49-0.07-0.49-0.4v-5.31c0-0.34,0-0.48,0.94-0.48h0.33v-0.3c-0.36,0.03-1.26,0.03-1.67,0.03-0.39,0-1.17,0-1.51-0.03v0.3h0.23c0.77,0,0.79,0.11,0.79,0.47v5.25c0,0.36-0.02,0.47-0.79,0.47h-0.23v0.31h5.19s0.27-2.57,0.27-2.57z" transform="translate(0,0.17)"/> <path id="path3053" d="M2.81,0.16c-0.04-0.12-0.06-0.16-0.19-0.16s-0.16,0.04-0.2,0.16c0,0-1.61,4.08-1.61,4.08-0.07,0.17-0.19,0.48-0.81,0.48v0.25h1.55v-0.25c-0.31,0-0.5-0.14-0.5-0.34,0-0.05,0.01-0.07,0.03-0.14,0,0,0.34-0.86,0.34-0.86h1.98s0.4,1.02,0.4,1.02c0.02,0.04,0.04,0.09,0.04,0.12,0,0.2-0.38,0.2-0.57,0.2v0.25h1.97v-0.25h-0.14c-0.47,0-0.52-0.07-0.59-0.27,0,0-1.7-4.29-1.7-4.29zm-0.4,0.71s0.89,2.26,0.89,2.26h-1.78s0.89-2.26,0.89-2.26z" transform="translate(2.48,0)"/> <path id="path3055" d="M6.27,0h-6.09s-0.18,2.24-0.18,2.24h0.24c0.14-1.61,0.29-1.94,1.8-1.94,0.18,0,0.44,0,0.54,0.02,0.21,0.04,0.21,0.15,0.21,0.38v5.25c0,0.34,0,0.48-1.05,0.48h-0.4v0.31c0.41-0.03,1.42-0.03,1.88-0.03s1.49,0,1.9,0.03v-0.31h-0.4c-1.05,0-1.05-0.14-1.05-0.48v-5.25c0-0.2,0-0.34,0.18-0.38,0.11-0.02,0.38-0.02,0.57-0.02,1.5,0,1.65,0.33,1.79,1.94h0.25s-0.19-2.24-0.19-2.24z" transform="translate(7.03,0.23)"/> <path id="path3057" d="M6.16,4.2h-0.25c-0.25,1.53-0.48,2.26-2.19,2.26h-1.32c-0.47,0-0.49-0.07-0.49-0.4v-2.66h0.89c0.97,0,1.08,0.32,1.08,1.17h0.25v-2.64h-0.25c0,0.85-0.11,1.16-1.08,1.16h-0.89v-2.39c0-0.33,0.02-0.4,0.49-0.4h1.28c1.53,0,1.79,0.55,1.95,1.94h0.25s-0.28-2.24-0.28-2.24h-5.6v0.3h0.23c0.77,0,0.79,0.11,0.79,0.47v5.22c0,0.36-0.02,0.47-0.79,0.47h-0.23v0.31h5.74s0.42-2.57,0.42-2.57z" transform="translate(12.5,2.45)"/> <path id="path3059" d="m3.76,2.95s1.37-2,1.37-2c0.21-0.32,0.55-0.64,1.44-0.65v-0.3h-2.38v0.3c0.4,0.01,0.62,0.23,0.62,0.46,0,0.1-0.02,0.12-0.09,0.23,0,0-1.14,1.68-1.14,1.68s-1.28-1.92-1.28-1.92c-0.02-0.03-0.07-0.11-0.07-0.15,0-0.12,0.22-0.29,0.64-0.3v-0.3c-0.34,0.03-1.07,0.03-1.45,0.03-0.31,0-0.93-0.01-1.3-0.03v0.3h0.19c0.55,0,0.74,0.07,0.93,0.35,0,0,1.83,2.77,1.83,2.77s-1.63,2.41-1.63,2.41c-0.14,0.2-0.44,0.66-1.44,0.66v0.31h2.38v-0.31c-0.46-0.01-0.63-0.28-0.63-0.46,0-0.09,0.03-0.13,0.1-0.24,0,0,1.41-2.09,1.41-2.09s1.58,2.38,1.58,2.38c0.02,0.04,0.05,0.08,0.05,0.11,0,0.12-0.22,0.29-0.65,0.3v0.31c0.35-0.03,1.08-0.03,1.45-0.03,0.42,0,0.88,0.01,1.3,0.03v-0.31h-0.19c-0.52,0-0.73-0.05-0.94-0.36,0,0-2.1-3.18-2.1-3.18z" transform="translate(17.91,0.17)"/> </g> </svg> <p>LaTeX is a document preparation system used for the communication and publication of scientific documents. 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LaTeX - A document preparation system