CINXE.COM

Just a moment...

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91348f930ef6fd0a',cH: 'h6SoFaCSjw1vqlTC77od8.rjRQgwhJVsDvCBzjzU7sc-1739782551-1.2.1.1-YoDNIh6XxRMQlMvRm6eNwWf_w1sLRaFwoP_TlUyDncp4JmrnFIKmPCgyCSfv.EOR',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Muhammad%20Khalil%20Khan&__cf_chl_tk=q_oQd4yo5W5wodaO0AD74D9a_uz680pLcdfu_01A57k-1739782551-1.0.1.1-UJYr_xv7rPwbqoxVTodl_eMgDfE_JWZHnJUEvhlGlU4",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739782551',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Muhammad%20Khalil%20Khan&__cf_chl_f_tk=q_oQd4yo5W5wodaO0AD74D9a_uz680pLcdfu_01A57k-1739782551-1.0.1.1-UJYr_xv7rPwbqoxVTodl_eMgDfE_JWZHnJUEvhlGlU4",md: "r8L_azIPbbvnCclsSWox6tILG.uTub77Tca1tOomBNg-1739782551-1.2.1.1-vrSp1kkeT_xUg6LrhvpRemtKYD.bIyDw6Sn7vnXJNswJ_WfhZ816fCWqjf91zGj8DCY_f6dOCUPQ3aBL1njoOCYn2KRy3lQBOxswUAjEQIW3YmZi3Pu6N31onVgCrzeDlvRr.LqdRP74UbwqzPZQQbCIJK95vtL7e5fy5kllFhdqL_.gO8C_2ZYunLsCoO5PDtVgXhQy4kkPaSqW1xsoKkv4YA9r3LO9sKQEo2pTTvKXJGgvI2Fk7WeqXwGJSCHAZccAepZcd.pJ5.xVyey3xZfljIICfc4t2sMrKG_gRvPer_qcXDjhtYo1VuqmYxtNMy154G4trw7T1f8muEiSIGl1HKzPhXY0LQ_xAsujpTlG.XVDpGlokzFs8MHJxYFvai__jdhxZ.Ur4Ld02SU_kgM9Aivq.iT4nXkoHg.78TNcpSLL380BGi2qTG6fPI.hbrg0Qjn0HOzhs0ArPDWwRti.SLNsIlrOeY7WLkhs1FOZ_HmslVjAdbauGpTVQvl0knwwwVgJg.azAx4EMcIab0iNNhIYuDgIpUsoUZqRw34Gal1H0CZwaN0q2lx2jI3mX39RBUPTmSkoFupeQb5y0Yv3NmJgdxoTK9bpumF.KMFD3jPXjU3qKdrwc2X2nZOPbgA22Olp8IOozcEo.._Yk8TUPS_SPz_gYqcuG8fZCmcAN3zkEH8dBcXzEgx9xz2S5gXTSDEBRDf2IL49uX8mfH2NsKBPcD_4zUcGDT_o2XevRi2mWjD3_z0ifXCWgHb_91PISLpU8X3Ed8D.QB71e42EKARZnOYCJYlaaGLp1hZu_1eaGUSa61lYRjBNzy16OGaIEcce1xWGkPChxlrS9OoUj_G48t1er8Yu0Amz9lphWy5ovqSrl41ex4_lRxhvFkqeNBKL70egwhCk.qA6Yqv.bAbyoFz2.g68oZT5zzWkbBDWsZmOz6gMquexM6VjGJ8f6mAsq9AQswH_3DuuxO5HkT.RDXpL_5UKMAmCPkF846Mj44MYR5xacb2oUsRafMOA6JNiT.fmf4TpKfz51mRQCGIOXiXCogiIW.eNqsJSEhwRGCrDf1MweSnTNOYM_ox2iIm3qTDoTpWjXu6qDPZhli0akJfFoSU65Q0bUFrHzyyPZePlOy9hsLJpr_7l2Z5ZUPcKE8PMw_ZoNXdWKmiXdKwkBkzF3zcjTix1qv1aBIdL3cMZ0QQu5cjsLcbvLQ_yNPeUmRHFLKvk13hS2T.N372W78CMQwncCxg4f1Lf3cAJ8F79TENFIfeR4oMhQnqHd_zC7O3.Qnho.VsZg016EgtunKYrbBd9kActFJYd3gm6mbVzlpxRoyfVi0uyAdZE0HFMvimBtVFHdIBo1W5kZFv3z5TUdBufiF8j9jtkX3TIDpJULdurbBM14ccpDnexaiOeERfiJtIFOpxKVA3i26UD3peMktPaGxtXlhaZZRbIRdptuJ0fg71U3BlQEGc6dV87Tla5GJI6jY6cxV9InRkS0ALPYdNYZZKF7Pu5G36jpo4oPLoOvcWCe2_HCXcNp3hBcBuEtbOoKg70PhrDVrqh7XKdS.ydGNJmRw.tLPjuFlimEAYPxb3k.zEQoC5V4y9s03Wgz8bwWLrjtoN9TWsr_25A2LYJjJMHU4TgNNx6b91l483NR02Wy27PwwD6Vj7byF9ZfCuwfMMVuhv6guOk8E4aG8zq4J4CvgI1Y4oNnKnM.MOaZbsFsekuY16kkvnXOcydMfnPMqC09se2ConZFc4COeQJsmWdDMfLssxgZ01EYj5Gte8BQ1rZRNzGi.mci0sXSlU.9u9ezayy.NG3zaWXlZesbaoURzUeghjMIiAelH1VPNFn7nwPklsPqudoXxsxUl41_UT.G6KDyACTzBzWDFyL26ctuCc8JnBy6M1xmGZTkrN4ScY5S753.w2aIJxMU4lmosOffll1DTfHat.or51DJoxQsOUxgAPE9cyM2rXtCqtcv_V5",mdrd: "y5Eyn22mFP4Q3doZvL7_pfTKLbntQvxNYDC2xPJ7PEk-1739782551-1.2.1.1-5fgmcmUbCa82Tg1WsG6cMYEdnV4Nrt8tSxlblvEAayC9nHU2PqQKo4go5.DOhQ.lgde2BROthOgF2JgVRAt03L2zfTsz7SO73saqR2tnLEE7.KzzGhi9AgZWEbFNRrOhAUsY7cBo9Pr36tdmNRvBwZagfSpPIIj5wjgd0EBwrpgCnIzU85dl3b9dohfjLMr8eldgDWGPz38hjpp2ssKQ1.xd9DOLXLERmvwpL_WSwZLkBYMtByBWBRkla4xQ_shgvc2Ajh1jkNWb_P6KpkGMBsKIsT4TUFrFlbe_WLcIxKi57BpAdlNku1aJmMJnyLtQwXfEHrCdHykqiDFBdw1DliUR9V6ZxWdsSSZSXNoD_MHVoBCg3.XiP4JZ7slWTtNzk6wuPT5ORS90yi2XzEU9xCjE5WiZUa.NQp3XDr6ACxQEFAYxQ.RAkCzl2fxxqX2KifH5NAehM5wPSAtsNnFPtSL4FFDudJPIVwTIssxnF9coN7de3bJNrkzrTP8cJyKlmCsP7Uclq2XYLvj_S8LhNKy7m7ZuBb1fFIbWO4CXOsu.jwNF6K9r6wPG5E8oRlYx7V9xYwCZc7r79ZiY8DKTgD6coR12xfFdOuBvcVuFDJCAxNnHoEJmHYvZRZQ_pjMwY7h77gzxitfp0Fk0vdw2oQ0flzTpi9J8XeQjZnkZag_qBUZV8yXBy5ozjrU5N4Y.ycgNwaWtGgLDlR4U2Yzari5oFPaSTgDi1GRnkOYaqBZLOR7iLk_d.fhGzNHz1nyKO8GIFVvHWbsHp8F1TRH9FTpzOdxx.BrI84IvglMZ49RspNjqXlyfAKrSTk2QuFehZh5.jkLZxh_JIm3VPFk6LKnFhNX5bHryAxZW6079qy0vuZkA1dZNN7jC1mJSVahP3zALdr.0.YhVtCaGKVPpe.PBrc7LcD0vK_xIr27OFm30TbA3.Tu.Eu68WAHO46pwZEMfwkC.75VmAUT7g0.CkDMW0TdURKnIZYCABPx3ReDsmv6WSs64KZ6983Ng6AmAHRDDx4BX7v2KwwCT85lUCp38hPDN4fBPO105kHiTl7nGHk5CiY8XiCxhrQGI4QW4amPD7res2BZgnqiMDZ5FBBLPsgHBXiHoLMOdlNkKp.v6k1V2Fb3fXiE4nYPoQSYpbe7r9Jgjafn1Zo5Ay7n330iOpKcCiLJxJyiblxn9nEmIOPQK6iYT_oBFpcK5qQM5JdTMIMzHEtm6_F4FoCqx.l_dElCcGrpmyw1nQpUYu_arDT9eNW_MQlGoSbdBAQ98w5.Q8Gt_F_NUKMVI189KvRIaGvCfJQLAhZLBt0o3UgeWLPpfpRjOmMaZUOd0hggHEkzkdx0DP40bQDLsiXaO_Fld7p_PqXboAnJGpQI7km4VZKeviVwSBev3l_qyJW6AE3LD5sI23_yU3btQ734NDavvgmvTO3S0eM9Eo7_R5O2kAzNnSSiG9kzWbgfSKw1ycMNzwJDJqlmQmUnDkf06CTHmtBr38Ol35y21lZTUqSmo7GOCqYFnRm6gFHUwLVoQ56O4XhxlHH32XSegiZTxu.9USYX.s3vxNaCdfUv92.3a1jJl8Q2JxvzyBCD1ML3xdz8Jft5uSveV7J7n9EO4iwrM7O1Lc5IwNJKqkD3Og4wPv8RtegJaxQcRvlVBqQ2r5QgOAFrHyEVwcEnTuHjusSH4IvNw7DoTDBc9tCgKPx8SS654dgF3eZwleYtb5.FIYMdl2HgXWZhAdHgm5.UA3xR_1_dnyy72tVN_bGolcCTHSa3lBGiIcuCwdilv3akdt9i3m_0Ts43ILkvOLrRUh3yfO8W9rZ86QMx9W2ACsiF_FWkPd6KcXzbuR9lmXciQfMRy_ti8Gpmdr1ItWe_GLv2daeCh6nwfg6chU7OE7_fJlp3IPXyQhxLAOw5hXWXWxpyDnU4cSV9KjtPf1RUMAoL82qLyOvPwuaR2Za2wWzszDnyuTH7Qbtx6OwZCjshG"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91348f930ef6fd0a';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=Muhammad%20Khalil%20Khan&__cf_chl_rt_tk=q_oQd4yo5W5wodaO0AD74D9a_uz680pLcdfu_01A57k-1739782551-1.0.1.1-UJYr_xv7rPwbqoxVTodl_eMgDfE_JWZHnJUEvhlGlU4" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>